Glass rod forming device and glass rod preparation method
Through the multi-stage nesting modular glass rod forming device, the problems of poor molding accuracy and low adaptability in the prior art are solved, and high-precision and diversified glass rod forming are achieved, which is suitable for laboratory and industrial production.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510768679.7
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-06-10
- Publication Date
- 2025-07-11
AI Technical Summary
The existing glass rod forming devices have complex operation, poor molding accuracy, poor dimensional consistency, low adaptability, high maintenance costs, and are inconvenient to replace molding modules, which is difficult to meet the various specifications of laboratories and industrial production.
The modular glass rod forming device with multi-stage nesting, including a small bucket table and a molded cone, is assembled by self-weight nesting of conical surfaces, combined with a detachable molded cone to achieve glass rod forming in multiple cross-sectional shapes, which is suitable for laboratory small batch and industrial continuous production.
It realizes high-precision and diversified molding of glass rods, adapts to different specifications, improves the flexibility and stability of the device, reduces maintenance costs, and is suitable for the molding and processing of a variety of high-temperature glass melts.
Smart Images
Figure CN120289066A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to the field of glass product processing, and particularly to a glass rod forming device and a preparation method suitable for continuous forming of glass rods with different cross-sections. Background Art
[0002] Glass is an important amorphous inorganic non-metallic material and has important applications in many fields. As an important intermediate material in the fields of optics, electronics, and technology, etc., the forming process of glass rods has high requirements for product size uniformity, cross-sectional shape, and surface finish. Existing glass rod preparation processes mostly adopt injection molding, drawing, or manual drop molding. These methods either have difficulty in flexibly controlling the cross-sectional shape of glass rods, or have problems such as unstable glass flow, sticking to the mold, or difficult demolding during the continuous forming process, and have problems such as complex operation, poor forming accuracy, poor dimensional consistency, low adaptability, and high maintenance costs.
[0003] In addition, existing devices are mostly of integrated design. When multiple forming modules need to be equipped, not only the device cost is high, but also it is not convenient to replace, which limits their flexible application in the production of various specifications of products. Especially in laboratory and pilot test scenarios, problems such as the non-universality of the existing equipment structure, unstable diversion paths, and non-replaceable forming die holes make it difficult to improve the forming consistency and good product rate of glass rods, and it is difficult to meet the needs of small-batch precision products and continuous industrial forming at the same time. Therefore, there is an urgent need to provide a device with reasonable structure, convenient operation, good stability, and adaptable to the forming of glass rods of various specifications to meet the glass rod production requirements in different application scenarios. Summary of the Invention
[0004] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a glass rod forming device with a compact structure, modular replaceability, and good high-temperature adaptability, which can meet the stable forming and process control of glass rods with various cross-sections and the requirements of different application scenarios.
[0005] To achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
[0006] A glass rod forming device, characterized in that: it includes a small hopper table and a forming conduit, wherein:
[0007] The small hopper table has a tapered cavity structure with a wider upper part and a narrower lower part, including an inner inclined surface, an outer side surface, an inner bottom surface, and an outer bottom surface, and a through tapered through hole is provided at its bottom;
[0008] The forming conduit includes a conical drainage section and a columnar forming section arranged in sequence from top to bottom; the forming section can pass through the through hole of the small hopper platform, and the drainage section is embedded and hung at the bottom of the small hopper platform; the forming conduit and the small hopper platform are assembled in a nested manner according to the self-weight of the conical surface, and its top surface is not higher than the inner bottom surface of the small hopper platform, which can effectively avoid jamming after the high-temperature glass melt cools, and is beneficial to subsequent maintenance; the outer wall of the drainage section is a conical surface structure, and its inner cavity is also a conical structure; the forming section is a through hole with a constant cross-section, and the cross-sectional shape and size of its inner hole correspond to the cross-sectional shape and size of the target glass rod, realizing the shape consistency of structural control.
[0009] In a preferred embodiment, the device further includes a large hopper platform with a conical cavity structure; the large hopper platform has a conical structure with a wider top and a narrower bottom, including a top surface, an inner wall, an outer side surface and a bottom surface, and a through hole is provided at its bottom; this through hole is coaxially arranged with the through hole at the bottom of the small hopper platform; the small hopper platform is embedded in the inner cavity of the large hopper platform, and the two are assembled by a nested manner according to the self-weight of the conical surface, and the structural cooperation is tight.
