Main drive multi-stage double-sealing system of shield tunneling machine in high-water-pressure karst strong development area

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of shield tunneling machines, in particular to a high-water-pressure karst strong development area shield tunneling machine main drive multistage double-sealing system which comprises a cutterhead, a lantern ring is arranged on the surface of one side of the cutterhead, a fixing groove is formed in one side of the lantern ring, and a first fixing sleeve is rotationally connected to an inner cavity of the fixing groove. The device has the advantage of a multi-stage sealing structure, in the actual use process, through cooperative use of the lantern ring, the fixing groove, the first fixing sleeve, the fixing column, the muck filter screen, a second spring and a limiting block, the first-stage sealing effect is achieved, the cutter head is tightly connected with the lantern ring, certain protection is provided for the cutter head, damage caused by gravel to the surface of the cutter head is reduced, and meanwhile, the service life of the cutter head is prolonged. The first fixing sleeve provides certain sealing performance, permeation of silt and water is effectively prevented, the muck filter screen further intercepts large-particle muck in the karst stratum, it is guaranteed that the silt and the water cannot enter the karst stratum easily, and the reliability of the sealing effect is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of shield machines, in particular to a multi-stage double-sealing system for the main drive of a shield machine in a high-water-pressure karst strongly developed area. Background Technique

[0002] The main drive system of a shield machine is the core part of the shield machine, responsible for providing sufficient power to drive the shield cutterhead forward. The main drive system excavates underground tunnels through the interaction with the ground soil and rock strata. In order to ensure the stability of the shield machine, the main drive system needs to have good sealing performance to avoid high water pressure and groundwater seepage into the shield machine, causing equipment damage or work interruption. There is usually a large groundwater pressure in the high-water-pressure karst strongly developed area. Traditional sealing technologies cannot cope with such high pressures. In order to improve the sealing performance and reliability, a multi-stage double-sealing system designs multiple sealing rings or sealing devices. By gradually compressing and sealing, it prevents moisture from penetrating into the main drive system. In the double-sealing system, the outer seal prevents moisture from entering initially, while the inner seal provides backup protection when the outer seal fails, thus ensuring the safety and reliability of the system.

[0003] The traditional shield machine sealing system generally adopts a single-stage sealing ring or a single-layer sealing design. Although it can withstand conventional groundwater pressure, when facing high water pressure and unstable rock strata, it is prone to seal failure, resulting in moisture penetration into the equipment and causing equipment damage. The performance of traditional sealing materials deteriorates rapidly in a high-water-pressure environment, leading to a decline in the sealing effect. Especially in karst developed areas, the complex geological environment makes it difficult for traditional sealing materials to maintain a good state for a long time. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a multi-stage double-sealing system for the main drive of a shield machine in a high-water-pressure karst strongly developed area, which has the advantages of a multi-stage sealing structure and solves the problems raised in the above background technique.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a multi-stage double-sealing system for the main drive of a shield machine in a high-water-pressure karst strongly developed area, including a cutter head. A collar is provided on the surface of one side of the cutter head. A fixing groove is opened on one side of the collar. A first fixing sleeve is rotatably connected to the inner cavity of the fixing groove. One end of the first fixing sleeve is provided with a fixing column, and the first fixing sleeve is fixedly connected to the inner cavity of the fixing column. A baffle is fixedly connected to the inner wall of one end of the fixing column. A connecting block is fixedly connected to the center of the rear surface of the cutter head. The connecting block is arranged on one side of the baffle. A circular groove is opened on the surface of the connecting block. A drive shaft is fixedly connected to the surface of the center of the connecting block. A sealing assembly is arranged on the surface of the drive shaft, and the outer walls of the sealing assembly are all arranged in the inner cavity of the baffle. A second fixing sleeve is fixedly connected to the rear side of the baffle. A plurality of first springs are fixedly connected to the inner cavity of one side of the second fixing sleeve. The other ends of the plurality of first springs are commonly fixedly connected to a sealing sleeve. The sealing sleeve is sleeved on the surface of the drive shaft. A motor box is fixedly connected to the surface of the other end of the drive shaft. A motor is fixedly connected to the inner cavity of the motor box. The output end of the motor is fixedly connected to the drive shaft. An emergency sealing groove is opened on one side of the motor box, and the emergency sealing groove is arranged at the connection between the drive shaft and the motor box. A fourth sealing ring is arranged in the inner cavity of the emergency sealing groove. The fourth sealing ring is sleeved on the surface of the drive shaft.

[0006] Further, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a muck filter screen is jointly arranged on the surfaces of the collar and the fixing column. One side of the muck filter screen is rotatably connected to the surface of the collar, and the other side of the muck filter screen is fixedly connected to the surface of the fixing column.

