Electro-oxygen co-production combustion-supporting system driven by tail gas waste heat

Abstract

The invention provides an electricity-oxygen co-production combustion-supporting system driven by tail gas waste heat, which relates to the field of adsorption oxygen production and thermoelectric power generation and comprises a tail gas heat exchange-power generation module, an adsorption oxygen production module and a power supply manager. The core of the adsorption oxygen generation module is a pair of adsorption towers filled with adsorbents, and when the adsorption towers are in an initial non-adsorption state, normal-temperature air is introduced, nitrogen in the adsorption towers is adsorbed, oxygen-enriched air is output and introduced into an engine combustion chamber, and the fuel utilization efficiency is improved; or in a saturated adsorption state, high-temperature oxygen-enriched air is introduced to desorb the adsorbed nitrogen so as to return to an initial non-adsorption state. The vehicle tail gas waste heat can be fully utilized, oxygen-enriched air is provided for operation of the engine under the self-energy-supply condition, fuel is fully combusted, and pollutant emission is reduced while the energy utilization efficiency is improved. When the working environment is ideal, the system can also provide extra energy for the carrier.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the fields of adsorption oxygen production and thermoelectric power generation, and particularly relates to an electric-oxygen co-production combustion support system driven by waste heat of tail gas. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of modern industry and transportation, the problem of energy consumption has become increasingly prominent. In the plateau environment, due to the decrease in air density and lower temperature, the combustion efficiency of the engine drops significantly, which may lead to problems such as incomplete combustion, decreased power output, or difficult starting, thus affecting the power performance and use reliability of vehicles. At the same time, incomplete combustion of fuel also produces air pollutants such as carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides, polluting the atmosphere.

[0003] To improve fuel utilization rate, enhance power output, and reduce tail gas emissions, existing technologies mainly focus on research related to engine intake optimization, fuel improvement, and optimization of emission control systems. For example, oxygen-enriched fuel technology improves the combustion efficiency and engine output power by increasing the content of oxidants and calorific value in the fuel; turbocharging technology promotes the full mixing of fuel and oxygen by increasing the pressure in the combustion chamber to achieve efficient combustion. However, oxygen-enriched fuel technology is still in the research stage, with relatively high preparation costs and large technical difficulties at present, and still needs further optimization to improve practicality; although the turbocharging system can effectively improve power output, it has a complex structure and high maintenance costs, which is not conducive to the economy of small civilian vehicles and is also difficult to meet the requirements of high power and high stability for plateau military equipment. Therefore, the applicability of existing technologies in the plateau environment still has certain limitations.

[0004] On the other hand, the waste heat generated during the combustion process of the engine accounts for a large proportion of the total calorific value of the fuel, and existing technologies have not effectively recovered and utilized this waste heat energy. In recent years, some studies have proposed using the waste heat of automobile tail gas for thermoelectric power generation to recover it in the form of electric energy and improve energy utilization efficiency. However, there are still many technical bottlenecks in the reasonable utilization and storage methods of such energy recovery technologies, and further research and optimization are urgently needed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an electric-oxygen co-production combustion support system driven by waste heat of tail gas to solve the problem that the calorific value of waste heat of automobile tail gas in existing technologies has not been fully utilized.

[0006] To solve the above technical problem, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0007] In a first aspect, an electric-oxygen co-production combustion support system driven by waste heat of tail gas includes:

[0008] A tail gas heat exchange - power generation module, an adsorption oxygen production module, and a power supply manager;

[0009] The exhaust gas heat exchange - power generation module includes a fin - tube heat exchanger, a thermoelectric sheet, and a cold - end heat exchanger. The thermoelectric sheet is in close contact with the cold - end heat exchanger and the fin - tube heat exchanger respectively above and below.

[0010] The adsorption oxygen - generation module includes an air compressor, a front - end D - shaped pipe, a first adsorption tower, a second adsorption tower, and a rear - end D - shaped pipe. The first adsorption tower and the second adsorption tower are filled with adsorbents. Solenoid valves a - h in the front - end D - shaped pipe and the rear - end D - shaped pipe control the gas flow direction. The exhaust gas heat exchange - power generation module is connected to the adsorption oxygen - generation module through an upward gas path and a downward gas path.

[0011] The power supply manager is connected to the air compressor and solenoid valves a - h.

[0012] Further, in the exhaust gas heat exchange - power generation module, the fin - tube heat exchanger consists of fins and heat - exchange tubes. The heat - exchange tubes are coiled in a snake - shape perpendicular to the exhaust gas flow direction, and the internal structure can be adjusted according to the working requirements of the visible adsorbent and the expected temperature of the inflowing exhaust gas.

[0013] Further, the thermoelectric power generation array in the exhaust gas heat exchange - power generation module is arranged by a plurality of thermoelectric sheets. It is in close contact with the cold - end heat exchanger above and the upper surface of the fin - tube heat exchanger below. The direct current generated by the thermoelectric sheets flows into the power supply manager, where it is rectified, inverted, and boosted to obtain a standard output voltage alternating current to supply the system for operation.

