Crane counterweight self-loading and unloading device and method

Abstract

The invention provides a crane counterweight self-loading and self-unloading device and method, and belongs to crane counterweight self-loading and self-unloading devices. The rotating plummer block is rotationally connected to the top of the frame, a supporting table is rotationally connected to the circumferential surface of the rotating plummer block, two extending blocks are fixedly connected to the side end of the supporting table, and two telescopic grooves are formed in the side ends of the two extending blocks. The pushing assembly, the lifting assembly and the clamping assembly can automatically clamp and move a plurality of crane balancing weights with the corresponding weights according to the needed balance weight, the crane balancing weights are rapidly installed on the periphery of the rotating plummer block through the telescopic assembly and the guiding assembly, meanwhile, the crane balancing weights can be rapidly disassembled, and the crane balancing weights can be conveniently and rapidly disassembled. Repeated hoisting of a single inserting hole is not needed, standard-weight quick loading and unloading are conducted on the crane balance weight, so that loading and unloading of the crane balance weight are time-saving and labor-saving, and the loading and unloading efficiency of the crane balance weight is

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to a self-loading and unloading device for crane counterweights, and particularly relates to a self-loading and unloading device and method for crane counterweights. Background Art

[0002] A crane counterweight refers to a heavy object used to balance a certain moving part of a crane. It plays a crucial role in the design and operation of cranes. Crane counterweights can be classified into various types according to different classification methods. The following are several common types of counterweights: fixed counterweights, traction counterweights, and slewing counterweights. Among them, the slewing counterweight is installed between the main boom and the slewing mechanism of the crane, and the balance of the center of gravity is achieved by changing the movement direction of the slewing mechanism to control the counterweight. This type of counterweight is commonly used in truck cranes and crawler cranes.

[0003] A self-loading and unloading device is a mechanical device that can automatically complete loading and unloading tasks and is widely used in fields such as industrial automation and logistics transportation. A self-loading and unloading device refers to a device that can automatically load and unload goods from one place to another. According to different application scenarios and types of goods, self-loading and unloading devices can be classified into various types, such as shaft body automatic loading and unloading devices, workpiece automatic loading and unloading devices, truck automatic loading and unloading systems, etc.

[0004] The authorized publication number "CN211004279U" discloses "a self-loading and unloading device for a truck crane counterweight. The self-loading and unloading device for a truck crane counterweight includes a counterweight block assembly, a lifting oil cylinder, and a mounting bracket assembly; the mounting bracket assembly includes a body, a sliding box body, a moving oil cylinder, an upper connecting ear plate, and a lower connecting ear plate position. One end of the sliding box body is connected to the lifting oil cylinder, and the other end is inserted into the body. One end of the displacement oil cylinder in the body is connected to the side of the sliding box body close to the lifting oil cylinder, and the other end is connected to the body. The upper connecting ear plate and the lower connecting ear plate are respectively connected to the body away from the lifting oil cylinder and are arranged in an upper and lower position. Compared with the related art, the self-loading and unloading device for a truck crane counterweight provided by the present invention is not prone to eccentric instability during loading and unloading, ensuring more stable and safe counterweight loading and unloading, and being suitable for various working conditions."

[0005] The above patented self-loading and unloading device for counterweights used in automobile cranes has a simple structure, is connected to the rear of the turntable, is small in size, and will not adversely affect the overall dimensions and weight of the vehicle. In addition, through the coordinated use of the counterweight position indicator on the frame platform and the lifting cylinder and the horizontal displacement cylinder, the self-loading and unloading of the counterweight is relatively convenient. When the automobile crane needs to cope with different lifting weights, it is necessary to increase or decrease the counterweight of the crane in a targeted manner. During the increase or decrease of the counterweight of the automobile crane, due to the large volume and heavy mass of the crane counterweight block, the existing self-loading and unloading device for the crane counterweight cannot quickly load and unload the crane counterweight block of standard weight, resulting in time-consuming and labor-intensive loading and unloading of the crane counterweight, and low efficiency of loading and unloading of the crane counterweight. For this reason, we propose a self-loading and unloading device and method for the crane counterweight. Summary of the invention

[0006] The object of the present invention is to provide a self-loading and unloading device and method for crane counterweight, aiming to perform rapid loading and unloading of crane counterweight of standard weight, thereby saving time and effort in loading and unloading of crane counterweight and improving the loading and unloading efficiency of crane counterweight.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] A crane counterweight self-loading and unloading device comprises a frame;

[0009] A rotating axle platform, the rotating axle platform is rotatably connected to the top of the frame, the circumferential surface of the rotating axle platform is rotatably connected to a support platform, the side end of the support platform is fixedly connected to two extension blocks, the side ends of the two extension blocks are provided with two telescopic grooves, and a load-bearing block is inserted between the inner walls of the two telescopic grooves;

[0010] A loading and unloading rack, the loading and unloading rack is fixedly connected to the top of the rotating pillow block, the loading and unloading rack is located on one side of the rotating pillow block, a stepped groove is opened between the inner walls of the loading and unloading rack, a plurality of crane counterweights are stacked between the inner walls of the loading and unloading rack, a movable rack is arranged between the inner walls of the loading and unloading rack, and the movable rack is wrapped around the outer surfaces of the plurality of crane counterweights; and

