Deslagging system and shield tunneling machine

Abstract

The invention provides a deslagging system and a shield tunneling machine, and belongs to the field of tunneling equipment. The slag discharging system comprises a spiral conveyor, a large slag stone crushing unit used for crushing large-particle-size slag stones and a small slag stone crushing unit used for crushing small-particle-size slag stones, a front slag discharging door and a rear slag discharging door are arranged on the spiral conveyor, an inlet of the large slag stone crushing unit is communicated with the front slag discharging door, and an outlet of the small slag stone crushing unit is communicated with the rear slag discharging door. And an inlet of the small slag stone crushing unit is communicated with the rear slag outlet door. The shield tunneling machine comprises the deslagging system. The connecting position of the large slag stone crushing unit and the spiral conveyor is arranged in the front, so that the conveying path of large-particle-size slag stone is shortened, and the clamping stagnation risk of the large-particle-size slag stone in the spiral conveyor is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of tunnel boring equipment, and particularly relates to a slag discharging system and a shield machine. Background Art

[0002] The water-rich sandy pebble stratum is a common stratum in slurry shield construction. This type of stratum has a loose structure, weak self-stabilization ability, large voids between particles, and large pebble particle sizes, large quantities, and high strength, making it a typical mechanically unstable stratum. Conventional slurry shield machines are equipped with crushers in the air cushion chamber for crushing large-sized pebbles, but the crushing efficiency of these crushers is relatively low, and the fluidity of the pebbles is poor, prone to accumulation and stagnant discharge, seriously affecting the tunneling efficiency.

[0003] To solve the above technical problems, a Chinese patent application with the publication number CN115263346A discloses a slag discharging and crushing system. This system includes a screw conveyor for discharging slag from the slurry chamber, a slurry tank and a hob crusher (i.e., a small slag stone crushing unit) connected in sequence to the outlet of the screw conveyor, a main slurry discharge pipe led out from the bottom of the slurry chamber, and a quarry box and a jaw crusher (i.e., a large slag stone crushing unit) connected in sequence to the main slurry discharge pipe. The slurry tank and the quarry box are arranged in upper and lower layers and are interconnected. This system uses a screw conveyor to convey the slag stones, and at the same time connects a jaw crusher and a hob crusher to the outlet of the screw conveyor. The jaw crusher and the hob crusher can respectively achieve the crushing of large-sized and small-sized slag stones, achieving a greater crushing efficiency and slag cleaning efficiency, thereby improving the construction efficiency of the whole machine.

[0004] In the above system, the main slurry discharge pipe is only used under good geological conditions and small slag stone particle sizes. When the slag stone particle size is large, in order to avoid blocking the main slurry discharge pipe, a screw conveyor needs to be used for slag discharge, and a jaw crusher or a hob crusher is used to crush the slag stones. However, in the above system, both the jaw crusher and the hob crusher are connected to the tail of the screw conveyor. Therefore, the slag stones need to be conveyed a long path in the screw conveyor before being crushed by the crusher. When the slag stone particle size is large, the longer the conveying path in the screw conveyor, the greater the risk of jamming. Summary of the Invention

[0005] One object of the present invention is to provide a slag discharging system to solve the technical problems in the prior art that the crushers are all connected to the tail of the screw conveyor, resulting in a high risk of jamming for large-sized slag stones, and the difficulty of dredging large-sized slag stones stuck in the middle and rear parts of the screw conveyor; Another object of the present invention is to provide a shield machine to solve the above technical problems.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the technical solution of the slag discharging system provided by the present invention is: A slag discharging system includes a screw conveyor, a large slag stone crushing unit for crushing large-sized slag stones, and a small slag stone crushing unit for crushing small-sized slag stones. A front slag discharging door and a rear slag discharging door are arranged on the screw conveyor. The inlet of the large slag stone crushing unit is connected to the front slag discharging door, and the inlet of the small slag stone crushing unit is connected to the rear slag discharging door.

