Treatment system and method suitable for garbage pyrolysis gasification

Abstract

The invention discloses a treatment system and method suitable for garbage pyrolysis gasification, the system comprises a pyrolysis gasification furnace which sequentially comprises a drying cavity and a pyrolysis gasification cavity from top to bottom, the pyrolysis gasification furnace is connected through a second chute, a plurality of sections of first fire grates arranged in a step shape are arranged in the drying cavity from top to bottom, and a plurality of sections of second fire grates are arranged in the pyrolysis gasification cavity from top to bottom; a plurality of sections of second fire grates which are arranged in a step shape are arranged in the pyrolysis gasification cavity from top to bottom, and a plurality of air holes are formed in the surface of each section of the first fire grate and the surface of each section of the second fire grate. In the treatment system, the to-be-treated garbage sequentially passes through the drying cavity and the pyrolysis gasification cavity, so that drying treatment and pyrolysis gasification treatment on the garbage can be efficiently completed under the condition of lower energy consumption; the device has the advantages of high working efficiency, good heat and mass transfer effect, high pyrolysis and gasification efficiency, controllable reaction conditions in each stage, low operation and maintenance cost, high heat utilization rate and the like, can be widely used for treating household garbage, can realize reduction, harmlessness and resourceful treatment of garbage, and is high in use value and good in application prospect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of harmless, reduction, and resource treatment of solid waste, and relates to a treatment system and method suitable for waste pyrolysis gasification. Background Art

[0002] With the development of economy and society, the waste generated in people's production activities is also increasing. At the same time, the existence of these domestic wastes will also pose potential pollution risks to the environment such as soil, air, and water sources, thus generating great environmental pressure. Therefore, it is imperative to realize the "harmless, reduction, and resource" treatment of domestic waste.

[0003] Currently, the traditional methods for treating domestic waste mainly include landfill, biological treatment, and incineration. These methods all have relatively obvious disadvantages. Among them, landfill has a large occupied area and difficult site selection, and the potential hazards of pollution such as leachate and landfill gas are relatively large; the main object of biological treatment is perishable waste, and it cannot treat difficult-to-degrade substances such as plastics and fabrics, and the treatment cycle is long; incineration requires a sufficient treatment scale, high investment cost, large occupied area, unstable combustion, and low burnout rate.

[0004] Compared with traditional waste incineration methods, waste pyrolysis gasification, as one of the new technologies for waste treatment, can effectively reduce the generation of pollutants such as dioxins, and at the same time produce less flue gas dust, having better application prospects. However, there are still the following defects in the devices for waste pyrolysis gasification: (1) The heat transfer and mass transfer in the waste pyrolysis gasification stage are "uneven", the pyrolysis gasification is incomplete, and the efficiency is low; (2) It is difficult to control the temperature of the pyrolysis / gasification section in small waste pyrolysis gasification furnaces, and staged treatment cannot be achieved; (3) Most large-scale pyrolysis gasification furnaces adopt mechanical reciprocating grates, and the moving parts are prone to failures such as wear and deformation, resulting in insensitive movement, affecting the working efficiency, and having high maintenance costs; (4) It is difficult to achieve precise regulation of oxygen demand in different stages; (5) The thermal utilization rate is low; (6) It has a large floor area and high usage costs. For example, in the small regenerative domestic waste pyrolysis gasification furnace adopted, a cylindrical rotating device is arranged in the center of the pyrolysis gasification furnace, and hollow stirring paddle blades are arranged to extend from both sides to the outer shell to promote the position exchange of catalyst particles in the packing layer. It can be seen that the hollow stirring paddle blades are prone to wear and deformation, with relatively high risks; in the multi-layer reciprocating gasification combustion furnace and the double-layer mechanical grate waste gasification incineration furnace adopted, the forward movement of the waste is driven by mechanical devices, and the maintenance costs of the mechanical components are high; the pyrolysis gasification incineration equipment for vertical rotating domestic waste refers to the grate structure of a coal gasification furnace. Due to the variable size and complex composition of the waste, it is easy to cause uneven distribution of the feeding and gasifying agent, and at the same time, a ramming rod device is set to turn over the waste. However, this ramming rod device is arranged below the combustion reaction layer and is connected through the combustion reaction layer, and its turning effect on the waste in the pyrolysis gasification layer is limited, easily causing waste accumulation, and the ramming rod group is located in a high-temperature area, with high requirements for materials; in the thermally controlled domestic waste pyrolysis gasification incineration furnace adopted, the front arch and the rear arch form a flue gas outlet, and the flue gas in the furnace chamber directly discharges from the smoke outlet, taking away a large amount of heat, resulting in a low temperature in the furnace chamber, making it difficult for the waste to be dried, pyrolyzed and gasified, and the flue gas flow direction design is unreasonable, unable to reasonably control the temperature of the pyrolysis gasification section; in the three-stage solid waste municipal domestic waste gasification furnace adopted, the syngas discharges from the top of the residual carbon gasification furnace, and the heat contained in it is not fully utilized by the waste in the drying and pyrolysis section, and a plasma torch is used to melt the residue, with high power consumption and low overall thermal utilization rate. Therefore, overcoming the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art and obtaining a treatment system suitable for waste pyrolysis gasification with high working efficiency, good heat transfer and mass transfer effects, high pyrolysis gasification efficiency, controllable reaction conditions in each stage, low operation and maintenance costs, and high thermal utilization rate has an important promoting effect on realizing the "harmless, reduction and resource utilization" treatment of domestic waste. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a treatment system and method for waste pyrolysis gasification, which has high working efficiency, good heat and mass transfer effects, high pyrolysis gasification efficiency, controllable reaction conditions in each stage, low operation and maintenance costs, and high heat utilization rate.

