A low failure rate switch, data transmission method and data transmission system

Abstract

The present invention discloses a low-failure-rate switch, a data transmission method, and a data transmission system. The low-failure-rate switch includes a required layer, a backup layer, an MCU, and multiple data transmission terminals. The required layer and the backup layer are independent of each other. Any two data transmission terminals are electrically connected to each other through the required layer for data transmission. The MCU is electrically connected to each of the multiple data transmission terminals and monitors whether the data transmission between any two data transmission terminals is normal. When the MCU detects abnormal data transmission between two data transmission terminals, the MCU controls the two data transmission terminals with abnormal data transmission to switch to an electrical connection with each other through the backup layer for data transmission. The present invention can improve data transmission efficiency while reducing the failure rate of data transmission.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of computer technology, and in particular to a low-failure-rate switch, a data transmission method, and a data transmission system. Background Art

[0002] In modern computer systems, switches are crucial devices, connecting multiple computers or other network devices to achieve high-speed data transmission. Improving switch reliability and stability has always been a key issue throughout the evolution of switch technology. Currently, the industry generally uses redundant path technologies and port isolation to address internal chip circuit failures.

[0003] Redundant path technology aims to create a backup path between two ports. If the primary path fails, a failover to the backup path is immediately available, ensuring data continuity. However, with technological advancements, especially the surge in demand for switch ports in emerging fields like artificial intelligence, the drawbacks of redundant path technology have become increasingly apparent. The increase in port count exponentially increases the complexity of circuit design, leading to a significant increase in chip manufacturing costs. This poses a significant burden for large-scale switch deployments.

[0004] Port isolation technology prevents faults from spreading by isolating the faulty port. However, this technology has significant limitations and is not suitable as a primary mechanism for error prevention. Once a port is isolated, it can cause server disconnection, severely damaging server quality and performance, and failing to meet users' urgent need for continuous and stable service.

[0005] In summary, both existing error prevention technologies, whether redundant path technology or port isolation technology, have limitations that cannot be ignored, and it is difficult to fundamentally and effectively solve a series of problems caused by internal chip circuit failures.

[0006] The disclosure of the above background technology content is only used to assist in understanding the inventive concept and technical solution of the present invention. It does not necessarily belong to the prior art of the present application, nor does it necessarily provide technical guidance. In the absence of clear evidence that the above content has been disclosed before the filing date of the present application, the above background technology should not be used to evaluate the novelty and creativity of the present application. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a low-failure-rate switch, a data transmission method, and a data transmission system, which can reduce the failure rate of data transmission and improve the reliability of data transmission.

[0008] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0009] A low-failure-rate switch, comprising a necessary layer, a backup layer, an MCU, and a plurality of data transmission terminals, wherein the necessary layer and the backup layer are independent of each other;

[0010] Any two of the data transmission ends are electrically connected to each other through the necessary layer to perform data transmission;

[0011] The MCU is electrically connected to the plurality of data transmission terminals respectively, and the MCU monitors whether the data transmission between any two of the data transmission terminals is normal;

[0012] When the MCU detects that data transmission between two data transmission ends is abnormal, the MCU controls the two data transmission ends with abnormal data transmission to switch to be electrically connected to each other through the standby layer for data transmission.

[0013] Further, based on any one of the above technical solutions or a combination of multiple technical solutions, the switch includes N data transmission ends, each of which includes a receiving end and a transmitting end, the receiving end is configured to receive data transmitted from the outside to the switch, and the transmitting end is configured to receive the data sent by the receiving end of the other data transmission ends;

[0014] The required layer includes N layers of first circuits, each layer of the first circuit includes a receiving end of the data transmission end, a transmitting end of other data transmission ends, and a first MCU connection end, and the receiving end of one data transmission end is electrically connected to the transmitting end of other data transmission ends and the first MCU connection end respectively;

[0015] The first MCU connection end is electrically connected to the MCU.

[0016] Further, based on any one of the above technical solutions or a combination of multiple technical solutions, the backup layer includes one or more layers of second circuits, each layer of the second circuit includes a second MCU connection terminal and N first ports electrically connected to each other, the N first ports are electrically connected to each other, and the second MCU connection terminal is electrically connected to the MCU;

[0017] When the MCU detects abnormal data transmission between two data transmission ends, it determines that the first circuit where the data transmission end with the abnormal data transmission is located is an abnormal circuit, and controls the N data transmission ends on the abnormal first circuit to be electrically connected one-to-one with the N first ports on the second circuit of one layer.