[0007] As a further improvement, two conveying channels are connected to the outlet of the large slag stone crushing unit. One of the conveying channels is an inter-unit conveying channel connected to the inlet of the small slag stone crushing unit, and the other conveying channel is a first slag discharging channel for bypassing the small slag stone crushing unit to convey the slurry and slag stones discharged from the large slag stone crushing unit backward.

[0008] As a further improvement, the slag discharging system further includes a confluence channel for discharging the slurry and slag stones out of the tunnel. The tail end of the first slag discharging channel is connected to the confluence channel, and a second slag discharging channel is connected between the outlet of the small slag stone crushing unit and the confluence channel.

[0009] As a further improvement, the screw blades of the screw conveyor include a large pitch section and a small pitch section. The large pitch section is located before the small pitch section, and the junction of the large pitch section and the small pitch section is behind the front slag discharging door.

[0010] As a further improvement, the opening of the front slag discharging door is larger than that of the rear slag discharging door.

[0011] As a further improvement, the large slag stone crushing unit includes a large slag stone crusher and a slag stone buffer box, and the slag stone buffer box is connected between the front slag discharging door and the large slag stone crusher.

[0012] As a further improvement, when the large slag stone crushing unit and the small slag stone crushing unit crush the slag stones simultaneously, the rotation speed of the screw blades in the screw conveyor is reduced so that the large-sized slag stones all fall from the front slag discharging door into the large slag stone crushing unit.

[0013] As a further improvement, when the large slag stone crushing unit and the small slag stone crushing unit crush the slag stones simultaneously, the slurry flow rate in the screw conveyor is increased so that the small-sized slag stones can reach the rear slag discharging door and enter the small slag stone crushing unit.

[0014] As a further improvement, the large slag stone crushing unit includes a jaw crusher, and the small slag stone crushing unit includes a hob crusher.

[0015] The beneficial effects are as follows: The slag discharging system provided by the present invention is an improvement over the prior art. During use, when there are large-sized slag stones in the muck, the large-sized slag stone crushing unit is used to crush the large-sized slag stones. Since the connection position between the large-sized slag stone crushing unit and the screw conveyor of this slag discharging system is set forward, the transmission path of the large-sized slag stones in the screw conveyor becomes shorter, and they can enter the large-sized slag stone crushing unit earlier to be crushed. Therefore, the risk of the large-sized slag stones getting stuck in the screw conveyor can be reduced.

[0016] To achieve the above object, the technical solution of the shield machine provided by the present invention is: A shield machine includes a shield body and an air cushion chamber provided on the shield body. The air cushion chamber is connected with a slag discharging system. The slag discharging system includes a screw conveyor, a large-sized slag stone crushing unit for crushing large-sized slag stones, and a small-sized slag stone crushing unit for crushing small-sized slag stones. The screw conveyor is provided with a front slag discharging door and a rear slag discharging door. The inlet of the large-sized slag stone crushing unit is connected to the front slag discharging door, and the inlet of the small-sized slag stone crushing unit is connected to the rear slag discharging door.

[0017] As a further improvement, the outlet of the large-sized slag stone crushing unit is connected with two conveying channels. One of the conveying channels is an inter-unit conveying channel connected to the inlet of the small-sized slag stone crushing unit, and the other conveying channel is a first slag discharging channel for bypassing the small-sized slag stone crushing unit to convey the slurry and slag stones discharged from the large-sized slag stone crushing unit backward.

[0018] As a further improvement, the slag discharging system further includes a confluence channel for discharging the slurry and slag stones out of the tunnel. The tail end of the first slag discharging channel is connected to the confluence channel, and a second slag discharging channel is connected between the outlet of the small-sized slag stone crushing unit and the confluence channel.

[0019] As a further improvement, the screw blades of the screw conveyor include a large pitch section and a small pitch section. The large pitch section is located before the small pitch section, and the junction of the large pitch section and the small pitch section is behind the front slag discharging door.