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A treatment system suitable for waste pyrolysis gasification includes a pyrolysis gasification furnace, and the pyrolysis gasification furnace is successively provided with a drying cavity and a pyrolysis gasification cavity from top to bottom; the drying cavity and the pyrolysis gasification cavity are connected by a second chute;

[0008] In the drying cavity, several sections of first grates arranged in a stepped manner are provided from top to bottom. Each section of the first grate surface is provided with several air holes. The air holes on the vertical plane of each section of the first grate are communicated with the first compressed air pipeline, and the air holes on the horizontal plane of each section of the first grate are communicated with a dust hopper. The dust hopper is located inside the first grate and below the air holes; a pyrolysis gasification gas inlet is provided on the side of the dust hopper; an exhaust port is provided above the drying cavity;

[0009] In the pyrolysis gasification cavity, several sections of second grates arranged in a stepped manner are provided from top to bottom. Each section of the second grate surface is provided with several air holes. The air holes on the vertical plane of each section of the second grate are communicated with the second compressed air pipeline, and the air holes on the horizontal plane of each section of the second grate are communicated with a slag hopper. The slag hopper is located inside the second grate and below the air holes; a flue gas inlet is provided on the side of the slag hopper; a pyrolysis gasification gas outlet is provided above the pyrolysis gasification cavity, and the pyrolysis gasification gas outlet is communicated with the pyrolysis gasification gas inlet through a pipeline.

[0010] As a further improvement of the above technical solution: a cyclone separator is provided on the pipeline between the pyrolysis gasification gas inlet and the pyrolysis gasification gas outlet, and the cyclone separator is located outside the pyrolysis gasification furnace; the pyrolysis gasification gas inlet is connected to the air outlet end of the cyclone separator, and the pyrolysis gasification gas outlet is connected to the air inlet end of the cyclone separator.

[0011] As a further improvement of the above technical solution: an acid removal device is provided on the pipeline between the pyrolysis gasification gas inlet and the pyrolysis gasification gas outlet; the acid removal device is located between the pyrolysis gasification gas outlet and the cyclone separator.

[0012] As a further improvement of the above technical solution: a dust outlet is provided below the dust hopper, and the dust outlet is connected to a first conveyor through a pipeline.

[0013] As a further improvement of the above technical solution: A third chute is further provided in the pyrolysis gasification cavity, and the third chute is located below the second grate at the bottom of the pyrolysis gasification cavity; A second conveyor is connected below the third chute.

[0014] As a further improvement of the above technical solution: The discharge ends of the first conveyor and the cyclone separator are connected to the feed end of the second conveyor.

[0015] As a further improvement of the above technical solution: A slag leakage port is provided below the slag leakage hopper, and the slag leakage port is connected to a third conveyor through a pipeline.

[0016] As a further improvement of the above technical solution: The discharge end of the second conveyor is connected to an incinerator, and the incinerator is located below the pyrolysis gasification cavity; A slag discharge port is provided below the incinerator; A slag discharger is provided below the slag discharge port.

[0017] As a further improvement of the above technical solution: The discharge end of the third conveyor is connected to the feed end of the slag discharger.

[0018] As a further improvement of the above technical solution: A flue gas outlet is provided above the incinerator, and the flue gas outlet is connected to the flue gas inlet through a pipeline; A heat exchanger is further provided on the pipeline between the flue gas outlet and the flue gas inlet; The discharge end of the heat exchanger is connected to the feed end of the slag discharger.

[0019] As a further improvement of the above technical solution: A discharge valve is provided above the incinerator, and the discharge valve is located between the discharge end of the second conveyor and the feed end of the incinerator.

[0020] As a further improvement of the above technical solution: A third grate is further provided in the incinerator, the third grate is a conical rotating grate, and is provided below the incinerator; An air inlet is further provided below the third grate, and a first air supply pipe is connected to the air inlet.

[0021] As a further improvement of the above technical solution: An auxiliary burner and an ignition burner are further provided on the inner wall of the incinerator, and the auxiliary burner and the ignition burner are located on the side of the third grate.

[0022] As a further improvement of the above technical solution: The arrangement direction of the first grate in the drying cavity is opposite to the arrangement direction of the second grate in the pyrolysis gasification cavity, and the first grate at the bottom of the drying cavity is butted against the second grate at the top of the pyrolysis gasification cavity, so that the material in the drying cavity falls from the first grate onto the second grate through the second chute.

[0023] As a further improvement of the above technical solution: the first grate at the bottom of the drying cavity is connected to the second grate at the top of the pyrolysis gasification cavity through the second chute; a double-layer openable cover plate is arranged in the second chute, and a bridge-breaking device for breaking the bridge of the materials in the second chute is arranged between the two cover plates.

[0024] As a further improvement of the above technical solution: a second pusher capable of moving horizontally back and forth is further arranged below the second chute for pushing the materials in the second chute into the pyrolysis gasification cavity.

[0025] As a further improvement of the above technical solution: a first air compressor is connected to the first compressed air pipeline; a second air compressor is connected to the second compressed air pipeline.

