Liquid-gas phase change underwater launching device, test system and test method

Abstract

The present invention provides a liquid-gas phase change underwater launch device, a test system, and a test method. The liquid-gas phase change underwater launch device of the present invention includes: a phase change power assembly, a piston assembly, a launch tube, and a simulated bullet assembly; the simulated bullet assembly divides the launch tube into a first cavity, a second cavity, and a third cavity, and a reflux channel is formed between the simulated bullet assembly and the wall of the second cavity. In the design of the projectile and the launch tube, the present invention changes the traditional method of adding a seal between the projectile and the launch tube to reduce leakage, and designs a connecting area in front of and behind the projectile so that during the launch process, the water in front of the projectile can flow back to the tail of the launch tube in time, reducing the pressure difference in front and behind the projectile and reducing the water pressure resistance when the projectile is launched. The present invention uses a multi-stage piston mechanism to greatly reduce the area where deep water back pressure acts, further reducing the water pressure resistance when the projectile is launched.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of underwater launching, and in particular relates to a liquid-gas phase change underwater launching device, a test system and a test method. Background Art

[0002] Underwater launch tests generally use either self-powered hot launch or cold launch. Hot launch relies on the projectile's own thrust to complete underwater launch, requiring complex flame exhaust ducts and poor adaptability to the confined space of underwater launch platforms. Cold launch primarily relies on high-temperature, high-pressure gases such as gas and steam to propel the projectile out of the tube, moving it through the water before igniting and launching. Existing cold launch technology primarily uses high-temperature, high-pressure gas for underwater launches. This cold launch method poses challenges to underwater launch platform design, and the high-temperature, toxic gas also damages the underwater launch platform environment.

[0003] Patent application CN117570774A discloses a carbon dioxide phase-change underwater launch power device, comprising a test projectile, a watertight diaphragm, a launch tube, a sealed base, a support seat, and a phase-change power device. The test projectile and the launch tube are sealed, and the phase-change power device generates thrust to push the test projectile on the sealed base along the launch tube. However, the underwater environment is complex, and water back pressure increases, especially with increasing depth. The seal between the test projectile and the launch tube creates a large pressure differential between the front and rear of the projectile. The high-pressure gas generated by the liquid-to-gas phase change of carbon dioxide needs to overcome the water back pressure resistance during tube launch, and the work required to do is even far greater than the energy required to launch the projectile. Therefore, how to reduce water back pressure and achieve deep-water tube launch is a challenge. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to address the deficiencies of the existing technology and provide a liquid-gas phase change underwater launching device, a test system and a test method to reduce the water pressure resistance of the projectile during launch.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0006] A liquid-gas phase change underwater launching device, comprising a phase change power assembly, a piston assembly, a launching tube, and a simulation bullet assembly;

[0007] The phase change power assembly is connected to the launch tube;

[0008] The piston assembly and the simulated bullet assembly are arranged in the launch tube; the piston assembly is communicated with the phase change power assembly;

[0009] The phase change power assembly includes a phase change tube and an initial volume chamber, and the initial volume chamber is connected to the piston assembly;

[0010] The simulated bullet assembly divides the launching tube into a first cavity, a second cavity and a third cavity, and a reflux channel is formed between the simulated bullet assembly and the wall of the second cavity.

[0011] The phase-change power assembly provides a high-pressure carbon dioxide mixture through the liquid-to-gas phase transition of liquid carbon dioxide. The high-pressure mixture generated by the phase-change power assembly enters the piston assembly, which then extends under the action of the high-pressure carbon dioxide mixture and pushes the simulated projectile out of the launch tube. The return flow channel is used to divert the water flow from the third cavity to the first cavity of the launch tube to reduce the pressure difference between the front and back of the simulated projectile. In the design of the projectile and the launch tube, the present invention changes the traditional method of adding a seal between the projectile and the launch tube to reduce leakage. Instead, a return flow channel is provided between the projectile and the launch tube, and a connecting area is designed between the front and back of the projectile. This allows water in front of the projectile to flow back to the rear of the launch tube in a timely manner during the launch process, reducing the pressure difference between the front and back of the projectile, thereby reducing the water pressure resistance of the projectile during launch.