[0018] Further, based on any one of the above technical solutions or a combination of multiple technical solutions, the second circuit is multi-layered, and among the N first ports on the same layer of the second circuit, one of the first ports is configured as a receiving end, and the other first ports are configured as transmitting ends, and the receiving end is configured to transmit data to one of the multiple transmitting ends;

[0019] No data transmission is performed between the receiving end and the transmitting end on the second circuit of different layers;

[0020] The receiving end and the transmitting end on the second circuit of each layer perform data transmission independently from each other.

[0021] Further, based on any one of the above technical solutions or a combination of multiple technical solutions, each of the data transmission ends is configured with a port address, and a receiving end of a data transmission end on the first circuit simultaneously sends a data transmission request to the sending ends of the other multiple data transmission ends, wherein the data transmission request includes a target address, and the target address is one of the multiple port addresses;

[0022] The sending end of the other data transmission end receives the data transmission request and matches the target address with its corresponding port address, and the sending end that matches returns a confirmation reception signal to the receiving end;

[0023] In response to receiving the confirmation signal, the receiving end sends data to the sending end that returns the confirmation signal.

[0024] Furthermore, any one of the above technical solutions or a combination of multiple technical solutions further includes an MCU layer, the MCU layer is independent of the required layer and the backup layer, the MCU is arranged in the MCU layer, and the MCU is electrically connected to the plurality of data transmission ends respectively through the MCU layer;

[0025] The data transmission end sends data to the MCU and one of the other data transmission ends through the required layer and / or the MCU layer;

[0026] The MCU sends data to some or all of the multiple data transmission ends through the MCU layer.

[0027] Further, based on any one of the above technical solutions or a combination of multiple technical solutions, the switch includes N data transmission terminals, the MCU layer is also provided with N second ports, the N second ports are electrically connected to each other, and the N second ports are electrically connected to the N data transmission terminals in a one-to-one correspondence;

[0028] When the MCU detects that the data transmission between two data transmission ends is abnormal, the MCU controls the data transmission end with the data transmission abnormality to complete the data transmission through the MCU layer. At the same time, the MCU controls the data transmission end with the data transmission abnormality to be electrically connected through the backup layer for the next data transmission.

[0029] Further, based on any one of the above technical solutions or a combination of multiple technical solutions, the data transmission end is provided with a timer, the timer is electrically connected to the MCU, and the timer is configured to monitor the duration of the data transmission end sending / receiving data;

[0030] If the duration monitored by the timer exceeds a preset first duration, a corresponding electrical signal is sent to the MCU;

[0031] The MCU determines that there is a data transmission anomaly between the two data transmission ends in response to receiving the electrical signal.

[0032] Further, based on any one of the above technical solutions or a combination of multiple technical solutions, the data transmission end is configured with a first register, and the first register is configured to store a required layer address or a spare layer address;

[0033] When the first register stores the necessary layer address, the data transmission ends are electrically connected to each other through the necessary layer to perform data transmission;

[0034] When the MCU detects data transmission anomaly between two data transmission ends, the MCU changes the required layer address stored in the first register to the backup layer address, so that the two data transmission ends with data transmission anomaly are switched to be electrically connected to each other through the backup layer for data transmission.

[0035] Furthermore, based on any one of the technical solutions or a combination of multiple technical solutions described above, the data transmission end is configured with a second register, and the second register is configured to store received / to-be-sent data.

[0036] Further, based on any one of the above technical solutions or a combination of multiple technical solutions, the data transmission end synchronously transmits data to the MCU when transmitting data to other data transmission ends, and the MCU is configured with a third register, and the third register is configured to store the data of the current target transmission;

[0037] When the MCU detects that the data transmission between the two data transmission ends is abnormal, the MCU determines that the data stored in the third register is the target retransmission data, and broadcasts the target retransmission data to the other data transmission ends.