[0026] As a further improvement of the above technical solution: a second air supply pipe is further connected to the flue gas inlet.

[0027] As a further improvement of the above technical solution: a first chute is arranged above the drying cavity, and a feed hopper is connected to the feed end of the first chute; a double-layer openable cover plate is arranged in the first chute, and a bridge-breaking device for breaking the bridge of the materials in the first chute is arranged between the two cover plates.

[0028] As a further improvement of the above technical solution: a first pusher capable of moving horizontally back and forth is further arranged below the first chute for pushing the materials in the first chute into the drying cavity.

[0029] As a general technical concept, the present invention also provides a treatment method applicable to garbage pyrolysis gasification, using the above treatment system to treat domestic garbage.

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows:

[0031] (1) The present invention is applicable to a treatment system for waste pyrolysis gasification. After the waste to be treated enters the pyrolysis gasification furnace, it sequentially passes through a drying cavity and a pyrolysis gasification cavity. In the drying cavity, the waste is first dried, which can effectively reduce the moisture content in the waste to be treated. This is beneficial to improving the efficiency and effect of subsequent pyrolysis gasification. Then, the dried waste enters the pyrolysis cavity through a second chute. In the pyrolysis gasification cavity, the dried waste is subjected to pyrolysis gasification treatment, which can achieve effective gasification of the waste. On the one hand, by treating the waste through the drying cavity and the pyrolysis gasification cavity, it is convenient to control and adjust the conditions of each reaction stage, promoting the improvement of the waste treatment efficiency. On the other hand, the pyrolysis gasification gas formed in the pyrolysis gasification cavity can be used to dry the waste in the drying cavity, which is beneficial to significantly improving the heat utilization rate and facilitating the reduction of the waste treatment cost. More importantly, the first grate in the drying cavity and the second grate in the pyrolysis gasification cavity are arranged in a stepped manner from top to bottom, and a number of air holes are provided on the surfaces of the first grate and the second grate. Then, pressure gas is input through these air holes in the horizontal and vertical directions, and under the action of the gas in different directions, the waste can be disturbed in the vertical direction and flipped forward in the horizontal direction. At the same time, while promoting the downward transfer of the waste, the heat transfer and mass transfer effects can also be strengthened. This can not only improve the waste treatment efficiency but also effectively reduce the equipment maintenance cost and effectively increase the service life of the equipment, and can avoid the problems of wear and deformation that occur during the movement of traditional mechanical grates. In addition, the drying cavity and the pyrolysis gasification cavity are in an up-and-down structure. On the one hand, it is convenient for the waste to transfer downward in the pyrolysis gasification furnace and for the hot gas to transfer upward in the pyrolysis gasification furnace, which is beneficial to improving the working efficiency of the pyrolysis gasification furnace. On the other hand, it can also reduce the floor area of the equipment, which is beneficial to reducing the construction cost. In addition, the drying cavity and the pyrolysis gasification cavity are connected by a second chute. During operation, the waste will be stored in the second chute. On the one hand, it can effectively regulate the amount of waste entering the pyrolysis gasification cavity, facilitating the realization of efficient waste treatment. On the other hand, the double-layer openable cover plate provided in the second chute can prevent the pyrolysis gasification gas from entering the upper part of the drying cavity through the second chute during operation, promoting the rapid transfer of the heat in the pyrolysis gasification cavity to the bottom of the waste in the drying cavity, facilitating the improvement of the heat utilization rate and also being beneficial to improving the heat transfer and mass transfer effects. The present invention is applicable to a treatment system for waste pyrolysis gasification, and has the advantages of high working efficiency, good heat transfer and mass transfer effects, high pyrolysis gasification efficiency, controllable reaction conditions at each stage, low operation and maintenance cost, high heat utilization rate, etc. It can achieve rapid "reduction, harmlessness, and resource utilization" of waste, with high use value and good application prospects.

[0032] (2) The present invention is applicable to a treatment system for waste pyrolysis gasification, and further includes an incinerator for continuously incinerating the leaked ash and slag formed in the pyrolysis gasification furnace, further realizing the "reduction and harmless treatment" of waste. At the same time, through the incineration of the incinerator, high-temperature flue gas can also be formed for pyrolysis gasification treatment of the waste in the pyrolysis gasification cavity. While ensuring the "reduction, harmlessness, and resource utilization" of waste, the heat generated by the incineration of the leaked ash and slag is reasonably utilized to improve the energy utilization rate.

[0033] (3) The present invention is applicable to a treatment system for waste pyrolysis gasification. An auxiliary burner is provided on the inner wall of the incinerator, and a heat exchanger is also provided on the pipeline between the flue gas outlet and the flue gas inlet of the incinerator. By the combined use of the auxiliary burner and the heat exchanger, the pyrolysis gasification temperature can be adjusted within a reasonable range.

[0034] (4) The present invention is applicable to a treatment system for waste pyrolysis gasification. A first chute is provided between the feed hopper and the drying cavity. When the waste to be treated enters the first chute through the feed hopper, the sealing of the drying cavity can be achieved through the design of the double-layer openable cover plate in the first chute. On the one hand, the leakage of the mixed gas can be avoided, and secondary pollution can be prevented. At the same time, the mixed gas collected in the drying cavity can be discharged outward through the exhaust port, and the discharged mixed gas can be directly incinerated for power generation or used as fuel for daily production. On the other hand, the temperature and pressure of the drying cavity can also be ensured to be stable, facilitating the drying treatment of waste.