[0014] Further, the cold - end heat exchanger in the exhaust gas heat exchange - power generation module consists of an industrial water - cooled head or is directly connected to the cooling system inherent in vehicles such as cars.

[0015] Further, the exhaust gas heat exchange - power generation module is connected to the adsorption oxygen - generation module through an upward gas path and a downward gas path. The internal gas path of the adsorption oxygen - generation module consists of an air compressor, a front - end D - shaped pipe, a first adsorption tower, a second adsorption tower, and a rear - end D - shaped pipe. The gas flow direction inside the gas path is controlled by solenoid valves a - h. The oxygen enters the second adsorption tower through the upward gas path.

[0016] Further, the air compressor can provide air with a pressure not less than four standard atmospheric pressures and press the air into the adsorption chamber to achieve normal separation of nitrogen and oxygen in the adsorption tower.

[0017] Further, the first adsorption tower and the second adsorption tower in the adsorption oxygen - generation module can be cylindrical, cuboid or other shapes. The adsorbent in the adsorption tower adsorbs nitrogen in the air at normal temperature and desorbs nitrogen under the flushing of high - temperature oxygen - rich air.

[0018] Further, the temperature of the gas introduced into the first adsorption tower and the second adsorption tower in the adsorption oxygen - generation module should be lower than 300K during the adsorption stage, and higher than 400K and less than 600K during the desorption stage.

[0019] Further, the energy required by the air compressor is provided by the thermoelectric chips in the thermoelectric power generation array of the exhaust gas heat exchange - power generation module. The thermoelectric chips output direct current to the power manager through the temperature difference between the tube - fin heat exchanger and the cold - end heat exchanger, and obtain standard - voltage alternating current to supply the system for operation.

[0020] The above - mentioned solution of the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0021] During operation, it consists of an exhaust gas heat exchange - power generation module, an adsorption oxygen - generation module, and a power manager. The core of the adsorption oxygen - generation module is a pair of adsorption towers filled with adsorbents. When in the initial un - adsorbed state, normal - temperature air is introduced, and nitrogen in the air is adsorbed, and the oxygen - enriched air is output and introduced into the engine combustion chamber to improve the fuel utilization efficiency; or when in the saturated adsorption state, high - temperature oxygen - enriched air is introduced to desorb the adsorbed nitrogen so as to return to the initial un - adsorbed state. The tube - fin heat exchanger in the exhaust gas heat exchange - power generation module efficiently collects the waste heat in the exhaust gas. On the one hand, it provides a temperature difference for the thermoelectric chips connected to the cold - end heat exchanger for power generation, maintains the normal operation of the whole system, and provides additional energy for the vehicle; on the other hand, it fully exchanges heat between the hot exhaust gas and a part of the oxygen - enriched air output from one of the two adsorption towers, so that the heated oxygen - enriched air flows into the other adsorption tower for purging, and the adsorbed nitrogen in it is desorbed.

[0022] The system consists of an exhaust gas heat exchange - power generation module, an adsorption oxygen generation module, and a power supply manager. Among them, the exhaust gas heat exchange - power generation module uses a heat exchanger to efficiently recover the waste heat dissipated by the exhaust gas, provides a heat source for the thermoelectric chips, and forms a temperature difference through the cold - end heat exchanger to achieve thermoelectric conversion and continuous power generation. In addition, this module enables convective heat exchange between part of the produced oxygen and the exhaust gas through the heat exchanger, and inputs the pre - heated oxygen into the adsorption tower to be desorbed, so as to promote the desorption process of the adsorbent. The adsorption oxygen generation module is composed of a compressor and an adsorption tower. Relying on the variable pressure and variable temperature environment provided by the compressor and the exhaust gas heat exchange - power generation module, and combining the difference in the nitrogen adsorption capacity of the adsorbent in the adsorption tower under different air pressures and different temperature conditions, the adsorption and desorption of nitrogen are alternately realized, thereby continuously producing oxygen, and supplying oxygen to the internal combustion engine through the oxygen output device. The power supply manager, as the electric energy conversion unit of the system, converts the low - voltage direct current generated by the exhaust gas heat exchange - power generation module into high - voltage alternating current to drive the compressor in the adsorption oxygen generation module. The present invention makes full use of the waste heat of the exhaust gas for thermoelectric power generation to provide energy for the adsorption oxygen generation system, and at the same time uses the waste heat of the exhaust gas to realize the efficient adsorption and desorption process of oxygen. Without consuming other energy sources additionally, it provides oxygen - enriched combustion support for the internal combustion engine, improves the combustion efficiency, and effectively reduces pollutant emissions. This system can meet the requirements of traffic equipment in plateau and high - altitude areas for the efficient and stable combustion of internal combustion engine fuel, and at the same time is applicable to the requirements of traffic equipment in plain areas for reducing energy consumption and pollutant emissions. The present invention has significant advantages such as no additional energy consumption, synchronous power supply and power consumption, and stable and reliable oxygen production. While improving the combustion efficiency of the internal combustion engine, it has good environmental adaptability and popularization value.

