Multifunctional heating experiment box with high-precision constant-temperature control and control system

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of temperature monitoring experiments, and discloses a high-precision constant-temperature control multifunctional heating experiment box and a control system, and the system comprises a visual experiment box body which is used for carrying out a visual experiment; the heating assembly and the temperature monitoring module are provided with two cast copper heating assemblies, and the cast copper heating assemblies are in a parabolic column shape and a cuboid shape and are used for different experiment scenes respectively; each heating assembly is provided with five thermocouple holes, and temperature data are collected in real time and fed back to the control system. The control system supports 48 temperature measuring points to work at the same time based on an Omron high-precision thermocouple and an itinerant detector data acquisition module; a user can set a temperature running program through a touch screen or a remote control interface, and 99 sections of different temperature and time combinations are supported. By simulating different power levels and decay heat conditions, the contact melting influence of heating assemblies in different shapes on a melting experiment piece is analyzed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to, but is not limited to, the technical field of high-precision constant temperature control, and particularly relates to a multi-functional heating experimental box and control system for high-precision constant temperature control. Background Art

[0002] Core melting is a complex system process, and a large number of experimental studies have been conducted internationally to simulate the melting process. In a core melting accident, as decay heat continues to be generated, some core materials begin to melt to form a molten pool. During the development of the molten pool, it is surrounded by high-temperature steam or cooling debris, and a relatively thick solidified shell will form outside the molten pool to keep the molten pool in its original state. Under the action of its own gravity, the high-temperature molten pool solidified shell will be squeezed and melted with the reactor internals (such as support plates, fuel elements, etc.). This melting is a typical contact melting process, and existing melting models cannot simulate this process well. Currently, most contact melting test benches focus on the energy storage field for the contact melting problem in the heating container. Due to different heating methods and melting processes, the contact melting experiments in the energy storage field have little reference value for the research on the contact melting phenomenon occurring during a reactor severe accident. Currently, among the experimental devices for reactor severe accident core melting, there are mainly fuel rod bundle melting test benches, but the contact melting process cannot be well experimentally simulated. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Aiming at the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a multi-functional heating experimental box and control system for high-precision constant temperature control.

[0004] The present invention is implemented as follows. A multi-functional heating experimental box and control system for high-precision constant temperature control, the system includes:

[0005] A visual experimental box body for conducting visual experiments;

[0006] A heating component and a temperature monitoring module, equipped with two types of cast copper heating components, which are parabolic cylinder type and cuboid type, respectively used for different experimental scenarios; each heating component is provided with 5 thermocouple holes to collect temperature data in real time and feedback it to the control system;

[0007] A control system, based on the Omron high-precision thermocouple and the data acquisition module of the inspection instrument, supports 48 temperature measurement points to work simultaneously; users can set the temperature operation program through the touch screen or the remote control interface, and support 99 combinations of different temperatures and times.

[0008] Furthermore, the exterior of the visualization experiment box is made of Q235 cold-rolled steel plate with a thickness of 1.5 mm through bending and welding; the surface color is "gray-white", and the surface is polished, phosphated, which can increase the corrosion resistance of the metal and the adhesion of the paint. The high-temperature spray coating is in the shape of large corrugations to prevent rust and corrosion; the interior material and process of the visualization experiment box adopt 1.5 mm high-quality 304 stainless steel, which is corrosion-resistant, oxidation-proof and processed with reinforcing ribs to prevent shaking and deformation. The bottom of the box is reinforced with channel steel and can bear a weight of 100 kg.

[0009] Furthermore, the drawer of the visualization experiment box is made of all steel and is combined with bearings and other components. The displacement stroke is not less than 400 mm, and the load-bearing capacity is greater than 70 KG. A fixed bolt is set on the left side, and the operation is simple and convenient, which can ensure the stability of the experiment;

[0010] A workbench is placed inside the drawer. Holes required for the experiment are opened on the workbench, and threaded pins are installed on the holes to facilitate the installation and cleaning of the experimental parts; the workbench is raised to facilitate observation and photography during the experiment; the holes on the workbench do not need to be blocked, and the liquid can flow down to the inside of the drawer along the holes;

[0011] There is a vertical scale on the left side of the drawer and a horizontal scale at the back; for safety considerations, the drawer inside the box uses a non-metallic high-temperature-resistant handle made of silicon carbide ceramics, and heat-insulating work anti-scald gloves are provided with the goods, which cooperate with the warning system of the equipment itself to prevent the operator from being scalded.

