Integrated protective envelope material as well as preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses an integral protective envelope material as well as a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of integral protection. The waterproof moisture-permeable layer of the integral protective envelope is obtained by mixing materials, extruding paste, calendering, stretching and sintering; the waterproof moisture-permeable layer is developed through a PTFE microporous film technology, the fiber cloth layer is developed through waterproof and oil-proof finishing and flame-retardant finishing of the ultra-high-strength fiber cloth, the whole material is protected by designing the protective layer of a net-shaped structure, and the wear resistance of the material is improved; the integral protective envelope provided by the invention is simple and convenient to operate, and is convenient to seal or unseal; rain, water and dust can be effectively prevented; and outward diffusion of surface and internal moisture is not influenced after sealing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of integrated protection, and particularly to an integrated protection envelope material, a preparation method thereof, and an application thereof. Background Art

[0002] In coastal areas, especially during the rainy season in coastal areas, the climate characteristics are high temperature, high humidity, high air salt content, large rainfall, etc. Metals are extremely prone to corrosion in such an environment. For equipment that needs to work in the sea, on the one hand, when the equipment is stored outdoors in coastal areas for a long time for work needs, if it is exposed to the coastal environment for storage, it is extremely easy to cause corrosion. Once it is needed for work, the equipment cannot be put into use normally. On the other hand, after the equipment works in the sea, it is often directly stored on the shore base. The reciprocating alternation of working in the sea and storing on the shore base, due to the limitations of on-site working conditions after working in the sea, the accumulated water on the equipment cannot be effectively cleaned. Without effective protection, the combined action of accumulated water, salt spray, and even rainfall will cause serious corrosion of the exposed metal of the integrated equipment. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out integrated protection and storage for equipment stored on the shore base or outdoors in the coastal environment.

[0003] The existing common storage technologies mainly include two categories. One is the barrier full envelope. This technology has great difficulty in storage and unsealing operations, and the operation time is long (the storage time is about 4 hours, and the unsealing time is about 2 hours); the amount of the storage agent is large, and the total amount of the storage agent for each set of equipment during each storage is about 20 - 50 kg; the maintenance requirements are high. Regular personnel need to monitor the storage effect, and at the same time, there are also high treatment requirements and the requirements that the surface and the inside must be dry. The other is the protective semi-envelope. The internal environment of this technology cannot be controlled. The waterproof material is impermeable to moisture, and the internal moisture cannot be discharged, forming a high-humidity internal environment that accelerates corrosion. The semi-envelope is made of tarpaulin material, which can simply prevent water. However, if the rainfall is large, the tarpaulin will be completely soaked, and then the moisture will enter the storage interior. Based on the above defects, there is an urgent need in the prior art to provide a storage technology that is easy to operate, convenient for storage or unsealing, can effectively cope with the external climate, and has air permeability for application in the field of integrated protection technology. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Based on the above technical problems to be solved by the present invention, the present invention adopts an integrated protection envelope material, a preparation method thereof, and an application thereof.

[0005] One of the objectives of the present invention is to provide a complete protective envelope material. The complete protective envelope material includes, from top to bottom, a mesh structure protective layer, an adhesive layer, a waterproof and moisture-permeable layer, an adhesive layer, and a fiber cloth layer; the waterproof and moisture-permeable layer is a PTFE waterproof and moisture-permeable layer; the thickness of the waterproof and moisture-permeable layer is 20 - 40 μm, the maximum pore diameter is 0.3 - 3 μm, the minimum pore diameter is 0.2 - 1 μm, the pore diameter distribution width is 0.1 - 1.5 μm, the average pore diameter is 0.3 - 1.4 μm, and the number of pores per unit area is 30 - 150×10 6 / cm 2 , the contact angle θ is not less than 110°; the mesh structure protective layer is a polyester fabric; the breaking strength of the fiber cloth layer is not less than 1800 N / 50 mm, the oil resistance performance is no swelling, no brittle fracture, no delamination, the flame retardant performance is less than 10 s, the strength after 500 h of light aging is not less than 500 N / 50 mm, the right-angle tear strength is not less than 300 kN / m, the interlayer peel strength is not less than 5 N / 50 mm, and the mildew resistance is grade 0; the adhesive layer is a hot melt adhesive.

[0006] Further, the waterproof and moisture-permeable layer is a PTFE film coated with an oil-repellent and hydrophilic polyurethane film; the waterproof and moisture-permeable layer is composed of PTFE resin powder, hexafluoropropylene, liquid paraffin, coupling agent, toluene, and xylene.

[0007] Further, the mesh structure protective layer is woven from 30D polyester × 30D polyester fibers.

[0008] Further, the fiber cloth layer material is polyester, nylon, or cotton cloth; the hot melt adhesive is a solid adhesive based on a thermoplastic polymer.

[0009] Another objective of the present invention is to provide a preparation method for the above-mentioned complete protective envelope material, including: S1. Mix materials to obtain a mixture, ripen the mixture, and sieve out larger powder particles to obtain a mixed material; S2. Press the mixed material on a compacting machine into a cylindrical blank, and the paste-like powdered resin forms an easily processable semi-solid under the pressure of the compacting machine to obtain a semi-solid blank; S3. Form a sheet-like blank from the semi-solid blank through an extruder; S4. Roll the sheet-like blank through a two-roll machine with equal speeds of the front and rear rollers to obtain a rolled base film; S5. Stretch the base film, and perform transverse stretching on the basis of longitudinal stretching to obtain a stretched film; S6. Sinter the stretched film to obtain a waterproof and moisture-permeable layer; S7. Bond the mesh structure protective layer, the adhesive layer, the waterproof and moisture-permeable layer, the adhesive layer, and the fiber cloth layer in order from top to bottom to obtain a complete protective envelope material.

[0010] Further, the aging temperature is 30-35°C; the extruder is a screw extruder or a plunger extruder; the fiber cloth layer is made of 200-400D polyester cloth after waterproof, flame retardant and anti-aging finishing. Further, the preparation of the integrated protective envelope material adopts a lamination composite method; the lamination composite method is the powder dot coating method of dry lamination; the powder dot coating method uses a hot melt adhesive; the hot melt adhesive is hot melt glue. Further, the powder dot coating method of dry lamination includes: S91. Pack the powdery hot melt glue in a funnel, and use a scraper to embed the powder particles in the engraving roller pits until the pits are filled, obtaining the hot melt glue aggregated in the pits; S92. Heat the engraving roller to partially melt the hot melt glue powder particles aggregated in the pits, obtaining the hot melt glue bonded into a mass; S93. The fabric is heated by a heating roller and then passes through the engraving roller, and the hot melt glue bonded into a mass is thermally transferred and bonded to the fabric, obtaining the integrated protective envelope material with uniform and neat powder dots.

[0011] The third object of the present invention is to provide an application of an integrated protective envelope, and the application includes an integrated protective envelope.

[0012] The fourth object of the present invention is to provide a preparation of an integrated protective envelope, including: S10.1. Combining the shape of the integrated equipment, and according to the principles of facilitating installation, disassembly, reserving inspection openings, and being able to complete the internal inspection or item taking of the integrated equipment without unsealing, designing the envelope size; setting high-strength elastic bands at the root, middle and bottom of the inspection opening of the integrated equipment to obtain the designed integrated protective envelope sleeve body material; S10.2. According to the quantity requirements, use a wallpaper knife, a cloth cutting machine, and an electric shear to cut the designed integrated protective envelope sleeve body material into the required size to obtain the cut integrated protective envelope sleeve body material; S10.3. Adopt a double-needle electric sewing machine and use waterproof needles for sewing to combine the cut integrated protective envelope sleeve body material with the sleeve body material and combine the waterproof zipper with the sleeve body material to obtain an integrated protective envelope.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention proposes an integrated protective envelope material, its preparation method and application, and has the following beneficial effects: The present invention proposes an integrated protective envelope that is easy to operate and convenient for sealing or unsealing operations. Further, the present invention can effectively prevent rain, water and dust. Further, after sealing, the present invention does not affect the outward diffusion of moisture on the surface and inside of the integrated protective envelope. Description of the Drawings

[0014] Figure 1 Shows an overall technical route diagram of an integrated protective envelope according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0015] Figure 2Shows the electron microscope photograph of a PTFE 1 sample in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 3 Shows the product structure diagram of a complete protective envelope body material in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 4 Shows the overall process route diagram of a complete protective envelope in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 5 Shows the equipment diagram of a three-dimensional mixer in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 6 Shows the working principle diagram of a paste extruder in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 7 Shows the equipment diagram of a paste extruder in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 8 Shows the equipment diagram of a calender in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 9 Shows the width expanding principle diagram of a width expander in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 10 Shows the equipment diagram of a width expander in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 11 Shows the equipment diagram of a powder dot laminating compounding machine in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed implementation manners

[0025] Hereinafter, the exemplary embodiments of the present application will be described in more detail with reference to the drawings. Although the exemplary embodiments of the present application are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present application can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments set forth herein. On the contrary, these embodiments are provided so that the present application can be more thoroughly understood and the scope of the present application can be completely conveyed to those skilled in the art.