[0007] Further, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a groove is opened on the surface of the cutter head. A second spring is fixedly connected to the inner cavity of the collar. The other end of the second spring is fixedly connected to a limiting block. The limiting block is arranged in the inner cavity of the groove.

[0008] Further, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the sealing assembly includes a first sealing ring, a second sealing ring and a third sealing ring. The first sealing ring, the second sealing ring and the third sealing ring are sequentially arranged in the inner cavity of the baffle, and one side of the first sealing ring is arranged in the inner cavity of the circular groove.

[0009] Further, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the second sealing ring is arranged in a Y-shaped structure.

[0010] Further, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the materials of the first sealing ring, the second sealing ring and the third sealing ring are all made of but not limited to cemented carbide.

[0011] Further, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, heat dissipation holes are opened on the surface of the motor box.

[0012] Further, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the material of the fourth sealing ring is, but not limited to, expandable graphite.

[0013] Further, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, two fixing blocks are fixedly connected to the surfaces on both sides of the motor box, and the other ends of the two fixing blocks are fixedly connected to the inner cavity of the fixing column.

[0014] Beneficial effects: The technical solution of this application has the following technical effects: The present invention has the advantages of a multi-stage sealing structure. During actual use, through the combined use of the collar, fixing groove, first fixing sleeve, fixing column, muck filter screen, second spring and limiting block, it plays a role in primary sealing. The cutter head is tightly connected to the collar, providing a certain degree of protection for the cutter head and reducing the damage caused by grit to the surface of the cutter head. At the same time, the first fixing sleeve provides a certain degree of sealing performance, effectively preventing the infiltration of sediment and moisture. The muck filter screen further intercepts large-particle muck in the karst formation, ensuring that sediment and moisture are not easily introduced into the interior, and improving the reliability of the sealing effect. Through the combined use of the baffle, connecting block, circular groove, drive shaft, sealing assembly, second fixing sleeve, first spring and sealing sleeve, it plays a role in secondary sealing. Through the mutual cooperation of the baffle and the sealing assembly, the perfect fit between the sealing assembly and the drive shaft is achieved, ensuring the sealing effect. The sealing assembly adopts a three-layer structure design, effectively preventing the penetration of sediment and moisture. The first spring, through its elastic recovery effect, continuously applies pressure to the sealing sleeve, ensuring the tight fit between the sealing sleeve and the drive shaft, thereby further enhancing the sealing performance. Through the combined use of the motor box, emergency sealing groove and fourth sealing ring, it plays a role in tertiary sealing. When the first two sealing levels fail, the fourth sealing ring is made of expandable graphite material. In the case of detecting the failure of the first two levels of sealing, it automatically inflates and expands, thereby providing additional sealing protection and effectively preventing the infiltration of liquid or sediment.

[0015] It should be understood that all combinations of the foregoing concepts and additional concepts described in greater detail below can be regarded as part of the inventive subject matter of the present disclosure as long as such concepts do not contradict each other. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] The drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. They are used in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation to the present invention. In the drawings:

[0017] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 is an exploded schematic structural diagram of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3Explosion sectional view of the structure of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 4 Explosion diagram of the sealing assembly of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 5 Sectional view of the structure of the motor box of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the collar of the present invention.

[0023] In the figure, the meanings of the reference numerals are as follows: 1, cutter head; 2, collar; 3, fixing groove; 4, first fixing sleeve; 5, fixing column; 6, baffle; 7, connecting block; 8, circular groove; 9, drive shaft; 10, sealing assembly; 101, first sealing ring; 102, second sealing ring; 103, third sealing ring; 11, second fixing sleeve; 12, first spring; 13, sealing sleeve; 14, motor box; 15, motor; 16, emergency sealing groove; 17, fourth sealing ring; 18, muck filter screen; 19, second spring; 20, limiting block; 21, fixing block. Detailed implementation manners