[0012] Furthermore, in the cast copper heating component, there are two shapes, namely: parabolic column cast copper heater and cuboid cast copper heater. There are 5 temperature measurement points designed on the upper surface of the two heaters, 3 in the center and 1 on each side;

[0013] The cast copper heater adopts direct current heating method, and its service life is usually 3 - 5 years, but this is also affected by factors such as environment, usage frequency and maintenance. The design of the two cast copper heater schemes required for this experimental bench is as follows:

[0014] For the parabolic column heating component, the length of the parabolic column is 20 cm, the width is 16 cm, and the height is 4 cm. The designed power is 1.5 KW, and two are made of copper material; multiple groups of thermocouples are configured on the surface of the heating component to measure the surface temperature;

[0015] For the cuboid heating component, the designed power is 1.2 KW, and two are made of copper material; multiple groups of thermocouples are configured on the surface of the heating component to measure the surface temperature;

[0016] Considering that the temperature of the cast copper heater is relatively high, for anti-scalding considerations, local temperature instruments will be arranged inside the box for temperature display, and there will be high-temperature warning signs at obvious positions in the operation manual and on the experimental bench to prevent misoperation by experimental operators.

[0017] Further, the heating element is made of all-copper casting, with 5 thermocouple holes and two heating power struts on it; quick-disconnect connectors for power and data are reserved on the back of the heating box and the control box, and a multi-core connection harness is configured between the control cabinet and the heating box for power supply and data transmission.

[0018] Further, the control system uses a 220V, 50HZ AC incoming line, with a total power of 3KW; it is divided into 48 K-type contact thermocouple temperature sensors according to the hardware layout position, and 1 is arranged in the control box connected to the lower part of the temperature test box; the K-type contact thermocouple temperature sensors measure and collect the temperature of the heater and the measured points of the heated parts; the data acquisition module of the temperature inspection instrument in the control box receives the sensor data for real-time data display; the control software at the PLC end collects and processes the thermocouple temperature data on the heater in real time, so as to complete functions such as data acquisition and maintenance of the target temperature; the PC can communicate with the inspection instrument and the PLC control system by wire, and the communication distance is greater than 10 meters.

[0019] Further, the specific implementation plan of the control system is as follows:

[0020] (1) Automatic constant temperature: The thermostat can automatically calculate and output the power according to the temperature value set by the user. When it is closer to the temperature set value, the output power is smaller, so as to achieve the purpose of constant temperature control and save energy and electricity.

[0021] (2) Over-temperature protection thermostat: The PID microcomputer intelligent built-in thermostat automatically tunes and calculates the output, with precise control. When the temperature exceeds the set value of the over-temperature protection thermostat, the heating power is automatically cut off.

[0022] (3) Heating tube control: Each heating tube uses a non-contact SSR (solid state relay).

[0023] (4) The power adjustment range of the power supply is 0 - 3KW; the programming resolution of the power supply is 0.1W; the display resolution is 1W; users can program the output voltage and current of the power supply through the REMOTE interface (DB26) analog quantity on the back panel of the power supply. At the same time, the REMOTE interface (DB26) on the back panel also provides monitoring signals for the output voltage and current for users; the ranges of the programming signal and the monitoring signal can be set to 0 - 5V or 0 - 10V through local control or remote communication.

[0024] (5) The analog output module of the PLC is connected to the REMOTE interface, and the output power of the power supply is controlled by outputting analog quantities to control the change of voltage or current. The change curve of the analog quantity is the change curve of the power. Through the buttons on the HMI, the changed power and the time of power change are input; at the same time, the power and time can be displayed on the HMI for monitoring, and the power can be adjusted in gears and steplessly variable; the two adjustment methods can be connected in series for application.

