Offshore floating type low-altitude waveguide all-weather detection method and system

Abstract

The invention discloses an offshore floating type low-altitude waveguide all-weather detection method and system, and relates to the technical field of marine environment monitoring and electronic information engineering.The method comprises the steps that the current weather condition is judged according to a rain intensity sensor, a miniature weather station, a visibility sensor and an infrared cloud measurement sensor; obtaining a temperature and humidity value range according to the current weather condition, and adding liquid water for correction according to the weather condition; a simulated brightness temperature is obtained according to a MonoRTM model by combining an air pressure profile constructed by sea surface air pressure and a pressure height formula; designing a multi-objective genetic inversion algorithm, constructing an objective function, and when the objective function obtains a minimum value, obtaining an inverted atmospheric parameter profile group; and according to the atmospheric parameter profile group, calculating an atmospheric refractive index profile, judging whether a low-altitude waveguide occurs or not, and uploading a result to a shore station data management center. According to the invention, the atmospheric absorption coefficient is corrected according to different weathers, and all-weather and high-precision monitoring of the low-altitude waveguide on the offshore floating platform is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical fields of marine environmental monitoring and electronic information engineering, and in particular to an all-weather detection method and system for low-altitude waveguides on floating sea platforms. Background Art

[0002] Atmospheric duct is an important environmental factor that causes the abnormal operation of radar detection systems and communication systems. It can capture radio waves above 30 MHz and propagate them with extremely low attenuation beyond the line-of-sight range. For radar systems, atmospheric ducts can form radar holes and blind spots, or cause the radar beam to propagate beyond the line of sight, greatly increasing the radar's detection range.

[0003] In the marine atmospheric environment, three types of atmospheric ducts usually occur: evaporation ducts, surface ducts (also known as ground ducts), and elevated ducts (also known as suspended ducts). Among them, evaporation ducts generally occur in the near-sea surface atmosphere below 40 meters in the marine atmospheric environment, and are an atmospheric stratification formed due to the sharp decrease in atmospheric humidity with height caused by water vapor evaporation. Surface ducts are atmospheric ducts with the lower boundary connected to the ground surface, and generally occur in the boundary layer atmosphere below 300 meters. Elevated ducts are atmospheric ducts with the lower boundary suspended, and generally occur in the lower troposphere below 3 km. The latter two types of atmospheric ducts are generally collectively referred to as low-altitude waveguides. All kinds of marine activities and most radio systems occur in this space. Signal loss of lock, communication delay, and even changes in signal propagation paths and ranges caused by atmospheric ducts, which in turn lead to abnormal operation of shipborne radars and satellite navigation and positioning systems, have always been major safety hazards in marine activities. At the same time, atmospheric ducts can also increase the errors in radar ranging, angle measurement, and speed measurement, enhance radar clutter, and have a greater impact on radio communication.