[0011] The adjusting mechanism is arranged between the rotating shaft platform and the loading and unloading frame, and the adjusting mechanism is connected with two load-bearing blocks and a plurality of crane counterweight blocks to move the two load-bearing blocks and the plurality of crane counterweight blocks.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the adjusting mechanism includes a rotating assembly, a guiding assembly, a telescopic assembly, a pushing assembly, a lifting assembly and a clamping assembly. The rotating assembly is arranged on the circumferential surface of the rotating shaft platform, and the rotating assembly is connected to the support platform. There are two groups of telescopic assemblies, and the two groups of telescopic assemblies are arranged on the tops of two extension blocks. The two groups of telescopic assemblies are connected to two load-bearing blocks. There are two groups of guiding assemblies, and the two groups of guiding assemblies are connected to the two load-bearing blocks. The pushing assembly is arranged on the top of the loading and unloading rack, and the pushing assembly is connected to the moving rack. There are two groups of lifting assemblies, and the two groups of lifting assemblies are arranged on both sides of the moving rack. The clamping assembly is arranged between the inner walls of the moving rack. The clamping assembly corresponds to multiple crane counterweights, and the clamping assembly is connected to the two groups of lifting assemblies.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the rotating assembly includes a gear cover, a worm gear, a worm and a rotating motor. The gear cover is fixedly connected to the circumferential surface of the rotating shaft platform, and the gear cover is located above the support platform. The worm gear is rotatably connected to the circumferential surface of the rotating shaft platform. The worm gear is located between the inner walls of the gear cover, and the worm gear is connected to the support platform. The worm is rotatably connected between the inner walls of the gear cover. The worm meshes with the worm gear. The rotating motor is fixedly connected to the side end of the gear cover. The output end of the rotating motor extends between the inner walls of the gear cover, and the output end of the rotating motor is fixedly connected to the worm.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the telescopic assembly includes an extension frame, a first slider, a pushing motor, a first lead screw and a hollow mounting groove. There are two hollow mounting grooves, and the two hollow mounting grooves are opened at the bottoms of the two extension blocks. The two hollow mounting grooves correspond to the two load-bearing blocks. The extension frame is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the hollow mounting groove, and one end of the extension frame extends between the inner walls of the load-bearing block. The pushing motor is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the hollow mounting groove. The first lead screw is rotatably connected to the output end of the pushing motor. The other end of the first lead screw is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the extension frame. The first slider is sleeved on the circumferential surface of the first lead screw, and the first slider is fixedly connected between the inner walls of the load-bearing block.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, each set of the guiding components includes a spring groove, a telescopic rod, a spring, a first limiting groove, and a first limiting block. There are two spring grooves, and the two spring grooves are formed in a single extension block, and both of the two spring grooves are connected to the telescopic groove. There are two telescopic rods, and the two telescopic rods slide in the two spring grooves, and both of the two telescopic rods are connected to the load-bearing block. There are two springs, and the two springs are fixedly connected between the inner walls of the two spring grooves, and one end of each of the two springs is connected to one of the two spring grooves. There are two first limiting grooves, and the two first limiting grooves are formed on the inner wall of the telescopic groove. There are two first limiting blocks, and the two first limiting blocks slide between the inner walls of the two first limiting grooves, and both of the two first limiting blocks are connected to the load-bearing block.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, each set of the guiding components includes a spring groove, a telescopic rod, a spring, a first limiting groove, and a first limiting block. There are two spring grooves, and the two spring grooves are formed in a single extension block, and both of the two spring grooves are connected to the telescopic groove. There are two telescopic rods, and the two telescopic rods slide in the two spring grooves, and both of the two telescopic rods are connected to the load-bearing block. There are two springs, and the two springs are fixedly connected between the inner walls of the two spring grooves, and one end of each of the two springs is connected to one of the two spring grooves. There are two first limiting grooves, and the two first limiting grooves are formed on the inner wall of the telescopic groove. There are two first limiting blocks, and the two first limiting blocks slide between the inner walls of the two first limiting grooves, and both of the two first limiting blocks are connected to the load-bearing block.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, each set of the guiding components includes a spring groove, a telescopic rod, a spring, a first limiting groove, and a first limiting block. There are two spring grooves, and the two spring grooves are formed in a single extension block, and both of the two spring grooves are connected to the telescopic groove. There are two telescopic rods, and the two telescopic rods slide in the two spring grooves, and both of the two telescopic rods are connected to the load-bearing block. There are two springs, and the two springs are fixedly connected between the inner walls of the two spring grooves, and one end of each of the two springs is connected to one of the two spring grooves. There are two first limiting grooves, and the two first limiting grooves are formed on the inner wall of the telescopic groove. There are two first limiting blocks, and the two first limiting blocks slide between the inner walls of the two first limiting grooves, and both of the two first limiting blocks are connected to the load-bearing block.

[0018] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the clamping assembly includes insertion blocks, electric push rods, laser locators and displacement jacks. There are multiple displacement jacks, and the multiple displacement jacks are opened at the side ends of multiple crane counterweights. There are two insertion blocks, and the two insertion blocks are movably inserted into the side ends of the two second sliders. The two insertion blocks are horizontally corresponding to two of the multiple displacement jacks. There are two electric push rods, and the output ends of the two electric push rods extend into the two second sliders. The output ends of the two electric push rods are connected to the two insertion blocks. There are two laser locators, and the two laser locators are fixedly connected to the inner walls of the two second sliders, and the laser emission ends of the two laser locators emit infrared lasers downward.

[0019] As a preferred solution of the present invention, two positioning jacks are respectively opened through the tops of the two load-bearing blocks. The tops of the multiple crane counterweights are fixedly connected with embedding blocks, the bottoms of the multiple crane counterweights are provided with embedding grooves, and two jacks penetrate through the multiple crane counterweights up and down. The tops of the two extension blocks are fixedly connected with fixing frames, the tops of the two fixing frames are fixedly connected with two insertion rods respectively, the output ends of the four insertion rods extend to the bottoms of the two fixing frames, and the four insertion rods correspond to the four jacks respectively. The tops of the two extension blocks are fixedly connected with two auxiliary support blocks respectively.

[0020] A method for self-loading and unloading of crane counterweights includes the following steps:

[0021] S1. Rotational docking:

[0022] There is a vacant state between the fixing frame and the load-bearing block. Before filling multiple crane counterweights between the fixing frame and the load-bearing block, first energize and start the rotating motor. The output end of the rotating motor drives the worm to rotate. The worm drives the worm gear to rotate through meshing with the worm gear, and the worm gear then drives the support platform to rotate. The support platform drives the two extension blocks to rotate, and the two extension blocks drive the pushing assembly, the guiding assembly and the two load-bearing blocks to rotate. Then energize and start the pushing motor. The output end of the pushing motor drives the first lead screw to rotate. The first lead screw slides the load-bearing block out of the telescopic groove through cooperation with the first slider. At the same time, the two first limit grooves guide and guide the load-bearing block through sliding cooperation with the two first limit blocks, so that a single load-bearing block is inserted into the loading and unloading frame, and a single load-bearing block corresponds to multiple crane counterweights, realizing the rotational docking of a single load-bearing block and the crane counterweights.

[0023] S2. Quantitative clamping:

[0024] After the single load-bearing block is rotationally docked with the loading and unloading rack, power on and start the two electric push rods. The output ends of the two electric push rods extend, and according to the actual counterweight requirements, insert the two electric push rods into two displacement jacks at different heights, and select multiple crane counterweight blocks with different synchronous masses for quantitative clamping;

[0025] S3. Counterweight loading:

[0026] After quantitatively clamping multiple crane counterweight blocks, power on and start the two lifting motors. The output ends of the two lifting motors drive the two second lead screws to rotate. The two second lead screws push the two second sliders to slide up and down in the two lifting grooves through the sliding fit with the two second sliders, and then lift the multiple crane counterweight blocks. The two laser locators detect the lifting height of the multiple crane counterweight blocks in real time by emitting infrared laser downward. When the multiple crane counterweight blocks are lifted to the required height, power on and start the moving motor. The output end of the moving motor drives the pushing lead screw to rotate. The pushing lead screw pushes the moving frame to displace between the inner walls of the loading and unloading rack through the sliding fit with the pushing slider, and then realizes the horizontal displacement of the multiple crane counterweight blocks. Move the multiple crane counterweight blocks to the upper side of the load-bearing block. The output ends of the two lifting motors drive the two second lead screws to reverse. The two second lead screws drive the two electric push rods to move down through the sliding fit with the two second sliders, so that multiple jacks are stacked between the inner walls of the loading and unloading rack. Then the output ends of the two electric push rods contract to pull out the two plug blocks from the two displacement jacks, release the clamping of the multiple crane counterweight blocks, and the output of the moving motor drives the pushing lead screw to reverse. The pushing lead screw drives the moving frame to reset through the sliding fit with the pushing slider, realizing the counterweight loading of the multiple crane counterweight blocks;

[0027] S4. Plug-in fixation:

[0028] After the multiple crane counterweight blocks are clamped and displaced, the output end of the pushing motor reverses. The output end of the pushing motor drives the first lead screw to reverse. The first lead screw makes the load-bearing block reset through the sliding fit with the first slider, and then resets the load-bearing block between the inner walls of the telescopic groove. At the same time, when the load-bearing block resets, the load-bearing block pushes the two telescopic rods into the two spring grooves. The two telescopic rods squeeze the two springs to deform and contract. The two springs absorb the impact generated by the movement of the load-bearing block through deformation, avoiding the offset of the multiple crane counterweight blocks. After the multiple crane counterweight blocks are located under the fixing frame, multiple jacks correspond to the two stepped grooves up and down. Power on and start the two plug rods. The output ends of the two plug rods extend. The output ends of the two plug rods sequentially penetrate through the multiple jacks, so that the multiple crane counterweight blocks are fixed on the upper side of the load-bearing block, realizing the plug-in fixation of the multiple crane counterweight blocks;