[0020] As a further improvement, the opening of the front slag discharging door is larger than the opening of the rear slag discharging door.

[0021] As a further improvement, the large-sized slag stone crushing unit includes a large-sized slag stone crusher and a slag stone buffer box. The slag stone buffer box is connected between the front slag discharging door and the large-sized slag stone crusher.

[0022] As a further improvement, when the large-sized slag stone crushing unit and the small-sized slag stone crushing unit crush the slag stones simultaneously, the rotation speed of the screw blades in the screw conveyor is reduced so that the large-sized slag stones all fall from the front slag discharging door into the large-sized slag stone crushing unit.

[0023] As a further improvement, when the large slag stone crushing unit and the small slag stone crushing unit crush the slag stones simultaneously, the mud flow rate in the screw conveyor is increased so that the small-sized slag stones can reach the rear slag discharge door and enter the small slag stone crushing unit.

[0024] As a further improvement, the large slag stone crushing unit includes a jaw crusher, and the small slag stone crushing unit includes a hob crusher.

[0025] The beneficial effects are as follows: The shield machine provided by the present invention is an improvement on the existing technology. During use, when there are large-sized slag stones in the muck, the large slag stone crushing unit is used to crush the large-sized slag stones. Since the connection position between the large slag stone crushing unit and the screw conveyor is set forward, the transmission path of the large-sized slag stones in the screw conveyor is shortened, and they can enter the large slag stone crushing unit earlier to be crushed. Therefore, the risk of the large-sized slag stones getting stuck in the screw conveyor can be reduced. Description of the Drawings

[0026] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of Embodiment 1 of the shield machine in the present invention; Figure 2 It is Figure 1 a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A in Figure 3 It is Figure 1 a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B in Figure 4 It is Figure 1 a cross-sectional view taken along line C-C in Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the screw conveyor in Embodiment 1 of the shield machine in the present invention.

[0027] Description of the Reference Numerals: 1. Shield body; 2. Cutter head; 3. Mud chamber; 4. Air cushion chamber; 5. Screw conveyor; 51. Cylinder; 52. Rotating shaft; 53. Screw blade; 531. Large pitch section; 532. Small pitch section; 54. Front slag discharge door; 55. Rear slag discharge door; 6. Large slag stone crushing unit; 61. Slag stone buffer box; 62. Jaw crusher; 7. Small slag stone crushing unit; 71. Hob crusher; 8. Inter-unit conveying channel; 9. First slag discharge channel; 10. Second slag discharge channel; 11. Confluence channel; 12. Drainage pump; 13. Rear support trailer; 14. Connecting pipeline. Detailed Embodiments

[0028] The following further describes the present invention in detail with reference to the embodiments.

[0029] To solve the problems in the prior art, the present invention sets the connection position between the large slag stone crushing unit and the screw conveyor forward, thereby shortening the conveying path of large particle size slag stones and reducing the risk of jamming of large particle size slag stones in the screw conveyor.

[0030] Specific embodiment 1 of the shield machine provided by the present invention: See attached Figure 1 , and in combination with attached Figure 2 , attached Figure 3 and attached Figure 4 , the shield machine includes a shield body 1, a cutter head 2 and a slag discharging system. The cutter head 2 is arranged in front of the shield body 1, and an excavation chamber is formed between the cutter head 2 and the shield body 1. An air cushion chamber 4 is arranged on the shield body 1, and the slag discharging system is communicated with the air cushion chamber 4 for conveying the muddy water and slag stones in the excavation chamber and the air cushion chamber 4 backward. The shield machine is a multi-mode shield machine, having a muddy water shield mode and an earth pressure balance shield mode. In the muddy water shield mode, the excavation chamber is a muddy water chamber 3, and in the earth pressure balance shield mode, the excavation chamber is a muck chamber. This embodiment mainly takes the working state of the shield machine in the muddy water shield mode as an example for description.