[0012] Furthermore, the area of the return flow channel is as large as possible according to size constraints, and the area of the return flow channel is greater than or equal to 1.2 times the cross-sectional area of the simulated bomb assembly.

[0013] Furthermore, the simulated bullet assembly includes a simulated bullet and a sliding guide rail, and the sliding guide rail is axially arranged on the outside of the simulated bullet.

[0014] Furthermore, the simulation missile assembly further includes an inertial group offline recorder, which can collect the sliding posture parameters of the simulation missile and record the motion posture of the simulation missile.

[0015] Furthermore, there is at least one phase change tube. By using different combinations of phase change tubes, launching power at different depths can be achieved.

[0016] Furthermore, the piston assembly includes a moving cylinder section, a fixed cylinder section, and a spring support, and the moving cylinder section is at least one section;

[0017] The moving cylinder section is arranged in the fixed cylinder section;

[0018] A sealing disc is provided at one end of the moving cylinder segment located on the innermost side of the fixed cylinder segment and away from the phase change power assembly;

[0019] The moving cylinder segment located on the innermost side of the fixed cylinder segment is connected to the phase change power assembly;

[0020] A spring support is provided at one end of the fixed cylinder section away from the phase change power assembly.

[0021] The piston assembly converts the pressure energy of the high-pressure carbon dioxide mixture into kinetic energy for the simulated projectile. During the simulated projectile's launch, the piston assembly receives the thrust of the high-pressure carbon dioxide mixture, gradually propelling the simulated projectile. This multi-stage piston mechanism significantly reduces the area affected by deep-water backpressure, further minimizing the hydraulic drag during projectile launch.

[0022] Based on the same inventive concept, the present invention also provides a liquid-gas phase change underwater launch test system, comprising the liquid-gas phase change underwater launch device and a test tank assembly;

[0023] The launching tube and the test tank assembly are coaxially arranged, the launching tube and the test tank assembly are communicated, and the launching tube is arranged outside the test tank assembly or inside the test tank assembly;

[0024] The test tank assembly is provided with a first area and a second area in sequence from the top to the bottom, the first area is a gas storage area, and the second area is a water storage area;

[0025] The height of the second area is higher than the height of the launch tube.

[0026] Under the action of high-pressure carbon dioxide mixture, the piston assembly extends and pushes the simulated bullet out of the launch tube into the test tank assembly. Water is stored in the test tank assembly to simulate the underwater environment. The gas storage area is used to add gas to change the water pressure in the test tank assembly to simulate different water depths, thereby conducting launch power tests at different water depths.

[0027] Furthermore, the volume of the first region Satisfies the following formula:

[0028]

[0029] in, Design the allowable operating pressure for the test tank assembly. is the back pressure corresponding to the test water depth, is the volume of the simulated projectile, and a is the safety factor.

[0030] Preferably, a is 1.1-1.3.

[0031] Furthermore, the liquid-gas phase change underwater launch test system further includes a measurement and control platform, which includes a water filling device, a gas filling device, and a pressure acquisition device;

[0032] The water filling device and the gas filling device are connected to the test tank assembly through pipelines;

[0033] The pressure collection device includes a first pressure sensor and a second pressure sensor. The first pressure sensor is arranged on the test tank assembly, and the second pressure sensor is arranged on the launch tube.

[0034] The test tank assembly is filled with water or gas through the measurement and control console, and the pressure inside the test tank assembly and the launch tube is monitored by a pressure sensor.

[0035] Based on the same inventive concept, the present invention also provides a liquid-gas phase change underwater launch test method, comprising the following steps:

[0036] S1. Assemble the liquid-gas phase change underwater launch test system and equip it with a phase change tube according to the test water depth;

[0037] S2. Inject water and gas into the test tank assembly;

[0038] S3. According to the preset excitation sequence, the phase change tubes are excited in sequence to conduct the test.

