Distributed energy microgrid control system and use method

Abstract

The invention discloses a distributed energy microgrid control system and a use method. The method is tightly matched with the system. Firstly, the specific controller is provided, and then the processor executes the scheduling controller function module in the memory. After receiving the total load power demand and the distributed energy operation constraint, the scheduling controller function module firstly judges whether enough power supply load exists or not, then determines the energy needing to be adjusted, finally realizes reasonable adjustment of each distributed energy power output, ensures stable and efficient operation of the micro-grid under different working conditions, and improves the working efficiency of the micro-grid. The advantages of distributed energy are fully exerted, and the energy utilization efficiency and the system reliability are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of microgrid control, and particularly relates to a microgrid control system for distributed energy and a usage method thereof. Background Art

[0002] As a collection of distributed energy and loads, the microgrid plays a key role in power distribution and can be connected to the grid or operate independently. In the autonomous mode, microgrids in remote areas often rely on fossil fuel thermoelectric facilities such as diesel generator sets. Due to their high costs, the operation, control, and maintenance costs are significantly increased.

[0003] With the development of renewable energy, intermittent energy sources such as solar power plants and wind farms are gradually integrated into the microgrid. In the grid-connected system, in addition to serving internal loads, the microgrid also has power interaction with the main grid. The power plant mainly aims to make a profit by transmitting power to the main grid. However, different distributed energy sources have their own characteristics and operation constraint rules. For example, diesel generators have an optimal load set point, minimum load, and switching period limitations; wind power generation is restricted by wind intensity, and solar energy is affected by the amount of sunlight. This makes traditional energy management and control systems face difficulties in coordinating different energy sources.

[0004] Currently, there are various operation schemes for microgrids and power plants, covering load frequency control, economic dispatch control, etc. However, with the wide application of renewable energy and battery energy storage systems, traditional control schemes are difficult to adapt to the new energy pattern. On the one hand, the number of heterogeneous distributed energy sources increases, and customized logic is required to optimize diverse power flows and determine the usage priorities of different types of distributed energy sources. On the other hand, with the emergence of new technologies, there is an urgent need to simplify the control system configuration, improve performance, and key performance indicators. Existing technologies have obvious deficiencies in integrating different distributed energy sources and achieving efficient operation. It is impossible to achieve the optimal utilization of microgrid resources based on a simple, user-friendly, and configurable system according to the type of distributed energy source, and it is difficult to meet the complex and changing operation requirements of microgrids and power plants. There is an urgent need for new solutions to break through these technical bottlenecks. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a microgrid control system for distributed energy and a usage method thereof, so as to solve problems such as high energy costs, complex control, difficulty in coordinating different energy sources, and difficulty in meeting various constraint conditions in the prior art, realize the efficient and stable operation of microgrids and power plants, and effectively address the challenges faced by distributed energy in the application of microgrids.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A microgrid control system for distributed energy, comprising: Multiple distributed energy sources for providing power to the microgrid; Multiple loads, connected to the microgrid and the multiple distributed energy sources; A controller, connected to the microgrid, the distributed energy sources, and the loads. The controller includes a processor and a memory, the processor is connected to the memory and has a scheduling controller functional module. The scheduling controller functional module has the following functions: enabling the processor to receive the total power demand of all the loads connected to the microgrid and obtain at least one operation constraint information corresponding to the multiple distributed energy sources, enabling the processor to determine whether sufficient power can be obtained from the multiple distributed energy sources for the loads to use; determining multiple available distributed energy sources that need to be adjusted, and guiding the controller to reasonably adjust the power output of each distributed energy source to ensure power supply-demand balance.

[0007] A further improvement of the present invention is that the microgrid is connected to the main grid, and the scheduling controller functional module is further configured to: receive at least one operation constraint provided by the main grid, and the main grid operation constraint includes the up / down maximum load; enabling the controller to determine whether sufficient power can be imported from the main grid for the multiple loads to use.

[0008] A further improvement of the present invention is that the controller uses the main grid operation constraint and the up / down maximum load through the scheduling controller functional module to determine whether the distributed energy sources generate sufficient power to be transmitted to the main grid.

[0009] A further improvement of the present invention is that when the scheduling controller functional module determines that the available power of the multiple distributed energy sources is exhausted based on the operation constraints of the distributed energy sources and the down maximum load of the grid cannot meet the load power supply, the controller sends an alarm to the operator station.