[0024] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. In order to better understand the technical content of the present invention, specific embodiments are specifically cited and described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings as follows. In the present disclosure, various aspects of the present invention are described with reference to the accompanying drawings, and many illustrative embodiments are shown in the drawings. It should be understood that the various concepts and embodiments introduced above, as well as those described in more detail below, can be implemented in any of many ways. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] As shown in the attached Figure 1 to the attached Figure 6As shown in the figure: This embodiment provides a multi-stage double-sealing system for the main drive of a shield machine in a high-water-pressure karst strongly developed area, including a cutter head 1. A collar 2 is arranged on the surface of one side of the cutter head 1. A fixing groove 3 is opened on one side of the collar 2. A first fixing sleeve 4 is rotatably connected to the inner cavity of the fixing groove 3. One end of the first fixing sleeve 4 is provided with a fixing column 5, and the first fixing sleeve 4 is fixedly connected to the inner cavity of the fixing column 5. A baffle 6 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of one end of the fixing column 5. A connecting block 7 is fixedly connected to the center of the rear surface of the cutter head 1. The connecting block 7 is arranged on one side of the baffle 6. A circular groove 8 is opened on the surface of the connecting block 7. A driving shaft 9 is fixedly connected to the surface of the center of the connecting block 7. A sealing assembly 10 is arranged on the surface of the driving shaft 9, and the outer walls of the sealing assembly 10 are all arranged in the inner cavity of the baffle 6. A second fixing sleeve 11 is fixedly connected to the rear side of the baffle 6. A plurality of first springs 12 are fixedly connected to the inner cavity of one side of the second fixing sleeve 11. The other ends of the plurality of first springs 12 are commonly fixedly connected to a sealing sleeve 13. The sealing sleeve 13 is sleeved on the surface of the driving shaft 9. A motor box 14 is fixedly connected to the surface of the other end of the driving shaft 9. A motor 15 is fixedly connected to the inner cavity of the motor box 14. The output end of the motor 15 is fixedly connected to the driving shaft 9. An emergency sealing groove 16 is opened on one side of the motor box 14, and the emergency sealing groove 16 is arranged at the connection between the driving shaft 9 and the motor box 14. A fourth sealing ring 17 is arranged in the inner cavity of the emergency sealing groove 16. The fourth sealing ring 17 is sleeved on the surface of the driving shaft 9.

[0026] Specifically, a muck filter net 18 is jointly arranged on the surfaces of the collar 2 and the fixing column 5. One side of the muck filter net 18 is rotatably connected to the surface of the collar 2, and the other side of the muck filter net 18 is fixedly connected to the surface of the fixing column 5.

[0027] In this embodiment: Through the setting of the muck filter net 18, the main purpose is to prevent the coarse muck particles in the karst formation from entering the sealing structure. It can not only play a role in physical filtration, reduce the interference of muck on the sealing structure, but also improve the anti-seepage performance of the overall project and ensure the safe operation of the project.

[0028] Specifically, a groove is opened on the surface of the cutter head 1. A second spring 19 is fixedly connected to the inner cavity of the collar 2. The other end of the second spring 19 is fixedly connected to a limiting block 20. The limiting block 20 is arranged in the inner cavity of the groove.

[0029] In this embodiment: Through the coordinated use of the groove, the second spring 19 and the sealing assembly 10, the collar 2 can be easily and quickly installed on the surface of the cutter head 1, simplifying the installation process, ensuring the tight fit between the collar 2 and the surface of the cutter head 1, thereby improving the stability and sealing performance of the entire structure. The collar 2 forms an effective protective barrier on the surface of the cutter head 1, which can prevent the cutter head 1 from being affected by external physical impacts or abrasions during use and extend the service life of the cutter head 1.

[0030] Specifically, the sealing assembly 10 includes a first sealing ring 101, a second sealing ring 102 and a third sealing ring 103. The first sealing ring 101, the second sealing ring 102 and the third sealing ring 103 are sequentially arranged in the inner cavity of the baffle 6, and one side of the first sealing ring 101 is arranged in the inner cavity of the circular groove 8.

[0031] In this embodiment: Through the setting of the sealing assembly 10, it plays a role of secondary sealing, can effectively seal the drive shaft 9, and prevent external pollutants, liquids or gases from entering the inner cavity of the fixed column 5 through the gap between the drive shaft 9 and the baffle 6. This not only ensures the cleanliness and stability of the inner cavity environment of the fixed column 5, but also effectively prevents external factors from interfering with the internal components of the fixed column 5, thereby ensuring the normal operation of each mechanical component in the inner cavity of the fixed column 5.

[0032] Specifically, the second sealing ring 102 is arranged in a Y-shaped structure.

[0033] In this embodiment: Through the Y-shaped structure setting of the second sealing ring 102, a larger contact area can be provided, the contact force between the second sealing ring 102 and the sealing surface can be enhanced, ensuring a tighter seal and reducing the possibility of leakage.

[0034] Specifically, the materials of the first sealing ring 101, the second sealing ring 102 and the third sealing ring 103 are all made of but not limited to cemented carbide.