[0026] In the following embodiments, unless otherwise specified, the technical means used are conventional means well known to those skilled in the art, and the reagents and materials in the present invention are obtained from the market or other public channels.

[0027] A complete protective envelope material and its preparation method and application according to the present invention mainly include the following technical principles:

[0028] Please refer to Figure 1, the present invention comprehensively considers the protection requirements, and aims at the protection characteristics of integrated equipment in the marine humid environment. The material of the integrated protection envelope body is prepared. The waterproof and moisture-permeable layer is developed through the PTFE microporous film technology. The fiber cloth layer is developed through the waterproof, oil-proof and flame-retardant finishing of the ultra-high-strength fiber cloth. And the overall material is protected by designing a mesh structure protective layer to improve the wear resistance of the material. And a suitable bundling belt form is designed to develop an integrated protection envelope with good service performance, reliable wind resistance, oil resistance and other properties.

[0029] Based on the above principle, the present invention proposes an integrated protection envelope material, its preparation method and application, including:

[0030] S1. Mix the materials, ripen the mixture at 30 - 35 °C for 8 h, and sieve out the larger powder particles to obtain the mixed material;

[0031] S2. Press the mixed materials on a briquetting machine into a cylindrical blank. The paste-like powdered resin forms an easily processable semi-solid under the pressure of the briquetting machine to obtain the blank;

[0032] S3. Form the blank into a sheet-like strip blank through an extruder;

[0033] S4. Roll the sheet-like strip blank through a two-roll machine with equal speeds of the front and rear rollers to obtain the rolled basic film;

[0034] S5. Stretch the basic film, and perform transverse stretching on the basis of longitudinal stretching to obtain the stretched film;

[0035] S6. Sinter the stretched film to obtain the waterproof and moisture-permeable layer.

[0036] Example 1

[0037] The present invention proposes a research and test on the waterproof and moisture-permeable layer.

[0038] It mainly includes:

[0039] Compare and analyze the moisture permeability and hydrostatic pressure resistance performance of various existing materials (mainly including PTFE waterproof and moisture-permeable materials, tightly woven waterproof and moisture-permeable fabrics, and PU waterproof and moisture-permeable coated fabrics).

[0040] Results: Currently, existing waterproof and moisture-permeable fabrics can basically be divided into three types: high-density woven fabrics; non-porous film laminated and coated fabrics; PTFE film laminated and coated fabrics. The diameter of micropores in high-density woven fabrics is generally between 0.2 and 5 microns, which is smaller than the minimum diameter of light fog (20 - 100 microns) and much larger than the diameter of water vapor molecules (0.0003 - 0.0004 microns). This allows water vapor to pass through these permanent physical micropores by diffusion, while water droplets cannot pass through. Coupled with the hydrophobicity of the fabric and the film itself, it forms the ability of waterproof and moisture permeability. For non-porous film laminated and coated fabrics, the coating or film covers all spaces of the fabric, so it can be waterproof. The free volume formed by the thermal motion of the coating agent polymer and the space between polymers constitute chemical pores that allow water vapor molecules to diffuse. If the content and arrangement of hydrophilic groups on the coating agent or film polymer chain are appropriate, they can interact with water molecules. With the help of hydrogen bonds and other intermolecular forces, water vapor molecules can pass through the coating or film from the high-humidity side through the process of "adsorption - diffusion - desorption". In PTFE film laminated and coated fabrics, the waterproof and moisture-permeable principle mainly varies depending on the composition of the film. Its waterproof property is better than that of high-density woven fabrics, but its moisture permeability is not as good as that of high-density woven fabrics. If the PTFE film itself is water-repellent, for example, one side of the PTFE microporous film is coated with hydrophilic polyurethane to form a two-component film, its moisture permeability is not as good as that of high-density woven fabrics, but its waterproof property is greatly improved.

[0041] Table 1 Moisture Permeability and Hydrostatic Pressure Resistance Performance of Various Materials

[0042] Serial number Material name Moisture permeability Hydrostatic pressure resistance 1 PTFE waterproof and moisture-permeable material <![CDATA[5000 - 10000 g / m 2 ·24 h]]> 80 - 150 kpa 2 Tightly woven waterproof and moisture-permeable fabric <![CDATA[> 5000 g / m 2 ·24 h]]> < 10 kpa 3 PU waterproof and moisture-permeable coated fabric <![CDATA[<1000g / m 2 ·24h]]> 100 - 300 kpa

[0043] Please refer to Table 1. The PTEE waterproof and moisture-permeable material has a good comprehensive moisture permeability and hydrostatic pressure resistance. It is a relatively good waterproof and moisture-permeable material, and this material has the characteristics of good flame retardancy, high technology maturity, and stable light and heat aging performance of the finished product. Therefore, the present invention selects the PTFE waterproof and moisture-permeable material as the waterproof and moisture-permeable layer of the overall protection envelope body material.

[0044] Example 2

[0045] The present invention proposes a research and test on the formula of the waterproof and moisture-permeable layer.

[0046] It mainly includes:

[0047] (1) Selection of matrix resin

[0048] Based on the performance index requirements for the PTFE matrix resin used to manufacture microporous films (please refer to Table 2), the present invention selects a suitable matrix resin.

[0049] Table 2 Performance Indexes of Resin Materials

[0050]

[0051]

[0052] (2) Research on the formula of the waterproof and moisture-permeable layer

[0053] The PTFE powder will be mixed with a liquid lubricant in proportion to form a paste-like powder. In this invention, the liquid lubricant is selected through experiments as an organic solvent that is easily wetted and absorbed by the resin, easy to diffuse, does not undergo chemical changes, and leaves no carbon residue after volatilization, such as toluene, petroleum ether, solvent oil, paraffin oil, etc., and the proportion of each component is studied through experiments.

[0054] Results: (1) The dispersion resin powder selected in this invention is for emulsion polymerization, with high crystallinity (≥98%), a relative molecular mass of 2 million - 10 million to meet the requirements of tensile properties. The primary particle diameter of the polytetrafluoroethylene dispersion liquid is 0.2 - 0.3 μm, and the secondary particle diameter after coagulation is about 500 μm. The resin has a large specific surface area. After absorbing the organic solvent and being heat-treated and stretched, the resulting product has good strength.

[0055] (2) The formula of the waterproof and moisture-permeable layer of this invention consists of PTFE resin powder, hexafluoropropylene, liquid paraffin, coupling agent, toluene, and xylene. The specific proportions are shown in Table 3.

[0056] Table 3 Product formula

[0057] Serial number Name Model Ratio (mass fraction) 1 PTFE resin powder Grade: M - 532 76.8 2 Hexafluoropropylene Analytical grade 0.2 3 Liquid paraffin - 5 4 Coupling agent - 1 5 Toluene - 12 6 Xylene - 5

[0058] Example 3

[0059] This invention proposes an experimental study on the waterproof and moisture-permeable mechanism of the waterproof and moisture-permeable layer.

[0060] Mainly including:

[0061] (1) Research on the moisture-permeable mechanism

[0062] This invention studies the moisture-permeable mechanism. The transfer of air and water vapor in the sleeve material can be regarded as a molecular diffusion process in a porous solid medium. According to the mass transfer theory, molecular diffusion in a solid can be divided into two types. One is diffusion that is basically independent of the internal structure of the solid, and the other is diffusion in a porous medium related to the internal structure of the solid. The process of fabric absorbing moisture and transferring water through the fibers themselves can be regarded as the former type of diffusion. And the diffusion of water through the pore channels in the microporous film of the waterproof and moisture-permeable material is the latter type of diffusion. This diffusion is mainly related to the pore shape, size of the porous medium, and the mean free path of gas molecule movement (represented by λ).

[0063] According to the diameter size of the capillary pores in the porous medium, the diffusion mechanism in the porous medium can be divided into three types.

[0064] a. When the average diameter of molecular diffusion d > 100λ, the pore diameter is relatively large. When gas or liquid molecules pass through the pores, collisions mainly occur between fluid molecules, and the chance of collision between fluid molecules and the pore wall is relatively small. This type of diffusion follows Fick's diffusion law and is therefore also called Fick-type diffusion.

[0065] b. Knudsen diffusion When the relationship between the average pore diameter d in the solid medium and the average molecular free path is λ > 10d, the pore diameter is relatively small. The chance of collision between molecules and the pore wall is more than the chance of collision between molecules. When the fluid diffuses through the pores, collisions mainly occur between fluid molecules and the pore wall, and the collision between fluid molecules takes a secondary position. This type of diffusion no longer follows Fick's law and is called Knudsen diffusion.

[0066] c. Transition diffusion If the average molecular free path λ is not much different from the average diameter d of the pore, this type of diffusion is called transition diffusion. Under such conditions, both the collision between molecules and the collision between molecules and the pore wall are important.

[0067] The diffusion mechanisms of the three types are different, and their diffusion mass transfer characteristics and calculation methods are also different. It can be seen from this that the pore structure parameters of the microporous film have an essential impact on the moisture permeability of the film.