[0010] A further improvement of the present invention is that the distributed energy sources include at least one dispatchable energy source, and the dispatchable energy source includes: multiple solar units, the scheduling controller functional module is configured to receive data from the solar units, and the data includes the number of solar units that are online and available for the microgrid, the total solar power generated by the solar units, and the power available for the loads; multiple wind turbine units, the scheduling controller functional module is configured to receive data from the wind turbine units, and the data includes the number of wind turbine units that are online and available for the microgrid and the total wind power generation generated by the wind turbine units and available for the loads; multiple diesel generator units, the scheduling controller functional module is configured to receive data from each diesel generator unit, and the data includes the number of diesel generator units that are online and available for the microgrid, the actual power output that each diesel generator unit can generate, and its efficiency.

[0011] A further improvement of the present invention lies in that the distributed energy includes at least one energy source, which includes at least one battery energy storage system, and the scheduling controller function module is configured to receive the charge state from the battery energy storage system and the power data available for the load.

[0012] A method of using a microgrid control system for distributed energy. For a microgrid including multiple distributed energy sources that supply power to the microgrid and multiple loads connected thereto, the method includes: Providing a controller that is connected to the microgrid, distributed energy sources, and loads, and includes a processor and a memory connected thereto; Using the processor to execute the scheduling controller function module stored in the memory, and the scheduling controller function module performs the following operations: Receiving the total power demand of all loads connected to the microgrid and at least one operation constraint from multiple distributed energy sources; Determining whether there is sufficient power to supply the loads under the operation constraints from multiple distributed energy sources; Determining multiple available distributed energy sources that need to be adjusted to supply power to multiple loads; Adjusting the power output of each distributed energy source.

[0013] A further improvement of the present invention lies in that for a microgrid connected to the main grid, the scheduling controller function module further has: Receiving at least one grid operation constraint provided by the main grid, and the main grid operation constraint includes the maximum up / down load; Determining whether sufficient power can be imported from the main grid for multiple loads according to the operation constraints and the maximum up / down load.

[0014] A further improvement of the present invention lies in that the scheduling controller function module determines whether the distributed energy sources generate sufficient power to be transmitted to the main grid according to the operation constraints and the maximum up / down load.

[0015] A further improvement of the present invention lies in that when the scheduling controller function module determines that the available power of multiple distributed energy sources is exhausted based on the operation constraints of the distributed energy sources and the maximum down load of the main grid cannot meet the load power supply, the controller sends an alarm to the operator station to indicate the energy shortage of the microgrid.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial technical effects: A microgrid control system and usage method for distributed energy provided by the present invention mainly cover the following key parts in terms of system architecture. First, it includes various types of distributed energy, such as solar power plants, diesel generators, battery energy storage systems, and wind farms, which jointly provide power support for the microgrid. Second, there are multiple loads connected to the microgrid and distributed energy, and their power demands are important considerations for the system operation. Particularly crucial is a controller closely connected to the microgrid, distributed energy, and loads. This controller consists of a processor and memory and is configured to execute specific scheduling controller function modules.

[0017] The scheduling controller function module plays a core role in the entire system and undertakes multiple key tasks. First, the scheduling controller function module enables the processor to accurately receive the total power demand of all loads connected to the microgrid and at the same time obtain at least one operation constraint information corresponding to multiple distributed energy sources. The processor can use the operation constraints to determine whether the distributed energy sources have sufficient power output to meet the load demands. Second, the scheduling controller function module can further accurately determine multiple available distributed energy sources that need to be adjusted, thereby guiding the scheduling controller to reasonably adjust the power output of each distributed energy source to ensure the balance of power supply and demand.

[0018] When the microgrid is connected to the main grid, the capabilities of the scheduling controller function module are further expanded. It can receive at least one main grid operation constraint provided by the main grid, including the maximum up / down power, etc. With the help of the scheduling controller function module, the controller can not only determine whether enough power can be introduced from the main grid for load use, but also accurately determine whether the distributed energy sources generate sufficient power for output to the main grid based on the main grid operation constraints and import / export restrictions. Moreover, when the processor determines through the scheduling controller function module that the available power from the distributed energy sources is exhausted and the maximum down power of the main grid cannot meet the load power supply, the controller will quickly send an alarm to the operator, effectively ensuring the reliability and security of the system operation.