[0010] Further preferably, the device also includes a fixed bracket, which includes a base, a plurality of support rods and an upper bracket; among them, the size of the base is larger than that of the upper bracket, which is used to improve the overall structural stability of the bracket, support the large hopper platform, the small hopper platform and the forming conduit assembly, and effectively prevent tipping or shaking during use.
[0011] Furthermore, the cross-section of the inner hole of the forming section of the forming conduit is circular, elliptical or polygonal to realize the forming of glass rods with different cross-sections. Among them, "polygonal" not only includes common regular or irregular figures, such as triangles, squares, rectangles, trapezoids, parallelograms, regular pentagons, regular hexagons, regular octagons, etc., but also includes cross-sectional shapes for special purposes, such as concave-shaped, convex-shaped, T-shaped, L-shaped, Y-shaped, cross-shaped, I-shaped, and other polygonal structures with multiple boundary line segments and closed to form a closed area, such as pentagram, hexagram, etc., to adapt to the cross-section design of glass rods under different functional requirements, facilitate the realization of personalized customized cross-sections, optical special-shaped rods and other application scenarios, so as to meet the diverse application requirements in optics, mechanics or technology.
[0012] Preferably, the small hopper platform and the forming conduit are made of high-temperature-resistant metal, graphite or ceramic materials, and are assembled by a nested manner according to the self-weight of the conical surface, and their axes are coaxial to ensure the cooperation stability under high-temperature conditions.
[0013] Further, the large hopper table, the small hopper table, and the forming conduit are all made of high-temperature resistant metal, graphite, or ceramic materials. The high-temperature resistant metal includes, but is not limited to, tungsten and nickel-based alloys. The ceramic materials include, but are not limited to, corundum and silicon nitride. They have high-temperature heat resistance. The three are coaxially aligned through conical surface fitting, having good positioning effects, and can adapt to the thermal expansion and contraction characteristics of materials, with good anti-thermal deformation capabilities, achieving stable assembly and convenient disassembly.
[0014] Further preferably, the glass rod forming device can be placed in a temperature control device, such as a constant temperature chamber, an external thermal field, or an integrated thermal control area of a furnace. When used in conjunction with a glass melting furnace having an automatic glass melt discharge port, continuous forming of glass rods can be achieved, which is suitable for industrial batch production.
[0015] Preferably, the forming conduit is an insertion structure, inserted vertically into the small hopper table and positioned through conical surface fitting, and is detachable, facilitating the replacement of conduit components with different sizes or cross-sectional shapes to adapt to the forming of glass rods of different specifications.
[0016] In addition, according to different usage requirements and application scenarios, the hopper table structure of the present device has good scalability and flexibility. In addition to the combined structure of the large hopper table and the small hopper table, the small hopper table can be omitted in some cases, and only the large hopper table is set and directly docked with the forming conduit, thereby simplifying the assembly structure, increasing the device capacity, and meeting the continuous production requirements of industrial glass rods.
[0017] Based on the glass rod forming device of the present invention, a method for preparing glass rods using this device is also provided to achieve the goals of stable diversion of glass melt, control of forming cross-section and dimensional consistency. The method includes the following steps:
[0018] First, introduce the molten glass into the small hopper table, and let it flow into the upper part of the forming conduit under the action of gravity, guiding the glass melt to smoothly enter the conical drainage section. Subsequently, the melt is pre-guided in the conical drainage section and further flows into the forming section. The forming section is a through-hole structure with a predetermined inner hole cross-section, and the glass melt forms a glass rod cross-section consistent with the shape and size of the inner hole of the conduit in this section.
[0019] After the glass rod is formed, continue to cool it to make the glass temperature drop below the softening point to ensure the stability of its cross-sectional dimensions and the integrity of its surface. Finally, segment or continuously draw out the glass rod by cutting or traction methods to obtain glass rod products of the required length and shape.
[0020] This preparation method relies on the multi-stage conical surface guiding structure of the forming device and the replaceable conduit components, having the advantages of simple operation, high forming accuracy, and strong adaptability, and is suitable for the laboratory preparation or industrial continuous production requirements of glass rods with different cross-sections and different sizes.
[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
[0022] 1. The design of a multi-level nested modular structure is applicable to small-batch preparation in laboratories and industrial continuous production scenarios.
[0023] 2. The cross-section of the forming section of the formed conduit supports various structures, including circular, elliptical, polygonal, and special-shaped cross-sections, meeting the customized requirements of optics, process, or structure.
[0024] 3. The formed conduit adopts a detachable design, facilitating the replacement of conduit components with different sizes or cross-section shapes according to process requirements, expanding the application scope of the device.