[0068] Since in the microporous film, the average pore diameter of the micropores is much larger than the diameter of water molecules, the diffusion of water vapor molecules in the film belongs to molecular diffusion in the diffusion mechanism of gas in porous materials. At this time, the collision effect between water molecules and the pore wall can be ignored, which provides a necessary condition for the passage of water vapor. According to the Hagen - Poiseuille equation, the theoretical moisture permeability (kg / m 2 ·s) can be obtained:

[0069]

[0070] In the formula: N - the number of pores per unit area; r - the average radius of the pores; b - the thickness of the film; ΔP - the pressure difference across the film; η - the viscosity coefficient; k - the tortuosity coefficient of the channel; R - the gas constant (8.3144 J / k·mol); T - the temperature, K; M - the molar mass of water 0.0180 kg / mol; P0 - the average pressure of water vapor.

[0071] Actually, it is the average water vapor concentration (kg / m 3 ), and the above formula can be written as:

[0072]

[0073] where C is a constant.

[0074] (2) Research on the waterproof mechanism

[0075] In a capillary where micropores are formed, the liquid-gas interfacial tension of the meniscus surface is added to the capillary liquid column. According to Laplace's equation, the additional pressure ΔP is as follows:

[0076]

[0077] In the formula: γLG - the surface energy of the liquid-gas interface or the liquid-gas interfacial tension, usually called the surface tension, which is 0.0725 N / m for water at 20°C; ρ1, ρ2 - the radii of curvature of the two axial directions of the curved surface.

[0078] For a cylindrical capillary cavity, when ρ = ρ1 = ρ2, we have:

[0079]

[0080] Since:

[0081]

[0082] In the formula:

[0083] r - the equivalent radius of the capillary; θ - the advancing contact angle between the inner wall of the capillary and the liquid, and its value for PTFE is 118°.

[0084] ΔP is positive outward, so we have:

[0085]

[0086] What is obtained hereby is the formula for simplifying the micropores in the film into a cylindrical capillary model. The formula shows that when the advancing contact angle between the inner wall of the capillary and the liquid is greater than 90°, the water entering the capillary is subjected to the liquid-gas interfacial tension to form an additional pressure outward. Therefore, to make water pass through the micropores, a force greater than the resistance generated by this surface tension is required. When r = 1 μm, it is calculated that ΔP is about 72.5 kPa, that is, an external pressure of at least 7.2 m of water column is required to make water pass through the capillary micropores; that is to say, for a PTFE microporous film with a pore diameter of 1 μm, its theoretical water pressure resistance value is 72.5 kPa. Considering that the micropores in the PTFE microporous film are actually not a straight channel, but a network structure formed by the channels in the film, the actual test value should be greater than the calculated value of the theoretical model.

[0087] Results: (1) Referring to the above mechanism analysis results, it can be seen that the main factors of the film material itself that affect the theoretical moisture permeability are the micropore diameter, the number of pores per unit area, the film thickness, and the tortuosity coefficient of the channels. Under the steady diffusion state, the theoretical moisture permeability of water diffusing through these pores is inversely proportional to the thickness of the channels and directly proportional to the pressure difference on both sides of the film. At the same time, if the pores are more curved, the more opportunities for the diffusing molecules to collide with the pore walls, the greater the moisture transfer resistance of the film, and the smaller the theoretical moisture permeability. The larger the micropore diameter, the larger the free cross-sectional area for water molecule diffusion, the smaller the moisture transfer resistance, and the larger the theoretical moisture permeability. On the other hand, the size of the pore opening in the film directly affects the diffusion resistance generated by the contraction of the diffusion trajectory of water molecules before entering the pores. The larger the pore diameter on the side where water leaves the fabric, the larger the free cross-sectional area for water diffusion, the smaller the corresponding moisture transfer resistance, and the larger the theoretical moisture permeability.

[0088] (2) From the analysis results, it can be seen that the main factors affecting the hydrostatic pressure resistance of the microporous film are the micropore diameter r and the contact angle θ. When 90° < θ ≤ 180°, the larger the θ, the higher the hydrostatic pressure resistance. The advancing contact angle between the inner wall of the micropores of the polytetrafluoroethylene microporous film and water is 118°, the receding contact angle is 91°, and the contact angle is 104°, which is the largest among various materials; the smaller the r, the higher the hydrostatic pressure resistance. The micropore radius of the microporous film is very small, only hundreds of nanometers, so the hydrostatic pressure resistance is very high, and its pore diameter is smaller than the diameter of the smallest raindrop, so the raindrop cannot directly penetrate.

[0089] Theoretically, the hydrostatic pressure resistance has nothing to do with the film thickness. In fact, the thinner the film thickness, the lower the mechanical strength, which can cause a decrease in waterproof performance. The calculation results also show that when the capillary is in a vertical position, the influence of the gravity caused by the height of the water accumulated on the film surface can be ignored.

[0090] Example 4

[0091] The present invention proposes a research test on the pore size of the waterproof and moisture-permeable layer.

[0092] It mainly includes:

[0093] The present invention comprehensively considers that the waterproof and moisture-permeable performance of the integrated protective sheath material is determined by the waterproof and moisture-permeable layer. To achieve the purpose of the present invention, the present invention designs the waterproof and moisture-permeable performance indicators of the waterproof and moisture-permeable layer (please refer to Table 4).

[0094] Table 4 Product Waterproof and Moisture-Permeable Performance

[0095] Test item Technical index Test method Water vapor transmission rate <![CDATA[≥5000g / m 2 ·24h]]> GB / T1037 - 1988 Hydrostatic pressure resistance level ≥ 5 levels GB / T4744 - 1997

[0096] Based on the waterproof and moisture-permeable mechanism and combined with the marine humid, simple temperature and humidity conditions, the present invention calculates and obtains the characteristics of the waterproof and moisture-permeable layer (see Table 5).

[0097] Table 5 Characteristics of the waterproof and moisture-permeable layer

[0098] Serial number Name Unit Value Remarks 1 Thickness μm 20-40 2 Maximum pore diameter μm 0.3-3 3 Minimum pore diameter μm 0.2-1 4 Pore size distribution width μm 0.1-1.5 5 Average pore diameter μm 0.3-1.4 6 Number of pores per unit area <![CDATA[10 6 / cm 2 > 30-150 7 Material - θ ≥ 110° θ is the contact angle

[0099] Through theoretical calculations and considering the material property characteristics, the present invention designed three single microporous film materials with different pore sizes and conducted tests on moisture permeability and hydrostatic pressure resistance performance.

[0100] Results: For the comparison data of the experimental results (see the comparison data of the experimental results in Table 6), please refer to Figure 2 , through the comparison of material properties, it can be seen that for the PTFE 3 material, the contact angle θ (°) is relatively small, so the hydrostatic pressure resistance is small and it cannot reach the 5-level requirement of the project. While for the PTFE1 and PTFE2 specimens, the moisture permeability and hydrostatic pressure resistance performance are relatively average and meet the design requirements. However, due to the requirements of the material usage method in the present invention (the onshore storage environment is complex, there is heavy oil pollution, and the storage time is long), choosing a material with a larger pore size can improve the oil resistance of the material and is more suitable for protection during the ocean process. Therefore, in the present invention, the PTFE 1 specimen should be selected as the material for the waterproof and moisture-permeable layer.

[0101] Table 6 Comparison data of experimental results

[0102] Sample name PTFE 1 PTFE 2 PTFE 3 Thickness (μm) 25 30 30 Maximum pore diameter (μm) 1.408 0.385 3.18 Minimum pore diameter (μm) 0.766 0.24 1.234 Pore size distribution width (μm) 0.632 0.145 1.946 Average pore diameter (μm) 1.085 0.315 2.476 <![CDATA[Number of holes per unit area (106 / cm 2 )]]> 36 7950 7.55 Contact angle θ (°) 140.6 123.2 104 <![CDATA[Water vapor transmission rate (g / m 2 ·24h)]]> 6440 5958 7383 Hydrostatic pressure resistance (kPa) 94 96 75.8

[0103] Example 5

[0104] The present invention proposes a research and test on the waterproof and moisture-permeable layer coating.

[0105] It mainly includes:

[0106] The present invention comprehensively considers that the waterproof and moisture-permeable layer is mainly divided into two categories: single-component materials and two-component materials. The single-component material is composed of PTFE material alone, while the two-component material is mainly formed by coating oil-repellent and hydrophilic polyurethane or silicone on the basis of the PTFE film. Therefore, the performance differences between the single-component material and the two-component material are compared.

[0107] Results: Please refer to Table 7. Through the analysis of the main material properties, it can be seen that the two-component material has obvious advantages, mainly in that on the premise of high moisture permeability, it ensures good hydrostatic pressure resistance performance, thus achieving a balance in performance. At the same time, the PTFE film coated with oil-repellent and hydrophilic polyurethane material has the best oil-repellent and hydrophilic performance. Therefore, in the present invention, the PTFE film coated with oil-repellent and hydrophilic polyurethane film is preferentially selected as the waterproof and moisture-permeable layer of the integrated protection envelope.

[0108] Table 7 Performance comparison between single-component materials and two-component materials

[0109]

[0110] Example 6

[0111] The present invention proposes index requirements for the design of the fiber cloth layer.