[0031] The slag discharging system includes a screw conveyor 5, a large slag stone crushing unit 6, a small slag stone crushing unit 7 and a slurry pump 12. The large slag stone crushing unit 6 is used to crush slag stones with larger particle sizes, and the small slag stone crushing unit 7 is used to crush slag stones with smaller particle sizes.

[0032] See attached Figure 5 , the screw conveyor 5 includes a cylinder body 51, a rotating shaft 52 arranged in the cylinder body 51 and a spiral blade 53. The spiral blade 53 is fixed on the rotating shaft 52. When the rotating shaft 52 rotates, it can drive the spiral blade 53 to rotate, thereby conveying the slag stones at the front end of the screw conveyor 5 backward. The front end of the screw conveyor 5 is provided with a slag inlet for slag stones and muddy water to enter the cylinder body 51. The front end of the screw conveyor 5 is located in the air cushion chamber 4 so that the slag inlet is communicated with the air cushion chamber 4. The slag stones and muddy water in the muddy water chamber 3 enter the screw conveyor 5 after passing through the air cushion chamber 4.

[0033] The lower front side and the lower rear side of the cylinder body 51 of the screw conveyor 5 are respectively provided with a front slag discharge door 54 and a rear slag discharge door 55. Both the front slag discharge door 54 and the rear slag discharge door 55 can discharge the slag stones and muddy water in the cylinder body 51, and gate plates for controlling the discharge of slag stones and muddy water are installed on both the front slag discharge door 54 and the rear slag discharge door 55.

[0034] The inlet of the large slag stone crushing unit 6 is connected to the front slag discharge door 54, and the inlet of the small slag stone crushing unit 7 is connected to the rear slag discharge door 55. In this way, during use, if there are more large-sized slag stones in the formation, the rear slag discharge door 55 is closed and the front slag discharge door 54 is opened, and the large slag stone crushing unit 6 is used to crush the slag stones; if there are more small-sized slag stones in the formation, the front slag discharge door 54 is closed and the rear slag discharge door 55 is opened, and the small slag stone crushing unit 7 is used to crush the slag stones. In this way, the transmission path of the large slag stones in the screw conveyor 5 is shorter, which can effectively reduce the risk of the large slag stones getting stuck in the screw conveyor 5. And even if the large-sized slag stones get stuck in the screw conveyor 5, the stuck position is relatively forward in the screw conveyor 5, which also reduces the difficulty of later dredging.

[0035] Two conveying channels are connected to the outlet of the large slag stone crushing unit 6. One of the conveying channels is the inter-unit conveying channel 8, and the other conveying channel is the first slag discharge channel 9. The tail end of the unit conveying channel is connected to the inlet of the small slag stone crushing unit 7, and the tail end of the first slag discharge channel 9 is connected to the inlet of the slurry pump 12. Valves are provided on the pipelines forming the inter-unit conveying channel 8 and the first slag discharge channel 9 to control the on-off of the two conveying channels respectively.

[0036] A second slag discharge channel 10 is connected to the outlet of the small slag stone crushing unit 7, and the tail end of the second slag discharge channel 10 is connected to the inlet of the slurry pump 12.

[0037] The outlet of the slurry pump 12 is connected to a confluence channel 11. The tail end of the confluence channel 11 extends backward to the outside of the tunnel. Both the first slag discharge channel 9 and the second slag discharge channel 10 are connected to the confluence channel 11, so that the slag stones in the first slag discharge channel 9 and the second slag discharge channel 10 can pass through the slurry pump 12 and be discharged from the tunnel through the confluence channel 11, simplifying the system structure.