[0039] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0040] In the design of the projectile and the launch tube, the present invention changes the traditional method of adding a seal between the projectile and the launch tube to reduce leakage. A connecting area is designed in the front and rear of the projectile so that during the launch process, the water in front of the projectile can flow back to the rear of the launch tube in time, reducing the pressure difference between the front and rear of the projectile and reducing the water pressure resistance when the projectile is launched.

[0041] The present invention greatly reduces the deep water back pressure action area through a multi-stage piston mechanism, further reducing the water pressure resistance when the projectile is launched. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the liquid-gas phase change underwater launch test system of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the launch tube of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the piston assembly of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the liquid-gas phase change underwater launch test system of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 5 The velocity-time curve of the simulated projectile for Test 1;

[0047] Figure 6 The velocity-time curve of the simulated projectile is for Test 2;

[0048] Figure 7 This is the pressure change in the test tank of test 2;

[0049] Figure 8 The velocity-time curve of the simulated projectile for Test 3;

[0050] Figure 9 This is the pressure change in the test tank of test 3.

[0051] In the figure, 1-phase change power assembly, 11-phase change tube, 12-initial volume chamber, 2-piston assembly, 21-moving cylinder section, 211-first cylinder section, 212-second cylinder section, 213-third cylinder section, 214-fourth cylinder section, 215-sealing disc, 216-sealed cavity, 22-fixed cylinder section, 23-bullet support, 3-launching tube, 30-return flow channel, 31-first cavity, 32-second cavity, 33-third cavity, 4-simulated bomb assembly, 41-simulated bomb, 42-slide guide rail, 43-inertial group offline recorder, 5-test tank assembly, 6-measurement and control console, 51-test tank, 52-first pressure sensor, 53-pipeline, 54-second pressure sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the following embodiments. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined unless they conflict. For ease of description, the words "upper," "lower," "left," and "right" appearing below merely indicate the directions of upper, lower, left, and right relative to the accompanying drawings and do not limit the structure. Example

[0053] like Figure 1 The liquid-gas phase change underwater launch test system of this embodiment includes a phase change power assembly 1, a piston assembly 2, a launch tube 3, a simulated projectile assembly 4, a test tank assembly 5, and a measurement and control station 6. The phase change power assembly 1 is adapted to provide a high-pressure carbon dioxide mixture through a liquid-to-gas phase change of liquid carbon dioxide. The phase change power assembly 1 is connected to the piston assembly 2. The high-pressure mixed gas generated by the phase change power assembly 1 enters the piston assembly 2. The simulated projectile assembly 4 is disposed within the launch tube 3. Under the action of the high-pressure carbon dioxide mixture, the piston assembly 2 extends and propels the simulated projectile assembly 4 out of the launch tube 3 and into the test tank assembly 5. The test tank assembly 5 contains water to simulate an underwater environment. The phase change power assembly 1 is electrically connected to the measurement and control station 6 via wiring, and the measurement and control station 6 controls the phase change power assembly 1 to release the high-pressure carbon dioxide mixture. The simulated projectile assembly 4 collects attitude data offline.

[0054] The launching tube 3 and the test tank assembly 5 are connected as a whole, and the piston assembly 2 and the dummy bullet assembly 4 are soaked in water in the launching tube 3 .

[0055] The launching tube 3 can be arranged outside the test tank assembly 5, or, if the size of the test tank assembly 5 is sufficient, the launching tube 3 can also be arranged inside the test tank assembly 5.

[0056] The test tank assembly 5 is provided with a first area and a second area in sequence from the top to the bottom. The first area is a gas storage area, and the second area is a water storage area.

[0057] The water level stored in the test tank assembly 5 is higher than the height of the launch tube 3. The gas storage area is suitable for adding nitrogen to change the water pressure in the test tank assembly 5 to simulate different water depths. The water pressure is approximately equal to the nitrogen pressure added to the gas storage area.