[0038] According to another aspect of the present invention, a data transmission method for a low failure rate switch based on any one of the above technical solutions or a combination of multiple technical solutions is provided, comprising the following steps:

[0039] Configuring the data transmission ends to be electrically connected to each other through the necessary layers for data transmission;

[0040] Using the MCU to monitor the data transmission status between the plurality of data transmission terminals in real time;

[0041] When the MCU detects that data transmission between two data transmission ends is abnormal, the MCU controls the two data transmission ends with abnormal data transmission to switch to be electrically connected to each other through the standby layer for data transmission.

[0042] Furthermore, based on any one of the above technical solutions or a combination of multiple technical solutions, the data transmission method further includes the following steps:

[0043] Two data transmission ends with different configurations are electrically connected to each other through two different necessary layers to perform data transmission;

[0044] The MCU is arranged in an MCU layer, the MCU layer is independent of the required layer and the standby layer, and the MCU is electrically connected to the plurality of data transmission terminals respectively through the MCU layer;

[0045] When the MCU detects data transmission anomaly between two data transmission ends, it determines that the essential layer where the data transmission end with the data transmission anomaly is located is a fault essential layer, and switches each data transmission end on the fault essential layer to be electrically connected through the standby layer.

[0046] According to another aspect of the present invention, a data transmission system is provided, comprising the low failure rate switch as described in any one of the above technical solutions or a combination of multiple technical solutions.

[0047] The beneficial effects brought about by the technical solution provided by the present invention are as follows:

[0048] a. In the switch provided by the present invention, multiple data transmission ends can share one or a few backup layers. When the MCU detects a data transmission anomaly on the essential layer where two data transmission ends reside, it switches the circuit connection between the multiple data transmission ends on that layer to a connection through the backup layer, thus resolving the data transmission failure. This solution avoids the problem of server disconnection caused by directly isolating ports and avoids the drawbacks of redundant path technology that results in circuit design complexity and significantly increased chip manufacturing costs. While reducing the data transmission failure rate, it also has the advantages of simple structure and low cost.

[0049] b. The switch provided by the present invention has multiple layers of mutually independent first circuits on the required layer, which can meet the need for simultaneous data transmission between different data transmission terminals. Multiple layers of second circuits are also provided on the backup layer, and data transmission is carried out independently between the receiving terminal and the transmitting terminal on each layer of the second circuit. In this way, when data transmission anomalies occur in multiple layers of the first circuit on the required layer, the data transmission terminals on the multiple layers of the abnormal first circuit are simultaneously switched to the corresponding multiple layers of the second circuit. This effectively resolves the data transmission anomaly problem in the switch while reducing data latency and ensuring data transmission reliability.

[0050] c. The present invention sets an MCU layer. When it detects that there is a first circuit with data transmission abnormality in a necessary layer, when each data transmission end on the first circuit of the layer is switched to be connected through the second circuit in the backup layer, the data that currently needs to be retransmitted is synchronously transmitted through the MCU layer. There is no need to retransmit the data after the data transmission end is switched to be electrically connected through the backup layer, which can reduce the delay of data retransmission. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0051] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in this application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0052] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the internal circuit structure of a switch provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 2 A schematic diagram showing the principle of data transmission at a data transmission end using a timer according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 3 A schematic diagram showing the principle of retransmitting data when a timer times out to send data to an MCU according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 4 A schematic diagram showing the principle of an MCU broadcasting retransmitted data to other data transmission ends according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the principle of transmitting data through a backup layer provided by a data transmission terminal with abnormal data transmission according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0057] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solutions of the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0058] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the description and claims of the present invention and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the numbers used in this way can be interchanged where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present invention described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, apparatus, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0059] In one embodiment of the present invention, a low failure rate switch is provided, such as Figures 1 to 5 As shown, it includes a necessary layer, a backup layer, an MCU and multiple data transmission ends, and the necessary layer and the backup layer are independent of each other;

[0060] Any two of the data transmission ends are electrically connected to each other through the necessary layer to perform data transmission;

[0061] The MCU is electrically connected to the plurality of data transmission terminals respectively, and the MCU monitors whether the data transmission between any two of the data transmission terminals is normal;

[0062] When the MCU detects that data transmission between two data transmission ends is abnormal, the MCU controls the two data transmission ends with abnormal data transmission to switch to be electrically connected to each other through the standby layer for data transmission.