[0038] See Appendix Figure 5 As shown, the spiral blade 53 of the screw conveyor 5 includes a large pitch section 531 and a small pitch section 532. The pitch D1 of the large pitch section 531 is greater than the pitch D2 of the small pitch section 532. The large pitch section 531 is located before the small pitch section 532, and the joint of the large pitch section 531 and the small pitch section 532 is behind the front slag discharge door 54. In the case where the particle sizes of the slag stones in the formation are very uneven, the front slag discharge door 54 and the rear slag discharge door 55 can be opened simultaneously. When the large-sized slag stones reach the front slag discharge door 54, they fall through the front slag discharge door 54 and enter the large slag stone crushing unit 6. The small-sized slag stones enter the small pitch section 532 backward under the action of the mud flow and continue to be conveyed backward, and finally enter the small slag stone crushing unit 7 through the rear slag discharge door 55.

[0039] The large-sized slag stones and small-sized slag stones are crushed separately, which can make full use of the respective advantages of the two slag stone crushing units and improve the efficiency of slag stone crushing. Moreover, the pitch of the large pitch section 531 is larger, which can more easily allow the large-sized slag stones to pass through. While the pitch of the small pitch section 532 is smaller, and the helix angle of the helical blades 53 in the small pitch section 532 is smaller, which can ensure that the helical blades 53 have a stronger slag carrying capacity and improve the conveying efficiency of the slag stones and muddy water.

[0040] During the backward transmission of the large-sized slag stones, if their transmission speed is relatively fast, they may get stuck at the junction of the large pitch section 531 and the small pitch section 532. This problem can be solved by changing the rotation speed of the helical blades 53. Specifically, when the front slag discharge door 54 and the rear slag discharge door 55 need to discharge slag simultaneously, the rotation speed of the helical blades 53 is reduced, so that the large-sized slag stones can have sufficient time to fall when they reach the front slag discharge door 54, thus avoiding getting stuck.

[0041] After the rotation speed of the helical blades 53 is reduced, the small-sized slag stones are also likely to fall from the front slag discharge door 54 after passing through the front slag discharge door 54, resulting in a reduction in the small-sized slag stones reaching the rear slag discharge door 55. This problem can be solved by changing the mud flow rate in the screw conveyor 5. Specifically, the power of the slurry discharge pump 12 can be increased, so that the mud flow rate in the screw conveyor 5 is relatively large. The small-sized slag stones with relatively small mass are easily carried by the mud and transmitted backward, while the large-sized slag stones with relatively large mass are not easily affected by the impact of the mud and can still fall from the front slag discharge door 54 relatively easily.

[0042] In this way, by changing the rotation speed of the helical blades 53 and the mud flow rate, a better separation effect of the large-sized slag stones and small-sized slag stones can be achieved, and the slag stone crushing efficiency can be further improved.

[0043] Furthermore, in other implementation manners of this embodiment, the mud flow rates flowing into the large slag stone crushing unit and the small slag stone crushing unit can be controlled separately to more precisely control the separation of the large-sized slag stones and small-sized slag stones. The specific implementation method is to respectively set a first slurry discharge pump and a second slurry discharge pump on the first slag discharge channel and the second slag discharge channel. In this way, the first slurry discharge pump can be used to control the mud flow rate of the first slag discharge channel, that is, the mud flow rate in the large slag stone crushing unit, and the second slurry discharge pump can be used to control the mud flow rate of the second slag discharge channel, that is, the mud flow rate in the small slag stone crushing unit.

[0044] When the large slag stone crushing unit 6 and the small slag stone crushing unit 7 need to work simultaneously, the power of the first slurry discharge pump 12 is reduced and the power of the second slurry discharge pump 12 is increased. In this way, the mud flow rate in the large slag stone crushing unit 6 is relatively small, while the mud flow rate in the small slag stone crushing unit 7 is relatively large, which can make the small-sized slag stones more easily separated and transmitted backward.

[0045] In addition, to ensure that large-sized slag stones can fall more smoothly from the front slag discharge door 54 without jamming, in this embodiment, the opening of the front slag discharge door 54 is larger than that of the rear slag discharge door 55.