[0058] The phase change power assembly 1 includes a phase change tube 11 and an initial volume chamber 12. The phase change tube 11 is connected to the initial volume chamber 12. The phase change tube 11 realizes the phase change of the internal liquid carbon dioxide through chemical combustion or electric heating and releases high-pressure liquid carbon dioxide mixture into the initial volume chamber 12. There is at least one phase change tube.

[0059] like Figure 3 The piston assembly 2 is specifically a multi-stage piston rod. It converts the pressure energy of the high-pressure carbon dioxide mixture into kinetic energy for the simulated projectile assembly 4. During the launch of the simulated projectile assembly 4, the piston assembly 2 withstands the thrust of the high-pressure carbon dioxide mixture, gradually propelling the simulated projectile assembly 4. The piston assembly 2 includes a moving barrel 21, a fixed barrel 22, and a sabot 23. The moving barrel 21 is mounted within the fixed barrel 22. The moving barrel 21 has a telescopic travel of 0.5m-2m and is made of aluminum alloy with a wall thickness of no less than 6mm. By adding a multi-stage piston mechanism, the area affected by deep-water backpressure is significantly reduced, thereby reducing the hydraulic resistance during projectile launch.

[0060] The moving barrel section 21 is a multi-section, hollow structure. It comprises four sections: a first barrel section 211, a second barrel section 212, a third barrel section 213, and a fourth barrel section 214. A sealing disc 215 seals the interior of the first barrel section 211 to form a sealed cavity 216, which communicates with the phase-change power assembly 1. A retaining clip 23 is located at the end of the fixed barrel section 22 facing away from the phase-change power assembly 1. The retaining clip 23 is bolted to the end of the first barrel section 211. The first, second, third, and fourth barrel sections 211, 212, 213, and 214 extend from the fixed barrel section 22 under the action of a high-pressure carbon dioxide mixture.

[0061] The diameter of the first cylinder section 211 is as small as possible while ensuring rigidity and strength, thereby reducing resistance.

[0062] like Figure 2The simulated projectile assembly 4 includes a simulated projectile 41, a slide rail 42, and an inertial group offline recorder 43. The simulated projectile 41 divides the launch tube 3 into a first cavity 31 (backpressure cavity), a second cavity 32 (slide cavity), and a third cavity 33 (delivery cavity). The slide rail 42 is axially disposed on the exterior of the simulated projectile 41 and is positioned within a chute in the second cavity 32. A return flow channel 30 is formed between the simulated projectile 41 and the walls of the second cavity 32. The return flow channel 30 is adapted to divert water from the third cavity 33 to the first cavity 31, thereby reducing the pressure differential across the front and rear of the simulated projectile 41. To ensure the desired ejection target velocity, the area of the return flow channel 30 is preferably as large as possible, subject to dimensional constraints. Experimental measurements have shown that the area of the return flow channel 30 is generally required to be greater than or equal to 1.2 times the cross-sectional area of the simulated projectile assembly 4. By ensuring a reasonable width for the return flow channel 30, sufficient clearance is created between the launch tube wall and the simulated projectile 41, allowing water in front of the simulated projectile 41 to flow back to the rear of the simulated projectile 41, reducing drag. An inertial control unit (IMU) offline recorder 43 is fixedly installed within the simulated projectile 41. This unit records the glide attitude parameters of the simulated projectile 41 offline. Specifically, the IMU 860 can be used. The parameters of the IMU 860 are shown in Table 1.

[0063] The test tank assembly 5 includes a test tank 51, which is used to store water to simulate an underwater environment. As one embodiment, the test tank 51 is set to be 5 meters in length, 1 meter in diameter, and has a pressure bearing capacity of 9.8 MPa.

[0064] The control station 6 includes a water filling device, a gas filling device, a phase change tube excitation device, and a pressure acquisition device. The water filling device and the gas filling device are connected to the test tank 51 through a pipeline 53 to inject water or nitrogen into the test tank 51. The pressure acquisition device includes a first pressure sensor 52 and a second pressure sensor 54. The first pressure sensor 52 is set on the test tank assembly 5, and the second pressure sensor 54 is set on the launch tube 3. Figure 1 、 Figure 4 .