[0025] (6) The output power is adjustable, and the adjustment formula is shown in the formula P(t) = P0 + k * t; P(t) is the output power, P0 is the initial power, k is the slope value, and t is the time. The P(t) power output value changing with time can be obtained.

[0026] Furthermore, the control method and characteristics of the control system are as follows:

[0027] (1) Adopt a 5-inch touch screen programmable PLC controller;

[0028] (2) Can record temperature data in real time, store up to 1000 days of data, support U disk export of documents, and can be directly opened on the computer side;

[0029] (3) The controller intelligently controls the temperature change data, saves energy and dynamically adjusts the output power to ensure stable and energy-saving temperature;

[0030] (4) 99 temperature operation programs can be edited and set, and each program can run at 99 different temperatures and times;

[0031] (5) Cooperate with an intermediate relay for control;

[0032] (6) The heating method set by the power curve is switched through a conversion knob, switched to an adjustable power supply for self-heating, and the power can be automatically decreased according to a certain slope.

[0033] Another object of the present invention is to provide an information data processing terminal, and the information data processing terminal is used to implement the multi-functional heating experimental box and control system with high-precision constant temperature control.

[0034] Combined with the above technical solutions and the solved technical problems, the advantages and positive effects of the technical solution to be protected by the present invention are:

[0035] The multi-functional heating experimental box and control system with high-precision constant temperature control of the present invention have functions of high-precision temperature control, real-time monitoring and intelligent control, and can adapt to various experimental requirements. An infrared thermometer and a temperature display are equipped outside the box body, which can monitor the external temperature in real time and trigger a high-temperature alarm when the set threshold is exceeded to ensure the safety of the experiment.

[0036] The power supply and data interface of the heating component adopt a quick plug-and-play design, making the equipment maintenance and replacement more convenient and improving the experimental efficiency. During the experiment, in order to ensure the safety of the operator, the system provides anti-scald gloves and protection guidelines to reduce the risk brought by high-temperature operation.

[0037] The temperature control is precise, and the temperature uniformity of the heating component can reach ±2°C, ensuring the reliability of experimental data. The system supports long-term data recording and export functions. After the experiment, data analysis can be carried out to optimize experimental parameters or verify experimental results.

[0038] The present invention is flexibly applicable to experimental scenarios with multiple heating requirements, including nuclear power decay heat simulation, environmental testing, etc. By simulating different power levels and decay heat conditions, the influence of heating components of different shapes on the contact melting of the molten experimental piece can be studied, thereby enhancing the understanding of complex heating processes.

[0039] After the transformation of this technical solution, it can be applied to contact melting experiments, capable of simulating the contact melting processes of various heating methods and heating parts of various shapes, providing new experimental means for the study of contact melting mechanisms. In addition, the system can flexibly adjust experimental parameters to meet different experimental needs.

[0040] The present invention fills the technical gap in the field of heating and melting experiments at home and abroad. Most current heating and melting experiments adopt a fixed constant-power heating method, while this technical solution can achieve various heating methods such as constant temperature, constant power, and linear power through self-programming. The heating component can migrate downward as the material melts, more realistically simulating the complex heating and melting process under the decay heat conditions of the reactor core, and can also be used for in-depth research on contact melting mechanisms. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0041] Figure 1 is a front view schematic diagram of the visual heating experimental box provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 2 is a side view schematic diagram of the visual heating experimental box provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the drawer provided by an embodiment of the present invention: (a) drawer workbench and hole positions; (b) fixing diagram of hole position pins (c) hole position pins; (d) scale;