[0019] In terms of the specific types of distributed energy, dispatchable energy is an important component. If it includes multiple solar units, the dispatch controller function module will receive detailed data such as the number of solar units that are online and available for the microgrid, the total solar power generated by the solar units, and the power available for the load; if it includes multiple wind turbine units, the dispatch controller function module will receive data such as the number of wind turbine units that are online and available for use, and the total wind power generation they produce; if it includes multiple diesel generator units, the dispatch controller function module will receive information such as the number of diesel generator units that are online and available, the actual power output of each unit, and its efficiency. For electrical energy, taking the battery energy storage system as an example, the dispatch controller function module can receive key data such as its charge state and the voltage output available for the load, providing comprehensive information support and accurate control basis for the efficient operation of the system.

[0020] The method of the present invention is closely coordinated with the system. First, the above-mentioned specific controller is provided, and then the processor executes the dispatch controller function module in the memory. After the dispatch controller function module receives the total power demand of the load and the operation constraints of the distributed energy, it first determines whether there is sufficient power to supply the load, then determines the energy that needs to be adjusted, and finally realizes the reasonable adjustment of the power output of each distributed energy, ensuring the stable and efficient operation of the microgrid under different working conditions, giving full play to the advantages of the distributed energy, and improving the energy utilization efficiency and system reliability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the following drawings are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the composition of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the system control module principle of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 3 It is a block diagram of the dispatch controller function module of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 4 It is a flowchart of using the dispatch controller function module to control the microgrid of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0026] In the following text, only some exemplary embodiments are briefly described. As those skilled in the art will recognize, the described embodiments can be modified in various different ways without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the drawings and the description are to be regarded as illustrative in nature and not restrictive.

[0027] It should be understood that when used in this specification and the appended claims, the terms "comprising" and "including" indicate the presence of the described features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and / or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or their groups.

[0028] It should also be understood that the terminology used in the specification of the present invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the present invention. As used in the specification of the present invention and the appended claims, unless the context clearly dictates otherwise, the singular forms "a", "an", and "the" are intended to include the plural forms.

[0029] It should be further understood that the term "and / or" used in the specification of the present invention and the appended claims refers to any combination and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items, and includes these combinations.

[0030] Schematic diagrams of various structures according to the disclosed embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings. These figures are not drawn to scale, where for the purpose of clear expression, some details are enlarged and some details may be omitted. The shapes of the various regions and layers shown in the figures and their relative sizes and positional relationships are merely exemplary and may deviate in practice due to manufacturing tolerances or technical limitations, and those skilled in the art can design regions / layers with different shapes, sizes, and relative positions according to actual needs.

[0031] In a power grid connection system, a microgrid mainly provides power for its internal loads. Depending on the balance between load and generation, there are also cases where power is purchased from the connected main grid or power is fed into the main grid. Power plants usually have very small internal loads, and their main goal is to transmit power to the main grid to fulfill commercial agreements and generate income. Microgrids and power plants operate under different scenarios, including load frequency control, economic dispatch control, environmental dispatch control, security dispatch control, etc. With the rapid growth and use of renewable energy sources (such as solar, wind, and battery energy storage systems), energy management and control systems need to implement complex control scenarios to coordinate various operating scenarios of microgrids and power plants to achieve the desired results. Different distributed energy sources have their own constraints and optimal power transmission settings. In addition, with the emergence of heterogeneous types of distributed energy sources, a supervisory logic is needed to optimize the power flow from different distributed energy sources. For example, complex custom logic needs to be created in the control system to determine the preference for using one of the same type or different types of distributed energy sources, so as to be able to coordinate different energy sources while meeting different constraints.

[0032] The following, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments, describes the specific implementation manners of a microgrid control system and its usage method for distributed energy sources provided by the present invention.

[0033] Embodiment 1 First, refer to Figure 1 , which schematically shows a block diagram of a microgrid control system 100 for distributed energy sources. The system consists of a microgrid 110 connected to a main grid 120. The microgrid 110 includes multiple distributed energy sources 102, one or more loads 140, and a system control module 170. The distributed energy sources 102 include one or more dispatchable energy sources 162 and 164, and one or more battery energy storage systems 150. Among them, the dispatchable energy source 162 is wind / solar power generation, and the dispatchable energy source 164 is diesel power generation. The battery energy storage system 150 may include one or more battery energy storage systems connected to the microgrid 110 and one or more dispatchable energy sources 162 and 164. The distributed energy sources 102 are coupled to the loads 140 through the microgrid 110. The loads 140 can be any type of electrical load, such as residential loads 142 and industrial loads 146. Generally, the loads 140 vary over time.