[0035] (5) The present invention also provides a treatment method applicable to waste pyrolysis gasification, specifically using the treatment system of the present invention to treat domestic waste, which can quickly realize the "reduction, harmlessness, and resource utilization" of waste, and improve economic and environmental benefits while effectively disposing of waste. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a treatment system applicable to waste pyrolysis gasification in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 2 FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the first grate and the second grate in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0039] LEGEND DESCRIPTION:

[0040] 1. Feed hopper; 2. First chute; 3. First pusher; 4. First grate; 5. Second chute; 6. Second pusher; 7. Exhaust port; 8. Ash hopper; 9. Pyrolysis gasification gas inlet; 10. Ash leakage port; 11. Cyclone separator; 12. First conveyor; 13. Second conveyor; 14. Second grate; 15. Third chute; 16. Pyrolysis gasification gas outlet; 17. Acid removal device; 18. Slag hopper; 19. Flue gas inlet; 20. Slag leakage port; 21. Third conveyor; 22. Heat exchanger; 23. Discharge valve; 24. Incinerator; 25. Third grate; 26. Air inlet; 27. Flue gas outlet; 28. Auxiliary burner; 29. Ignition burner; 30. Slag discharge port; 31. Slag discharger; 32. First compressed air pipeline; 33. Second compressed air pipeline; 34. First air supply pipe; 35. Second air supply pipe. Detailed implementation mode

[0041] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without making creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0042] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship when the product of the present invention is normally placed. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

[0043] Embodiment 1

[0044] As Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown in the figure, the treatment system applicable to waste pyrolysis gasification in this embodiment includes a pyrolysis gasification furnace. The pyrolysis gasification furnace includes a drying cavity and a pyrolysis gasification cavity from top to bottom, and they are in an up-and-down structure. Specifically, the drying cavity and the pyrolysis gasification cavity are connected by a second chute 5. In the drying cavity, there are several sections of first grates 4 arranged in a stepped manner from top to bottom. Each section of the first grate 4 has several pores on its surface. The pores on the vertical plane of each section of the first grate 4 are connected to the first compressed air pipeline 32, and the pores on the horizontal plane of each section of the first grate 4 are connected to the ash hopper 8. The ash hopper 8 is located inside the first grate 4 and below the pores; a pyrolysis gas inlet 9 is provided on the side of the ash hopper 8; an exhaust port 7 is provided above the drying cavity; at the same time, in the pyrolysis gasification cavity, there are several sections of second grates 14 arranged in a stepped manner from top to bottom. Each section of the second grate 14 has several pores on its surface. The pores on the vertical plane of each section of the second grate 14 are connected to the second compressed air pipeline 33, and the pores on the horizontal plane of each section of the second grate 14 are connected to the slag hopper 18. The slag hopper 18 is located inside the second grate 14 and below the pores; a flue gas inlet 19 is provided on the side of the slag hopper 18; a pyrolysis gas outlet 16 is provided above the pyrolysis gasification cavity, and the pyrolysis gas outlet 16 is connected to the pyrolysis gas inlet 9 through a pipeline.

[0045] In the present invention, the garbage to be processed (raw garbage) enters the pyrolysis gasification furnace and sequentially passes through the drying cavity and the pyrolysis gasification cavity. In the drying cavity, the garbage is first dried, which can effectively reduce the moisture content in the garbage to be processed. This is beneficial to improving the efficiency and effect of subsequent pyrolysis gasification. Then, the dried garbage enters the pyrolysis cavity through the second chute. In the pyrolysis gasification cavity, the dried garbage is subjected to pyrolysis gasification treatment, which can achieve effective gasification of the garbage. On the one hand, by processing the garbage through the drying cavity and the pyrolysis gasification cavity, it is convenient to control and adjust the conditions of each reaction stage, promoting the improvement of the garbage treatment efficiency. On the other hand, the pyrolysis gasification gas formed in the pyrolysis gasification cavity can be used to dry the garbage in the drying cavity, which is beneficial to significantly improving the heat utilization rate and facilitating the reduction of the garbage treatment cost. More importantly, the first grate in the drying cavity and the second grate in the pyrolysis gasification cavity are arranged in a stepped manner from top to bottom, and a number of air holes are provided on the surfaces of the first grate and the second grate. Then, pressure gas is input through these air holes in the horizontal and vertical directions, and under the action of the gas in different directions, the garbage can be disturbed in the vertical direction and flipped forward in the horizontal direction. At the same time, while promoting the downward transfer of the garbage, the heat transfer and mass transfer effects can also be strengthened. This can not only improve the garbage treatment efficiency but also effectively reduce the equipment maintenance cost and effectively increase the service life of the equipment, avoiding the problems of wear and deformation that occur during the movement of traditional mechanical grates. In addition, the drying cavity and the pyrolysis gasification cavity are in an up-and-down structure. On the one hand, it is convenient for the garbage to transfer downward in the pyrolysis gasification furnace and for the hot gas to transfer upward in the pyrolysis gasification furnace, which is beneficial to improving the working efficiency of the pyrolysis gasification furnace. On the other hand, it can also reduce the floor area of the equipment, which is beneficial to reducing the construction cost. In addition, the drying cavity and the pyrolysis gasification cavity are connected by the second chute. During operation, the garbage will be stored in the second chute. On the one hand, it can effectively regulate the amount of garbage entering the pyrolysis gasification cavity, facilitating the realization of efficient garbage treatment. On the other hand, the double-layer openable cover plate provided in the second chute can prevent the pyrolysis gasification gas from entering the upper part of the drying cavity through the second chute during operation, promoting the rapid transfer of the heat in the pyrolysis gasification cavity to the bottom of the garbage in the drying cavity, facilitating the improvement of the heat utilization rate and also beneficial to improving the heat transfer and mass transfer effects.