[0063] According to the existing switch data transmission error prevention mechanism, either the port isolation technology is used to directly isolate the faulty port to prevent the fault from spreading, but this technical means may cause server disconnection and has obvious limitations, making it unsuitable as the primary mechanism for error prevention; or a backup path is set between each two electrically connected data transmission ends. When data transmission anomalies occur, the backup path is enabled to solve the data transmission anomaly problem. Assuming there are n data transmission ends, at least Obviously, the increase in the number of data transmission terminals makes the complexity of line design increase exponentially, and the cost also rises significantly.

[0064] The low failure rate switch proposed in this application is different from the existing port isolation and redundant circuit backup design. This application sets a necessary layer for normal data transmission between multiple data transmission ends. And a general backup layer independent of the necessary layer is set. When the MCU detects a data transmission end with abnormal data transmission, it switches the data transmission end with abnormal data transmission to the data layer transmission through the backup layer. For example, according to the original design idea of ​​redundant backup paths between ports, for an 8-port switch, at least There are three backup paths. However, by adopting the technical solution proposed in this application, eight ports can share one backup layer. If two data transmission terminals are detected to have data transmission anomalies on the necessary layer, the circuit connection of this layer can be switched to an electrical connection through the backup layer. Of course, in order to improve the reliability of the switch, it is preferred to adopt multiple backup layers to be applicable to the situation where multiple groups of data transmission terminals have data transmission anomalies at the same time. For example, 2, 3 or 4 backup layers can be used. Figure 1 The M-layer second circuit shown in FIG, where M is a natural number not less than 1, preferably 2≤M≤N, where N is the number of data transmission terminals in the switch, is not required. However, too many backup layers are generally unnecessary, as the probability of multiple groups of data transmission terminals experiencing data transmission anomalies simultaneously is very small. Therefore, the low-failure-rate switch proposed in this application avoids the problem of server disconnection caused by directly isolating ports, while also avoiding the drawbacks of redundant path technology that significantly increase circuit design complexity and chip manufacturing costs. While achieving a reduced failure rate, it also combines the advantages of simple structure and low cost.

[0065] In one embodiment of the present invention, the switch includes N (N is a natural number greater than or equal to 2) data transmission ends, each of which includes a receiving end and a transmitting end. The receiving end is configured to receive data transmitted from the outside to the switch and to send data to the transmitting ends of other data transmission ends. The transmitting end is configured to receive data sent by the receiving ends of other data transmission ends and to transmit data to external devices connected to the switch.

[0066] The required layer includes N layers of first circuits, each layer of the first circuit includes a receiving end of the data transmission end, a transmitting end of other data transmission ends, and a first MCU connection end, and the receiving end of one data transmission end is electrically connected to the transmitting end of other data transmission ends and the first MCU connection end, respectively. The first MCU connection end is electrically connected to the MCU.

[0067] Each of the data transmission ends is configured with a port address. The receiving end of a data transmission end on the first circuit simultaneously sends a data transmission request to the sending ends of multiple other data transmission ends. The data transmission request includes a target address, which is one of the multiple port addresses.

[0068] The sending end of the other data transmission ends receives the data transmission request and matches the target address with its corresponding port address. The sending end with a consistent match returns a confirmation reception signal to the receiving end. In response to receiving the confirmation reception signal, the receiving end sends data to the sending end that returns the confirmation reception signal. The specific implementation method of multiple data transmission ends performing data transmission through the N-layer first circuit can be specifically referred to the technical solution proposed in the Chinese patent application entitled "A switch, data transmission method and system for reducing data exchange delay" and application number 2024114493648, and will not be described in detail.

[0069] In this embodiment, the standby layer includes multiple layers of second circuits, and each layer of the second circuit includes N first ports and second MCU connection ends electrically connected to each other, and the second MCU connection end is electrically connected to the MCU. When the data transmission between the N data transmission ends of the necessary layer is normal, the second circuits of each layer are in a standby state, that is, the N first ports on each layer of the second circuit are not connected one-to-one with the N data transmission ends.