[0029] S5. Counterweight unloading:

[0030] When it is necessary to unload the multiple crane counterweight blocks between the insertion rod and the load-bearing block, the output ends of the two insertion rods are contracted to release the plug-in fixation of the multiple crane counterweight blocks, and the output end of the push motor drives the first screw rod to rotate, and the first screw rod pushes the load-bearing block and the multiple crane counterweight blocks into between the loading and unloading frame and the inner wall of the step groove through the sliding cooperation with the first slider, and the moving motor and the two lifting motors are powered on to move the two insertion blocks to the two sides of the bottom crane counterweight block, and the two electric push rods insert the two insertion blocks into the two displacement sockets, and the two lifting motors lift the multiple crane counterweight blocks through the sliding cooperation with the two second sliders, and then the push slider displaces the multiple crane counterweight blocks through the sliding cooperation with the push screw rod, so that the multiple crane counterweight blocks are stacked again between the inner walls of the loading and unloading frame, thereby realizing the counterweight unloading of the multiple crane counterweight blocks;

[0031] S6. Accurate stacking:

[0032] During the counterweight unloading and loading process, multiple embedding grooves are connected with multiple embedding blocks up and down to achieve accurate stacking of multiple crane counterweight blocks.

[0033] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0034] 1. In this scheme, during the loading and unloading process of multiple crane counterweights, the pushing assembly, the lifting assembly and the clamping assembly can automatically clamp and move multiple crane counterweights of corresponding weight according to the required counterweight weight, and quickly install the multiple crane counterweights around the rotating shaft table through the telescopic assembly and the guiding assembly. At the same time, multiple crane counterweights can also be quickly disassembled without repeated lifting of a single socket. Standard weight can be quickly loaded and unloaded for the crane counterweight, which saves time and effort in loading and unloading the crane counterweight and improves the efficiency of loading and unloading the crane counterweight.

[0035] 2. In this scheme, during the rotation of the two load-bearing blocks, the rotating motor is powered on and started, and the output end of the rotating motor drives the worm to rotate, and the worm drives the worm wheel to rotate by meshing with the worm wheel, and the worm wheel drives the support platform to rotate around the rotating shaft platform, and the support platform drives the two extension blocks to rotate, and the two extension blocks drive the two load-bearing blocks to rotate through the guide assembly and the pushing assembly, so that one of the two load-bearing blocks is conveniently connected to the loading and unloading rack, and the two load-bearing blocks are rotated to ensure that the two load-bearing blocks can be accurately inserted into the step groove, so that multiple crane counterweight blocks in the loading and unloading rack can be conveniently removed from the loading and unloading rack, and the misalignment of multiple crane counterweight blocks can be avoided, and the accurate insertion of the four plug rods is convenient to avoid the falling off of multiple crane counterweight blocks, thereby improving the loading and unloading accuracy of the crane counterweight self-loading and unloading device.

[0036] 3. In this solution, when the load-bearing block moves telescopically in the telescopic groove, the driving motor is powered on and started. The output end of the driving motor drives the first lead screw to rotate. The first lead screw drives the first slider to move through meshing with the first slider. The first slider then drives the load-bearing block to move telescopically in the telescopic groove. By rotating the output end of the driving motor forward and backward, the load-bearing block is reciprocated, which facilitates the load-bearing block to drive multiple crane counterweight blocks to move quickly and stably between the fixed frame and the loading and unloading frame, and improves the loading and unloading efficiency of the crane counterweight self-loading and unloading device.

[0037] 4. In this solution, during the telescopic movement of the load-bearing block, the two first limit blocks limit the maximum elongation limit of the load-bearing block through sliding cooperation with the two first limit grooves. The two telescopic rods extend the force arm to support the load-bearing block through telescopic cooperation with the two spring grooves, thereby ensuring the smooth movement of the load-bearing block. The two springs absorb the impact generated on the extension block during the telescopic movement of the load-bearing block through deformation, preventing the crane counterweight blocks stacked on the top of the load-bearing block from shifting, ensuring the stable movement of multiple crane counterweight blocks, and improving the stability of the crane counterweight self-loading and unloading device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] The drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and form a part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation to the present invention. In the drawings:

[0039] Figure 1 is an installation schematic diagram of a crane counterweight self-loading and unloading device of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 2 is a first perspective three-dimensional view of a crane counterweight self-loading and unloading device of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 3 is a first half-sectional view of a crane counterweight self-loading and unloading device of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 4 is a half-sectional view of a rotating assembly of a crane counterweight self-loading and unloading device of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 5 is a half-sectional view of a telescopic assembly of a crane counterweight self-loading and unloading device of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 6 is a disassembled view of a telescopic assembly of a crane counterweight self-loading and unloading device of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 7 is a three-dimensional view of a driving assembly, a lifting assembly and a clamping assembly of a crane counterweight self-loading and unloading device of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 8The first half-sectional view of the pushing component, lifting component and clamping component of a counterweight self-loading and unloading device for a crane according to the present invention;

[0047] Figure 9 A counterweight self-loading and unloading device for a crane according to the present invention Figure 8 The enlarged view of part A;

[0048] Figure 10 A counterweight self-loading and unloading device for a crane according to the present invention Figure 8 The enlarged view of part B;

[0049] Figure 11 The disassembled view of the crane counterweight block of a counterweight self-loading and unloading device for a crane according to the present invention;

[0050] Figure 12 The second half-sectional view of the pushing component, lifting component and clamping component of a counterweight self-loading and unloading device for a crane according to the present invention.

[0051] In the figure: 1, vehicle frame; 2, rotating shaft platform; 3, gear cover; 4, support platform; 5, worm gear; 6, worm; 7, rotating motor; 8, extension block; 9, auxiliary support block; 10, telescopic groove; 11, load-bearing block; 12, extension frame; 13, first slider; 14, pushing motor; 15, first lead screw; 16, second limit block; 17, hollow installation groove; 18, spring groove; 19, telescopic rod; 20, spring; 21, first limit groove; 22, first limit block; 23, fixed frame; 24, insertion rod; 25, insertion hole; 26, loading and unloading frame; 27, stepped groove; 28, crane counterweight block; 29, embedding groove; 30, embedding block; 31, push-pull groove; 32, sliding groove; 33, moving frame; 34, pulley; 35, moving motor; 36, lifting groove; 37, second limit groove; 38, second lead screw; 39, lifting motor; 40, second slider; 41, insertion block; 42, electric push rod; 43, laser locator; 44, pushing slider; 45, pushing lead screw; 46, displacement insertion hole; 47, positioning insertion hole. Detailed implementation manners

[0052] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0053] Embodiment 1

[0054] Referring to Figure 1 - Figure 12 , a counterweight self-loading and unloading device for a crane, comprising:

[0055] Frame 1;

[0056] Rotating shaft platform 2, the rotating shaft platform 2 is rotatably connected to the top of the frame 1, the circumferential surface of the rotating shaft platform 2 is rotatably connected with a support platform 4, two extension blocks 8 are fixedly connected to the side end of the support platform 4, two telescopic grooves 10 are opened on the side ends of the two extension blocks 8, and load-bearing blocks 11 are inserted between the inner walls of the two telescopic grooves 10;

[0057] Loading and unloading rack 26, the loading and unloading rack 26 is fixedly connected to the top of the rotating shaft platform 2, the loading and unloading rack 26 is located on one side of the rotating shaft platform 2, a stepped groove 27 is opened between the inner walls of the loading and unloading rack 26, multiple crane counterweight blocks 28 are stacked between the inner walls of the loading and unloading rack 26, and a moving rack 33 is arranged between the inner walls of the loading and unloading rack 26, and the moving rack 33 wraps the outer surfaces of the multiple crane counterweight blocks 28; and

[0058] Adjusting mechanism, the adjusting mechanism is arranged between the rotating shaft platform 2 and the loading and unloading rack 26, the adjusting mechanism is connected to the two load-bearing blocks 11 and the multiple crane counterweight blocks 28, and is used to move the two load-bearing blocks 11 and the multiple crane counterweight blocks 28.