[0112] It mainly includes:

[0113] The present invention comprehensively considers that the main functions of the fiber cloth layer are to increase the overall strength of the envelope body material, protect the middle waterproof and moisture-permeable layer, and have certain flame retardant and water and oil repellent effects. Therefore, the corresponding index requirements based on the purpose of the present invention are set (see Table 8).

[0114] Table 8 Index Requirements

[0115] Test item Technical index Test method Breaking strength ≥ 1800 N / 50 mm GB / T 2580 - 2008 Oil resistance No swelling, no embrittlement, no delamination GB2682 - 96 Flame retardant property ＜10s GB / T 2408 - 2008

[0116] Result: Through the analysis based on the product index requirements of the present invention and combining with the actual application of the envelope in the marine environment, the performance that the fiber cloth layer should possess includes (see Table 9):

[0117] Table 9 Index Requirements for the Fiber Cloth Layer

[0118]

[0119]

[0120] Example 7

[0121] The present invention proposes a design test for the fiber cloth matrix material.

[0122] It mainly includes:

[0123] The present invention comprehensively considers the product requirements. The integral protection envelope has a high lamination bonding strength with other materials, strong anti-UV ability after treatment, does not mildew under long-term high temperature and high humidity, and has a high material cost performance, which is suitable for large-scale promotion. Based on this demand, the present invention designs a fiber cloth tensile strength test, a fiber cloth right-angle tear strength test, a fiber cloth tensile strength test after 500h of light aging, a fiber cloth mildew resistance test, a fiber cloth oil resistance test, and a fiber cloth interlayer peel force test to comprehensively meet the test purpose of the present invention.

[0124] Result: (1) The detection standard for the tensile strength of the fiber cloth material is GB / T 2580-2008, and the test fiber cloth can meet the test purpose of the present invention. See Table 10.

[0125] Table 10 Tensile Strength of Fiber Cloth Material Unit: N / 50mm

[0126]

[0127] (2) The detection standard for the right-angle tear strength of the fiber cloth is QB / T 1130-1991. The test results are shown in Table 11. It can be seen that the tensile strength of various fiber cloths meets the test objectives of the present invention.

[0128] Table 11 Right-angle tear strength of fiber cloth materials Unit: kN / m

[0129]

[0130]

[0131] (3) The detection standard for the tensile strength of the fiber cloth material after 500h of light aging is GB / T 16422-2014. As shown in Table 12, the tensile strength of various fiber cloths after 500h of light aging meets the test objectives of the present invention.

[0132] Table 12 Tensile strength of fiber cloth materials after 500h of light aging Unit: N / 50mm

[0133]

[0134] (4) The detection standard for the mildew resistance of the fiber cloth material is GB / T 1741-2007. As shown in Table 13, cotton cloth cannot meet the mildew resistance performance requirements, and the mildew resistance of other various fiber cloths meets the test objectives of the present invention.

[0135] Table 13 Detection of mildew resistance of fiber cloth materials Unit: level

[0136]

[0137]

[0138] (5) The detection standard for the oil resistance of the fiber cloth material is GB2605-1996. As shown in Table 14, the oil resistance of various fiber cloths meets the test objectives of the present invention.

[0139] Table 14 Detection of oil resistance of fiber cloth materials Unit: none

[0140]

[0141] (6) The detection standard for the interlayer peel strength of the fiber cloth is GB / T 2580-2008. As shown in Table 15, Kevlar cannot meet the interlayer peel strength requirements, and the interlayer peel strength of other various fiber cloths meets the test objectives of the present invention.

[0142] Table 15 Detection of interlayer peel strength of fiber cloth materials Unit: N / 50mm

[0143]

[0144] Example 8

[0145] The present invention proposes a test for selecting the matrix material of fiber cloth.

[0146] It mainly includes:

[0147] By comparing the properties of the main fiber cloth materials, the present invention obtains the fiber material most suitable for use as an integrated protective envelope.

[0148] Result: Please refer to Table 16. Through comparative analysis, it can be seen that polyester is the most suitable fiber material for use as an integrated protective envelope, which has the advantages of large composite fastness, good anti-aging performance, and no mildew. Therefore, in the present invention, polyester material is preferentially selected as the fiber material for the integrated protective envelope. There are differences between plain weave and twill weave in polyester material. The overall strength of plain weave and twill weave is not very different, but the composite fastness of plain weave is slightly better. At the same time, although the 500D fiber cloth has high strength, its product weight is large and the product production cost is high. After comprehensive consideration, the final material is determined to be 300D polyester cloth.

[0149] Table 16 Comparison of the test results of the properties of fiber cloth materials

[0150] Serial number Name Strength Anti-aging Mildew resistance Oil resistance Adhesion strength 1 Polyester Good Good Good Good Good 2 Nylon Better Better Good Good Good 3 Cotton cloth Good Best Poor Good Good 4 Kevlar Best Good Good Good Poor

[0151] Example 9

[0152] The present invention proposes a test for waterproof and oil-repellent finishing of fiber cloth.

[0153] It mainly includes:

[0154] (1) Research on the mechanism of waterproof and oil-repellent finishing

[0155] List the contact angles of common fibers with water. The contact angles of common fibers with water are shown in Table 17.

[0156] Table 17 Contact angles of water on fiber cloth

[0157] Fiber type Cotton Wool Viscose fiber Polyamide Polyester Acrylic fiber Polypropylene fiber Contact angle (°) 59 81 38 64 67 53 90

[0158] When a liquid droplet is placed on a uniform and smooth solid surface and reaches equilibrium, a certain angle is formed at the solid-liquid-gas three-phase junction, which is called the contact angle θ, as shown in Equation 1. The contact angle is the result of the combined action of the interfacial tensions between the solid surface and the liquid, the solid surface and the air, and the liquid and the air - γSL, γSG, γLG. It is usually used to identify the wetting performance of the liquid on the solid. The relationship between the three interfacial tensions is shown by Young's equation:

[0159] γSG = γSL + γLGcosθ (1)

[0160] cosθ = (γSG - γSL) / γLG (2)

[0161] The surface tensions of common fibers and liquids are shown in Table 18.

[0162] Table 18 Surface Tensions of Common Fibers and Liquids

[0163]

[0164]

[0165] (2) Waterproof Finishing Formula Design

[0166] Through comprehensive analysis of finishing agents, the finishing agents currently used in the dyeing and finishing industry are mainly silicone-based and fluorine-based finishing agents. The pad-dry-cure process is used to endow fabrics with water and oil repellency functions. The silicone-based water repellent finishing agent forms a flexible film on the fiber surface, which often makes the fabric feel soft while producing a water repellent effect. Such finishing agents are available in two forms: solvent-based and emulsion-based. The emulsion-based water repellent finishing agent is convenient to use, but the presence of emulsifiers may reduce the water repellency. The molecular structure of silicone-based water repellent finishing agents mostly contains reactive groups. Under the action of catalysts, they crosslink into films through oxidation or hydrolysis. The finishing agent can also react with the hydroxyl groups on cellulose molecules to improve durability.

[0167] Results: (1) Through comprehensive analysis, it is found that the surface energy of textile fibers is generally higher than that of water and oil. Therefore, water and oil will spread on the surface of most fabrics with clean surfaces and quickly penetrate into the fabric interior. However, in this invention, it is required that the fabric has water repellency to improve the waterproof and moisture permeable functions of the whole set cover material. For this reason, finishing agents with low surface energy are usually used to treat the fabric to reduce the surface tension of the fabric and achieve waterproof and oil repellent properties. Waterproof finishing generally only changes the surface properties of the fibers, while a large number of voids still remain between the fibers and yarns. Such fabrics can be breathable and are not easily wetted by water, maximizing the waterproof and moisture permeable efficacy of the material. As can be seen from Equation 2, the smaller γSG is, the smaller cosθ is, and the larger the contact angle θ is, the better the hydrophobicity of the solid surface. Conventionally, θ = 90° is defined as the standard for whether the solid surface can be wetted by water. When θ > 90°, the solid surface is non-wetting; when θ < 90°, the solid surface is wetted by water; when θ = 0°, water spreads completely on the solid surface, becoming completely wetting; when θ = 180°, theoretically water only makes point contact with the solid surface, becoming completely non-wetting. In nature, the situations of θ = 0° and 180° do not exist. As can be seen from Table 17, the surface tension of rainwater is 53 mN / m. To achieve waterproofing, the interfacial tension of the fabric must be less than 53 mN / m.

[0168] (2) To obtain a good hand feeling after fabric finishing, usually two or more polysiloxanes with different structures are mixed. Further, a compound of polymethylhydrogensilane and polydimethylsilane is used. The material of the overall protective envelope needs better softness during application to improve the wind resistance and folding resistance of the material. Therefore, a compound of polymethylhydrogensilane and polydimethylsilane is selected.

[0169] Example 10

[0170] The present invention proposes a research experiment on the flame retardant finishing mechanism of fiber cloth.

[0171] It mainly includes:

[0172] The present invention proposes that to achieve the flame retardant purpose, it is necessary to cut off the combustion cycle composed of the three elements of combustible, heat and oxygen. The flame retardant theory of textiles can be summarized as the action of the covering layer, the action of gas dilution, the action of heat absorption, the action of melting, the action of increasing the pyrolysis temperature, the action of condensed phase flame retardancy and the action of gas phase flame retardancy, etc.