[0023] While using the exhaust gas heat exchange - power generation module to provide energy for the adsorption oxygen generation module, the present invention makes full use of the temperature difference formed by the waste heat of the exhaust gas and the ambient temperature to assist the adsorption process and improve the gas adsorption efficiency. This design not only effectively saves energy, but also provides the oxygen required for oxygen - enriched combustion of the automobile engine, thereby enhancing the power output, while reducing the emissions of pollutants such as carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons, and improving the combustion cleanliness.

[0024] This system integrates multiple functions such as thermoelectric power generation, adsorption oxygen generation, and regulated voltage output. It is compactly designed and has a relatively small overall volume. The exhaust gas heat exchange - power generation module conducts thermoelectric power generation relying on the high - temperature environment of the automobile exhaust pipe, and uses the obtained electric energy to drive the adsorption oxygen generation module, thereby increasing the oxygen concentration during the combustion process of the internal combustion engine, improving the power output of the engine, and effectively reducing greenhouse gas emissions. In addition, this system is applicable to a variety of military combat equipment and civilian transportation vehicles, and has strong environmental adaptability and broad application potential.

[0025] The adsorption oxygen production module of this system adopts variable temperature and variable pressure coupling adsorption technology, adjusts the pressure of the adsorption environment through the compressor, and uses the tail gas heat exchange-power generation module to heat part of the product gas to control the adsorption temperature. Based on the selective adsorption characteristics of nitrogen by the adsorbent at different temperatures and pressures, the module adsorbs nitrogen under low temperature and high pressure conditions, and desorbs nitrogen under high temperature and low pressure conditions, thereby improving the adsorption efficiency and oxygen enrichment rate, and ultimately increasing the oxygen production and achieving more efficient oxygen supply. Furthermore, the adsorption oxygen production module controls the work of the two adsorption towers through two sets of D-type air ducts. The front-end D-type air duct can input the air output by the compressor or part of the product oxygen heated by the tail gas heat exchange-power generation module into the two adsorption towers respectively; the rear-end D-type air duct respectively passes the oxygen generated by the adsorption of nitrogen by the two adsorption towers and the nitrogen generated by desorption to the oxygen storage device and the outside world. There are eight solenoid valves in the two sets of D-type air ducts that control the opening and closing of the gas path, so that the two adsorption towers are alternately in the adsorption and desorption state.

[0026] In the adsorption oxygen production module, the oxygen produced is regulated by the flow valve, and a part of the product oxygen is directed to the exhaust gas heat exchange-power generation module to heat the adsorption tower to promote the desorption process of the adsorbent, while most of the remaining oxygen is directly transported to the engine to optimize the combustion process and improve fuel efficiency. The system makes full use of the selective adsorption characteristics of nitrogen in the adsorbent under different temperatures and pressures in the adsorption tower to achieve efficient separation of nitrogen in the air, thereby enriching oxygen and transporting it to the internal combustion engine through the oxygen output device to improve combustion efficiency. The alternating current generated by the exhaust gas heat exchange-power generation module is directly provided with power for the adsorption oxygen production module after conversion and voltage regulation by the power manager, thereby achieving self-sufficiency of the internal power of the system without the need for external power support and improving energy utilization. The exhaust gas heat exchange-power generation module consists of a tube-fin heat exchanger, a thermoelectric sheet and a radiator, wherein the tube-fin heat exchanger is used to efficiently recover the waste heat emitted by the automobile exhaust and convert it into usable energy, providing a stable heat source support for the system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 The present invention is a schematic structural diagram of an electricity-oxygen cogeneration combustion-supporting system driven by exhaust gas waste heat.

[0028] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the specific structure of the adsorption oxygen production module in the present invention.

[0029] Description of the reference numerals in the drawings: 1 - Exhaust gas heat exchange - power generation module; 2 - Adsorption oxygen generation module; 3 - Power supply manager; 4 - Tube-fin heat exchanger; 5 - Thermoelectric sheet; 6 - Cold end heat exchanger; 7 - Air compressor; 8 - Front-end D-shaped tube; 9 - First adsorption tower; 10 - Second adsorption tower; 11 - Rear-end D-shaped tube; 12 - Upward gas path; 13 - Downward gas path; 14 - Flow valve; 15 - Direct current; 16 - Alternating current; 17 - Exhaust pipe; 18 - Adsorbent; 19 - Solenoid valve a; 20 - Solenoid valve b; 21 - Solenoid valve c; 22 - Solenoid valve d; 23 - Solenoid valve e; 24 - Solenoid valve f; 25 - Solenoid valve g; 26 - Solenoid valve h. Detailed implementation manners

[0030] Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure can be implemented in forms and should not be limited by the embodiments set forth herein. On the contrary, these embodiments are provided so that the present disclosure can be more thoroughly understood and the scope of the present disclosure can be completely conveyed to those skilled in the art.