[0059] In the present invention, the frame 1 is used to support the rotating shaft platform 2 and the loading and unloading rack 26, the rotating shaft platform 2 is used to support the gear cover 3, the support platform 4 and the worm wheel 5, the support platform 4 is used to support and fix the two extension blocks 8, the two extension blocks 8 are used to support and fix the two fixing frames 23, the two telescopic grooves 10 are used to accommodate the two load-bearing blocks 11, the two load-bearing blocks 11 are used to support the multiple crane counterweight blocks 28, the loading and unloading rack 26 is used to accommodate the pushing component, the two sets of lifting components, the clamping component and the multiple crane counterweight blocks 28, the stepped groove 27 is used to accommodate a single load-bearing block 11, the multiple crane counterweight blocks 28 use standardized standard weights to counterweight the crane, the moving rack 33 is used to support the two sets of lifting components and the multiple crane counterweight blocks 28, and the adjusting mechanism is connected to the two load-bearing blocks 11 and the multiple crane counterweight blocks 28, and is used to move the two load-bearing blocks 11 and the multiple crane counterweight blocks 28.

[0060] The adjusting mechanism includes a rotating component, a guiding component, a telescopic component, a pushing component, a lifting component and a clamping component. The rotating component is arranged on the circumferential surface of the rotating shaft platform 2 and is connected to the support platform 4. There are two sets of telescopic components, and the two sets of telescopic components are arranged on the tops of the two extension blocks 8 and are connected to the two load-bearing blocks 11. There are two sets of guiding components, and the two sets of guiding components are connected to the two load-bearing blocks 11. The pushing component is arranged on the top of the loading and unloading rack 26 and is connected to the moving rack 33. There are two sets of lifting components, and the two sets of lifting components are arranged on both sides of the moving rack 33. The clamping component is arranged between the inner walls of the moving rack 33, the clamping component corresponds to the multiple crane counterweight blocks 28, and the clamping component is connected to the two sets of lifting components.

[0061] In the present invention, the rotating assembly is used to rotate the two load-bearing blocks 11, the two telescopic assemblies are used to horizontally move the two load-bearing blocks 11, the two guiding assemblies are used to horizontally guide the movement of the two load-bearing blocks 11, the pushing assembly is used to horizontally move multiple crane counterweight blocks 28, the two lifting assemblies are used to lift and lower multiple crane counterweight blocks 28, and the clamping assembly is used to clamp multiple crane counterweight blocks 28.

[0062] The rotating assembly includes a gear cover 3, a worm gear 5, a worm 6 and a rotating motor 7. The gear cover 3 is fixedly connected to the circumferential surface of the rotating shaft platform 2, and the gear cover 3 is located above the support platform 4. The worm gear 5 is rotatably connected to the circumferential surface of the rotating shaft platform 2. The worm gear 5 is located between the inner walls of the gear cover 3 and is connected to the support platform 4. The worm 6 is rotatably connected between the inner walls of the gear cover 3. The worm 6 meshes with the worm gear 5. The rotating motor 7 is fixedly connected to the side end of the gear cover 3. The output end of the rotating motor 7 extends between the inner walls of the gear cover 3, and the output end of the rotating motor 7 is fixedly connected to the worm 6.

[0063] In the present invention, the gear cover 3 is used to enclose the worm gear 5 and the worm 6. The worm gear 5 is used to drive the support platform 4 to rotate. The worm 6 drives the worm gear 5 to rotate through meshing with the worm gear 5. The rotating motor 7 is used to drive the worm 6 to rotate. During the rotation of the two load-bearing blocks 11, the rotating motor 7 is powered on and started. The output end of the rotating motor 7 drives the worm 6 to rotate. The worm 6 drives the worm gear 5 to rotate through meshing with the worm gear 5. The worm gear 5 drives the support platform 4 to rotate around the rotating shaft platform 2. The support platform 4 drives the two extension blocks 8 to rotate. The two extension blocks 8 drive the two load-bearing blocks 11 to rotate through the guiding assembly and the pushing assembly, facilitating the docking of one of the two load-bearing blocks 11 with the loading and unloading rack 26. By rotating the two load-bearing blocks 11, it is ensured that the two load-bearing blocks 11 can accurately insert into the stepped groove 27, facilitating the removal of multiple crane counterweight blocks 28 in the loading and unloading rack 26 from the loading and unloading rack 26, avoiding the misalignment of multiple crane counterweight blocks 28, facilitating the accurate insertion of the four insertion rods 24, and avoiding the detachment of multiple crane counterweight blocks 28, thereby improving the loading and unloading accuracy of the crane counterweight self-loading and unloading device.

[0064] The telescopic assembly includes an extension frame 12, a first slider 13, a driving motor 14, a first lead screw 15, and a hollow mounting groove 17. There are two hollow mounting grooves 17, which are opened at the bottoms of two extension blocks 8. The two hollow mounting grooves 17 correspond to the two load-bearing blocks 11. The extension frame 12 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the hollow mounting groove 17, and one end of the extension frame 12 extends between the inner walls of the load-bearing blocks 11. The driving motor 14 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the hollow mounting groove 17. The first lead screw 15 is rotatably connected to the output end of the driving motor 14. The other end of the first lead screw 15 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the extension frame 12. The first slider 13 is sleeved on the circumferential surface of the first lead screw 15, and the first slider 13 is fixedly connected between the inner walls of the load-bearing blocks 11.

[0065] In the present invention, the two hollow mounting grooves 17 are used to accommodate the two extension frames 12 and the two driving motors 14. The extension frame 12 is used to support the first lead screw 15 and the load-bearing blocks 11. The driving motor 14 is used to drive the first lead screw 15 to rotate. The first lead screw 15 pushes the first slider 13 to move through the sliding fit with the first slider 13. The first slider 13 is used to push and pull the load-bearing block 11 to move in parallel. When the load-bearing block 11 moves telescopically in the telescopic groove 10, the driving motor 14 is powered on and started. The output end of the driving motor 14 drives the first lead screw 15 to rotate. The first lead screw 15 drives the first slider 13 to move through the engagement with the first slider 13. The first slider 13 then drives the load-bearing block 11 to move telescopically in the telescopic groove 10. By using the forward and reverse rotation of the output end of the driving motor 14, the load-bearing block 11 is reciprocally moved, which facilitates the load-bearing block 11 to drive multiple crane counterweight blocks 28 to move quickly and stably between the fixed frame 23 and the loading and unloading frame 26, and improves the loading and unloading efficiency of the crane counterweight self-loading and unloading device.

[0066] Each group of guiding assemblies includes a spring groove 18, a telescopic rod 19, a spring 20, a first limiting groove 21, and a first limiting block 22. There are two spring grooves 18, which are opened in a single extension block 8, and the two spring grooves 18 are both connected to the telescopic groove 10. There are two telescopic rods 19, which slide in the two spring grooves 18, and the two telescopic rods 19 are both connected to the load-bearing block 11. There are two springs 20, which are fixedly connected between the inner walls of the two spring grooves 18, and one end of the two springs 20 is connected to the two spring grooves 18. There are two first limiting grooves 21, which are opened on the inner wall of the telescopic groove 10. There are two first limiting blocks 22, which slide between the inner walls of the two first limiting grooves 21, and the two first limiting blocks 22 are both connected to the load-bearing block 11.