[0035] In this embodiment: Since the first sealing ring 101, the second sealing ring 102 and the third sealing ring 103 are all made of cemented carbide, the surface of the cemented carbide is very smooth and has a low friction coefficient. This helps to improve the sealing performance between the sealing ring and the sealing surface, reducing the possibility of medium leakage. Especially in high-pressure, high-temperature or complex medium environments, cemented carbide can ensure the effectiveness of the sealing structure.

[0036] Specifically, heat dissipation holes are provided on the surface of the motor box 14.

[0037] In this embodiment: Through the setting of the heat dissipation holes, the heat generated during the operation of the motor 15 can be effectively discharged, avoiding the accumulation of heat in the inner cavity of the motor box 14. This helps to maintain the temperature stability inside the motor 15, prevent overheating from damaging the motor 15, and also reduce the risk of efficiency decline or failure of the motor 15 caused by high temperature, thereby significantly extending the service life and reliability of the motor 15.

[0038] Specifically, the material of the fourth sealing ring 17 is made of but not limited to expandable graphite.

[0039] In this embodiment: By using expandable graphite for the fourth sealing ring 17, expandable graphite is a material with good elasticity, which can form a tight contact between the sealing surfaces, effectively preventing the leakage of fluids or gases. Its expansion characteristics enable the sealing ring to automatically expand and fill the gaps when under pressure, thereby enhancing the sealing effect and preventing the leakage of the medium.

[0040] Specifically, two fixing blocks 21 are fixedly connected to the surfaces on both sides of the motor box 14, and the other ends of the two fixing blocks 21 are fixedly connected to the inner cavity of the fixing column 5.

[0041] In this embodiment: Through the arrangement of the fixing blocks 21, the motor box 14 can be stably connected to the fixing column 5, thereby effectively improving the stability of the overall structure, ensuring that during the operation of the equipment, the motor box 14 will not loosen or fall off due to vibration, external force or other factors, avoiding potential safety hazards.

[0042] Working principle and usage process of the present invention: The user starts the motor 15, causing the motor 15 to drive the drive shaft 9 to rotate within the inner cavity of the fixed column 5. As a result, the drive shaft 9 drives the connecting block 7 to rotate. The connecting block 7 is fixedly connected to the cutter head 1, driving the cutter head 1 to rotate accordingly. The surface of the cutter head 1 is provided with grooves, and through the cooperation of the second spring 19 and the limiting block 20, the cutter head 1 is connected to the collar 2. The main function of the collar 2 is to protect the surface of the cutter head 1, reducing the damage to the surface of the cutter head 1 caused by crushed stones, thereby improving the operating stability of the cutter head 1. One side of the collar 2 is provided with a fixed groove 3, and a first fixed sleeve 4 is rotatably connected within the inner cavity of the fixed groove 3. The first fixed sleeve 4 is fixedly connected to the fixed column 5, ensuring the stable rotation of the cutter head 1 and the collar 2. This not only enhances the sealing performance but also improves the stability. A muck filter screen 18 is commonly provided on the surfaces of the collar 2 and the fixed column 5. One side of the muck filter screen 18 is rotatably connected to the surface of the collar 2, and the other side is fixedly connected to the surface of the fixed column 5. The muck filter screen 18 can effectively intercept large-particle muck in the karst formation, forming a primary sealing function through the first fixed sleeve 4 and the muck filter screen 18. On one side of the inner cavity of the fixed column 5, a baffle 6 is fixedly connected, and at the connection part of the drive shaft 9 and the baffle 6, a sealing assembly 10 is provided. The sealing assembly 10 is composed of a first sealing ring 101, a second sealing ring 102, and a third sealing ring 103, which serves to prevent sediment and moisture from entering the inner cavity of the fixed column 5 and avoid affecting the internal structure. On one side of the baffle 6, a second fixed sleeve 11 is fixedly connected. A first spring 12 is fixedly connected within the inner cavity of the second fixed sleeve 11. The first spring 12 is fixedly connected to the sealing sleeve 13. Through the elastic action of the first spring 12, an extrusion force is applied to the sealing sleeve 13 to enhance the sealing performance. When the drive shaft 9 rotates, the sealing sleeve 13 can seal the drive shaft 9. Through the combined action of the sealing assembly 10, the second fixed sleeve 11, the first spring 12, and the sealing sleeve 13, a secondary sealing is formed. On the surface of one end of the drive shaft 9, a motor box 14 is fixedly connected. An emergency sealing groove 16 is provided on one side of the motor box 14. The emergency sealing groove 16 is provided at the connection part of the drive shaft 9 and the motor box 14. Within the inner cavity of the emergency sealing groove 16, a fourth sealing ring 17 is installed. The fourth sealing ring 17 is made of an expandable graphite sealing ring. When the first two sealing structures fail, it can automatically expand and completely seal the sealing gap, preventing sediment and moisture from affecting the motor 15 and playing a role in protecting the motor 15.