[0173] Results: ① Covering effect. After being heated, the flame retardant melts on the surface of the textile to form a glassy covering layer, which serves as a barrier between the textile and the flame. It not only isolates air but also prevents the diffusion of combustible gases, blocks heat conduction and thermal radiation, and reduces the heat fed back to the textile, thus inhibiting the thermal cracking and combustion reactions of the textile. ② Gas dilution effect. After absorbing heat and decomposing, the flame retardant releases incombustible gases such as nitrogen, carbon dioxide, ammonia, sulfur dioxide, etc. These gases dilute the combustible gases or cause insufficient oxygen in the combustion process. In addition, the incombustible gases also have the effect of dissipating heat and lowering the temperature. ③ Endothermic effect. Flame retardants with high heat capacity undergo phase changes or dehydration, dehydrohalogenation and other endothermic decomposition reactions at high temperatures, reducing the temperature of the fabric surface and the flame, slowing down the rate of thermal cracking reactions, and inhibiting the generation of combustible gases. For example, when aluminum trihydrate decomposes, water is released, and the water changes from the liquid phase to the gas phase, consuming a large amount of heat. ④ Melting effect. Under the action of the flame retardant, the fibers in the textile depolymerize, the melting temperature decreases, increasing the temperature difference between the melting point and the ignition point. The fiber material softens, shrinks, and melts before cracking, becoming molten droplets that carry away most of the heat, thus interrupting the process of heat feedback from the combustion to the textile and ultimately interrupting the combustion. ⑤ Providing thermal cracking temperature. Introducing aromatic rings or aromatic heterocycles into the fiber macromolecules increases the density and cohesion between the macromolecular chains, improving the heat resistance of the fiber; or by methods such as macromolecular chain crosslinking cyclization and chelating with metal ions, changing the fiber molecular structure, increasing the carbonization temperature, inhibiting thermal cracking, and reducing the generation of combustible gases. ⑥ Gas-phase flame retardant mechanism. The gas-phase flame retardant mechanism refers to the flame retardant effect in the gas phase that interrupts or delays the chain combustion reaction. The gas-phase flame retardant effect is not sensitive to the chemical structure of the fiber. The situations belonging to gas-phase flame retardance are as follows: a. The flame retardant material can generate free radical inhibitors when heated or burned, thus interrupting the combustion chain reaction; b. The flame retardant material generates tiny particles when heated or burned, which can promote the combination of free radicals with each other to terminate the chain reaction; c. The flame retardant material releases a large amount of inert gases or high-density steam when heated or burned. The former can dilute oxygen and combustible gaseous products and reduce the temperature of the combustible gas, causing the combustion to terminate; the latter covers the surface of the combustible gas, isolating its contact with air, thus causing the combustion to suffocate and terminate.

[0174] ⑦ Condensed-phase flame retardant mechanism

[0175] The condensed-phase flame retardant mechanism refers to changing the thermal cracking process of the fiber macromolecular chain in the condensed phase, promoting reactions such as dehydration, condensation, cyclization, and crosslinking, increasing the carbonized residue, and reducing the generation of combustible gases. The effect of the condensed-phase action is closely related to the matching of the flame retardant and the fiber in chemical structure. The flame retardants belonging to the condensed-phase action are as follows:

[0176] a. The flame retardant delays or organizes the thermal decomposition in the solid phase that can generate combustible gases and free radicals;

[0177] b. When the flame retardant decomposes upon heating, it absorbs heat, slowing down or halting the temperature rise of the flame-retardant material.

[0178] c. When the flame-retardant material burns, a porous carbon layer is formed on its surface. This carbon layer is flame-resistant, heat-insulating, oxygen-insulating, and can also prevent flammable gases from entering the combustion gas phase, thus interrupting the combustion.

[0179] Both combustion and flame retardancy are extremely complex processes, involving the influence of many restrictive factors. It is very difficult to strictly classify the flame-retardant mechanism of a flame-retardant system into just one type. In fact, a flame-retardant system simultaneously functions with several flame-retardant mechanisms working together.

[0180] Example 11

[0181] The present invention proposes an experimental design for the flame-retardant finishing formulation of fiber cloth.

[0182] It mainly includes:

[0183] The present invention comparatively analyzes and selects halogen-based flame retardants and phosphorus-based flame retardants, and proposes the flame retardant formulation selected in the present invention.

[0184] Result: Through comparative analysis, the flame retardant formulation obtained in the present invention is (see Table 19):

[0185] Table 19 Flame Retardant Formulation Selected in the Present Invention

[0186]

[0187]

[0188] The main pyrolysis products of polyester are gases, tarry high-boiling substances, and residues. At different pyrolysis temperatures, the proportions of its pyrolysis products are different. Among them, the gas component increases with the increase of temperature, the tarry component reaches the maximum value at 600 °C, while the residue decreases with the increase of temperature. The gas and tarry components are the key determinants of its combustibility. After the polyester is flame-retardantly finished, the action of its flame retardant mainly occurs in the gas phase. Most polyester fabrics use halogen and phosphorus-based flame retardants.

[0189] Halogen-based flame retardants mainly work by decomposing when heated, generating halogen-containing gases such as hydrogen halide. On the one hand, they capture active free radicals in the gas phase. On the other hand, due to the relatively high density of the halogen-containing gases, they can cover the surface of the combustible material, playing a role in isolating the contact between oxygen and the combustion area to a certain extent. Phosphorus-based flame retardants have good flame retardant effects on synthetic fibers containing carbon and oxygen elements. They promote the formation of carbon in the polymer, reducing the generation amount of flammable gases, thereby playing a flame retardant role in the condensed phase. When the washing modified by phosphorus-based flame retardants burns, the amorphous carbon generated on the surface can effectively isolate the contact with oxygen and heat. At the same time, the decomposition of phosphoric acid substances absorbs heat, which also inhibits the degradation reaction of polyester to a certain extent. Since halogen-based flame retardants will release halogen-containing gases such as hydrogen halide during the action process, they may cause secondary harm to the human body while flame retarding. Therefore, phosphorus-based flame retardants are preferred when selecting flame retardants.

[0190] Example 12

[0191] The present invention proposes a test on the design of a mesh structure protective layer.

[0192] It mainly includes:

[0193] The present invention designs and compares the materials of the mesh structure protective layer.

[0194] Result: Considering comprehensively that the main function of the mesh structure protective layer is to protect the middle layer PTFE film without affecting the overall moisture permeability of the material, preventing the film from breaking due to textile friction and abrasion, which would cause the waterproof function of the overall packaging envelope material to be lost. In order to improve production efficiency and reduce the types of adhesives in the composite process, the material of the mesh structure layer is selected as polyester fabric, and the product is woven from 30D polyester × 30D polyester fiber.

[0195] Example 13

[0196] The present invention proposes a test on the product structure design of the overall protective packaging envelope material.

[0197] It mainly includes:

[0198] The present invention formulates an overall product structure design plan according to the design results of each part.

[0199] Result: Please refer to Figure 3, the first layer of the product of the present invention is a mesh structure protective layer. The product is woven from 30D polyester × 30D polyester fibers, and its main function is to protect the PTFE waterproof and moisture-permeable layer and improve the overall wear resistance of the product. The second layer is an adhesive layer. The third layer is a PTFE waterproof and moisture-permeable layer. The product is composed of PTFE with a thickness of 25 microns, which is the main structure of the integral envelope body material and has the functions of waterproof, moisture-permeable, hydrophilic and oil-repellent. The fourth layer is an adhesive layer. The fifth layer is a fiber cloth layer, which is 300D high-strength polyester cloth, and has been subjected to waterproof, flame-retardant and anti-aging finishing, and has high strength, light weight, waterproof, flame-retardant and excellent anti-aging performance.

[0200] Example 14

[0201] The present invention proposes a design test for the adhesive of the integral protective envelope body material.

[0202] It mainly includes:

[0203] Each layer of the present invention needs to be completed by the method of laminating and compounding. Since the materials between the layers are of different types, corresponding additives should be selected during the laminating and compounding process to make the compounding effect reach the best. In the experiment, the present invention comprehensively considers that the adhesion additive, fiber and PTFE film are all polymer materials. At a certain temperature and pressure, the molecular chains move, and this process is a process of compatibility of two solids. The closer the solubility parameters are, the easier it is to dissolve, that is, the better the adhesion effect.

[0204] Result: It can be seen from Table 20 that the laminating combination additive of the integral protective envelope should select silicone as the adhesion additive, and the polyester material should select polyurethane as the adhesion additive.

[0205] Table 20 Comparison of solubility of various materials

[0206] Main material Solubility parameter Adhesion aid Solubility parameter Cellulose fiber 32.7 Polyvinyl acetate 19.4 Polyester 21.9 EVA 18.4 Polyamide 27.8 Polyurethane 20.5 PTFE 12.7 Polyethylene 16.1 Polypropylene 16.4 Polydimethylsiloxane 15.5 Polyvinylidene chloride 25 Polyvinyl chloride 19.6 Polystyrene 18.6 Silicone 12.8

[0207] Example 15

[0208] The present invention proposes a performance detection test for the integral protective envelope.