[0031] As Figure 1 - Figure 2 shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a combined power generation and oxygen production combustion assistance system driven by waste heat of exhaust gas, including:

[0032] An exhaust gas heat exchange - power generation module 1, an adsorption oxygen generation module 2 and a power supply manager 3;

[0033] The exhaust gas heat exchange - power generation module 1 includes a tube-fin heat exchanger 4, a thermoelectric sheet 5 and a cold end heat exchanger 6, and the thermoelectric sheet 5 is in close contact with the cold end heat exchanger 6 and the tube-fin heat exchanger 4 respectively up and down;

[0034] The adsorption oxygen generation module 2 includes an air compressor 7, a front-end D-shaped tube 8, a first adsorption tower 9, a second adsorption tower 10 and a rear-end D-shaped tube 11. The first adsorption tower 9 and the second adsorption tower 10 are filled with an adsorbent 18, and solenoid valves a - h 19 - 26 control the gas flow direction in the front-end D-shaped tube 8 and the rear-end D-shaped tube 11. The exhaust gas heat exchange - power generation module 1 is connected to the adsorption oxygen generation module 2 through an upward gas path 13 and a downward gas path 14;

[0035] The power supply manager 3 is connected to the air compressor 7 and solenoid valves a - h 19 - 26.

[0036] In an embodiment of the present invention, the exhaust gas heat exchange - power generation module 1 includes a finned - tube heat exchanger 4, a thermoelectric sheet 5, and a cold - end heat exchanger 6; the finned - tube heat exchanger 4 is connected to the vehicle exhaust pipe and absorbs heat during the emission of vehicle exhaust gas. More specifically, the finned - tube heat exchanger 4 is arranged in a section of the vehicle exhaust pipe, that is, both ends of the finned - tube heat exchanger 4 are vehicle exhaust pipes, and the vehicle exhaust gas will pass through the finned - tube heat exchanger 4 during the emission process. The finned - tube heat exchanger 4 is provided with fins for enhancing heat transfer. The fins completely penetrate the finned - tube heat exchanger 4 and are connected to the upper and lower surfaces of the finned - tube heat exchanger 4. At the same time, there are coiled heat - exchange tubes inside the finned - tube heat exchanger 4. The inlet of the heat - exchange tube is a branch of the downward gas path 13, and the outlet is the upward gas path 12. The upper and lower surfaces of the finned - tube heat exchanger 4 and the hot end of the thermoelectric sheet 5 are connected by thermal conductive glue. The cold end of the thermoelectric sheet 5 is connected to the cold - end heat exchanger 6. The finned - tube heat exchanger 4 and the cold - end heat exchanger 6 work together to provide a constant working temperature for the thermoelectric sheet 5, enabling the thermoelectric sheet 5 to generate electricity based on the temperature difference. The direct current 15 generated by the thermoelectric sheet 5 is rectified, inverted, and boosted by the power manager 3 to obtain a standard output voltage alternating current 16, which is output to the vehicle system and then output to the air compressor 7 in the adsorption oxygen - generation module 2; preferably, this voltage is directly output to the air compressor 7 in the adsorption oxygen - generation module 2.

[0037] During operation, the air compressor 7 pumps external air into the adsorption oxygen - generation module 2, and under the control of the electromagnetic valves a - h 19 - 26, it flows into one of the first adsorption tower 9 and the second adsorption tower 10 and comes into full contact with the adsorbent 18 therein, so that most of the nitrogen in the air is adsorbed, thereby increasing the relative content of oxygen. In the oxygen - rich air obtained by adsorption, most of it is introduced into the engine for auxiliary combustion, and the remaining part enters the exhaust gas heat exchange - power generation module 1 through the downward gas path 14 and exchanges heat with the high - temperature exhaust gas in the finned - tube heat exchanger. The high - temperature oxygen - rich air then returns to the adsorption oxygen - generation module 2 through the upward gas path 13 and flows into the other of the first adsorption tower 9 and the second adsorption tower 10 to purge the adsorbent 18 in the adsorption tower, causing the nitrogen adsorbed therein to desorb. The desorbed gas is finally discharged from the system through the waste gas pipe 17. At the same time, a part of the heat energy of the engine exhaust gas is converted into electrical energy by means of the thermoelectric sheet 5 in the exhaust gas heat exchange - power generation module and is supplied to the air compressor 7 and the electromagnetic valves a - h 19 - 26 for operation through the power manager 3.

[0038] As Figure 1 - Figure 2 shown, the finned - tube heat exchanger in the exhaust gas heat exchange - power generation module 1 is composed of fins and heat - exchange tubes. The heat - exchange tubes are coiled in a snake - shape perpendicular to the direction of the exhaust gas flow, and the internal structure is adjusted according to the working requirements of the visible adsorbent 18 and the expected temperature of the inflowing exhaust gas.