[0034] As used herein, the term "dispatchable" refers to an energy source whose power output can be controlled or adjusted within the operating limits of the energy source. For example, when diesel generator 164 has sufficient fuel, its power output can generally be controlled to provide the required amount. Renewable energy 162 is to some extent dispatchable, depending on the environmental conditions under which it operates. For example, the power generated by wind-based energy sources (such as wind turbines) is limited by the strength of the wind; while solar energy resources are limited by the amount of sunlight reaching their panels. The power generated by a wind turbine can be adjusted to some extent by changing the pitch angle of the turbine blades.

[0035] Microgrid 110 maintains certain parameters of the power supply, including frequency and voltage, within acceptable ranges according to standards and operating guidelines to ensure the quality of the power supply. The frequency of the grid power supply may vary according to the balance between the total load-side consumption and the power generation in microgrid 110. The voltage of the microgrid power supply may vary according to the balance between the total load-side consumption and the reactive power generation.

[0036] In a microgrid, various characteristics of the power supply, including the reactive power level and the short-circuit level (or grid stiffness), are constantly changing, resulting in continuous changes in the characteristics of the power network. Therefore, microgrid 110 may use complex control systems to maintain the stability of its voltage and frequency and ensure acceptable power quality for consumers. In addition, in microgrid 110, the demand fluctuates continuously, usually beyond the control of the grid operator. Moreover, with the popularization of intermittent energy sources in the microgrid, the power generation capacity may increase uncertainty factors or increase the unavailability of certain energy sources.

[0037] In microgrid 110, maintaining the balance between power generation and demand is crucial for the reliable operation of the microgrid. A significant mismatch between power generation and demand may cause large fluctuations in the frequency on the system bus, which not only reduces the overall efficiency of the power network but also may increase the wear and tear of equipment, resulting in increased maintenance costs. The described systems, methods, and devices can perform rapid dynamic control of active and reactive power in addition to steady-state control to maintain the voltage and frequency stability of microgrid 100 after a system disturbance.

[0038] In the microgrid 110, the distributed energy sources 102 have operating constraints that should be adhered to in order to extend the service life of the network and minimize the maintenance costs of the distributed energy sources 102 and the microgrid control system 100 of the distributed energy sources. In the case of various other microgrids 110, the dispatchable energy sources 162, 164 may also have multiple operating constraints that also need to be maintained to extend the service life of the microgrid 110. For a diesel power generation system 164, examples of the operating constraints of the dispatchable energy sources 162, 164 may include a minimum load and a limited switching cycle. Different distributed energy sources 102 may have different costs and efficiencies. For example, operating a diesel generator 164 requires consuming diesel fuel. On the other hand, the electricity obtained from a wind power resource 162 only requires sufficient wind. When there is sufficient wind, the power generation cost is negligible. By increasing the penetration rate of a specific energy source, such as wind power generation, the system operator can reduce the power generation cost of the microgrid 110.

[0039] An embodiment of the present invention defines and uses a dedicated programmable dispatch controller functional module executed by a system control module 170, which integrates the distributed energy sources connected to the microgrid 110. This dispatch controller functional module forms the basis of a dispatch controller, eliminating the complex logic that usually exists in the microgrid control system. This dispatch controller functional module manages multiple types of dispatchable energy sources in the microgrid 110 through simple parameterization, without the need for complex project engineering. The use of parameterization prevents drastic changes in the controller control logic when adding additional distributed energy sources to the microgrid 110.

[0040] The dispatch controller functional module used herein is encapsulated by software, which produces a main result when executed with a specific set of input values. The dispatch controller functional module is mainly used to specify the attributes of user functions. In a control system, such as in a programmable logic controller (PLC), the dispatch controller functional module may include software programming and algorithms, which can implement specific functions in the control system, such as an external integral derivative controller.

[0041] Figure 2 An apparatus 200 representing the microgrid system control module 170 is exemplified. The apparatus 200 represents a controller or other control system components used by the microgrid system control module 170, or other suitable apparatuses that support the energy management control of the microgrid 110 to execute and run a dispatch controller on the apparatus 200. The main objective of the dispatch controller is to view all dispatchable energy sources in order to reduce the fuel consumption of diesel generators, increase the consumption of renewable energy, and reduce the energy consumption from the main grid 120 when connected to the main grid 120.

[0042] As Figure 2As shown, device 200 includes at least one processor 202, at least one storage device 204, at least one communication unit 206, and at least one input / output unit 208. Each processor 202 can execute instructions, software, and a scheduling controller, such as those that can be loaded into memory 210. Each processor 202 represents a suitable processing device, such as one or more microprocessors, microcontrollers, digital signal processors, application-specific integrated circuits, field-programmable gate arrays, or discrete circuits.