[0065] The phase change tube excitation device is electrically connected to the phase change tube 11 through a circuit to control the phase change tube 11 to release the high-pressure carbon dioxide mixed gas.

[0066] A first pressure sensor 52 is provided at the tail end of the outer wall of the test tank 51 , and a second pressure sensor 54 is provided at the mouth of the test tank at the end of the launch tube 3 . The test tank 51 is filled with water or gas through the measurement and control console 6 .

[0067] This embodiment also provides a liquid-gas phase change underwater launch test method to implement liquid-gas phase change underwater launch tests at different depths, including the following process:

[0068] The launch tube 3, the test tank 51, and the phase change power assembly 1 are fixed coaxially and at the same level.

[0069] Turn on the inertial group offline recorder 43.

[0070] Pour water into the test tank 51 and submerge the launch tube 3 to its full height.

[0071] As the projectile is launched into the test tank 51, the gas inside the test tank 51 will be compressed and the pressure will increase. The volume of the test tank 51 not filled with water cannot be too small, otherwise the pressure will increase as the gas volume is compressed, which will endanger the safety of the test system. The design volume of the test tank 51 not filled with water should meet the following relationship:

[0072]

[0073] in, is the volume of the first region (gas storage area), Design the allowable operating pressure for the test tank assembly. is the back pressure corresponding to the test water depth, is the volume of the simulated projectile, and a is the safety factor to ensure test safety, which is recommended to be 1.1~1.3.

[0074] Nitrogen gas was filled into the test tank 51 .

[0075] The phase change power assembly 1 is equipped with a phase change tube 11 .

[0076] For the 100m water depth test simulation, the phase change power assembly 1 is equipped with four phase change tubes 11 with volumes of 0.07L, 0.07L, 0.7L, and 0.7L, respectively, and the corresponding excitation time sequence is 0ms-15ms-26ms-38ms.

[0077] For the 300m water depth test simulation, the phase change power assembly 1 is equipped with three phase change tubes 11 with volumes of 0.07L, 2.4L, and 2.4L respectively, and the corresponding excitation time sequence is 0ms-35ms-45ms.

[0078] For the 500m water depth test simulation, the phase change power assembly 1 is equipped with three phase change tubes 11 with volumes of 0.07L, 4.4L, and 4.4L respectively, and the corresponding excitation time sequence is 0ms-30ms-55ms.

[0079] The phase change tube excitation device controls the phase change tube 11 to release high-pressure carbon dioxide mixed gas for testing.

[0080] The data of the first pressure sensor 52 and the second pressure sensor 54 are obtained, and the data of the inertial group offline recorder 43 is obtained.

[0081] As one embodiment, the simulated bomb assembly 4 has a mass of 220 kg. To simulate different water depths, the test tank 51 is set to pressures of 1 MPa, 3 MPa, and 5 MPa, respectively, simulating water depths of 100 m, 300 m, and 500 m. The test parameters are shown in Table 2.

[0082] Test 1: The velocity-time curve of the simulated bullet 41 when the pressure inside the test tank 51 is 1 MPa is as follows Figure 5 As shown, the maximum speed of the simulated projectile 41 is about 12.6 m / s.

[0083] Test 2: The velocity-time curve of the simulated bullet 41 when the pressure inside the test tank 51 is 3 MPa is as follows Figure 6 The pressure changes in test tank 51 are shown in Figure 7 As shown, the maximum velocity of the simulated projectile 41 was approximately 10.22 m / s. During the ejection process, the pressure in the test tank 51 increased significantly, with the peak pressure no greater than 3.4 MPa.

[0084] Test 3: The velocity-time curve of the simulated bullet 41 when the pressure inside the test tank 51 is 5 MPa is shown in Figure 8. The pressure change inside the test tank 51 is shown in Figure 8. Figure 9 As shown, the maximum velocity of the simulated projectile 41 was approximately 9.3 m / s. During the ejection process, the pressure in the test tank 51 increased significantly, with the peak pressure no greater than 5.9 MPa.