[0046] The large slag stone crushing unit 6 includes a slag stone buffer box 61 and a large slag stone crusher. The large slag stone crusher is specifically a jaw crusher 62. In other embodiments of this embodiment, the large slag stone crusher can also be other crushing equipment such as a hammer crusher that can crush large-sized slag stones. The inlet of the slag stone buffer box 61 is directly connected to the front slag discharge door 54, so that larger-sized slag stones can directly fall from the front slag discharge door 54 into the slag stone buffer box 61, avoiding blockage problems caused by pipeline transmission. In addition, the slag stone buffer box 61 has a large space to temporarily store large-sized slag stones, preventing the accumulation of slag stones outside the front slag discharge door 54 when the slag discharge volume is large and affecting the downward fall of large-sized slag stones. The outlet of the slag stone buffer box 61 is connected to the inlet of the jaw crusher 62, and two conveying channels are connected to the outlet of the jaw crusher 62. The large-sized slag stones in the slag stone buffer box 61 can enter the conveying channels and be conveyed backward after being crushed by the jaw crusher 62.

[0047] The small slag stone crushing unit 7 includes a small slag stone crusher. The small slag stone crusher is specifically a hob crusher 71. In other embodiments, the small slag stone crusher can also be other crushing equipment such as a cone rock crusher that can crush small-sized slag stones. The inlet of the hob crusher 71 is connected to the rear slag discharge door 55 through a connecting pipeline 14, and the second slag discharge channel 10 is connected to the outlet of the hob crusher 71. In other embodiments, a slag stone box can also be provided in the small slag stone crushing unit 7, and the slag stone box is located between the hob crusher 71 and the rear slag discharge door 55 to temporarily store more small-sized slag stones.

[0048] This shield machine also includes a trailing gantry 13. The above-mentioned hob crusher 71 and slurry pump 12 are both installed on the trailing gantry 13. Since the jaw crusher 62 is located relatively forward and downward, it can be directly installed inside the shield body 1.

[0049] Under different working conditions, this shield machine has different working modes, which are specifically as follows: Mode 1: When the muck cut by the cutter head 2 is mainly soft soil and a small amount of small-sized slag stones, open the front slag discharge door 54, close the rear slag discharge door 55, open the first slag discharge channel 9 and close the inter-unit conveying channel 8. The slag stones will enter the air cushion chamber 4 together with the slurry in the slurry chamber 3, then enter the screw conveyor 5 and be conveyed backward by the screw conveyor 5, and then enter the jaw crusher 62 through the front slag discharge door 54 and the slag stone buffer box 61. After being agitated by the jaw crusher 62 to enhance its fluidity, they enter the confluence channel 11 through the first slag discharge channel 9.

[0050] Mode 2: When the slag cut by the cutter head 2 contains a large number of small-sized slag stones, the front slag discharge door 54 is closed and the rear slag discharge door 55 is opened. The slag stones and mud entering the screw conveyor 5 enter the gear crusher 71 through the rear slag discharge door 55, and the small-sized slag stones are crushed by the gear crusher 71, and then enter the confluence channel 11 through the second slag discharge channel 10.

[0051] Mode 3: When there are large-sized slag stones in the slag cut by the cutter head 2, the front slag discharge door 54 is opened, the rear slag discharge door 55 is closed, the first slag discharge channel 9 is opened, and the inter-unit conveying channel 8 is closed. The slag stones and mud entering the screw conveyor 5 pass through the front slag discharge door 54 and the slag stone buffer box 61 and enter the jaw crusher 62. After the large-sized slag stones are crushed by the jaw crusher 62, they enter the confluence channel 11 through the first slag discharge channel 9.