[0004] However, due to the harsh marine weather and complex and changeable environment, it is very difficult to obtain high spatio-temporal resolution and high-precision atmospheric duct data by means such as sounding balloons, satellite remote sensing, and aerial remote sensing. Radar / sounding observations in ocean areas have problems such as low spatio-temporal resolution, weak anti-interference ability, and difficulty in continuous monitoring. Conventional stratified meteorological observations can complete the monitoring of evaporation ducts based on the Monin-Obukhov similarity theory and by inverting the basic layer atmospheric data on the ground (sea) surface according to the atmospheric boundary layer theory, but cannot conduct real-time detection of surface ducts and suspended ducts. Existing methods (such as infrared or microwave remote sensing on floating platforms such as buoys) are based on the atmospheric radiation transfer model under clear sky conditions, and have insufficient simulation ability under non-clear sky conditions, cannot observe all-weather, and have large errors on cloudy or rainy days. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To overcome the above problems existing in the prior art, the present invention proposes an all-weather detection method and system for low-altitude waveguides of offshore floating type.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is: an all-weather detection method for low-altitude waveguides of offshore floating type, including the following steps: Step 1, judge the current weather condition according to the rain intensity sensor, the micro meteorological station, the visibility sensor and the infrared cloud detection sensor, and obtain the temperature and humidity value range according to the current weather condition; Step 2, according to the temperature and humidity value range in Step 1, combined with the air pressure profile constructed by the sea surface air pressure and the hypsometric formula, obtain the simulated brightness temperature according to the MonoRTM model and ; Step 3, design a multi-objective genetic inversion algorithm, set constraint conditions, and construct an objective function: ; Among them, F is the objective function of the K-band channel of the microwave radiometer, is the simulated brightness temperature of the K-band, is the measured brightness temperature of the K-band channel of the microwave radiometer; G is the objective function of the V-band channel of the microwave radiometer, is the simulated brightness temperature of the V-band, is the measured brightness temperature of the V-band channel measured by the microwave radiometer; Step 4, according to the multi-objective genetic inversion algorithm in Step 3, when the objective functions F and G obtain the minimum values, obtain the inverted atmospheric parameter profile group ; Step 5, according to the atmospheric parameter profile group obtained in Step 4, calculate the atmospheric refractive index profile, judge whether there is a low-altitude waveguide, and upload the result to the shore station data management center.

[0007] For the above all-weather detection method for low-altitude waveguides of offshore floating type, the specific content of Step 1 is as follows: Step 1.1, count the atmospheric temperature and humidity of each layer of the near-shore sounding station to obtain the empirical temperature and humidity value range , where i represents the i-th layer, is the minimum temperature of the i-th layer, is the maximum temperature of the i-th layer, is the minimum humidity of the i-th layer, is the maximum temperature of the i-th layer; Step 1.2, judge whether it is a rainy day through the rain intensity sensor. If it is a rainy day, enter Step 1.8, otherwise enter Step 1.3; Step 1.3, judge whether it is a foggy day according to the micro meteorological station and the visibility sensor. If it is a foggy day, enter Step 1.6, otherwise, enter Step 1.4; Step 1.4, judging whether it is cloudy or not according to the infrared cloud measuring sensor, if it is cloudy, proceed to step 1.7; otherwise, proceed to step 1.5; Step 1.5, set the constraint function , that is, the humidity of all layers is below 85; Step 1.6, set constraint function , That is, the humidity of all layers is below 95, and at least two layers have a relative humidity above 85; Step 1.7, set constraint function , That is, the humidity of all layers is below 95, and there is only one layer with a relative humidity above 85; Step 1.8, set the constraint function , that is, there is a layer with a relative humidity above 95.

[0008] In the above-mentioned offshore floating low-altitude waveguide all-weather detection method, the step 2 is specifically as follows: For sunny days, a set of pressure profiles are randomly constructed based on the range of temperature and humidity values ​​and the pressure profiles constructed by combining the sea surface pressure and pressure height formula. , edit the input configuration file tape5 of the MonoRTM model, run the model, and obtain the simulated brightness temperature; In the case of clouds, fog or rainfall, liquid water information is added to the MonoRTM model configuration file tape7. When the relative humidity of the altitude layer is less than 85%, the liquid water concentration is 0; when the relative humidity is greater than 95%, the liquid water concentration is 2.0g / m 2 ; When the relative humidity is 85%~95%, the liquid water concentration satisfies the linear relationship, and it is assumed that the water content in the cloud is evenly distributed in the vertical direction; after adding liquid water to the configuration file, the MonoRTM model is driven again to obtain the simulated brightness temperature.

[0009] In the above-mentioned offshore floating low-altitude waveguide all-weather detection method, in step 3, the constraints of the multi-target genetic inversion algorithm are: sea level temperature and humidity measured by the micro-meteorological station; temperature, humidity and air pressure at a limited altitude layer measured by a multi-rotor meteorological drone.

[0010] In the above-mentioned offshore floating low-altitude waveguide all-weather detection method, the step 4 is specifically: driving the multi-objective genetic inversion algorithm to obtain a temperature and humidity profile group that satisfies the minimization of the objective functions F and G, and taking the mean of the temperature profile group as the inverted temperature profile , take the mean of the humidity profile group as the inverted humidity profile , combined pressure profile , an inverted set of atmospheric parameter profiles is obtained .