[0070] When the MCU detects an abnormal data transmission between two data transmission terminals, it determines that the first circuit containing the abnormal data transmission terminal is an abnormal circuit, and controls the N data transmission terminals on the abnormal circuit to be electrically connected to the N first ports on the second circuit layer in a one-to-one correspondence. Optionally, the second MCU connection terminal also switches from a state of being electrically disconnected from the MCU to a state of being electrically connected to the MCU. Preferably, the second MCU connection terminal is always electrically connected to the MCU.

[0071] In this embodiment, data is transmitted between the receiving end and the transmitting end on the second circuit of the same layer, while data is not transmitted between the receiving end and the transmitting end on the second circuit of different layers. Data is transmitted independently between the receiving end and the transmitting end on the second circuit of each layer. This allows data transmission anomalies to occur simultaneously on multiple layers of the first circuit at the same layer, allowing simultaneous switching to the corresponding second circuits at the corresponding layers, thereby resolving data transmission anomalies within the switch.

[0072] In this embodiment, the switch further includes an MCU layer, which is independent of the required layer and the backup layer. The MCU is arranged in the MCU layer, and the MCU is electrically connected to the multiple data transmission ends through the MCU layer; the data transmission end sends data to the MCU and one of the other data transmission ends through the required layer; the MCU sends data to some or all of the multiple data transmission ends through the MCU layer.

[0073] Specifically, the switch includes N data transmission terminals, and the MCU layer is also provided with N second ports, the N second ports being electrically connected to each other, and the N second ports being electrically connected to the N data transmission terminals in a one-to-one correspondence. When the MCU detects a data transmission anomaly between two data transmission terminals, the MCU controls the data transmission terminal with the data transmission anomaly to complete the current data transmission through the MCU layer, and simultaneously controls the data transmission terminal with the data transmission anomaly to electrically connect through the backup layer for the next data transmission.

[0074] In one embodiment of the present invention, whether there is a data transmission anomaly is determined in the following manner. Figures 3 to 5 As shown, the data transmission end is provided with a timer, the timer is electrically connected to the MCU, and the timer is configured to monitor the duration of the data transmission end sending / receiving data. If the duration monitored by the timer exceeds a preset first duration, the MCU determines that there is a data transmission anomaly between the two data transmission ends.

[0075] Specifically, a timer is provided at each data transmission end, and the timer is connected to the MCU via a separate line or serial communication line, preferably a separate line electrically connected. The timer at each data transmission end is used to monitor the time / duration of data reception at the port and transmit a timeout signal to the MCU. The line can adopt a separate circuit line or a serial communication line. The timer can adopt a hardware timer or a software timer, and the time accuracy can be set to nanosecond level.

[0076] The timer of the timed-out data transmission end changes the electrical level of the line connected to the MCU to notify the MCU that there is an abnormality in data transmission. For example, a 5V power supply is originally connected, but it is blocked by a logic gate. When the timer times out, the logic gate opens, and the output signal will change from 1V to 5V, thereby notifying the MCU that the data transmission end has timed out and retransmitted the data. When the data transmission end times out when receiving data, the timer will change the line frequency connected to the MCU from a low frequency of 1V to a high frequency of 5V, thereby notifying the MCU that the data sent by the data transmission end at this time is timed-out and retransmitted data and needs to be retransmitted. The timed-out retransmission technology of the prior art is usually that the sender of the data transmission end monitors whether the data it sends has timed out. The MCU of this application is a third party that controls the electrical connection method of multiple data transmission ends in the switch. It cannot determine which data currently being sent by each port is normal data or retransmitted data. The technical solution based on this application can solve this problem.

[0077] Preferably, the data transmission end is configured with a first register and a second register. The second register is configured to store received / to-be-sent data. The first register stores a required layer address or a backup layer address. When the first register stores the required layer address, the data transmission ends are electrically connected to each other through the required layer for data transmission; when the MCU detects that the data transmission between the two data transmission ends is abnormal, the MCU changes the required layer address stored in the first register to the backup layer address, so that the two data transmission ends with abnormal data transmission are switched to be electrically connected to each other through the backup layer for data transmission.

[0078] The data transmission end transmits data to the MCU synchronously when transmitting data to other data transmission ends. The MCU is configured with a third register, and the third register is configured to store the data currently being transmitted.