[0044] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the layout of the molten piece and temperature measurement points in the heating box provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the control system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 6 is the control interface provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 7 is a three-dimensional design of a parabolic column heating component provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 8It is a three-dimensional design of a cuboid heating component provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of the temperature display interface during data acquisition provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 10 It is a schematic diagram of the effect of the infrared temperature measurement system during the melting process provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 11 It is a graph of heating temperature and power data provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 12 It is a graph showing the change of the cross-sectional average heat flux density over time provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0053] In the figure: 1, pressure gauge; 2, thermometer; 3, overlimit alarm; 4, experimental bench; 5, movable side door; 6, observation movable door; 7, power supply box; 8, observation side window; 9, raised workbench; 10, handle; 11, telescopic drawer; 12, telescopic guide rail and fixed bolt; 13, scale; 14, guide post; 15, heating element; 16, temperature measurement thermocouple; 17, melting element. Detailed implementation manners

[0054] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0055] As Figure 1 shown, a pressure gauge 1, a thermometer 2 and an overlimit alarm 3 are provided on the top of the visualization experiment box body; a movable side door 5 is provided on the experimental bench 4, an observation movable door 6 is provided in the middle of the movable side door 5, and an observation side window 8 is provided on the side of the experimental bench 4 ( Figure 2 ); a power supply box 7 is provided at the lower part of the visualization experiment box body.

[0056] The outside of the visualization experiment box body is made of 1.5 mm thick Q235 cold-rolled steel plate by bending and welding; the surface color is "grayish white", and the surface is polished, polished and phosphated, which can increase the corrosion resistance of the metal, the adhesion treatment of the paint, and the high-temperature spray painting is in large corrugated shape to prevent rust and corrosion; the internal material and process of the visualization experiment box body adopt 1.5 mm high-quality 304 stainless steel, which is corrosion-resistant and oxidation-proof and processed with reinforcing ribs to prevent shaking and deformation, and the bottom of the box body is reinforced with channel steel and can bear 100 KG.

[0057] The high-precision constant-temperature control multifunctional heating experimental chamber and control system of the present invention achieve high stability and visual monitoring during the experimental process through precise temperature control technology and multifunctional design. A pressure gauge 1, a thermometer 2, and an overlimit alarm 3 are provided on the top of the experimental chamber body, which can display the temperature and pressure data of the experimental environment in real time and trigger an alarm when the set threshold is exceeded. The experimental table 4 is equipped with a movable side door 5, which includes an observation movable door 6, and an observation side window 8 is provided on the side, facilitating the experimenter to observe and adjust without affecting the experimental environment. A power supply box 7 is configured at the bottom of the chamber body to provide stable power supply for the entire system.

[0058] The experimental chamber body is made of Q235 cold-rolled steel plate with a thickness of 1.5 mm. It is processed by bending and welding, and then polished, buffed, and phosphated to improve the corrosion resistance of the metal surface and the adhesion of the coating. The surface is sprayed with high-temperature grayish-white plastic to form a large corrugated structure, enhancing the rust prevention performance and improving the corrosion resistance. The inside of the experimental chamber is made of high-quality 304 stainless steel with a thickness of 1.5 mm, which is corrosion-resistant and oxidation-proof. The internal structure is reinforced with reinforcing ribs to prevent deformation caused by vibration. The bottom of the chamber body is reinforced with a channel steel structure and can bear a weight of 100 kg to ensure the stability of the experimental process.

[0059] The heating components include two different-shaped cast copper heaters, namely parabolic column type and cuboid type, to meet different experimental requirements. Each heating component is provided with 5 thermocouple holes, which are reasonably distributed in the central and edge areas of the heating component to achieve accurate temperature acquisition. Through the thermocouple sensor, the temperature of the heating component is monitored in real time, and the data is fed back to the control system to ensure the temperature uniformity and stability during the experimental process.

[0060] The control system is based on the Omron high-precision thermocouple and data acquisition module for inspection, supporting 48 temperature measurement points to work simultaneously. This system can collect, analyze the temperature data of different areas in real time, and dynamically adjust the heating power to ensure the precise control of the temperature in the experimental environment. All temperature measurement data can be displayed on the control panel in real time for the experimenter to monitor the experimental status, and automatic adjustment can be achieved through a preset program.