[0025] 4. The overall structure of the device is simple. The self-weight nested structure of the conical surface can achieve rapid positioning and stable cooperation, not only facilitating assembly but also having good adaptability to high-temperature thermal expansion.
[0026] 5. The device can be flexibly configured in a constant-temperature chamber, an external thermal field, or an integrated thermal control area of a furnace, with good thermal engineering compatibility, suitable for continuous forming operations of glass rods in multiple scenarios. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0027] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the forming device described in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;
[0028] Figure 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the small hopper platform in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;
[0029] Figure 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the formed conduit in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;
[0030] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the device in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;
[0031] Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of the structure of the large hopper platform used in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;
[0032] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fixed bracket in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;
[0033] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the combined use of the forming device described in Embodiment 2 of the present invention and a glass furnace;
[0034] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the forming device in Embodiment 3 of the present invention;
[0035] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the structure after adding a large hopper platform in Embodiment 4 of the present invention;
[0036] Figure 10 It is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the forming ducts with different cross-sectional forms in Embodiments 1, 3, and 5 to 18 of the present invention, showing the ability of the forming ducts to adapt to the forming of glass rods with different cross-sections.
[0037] In the figure: 1 - large hopper platform, 101 - top surface, 102 - inner wall, 103 - outer side surface, 104 - bottom surface, 105 - through hole; 2 - small hopper platform, 201 - inner inclined surface, 202 - outer side surface, 203 - inner bottom surface, 204 - outer bottom surface, 205 - tapered through hole; 3 - forming duct, 301 - forming hole, 302 - outer side surface, 303 - inner wall, 304 - top surface; 4 - fixing bracket, 401 - base, 402 - support rod, 403 - upper bracket. Detailed implementation manners
[0038] The following further describes the detailed implementation manners of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the following implementation manners are only used to illustrate the technical concept of the present invention, rather than to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Without departing from the principle of the present invention, those skilled in the art can adjust the structural form and details or make equivalent replacements, which should all be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.
[0039] Embodiment 1
[0040] This embodiment provides a glass rod forming device for laboratories applicable to the forming of glass rods with multiple cross-sections, and its structure is as Figures 1 to 3 shown, including a small hopper platform 2 and a forming duct 3. This device is used to achieve the stable diversion of the glass melt and the continuous forming of glass rods with controllable cross-sectional dimensions.
[0041] The small hopper platform 2 is an overall tapered structure with a wider top and a narrower bottom, and its internal is a cavity structure for receiving and initially guiding the high-temperature glass melt. A tapered through hole 205 is provided at the bottom of the small hopper platform, and the inclination angle of the through hole is set to 60°, which is matched with the outer wall conical surface of the drainage section of the forming duct 3. This structure can achieve stable nested assembly by its own weight, without the need for threads or mechanical fasteners, which is beneficial for the device to automatically release the thermal expansion stress at high temperatures, avoid jamming, and facilitate disassembly and cleaning.
[0042] The forming duct 3 includes a tapered drainage section and a columnar forming section connected in sequence from top to bottom. The outer wall of the tapered drainage section is a 60° conical surface structure, which is inserted into the tapered through hole at the bottom of the small hopper platform, and the stable connection is achieved by the cooperation of the self-weight of the conical surface; its internal is a tapered cavity, which is beneficial for the natural drainage and transition of the glass melt under the action of gravity. The forming section is a through hole structure with an equal cross-section, the inner diameter of the through hole is 20 mm, the length is 100 mm, and the cross-section is a perfect circle. This forming section is a detachable and insertable design, which is convenient for replacing different-shaped ducts to adapt to the preparation of glass rods with different specifications or cross-sections.
[0043] All the main components of this device (the small hopper table and the forming conduit) are made of tungsten metal, which has excellent high-temperature resistance and glass corrosion resistance, and is suitable for the forming and processing of various high-temperature glass melts, including silicate glass, phosphate glass, borosilicate glass, fluoride glass, etc. The device can be directly placed in a resistance furnace or a constant temperature chamber for operation.
[0044] Using the above device, the following glass rod forming method can be implemented:
[0045] 1) Pour the glass melt that has been melted in a furnace and fully clarified and homogenized into the small hopper table 2;
[0046] 2) Under the action of gravity, the glass melt flows downward along the inner cavity of the small hopper table and is introduced into the forming section through the conical drainage section of the forming conduit 3;
[0047] 3) The glass melt is restricted by the shape and size of the through-hole cross-section in the forming section, flows downward and gradually cools and solidifies to form a glass rod with consistent external dimensions and a smooth surface;
[0048] 4) The glass rod is stably output under traction or mechanical support at a temperature below the softening point, and then can be cut by laser or mechanically according to the required length to obtain a glass rod of the target specification.