[0079] When the MCU detects that the data transmission between the two data transmission ends is abnormal, the MCU determines that the data currently stored in the third register is the target retransmission data, and broadcasts the target retransmission data to the other data transmission ends.

[0080] In this embodiment, the MCU will synchronously receive the data sent by each data transmission end on each layer of the first circuit and store it in a storage device to track the cause of the problem when a problem occurs. When an emergency occurs, it is necessary to save the data currently sent by the abnormal data transmission end, so the data needs to be written into the MCU cache, i.e., the third register. Each data transmission end has a corresponding first register to indicate which layer of the first circuit the data transmission end needs to broadcast. After saving the data retransmitted by the data transmission end, the MCU will change the register indicating the layer number so that the data transmission end will use the backup layer for subsequent transmission. The MCU writes the changed data transmission layer information, i.e., the backup layer address, into the first register corresponding to the data transmission end where the abnormality occurred.

[0081] In a specific embodiment, the switch is as follows Figure 1 The figure includes 4 data transmission terminals, namely Figure 1 Ports 1 to 4 shown in the figure have four layers of independent first circuits. On each first circuit, the receiving end of one of ports 1 to 4 is electrically connected to the first MCU connection end and the transmitting end of the other data transmission end, respectively. The receiving ends on different first circuits correspond to different data transmission ends. The first MCU connection end is electrically connected to the MCU, thereby enabling one of ports 1 to 4 to simultaneously transmit data to the MCU when transmitting data to other ports.

[0082] The backup layer includes three layers of mutually independent second circuits. Each layer of the second circuits is provided with first ports 1 to 4 and a second MCU connection terminal, which is electrically connected to the MCU. When the first circuits of each layer on the required layer are operating normally, that is, when there are no data transmission anomalies, the second circuits of each layer are non-operating.

[0083] When the first circuit on the required layer operates abnormally, that is, when data transmission is abnormal, ports one to four on the first circuit with the data transmission abnormality are switched to be electrically connected to the first port one to the first port four in a one-to-one correspondence. That is, port one is electrically connected to the first port one, port two is electrically connected to the first port two, port three is electrically connected to the first port three, and port four is electrically connected to the first port four. In this way, it can be achieved that when any first circuit layer has a data transmission abnormality, it can be switched to the second circuit on the backup layer. An efficient and low-cost switching method: as described in the above embodiment, the required layer address stored in the first register corresponding to each data transmission end can be modified to the corresponding backup layer address. Another method can also be to achieve circuit switching through a switch tube.

[0084] The MCU layer includes the MCU and the second port 1 to the second port 4, the MCU and the second port 1 to the second port 4 are electrically connected respectively, the second port 1 is electrically connected to the port 1, the second port 2 is electrically connected to the port 2, the second port 3 is electrically connected to the port 3, and the second port 4 is electrically connected to the port 4.

[0085] In this embodiment, taking the first circuit of a layer as an example, the parameters of each data transmission port on it are shown in Table 1. When the first circuit of this layer is normal, the first registers corresponding to ports 1 to 4 are A11 to A14, respectively. The addresses stored in first registers A11 to A14 are the corresponding required layer addresses B11 to B14. If the MCU determines that data transmission on the first circuit of this layer is abnormal, the MCU will modify the addresses stored in first registers A11 to A14 to the corresponding backup layer addresses C11 to C14.

[0086]

[0087] like Figure 2 As shown, when port 1 sends data to other ports and the MCU, the timer corresponding to port 1 begins timing from the moment port 1 begins sending data. The port currently receiving data is port 2. If port 2 matches the port address and returns an acknowledgment signal to port 1, port 1 responds to the acknowledgment signal and sends data to port 2. The first registers A11 to A14 corresponding to ports 1 to 4 store the corresponding mandatory layer addresses B11 to B14.

[0088] like Figure 3 As shown, if port 1 still does not receive the corresponding confirmation signal after the timer expires, it is determined that the current data transmission is abnormal. Since port 1 synchronously transmits data to the MCU through the first MCU connection terminal, the MCU can determine which layer of the first circuit has the abnormality based on the current data and modify the required layer address stored in each first register of this layer to the corresponding backup layer address.