[0061] The user can set the temperature operation program through the touch screen or the remote control interface. This system supports up to 99 combinations of temperature and time, making the experimental process more flexible. The temperature adjustment adopts the PID dynamic adjustment algorithm, combined with the PLC module, to achieve precise power adjustment and ensure the stability of the constant-temperature state. During the experimental process, all temperature data and heating status can be stored in real time, and data export is supported for subsequent analysis.

[0062] The experimental chamber provided by the present invention can meet various experimental requirements and is suitable for material heating experiments, constant temperature environment tests, and other scientific research that requires high-precision temperature control. The chamber structure is reasonably designed, with good heat resistance and mechanical strength. Combined with a high-precision temperature control system, the entire experimental process is more stable and safer, while achieving accurate recording and optimized management of experimental data.

[0063] As Figure 3 (a) shows, 11 is a visualization experimental chamber drawer. The drawer is made of all steel and uses a matching method such as bearings. The displacement stroke is not less than 400 mm, and the load-bearing capacity is greater than 70 KG. Telescopic guide rails and fixed pins 12 are set on the left side, and the operation is simple and convenient, which can ensure the experimental stability; an elevated workbench 9 is placed inside the drawer. Holes required for the experiment are opened on the workbench, and threaded pins are installed on the holes. The assembly method is as Figure 3 (b) shows. As Figure 3 (c) shows, the overall height of the threaded pin is 2 cm, of which 0.8 cm of the thread is inserted into the workbench hole, and the lower part is fixedly installed with the workbench through threading. The upper part of the threaded pin is paired with the fixed hole opened at the lower part of the melting part to fix the melting part, which is convenient for the installation of the melting part and its stability during the melting process; the workbench is elevated, which is convenient for observation and photography during the experiment; the holes on the workbench do not need to be blocked, and the molten material can flow down through the holes into the drawer, which is convenient for collection and cleaning;

[0064] Vertical and horizontal scales 13 are installed on the left and front sides of the workbench as Figure 3 (d), which is convenient for the installation of equipment before the experiment and the recording of the melting process during the experiment; for safety considerations, the drawer inside the chamber uses a silicon carbide ceramic non-metallic high-temperature resistant handle, and the experiment is equipped with heat-insulating work anti-scald gloves, which cooperate with the early warning system of the equipment itself to prevent the operator from being scalded.

[0065] The outside of the visualization experimental chamber is made of 1.5 mm thick Q235 cold-rolled steel plate, which is subjected to surface grinding, polishing, phosphating, and high-temperature spraying treatment to enhance corrosion resistance and rust prevention performance. The outside is in the shape of large gray waves, with good durability and aesthetics.

[0066] The inside is made of 1.5 mm high-quality 304 stainless steel, with corrosion resistance and oxidation resistance. Through rib processing and bottom channel steel reinforcement, it is ensured that the chamber can bear a load of 100 kg and has strong stability, and is suitable for high-temperature and high-pressure experimental environments.

[0067] The system is equipped with two types of cast copper heating components - parabolic column type and cuboid type, which are respectively adapted to different experimental requirements.

[0068] Each heating component is designed with 5 thermocouple holes to collect temperature data in real time.

[0069] Data is transmitted to the data acquisition module of the inspection instrument through Omron high-precision thermocouples to achieve real-time monitoring and feedback of the temperature inside the cabinet.

[0070] This multi-point temperature acquisition design improves the temperature control accuracy of the experimental chamber and provides a reliable temperature control basis for complex experiments.

[0071] The control system supports 48 temperature measurement points to work simultaneously. Combined with the touch screen or remote control interface, users can flexibly set the temperature operation program.

[0072] The temperature program supports 99 combinations of different temperatures and times, and complex temperature control process settings can be made according to experimental needs.

[0073] The system dynamically adjusts the power of the heating component through the temperature data collected by the inspection instrument to achieve high-precision constant temperature control.

[0074] This module ensures the temperature stability and experimental accuracy, meeting the requirements of multi-functional heating experiments.

[0075] The experimental chamber is equipped with drawers made of all-steel, using bearing slides and fixed bolts design, ensuring that the displacement stroke is not less than 400mm, the load-bearing exceeds 70KG, and the operation is convenient and highly stable.