[0043] Memory 210 and permanent storage 212 are examples of storage devices 204, representing structures capable of storing and facilitating information retrieval. Memory 210 can represent random access memory or other suitable volatile or non-volatile storage devices. Permanent storage 212 can include one or more components or devices that support long-term data storage, such as read-only memory, hard disks, flash memory, or optical discs.

[0044] Communication unit 206 supports communication with other systems or devices. For example, communication unit 206 can include at least one network interface card or wireless transceiver to communicate via at least one wired or wireless network 175. As a specific example, communication unit 206 can support communication with one or more sensors, data communication units embedded in distributed energy 102, and sensing devices that can monitor the electrical load 140 connected to the microgrid 110. As another specific example, communication unit 206 can support communication with higher-level components of the PLC / SCADA control network wirelessly or wired to provide information to the operator station and control data.

[0045] Input / output unit 208 allows for the input and output of data. For example, input / output unit 208 can provide a connection for user input through a keyboard, mouse, numeric keypad, touch screen, local operating device, or other suitable input devices. Input / output unit 208 can also send output to a display, printer, or other suitable output devices.

[0046] Although Figure 2 an example of device 200 implementing the present invention is shown, Figure 2 various changes can be made. For example, Figure 2 the various components in

[0047] can be combined, further subdivided, or omitted, and additional components can be added according to specific requirements.

[0047] See Figure 3 , the scheduling control module 310 of the present invention is shown. The scheduling control module 310 provides a configurable software program to provide: 1. Read the parameters of the electrical load to be supported; 2. Read the parameters of the power generation potential from various distributed energy sources connected to the microgrid 110; 3. Configure the quantity parameters of several types of distributed energy sources connected in the microgrid 110 and the system 100; 4. Set the scheduling option parameters of the microgrid 110 or the power plants connected to the microgrid by specifying the ordered scheduling, unit order, and predictive scheduling.

[0048] The scheduling control module 310 further provides the parameters for setting the scheduling options of each resource type. For example, through the algorithm executed in the scheduling control module 310, the battery energy storage system 150 can be operated to provide equal / proportional distribution, battery cycle optimization, balanced SOC, and external control. The scheduling control module 310 can also provide parameters for the diesel dispatchable energy 164. For example, through the algorithm executed in the scheduling control module 310, the diesel dispatchable energy 164 can be operated to provide equal / proportional distribution, optimal set point, the order between multiple generators, and external control.

[0049] For the microgrid 110 connected to the main grid 120, the scheduling control module 310 can include the settings of power import / export limits, curtailment signals, and demand resource signals.

[0050] The scheduling control module 310 can also provide parameters to indicate the status of each distributed energy source 102 connected to the microgrid 110 to determine whether the dispatchable energy sources 162, 164, or the battery energy storage system 150 are in use or can be used to supply power to the microgrid 110.

[0051] The scheduling control module 310 is used to evaluate all input energy sources to check the status of each distributed energy source 102, check the required power generation and the current load conditions of the load 140, and adjust the output set points of each distributed energy source to achieve the desired result. For example, if connected to the main grid 120 and reducing the fuel consumption of the diesel energy 164, the consumption of public power is reduced.

[0052] The input parameters of the scheduling control module 310 include a grid setting parameter 320. The grid setting parameter 320 defines the up / down power demand from the main grid 120. Whether the power indicated by the grid setting parameter 320 is taken from the main grid 120 or delivered to the microgrid 110. The input value of the grid setting parameter 320 can include a negative value, indicating the grid power-taking load requirement that the microgrid must meet. A positive value indicates the grid output capacity requirement that the microgrid must meet, and a value of 0 indicates no grid demand. When the grid setting parameter is 0, the maximum input and maximum output values will limit the power-taking power and output power.

[0053] Node 345 is the point where the microgrid 110 is connected to the main grid 120. According to the agreement for generating electricity and distributing it to the main grid 120, the maximum values for purchasing electricity from the main grid and delivering electricity to the main grid are set. The import and export of electricity can be considered fixed or vary according to the agreement. If the committed electricity must be delivered to the grid, the user shall provide the electricity required to be delivered. This may be a fixed value for a day (and may be repeated daily) or different values at different times of the day.

[0054] The total load 325 is a measurement of the sum of all loads connected to the microgrid 110. The total load can be obtained from the multifunction electricity meter connected at load 140. The electrical network within the microgrid 110 may have multiple loads connected at different locations. All these loads are connected to multiple feeders and will ultimately terminate at a common busbar (where the load measurement will be taken), and the loads are added together to provide the total load reading for the microgrid 110.