[0089] like Figure 4 As shown, when the MCU determines that data transmission is abnormal, while modifying the first register address, the data that needs to be retransmitted is broadcast to each data transmission end through the MCU layer. Figure 5 As shown, each data transmission end receives the data broadcast by the MCU and matches it with its own port address. The matching port 2 replies with a confirmation signal. At this time, the data that needs to be retransmitted can be sent to port 2 through the MCU layer or the switched backup layer.

[0090] In one embodiment of the present invention, a data transmission method based on the low failure rate switch as described in any of the above embodiments is provided, comprising the following steps:

[0091] Configuring the data transmission ends to be electrically connected to each other through the necessary layers for data transmission;

[0092] Using the MCU to monitor the data transmission status between the plurality of data transmission terminals in real time;

[0093] When the MCU detects that data transmission between two data transmission ends is abnormal, the MCU controls the two data transmission ends with abnormal data transmission to switch to be electrically connected to each other through the standby layer for data transmission.

[0094] Preferably, the data transmission method further includes the following steps:

[0095] Two data transmission ends with different configurations are electrically connected to each other through two different necessary layers to perform data transmission, and each necessary layer is configured with a unique necessary layer address;

[0096] The MCU is arranged in an MCU layer, the MCU layer is independent of the required layer and the standby layer, and the MCU is electrically connected to the plurality of data transmission terminals respectively through the MCU layer;

[0097] When the MCU detects data transmission anomalies between two data transmission ends, it locates the faulty necessary layer through the necessary layer address corresponding to the current data to be transmitted, and switches each data transmission end on the faulty necessary layer to be electrically connected through the spare layer.

[0098] In one embodiment of the present invention, a data transmission system is provided, comprising the low failure rate switch as described in any one of the above embodiments.

[0099] It should be noted that the data transmission method and data transmission system embodiments provided by the present invention have the same inventive concept as the above-mentioned low failure rate switch embodiment, and all the contents of the low failure rate switch embodiment are incorporated into the data transmission method and data transmission system embodiments by introduction.

[0100] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second, etc., are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply the existence of any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article, or device comprising a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or device. In the absence of further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising a ..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or device comprising the element.

[0101] The above is only a specific implementation method of the present application. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present application. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A low failure rate switch, characterized in that: It includes a required layer, a backup layer, an MCU and multiple data transmission terminals, wherein the required layer and the backup layer are independent of each other; Any two of the data transmission ends are electrically connected to each other through the necessary layer to perform data transmission; The MCU is electrically connected to the plurality of data transmission terminals respectively, and the MCU monitors whether the data transmission between any two of the data transmission terminals is normal; When the MCU detects that the data transmission between the two data transmission ends is abnormal, the MCU controls the two data transmission ends with abnormal data transmission to switch to be electrically connected to each other through the standby layer for data transmission; The necessary layer includes a first circuit, and N data transmission ends are electrically connected to each other through the first circuit to perform data transmission; The standby layer includes one or more layers of second circuits, each layer of the second circuit includes a second MCU connection terminal and N first ports electrically connected to each other, the N first ports are electrically connected to each other, and the second MCU connection terminal is electrically connected to the MCU; When the MCU detects abnormal data transmission between two data transmission ends, it determines that the first circuit where the data transmission end with the abnormal data transmission is located is an abnormal circuit, and controls the N data transmission ends on the abnormal first circuit to be electrically connected one-to-one with the N first ports on the second circuit of one layer.

2. The low failure rate switch according to claim 1, characterized in that: The switch includes N data transmission ends, each of which includes a receiving end and a transmitting end, the receiving end is configured to receive data transmitted from the outside to the switch, and the transmitting end is configured to receive the data sent by the receiving end of the other data transmission ends; The required layer includes N layers of first circuits, each layer of the first circuit includes a receiving end of the data transmission end, a transmitting end of other data transmission ends, and a first MCU connection end, and the receiving end of one data transmission end is electrically connected to the transmitting end of other data transmission ends and the first MCU connection end respectively; The first MCU connection end is electrically connected to the MCU.

3. The low failure rate switch according to claim 2, characterized in that: The second circuit has multiple layers, and one of the N first ports on the same layer of the second circuit is configured as a receiving end, and the other first ports are configured as transmitting ends, and the receiving end is configured to transmit data to one of the plurality of transmitting ends; No data transmission is performed between the receiving end and the transmitting end on the second circuit of different layers; The receiving end and the transmitting end on the second circuit of each layer perform data transmission independently from each other.