[0209] It mainly includes:

[0210] Based on the material performance requirements and index detection standard basis, the present invention obtains the detection results, as shown in Table 21. The specific requirements include having excellent breaking strength (≥1800N / 5cm), oil and aging resistance performance and flame retardant performance, and being able to effectively improve the corrosion protection ability of the electrical devices in the integral equipment in harsh environments such as high temperature, high humidity, high salt spray and seawater splash.

[0211] Table 21 Index requirements for the integral protective envelope body material

[0212] Test item Technical index Test method Water vapor transmission rate <![CDATA[≥5000g / m 2 ·24h]]> GB / T1037 - 1988 Hydrostatic pressure resistance level ≥ 5 levels GB / T4744 - 1997 Breaking strength ≥ 1800 N / 50 mm GB / T 2580 - 2008 Oil resistance No swelling, no embrittlement, no delamination GJB2682 - 96 Flame retardant property ＜10s GB / T 2408 - 2008

[0213] The water vapor transmission rate test is carried out according to the requirements of GB / T 1037-1988 "Test Method for Water Vapor Transmission of Plastic Films and Sheets - Cup Method" in an environment of 40 ± 1 °C and relative humidity of 90% ± 2%. The hydrostatic pressure resistance level test is carried out according to the requirements in GB / T 4744-1997 "Testing and Evaluation of the Waterproof Performance of Textiles - Hydrostatic Pressure Method" and the level determination is carried out. The breaking strength test is carried out according to the requirements of GB / T 2580-2008 "Determination of Tensile Strength and Elongation at Break of Rubber or Plastic Coated Fabrics", with the specimen width of 50 ± 0.5 mm and the clamp spacing of 200 ± 1 mm. It is detected by the strip method. The oil resistance performance is determined according to the requirements in GJB2682-96 "General Specification for Packaging Envelopes". The flame retardant performance is determined according to the vertical method requirements in GB / T 2408-2008 "Test Method for Flammability of Plastics - Horizontal and Vertical Methods", and it is qualified if it self-extinguishes within 10 s after leaving the fire. The requirements for natural environment adaptability and service adaptability are shown in Table 22.

[0214] Table 22 Requirements for Natural Environment Adaptability and Service Adaptability

[0215]

[0216] Results: The test results are shown in Table 23 and Table 24, and the test results achieve the purpose of the present invention.

[0217] Table 23 Test Results

[0218] Test item Technical index Measured result Test method Water vapor transmission rate <![CDATA[≥5000g / m 2 ·24h]]> 5135 GB / T1037 - 1988 Hydrostatic pressure resistance level ≥ 5 levels 5 levels GB / T4744 - 1997 Breaking strength ≥ 1800 N / 50 mm 2007 GB / T 2580 - 2008 Oil resistance No swelling, no embrittlement, no delamination No swelling, no embrittlement, no delamination GB2682 - 96 Flame retardant property ＜10s 5.1S GB / T 2408 - 2008

[0219] Table 24 Test Results of In-service Experiment

[0220]

[0221] Example 16

[0222] The present invention proposes a test on the overall process route design of an integrated protection envelope.

[0223] It mainly includes:

[0224] Designing the production process of the waterproof and moisture-permeable layer and the production process of the auxiliary coating that can be combined with the waterproof and breathable coating to design the production process of the waterproof and moisture-permeable layer, designing the production process of the fiber cloth layer through the waterproof finishing and flame retardant finishing production processes that match the fibers, designing the production process of the integrated protection envelope body material through the lamination and composite process of the waterproof and moisture-permeable layer, the fiber cloth layer and the mesh structure protection layer, and designing the production process of the integrated protection envelope through the sewing technology of the integrated protection envelope body material.

[0225] Results: Please refer to Figure 4, and obtain the overall process route map of the integrated protective envelope.

[0226] Example 17

[0227] The invention proposes a production process test for a waterproof and breathable layer.

[0228] Mainly include:

[0229] According to the test purpose and parameter design of the present invention, the production process of the waterproof and breathable layer is explored through experiments.

[0230] Results: It mainly includes mixing, paste extrusion, calendering, stretching process and sintering.

[0231] (1) Mixing

[0232] Mix the materials according to the formula. In order to make the polytetrafluoroethylene resin absorb the additives more evenly and fully, and ensure the consistent performance and uniform outer surface of the preformed products, the mixture is matured at 30-35℃ for 8h, and the larger powder particles are sieved out before entering the next process.

[0233] (2) Paste extrusion

[0234] Paste extrusion molding is an intermittent molding method. The pressing of preforms is divided into two steps. The first step is to press the paste material into a "blank" under low pressure. The second step is to put the blank into a push press and further push it into a "pre-pressed molded product." ① Blank making, the mixed material is pressed into a cylindrical blank on the blank press, and the paste powder resin is formed into a semi-solid that is easy to process under the pressure of the blank press. ② Extrusion, the blank is formed into a sheet-like strip blank through an extruder. PTFE extrusion molding can be done by a screw extruder or a plunger extruder. Plunger extrusion: also known as push molding, the extruder has no screw, and PTFE uses a plunger to push the material out of the sheet-like strip blank. Compared with a screw extruder, piston extrusion has the advantages of convenient feeding and large extrusion force. The stretch film adopts a simple plunger extrusion molding process to pass the blank through an extruder to form a sheet-like strip blank.

[0235] (3) Calendering

[0236] The sheet strip is calendered by a two-roller machine with equal speeds of front and rear rollers. The ratio of the cross-sectional area of ​​the film before and after calendering is the calendering multiple. Increasing the calendering multiple is conducive to improving the crystallinity, reducing the porosity, and significantly improving the mechanical and electrical properties, especially the withstand voltage strength. During the calendering process, hot air drying is used to heat the film. The temperature generally varies with the thickness of the film. Under a certain pressure, the PTFE molecules are arranged regularly along the calendering direction, and the lateral cross-linking of the PTFE macromolecules is increased, while the solvent in the mixture is basically removed.

[0237] (4) Stretching process

[0238] The base film is stretched at a certain rate at a certain temperature. Based on the longitudinal stretching, transverse stretching is carried out. In the whole production process, the stretching process has a particularly important impact on the film properties. Changes in the film before and after longitudinal stretching: ① Formation of microporous structure; ② Improvement of tensile strength; ③ Increase in volume (due to the increase in the number of pores per unit area and the decrease in relative density); ④ Improvement of dimensional stability; ⑤ Further removal of the residual solvent oil in the film. To increase the porosity of the uniaxially stretched film and make the film reach the required width, the film must be transversely stretched to obtain a biaxially stretched film. The thickness of the biaxially stretched film becomes thinner, and the density decreases from 2.2 g / cm to approximately 0.5 g / cm 3 。

[0239] (5) Sintering (heat setting)

[0240] Heat setting is used to sinter the stretched film, reduce the crystallinity, increase the amorphous region, and achieve "amorphous crosslinking".

[0241] Example 18

[0242] The present invention proposes a production equipment and production process parameter test for a waterproof and moisture-permeable layer.

[0243] It mainly includes:

[0244] According to the test purpose of the present invention, the production equipment and production process parameters of the waterproof and moisture-permeable layer are proposed through tests.

[0245] Results: It mainly includes a three-dimensional mixer, a paste extruder, a plunger extruder, a calender, and a width expander.

[0246] (1) Three-dimensional mixer

[0247] See Figure 5 , the mixing cylinder is suspended at the ends of the main shaft and the driven shaft through two Y-type universal joints. The two universal joints cross each other and are perpendicular to each other in space. When the drive shaft is dragged and rotated, the universal joints cause the mirror cylinder to move repeatedly in space, such as translation, rotation, and rolling. The materials in the cylinder then undergo three-dimensional compound movements in the axial, radial, and circumferential directions. The various substances in the cylinder flow, diffuse, and mix with each other, presenting a uniform state evenly. The special design of PTFE polymer powder is mixed with glass fiber, graphite, carbon, bronze, etc., without temperature rise. The technical parameters and production process parameters are shown in Table 25 and Table 26 respectively.

[0248] Table 25 Technical parameters

[0249] Serial number Name Parameter 1 Equipment model SYH - 50 2 Volume of mixing barrel (L) 50 3 Loading volume (L) 30 4 Maximum loading weight (kg) 30 5 Spindle speed (rpm) 0-10 6 Motor power (kw) 0.75 7 External dimensions (mm) Length 1200×Width 950×Height 1250 8 Total weight (kg) 300

[0250] Table 26 Production process parameters

[0251] Serial number Name Parameter 1 Feeding amount (kg) / kettle 30±0.2 kg 2 Spindle speed (rpm) 8 (set) 3 Mixing time 15±1 min

[0252] (2) Paste extrusion machine

[0253] See Figure 6 and Figure 7 The paste powder resin forms a semi-solid form that is easy to process under the pressure of the compacting machine. The waterproof and breathable film and the stretch film blank are made of dispersed resin. Because the suspended resin particles are large (hundreds of microns), the density difference caused by uneven feeding during blank making will cause the film to rupture, while the dispersed resin particles are small (less than 1μm) and have good fluidity without this problem. After loading, immediately cover the upper mold to prevent dust from falling in. The pressure during pressing is related to the shrinkage rate, external dimensions, tensile strength, elongation rate, and density of the product. The technical parameters and production process parameters are shown in Table 27 and Table 28 respectively.