[0055] The input status parameters of the distributed energy 102 connected to the microgrid 110 are also input into the dispatch control module 310. The photovoltaic power generation 330 provides the actual measured output data from the solar dispatchable energy 162 to the dispatch control module 310, and its output data also includes the input value of the total number of solar units available for the microgrid 110. These data can also be provided to the controller. The dispatch control module 310 uses the photovoltaic power generation 330 parameters to calculate the total solar power available for the microgrid 110 from the solar dispatchable energy 162. The output of the dispatch control module 310 is the setpoint and curtailment input for the solar dispatchable energy 162 of the distributed energy 102.

[0056] The wind power generation 332 provides the actual measured output data from the wind dispatchable energy 162 to the dispatch control module 310. The wind power generation 332 provides the actual measured output data that can be provided to the controller from the wind dispatchable energy 162, and its output data includes the input value of the total number of wind turbine generators available for the microgrid 110. The dispatch control module 310 uses the wind power generation input parameters to calculate the total wind energy available for the microgrid 110 from the wind dispatchable energy 162. The output of the dispatch control module 310 is the setpoint and curtailment input for the wind dispatchable energy 162.

[0057] The battery energy storage system stored electricity 334 provides the actual electricity output data that the battery energy storage system can provide, its state of charge, and the time when the battery energy storage system is active. The output of the dispatch control module 310 is the power that the battery energy storage system 150 needs to be dispatched to the microgrid 110.

[0058] The power generation of the diesel power generation device 336 provides data to the dispatch control module 310 of each on-line and normally operating diesel power generation dispatchable energy 164, including the actual output power of each generator, the fuel level, and the efficiency of the diesel power generation dispatchable energy 164 connected to the microgrid 110. The output of the dispatch control module 310 is a start / stop signal and a set point sent to the diesel power generation device dispatchable energy 164.

[0059] The algorithm of the dispatch control module 310 gives priority to renewable energy sources, such as solar and wind energy resources 162, to achieve load / generation balance. Renewable energy takes precedence over the battery energy storage system 150, distributed generation 164, and the main grid 120. The dispatch control module 310 evaluates and checks the status of each distributed energy source 102 connected to the microgrid 110, evaluates the required power generation according to the current load conditions, and adjusts the output set points of each distributed energy source to achieve the desired results, such as reducing the fuel consumption of the diesel power generation dispatchable energy 164, or increasing the consumption of renewable energy from the dispatchable energy source 162, and reducing the consumption of public power when connected to the main grid 120.

[0060] The remote microgrid input 340 provides an input parameter to the dispatch control module 310 to define whether the microgrid 110 is in a grid-connected state or an off-grid state. The remote microgrid is physically isolated from the main grid 120 and always operates in island mode due to the lack of available and economical transmission or distribution infrastructure. The grid-connected microgrid forms a physical connection with the public power grid through a switching mechanism at the point of common coupling, but they can also be disconnected and enter island mode, and reconnect to the main grid as needed. In the scenario of grid-connected microgrids, microgrids that are effectively integrated with public service providers can provide grid services (such as frequency and voltage regulation, real and reactive power support, demand response, etc.) to help solve potential capacity, power quality, reliability, and voltage problems on the main grid 120.

[0061] The dispatch control module 310 can also output error codes 360 as alarms and notifications to the operator station. The error codes indicate the status of the dispatch control module 310. The provided error codes also include alarms and notifications indicating that the energy connected to the dispatch control module 310 has been exhausted.

[0062] Embodiment 2 Figure 4A method 400 for managing a microgrid 110 connected to a main power grid 120 using a dispatch controller 310 is illustrated in the form of a flow chart. The microgrid 110 has a plurality of distributed energy sources 102, including one or more dispatchable energy sources 162 and 164 and one or more battery energy storage systems 150. The dispatch control module 310 is executed by a control system 170 within a set time period 410 to initiate the method 400. The time period during which the dispatch control module 310 is executed can be based on the load demand connected to the microgrid, or when the load historically connected to the microgrid 110 is at peak demand.