[0076] The workbench is equipped with experimental holes, and threaded pins are installed for the fixation and cleaning of experimental parts. The increased design of the hole position is convenient for experimental observation and photography.

[0077] The holes are not blocked, and liquids or wastes can flow into the drawer for easy cleaning. Vertical and horizontal scales are respectively equipped on the left and rear for accurately adjusting the position of the experimental device according to experimental needs.

[0078] This design significantly improves the convenience and efficiency of experimental operations.

[0079] To ensure operation safety, the drawer handle is made of silicon carbide ceramic non-metallic material, which has high temperature resistance and excellent heat insulation performance to avoid scalding operators.

[0080] Heat-insulating work gloves are equipped with the equipment, working in coordination with the built-in temperature warning system of the system. When the temperature of the outer surface of the experimental chamber exceeds the set value, the system automatically alarms and cuts off the power supply.

[0081] This multi-level safety design reduces the risk of experimental operations and ensures the safety of operators.

[0082] This system combines versatility and high-precision control capabilities, and is suitable for various scenarios such as high-temperature material testing, chemical reactions, and temperature change experiments.

[0083] The visual experimental chamber provides clear experimental observation through high-temperature resistant glass windows, and records the experimental process in combination with high-definition camera equipment.

[0084] The integration of the drawer-type design and multi-point temperature control technology makes the experimental operation more convenient, while ensuring the high precision and reliability of experimental results.

[0085] This system provides powerful tool support for scientific research, industrial production, and teaching experiments.

[0086] As Figure 4 Shown is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the melting part 16 and the heating part 15 in the experiment. The melting part is fixed in the workbench 9 through a pin, and the temperature-measuring thermocouple 16 is inserted according to the experimental needs. A through-hole is opened in the middle of the heating part 15, and a guide rod 14 is inserted along the hole. The guide rod 14 is installed and fixed to the workbench through a pin. The insertion of the guide rod can ensure the vertical melting movement of the heating part, prevent the heating part from slipping during the melting process, and enhance the stability of the experiment.

[0087] As Figure 5 Shown, the control system uses a 220V, 50HZ AC incoming line, with a total power of 3kw; it is divided into 48 K-type contact thermocouple temperature sensors according to the hardware layout position, and 1 is arranged in the control box connected to the lower part of the temperature experiment box; the K-type contact thermocouple temperature sensor measures and collects the positions of the heater and the heated part; the data acquisition module of the temperature inspection instrument in the control box receives the sensor data and displays the real-time data; the PLC-end control software processes and displays the thermocouple temperature data on the heater in real time, thereby completing functions such as data acquisition and maintenance of the target temperature; the PC can communicate with the inspection instrument and the PLC control system by wire, and the communication distance is greater than 10 meters.

[0088] The specific implementation plan of the control system is as follows:

[0089] (1) Automatic constant temperature: The thermostat can automatically calculate and output the power according to the temperature value set by the user. When it is closer to the temperature set value, the output power is smaller, so as to achieve the purpose of constant temperature control and save energy.

[0090] (2) Over-temperature protection thermostat: The PID microcomputer intelligent built-in thermostat automatically tunes and calculates the output, with precise control. When the temperature exceeds the set value of the over-temperature protection thermostat, the heating power supply is automatically cut off.

[0091] (3) Heating tube control: Each heating tube uses a non-contact SSR (solid state relay).

[0092] (4) The power adjustment range of the power supply is 0 - 3KW; the programming resolution of the power supply is 0.1W; the display resolution is 1W; the user can program the output voltage and current of the power supply through the analog quantity of the REMOTE interface (DB26) on the back panel of the power supply. At the same time, the REMOTE interface (DB26) on the back panel also provides the monitoring signals of the output voltage and current for the user; the ranges of the programming signal and the monitoring signal can be set to 0 - 5V or 0 - 10V through local control or remote communication;

[0093] (5) The analog output module of the PLC is connected to the REMOTE interface, and the output power of the power supply is controlled by controlling the change of voltage or current through the output analog quantity. The change curve of the analog quantity is the change curve of the power. Through the buttons on the HMI, the changed power and the time of power change are input; at the same time, the power and time can be displayed on the HMI for monitoring, and the power can be adjusted in gears and steplessly; the two adjustment methods can be connected in series for application;

[0094] (6) The output power is adjustable, and the adjustment formula is shown in the formula P(t) = P0 + k * t; P(t) is the output power, P0 is the initial power, k is the slope value, and t is the time. The P(t) power output value changing with time can be obtained.