[0085] The contents illustrated in the above embodiments should be understood as these embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the present invention, and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention. After reading the present invention, various equivalent modifications of the present invention by those skilled in the art shall fall within the scope defined by the claims attached to this application.

Claims

1. A liquid-gas phase change underwater launch test system, characterized in that: including a liquid-gas phase change underwater launching device and a test tank assembly (5); The liquid-gas phase change underwater launching device comprises a phase change power assembly (1), a piston assembly (2), a launching tube (3), and a simulated bullet assembly (4); The phase change power assembly (1) is connected to the launch tube (3); The piston assembly (2) and the simulated bullet assembly (4) are arranged in the launch tube (3), and the piston assembly (2) and the phase change power assembly (1) are in communication; The phase change power assembly (1) comprises a phase change tube (11) and an initial volume chamber (12), wherein the initial volume chamber (12) is in communication with the piston assembly (2); The simulated bullet assembly (4) divides the launch tube (3) into a first cavity (31), a second cavity (32), and a third cavity (33), and a return flow channel (30) is formed between the simulated bullet assembly (4) and the wall of the second cavity (32); The launch tube (3) and the test tank assembly (5) are coaxially arranged, the launch tube (3) and the test tank assembly (5) are communicated, and the launch tube (3) is arranged outside the test tank assembly (5) or inside the test tank assembly (5); The test tank assembly (5) is provided with a first area and a second area in sequence from the top to the bottom, the first area is a gas storage area, and the second area is a water storage area; The height of the second area is higher than the height of the launch tube (3); The volume of the first region Satisfies the following formula: ； in, Design the allowable operating pressure for the test tank assembly. is the back pressure corresponding to the test water depth, is the volume of the simulated projectile, and a is the safety factor.

2. The liquid-gas phase change underwater launch test system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The area of the return flow channel (30) is greater than or equal to 1.2 times the cross-sectional area of the simulated bullet assembly (4).

3. The liquid-gas phase change underwater launch test system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The simulated bullet assembly (4) comprises a simulated bullet (41) and a sliding guide rail (42), wherein the sliding guide rail (42) is axially arranged outside the simulated bullet (41).

4. The liquid-gas phase change underwater launch test system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The simulated missile assembly (4) further includes an inertial group offline recorder (43).

5. The liquid-gas phase change underwater launch test system according to claim 1, characterized in that: There is at least one phase change tube (11).

6. The liquid-gas phase change underwater launch test system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The piston assembly (2) comprises a moving cylinder section (21), a fixed cylinder section (22), and a cartridge case (23), wherein the moving cylinder section (21) is at least one section; The moving barrel section (21) is arranged inside the fixed barrel section (22); A sealing disc (215) is provided at one end of the moving cylinder section (21) located on the innermost side of the fixed cylinder section (22) and away from the phase change power assembly (1); The moving cylinder segment (21) located at the innermost side of the fixed cylinder segment (22) is connected to the phase change power assembly (1); A spring support (23) is provided at one end of the fixed barrel section (22) away from the phase change power assembly (1).

7. The liquid-gas phase change underwater launch test system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid-gas phase change underwater launch test system further comprises a measurement and control platform (6), wherein the measurement and control platform (6) comprises a water filling device, a gas filling device, and a pressure acquisition device; The water filling device and the gas filling device are connected to the test tank assembly (5) through a pipeline; The pressure collection device comprises a first pressure sensor (52) and a second pressure sensor (54), wherein the first pressure sensor (52) is arranged on the test tank assembly (5), and the second pressure sensor (54) is arranged on the launch tube (3).

8. A liquid-gas phase change underwater launch test method, characterized in that: The liquid-gas phase change underwater launch test system according to any one of claims 1 to 7 is used, comprising the following steps: S1. Assemble the liquid-gas phase change underwater launch test system and equip it with a phase change tube according to the test water depth; S2. Inject water and gas into the test tank assembly; S3. According to the preset excitation sequence, the phase change tubes are excited in sequence to conduct the test.

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