[0067] In the present invention, in a single set of guiding components, two spring grooves 18 are used to accommodate two telescopic rods 19 and two springs 20. The two telescopic rods 19 assist in supporting the telescopic movement of the load-bearing block 11 in the telescopic groove 10 through sliding cooperation with the two spring grooves 18. The two springs 20 are used to push the two telescopic rods 19 out of the two spring grooves 18. At the same time, the two springs 20 absorb the impact generated by the telescopic movement of the load-bearing block 11 on the extension block 8 through deformation. The two first limiting grooves 21 are used to accommodate the sliding of the two first limiting blocks 22. The two first limiting blocks 22 guide and limit the movement of the load-bearing block 11 through sliding cooperation with the two first limiting grooves 21. At the same time, the two first limiting blocks 22 and the two first limiting grooves 21 support the load-bearing block 11. During the telescopic movement of the load-bearing block 11, the two first limiting blocks 22 limit the maximum elongation limit of the load-bearing block 11 through sliding cooperation with the two first limiting grooves 21. The two telescopic rods 19 extend the force arm to support the load-bearing block 11 through telescopic cooperation with the two spring grooves 18, thereby ensuring the stable movement of the load-bearing block 11. The two springs 20 absorb the impact generated by the telescopic movement of the load-bearing block 11 on the extension block 8 through deformation, preventing the crane counterweight blocks 28 stacked on the top of the load-bearing block 11 from shifting, ensuring the stable movement of multiple crane counterweight blocks 28, and improving the stability of the crane counterweight self-loading and unloading device.

[0068] The pushing component includes a push-pull groove 31, a sliding groove 32, a pulley 34, a moving motor 35, a pushing slider 44, and a pushing lead screw 45. The push-pull groove 31 is opened at the top of the loading and unloading frame 26. The push-pull groove 31 is communicated with the inner wall of the loading and unloading frame 26. The pushing lead screw 45 is rotatably connected between the inner walls of the push-pull groove 31, and one end of the pushing lead screw 45 extends to the side end of the loading and unloading frame 26. The moving motor 35 is fixedly connected to the side end of the loading and unloading frame 26. The output end of the moving motor 35 is connected to the extended end of the pushing lead screw 45. The pushing slider 44 is sleeved on the circumferential surface of the pushing lead screw 45, and the pushing slider 44 is connected to the moving frame 33. There are two sliding grooves 32. The two sliding grooves 32 are opened between the inner walls of the loading and unloading frame 26. There are multiple pulleys 34. The multiple pulleys 34 slide between the inner walls of the two sliding grooves 32. The multiple pulleys 34 are all connected to the moving frame 33.

[0069] In the present invention, the push-pull groove 31 is used to accommodate the push slider 44 and the push screw rod 45. The push screw rod 45 drives the push slider 44 to reciprocate within the push-pull groove 31 through sliding cooperation with the push slider 44, and then drives the moving frame 33 to reciprocate within the loading and unloading frame 26. The moving motor 35 is used to drive the push screw rod 45 to rotate. The push slider 44 is used to drive the moving frame 33 to reciprocate. The two sliding grooves 32 are used to accommodate the sliding of multiple pulleys 34. The multiple pulleys 34 are used to support the moving frame 33. When it is necessary to horizontally move multiple crane counterweights 28, the moving motor 35 is powered on and started. The output end of the moving motor 35 drives the push screw rod 45 to rotate. The push screw rod 45 reciprocates the push slider 44 through sliding cooperation with the push slider 44, and then drives the moving frame 33 to reciprocate within the loading and unloading frame 26. At the same time, the multiple pulleys 34 support the movement of the moving frame 33 by sliding within the two sliding grooves 32, and then support the horizontal movement of multiple crane counterweights 28.

[0070] Each set of lifting components includes a second limit block 16, a lifting groove 36, a second limit groove 37, a second screw rod 38, a lifting motor 39 and a second slider 40. The lifting groove 36 is opened on one side of the moving frame 33. The lifting groove 36 communicates with the inner wall of the moving frame 33. The second screw rod 38 is rotatably connected between the inner walls of the lifting groove 36. One end of the second screw rod 38 extends to the top of the moving frame 33. The lifting motor 39 is fixedly connected to the top of the moving frame 33. The output end of the lifting motor 39 is connected to the extended end of the second screw rod 38. The second slider 40 is sleeved on the circumferential surface of the second screw rod 38. The second slider 40 slides between the inner walls of the lifting groove 36. There are two second limit grooves 37. The two second limit grooves 37 are opened between the inner walls of the lifting groove 36. There are two second limit blocks 16. The two second limit blocks 16 slide between the inner walls of the two second limit grooves 37. Both of the two second limit blocks 16 are connected to the second slider 40.

[0071] In the present invention, the two lifting grooves 36 are used to accommodate the lifting movement of the second slider 40. The second screw rod 38 drives the second slider 40 to lift through sliding cooperation with the second slider 40. The lifting motor 39 is used to drive the second screw rod 38 to rotate. The second slider 40 is used to support and fix the insertion block 41 and the electric push rod 42. The two second limit grooves 37 are used to accommodate the two second limit blocks 16. The two second limit blocks 16 lift the second slider 40 through sliding cooperation with the two second limit grooves 37. When lifting multiple blocks, the two lifting motors 39 in the two sets of lifting components are powered on and started. The output ends of the two lifting motors 39 drive the two second screw rods 38 to rotate. The two second screw rods 38 lift the two insertion blocks 41 through sliding cooperation with the two second sliders 40, and then realize the lifting of multiple crane counterweights 28, facilitating the vertical movement of multiple crane counterweights 28.

[0072] The clamping assembly includes insertion blocks 41, electric push rods 42, laser locators 43 and displacement jacks 46. There are multiple displacement jacks 46, and the multiple displacement jacks 46 are opened at the side ends of multiple crane counterweight blocks 28. There are two insertion blocks 41, and the two insertion blocks 41 are movably inserted into the side ends of two second sliders 40. The two insertion blocks 41 are horizontally corresponding to two of the multiple displacement jacks 46. There are two electric push rods 42, and the output ends of the two electric push rods 42 extend into the two second sliders 40. The output ends of the two electric push rods 42 are connected to the two insertion blocks 41. There are two laser locators 43, and the two laser locators 43 are fixedly connected to the inner walls of the two second sliders 40, and the laser emission ends of the two laser locators 43 emit infrared laser downward.

[0073] In the present invention, the multiple displacement jacks 46 are used to accommodate the two insertion blocks 41. The two insertion blocks 41 are inserted into two horizontally corresponding displacement jacks 46 among the multiple displacement jacks 46 according to the actual counterweight requirement. The two electric push rods 42 are used to push and pull the two insertion blocks 41 to make telescopic movements. The two laser locators 43 are used to emit infrared laser to the lower inner walls of the two lifting grooves 36 to detect the real-time height of the two insertion blocks 41. When it is necessary to clamp multiple crane counterweight blocks 28 according to the actual need, the two laser locators 43 detect that the two insertion blocks 41 move to both sides of the crane counterweight blocks 28 corresponding to the counterweight weight. The output ends of the two electric push rods 42 push the two insertion blocks 41 to insert into the corresponding two displacement jacks 46, which is convenient for clamping and moving multiple crane counterweight blocks 28, without the need for repeated hoisting of a single jack 25, and enables rapid loading and unloading of the standard weight of the crane counterweight, making the loading and unloading of the crane counterweight time-saving and labor-saving, and improving the loading and unloading efficiency of the crane counterweight.