[0011] For the above-mentioned all-weather detection system and method for low-altitude duct over the sea, step 5 is specifically as follows: The calculation formula for the atmospheric refractive index profile is: ; where, is the absolute temperature, is the partial pressure of water vapor, is the air pressure; When radio waves are transmitted over a long distance, the atmospheric modified refractive index is introduced: ; where, r0 is the average radius of the Earth, is the altitude; Detect the slope of the atmospheric modified refractive index profile. When the situation of is detected, it indicates that trapped refraction occurs in the atmosphere, and this layer of the atmosphere is the trapped layer, that is, it indicates the occurrence of an atmospheric duct, and it is determined that a low-altitude atmospheric duct occurs and an alarm is issued; Through the data transmission and remote monitoring module, the low-altitude duct data over the sea monitored in real time by the floating platform is uploaded to the shore station data management center. After being fused and processed by the command and control unit, the inversion result or recommended decision is then fed back to the users of each platform over the sea.

[0012] An all-weather detection system for low-altitude duct over the sea, which is used to implement an all-weather detection method for low-altitude duct over the sea as described above, includes a microwave radiometer, a micro-meteorological station for measuring conventional meteorological elements at sea level, an attitude measurement module for monitoring the motion attitude of the floating platform, a multi-rotor meteorological unmanned aerial vehicle for carrying meteorological sensors, an infrared cloud height sensor for measuring the temperature of the cloud base at the zenith, a visibility sensor for measuring the sea surface visibility, a rain intensity sensor for measuring the sea surface rainfall intensity, a data transmission and remote monitoring module, a power supply module for power supply, and a main control and data acquisition module for receiving and processing sensor data.

[0013] The above-mentioned all-weather detection system for low-altitude duct over the sea further includes a weather phenomenon sensor for continuously monitoring and identifying the current weather condition, and also includes a small workstation / server for storing the original data collected in the system and the intermediate data generated by calculation, and providing high-performance computing support for the inversion algorithm.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows. The present invention discloses an all-weather detection system and method for low-altitude waveguides on a floating sea platform. The system can be carried on floating platforms such as ocean buoys, observation stations, and ships. Compared with the prior art, the system can detect silently for a long time in place, facilitating the hiding of its own target; the system has a high degree of automation and does not require special personnel on duty; it has a certain penetration ability for clouds and fog, and has a large detection range; the system is independent and will not interfere with other equipment and systems. Multiple units can be networked for joint encryption and tomography observation; it can detect sea surface waveguides and elevated waveguides in real time day and night under all weather conditions; for different weather conditions, temperature and humidity are corrected, and the monitoring of low-altitude atmospheric waveguides is more accurate. Description of the Drawings

[0015] Figure 1 is the flow chart of the present invention; Figure 2 is the schematic diagram of the automatic weather recognition process of the present invention. Detailed Embodiments

[0016] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of the present invention, the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0017] This embodiment discloses an all-weather detection method for low-altitude waveguides on a floating sea platform, as Figure 1 shown, including the following steps: Step 1, determine the current weather condition according to the rain intensity sensor, micro meteorological station, visibility sensor, and infrared cloud detection sensor, and obtain the temperature and humidity value range based on the current weather condition, as Figure 2 shown.

[0018] Principle of weather judgment: Judgment of rainy days: First, determine whether the rain intensity sensor has collected data. If there is data, it is determined that it is a rainy day, and at this time, the subsequent judgment process does not need to continue, and directly enter the corresponding rainy day processing link.

[0019] Judgment of foggy days: When the rain intensity sensor does not detect data, according to the measurement data of the micro meteorological station and visibility sensor, if the relative humidity ≥ 80% and the visibility ≤ 200 meters, it is determined that it is a foggy day, and the subsequent judgment process also pauses, and corresponding processing is carried out according to the foggy day situation.