[0063] In step 415, the dispatch control module 310 checks the sum of all loads connected to the microgrid 110, using the total load 325 applied to the dispatch control module 310. Additionally, the dispatch control module 310 checks the status and available power of the distributed energy sources 102 connected to the microgrid 110. For example, the photovoltaic power generation 330 is used to input the availability data and status of the solar energy resource of the dispatchable energy source 162, and the actual power that the solar energy resource can provide to the microgrid 110. Similarly, the wind power generation 332 provides the dispatch control module 310 with the availability data of the wind energy from the dispatchable energy source 162 to supply power to the microgrid. Additionally, the operating status and available power of other distributed energy sources 102 connected to the microgrid 110, such as the battery energy storage system 150 and the diesel power source 164, are also input to the dispatch control module 310. Finally, the grid set parameters 320 from the main power grid 120 are input to the dispatch control module 310. This input defines the import and export power requirements of the main power grid 120. As described above, the main power grid 120 can include set import and export limits that restrict the power input (providing power) or output (outputting power from the micro-main power grid 120) of the main power grid 120.

[0064] In step 420, the dispatch control module 310 calculates whether there is excess or insufficient power available at time "n" to fully supply the loads connected to the microgrid 110, and in step 425, checks the import and export limits of the main power grid 120 input to the dispatch control module 310, which are applied to the grid set parameters 320 to determine the amount of power that can be supplied from the main power grid 120 to the microgrid 110. The import and export set points of the main power grid 120 are adjusted according to the available grid power, power curtailment, and the availability of power from the dispatchable energy sources 162, 164 of the distributed energy sources 102. For example, if the wind turbine is operating to provide power from the dispatchable energy source 162.

[0065] In step 430, the dispatch control module 310 determines that it is necessary to adjust the power of the dispatchable energy sources 162 and 164 to supply power to the load. For example, if there is an excess of available power, the import limits of various distributed energy sources 102 can be adjusted in sequence to use the most cost-effective energy sources. For example, if renewable energy sources such as solar or wind energy from the dispatchable energy source 162 are sufficient, these energy sources will be preferentially used and put into operation, while reducing the stored battery power from the battery energy storage system 150 and / or the power generated by the diesel generator from the dispatchable energy source 164.

[0066] On the other hand, if the calculation shows that there is a power deficit or shortage, more power can be drawn from the main power grid 120 until the export limit of the main power grid 120. The maximum battery power can be drawn from the battery energy storage system 150, and the diesel generator operates at maximum power to provide the power required to meet the load connected to the microgrid 110.

[0067] The dispatch control module 310 executes a dispatch algorithm in step 435 to individually adjust the dispatchable energy outputs 162 and 164 and the battery energy storage system 150 based on operating constraints. For example, if the wind turbine is supplying power, the solar panels are generating electricity, the energy storage battery of the battery energy storage system 150 has sufficient SOC, and the diesel generator of the dispatchable energy source 164 is online. Adjust the connected distributed energy sources 102 according to the above options. Each dispatchable energy source is adjusted individually and tested in step 440 to determine whether the adjusted energy source meets the power demand of the microgrid 110. If the adjustment made in step 435 can manage the load of the microgrid 110, the method returns to step 410 and restarts the method. However, if the access or deficit power demand is not adequately managed, the dispatch control module 310 tests in step 445 whether all distributed energy sources have been exhausted. If not, the next dispatchable energy source is identified in step 450 and the dispatch algorithm is executed again in step 435. Again, if it is found in step 440 that the demand of the microgrid 110 is managed, step 410 is performed. If it is found that the demand is not managed and all dispatchable energy sources have been exhausted in step 445, an alarm and notification are sent to the operator station in step 455 to inform the system operator or user of the energy shortage in the microgrid 110.

[0068] In summary, the scheduling control module 310 evaluation algorithm can be applied to all inputs of the scheduling controller to check the status of each distributed energy source and the matching of the required energy with the current load conditions of the microgrid 110. The scheduling control module 310 adjusts the output set points of each distributed energy source to achieve the desired results. For example, it reduces fuel consumption in the case of insufficient dispatchable energy of the diesel generator 164, increases the consumption of renewable energy from the dispatchable energy source 162, and reduces the consumption of public electricity if connected to the main grid 120.

[0069] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. For a person skilled in the art, it is obvious that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above-mentioned exemplary embodiments, and without departing from the spirit or basic characteristics of the present invention, the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms. Therefore, no matter from which point of view, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-limiting. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description. Therefore, it is intended to embrace all changes that fall within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims in the present invention. Any reference signs in the claims should not be regarded as limiting the claims involved.