[0049] The device in this embodiment has a compact structure and is easy to install. It can realize the rapid replacement and diversified control of the cross-section of the glass rod, and is suitable for the research and development application of small-batch sample preparation in the laboratory or personalized cross-section glass rods.
[0050] Embodiment 2
[0051] This embodiment provides a structure of a glass rod forming device suitable for pilot-scale or continuous production. As Figures 4 to 6 shown, on the basis of Embodiment 1, it further includes a large hopper table 1 and a fixed bracket 4, forming a structural system with multi-level nesting and modular support to meet the requirements of stable diversion of a large volume of glass melt and forming of multi-specification glass rods.
[0052] The large hopper table 1 is a conical structure that is wider at the top and narrower at the bottom. Its internal is a conical cavity for accommodating and introducing a large volume of high-temperature glass melt. There is a central through-hole 105 at its bottom, and this through-hole is coaxially arranged with the conical through-hole 205 of the small hopper table 2 to realize the axial continuous guidance of the glass melt.
[0053] In Embodiment 2, the shapes of the small hopper table 2 and the forming conduit 3 are the same as those in Embodiment 1. The outer side of the small hopper table 2 is a conical surface with an inclination angle of 60°. It is assembled with the inner wall of the large hopper table 1 (with an inclination angle of 60°) by the self-weight nesting method of the conical surface, and has good high-temperature adaptability and rapid assembly performance. The nested fit not only helps the components to maintain close fit under thermal expansion and contraction conditions, but also is beneficial to avoiding problems such as glass melt leakage and component jamming.
[0054] The fixed support 4 includes a base 401, three support rods 402 and an upper support 403, and is used to stably support the large hopper table 1, the small hopper table 2 and the forming conduit 3. The size of the base 401 is larger than that of the upper support 403, effectively improving the overall center of gravity stability of the device, preventing tipping, vibration or axis deviation during operation or running, and ensuring the dimensional consistency of the glass rod and the safe operation of the device.
[0055] The above components are made of tungsten metal material, with excellent high-temperature strength, glass corrosion resistance and thermal expansion matching performance, and are suitable for the forming and processing of various high-temperature glass melts, including silicate glass, phosphate glass, borosilicate glass, fluoride glass, etc.
[0056] The device can be operated in linkage with an electric heating furnace equipped with an automatic discharge port for glass melt, as Figure 7 shown. During use, the glass melt is automatically injected into the large hopper table 1 through the discharge port of the furnace, and sequentially flows through the small hopper table 2 and the forming conduit 3 under the drive of gravity. After the glass melt converges in the conical drainage section of the forming conduit, it enters the circular through-hole forming section, and is gradually cooled below the softening point to form a glass rod structure with a regular cross-section and a straight longitudinal direction.
[0057] The cooled glass rod can be continuously discharged through a downward traction device, and then cut into a specified length as needed. This device is suitable for pilot-scale batch production or flexible preparation of multi-specification glass components, effectively taking into account production capacity, flexibility and forming stability.
[0058] Example 3
[0059] Compared with Example 1, the difference in this example is that: the conical inclination angle of the small hopper table 2 of the glass rod forming device is larger (75°), and the wall thickness is uniform ( Figure 8 ), and the forming section of the forming conduit has a through-hole structure with a regular hexagon cross-section (side length 10 mm), which belongs to a closed cross-section structure and is used to form a glass rod with a corresponding cross-section shape. The main material of the forming device is graphite.
[0060] The conical inclination angle of the small hopper table 2 of the glass rod forming device is increased to 75°, and the wall thickness distribution is more uniform ( Figure 8 ), and the forming section of the forming conduit adopts a through-hole structure with a regular hexagon cross-section (side length of 10 mm). This structure is a closed cross-section structure, which can realize the forming of a glass rod with a regular hexagon cross-section. The main components of the device are made of graphite material, with excellent heat resistance and chemical corrosion resistance, and are suitable for the forming and processing of various high-temperature glass melts, including but not limited to silicate glass and other systems.
[0061] Example 4
[0062] Compared with Example 3, the difference of this embodiment is that: a large bucket platform is further provided, which is a tapered structure with a wide top and a narrow bottom ( Figure 9 ), the bottom through hole is coaxially arranged with the through hole at the bottom of the small bucket platform; the outer wall of the small bucket platform and the inner wall of the large bucket platform form an interference fit connection, which enhances the structural stability and is beneficial to improving the overall loading capacity and the industrial adaptability of large-scale glass rod forming.