[0074] Two positioning jacks 47 are respectively and vertically opened at the tops of the two load-bearing blocks 11. Embedded blocks 30 are fixedly connected to the tops of the multiple crane counterweight blocks 28. Embedded grooves 29 are opened at the bottoms of the multiple crane counterweight blocks 28. Two jacks 25 penetrate through the multiple crane counterweight blocks 28 up and down. Fixing frames 23 are fixedly connected to the tops of the two extension blocks 8. Two insertion rods 24 are fixedly connected to the tops of the two fixing frames 23. The output ends of the four insertion rods 24 extend to the bottoms of the two fixing frames 23, and the four insertion rods 24 correspond to the four jacks 25 respectively. Two auxiliary support blocks 9 are fixedly connected to the tops of the two extension blocks 8.

[0075] In the present invention, two positioning jacks 47 are used to accommodate the insertion of two insertion rods 24. The insertion block 30 is used to insert into the insertion groove 29. The insertion groove 29 is used to accommodate the insertion block 30. The insertion groove 29 is accurately stacked up and down by being inserted and matched with the insertion block 30. The opening of multiple jacks 25 is used to accommodate two insertion rods 24. Two fixing frames 23 are used to support and fix four insertion rods 24. The four insertion rods 24 fix multiple crane counterweight blocks 28 by passing through and inserting into the two positioning jacks 47 and the multiple jacks 25. Four auxiliary support blocks 9 are used to assist in supporting multiple crane counterweight blocks 28, dispersing the weight of multiple crane counterweight blocks 28, and avoiding stress concentration and fracture of the extension block 8 and the load-bearing block 11.

[0076] A method for self-loading and unloading of crane counterweights includes the following steps:

[0077] S1. Rotational docking:

[0078] There is a vacant state between the fixing frame 23 and the load-bearing block 11. Before filling multiple crane counterweight blocks 28 between the fixing frame 23 and the load-bearing block 11, first energize and start the rotating motor 7. The output end of the rotating motor 7 drives the worm 6 to rotate. The worm 6 drives the worm gear 5 to rotate through meshing with the worm gear 5. The worm gear 5 then drives the support platform 4 to rotate. The support platform 4 drives two extension blocks 8 to rotate. The two extension blocks 8 drive the pushing assembly, the guiding assembly, and the two load-bearing blocks 11 to rotate. Then energize and start the pushing motor 14. The output end of the pushing motor 14 drives the first lead screw 15 to rotate. The first lead screw 15 pushes the load-bearing block 11 out of the telescopic groove 10 through sliding cooperation with the first slider 13. At the same time, the two first limiting grooves 21 guide and direct the load-bearing block 11 through sliding cooperation with the two first limiting blocks 22, so that a single load-bearing block 11 is inserted into the loading and unloading frame 26, and a single load-bearing block 11 corresponds to multiple crane counterweight blocks 28, realizing the rotational docking of a single load-bearing block 11 and the crane counterweight blocks 28.

[0079] S2. Quantitative clamping:

[0080] After the rotational docking of a single load-bearing block 11 and the loading and unloading frame 26, energize and start two electric push rods 42. The output ends of the two electric push rods 42 extend. According to the actual counterweight requirement, insert the two electric push rods 42 into two displacement jacks 46 at different heights, and select multiple crane counterweight blocks 28 with different synchronous masses for quantitative clamping.

[0081] S3. Counterweight loading:

[0082] After quantitatively clamping multiple crane counterweight blocks 28, power on and start the two lifting motors 39. The output ends of the two lifting motors 39 drive the two second lead screws 38 to rotate. The two second lead screws 38 push the two second sliders 40 to slide up and down in the two lifting grooves 36 through the sliding fit with the two second sliders 40, and then lift the multiple crane counterweight blocks 28. The two laser locators 43 detect the lifting height of the multiple crane counterweight blocks 28 in real time by emitting infrared laser downward. When the multiple crane counterweight blocks 28 are lifted to the required height, power on and start the moving motor 35. The output end of the moving motor 35 drives the pushing lead screw 45 to rotate. The pushing lead screw 45 pushes the moving frame 33 to displace between the inner walls of the loading and unloading frame 26 through the sliding fit with the pushing slider 44, and then realizes the horizontal displacement of the multiple crane counterweight blocks 28. Move the multiple crane counterweight blocks 28 to the upper side of the load-bearing block 11. The output ends of the two lifting motors 39 drive the two second lead screws 38 to reverse. The two second lead screws 38 drive the two electric push rods 42 to move downward through the sliding fit with the two second sliders 40, so that multiple jacks 25 are stacked between the inner walls of the loading and unloading frame 26. Then, the output ends of the two electric push rods 42 contract to pull out the two plug blocks 41 from the two displacement jacks 46, releasing the clamping of the multiple crane counterweight blocks 28. The output of the moving motor 35 drives the pushing lead screw 45 to reverse. The pushing lead screw 45 drives the moving frame 33 to reset through the sliding fit with the pushing slider 44, realizing the counterweight loading of the multiple crane counterweight blocks 28;

[0083] S4. Plug-in fixation:

[0084] After the multiple crane counterweight blocks 28 are clamped and displaced, the output end of the pushing motor 14 reverses. The output end of the pushing motor 14 drives the first lead screw 15 to reverse. The first lead screw 15 makes the load-bearing block 11 reset through the sliding fit with the first slider 13, and then resets the load-bearing block 11 between the inner walls of the telescopic groove 10. At the same time, when the load-bearing block 11 resets, the load-bearing block 11 pushes the two telescopic rods 19 into the two spring grooves 18. The two telescopic rods 19 squeeze the two springs 20 to deform and contract. The two springs 20 absorb the impact generated by the movement of the load-bearing block 11 through deformation, avoiding the offset of the multiple crane counterweight blocks 28. After the multiple crane counterweight blocks 28 are located under the fixed frame 23, the multiple jacks 25 correspond to the two stepped grooves 27 up and down. Power on and start the two plug rods 24. The output ends of the two plug rods 24 extend. The output ends of the two plug rods 24 sequentially penetrate through the multiple jacks 25, so that the multiple crane counterweight blocks 28 are fixed on the upper side of the load-bearing block 11, realizing the plug-in fixation of the multiple crane counterweight blocks 28;

[0085] S5. Counterweight unloading:

[0086] When it is necessary to unload multiple crane counterweight blocks 28 between the insertion rods 24 and the load-bearing block 11, the output ends of the two insertion rods 24 contract to release the plug-in fixation of the multiple crane counterweight blocks 28. The output end of the driving motor 14 drives the first lead screw 15 to rotate. The first lead screw 15, through the sliding fit with the first slider 13, pushes the load-bearing block 11 and the multiple crane counterweight blocks 28 into the space between the inner walls of the loading and unloading frame 26 and the stepped groove 27. The mobile motor 35 and the two lifting motors 39 are powered on and started. The two insertion blocks 41 are moved to both sides of the lowermost crane counterweight block 28. The two electric push rods 42 insert the two insertion blocks 41 into the two displacement jacks 46. The two lifting motors 39 lift the multiple crane counterweight blocks 28 through the sliding fit with the two second sliders 40. Then, the pushing slider 44 displaces the multiple crane counterweight blocks 28 through the sliding fit with the pushing lead screw 45, so that the multiple crane counterweight blocks 28 are stacked again between the inner walls of the loading and unloading frame 26, realizing the counterweight unloading of the multiple crane counterweight blocks 28;

[0087] S6. Accurate stacking:

[0088] During the counterweight unloading and loading processes, multiple slots 29 are inserted up and down with multiple inserts 30 to achieve accurate stacking between multiple crane counterweight blocks 28.