[0043] It should be noted that in this article, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations.

[0044] Although the present invention has been disclosed above in preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention pertains can make various modifications and refinements without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be determined by the scope defined in the claims.

Claims

1. Shield main drive multi-stage double-sealing system in high hydraulic pressure karst strongly developed area, including cutter head (1), characterized in that: A collar (2) is provided on the surface of one side of the cutter head (1). A fixing groove (3) is formed on one side of the collar (2). A first fixing sleeve (4) is rotatably connected to the inner cavity of the fixing groove (3). One end of the first fixing sleeve (4) is provided with a fixing column (5), and the first fixing sleeve (4) is fixedly connected to the inner cavity of the fixing column (5). A baffle (6) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of one end of the fixing column (5). A connecting block (7) is fixedly connected to the center of the rear surface of the cutter head (1). The connecting block (7) is arranged on one side of the baffle (6). A circular groove (8) is formed on the surface of the connecting block (7). A driving shaft (9) is fixedly connected to the surface at the center of the connecting block (7). A sealing assembly (10) is arranged on the surface of the driving shaft (9), and the outer walls of the sealing assembly (10) are all arranged in the inner cavity of the baffle (6). A second fixing sleeve (11) is fixedly connected to the rear side of the baffle (6). A plurality of first springs (12) are fixedly connected to the inner cavity on one side of the second fixing sleeve (11). The other ends of the plurality of first springs (12) are commonly fixedly connected to a sealing sleeve (13). The sealing sleeve (13) is sleeved on the surface of the driving shaft (9). A motor box (14) is fixedly connected to the surface of the other end of the driving shaft (9). A motor (15) is fixedly connected to the inner cavity of the motor box (14). The output end of the motor (15) is fixedly connected to the driving shaft (9). An emergency sealing groove (16) is formed on one side of the motor box (14), and the emergency sealing groove (16) is arranged at the connection between the driving shaft (9) and the motor box (14). A fourth sealing ring (17) is arranged in the inner cavity of the emergency sealing groove (16). The fourth sealing ring (17) is sleeved on the surface of the driving shaft (9).

2. The main drive multi-stage double-sealing system of a shield machine in a karst area with high water pressure and strong karst development according to claim 1, characterized in that: A muck filter net (18) is jointly arranged on the surfaces of the collar (2) and the fixing column (5). One side of the muck filter net (18) is rotatably connected to the surface of the collar (2), and the other side of the muck filter net (18) is fixedly connected to the surface of the fixing column (5).

3. The multi-stage double-sealing system for the main drive of a shield machine in a high-water-pressure karst strongly developed area according to claim 1, characterized in that: A groove is formed on the surface of the cutter head (1). A second spring (19) is fixedly connected to the inner cavity of the collar (2). The other end of the second spring (19) is fixedly connected to a limiting block (20). The limiting block (20) is arranged in the inner cavity of the groove.

4. The main drive multi-stage double-sealing system of a shield machine in a highly water-pressurized karst strongly developed area according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sealing assembly (10) includes a first sealing ring (101), a second sealing ring (102) and a third sealing ring (103). The first sealing ring (101), the second sealing ring (102) and the third sealing ring (103) are sequentially arranged in the inner cavity of the baffle (6), and one side of the first sealing ring (101) is arranged in the inner cavity of the circular groove (8).

5. The main drive multi-stage double-sealing system of a shield machine in a high water pressure and strongly karst-developed area according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second sealing ring (102) is arranged in a Y-shaped structure.

6. The main drive multi-stage double-sealing system of a shield machine in a karst area with high water pressure and strong karst development according to claim 1, characterized in that: The materials of the first sealing ring (101), the second sealing ring (102) and the third sealing ring (103) are all made of, but not limited to, cemented carbide.

7. The main drive multi-stage double-sealing system of the shield machine in the high water pressure and strongly karst-developed area according to claim 1, wherein: Heat dissipation holes are formed on the surface of the motor box (14).

8. The main drive multi-stage double-sealing system for a shield machine in a karst area with high water pressure and strong karst development according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material of the fourth sealing ring (17) is made of, but not limited to, expandable graphite.

9. The main drive multi-stage double-sealing system of a shield machine in a high water pressure and strongly karst-developed area according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both sides of the motor box (14) are fixedly connected with two fixing blocks (21), and the other ends of the two fixing blocks (21) are fixedly connected to the inner cavity of the fixing column (5).

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