[0254] Table 27 Technical parameters

[0255] Serial number Item Technical parameter 1 Mold size Width 20mm×Thickness 2mm 2 Power 10KW 3 Cylinder diameter 300mm 4 Load chamber length 400mm 5 Extrusion type Vertical downward 6 Pressure type Hydraulic 7 Voltage 380V 3P 50Hz 8 Extrusion pressure 10 Mpa

[0256] Table 28 Production process parameters

[0257] Serial number Item Technical parameter 1 Mold size Width 20mm×Thickness 2mm 2 Extrusion pressure 10 Mpa

[0258] (3) Plunger extruder

[0259] Integrates a plunger extruder, extrusion die, heating coil, and automatic feeding. PLC intelligent control, continuous extrusion, self-sintering, self-adjusting concentricity, automatic feeding; the parison has high quality, a surface as smooth as a mirror, high tensile strength, high elongation strength, and high density. The technical parameters and production process parameters are shown in Table 29 and Table 30 respectively.

[0260] Table 29 Technical parameters

[0261] Serial number Name Parameter 1 Machine model PFB80 2 Processing method Horizontal extruder 3 Motor power (KW) 24 4 Extrusion length Unlimited 5 Controller PLC + Touch screen 6 Output (Kg / h) 8 7 Voltage 380V 50Hz 3P 8 Heating zone 6 9 Machine weight (Kg) 960 10 Machine height (mm) 1800 11 Floor area (m2) 7 12 Mold size Width 20mm×Thickness 2mm

[0262] Table 30 Production process parameters

[0263] Serial number Name Parameter 1 Heating zone 1 185℃ 2 Heating zone 2 200℃ 3 Heating zone 3 230℃ 4 Heating zone 4 270℃ 5 Heating zone 5 270℃ 6 Heating zone 6 270℃ 7 Head heating zone 265℃ 8 Extrusion speed (m / min) 3.5 9 Rewinding speed (m / min) 4

[0264] (4) Calender

[0265] See Figure 8 , The calender base film production line for PTFE microporous film is a special equipment for producing the calender film base of polytetrafluoroethylene (dispersed material) microporous film. The product can be used as the base for PTFE environmental protection filter film and special clothing fabric film production. The product width is more than 350mm, and the thickness is 0.08 - 0.5mm. After the product is widened by the tenter frame, the width can reach 1800mm, and the thinnest thickness can reach 2μm of the film. The technical parameters and production process parameters are shown in Table 31 and Table 32 respectively.

[0266] Table 31 Technical Parameters

[0267] Serial number Name Parameter 1 Model SFFD800×600 2 Number of rollers: Two rollers 3 Working diameter of rollers 800 (mm) 4 Production capacity 25 (kg / h) 5 Weight 1500 (Kg) 6 Maximum roll gap 60 (mm) 7 Roller linear speed 23 (m / min) 8 Motor power: 11 (kw) 9 Calendering thickness 0.1 - 1.0 (mm)

[0268] Table 32 Production Process Parameters

[0269] Serial number Name Parameter 1 Roller linear speed 20 (m / min) 2 Calendering thickness 0.1mm

[0270] (5) Stenter

[0271] See Figure 9 and Figure 10 , the biaxially stretched polytetrafluoroethylene film processing equipment includes five parts: a baseband feeding and compounding unit, a longitudinal stretching unit, a transverse stretching unit, a curing and shaping unit, and a cooling unit. It can process one or more layers of films, with lower energy consumption than traditional equipment, wide applicability, high production efficiency, and good interlayer adhesion of the prepared films, making them not easy to delaminate. The thickness of the biaxially stretched film becomes thinner, and the density decreases from 2.2 g / cm 3 to approximately 0.5 g / cm 3 . The technical parameters and production process parameters are shown in Table 33 and Table 34 respectively.

[0272] Table 33 Technical Parameters

[0273] Serial number Name Parameter 1 Product width 1300 - 2800 (mm) 2 Temperature 350(℃) 3 Horizontal stretching speed 0 - 40 (m / min) 4 Machine weight 2.5(t) 5 Motor power 300 (Kw) 6 Heating zone 6 7 Overall dimensions 10500×2500×1500 (mm)

[0274] Table 34 Production Process Parameters

[0275] Serial number Name Parameter 1 Product width 1500 (mm) 2 Heating zone 1 200℃ 3 Heating zone 2 230℃ 4 Heating zone 3 270℃ 5 Heating zone 4 270℃ 6 Heating zone 5 270℃ 7 Heating zone 6 270℃ 8 Horizontal stretching speed 20 (m / min)

[0276] Example 19

[0277] The present invention proposes a lamination and compounding process analysis test.

[0278] Mainly including:

[0279] According to the test purpose of the present invention, comprehensively compare and analyze the wet compounding process, the wet-dry combined compounding process, and the dry compounding process.

[0280] Results: (1) Wet compounding process

[0281] Apply the adhesive to the fabric or film by methods such as coating, painting, printing, spraying, etc., and compound the two before the solvent or water molecules dry, and then dry. The adhesion occurs after the adhesive cures. Since the adhesive is in a liquid state, it is called the wet method. When using the wet lamination process, the way of applying the adhesive can be divided into dip coating, doctor blade, roller coating, and screen coating, etc. according to the type of adhesive. The main adhesives used are acrylate, polyurethane, and silicone. It includes both solvent-based and water-dispersible types. The adhesives used in the wet compounding process can be divided into solvent-based, emulsion-based, and foam-based according to their physical forms.

[0282] When using the wet lamination process, since both sides of the PTFE microporous membrane are covered by a solvent-based adhesive or an emulsion-based adhesive, the micropores on both sides of the PTFE membrane are basically blocked by the adhesive, resulting in a significant reduction in the moisture permeability of the wet-laminated fabric and losing the basic characteristic of good moisture permeability. In addition, it is also very difficult to solve the contradiction between the peel strength and the hand feeling in the wet process in terms of glue amount control. Based on these two points, the wet process should not be used alone when laminating PTFE fabrics.

[0283] (2) Dry-wet combined composite process

[0284] The dry-wet combined method is to use the dry composite method on one side of the fabric and the wet composite method on the other side. Its moisture permeability will decrease, and at the same time, the production equipment is complex and the cost increases.

[0285] (3) Dry composite process

[0286] The hot-melt adhesive between the fabric and the film is compounded by heating and melting. The hot-melt adhesive is a solid adhesive without solvents or water and based on a thermoplastic polymer. It melts by itself when heated, bonds with the fabric or other materials, and solidifies together after cooling. The advantages of hot-melt bonding are: ① 100% solid adhesive; ② A relatively high bonding crystallization temperature makes the product have a relatively high resistance to high-temperature water washing; ③ An appropriate adhesive can make the product have dry-cleaning resistance; ④ Compared with other processing methods, a smaller amount of adhesive can achieve a higher bonding strength between the base fabric and the film; ⑤ Lamination is convenient and fast; ⑥ The hot-melt adhesive has a relatively high initial grabbing strength for the base fabric, making the layers resist the shear force during the high-speed lamination process.

[0287] Example 20

[0288] The present invention proposes a preferred test for the lamination composite process and composite method.

[0289] It mainly includes:

[0290] Combined with the analysis results of Example 19, the dry composite process should be used for the lamination of the overall protective envelope body material. And according to the different ways of applying the adhesive, by comprehensively comparing the differences between the powder spreading method, the powder dot method, the paste dot method, the double dot method, and the hot-melt mesh or film method, a technical solution suitable for the present invention is proposed.

[0291] Result: Referring to Table 35, it can be seen that since both the fiber cloth layer and the mesh structure protective layer of the overall protective envelope body material are made of polyester, considering the advantages and disadvantages of various methods, the lamination composite method for the overall protective envelope body material is determined to be the powder dot coating method of dry composite.

[0292] Table 35 Analysis of advantages and disadvantages

[0293]

[0294] Example 21

[0295] The present invention provides a lamination composite process for the material layer of the integrated protective envelope

[0296] It mainly includes:

[0297] In the powder dot method, the powdered hot melt adhesive is loaded into a funnel. Through a doctor blade, the powder particles are embedded in the pits of the engraving roller until the pits are filled. The engraving roller itself is heated to partially melt the powder particles and bond them into clusters. The fabric is heated by a heating roller and then passes through the engraving roller. Due to heat transfer, the powder clusters are bonded to the fabric. In this way, the sizes of the powder clusters are the same and they are arranged according to the pattern of the engraving roller. The powder dots are uniform and neat, having a good bonding effect.

[0298] Results: The sizing by the powder dot method proposed in the present invention is uniform, the moisture permeability and hydrostatic pressure resistance of the laminated fabric are good. The powder dot method coating has low requirements for fabrics, has a wide application range, good effects and good hand feeling.