[0089] Finally, it should be noted that the above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A crane counterweight self-loading and unloading device, characterized in that Comprising; Frame (1); Rotating shaft platform (2), the rotating shaft platform (2) is rotatably connected to the top of the frame (1), the circumferential surface of the rotating shaft platform (2) is rotatably connected to a support platform (4), two extension blocks (8) are fixedly connected to the side end of the support platform (4), and two telescopic slots (10) are provided at the side ends of the two extension blocks (8), and a load-bearing block (11) is inserted between the inner walls of the two telescopic slots (10); Loading and unloading rack (26), the loading and unloading rack (26) is fixedly connected to the top of the rotating shaft platform (2), the loading and unloading rack (26) is located on one side of the rotating shaft platform (2), a stepped groove (27) is provided between the inner walls of the loading and unloading rack (26), multiple crane counterweight blocks (28) are stacked between the inner walls of the loading and unloading rack (26), a moving rack (33) is provided between the inner walls of the loading and unloading rack (26), and the moving rack (33) wraps around the outer surfaces of the multiple crane counterweight blocks (28); And Adjusting mechanism, the adjusting mechanism is provided between the rotating shaft platform (2) and the loading and unloading rack (26), the adjusting mechanism is connected to the two load-bearing blocks (11) and the multiple crane counterweight blocks (28) for moving the two load-bearing blocks (11) and the multiple crane counterweight blocks (28).

2. The self-loading and unloading device for the counterweight of a crane according to claim 1, wherein, The adjusting mechanism includes a rotating component, a guiding component, a telescopic component, a pushing component, a lifting component and a clamping component. The rotating component is provided on the circumferential surface of the rotating shaft platform (2), and the rotating component is connected to the support platform (4). Two groups of telescopic components are provided, and the two groups of telescopic components are provided on the tops of the two extension blocks (8), and the two groups of telescopic components are connected to the two load-bearing blocks (11). Two groups of guiding components are provided, and the two groups of guiding components are connected to the two load-bearing blocks (11). The pushing component is provided on the top of the loading and unloading rack (26), and the pushing component is connected to the moving rack (33). Two groups of lifting components are provided, and the two groups of lifting components are provided on both sides of the moving rack (33). The clamping component is provided between the inner walls of the moving rack (33), the clamping component corresponds to the multiple crane counterweight blocks (28), and the clamping component is connected to the two groups of lifting components.

3. The self-loading and unloading device for crane counterweight according to claim 2, wherein The rotating component includes a gear cover (3), a worm gear (5), a worm (6) and a rotating motor (7). The gear cover (3) is fixedly connected to the circumferential surface of the rotating shaft platform (2), and the gear cover (3) is located above the support platform (4). The worm gear (5) is rotatably connected to the circumferential surface of the rotating shaft platform (2), the worm gear (5) is located between the inner walls of the gear cover (3), and the worm gear (5) is connected to the support platform (4). The worm (6) is rotatably connected between the inner walls of the gear cover (3), the worm (6) is meshed with the worm gear (5). The rotating motor (7) is fixedly connected to the side end of the gear cover (3), the output end of the rotating motor (7) extends between the inner walls of the gear cover (3), and the output end of the rotating motor (7) is fixedly connected to the worm (6).

4. A crane counterweight self-loading and unloading device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The telescopic assembly includes an extension frame (12), a first slider (13), a driving motor (14), a first lead screw (15), and a hollow mounting groove (17). There are two hollow mounting grooves (17), and the two hollow mounting grooves (17) are opened at the bottoms of two extension blocks (8). The two hollow mounting grooves (17) correspond to two load-bearing blocks (11). The extension frame (12) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the hollow mounting groove (17), and one end of the extension frame (12) extends between the inner walls of the load-bearing blocks (11). The driving motor (14) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the hollow mounting groove (17). The first lead screw (15) is rotatably connected to the output end of the driving motor (14), and the other end of the first lead screw (15) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the extension frame (12). The first slider (13) is sleeved on the circumferential surface of the first lead screw (15), and the first slider (13) is fixedly connected between the inner walls of the load-bearing blocks (11).

5. The self-loading and unloading device for the counterweight of a crane according to claim 4, characterized in that, Each group of the guiding assemblies includes a spring groove (18), a telescopic rod (19), a spring (20), a first limiting groove (21), and a first limiting block (22). There are two spring grooves (18), and the two spring grooves (18) are opened in a single extension block (8), and the two spring grooves (18) are both connected to the telescopic groove (10). There are two telescopic rods (19), and the two telescopic rods (19) slide in the two spring grooves (18), and the two telescopic rods (19) are both connected to the load-bearing block (11). There are two springs (20), and the two springs (20) are fixedly connected between the inner walls of the two spring grooves (18), and one end of each of the two springs (20) is connected to the two spring grooves (18). There are two first limiting grooves (21), and the two first limiting grooves (21) are opened on the inner wall of the telescopic groove (10). There are two first limiting blocks (22), and the two first limiting blocks (22) slide between the inner walls of the two first limiting grooves (21), and the two first limiting blocks (22) are both connected to the load-bearing block (11).

6. The self-loading and unloading device for the counterweight of a crane according to claim 5, characterized in that, The pushing component includes a push-pull groove (31), a sliding groove (32), a pulley (34), a moving motor (35), a pushing slider (44) and a pushing lead screw (45). The push-pull groove (31) is formed at the top of the loading and unloading rack (26), and the push-pull groove (31) communicates with the inner wall of the loading and unloading rack (26). The pushing lead screw (45) is rotatably connected between the inner walls of the push-pull groove (31), and one end of the pushing lead screw (45) extends to the side end of the loading and unloading rack (26). The moving motor (35) is fixedly connected to the side end of the loading and unloading rack (26), and the output end of the moving motor (35) is connected to the extended end of the pushing lead screw (45). The pushing slider (44) is sleeved on the circumferential surface of the pushing lead screw (45), and the pushing slider (44) is connected to the moving frame (33). There are two sliding grooves (32), and the two sliding grooves (32) are formed between the inner walls of the loading and unloading rack (26). There are multiple pulleys (34), and the multiple pulleys (34) slide between the inner walls of the two sliding grooves (32), and the multiple pulleys (34) are all connected to the moving frame (33).

7. The self-loading and unloading device for the counterweight of a crane according to claim 6, characterized in that, Each set of lifting components includes a second limit block (16), a lifting groove (36), a second limit groove (37), a second lead screw (38), a lifting motor (39) and a second slider (40). The lifting groove (36) is formed on one side of the moving frame (33), and the lifting groove (36) communicates with the inner wall of the moving frame (33). The second lead screw (38) is rotatably connected between the inner walls of the lifting groove (36), and one end of the second lead screw (38) extends to the top of the moving frame (33). The lifting motor (39) is fixedly connected to the top of the moving frame (33), and the output end of the lifting motor (39) is connected to the extended end of the second lead screw (38). The second slider (40) is sleeved on the circumferential surface of the second lead screw (38), and the second slider (40) slides between the inner walls of the lifting groove (36). There are two second limit grooves (37), and the two second limit grooves (37) are formed between the inner walls of the lifting groove (36). There are two second limit blocks (16), and the two second limit blocks (16) slide between the inner walls of the two second limit grooves (37), and the two second limit blocks (16) are both connected to the second slider (40).