[0095] The control method and characteristics of the control system are as follows:

[0096] (1) Adopt a 5-inch touch screen programmable PLC controller;

[0097] (2) Can record temperature data in real time, store up to 1000 days of data, support U disk to export documents, and can be directly opened on the computer side;

[0098] (3) The controller intelligently controls the temperature change data, dynamically adjusts the output power for energy saving, and ensures stable temperature and energy saving;

[0099] (4) 99 temperature operation programs can be edited and set, and each program can run at 99 different temperatures and times;

[0100] (5) Control with a intermediate relay;

[0101] (6) The heating method set by the power curve is switched through the conversion knob, and it is switched to the adjustable power supply for self-heating, and the power can be automatically decreased according to a certain slope. The heating system of this experiment adopts PID dynamic adjustment, accurately controls the temperature through the visual experiment box body, and realizes the dynamic monitoring and data acquisition of the melting process. The experiment box body is equipped with multiple temperature measurement points, and the constant temperature target temperature and heating power are set through the control panel. During the experiment, the temperature data is displayed in real time, and the alarm system is triggered when the preset temperature or pressure is exceeded to ensure the safety of the experiment.

[0102] As Figure 7 、 8 shown, there are two shapes in the cast copper heating component, namely: parabolic column cast copper heater and cuboid cast copper heater. Five temperature measurement points are designed and arranged on the upper surface of the two heaters, with 3 in the center and 1 on each side; the cast copper heater adopts DC heating method to ensure the stability during the heating process. The heating component adopts a plug-and-play wiring method, which is convenient for replacement after the experiment is completed.

[0103] Considering that the temperature of the cast copper heater is relatively high, for the sake of preventing scalding, the temperature will be displayed on the local temperature instrument, and there are high-temperature warning signs at obvious positions in the operation manual and on the experimental bench to prevent misoperation by the experimental operators.

[0104] The heating element is made of all-copper casting, with 5 thermocouple holes and two heating power supports on it; quick-disconnect connectors for power and data are reserved on the back of the heating box and the control box, and a multi-core connecting wire harness is equipped between the control cabinet and the heating box for power supply and data transmission. The heating system adopts cast copper heaters, including two shapes of parabolic column type and cuboid type. There are multiple thermocouple holes inside the heating component, which can accurately obtain the temperature changes at different positions. During the experiment, the thermocouple sensor transmits the real-time collected temperature data to the PLC control module, and adjusts the heating power through the PID algorithm to ensure the uniform distribution and stability of the temperature.

[0105] The experimental box can monitor 48-channel thermocouple data, and all temperature data can be displayed in real time on the control panel and recorded in the data storage module. After the experiment is completed, the data can be exported through a USB flash drive for processing, Figure 11 showing the temperature change curves of each temperature measurement point during the experiment. The experimental data analysis shows that the temperatures at different measurement points all show a stable growth trend over time and remain stable during the constant temperature stage.

[0106] Using Fourier's law of heat conduction, the average heat flux density of each plane can be calculated and its change over time can be analyzed, as Figure 12 shown. The experimental data shows that during the melting process, the heat flux density will change significantly with the phase change of the material, and there is a jump in the heat flux density at a specific time point, indicating that the migration of the melt leads to local heat redistribution.

[0107] The experimental bench can simulate the migration and solidification effects of the melt during the contact melting process. Figure 9 、 10 shows the physical state changes of the melting sample during the experiment, and the flow characteristics and heating state of the melt can be clearly observed. The experimental data shows that the melt gradually flows in a high-temperature environment and solidifies in the later stage of the experiment, affecting the subsequent heat conduction and heating efficiency.