[0039] In an embodiment of the present invention, the finned tube heat exchanger in the tail gas heat exchange - power generation module 1 is composed of fins and heat exchange tubes. The heat exchange tubes are serpentinely coiled perpendicular to the direction of the tail gas flow, and the internal structure can be adjusted according to the working requirements of the visible adsorbent 18 and the expected temperature of the inflowing tail gas. For example, the heat exchange tubes can be single - layer coiled or multi - layer coiled; the fins are penetrated by the heat exchange tubes, and their upper and lower surfaces are in close contact with the upper and lower bottom surfaces of the heat exchanger; the fins and heat exchange tubes can be made of metals or non - metals with high thermal conductivity coefficients. Specifically, they can be selected as stainless steel or aluminum alloy. The surface of the fins can be surface - treated to improve the utilization rate of the waste heat of the tail gas and the outflow temperature of the oxygen - rich air. The fins are made of metals or non - metals with high thermal conductivity coefficients, and can be selected as aluminum alloy or steel - aluminum materials. Their surfaces can be surface - treated, and their flat ends are connected to the thermoelectric chips with a high - thermal - conductivity synthetic polymer material. Specifically, thermal conductive silicone grease can be selected to improve the utilization rate of waste heat.

[0040] As Figure 1 - Figure 2 shown, the thermoelectric power generation array in the tail gas heat exchange - power generation module 1 is arranged by a plurality of thermoelectric chips 5. The upper part is in close contact with the cold - end heat exchanger 6, and the lower part is in close contact with the upper surface of the finned tube heat exchanger 4. The direct current 15 generated by the thermoelectric chips 5 flows into the power manager 3, where it is rectified, inverted, and boosted to obtain a standard output voltage alternating current 16 for supplying power to the system.

[0041] In an embodiment of the present invention, the thermoelectric power generation array in the tail gas heat exchange - power generation module 1 is arranged by a plurality of thermoelectric chips 5. The upper part is in close contact with the cold - end heat exchanger 6, and the lower part is in close contact with the upper surface of the finned tube heat exchanger 4. The contact part can be connected with a high - thermal - conductivity material; the direct current 15 generated by the thermoelectric chips 5 flows into the power manager 3, where it is rectified, inverted, and boosted to obtain a standard output voltage alternating current 16 for supplying power to the system. According to the power requirement of the system, the number of thermoelectric chips in the thermoelectric power generation array can be adjusted, or similar thermoelectric power generation arrays can be added to other surfaces of the finned tube heat exchanger 4. Among them, the thermoelectric chip 5 can be composed of a PN junction, a conductive sheet, and a ceramic sheet; the heat exchange tubes in the finned tube heat exchanger 4 can be single - layer coiled or multi - layer coiled; they can be coiled along the radial direction of the heat exchanger or along the axial direction of the heat exchanger. The fins in the finned tube heat exchanger 4 can be single - layer flat fins, or cross - shaped or other - shaped fins. The finned tube heat exchanger 4 can be a multi - layer structure to enhance heat transfer and improve the utilization rate of the waste heat of the tail gas.

[0042] As Figure 1 - Figure 2 shown, the cold - end heat exchanger 6 in the tail gas heat exchange - power generation module 1 is composed of an industrial water - cooled head or directly connected to the cooling system inherent in vehicles such as cars.

[0043] In the embodiment of the present invention, the cold-end heat exchanger 6 in the exhaust gas heat exchange - power generation module 1 can be composed of an industrial water-cooled head or directly connected to the cooling system inherent in vehicles such as automobiles. The cold-end heat exchanger is installed above the thermoelectric power generation array, enabling the upper surface of the thermoelectric chip to fully exchange heat with the cooling medium, thereby increasing the temperature difference across the thermoelectric chip. The cold-end heat exchanger 6 is composed of a liquid cooling system. The cold-end heat exchanger 6 can directly utilize the cooling device inherent in transportation equipment such as automobiles, and the coolant can be a conventional automotive coolant composed of components such as distilled water, ethylene glycol, and foam inhibitors.

[0044] As Figure 1 - Figure 2 shown, the exhaust gas heat exchange - power generation module 1 and the adsorption oxygen generation module 2 are connected through an upward gas path 13 and a downward gas path 14. The internal gas path of the adsorption oxygen generation module 2 is composed of an air compressor 7, a front-end D-shaped pipe 8, a first adsorption tower 9, a second adsorption tower 10, and a rear-end D-shaped pipe 11. The flow of gas inside the gas path is controlled by solenoid valves a - h 19 - 26. The oxygen enters the second adsorption tower 10 through the upward gas path 12.

[0045] In the embodiment of the present invention, the exhaust gas heat exchange - power generation module 1 and the adsorption oxygen generation module 2 are connected through an upward gas path 13 and a downward gas path 14. The internal gas path of the adsorption oxygen generation module 2 is composed of an air compressor 7, a front-end D-shaped pipe 8, a first adsorption tower 9, a second adsorption tower 10, and a rear-end D-shaped pipe 11. The flow of gas inside the gas path is controlled by solenoid valves. Specifically, when solenoid valves a, c, e, h are opened and solenoid valves b, d, f, g are closed, the high-pressure cold air pressed in by the air compressor 7 enters the first adsorption tower 9. The first adsorption tower 9 undergoes an adsorption process under low-temperature and high-pressure conditions. The product oxygen generated during the adsorption process enters the downward gas path 13, and a small portion of the product oxygen is sent through the flow valve 14 into the heat exchange tubes in the finned tube heat exchanger 4 to conduct convective heat exchange with the exhaust gas for heating, while most of the product oxygen is directed to the engine to improve combustion. The small portion of the high-temperature product oxygen after convective heat exchange enters the second adsorption tower 10 through the upward gas path 12. The second adsorption tower 10 undergoes a desorption process under high-temperature and low-pressure conditions. The nitrogen waste gas generated during the desorption process is discharged through the waste gas pipe 17. When solenoid valves a, c, e, h are closed and solenoid valves b, d, f, g are opened, the first adsorption tower 9 is in the desorption state while the second adsorption tower 10 is in the adsorption state. In the gas path, each pipeline can be composed of a heat-insulating material with a low thermal conductivity or be wrapped with a heat-insulating layer outside a general pipeline, such as glass wool.