[0046] In this embodiment, a cyclone separator 11 is provided on the pipeline between the pyrolysis gasification gas inlet 9 and the pyrolysis gasification gas outlet 16. The cyclone separator 11 is located outside the pyrolysis gasification furnace. The pyrolysis gasification gas inlet 9 is connected to the gas outlet end of the cyclone separator 11, and the pyrolysis gasification gas outlet 16 is connected to the gas inlet end of the cyclone separator 11. In this embodiment, by utilizing the dust removal function of the cyclone separator 11, the separation of gas and waste particles can be achieved. On the one hand, it can effectively prevent the pores on the surface of the first grate 4 from being blocked by particles, thereby improving the gas transmission efficiency. On the other hand, it can also realize the reuse of waste particles.

[0047] In this embodiment, an acid removal device 17 is provided on the pipeline between the pyrolysis gasification gas inlet 9 and the pyrolysis gasification gas outlet 16. For example, the acid removal device is a device for spraying calcium-based deacidifying agents, and acidic gases in the gas can be removed by spraying calcium-based deacidifying agents such as limestone powder to complete the acid removal of the gas. However, the acid removal device used is not limited to the device for spraying calcium-based deacidifying agents. The acid removal device 17 is located between the pyrolysis gasification gas outlet 16 and the cyclone separator 11. In the present invention, through the acid removal function of the acid removal device 17, acidic gases in the gas can be effectively removed, thereby reducing the corrosion of the equipment, facilitating the reduction of the equipment maintenance and replacement frequency, and improving the service life of the equipment.

[0048] In this embodiment, a ash leakage port 10 is provided below the ash leakage hopper 8. The ash leakage port 10 is connected to the first conveyor 12 through a pipeline. A third chute 15 is also provided in the pyrolysis gasification cavity. The third chute 15 is located below the second grate 14 at the bottom of the pyrolysis gasification cavity. A second conveyor 13 is connected below the third chute 15. The discharge ends of the first conveyor 12 and the cyclone separator 11 are connected to the feed end of the second conveyor 13 through a pipeline. In the present invention, the first conveyor 12 and the second conveyor 13 are chain conveyors, but are not limited thereto.

[0049] In this embodiment, a slag leakage port 20 is provided below the slag leakage hopper 18. The slag leakage port 20 is connected to the third conveyor 21 through a pipeline. The discharge end of the second conveyor 13 is connected to an incinerator 24. The incinerator 24 is located below the pyrolysis gasification cavity. A slag discharge port 30 is provided below the incinerator 24. A slag discharger 31 is provided below the slag discharge port 30. The discharge end of the third conveyor 21 is connected to the feed end of the slag discharger 31. In the present invention, the third conveyor 21 is a chain conveyor, but is not limited thereto.

[0050] In the present invention, under the combined action of the first conveyor 12 and the second conveyor 13, the ash leakage in the ash leakage hopper 8 and the solid-phase products in the pyrolysis gasification cavity can be input into the incinerator. Under the incineration action of the incinerator, the garbage can be further converted into high-temperature flue gas, and the volume of the garbage can be further reduced, which is more conducive to realizing the "reduction, harmlessness and resource utilization" of the garbage. At the same time, under the transportation action of the third conveyor 21, the slag in the incinerator can be discharged outwards for other disposal treatments.

[0051] In this embodiment, a flue gas outlet 27 is provided above the incinerator 24, and the flue gas outlet 27 is connected to the flue gas inlet 19 through a pipeline; a heat exchanger 22 is also provided on the pipeline between the flue gas outlet 27 and the flue gas inlet 19; the discharge end of the heat exchanger 22 is connected to the feed end of the slag discharger 31. A discharge valve 23 is provided above the incinerator 24, and the discharge valve 23 is located between the discharge end of the second conveyor 13 and the feed end of the incinerator 24. A third grate 25 is also provided in the incinerator 24. The third grate 25 is a conical rotating grate and is arranged below the incinerator 24; an air inlet 26 is further provided below the third grate 25, and a first air supply pipe 34 is connected to the air inlet 26. An auxiliary burner 28 and a pilot burner 29 are also provided on the inner wall of the incinerator 24, and the auxiliary burner 28 and the pilot burner 29 are located on the side of the third grate 25.

[0052] In the present invention, under the action of the pilot burner 29, the ignition and combustion of the materials in the incinerator can be realized. Further, under the combined action of the heat exchanger 22 and the auxiliary burner 28, the temperature of the pyrolysis gasification section can be effectively controlled. Specifically, through the combined adjustment of the heat exchanger 22 and the auxiliary burner 28, the temperature in the pyrolysis gasification cavity is controlled at 500 - 600 °C. For example, when the calorific value of the materials in the incinerator is relatively high, the heat of the flue gas passing through the heat exchanger 22 can be reduced to enter the pyrolysis gasification section; when the calorific value of the materials in the residue incinerator is relatively low, the auxiliary burner is turned on to increase the flue gas temperature and the heat entering the pyrolysis gasification section. These high-temperature flue gases are transported through the pipeline and enter the slag leakage hopper in the pyrolysis gasification cavity, and the garbage on the surface of the second grate 14 is pyrolyzed and gasified through the air holes.