[0108] The experimental results show that this system can accurately control the experimental temperature, dynamically adjust the heating power, and provide accurate heat flux density data. The experimental bench can be used to study the heat transfer characteristics of molten materials, analyze the dynamic behavior of the melt, and provide reliable experimental support for further optimizing the contact melting process.

[0109] As described above, it is only the specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention shall be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-functional heating experimental box with high-precision constant temperature control, characterized in that, It includes a box body, a heating component, a temperature monitoring component and a structural support component; the box body is composed of an outer shell and an inner liner, the outer shell is made of cold-rolled steel plate, and the inner liner is made of stainless steel material; the heating component includes at least two different-shaped cast copper heating units, and each heating unit is provided with a plurality of temperature measurement holes; the temperature monitoring component includes a plurality of temperature measurement points and a data transmission interface; the structural support component includes a reinforcement structure at the bottom of the box body and an experimental platform.

2. The multifunctional heating experimental chamber with high-precision constant temperature control according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thickness of the outer shell of the box body is 1.5 mm, which is formed by bending and welding cold-rolled steel plates, and the surface is phosphated and then subjected to high-temperature plastic spraying; the thickness of the inner liner of the box body is 1.5 mm, which is made of 304 stainless steel plate and is provided with a reinforcing rib structure.

3. The multifunctional heating experimental chamber with high-precision constant temperature control according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heating component includes a parabolic column cast copper heating unit and a cuboid cast copper heating unit; five temperature measurement holes are provided on the surface of each heating unit, among which three temperature measurement holes are provided in the center, and one temperature measurement hole is provided on each side; the heating unit adopts a DC heating method and is equipped with a power connection port.

4. The multifunctional heating experimental chamber with high-precision constant temperature control according to claim 1, wherein, The temperature monitoring component includes a K-type thermocouple sensor, and a thermocouple hole is provided for sensor installation; the temperature monitoring component is connected to an external device through a data transmission interface.

5. The multifunctional heating experimental box with high-precision constant temperature control according to claim 1, characterized in that, The structural support component includes a channel steel reinforcement structure at the bottom of the box body, and the load-bearing capacity is not less than 100 kg; the experimental platform is provided with a plurality of experimental hole positions and adopts a detachable design.

6. The multifunctional heating experimental chamber with high-precision constant temperature control according to claim 1, characterized in that, The box body is provided with a movable side door, an observation window and a drawer-type experimental table; the drawer-type experimental table is made of all steel, the stroke is not less than 400 mm, the load-bearing capacity is greater than 70 kg, a fixed bolt is provided on the side, and a non-metallic high-temperature resistant handle is provided at the front end of the drawer.

7. An experimental chamber control system with high-precision constant temperature control, characterized in that, It includes a PLC control unit, a temperature inspection instrument data acquisition module, a K-type contact thermocouple sensor, a power control module and a human-machine interface; the PLC control unit is connected to the temperature inspection instrument data acquisition module to receive real-time data of a plurality of temperature measurement points; the power control module is connected to the heating component, and the output power is adjusted by the PLC control unit; the human-machine interface is used for parameter setting and data monitoring.

8. The experimental box control system according to claim 7, wherein The control system supports three heating modes: constant temperature, constant power and linear power; the PLC control unit calculates the output power according to the set heating mode and adjusts the heating power of the heating component through the power control module.

9. The experimental box control system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The temperature inspection instrument data acquisition module supports at least 48 K-type thermocouple sensor inputs. After the data of each temperature measurement point is processed by the PLC control unit, it is displayed in real time on the human-machine interface; the control system supports data storage and export functions and provides a remote communication interface.

10. The experimental box control system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The power control module uses a non-contact solid-state relay (SSR) to control each group of heating units, and supports a power adjustment range of 0 - 3 KW; the power adjustment is achieved by the PLC outputting an analog signal to the REMOTE interface on the back panel of the power supply to control the output voltage and current, and the power change rate can be adjusted according to the set curve.

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