4. The low failure rate switch according to claim 2, characterized in that: Each of the data transmission ends is configured with a port address, and a receiving end of a data transmission end on the first circuit simultaneously sends a data transmission request to the sending ends of the other multiple data transmission ends, wherein the data transmission request includes a target address, and the target address is one of the multiple port addresses; The sending end of the other data transmission end receives the data transmission request and matches the target address with its corresponding port address, and the sending end that matches returns a confirmation reception signal to the receiving end; In response to receiving the confirmation signal, the receiving end sends data to the sending end that returns the confirmation signal.

5. The low failure rate switch according to claim 1, characterized in that: The MCU layer is independent of the required layer and the backup layer, the MCU is arranged in the MCU layer, and the MCU is electrically connected to the plurality of data transmission ends through the MCU layer; The data transmission end sends data to the MCU and one of the other data transmission ends through the required layer and / or the MCU layer; The MCU sends data to some or all of the multiple data transmission ends through the MCU layer.

6. The low failure rate switch according to claim 5, characterized in that: The switch includes N data transmission ends, and the MCU layer is also provided with N second ports, the N second ports are electrically connected to each other, and the N second ports are electrically connected to the N data transmission ends in a one-to-one correspondence; When the MCU detects that the data transmission between two data transmission ends is abnormal, the MCU controls the data transmission end with the data transmission abnormality to complete the data transmission through the MCU layer. At the same time, the MCU controls the data transmission end with the data transmission abnormality to be electrically connected through the backup layer for the next data transmission.

7. The low failure rate switch according to claim 1, characterized in that: The data transmission end is provided with a timer, the timer is electrically connected to the MCU, and the timer is configured to monitor the duration of the data transmission end sending / receiving data; If the duration monitored by the timer exceeds a preset first duration, a corresponding electrical signal is sent to the MCU; The MCU determines that there is a data transmission anomaly between the two data transmission ends in response to receiving the electrical signal.

8. The low failure rate switch according to claim 1, characterized in that: The data transmission end is configured with a first register, and the first register is configured to store a required layer address or a spare layer address; When the first register stores the necessary layer address, the data transmission ends are electrically connected to each other through the necessary layer to perform data transmission; When the MCU detects data transmission anomaly between two data transmission ends, the MCU changes the required layer address stored in the first register to the backup layer address, so that the two data transmission ends with data transmission anomaly are switched to be electrically connected to each other through the backup layer for data transmission.

9. The low failure rate switch according to claim 1, characterized in that: The data transmission end is configured with a second register, and the second register is configured to store received / to-be-sent data.

10. The low failure rate switch according to claim 1, characterized in that: The data transmission end transmits data to the MCU synchronously when transmitting data to other data transmission ends, and the MCU is configured with a third register, and the third register is configured to store the data of the current target transmission; When the MCU detects that the data transmission between the two data transmission ends is abnormal, the MCU determines that the data stored in the third register is the target retransmission data, and broadcasts the target retransmission data to the other data transmission ends.

11. A data transmission method based on the low failure rate switch according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Configuring the data transmission ends to be electrically connected to each other through the necessary layers for data transmission; Using the MCU to monitor the data transmission status between the plurality of data transmission terminals in real time; When the MCU detects that data transmission between two data transmission ends is abnormal, the MCU controls the two data transmission ends with abnormal data transmission to switch to be electrically connected to each other through the standby layer for data transmission.

12. The data transmission method according to claim 11, characterized in that: The following steps are also included: Two data transmission ends with different configurations are electrically connected to each other through two different necessary layers to perform data transmission; The MCU is arranged in an MCU layer, the MCU layer is independent of the required layer and the standby layer, and the MCU is electrically connected to the plurality of data transmission terminals respectively through the MCU layer; When the MCU detects data transmission anomaly between two data transmission ends, it determines that the essential layer where the data transmission end with the data transmission anomaly is located is a fault essential layer, and switches each data transmission end on the fault essential layer to be electrically connected through the standby layer.

13. A data transmission system, characterized in that: The invention comprises the low failure rate switch according to any one of claims 1 to 10.

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