[0052] Mode 4: When there are many large-sized slag stones in the slag cut by the cutter head 2, the front slag discharge door 54 is opened, the rear slag discharge door 55 is closed, the inter-unit conveying channel 8 is opened and the first slag discharge channel 9 is closed. The slag stones and mud entering the screw conveyor 5 enter the jaw crusher 62 through the front slag discharge door 54 and the slag stone buffer box 61. After the jaw crusher 62 performs preliminary crushing on the large-sized slag stones, they enter the gear crusher 71 through the inter-unit conveying channel 8 for secondary crushing. The gear crusher 71 can further refine and crush the slag stones, thereby avoiding clogging of the pipeline during the discharge process. The slag stones passing through the gear crusher 71 enter the second slag discharge channel 10 with the mud, and finally enter the confluence channel 11.

[0053] Mode 5: When there are more large-sized and small-sized slags in the slag cut by the cutter head 2, the front slag discharge door 54 and the rear slag discharge door 55 are opened at the same time, the first slag discharge channel 9 is opened, and the inter-unit conveying channel 8 is closed. In addition, the rotation speed of the spiral blade 53 in the screw conveyor 5 is reduced to increase the flow rate of the mud in the screw conveyor 5. After reaching the front slag discharge door 54, the large-sized slags pass through the front slag discharge door 54 and the slag buffer box 61 to enter the jaw crusher 62, and after being crushed, they pass through the first slag discharge channel 9 together with the mud and enter the confluence channel 11; the small-sized slags continue to be transmitted backward to the rear slag discharge door 55 with the mud, and enter the gear crusher 71 through the rear slag discharge door 55, and after being crushed, they pass through the second slag discharge channel 10 together with the mud and enter the confluence channel 11.

[0054] In addition, when one of the gear crusher 71 and the jaw crusher 62 fails, the other one can be used to temporarily crush the slag and rock, thereby ensuring that the shield machine can continue to excavate.

[0055] The above five modes can adapt to various forms of strata in the water-rich and high-confined pressure environment, effectively improve the reliability and efficiency of the continuous tunneling of the shield machine under complex working conditions, reduce the risk of blockage of the mud circulation pipeline of the shield machine and the risk of slag retention, improve the construction efficiency, and reduce the construction cost.

[0056] In the earth pressure balance shield mode of the shield machine in this embodiment, the hob crusher 71 can be removed, and a belt conveyor can be connected under the rear end of the screw conveyor 5. The slag is discharged from the rear slag discharge door 55 and falls onto the belt conveyor. Or in other embodiments, a slag discharge door for discharging slag to the belt conveyor can also be additionally provided on the screw conveyor 5, and there is no need to remove the hob crusher 71.

[0057] For the shield machine in the single-mode of slurry shield, its setting form is similar to the state in the slurry shield mode of this multi-mode shield machine, and will not be elaborated here.

[0058] Specific embodiment 2 of the shield machine provided by the present invention: Based on Embodiment 1, the difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that in this embodiment, there is no confluence channel, the first slag discharge channel and the second slag discharge channel directly extend backward to the outside of the tunnel, and slurry pumps are separately configured on both the first slag discharge channel and the second slag discharge channel.

[0059] Specific embodiment 3 of the shield machine provided by the present invention: Based on Embodiment 1, the difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that in this embodiment, there is no unit-to-unit conveying channel, and the slag and slurry discharged from the large slag crushing unit directly flow backward through the first slag discharge channel without passing through the small slag crushing unit. Therefore, there is no Mode 4 in this embodiment.

[0060] Specific embodiment 4 of the shield machine provided by the present invention: Based on Embodiment 1, the difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that in this embodiment, the screw blade of the screw conveyor has an equal pitch structure. Therefore, there is no Mode 5 in this embodiment.

[0061] Specific embodiment 5 of the shield machine provided by the present invention: Based on Embodiment 1, the difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that in this embodiment, the opening of the front slag discharge door is equal to the opening of the rear slag discharge door, but the opening size of the front slag discharge door needs to meet the requirement that large-sized slag can pass through.