[0046] As Figure 1 - Figure 2 shown, the air compressor 7 can provide air with a pressure not less than four standard atmospheres and press the air into the adsorption chambers 9 and 10 to achieve the normal separation of nitrogen and oxygen in the adsorption towers.

[0047] As Figure 1 - Figure 2As shown, the first adsorption tower 9 and the second adsorption tower 10 in the adsorption oxygen generation module 2 can be cylindrical, cuboid or other shapes. The adsorbent 18 in the adsorption tower adsorbs nitrogen in the air at room temperature and desorbs nitrogen under the flushing of high-temperature oxygen-rich air. The temperature of the gas introduced into the first adsorption tower 9 and the second adsorption tower 10 in the adsorption oxygen generation module 2 should be lower than 300K in the adsorption stage, and higher than 400K and less than 600K in the desorption stage.

[0048] In the embodiment of the present invention, the first adsorption tower 9 and the second adsorption tower 10 in the adsorption oxygen generation module 2 can be cylindrical, cuboid or other shapes. The adsorbent 18 in the adsorption tower can adsorb nitrogen in the air at room temperature and desorb nitrogen under the flushing of high-temperature oxygen-rich air, and can be a high-temperature-resistant lithium-type molecular sieve.

[0049] As Figure 1 - Figure 2 shown, the energy required by the air compressor 7 is provided by the thermoelectric chips 5 in the thermoelectric power generation array of the tail gas heat exchange - power generation module 1. The thermoelectric chips 5 output direct current 15 to the power supply manager 3 through the temperature difference between the tube-fin heat exchanger 4 and the cold-end heat exchanger 6, and obtain standard voltage alternating current 16 to supply the system to work.

[0050] In the embodiment of the present invention, the energy required for the system operation, especially the energy required by the air compressor 7, is mainly provided by the thermoelectric chips 5 in the thermoelectric power generation array of the tail gas heat exchange - power generation module 1. Specifically, the thermoelectric chips 5 utilize the temperature difference between the tube-fin heat exchanger 4 and the cold-end heat exchanger 6 to output direct current 15 to the power supply manager 3, and after rectification, inversion, and boosting, obtain standard voltage alternating current 16 to supply the system to work. When the thermoelectric power generation array is insufficient to provide the power required by the system due to insufficient tail gas temperature or environmental temperature change, the system can also be temporarily supported by the vehicle battery or other external energy sources to operate normally.

[0051] As Figure 1 - Figure 2 shown, in the specific implementation scheme of the present invention, the adsorption oxygen generation module 2 adopts a working mode of variable temperature - variable pressure coupled adsorption, adsorbing at low temperature and high pressure and desorbing at high temperature and low pressure. Specifically, it includes an air compressor 7; a front-end D-shaped pipe 8; a first adsorption tower 9; a second adsorption tower 10; a rear-end D-shaped pipe 11; an upward gas path 12; a downward gas path 13; a flow valve 14; an exhaust pipe 17; an adsorbent 18; a solenoid valve a 19; a solenoid valve b 20; a solenoid valve c 21; a solenoid valve d 22; a solenoid valve e 23; a solenoid valve f 24; a solenoid valve g 25; a solenoid valve h 26.

[0052] The first adsorption tower 9 and the second adsorption tower 10 are internally provided with an adsorbent 15, and the adsorbent 15 is arranged in the first adsorption tower 9 and the second adsorption tower 10. An air inlet is provided at the front end of each adsorption chamber, and an exhaust port is provided at the rear end. The air inlets of the first adsorption tower 9 and the second adsorption tower 10 jointly use the front-end D-shaped pipe 8 and are respectively connected to the air compressor 7 and the upward gas path 12. The air outlets of the first adsorption tower 9 and the second adsorption tower 10 jointly use the rear-end D-shaped pipe 8 and are respectively connected to the downward gas path 13 and the waste gas pipe 17 to ensure the continuous and stable output of oxygen during the movement of the adsorption chamber.