[0020] Judgment of cloudy or sunny days: When it does not belong to the above rainy and foggy days, it is judged according to the radiation bright temperature collected by the infrared cloud detection sensor. If the radiation bright temperature is higher than (tentatively set at 220K, which can be dynamically adjusted later through the data transmission and remote monitoring module), it is judged as a cloudy day; while when the radiation bright temperature is lower than , it is judged as clear sky, and subsequent corresponding actions such as recording or waiting operations are carried out according to the corresponding weather conditions.

[0021] In this embodiment, a weather phenomenon sensor is also provided, which can continuously monitor and identify the current weather conditions (sunny day, foggy day, cloudy day, rainy day), and serve as an auxiliary judgment for weather judgment here.

[0022] Step 1 is specifically as follows: Step 1.1: Statistically analyze the atmospheric temperature and humidity of each layer of the offshore sounding station to obtain the empirical temperature and humidity value range , where i represents the i-th layer, is the minimum temperature of the i-th layer, is the maximum temperature of the i-th layer, is the minimum humidity of the i-th layer, is the maximum temperature of the i-th layer; Step 1.2: Judge whether it is a rainy day through the rainfall intensity sensor. If it is a rainy day, go to Step 1.8; otherwise, go to Step 1.3; Step 1.3: Judge whether it is a foggy day according to the micro meteorological station and visibility sensor. If it is a foggy day, go to Step 1.6; otherwise, go to Step 1.4; Step 1.4: Judge whether it is a cloudy day according to the infrared cloud detection sensor. If it is a cloudy day, go to Step 1.7; otherwise, go to Step 1.5; Step 1.5: Set the constraint function , that is, the humidity of all layers is below 85; Step 1.6: Set the constraint function , that is, the humidity of all layers is below 95, and at least two layers have a relative humidity above 85; Step 1.7: Set the constraint function , that is, the humidity of all layers is below 95, and there is exactly one layer with a relative humidity above 85; Step 1.8: Set the constraint function , that is, there is one layer with a relative humidity above 95. Step 2: According to the temperature and humidity value range in Step 1, combined with the pressure profile constructed by the sea surface pressure and the hypsometric formula, obtain the simulated brightness temperature according to the MonoRTM model and .

[0023] The MonoRTM model is an atmospheric radiation transmission model that is particularly suitable for microwaves. This patent uses the MonoRTM model to calculate the simulated brightness temperature. In the model configuration file, set the temperature profile, pressure profile, height profile, humidity profile, number of channels, channel wave number and other information, and then compile with the model's own spectral data file to obtain the corresponding simulated brightness temperature. Among the above variables, the number of microwave radiometer channels is fixed; the height resolution is fixed; the observation channel frequency ( ) to channel wave number ( ) is , where c is the speed of light, in units of The pressure profile can be calculated from the pressure measured by the micro-meteorological station using the empirical pressure formula. The empirical pressure formula is: ; in, Represents the height in units of m , is the surface air pressure in hPa.

[0024] Specifically in step 2: For sunny days, a set of pressure profiles are randomly constructed based on the range of temperature and humidity values ​​and the pressure profiles constructed by combining the sea surface pressure and pressure height formula. , edit the input configuration file tape5 of the MonoRTM model, run the model, and obtain the simulated brightness temperature; in the case of clouds, fog or rainfall, add liquid water information to the MonoRTM model configuration file tape7. When the relative humidity at the altitude layer is less than 85%, the liquid water concentration is 0; when the relative humidity is greater than 95%, the liquid water concentration is 2.0g / m 2 ; When the relative humidity is 85%~95%, the liquid water concentration satisfies the linear relationship, and it is assumed that the water content in the cloud is evenly distributed in the vertical direction; the simulated brightness temperature is calculated.