[0053] In this embodiment, the arrangement direction of the first grate 4 in the drying cavity is opposite to that of the second grate 14 in the pyrolysis gasification cavity, and the first grate 4 at the bottom of the drying cavity is butted against the second grate 14 at the top of the pyrolysis gasification cavity, so that the materials in the drying cavity fall from the first grate 4 into the second grate 14 through the second chute 5. Specifically, the first grate 4 at the bottom of the drying cavity is connected to the second grate 14 at the top of the pyrolysis gasification cavity through the second chute 5; the second chute 5 is provided with a double-layer openable and closable cover plate, and a bridge-breaking device for breaking the bridge of the materials in the second chute 5 is also arranged between the double-layer cover plates; a second pusher 6 capable of moving horizontally back and forth is further arranged below the second chute 5 for pushing the materials in the second chute 5 into the pyrolysis gasification cavity.

[0054] In the present invention, the garbage that has completed the drying treatment in the drying cavity falls from the first grate 4 at the bottommost part onto the upper cover plate in the second chute 5. After accumulating to a certain amount, the upper cover plate is opened, and the garbage falls onto the lower cover plate. At this time, the lower cover plate is in a closed state; when the garbage falling from the upper cover plate reaches a certain amount, the upper cover plate is closed, the lower cover plate is opened, and the garbage falls onto the second grate 14. On the one hand, it can effectively control the amount of garbage entering the pyrolysis gasification cavity, facilitating the efficient treatment of garbage. On the other hand, the double-layer openable and closable cover plate arranged in the second chute can prevent the pyrolysis gasification gas from entering the upper part of the drying cavity through the second chute during operation, promoting the rapid transfer of heat in the pyrolysis gasification cavity to the bottom of the garbage in the drying cavity, facilitating the improvement of heat utilization efficiency, and also conducive to improving the heat transfer and mass transfer effects. In addition, during the downward movement of the garbage, by utilizing the arch-breaking effect of the bridge-breaking device, the garbage in the second chute 5 can be pushed downward. At the same time, during the pyrolysis gasification process, under the pushing action of the second pusher 6, the materials in the second chute 5 can be pushed horizontally into the pyrolysis gasification cavity. During this process, the design of the double-layer openable and closable cover plate can prevent the gas in the pyrolysis gasification cavity from being transmitted to the upper part of the drying cavity through the second chute 5, which is conducive to improving the utilization rate of heat in the pyrolysis gasification cavity and the pyrolysis gasification efficiency of the garbage in the pyrolysis gasification cavity.

[0055] In this embodiment, a first air compressor is connected to the first compressed air pipeline 32, and a second air compressor is connected to the second compressed air pipeline 33. In the present invention, under the action of the first air compressor and the second air compressor, compressed gas can be respectively transported into the drying cavity and the pyrolysis gasification cavity through the first compressed air pipeline 32, the second compressed air pipeline 33 and the air holes communicated with them at a certain frequency, pushing the garbage on the surfaces of the first grate and the second grate forward, and interacting with the pressurized gas entering vertically to disturb and turn over the garbage, while promoting the improvement of the heat transfer and mass transfer effects, and also improving the efficiency of the downward movement of the garbage.

[0056] In this embodiment, a second air supply pipe 35 is further connected to the flue gas inlet 19. In the present invention, under the combined action of the first air supply pipe 34 and the second air supply pipe 35, precise control can be performed according to the oxygen demand in different stages of pyrolysis gasification to meet the actual production requirements.

[0057] In this embodiment, a first chute 2 is provided above the drying cavity. The feeding end of the first chute 2 is connected to a feeding hopper 1; a double-layer openable and closable cover plate is provided in the first chute 2, and a bridge-breaking device for breaking the bridge of the material in the first chute is provided between the two cover plates; a first pusher 3 capable of moving horizontally back and forth is further provided below the first chute 2 for pushing the material in the first chute 2 into the drying cavity.

[0058] In the present invention, the waste to be treated enters the first chute 2 through the feeding hopper 1, first falls on the upper cover plate in the first chute 2, and when a certain amount accumulates, the upper cover plate is opened, and the waste falls onto the lower cover plate. At this time, the lower cover plate is in a closed state; when the waste falling from the upper cover plate reaches a certain amount, the upper cover plate is closed and the lower cover plate is opened, and the waste falls onto the first grate 4. Further, the design of the double-layer openable and closable cover plate can ensure that the temperature and pressure in the drying cavity always remain stable. On this basis, under the action of the first pusher 3, the material (waste to be treated) in the first chute 2 can be pushed into the drying cavity along the horizontal direction, and the drying treatment of the waste is completed in the drying cavity.

[0059] In the present invention, the adopted bridge-breaking device is usually made of high-temperature resistant materials such as nickel-based alloys, but is not limited thereto.