8. A self-loading and unloading device for crane counterweights according to claim 7, characterized in that, The clamping assembly includes insertion blocks (41), electric push rods (42), laser locators (43) and displacement jacks (46). A plurality of the displacement jacks (46) are provided, and the plurality of displacement jacks (46) are opened at the side ends of multiple crane counterweights (28). Two insertion blocks (41) are provided, and the two insertion blocks (41) are movably inserted into the side ends of two second sliders (40). The two insertion blocks (41) are horizontally corresponding to two of the plurality of displacement jacks (46). Two electric push rods (42) are provided, and the output ends of the two electric push rods (42) extend into the two second sliders (40). The output ends of the two electric push rods (42) are connected to the two insertion blocks (41). Two laser locators (43) are provided, and the two laser locators (43) are fixedly connected to the inner walls of the two second sliders (40), and the laser emitting ends of the two laser locators (43) emit infrared laser downward.

9. The self-loading and unloading device for the counterweight of a crane according to claim 8, wherein, Two positioning jacks (47) are respectively and vertically opened at the tops of the two load-bearing blocks (11). Embedding blocks (30) are fixedly connected to the tops of the plurality of crane counterweights (28). Embedding grooves (29) are opened at the bottoms of the plurality of crane counterweights (28). Two jacks (25) penetrate through the plurality of crane counterweights (28) up and down. Fixing frames (23) are fixedly connected to the tops of the two extension blocks (8). Two insertion rods (24) are fixedly connected to the tops of the two fixing frames (23). The output ends of the four insertion rods (24) extend to the bottoms of the two fixing frames (23), and the four insertion rods (24) correspond to the four jacks (25). Two auxiliary support blocks (9) are fixedly connected to the tops of the two extension blocks (8).

10. A method for self-loading and unloading of crane counterweights, characterized in that, Applying a crane counterweight self-loading and unloading device according to claim 9, comprising the following steps: S1. Rotational docking: There is a vacant state between the fixing frame (23) and the load-bearing block (11). Before filling multiple crane counterweight blocks (28) between the fixing frame (23) and the load-bearing block (11), first energize and start the rotating motor (7). The output end of the rotating motor (7) drives the worm (6) to rotate. The worm (6) drives the worm wheel (5) to rotate through meshing with the worm wheel (5). The worm wheel (5) then drives the support platform (4) to rotate. The support platform (4) drives the two extension blocks (8) to rotate. The two extension blocks (8) drive the pushing assembly, the guiding assembly, and the two load-bearing blocks (11) to rotate. Then, energize and start the pushing motor (14). The output end of the pushing motor (14) drives the first lead screw (15) to rotate. The first lead screw (15) pushes the load-bearing block (11) out of the telescopic groove (10) through sliding cooperation with the first slider (13). At the same time, the two first limiting grooves (21) guide and direct the load-bearing block (11) through sliding cooperation with the two first limiting blocks (22), so that a single load-bearing block (11) is inserted into the loading and unloading frame (26), and a single load-bearing block (11) corresponds to multiple crane counterweight blocks (28), realizing the rotational docking of a single load-bearing block (11) and the crane counterweight blocks (28). S2. Quantitative clamping: After the rotational docking of a single load-bearing block (11) and the loading and unloading frame (26), energize and start the two electric push rods (42). The output ends of the two electric push rods (42) extend, and according to the actual counterweight requirements, insert the two electric push rods (42) into two displacement jacks (46) at different heights to quantitatively clamp multiple crane counterweight blocks (28) with different masses out of phase. S3. Counterweight loading: After quantitatively clamping multiple crane counterweight blocks (28), power on and start two lifting motors (39). The output ends of the two lifting motors (39) drive two second lead screws (38) to rotate. The two second lead screws (38) push two second sliders (40) to slide up and down in two lifting grooves (36) through sliding cooperation with the two second sliders (40), thereby lifting multiple crane counterweight blocks (28). Two laser locators (43) detect the lifting height of multiple crane counterweight blocks (28) in real time by emitting infrared laser downward. When multiple crane counterweight blocks (28) are lifted to the required height, power on and start the moving motor (35). The output end of the moving motor (35) drives the pushing lead screw (45) to rotate. The pushing lead screw (45) pushes the moving frame (33) to displace between the inner walls of the loading and unloading frame (26) through sliding cooperation with the pushing slider (44), thereby realizing the horizontal displacement of multiple crane counterweight blocks (28). Move multiple crane counterweight blocks (28) to the upper side of the load-bearing block (11). The output ends of the two lifting motors (39) drive the two second lead screws (38) to reverse. The two second lead screws (38) drive two electric push rods (42) to move downward through sliding cooperation with the two second sliders (40), so that multiple jacks (25) are stacked between the inner walls of the loading and unloading frame (26). Then, the output ends of the two electric push rods (42) contract to pull out two plug blocks (41) from two displacement jacks (46), releasing the clamping of multiple crane counterweight blocks (28). The output of the moving motor (35) drives the pushing lead screw (45) to reverse. The pushing lead screw (45) drives the moving frame (33) to reset through sliding cooperation with the pushing slider (44), realizing the counterweight loading of multiple crane counterweight blocks (28); S4. Plug-in fixation: After the displacement and clamping of multiple crane counterweight blocks (28), the output end of the pushing motor (14) reverses. The output end of the pushing motor (14) drives the first lead screw (15) to reverse. The first lead screw (15) makes the load-bearing block (11) reset through sliding cooperation with the first slider (13), thereby resetting the load-bearing block (11) between the inner walls of the telescopic groove (10). At the same time, when the load-bearing block (11) resets, the load-bearing block (11) pushes two telescopic rods (19) into two spring grooves (18). The two telescopic rods (19) squeeze two springs (20) to deform and contract. The two springs (20) absorb the impact generated by the movement of the load-bearing block (11) through deformation, avoiding the offset of multiple crane counterweight blocks (28). After multiple crane counterweight blocks (28) are located under the fixed frame (23), multiple jacks (25) correspond to two stepped grooves (27) up and down. Power on and start two insertion rods (24). The output ends of the two insertion rods (24) extend. The output ends of the two insertion rods (24) sequentially penetrate multiple jacks (25), so that multiple crane counterweight blocks (28) are fixed on the upper side of the load-bearing block (11), realizing the plug-in fixation of multiple crane counterweight blocks (28); S5. Counterweight unloading: When it is necessary to unload multiple crane counterweight blocks (28) between the insertion rods (24) and the load-bearing block (11), the output ends of the two insertion rods (24) contract to release the plug-in fixation of the multiple crane counterweight blocks (28). The output end of the driving motor (14) drives the first lead screw (15) to rotate. The first lead screw (15) slides with the first slider (13) to push the load-bearing block (11) and the multiple crane counterweight blocks (28) into the space between the inner walls of the loading and unloading frame (26) and the stepped groove (27). The mobile motor (35) and the two lifting motors (39) are powered on and started. The two insertion blocks (41) are moved to both sides of the lowermost crane counterweight block (28). The two electric push rods (42) insert the two insertion blocks (41) into the two displacement jacks (46). The two lifting motors (39) lift the multiple crane counterweight blocks (28) by sliding with the two second sliders (40). Then, the pushing slider (44) displaces the multiple crane counterweight blocks (28) by sliding with the pushing lead screw (45), so that the multiple crane counterweight blocks (28) are stacked again between the inner walls of the loading and unloading frame (26), realizing the counterweight unloading of the multiple crane counterweight blocks (28). S6. Accurate stacking: During the counterweight unloading and counterweight loading processes, multiple slots (29) are inserted up and down with multiple inserts (30) to achieve accurate stacking between multiple crane counterweight blocks (28).

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