[0025] Step 3: Design a multi-objective genetic inversion algorithm and construct the objective function: ; Among them, F is the K-band channel objective function of the microwave radiometer, is the simulated brightness temperature in the K band, is the measured brightness temperature of the microwave radiometer K-band channel; G is the objective function of the microwave radiometer V-band channel, is the simulated brightness temperature in the V band, Measure brightness temperature for the V-band channel of the Microwave Radiometer.

[0026] Constraints of the multi-objective genetic algorithm: (1) Sea level temperature and humidity measured by a micro-weather station. (2) Temperature, humidity, and pressure at a limited altitude measured by a multi-rotor meteorological drone.

[0027] Parameter initialization of the multi-objective genetic algorithm: (1) set the population size to 100, (2) set the genetic generation number to 5, (3) set the crossover rate to 0.6, and set the mutation rate to 0.2.

[0028] Step 4: According to the multi-objective genetic inversion algorithm of step 3, when the objective functions F and G reach the minimum value, the inverted atmospheric parameter profile group is obtained. Drive the multi-objective genetic inversion algorithm to obtain the temperature and humidity profile group that satisfies the objective functions F and G, and take the mean of the temperature profile group as the inverted temperature profile , take the mean of the humidity profile group as the inverted humidity profile , combined pressure profile , and obtain the inverted atmospheric parameter profile group .

[0029] Step 5: Calculate the atmospheric refractive index profile according to the atmospheric parameter profile group obtained in step 4, determine whether a low-altitude waveguide occurs, and upload the result to the shore station data management center.

[0030] Calculation of marine atmospheric ducts, In the radio band, the atmospheric refractive index can be expressed as: ; in, represents the refractive index dry term, represents the refractive index wet term, is the total atmospheric pressure, is the dry air partial pressure, is the water vapor partial pressure, , is the temperature in Kelvin.

[0031] It can be approximately expressed as the following equation: ; In the formula, is the absolute temperature, is the wet partial pressure, is the air pressure in .

[0032] When radio waves are transmitted over long distances, the effect of the earth's curvature must be taken into account. For this purpose, the atmospheric correction refractive index is introduced. ,in, is the average radius of the Earth, usually taken as , is the height, the corrected refractive index is dimensionless.

[0033] When detected When trapping refraction occurs in the atmosphere, this layer of the atmosphere is the trapping layer, which means that an atmospheric duct appears, indicating that a low-altitude atmospheric duct has occurred, and an alarm is issued.

[0034] Adopt a space-based Internet of Things + edge computing architecture to upload the low-altitude duct data over the sea monitored by the floating platform in real time to the shore station data management center. After being fused and processed by the command and control unit, the inversion results or recommended decisions are then fed back to the users of each platform over the sea. The data transmission and remote monitoring module realizes the interaction with the shore station and can complete the modification of the radiation brightness temperature thresholds of cloudy and clear skies. Modification.

[0035] Based on the above detection method, this embodiment also discloses an all-weather detection system for low-altitude ducts over floating platforms on the sea, including: 1. Microwave radiometer By receiving the microwave brightness temperature transmitted by atmospheric radiation, the atmospheric temperature, humidity profile, etc. are inverted.

[0036] 2. Miniature weather station Measure the conventional meteorological elements at sea level, such as atmospheric temperature, relative humidity, air pressure, wind speed, wind direction, etc., and provide initial constraint conditions for the inversion algorithm.

[0037] 3. Attitude measurement module The floating platform on the sea undergoes attitude movements affected by wind, swell, waves, and currents. The microwave radiometer actually receives the atmospheric microwave brightness temperature on the slant path. Real-time monitor the movement attitude of the floating platform, including pitch, roll, and yaw angles. Calculate the actual observed zenith angle from the attitude angles (this part is prior art and will not be elaborated here).

[0038] 4. Multi-rotor meteorological UAV The multi-rotor meteorological UAV is equipped with lightweight meteorological sensors to measure the atmospheric temperature, humidity, air pressure and other parameters in a limited vertical layer (several or more than a dozen layers). As supplementary constraint conditions, it assists the inversion process of the microwave radiometer and accelerates the convergence of the multi-objective optimization function.