[0060] The treatment method applicable to waste pyrolysis gasification in this embodiment uses the treatment system in the above-mentioned embodiment to treat domestic waste, including the following steps:

[0061] (1) Transfer the collected domestic waste to be treated to the feeding hopper 1, and then the waste falls onto the upper cover plate in the first chute 2. When a certain amount accumulates, the upper cover plate is opened, and the waste falls onto the lower cover plate. At this time, the lower cover plate is in a closed state; when the waste falling from the upper cover plate reaches a certain amount, the upper cover plate is closed and the lower cover plate is opened, so that the domestic waste enters the first grate 4 at the top of the drying cavity. Through the design of the double-layer cover plate, the sealing of the first chute 2 can be realized, and at the same time, the double-layer cover plates provided in the second chute 5 are closed.

[0062] (2) Introduce the high-temperature flue gas from the flue gas inlet 19 into the slag leakage hopper 18, and then enter the pyrolysis gasification cavity through the air holes on the surface of the second grate. Further, the high-temperature flue gas in the pyrolysis gasification cavity enters the ash leakage hopper 8 through the pyrolysis gas outlet 16 and enters the drying cavity through the air holes on the surface of the first grate. In this step, the high-temperature flue gas used can come from an incinerator, but is not limited thereto.

[0063] (3) Start the first pusher 3 and the first air compressor. The first pusher 3 pushes the domestic waste in the first chute 2 into the drying cavity along the horizontal direction, and under the action of the compressed gas output by the first air compressor, the domestic waste can move continuously in the horizontal direction; the high-temperature flue gas introduced in the vertical direction interacts with the compressed gas to disturb the waste and complete the drying treatment of the domestic waste; the waste gradually moves on the first grate and finally falls into the second chute 5.

[0064] (4) After a certain amount of waste accumulates on the upper cover plate in the second chute 5, open the upper cover plate, and the waste falls onto the lower cover plate. At this time, the lower cover plate is in a closed state; after the waste falling from the upper cover plate reaches a certain amount, the upper cover plate is closed and the lower cover plate is opened, and the waste falls onto the second grate 14. Through the design of the double-layer cover plate, the sealing of the second chute 5 can be realized. At the same time, start the second pusher 6 and the second air compressor. The second pusher 6 pushes the dried waste in the second chute 5 into the pyrolysis gasification cavity along the horizontal direction, and under the action of the compressed gas output by the second air compressor, the domestic waste can move continuously in the horizontal direction; the high-temperature flue gas introduced in the vertical direction interacts with the compressed gas to disturb the waste and complete the pyrolysis gasification treatment of the dried waste. The pyrolysis gasification gas formed during the pyrolysis gasification process enters the drying cavity through the pyrolysis gasification gas outlet 16, and at the same time, the formed residue enters the second conveyor 13 through the third chute 15. During this process, it also includes: introducing air into the pyrolysis gasification cavity through the second air supply pipe 35 to adjust the oxygen content in different stages of pyrolysis gasification, thereby promoting and improving the pyrolysis gasification effect of the dried waste.

[0065] (5) Start the second conveyor 13, send the residue from the pyrolysis gasification furnace into the incinerator 24 through the discharge valve 23, start the ignition burner 29 to incinerate the residue, and at the same time, according to the operating conditions, through the mutual cooperation of the auxiliary burner 28 and the heat exchanger 22, ensure that the high-temperature flue gas enters the pyrolysis gasification cavity through the flue gas inlet 19, and can control the temperature in the pyrolysis gasification cavity between 500 and 600 °C. During this process, it also includes: starting the cyclone separator 11, the first conveyor 12 and the acid removal device 17 to carry out acid removal and dust removal treatment on the pyrolysis gasification gas in sequence, and transferring the dust in the cyclone separator 11 and the dried waste in the ash hopper to the incinerator 24 to be incinerated together with the residue. In addition, during the incineration process, it also includes: introducing air into the incinerator 24 through the first air supply pipe 34 to adjust the oxygen content in the incinerator 24, thereby promoting and improving the incineration effect of materials such as the residue.

[0066] (6) Open the third conveyor 21, the slag discharge port 30, and the slag discharger 31 to discharge the slag in the incinerator 24 and the leaked slag in the slag leakage hopper outwards, thus completing the treatment of domestic waste.

[0067] It can be seen from this that, compared with the conventional pyrolysis gasification system / device, the treatment system of the present invention applicable to waste pyrolysis gasification has the advantages of high working efficiency, good heat and mass transfer effect, high pyrolysis gasification efficiency, controllable reaction conditions in each stage, low operation and maintenance cost, high heat utilization rate, etc. It can realize the rapid "reduction, harmlessness, and resource utilization" treatment of waste, has high use value and good application prospects.

[0068] The above embodiments are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. All technical solutions falling within the idea of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art in this technical field, improvements and refinements made without departing from the principle of the present invention should also be regarded as within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A treatment system applicable to waste pyrolysis gasification, characterized in that, It includes a pyrolysis gasifier, and the pyrolysis gasifier successively comprises a drying cavity and a pyrolysis gasification cavity from top to bottom; the drying cavity and the pyrolysis gasification cavity are connected through a second chute (5). In the drying cavity, a plurality of first grates (4) arranged in a stepped manner are provided from top to bottom. A plurality of air holes are provided on the surface of each first grate (4). The air holes on the vertical plane of each first grate (4) are communicated with a first compressed air pipeline (32), and the air holes on the horizontal plane of each first grate (4) are communicated with an ash leakage hopper (8). The ash leakage hopper (8) is located inside the first grate (4) and below the air holes; a pyrolysis gasification gas inlet (9) is provided on the side of the ash leakage hopper (8); an exhaust port (7) is provided above the drying cavity. In the pyrolysis gasification cavity, a plurality of second grates (14) arranged in a stepped manner are provided from top to bottom. A plurality of air holes are provided on the surface of each second grate (14). The air holes on the vertical plane of each second grate (14) are communicated with a second compressed air pipeline (33), and the air holes on the horizontal plane of each second grate (14) are communicated with a slag leakage hopper (18). The slag leakage hopper (18) is located inside the second grate (14) and below the air holes; a flue gas inlet (19) is provided on the side of the slag leakage hopper (18); a pyrolysis gasification gas outlet (16) is provided above the pyrolysis gasification cavity, and the pyrolysis gasification gas outlet (16) is communicated with the pyrolysis gasification gas inlet (9) through a pipeline.