[0299] Example 22

[0300] The present invention provides a lamination composite production equipment and production process parameters.

[0301] It mainly includes:

[0302] Adopt a powder dot method lamination composite machine, see Figure 11 , adopt the powder dot transfer technology to uniformly transfer the hot melt adhesive onto the lining fabric or film, and then laminate it with the face fabric. The laminated fabric has the function of waterproof and moisture permeability. The equipment consists of unwinding, sizing, oven, electric heating lamination, edge cutting, far infrared ray, automatic edge alignment, traction, and winding. The equipment is mainly used for textile lamination.

[0303] Results: The technical parameters and production process parameters are shown in Table 36 and Table 37 respectively.

[0304] Table 36 Technical Parameters

[0305] Serial number Name Parameter 1 Power supply 50Hz 380V 2 Effective width 1800mm 3 Roller surface width 1800mm 4 Heating drum specification φ1500×1800mm 5 Heating method Electric heating 6 Coating method Dot transfer coating 7 Mechanical design speed 5 - 50m / min 8 Total power of the machine Approximately 85kw 9 Overall dimensions (L×W×H) Approximately 13000×3800×2350mm 10 Gross weight Approximately 9000kg

[0306] Table 37 Process Parameters

[0307] Serial number Name Parameter 1 Heating temperature 220℃ 2 Mechanical design speed 20m / min

[0308] Example 23

[0309] The present invention provides an integrated protective envelope production process.

[0310] It mainly includes:

[0311] The production process includes envelope design, cutting, and sewing.

[0312] (1) Envelope design

[0313] Combined with the shape of the assembled equipment, design the assembled protective envelope. The size design principle is: convenient for installation and disassembly, with inspection openings reserved (internal inspection or item retrieval of the assembled equipment can be completed without unsealing), and high-strength elastic bands are provided at the root, middle, and bottom of the assembled equipment at the inspection openings (to improve the wind resistance of the envelope and reduce the workload of bundling, etc.).

[0314] (2) Cutting

[0315] Cut the envelope body material of the assembled protective envelope into the required size. Tools such as a utility knife, cloth cutter, and electric shear can be used according to different quantities.

[0316] (3) Sewing

[0317] The combination of the envelope body materials, the combination of the waterproof zipper and the envelope body materials, and the combination of the high-strength elastic bands and the envelope body materials are all sewn using a double-needle electric sewing machine with waterproof needles.

[0318] Result: Through the production process of the assembled protective envelope, an assembled protective envelope that meets the purposes of the present invention and test requirements is obtained.

[0319] Based on the above embodiments, the assembled protective envelope proposed by the present invention is easy to operate, convenient for sealing or unsealing operations; can effectively prevent rain, water, and dust; does not affect the outward diffusion of surface and internal moisture after sealing; does not require relevant sealants; is simple to maintain and does not require monitoring of the internal environment of the assembled equipment after sealing; has high strength and strong anti-aging performance to ensure no damage during use, and can effectively solve the defects of the existing technology, providing better technical support for the assembled protective envelope. It provides a waterproof and moisture-permeable material, and the semi-envelope can be sealed simply by rinsing after the sea operation, and after sealing, the water vapor inside the assembled equipment can be promptly discharged while having the functions of preventing rain and dust.

[0320] Furthermore, through the research on high-strength fiber cloth, the material of the assembled protective envelope proposed by the present invention has ultra-high material strength and anti-aging performance.

[0321] Furthermore, through the research on the pore size and porosity of the waterproof and moisture-permeable material and the fiber cloth finishing technology, the material of the present invention has excellent oil resistance.

[0322] Furthermore, through the research on the flame-retardant finishing of the fiber cloth, the material of the present invention has excellent flame-retardant performance.

[0323] It should be noted that the term "including" or any other variant thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus including a series of elements not only includes those elements but also includes other elements not expressly listed, or further includes elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, the elements defined by the statement "including..." do not preclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus including said elements.

[0324] The above are only embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, various changes and modifications can be made to the present application. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included within the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A complete protective envelope material, characterized in that, The integrated protective envelope material includes, from top to bottom, a mesh structure protective layer, an adhesive layer, a waterproof and moisture-permeable layer, an adhesive layer, and a fiber cloth layer; The waterproof and moisture-permeable layer is a PTFE waterproof and moisture-permeable layer; The thickness of the waterproof and moisture-permeable layer is 20 to 40 μm, the maximum pore diameter is 0.3 to 3 μm, the minimum pore diameter is 0.2 to 1 μm, the pore diameter distribution width is 0.1 to 1.5 μm, the average pore diameter is 0.3 to 1.4 μm, and the number of pores per unit area is 30 to 150×10 6 / cm 2 , and the contact angle θ is not less than 110°; The mesh structure protective layer is a polyester fabric; The fiber cloth layer has a breaking strength of not less than 1800 N / 50 mm, oil resistance of no swelling, no brittle cracking, and no delamination, a flame retardancy of less than 10 s, a strength of not less than 500 N / 50 mm after 500 h of light aging, a right-angle tear strength of not less than 300 kN / m, an interlayer peel strength of not less than 5 N / 50 mm, and a mildew resistance of grade 0; The adhesive layer is a hot-melt adhesive.

2. The fully assembled protective envelope material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The waterproof and moisture-permeable layer is a PTFE film-coated oil-repellent and hydrophilic polyurethane film; The waterproof and moisture-permeable layer is composed of PTFE resin powder, hexafluoropropylene, liquid paraffin, a coupling agent, toluene, and xylene.

3. The integrated protective envelope material according to claim 1, wherein The mesh structure protective layer is woven from 30D polyester × 30D polyester fibers.

4. The integrated protective envelope material according to claim 1, wherein, The material of the fiber cloth layer is polyester, nylon, or cotton cloth; The hot-melt adhesive is a solid adhesive based on a thermoplastic polymer.

5. The preparation method of the integrated protective envelope material according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, Including: S1. Mix the materials to obtain a mixture, ripen the mixture, and sieve out the larger powder particles to obtain a mixed material; S2. Press the mixed material on a compacting machine into a cylindrical blank. The paste-like powdered resin forms an easily processable semi-solid under the pressure of the compacting machine to obtain a semi-solid blank; S3. Form a sheet-like blank from the semi-solid blank through an extruder; S4. Roll the sheet-like blank through a two-roll machine with equal speeds of the front and rear rollers to obtain a calendered base film; S5. Stretch the base film, and perform transverse stretching on the basis of longitudinal stretching to obtain a stretched film; S6. Sinter the stretched film to obtain a waterproof and moisture-permeable layer; S7. Bond the mesh structure protective layer, the adhesive layer, the waterproof and moisture-permeable layer, the adhesive layer, and the fiber cloth layer in the order from top to bottom to obtain the integrated protective envelope material.

6. The preparation method of the integrated protective envelope material according to claim 5, wherein, The ripening temperature is 30 - 35 °C; The extruder is a screw extruder or a plunger extruder; The fiber cloth layer is made of 200 - 400D polyester cloth after waterproof, flame retardant, and anti-aging finishing; 7. The preparation method of the integrated protective envelope material according to claim 5, characterized in that, The integrated protective envelope material is prepared by a lamination composite method; The lamination composite method is the powder dot coating method of dry lamination; The powder dot coating method uses a hot-melt adhesive; The hot-melt adhesive is hot melt glue.

8. The preparation method of the integrated protective envelope material according to claim 7, characterized in that, The powder dot coating method of dry lamination includes: S91. Load the powdered hot melt glue into a funnel, and use a scraper to embed the powder particles in the engraving roller pits until the pits are filled to obtain the hot melt glue gathered in the pits; S92. Heat the engraving roller to partially melt the hot melt glue powder particles gathered in the pits to obtain a bonded hot melt glue; S93. After the fabric is heated by a heating roller and passes through the engraving roller, transfer the bonded hot melt glue to the fabric by heat transfer to obtain an integrated protective envelope material with uniform and neat powder dots.

9. Application of a complete protective envelope, characterized in that, Use of the integrated protective envelope material prepared according to the integrated protective envelope material described in any one of claims 1 to 4 or the preparation method of the integrated protective envelope material described in any one of claims 6 to 8, wherein the use includes an integrated protective envelope.

10. Preparation of a complete protective envelope, characterized in that, Including: S10.

1. Combining with the shape of the integrated equipment, and designing the envelope size according to the principles of being convenient for installation, disassembly, and reserving inspection openings, and being able to complete the internal inspection or item retrieval of the integrated equipment without unsealing; setting high-strength elastic bands at the root, middle, and bottom of the inspection opening of the integrated equipment to obtain the designed integrated protective envelope body material; S10.

2. Using a wallpaper knife, a cloth cutting machine, and an electric shear according to the quantity requirements to cut the designed integrated protective envelope body material into the required size to obtain the cut integrated protective envelope body material; S10.

3. Using a double-needle electric sewing machine and sewing with waterproof needles to combine the cut integrated protective envelope body material with the body material and combine the waterproof zipper with the body material to obtain an integrated protective envelope.

Images