[0039] 5. Infrared cloud sensor Measure information such as the cloud base temperature at the zenith, and provide necessary cloud liquid water information for the inversion calculation of the microwave radiometer under cloudy sky conditions.

[0040] 6. Visibility sensor Measure the sea surface visibility and provide necessary information for foggy weather judgment and fog liquid water information.

[0041] 7. Rain intensity sensor Measure the sea surface rainfall intensity and provide necessary information for rainy weather judgment and rain attenuation.

[0042] 8. Weather phenomenon sensor Continuously monitor and identify the current weather conditions (sunny, cloudy, foggy, rainy) as an auxiliary judgment for weather determination.

[0043] 9. Master Control and Data Acquisition Module As the core of the entire system, it is responsible for receiving and processing data from various sensors and controlling the operation of the equipment.

[0044] 10. Intelligent Power Supply Module Provide a stable and reliable power supply for the entire floating platform, combine multiple power supply methods such as solar energy, wind energy, wave energy, fuel cells, and storage batteries, and perform intelligent power management to ensure the long-term stable operation of the system.

[0045] 11. High-Performance Small Server Used to store a large amount of data collected and generated in the system, run complex data processing, and provide high-performance computing support for the inversion algorithm.

[0046] 12. Data Transmission and Remote Monitoring Module Responsible for transmitting the real-time inversion results at sea, and receiving shore station feedback (such as model parameter adjustment) and remotely monitoring the working status.

[0047] The above embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications or equivalent replacements within the essence and protection scope of the present invention, and such modifications or equivalent replacements should also be regarded as falling within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An all-weather detection method for low-altitude duct on the sea surface, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: Step 1: Determine the current weather condition based on the rainfall intensity sensor, micro meteorological station, visibility sensor, and infrared cloud sensor, and obtain the temperature and humidity value range according to the current weather condition; Step 2: According to the temperature and humidity value range in Step 1, combined with the pressure profile constructed by the sea surface pressure and the hypsometric formula, the simulated brightness temperature is obtained according to the MonoRTM model and ; Step 3: Design a multi-objective genetic inversion algorithm, set constraint conditions, and construct an objective function: ； Among them, F is the objective function of the K-band channel of the microwave radiometer, is the simulated brightness temperature of the K-band, is the measured brightness temperature of the K-band channel of the microwave radiometer; G is the objective function of the V-band channel of the microwave radiometer, is the simulated brightness temperature of the V-band, is the measured brightness temperature of the V-band channel measured by the microwave radiometer; Step 4. According to the multi-objective genetic inversion algorithm in Step 3, when the objective functions F and G reach their minimum values, the inverted atmospheric parameter profile group is obtained. ; Step 5: According to the atmospheric parameter profile group obtained in Step 4, calculate the atmospheric refractive index profile, determine whether there is a low-altitude duct, and upload the result to the shore station data management center.

2. The all-weather detection method for low-altitude waveguide on a floating platform at sea according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific content of Step 1 is as follows: Step 1.1, statistically analyze the atmospheric temperature and humidity of each layer of the nearshore sounding station to obtain the empirical temperature and humidity value range , where i represents the i-th layer, is the minimum temperature of the i-th layer, is the maximum temperature of the i-th layer, is the minimum humidity of the i-th layer, is the maximum temperature of the i-th layer; Step 1.2: Determine whether it is a rainy day through the rainfall intensity sensor. If it is a rainy day, enter Step 1.8; otherwise, enter Step 1.3; Step 1.3: Determine whether it is a foggy day based on the micro meteorological station and visibility sensor. If it is a foggy day, enter Step 1.6; otherwise, enter Step 1.4; Step 1.4: Determine whether it is a cloudy day according to the infrared cloud sensor. If it is a cloudy day, enter Step 1.7; otherwise, enter Step 1.5; Step 1.5, set the constraint function , that is, the humidity of all layers is below 85; Step 1.6: Set a constraint function ， That is, the humidity of all layers is below 95, and at least two layers have a relative humidity above 85; Step 1.7: Set a constraint function ， That is, the humidity of all layers is below 95, and there is exactly one layer with a relative humidity above 85; Step 1.8, set the constraint function , that is, there is a layer with a relative humidity above 95%.