2. The treatment system applicable to waste pyrolysis gasification according to claim 1, characterized in that, A cyclone separator (11) is provided on the pipeline between the pyrolysis gasification gas inlet (9) and the pyrolysis gasification gas outlet (16), and the cyclone separator (11) is located outside the pyrolysis gasifier; the pyrolysis gasification gas inlet (9) is connected to the outlet end of the cyclone separator (11), and the pyrolysis gasification gas outlet (16) is connected to the inlet end of the cyclone separator (11).

3. The treatment system applicable to waste pyrolysis gasification according to claim 2, characterized in that, An acid removal device (17) is provided on the pipeline between the pyrolysis gasification gas inlet (9) and the pyrolysis gasification gas outlet (16); the acid removal device (17) is located between the pyrolysis gasification gas outlet (16) and the cyclone separator (11).

4. The treatment system applicable to waste pyrolysis gasification according to claim 2, characterized in that, An ash leakage port (10) is provided below the ash leakage hopper (8), and the ash leakage port (10) is connected to a first conveyor (12) through a pipeline. A third chute (15) is further provided in the pyrolysis gasification cavity, and the third chute (15) is located below the second grate (14) at the bottom of the pyrolysis gasification cavity; a second conveyor (13) is connected below the third chute (15). The discharge ends of the first conveyor (12) and the cyclone separator (11) are connected to the feed end of the second conveyor (13).

5. The treatment system applicable to waste pyrolysis gasification according to claim 4, characterized in that, A slag leakage port (20) is provided below the slag leakage hopper (18), and the slag leakage port (20) is connected to a third conveyor (21) through a pipeline. The discharge end of the second conveyor (13) is connected to an incinerator (24), and the incinerator (24) is located below the pyrolysis gasification cavity; a slag discharge port (30) is provided below the incinerator (24); a slag discharger (31) is provided below the slag discharge port (30); The discharge end of the third conveyor (21) is connected to the feed end of the slag discharger (31).

6. The treatment system applicable to waste pyrolysis gasification according to claim 5, characterized in that, A flue gas outlet (27) is provided above the incinerator (24), and the flue gas outlet (27) is connected to the flue gas inlet (19) through a pipeline; a heat exchanger (22) is further provided on the pipeline between the flue gas outlet (27) and the flue gas inlet (19); the discharge end of the heat exchanger (22) is connected to the feed end of the slag discharger (31); A discharge valve (23) is provided above the incinerator (24), and the discharge valve (23) is located between the discharge end of the second conveyor (13) and the feed end of the incinerator (24); A third grate (25) is further provided in the incinerator (24), and the third grate (25) is a conical rotating grate and is arranged below the incinerator (24); an air inlet (26) is further provided below the third grate (25), and a first air supply pipe (34) is connected to the air inlet (26); An auxiliary burner (28) and an ignition burner (29) are further provided on the inner wall of the incinerator (24), and the auxiliary burner (28) and the ignition burner (29) are located on the side of the third grate (25).

7. The treatment system applicable to waste pyrolysis gasification according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that The arrangement direction of the first grate (4) in the drying cavity is opposite to the arrangement direction of the second grate (14) in the pyrolysis gasification cavity, and the first grate (4) at the bottom of the drying cavity is butted against the second grate (14) at the top of the pyrolysis gasification cavity, so that the material in the drying cavity falls from the first grate (4) onto the second grate (14) through the second chute (5); The first grate (4) at the bottom of the drying cavity is connected to the second grate (14) at the top of the pyrolysis gasification cavity through the second chute (5); a double-layer openable cover plate is provided in the second chute (5), and a bridge-breaking device for bridging and breaking the material in the second chute (5) is provided between the two cover plates; A second pusher (6) capable of moving horizontally back and forth is further provided below the second chute (5) for pushing the material in the second chute (5) into the pyrolysis gasification cavity.

8. The treatment system applicable to waste pyrolysis gasification according to claim 7, characterized in that, A first air compressor is connected to the first compressed air pipeline (32); a second air compressor is connected to the second compressed air pipeline (33); A second air supply pipe (35) is further connected to the flue gas inlet (19).

9. The treatment system applicable to waste pyrolysis gasification according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, A first chute (2) is provided above the drying cavity, and the feed end of the first chute (2) is connected to a feed hopper (1); a double-layer openable cover plate is provided in the first chute (2), and a bridge-breaking device for bridging and breaking the material in the first chute (2) is provided between the two cover plates; Below the first chute (2), there is also a first pusher (3) that can move horizontally back and forth, which is used to push the materials in the first chute (2) into the drying cavity.

10. A treatment method applicable to waste pyrolysis gasification, characterized in that, Use the treatment system according to any one of claims 1 to 9 to treat garbage.

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