[0063] Embodiments 5 to 18: Modification examples of molded conduit through-holes
[0064] In this embodiment group (embodiments 5 to 18), on the basis of embodiment 4, the shapes of the through holes of the forming section of the forming conduit are Y-shaped, I-shaped, L-shaped, five-pointed star, cross, six-pointed star, triangle, ellipse, parallelogram, trapezoid, square, convex shape, concave shape, and a combination of concave and convex shapes ( Figure 10 ), used to form glass rods of corresponding cross-sectional shapes. Among them, Y-shaped, I-shaped, L-shaped, and cross-shaped refer to closed cross-sectional structures with corresponding character outline shapes.
Claims
1. A glass rod forming device, characterized in that: It includes a small hopper table (2) and a forming conduit (3), where: The small hopper table (2) has a tapered cavity structure with a wider upper part and a narrower lower part, including an inner inclined surface (201), an outer side surface (202), an inner bottom surface (203), and an outer bottom surface (204). A through tapered through-hole (205) is provided at its bottom; The forming conduit (3) includes a tapered drainage section and a columnar forming section arranged in sequence from top to bottom, including a forming hole (301), an outer side surface (302), an inner wall (303), and a top surface (304); The drainage section is hung on the bottom of the small hopper table (2) and contains a tapered cavity. The forming section has a through-hole structure and is inserted into the through-hole of the small hopper table; The forming conduit is inserted into the tapered through-hole (205) at the bottom of the small hopper table through its outer side surface (302) to form a nested fitting structure, and its top surface (304) is not higher than the inner bottom surface (203) of the small hopper table.
2. The glass rod forming device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The device further includes a large hopper table (1) with a tapered cavity structure; The large hopper table (1) is tapered with a wider upper part and a narrower lower part, including a top surface (101), an inner wall (102), an outer side surface (103), and a bottom surface (104). There is a through-hole (105) at the bottom; Its through-hole is coaxially arranged with the through-hole at the bottom of the small hopper table; The small hopper table (2) can be embedded in the inner cavity of the large hopper table (1), and the inner wall and the outer wall of the small hopper table form a self-weight nested tapered surface.
3. The glass rod forming device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The device further includes a fixing bracket (4); The fixing bracket includes a base (401), a plurality of support rods (402), and an upper bracket (403); The size of the base is larger than that of the upper bracket to improve the stability of the fixing bracket, and it is used to support the large hopper table, the small hopper table, and the forming conduit assembly.
4. The glass rod forming device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The forming section of the forming conduit (3) has a through-hole structure, and the cross-section of its inner hole is circular, elliptical, polygonal, or other complex cross-sectional shapes with a closed boundary to adapt to the forming of glass rods with different specifications and functional requirements; The polygon includes but is not limited to a triangle, a rectangle, a trapezoid, a parallelogram, a regular polygon; The complex cross-sectional shapes with a closed boundary include but are not limited to a concave shape, a convex shape, a T shape, an L shape, a cross shape, an I shape, a star shape.
5. The glass rod forming device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The small hopper table (2), the forming conduit (3), and / or the large hopper table (1) are made of high-temperature resistant metal, graphite, or ceramic materials, assembled by self-weight nested tapered surfaces, and their axes are coaxially arranged.
6. The glass rod forming device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The forming device can be placed in a temperature control device; When it is used in conjunction with a glass melting furnace with an automatic discharge port, continuous forming of glass rods can be achieved.
7. The glass rod forming device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The forming conduit (3) is an insertion structure and is detachable, facilitating the replacement of conduit assemblies with different sizes or cross-sectional shapes to adapt to the forming of glass rods with different specifications.
8. A method for preparing a glass rod by using the glass rod forming device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The method includes the following steps: 1) Introduce molten glass into the small hopper table (2) and let it flow into the forming conduit (3) under the action of gravity; 2) After the glass melt passes through the tapered drainage section of the forming conduit (3), it enters the forming section and flows out through the through-hole of the forming section to form a glass rod with a cross-sectional shape corresponding to the inner hole of the conduit; 3) Cool the formed glass rod to a temperature lower than the glass softening point to maintain its dimensional stability and structural integrity; 4) After the glass rod is cooled and formed, control its length or achieve continuous discharging by cutting or traction methods to obtain glass rod products of the required specifications.