[0070] In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described according to embodiments, not every embodiment only contains an independent technical solution. This narrative way of the specification is only for clarity. A person skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by a person skilled in the art. The above content is only to illustrate the technical idea of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention cannot be limited thereby. Any changes made on the basis of the technical solution according to the technical idea proposed by the present invention fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A microgrid control system for distributed energy, characterized in that Comprising: Multiple distributed energy resources for supplying power to the microgrid; Multiple loads connected to the microgrid and the multiple distributed energy resources; A controller connected to the microgrid, distributed energy resources, and loads, the controller including a processor and a memory, the processor being connected to the memory and having a scheduling controller function module, and the scheduling controller function module having the following functions: enabling the processor to receive the total power demand of all loads connected to the microgrid and obtain at least one operation constraint information corresponding to the multiple distributed energy resources, and enabling the processor to determine whether sufficient power can be obtained from the multiple distributed energy resources for load use; Determining multiple available distributed energy resources that need to be adjusted, and guiding the controller to reasonably adjust the power output of each distributed energy resource to ensure power supply-demand balance.

2. The microgrid control system for distributed energy according to claim 1, wherein The microgrid is connected to the main grid, and the scheduling controller function module is further configured to: receive at least one operation constraint provided by the main grid, and the main grid operation constraint includes the maximum up / down load; enabling the controller to determine whether sufficient power can be imported from the main grid for multiple loads to use.

3. The microgrid control system of a distributed energy source according to claim 2, characterized in that The controller uses the main grid operation constraint and the maximum up / down load through the scheduling controller function module to determine whether the distributed energy resources generate sufficient power to be transmitted to the main grid.

4. The microgrid control system for distributed energy according to claim 2, characterized in that, When the scheduling controller function module determines that the available power of the multiple distributed energy resources is exhausted based on the operation constraints of the distributed energy resources and the maximum down load of the grid cannot meet the load power supply, the controller sends an alarm to the operator station.

5. A microgrid control system for distributed energy according to claim 1, characterized in that, The distributed energy resources include at least one dispatchable energy resource, and the dispatchable energy resource includes: multiple solar units, and the scheduling controller function module is configured to receive data from the solar units, and the data includes the number of solar units that are online and available for the microgrid, the total solar power generated by the solar units, and the power available for load use; multiple wind turbine units, and the scheduling controller function module is configured to receive data from the wind turbine units, and the data includes the number of wind turbine units that are online and available for the microgrid and the total wind power generation generated by the wind turbine units and available for load use; multiple diesel generator units, and the scheduling controller function module is configured to receive data from each diesel generator unit, and the data includes the number of diesel generator units that are online and available for the microgrid, the actual power output that each diesel generator unit can generate, and its efficiency.

6. The microgrid control system of a distributed energy source according to claim 1, characterized in that The distributed energy resources include at least one energy resource, and the energy resource includes at least one battery energy storage system, and the scheduling controller function module is configured to receive the charge state and the power amount data available for load use from the battery energy storage system.

7. A method for using a microgrid control system of a distributed energy source according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, For a microgrid including multiple distributed energy resources, these distributed energy resources supply power to the microgrid and multiple loads connected thereto, and the method includes: Providing a controller that is connected to the microgrid, distributed energy resources, and loads and includes a processor and a memory connected to each other; Using the processor to execute the scheduling controller function module stored in the memory, and the scheduling controller function module performs the following operations: Receive the total power demand of all loads connected to the microgrid and at least one operating constraint from multiple distributed energy sources; Judge whether there is sufficient power available to supply the loads under the operating constraints from multiple distributed energy sources; Determine multiple available distributed energy sources that need to be adjusted to supply power to multiple loads; Adjust the power output of each distributed energy source.

8. The usage method of a microgrid control system for distributed energy according to claim 7, characterized in that, For a microgrid connected to the main grid, the dispatching controller function module also has: Receive at least one grid operating constraint provided by the main grid, and the main grid operating constraint includes the maximum up / down load; Judge whether sufficient power can be imported from the main grid for multiple loads according to the operating constraints and the maximum up / down load.

9. The usage method of a microgrid control system for distributed energy according to claim 8, characterized in that, The dispatching controller function module judges whether the distributed energy sources generate sufficient power to be transmitted to the main grid according to the operating constraints and the maximum up / down load.

10. The usage method of a microgrid control system for distributed energy according to claim 8, characterized in that, When the dispatching controller function module determines that the available power of multiple distributed energy sources is exhausted based on the operating constraints of the distributed energy sources and the maximum down load of the main grid cannot meet the load power supply, the controller sends an alarm to the operator station to indicate the energy shortage of the microgrid.

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