3. A method for all-weather detection of low-altitude waveguides of a floating type at sea according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific content of Step 2 is as follows: For sunny days, according to the temperature and humidity value range, combined with the sea surface pressure and the pressure-height formula to construct the pressure profile, randomly construct a set of , edit the input configuration file tape5 of the MonoRTM model, run the model, and obtain the simulated brightness temperature; In the case of cloud, fog or rainfall, liquid water information is added to the MonoRTM model configuration file tape7. When the relative humidity of the altitude layer is less than 85%, the liquid water concentration is taken as 0; when the relative humidity is greater than 95%, the liquid water concentration is taken as 2.0 g / m 2 ; while when the relative humidity is 85% - 95%, the value of the liquid water concentration satisfies a linear relationship, and it is assumed that the water content in the cloud is evenly distributed in the vertical direction; after adding liquid water to the configuration file, the MonoRTM model is driven to run again to obtain the simulated brightness temperature.

4. A method for all-weather detection of low-altitude waveguides in a floating structure on the sea according to claim 1, characterized in that, In Step 3, the constraint conditions of the multi-objective genetic inversion algorithm are: the sea level temperature and humidity measured by the micro meteorological station; the temperature, humidity, and air pressure at a limited height layer measured by the multi-rotor meteorological unmanned aerial vehicle.

5. A method for all-weather detection of low-altitude waveguides in a floating type at sea according to claim 1, characterized in that The step 4 is specifically as follows: driving the multi-objective genetic inversion algorithm to run, obtaining a temperature and humidity profile group that satisfies the minimization of the objective functions F and G, and taking the mean of the temperature profile group as the inverted temperature profile. , take the mean of the humidity profile group as the inverted humidity profile , combined pressure profile , and obtain the inverted atmospheric parameter profile group .

6. The all-weather detection method for low-altitude duct on the sea floating type according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific content of Step 5 is as follows: The formula for calculating the atmospheric refractive index profile is: ； wherein, is the absolute temperature, is the partial pressure of moisture, is the atmospheric pressure; When radio waves are transmitted over a long distance, the atmospheric modified refractive index is introduced: ； where r0 is the mean radius of the Earth, is the height; Detect the slope of the atmospheric modified refractive index profile. When the situation of is detected, it indicates that trapped refraction occurs in the atmosphere, and this layer of the atmosphere is a trapped layer, that is, it means that an atmospheric duct appears. It is determined that a low-altitude atmospheric duct occurs and an alarm is issued; The low-altitude duct data on the sea surface monitored in real time by the floating platform is uploaded to the shore station data management center through the data transmission and remote monitoring module. After being fused and processed by the command and control unit, the inversion result or recommended decision is then fed back to the users of each platform on the sea.

7. An all-weather detection system for low-altitude duct on the sea surface, characterized in that, It is used to implement a method for all-weather detection of low-altitude ducts on a floating sea surface as described in any one of claims 1-6, including a microwave radiometer, a micro meteorological station for measuring conventional meteorological elements at sea level, an attitude measurement module for monitoring the motion attitude of the floating platform, a multi-rotor meteorological unmanned aerial vehicle for carrying meteorological sensors, an infrared cloud sensor for measuring the temperature of the zenith cloud base, a visibility sensor for measuring the sea surface visibility, a rainfall intensity sensor for measuring the sea surface rainfall intensity, a data transmission and remote monitoring module for shore / sea interaction, a power supply module for power supply, and a main control and data acquisition module for receiving and processing sensor data.

8. The all-weather detection system for low-altitude duct on the sea surface according to claim 7, wherein, It further includes a weather phenomenon sensor for continuously monitoring and identifying the current weather condition, and a small workstation / server for storing the original data collected in the system and the intermediate data generated by calculations, and providing high-performance computing support for the inversion algorithm.

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