[0053] The front-end D-shaped pipe 8 includes two air inlet ends: the air compressor 7 and the upward gas path 12; two air outlet ends: respectively connected to the first adsorption tower 9 and the second adsorption tower 10. The rear-end D-shaped pipe includes two air inlet ends: respectively connected to the first adsorption tower 9 and the second adsorption tower 10; two air outlet ends: respectively connected to the downward gas path 13 and the waste gas pipe 17. The gas path connection mode of the two D-shaped pipes is controlled by eight solenoid valves a - h (19 - 26). Specifically, when the solenoid valves a, c, e, h (19, 21, 23, 26) are opened and the solenoid valves b, d, f, g (20, 22, 24, 25) are closed: The high-pressure cold air pressed in by the air compressor 7 enters the first adsorption tower 9, and the first adsorption tower 9 undergoes an adsorption process under low-temperature and high-pressure conditions. The product oxygen generated during the adsorption process enters the downward gas path 13, and a small part of the product oxygen is sent into the heat exchange tubes in the finned heat exchanger 4 through the flow valve 14 to conduct convective heat exchange with the tail gas for heating, and most of the product oxygen is sent to the engine to improve combustion; A small part of the high-temperature product oxygen after convective heat exchange enters the second adsorption tower 10 through the upward gas path 12, and the second adsorption tower 10 undergoes a desorption process under high-temperature and low-pressure conditions. The nitrogen waste gas generated during the desorption process is discharged through the waste gas pipe 17.

[0054] When the first adsorption tower 9 completes the adsorption process and the second adsorption tower 10 completes the desorption process, the eight solenoid valves simultaneously change the opening and closing directions, so that the first adsorption tower 9 is under high-temperature and low-pressure conditions and undergoes a desorption process; The second adsorption tower 10 is under low-temperature and high-pressure conditions and undergoes an adsorption process.

[0055] The above process is an adsorption cycle. During the adsorption cycle, one adsorption tower receives the high-pressure cold air pressed in by the air compressor 7 and undergoes adsorption under low-temperature and high-pressure conditions; The other adsorption tower receives a small part of the hot product oxygen and undergoes desorption under high-temperature and low-pressure conditions. After an adsorption cycle is completed, the working conditions of the two are exchanged to achieve the continuous output of oxygen, that is, there is always an adsorption tower in the adsorption state at any time.

[0056] Among them, the front-end D-shaped tube 8 and the rear D-shaped tube 11 are both rubber tubes. The adsorbent 18 can be made of materials such as LiLSX lithium molecular sieve, activated carbon, activated alumina, etc., to ensure efficient adsorption and desorption of nitrogen under the conditions of changing temperature and environment. The first adsorption tower 9 and the second adsorption tower 10 can adopt external shapes such as cylinders, cuboids, cubes, etc., and the interior should have a volume matching the traffic equipment where they are located. The valves in the gas input and output pipelines of the adsorption tower are selected as solenoid valves a-h to ensure the gas flow direction and prevent the pipeline from being blocked due to gas convection. The inlet and outlet gas pipes connected to the valves can both adopt rubber tubes to reduce the vibration noise of the device. When the downward gas path 13 outputs oxygen to the engine after passing through the flow valve 14, a gas condenser can be added at the exhaust port end to reduce the influence of gas temperature on the performance of the gas control valve and ensure the smoothness of the pipeline. An oxygen storage tank is arranged between the downward gas path 13 and the internal combustion engine to play a buffering role.

[0057] As Figure 1 - Figure 2 shown, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the front-end D-shaped tube 8; the first adsorption tower 9; the second adsorption tower 10; the rear-end D-shaped tube 11; the upward gas path 12; the downward gas path 13 are connected by welding. The working process of the device is as follows:

[0058] The waste heat-driven electric oxygen co-production combustion assistance system includes a waste heat exchange - power generation module, an adsorption oxygen production module, and a power supply manager. The waste heat exchange - power generation module mainly consists of a finned tube heat exchanger, a thermoelectric sheet, and a cold-end heat exchanger; the finned tube heat exchanger is connected to the automobile exhaust gas outlet pipe, and multiple groups of fins and heat exchange tubes are arranged on the finned tube heat exchanger to enhance heat transfer to the thermoelectric sheet and a small part of the product oxygen respectively. The upper and lower ends of the heat exchanger are tightly connected to the hot end of the thermoelectric sheet through heat-conducting glue, and the cold end of the thermoelectric sheet is tightly connected to the cold-end heat exchanger; the waste heat dissipated by the exhaust gas is collected using the characteristics of the fins to quickly and efficiently transfer heat to provide a heat source for the thermoelectric sheet, and the original liquid cooling system in the automobile is used to provide a cold source for the thermoelectric sheet through the cold-end heat exchanger, so as to generate a temperature difference to achieve continuous power generation. The conduction or disconnection of the relay is controlled by the main control board in the power supply manager, so as to invert and boost the unstable low-amplitude direct current generated by the waste heat exchange - power generation module to achieve a stable and usable power supply; the adsorption oxygen production module changes the pressure environment through a compressor, changes the temperature environment through a small part of the hot product oxygen, and controls the two adsorption towers to alternately be in the adsorption condition of low temperature and high pressure and the desorption environment of high temperature and low pressure through eight solenoid valves. The adsorbent adsorbs nitrogen by utilizing the affinity difference of the adsorbent for nitrogen at different temperatures and different pressures, and the adsorption efficiency of the adsorbent is improved through temperature and pressure swing coupled adsorption, thereby increasing the oxygen production. The pressure and flow rate of the gas are accurately controlled for the product oxygen through the flow valve, and the oxygen enters the diesel engine for auxiliary combustion through the exhaust branch to improve the combustion efficiency, so as to achieve the effects of enhancing power supply and reducing gas pollutant emissions.