[0062] Specific embodiment 6 of the shield machine provided by the present invention: This embodiment is based on Embodiment 1. The difference from Embodiment 1 is that in this embodiment, the front slag discharge door is directly docked with the jaw crusher, and the slag caching box is no longer provided in the large slag stone crushing unit. This shield machine is applicable to the formation environment with fewer large-sized slag stones.

[0063] Specific Embodiment 7 of the shield machine provided by the present invention: This embodiment is based on Embodiment 1. The difference from Embodiment 1 is that in working mode five of this embodiment, the rotation speed of the spiral blade of the screw conveyor is not adjusted. In this embodiment, the pitch of the large pitch section of the spiral blade can be further increased, so that the large-sized slag stones are more likely to fall at the front slag discharge door.

[0064] Specific Embodiment 8 of the shield machine provided by the present invention: This embodiment is based on Embodiment 1. The difference from Embodiment 1 is that in working mode five of this embodiment, the mud flow rate in the screw conveyor is not adjusted. In this embodiment, the amount of small-sized slag stones entering the small pitch section is reduced, but the crushing efficiency of the slag stones can still be improved compared with the situation without mode five.

[0065] Specific Embodiment of the slag discharge system provided by the present invention: This slag discharge system is the slag discharge system in the specific embodiments of the above-mentioned shield machine, and will not be elaborated here.

[0066] Finally, it should be noted that the above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, for those skilled in the art, they can still make modifications to the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments without creative efforts, or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A slag discharging system, characterized in that, It includes a screw conveyor, a large slag stone crushing unit for crushing large-sized slag stones, and a small slag stone crushing unit for crushing small-sized slag stones. There are a front slag discharge door and a rear slag discharge door arranged on the screw conveyor. The inlet of the large slag stone crushing unit is connected to the front slag discharge door, and the inlet of the small slag stone crushing unit is connected to the rear slag discharge door.

2. The slag discharging system according to claim 1, characterized in that, Two conveying channels are connected to the outlet of the large slag stone crushing unit. One of the conveying channels is an inter-unit conveying channel connected to the inlet of the small slag stone crushing unit, and the other conveying channel is a first slag discharge channel for bypassing the small slag stone crushing unit to convey the slurry and slag stones discharged from the large slag stone crushing unit backward.

3. The slag discharge system according to claim 2, wherein, The slag discharge system further includes a confluence channel for discharging the slurry and slag stones out of the tunnel. The tail end of the first slag discharge channel is connected to the confluence channel, and a second slag discharge channel is connected between the outlet of the small slag stone crushing unit and the confluence channel.

4. The slag discharging system according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The screw blades of the screw conveyor include a large pitch section and a small pitch section. The large pitch section is located before the small pitch section, and the junction of the large pitch section and the small pitch section is behind the front slag discharge door.

5. The slag discharging system according to claim 4, wherein The opening of the front slag discharge door is larger than that of the rear slag discharge door.

6. The slag discharging system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The large slag stone crushing unit includes a large slag stone crusher and a slag stone buffer box. The slag stone buffer box is connected between the front slag discharge door and the large slag stone crusher.

7. The slag discharging system according to claim 4, characterized in that, When the large slag stone crushing unit and the small slag stone crushing unit crush the slag stones simultaneously, the rotation speed of the screw blades in the screw conveyor is reduced so that the large-sized slag stones all fall from the front slag discharge door into the large slag stone crushing unit.

8. The slag discharging system according to claim 4, characterized in that, When the large slag stone crushing unit and the small slag stone crushing unit crush the slag stones simultaneously, the slurry flow rate in the screw conveyor is increased so that the small-sized slag stones can reach the rear slag discharge door and enter the small slag stone crushing unit.

9. The slag discharging system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The large slag stone crushing unit includes a jaw crusher, and the small slag stone crushing unit includes a hob crusher.

10. A shield machine, comprising a shield body and an air cushion chamber arranged on the shield body, characterized in that, The air cushion bin is connected to the slag discharge system according to any one of claims 1-9.

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