[0059] The above are the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and modifications can be made, and these improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An electric-oxygen co-production combustion-supporting system driven by waste heat of tail gas, characterized in that The system includes: An exhaust gas heat exchange - power generation module (1), an adsorption oxygen generation module (2), and a power manager (3); The exhaust gas heat exchange - power generation module (1) includes a fin - tube heat exchanger (4), a thermoelectric sheet (5), and a cold - end heat exchanger (6). The thermoelectric sheet (5) is in close contact with the cold - end heat exchanger (6) and the fin - tube heat exchanger (4) respectively above and below; The adsorption oxygen generation module (2) includes an air compressor (7), a front - end D - shaped pipe (8), a first adsorption tower (9), a second adsorption tower (10), and a rear - end D - shaped pipe (11). The first adsorption tower (9) and the second adsorption tower (10) are filled with an adsorbent (18). Solenoid valves a - h (19 - 26) in the front - end D - shaped pipe (8) and the rear - end D - shaped pipe (11) control the gas flow direction. The exhaust gas heat exchange - power generation module (1) and the adsorption oxygen generation module (2) are connected through an upward gas path (13) and a downward gas path (14); The power manager (3) is connected to the air compressor (7) and the solenoid valves a - h (19 - 26).

2. The oxy-fuel co-combustion system driven by waste heat of tail gas according to claim 1, wherein In the exhaust gas heat exchange - power generation module (1), the fin - tube heat exchanger is composed of fins and heat - exchange tubes. The heat - exchange tubes are coiled in a serpentine shape perpendicular to the exhaust gas flow direction, and the internal structure is adjusted according to the working requirements of the visible adsorbent (18) and the expected temperature of the inflowing exhaust gas.

3. The oxy-fuel co-combustion system driven by waste heat of tail gas according to claim 1, wherein The thermoelectric power generation array in the exhaust gas heat exchange - power generation module (1) is arranged by a plurality of thermoelectric sheets (5). It is in close contact with the cold - end heat exchanger (6) above and the upper surface of the fin - tube heat exchanger (4) below. The direct current (15) generated by the thermoelectric sheet (5) flows into the power manager (3), and after rectification, inversion, and boosting, a standard output voltage alternating current (16) is obtained to supply power for the system operation.

4. The oxy-fuel combustion assisting system driven by waste heat of tail gas according to claim 1, wherein The cold - end heat exchanger (6) in the exhaust gas heat exchange - power generation module (1) is composed of an industrial water - cooled head or is directly connected to the cooling system inherent in vehicles such as automobiles.

5. A fuel combustion assisting system for combined power and oxygen generation driven by waste heat of tail gas according to claim 1, characterized in that, The exhaust gas heat exchange - power generation module (1) and the adsorption oxygen generation module (2) are connected through an upward gas path (13) and a downward gas path (14). The internal gas path of the adsorption oxygen generation module (2) is composed of an air compressor (7), a front - end D - shaped pipe (8), a first adsorption tower (9), a second adsorption tower (10), and a rear - end D - shaped pipe (11). The gas flow direction inside the gas path is controlled by solenoid valves a - h (19 - 26). The oxygen enters the second adsorption tower (10) through the upward gas path (12).

6. The oxy-fuel combustion assisting system driven by waste heat of tail gas according to claim 1, characterized in that, The air compressor (7) can provide air with a pressure not less than four standard atmospheric pressures and press the air into the adsorption chambers (9) and (10) to realize the normal separation of nitrogen and oxygen in the adsorption tower.

7. An oxy-fuel co-combustion system driven by waste heat of tail gas according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first adsorption tower (9) and the second adsorption tower (10) in the adsorption oxygen generation module (2) can be cylindrical, cuboid, or other shapes. The adsorbent (18) in the adsorption tower adsorbs nitrogen in the air at room temperature and desorbs nitrogen under the flushing of high - temperature oxygen - rich air.

8. A fuel combustion assisting system for combined power and oxygen generation driven by waste heat of tail gas according to claim 1, characterized in that, The temperature of the gas introduced into the first adsorption tower (9) and the second adsorption tower (10) in the adsorption oxygen generation module (2) should be lower than 300K during the adsorption stage, and higher than 400K and less than 600K during the desorption stage.

9. The oxy-fuel combustion assisting system for combined power and oxygen production driven by waste heat of tail gas according to claim 1, wherein, The energy required by the air compressor (7) is provided by the thermoelectric chips (5) in the thermoelectric power generation array of the exhaust heat exchange - power generation module (1). The thermoelectric chips (5) output direct current (15) to the power supply manager (3) through the temperature difference between the tube - fin heat exchanger (4) and the cold - end heat exchanger (6), and obtain standard - voltage alternating current (16) to supply the system for operation.

Images