Ecological reconstruction system for torrential water flow section

Abstract

An ecological reconstruction system for a torrential water flow section comprises broadening sections formed by digging on the two sides of the torrential water flow section respectively. The original river channel and the widening section are excavated at the same time to form water falling steps, and the water falling steps at least comprise a first step, a second step and a third step; the first step is used for planting submerged plants; the second step is used for planting submerged plants in the area of the original river channel, and is used for planting emergent aquatic plants in the area of the broadening section; the third step is used for planting emergent aquatic plants, the planting density of the emergent aquatic plants is smaller than that of the emergent aquatic plants at the second step, and submerged plants are planted in areas among the emergent aquatic plants. According to the application, the condition that a torrential river channel section scours and erodes a riverbed can be relieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of planting equipment, and particularly relates to an ecological restoration system for sections with rapid water flow. Background Art

[0002] Fast-flowing water carries substances such as sediment, which will continuously erode the riverbed and bank slopes, leading to soil erosion and even collapse. By planting aquatic plants underwater in the fast-flowing section, the stems and leaves of the aquatic plants are like natural flow-blocking nets, which can reduce the local flow velocity through friction and blocking, and reduce the direct scouring of the river bottom by the water flow; at the same time, the gaps between the planted aquatic plants can provide shelters and spawning grounds for small fish and benthic animals, thereby gradually reconstructing the river ecological chain.

[0003] However, due to the harsh living environment of organisms in the fast-flowing river section, it is difficult for animals and plants to survive naturally in this section. When artificially planting aquatic plants at the river bottom, the roots of the planted aquatic plants are not stable and are easily washed away by the fast-flowing river water, or after the aquatic plants are planted, the planting substrate is washed away by the river water, making it difficult for the aquatic plants to survive. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention provides an ecological restoration system for sections with rapid water flow to solve the problem of difficult planting of aquatic plants in the fast-flowing river section.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: An ecological restoration system for sections with rapid water flow includes widened sections respectively excavated on both sides of the section with rapid water flow; A water-drop step is simultaneously excavated in the original river channel and the widened section, and the water-drop step includes at least a first step, a second step and a third step; The first step is used for planting submerged plants; The area of the second step in the original river channel is used for planting submerged plants, and the area in the widened section is used for planting emergent plants; The third step is used for planting emergent plants, and the planting density of the emergent plants is less than that of the emergent plants at the second step, and submerged plants are planted in the area between the emergent plants. Further, anchor plates are installed in the areas of the first step, the area of the second step in the original river channel and a partial area of the third step, and the submerged plants are planted on the anchor plates.

[0006] Further, a number of planting bases are installed in the area of the second step in the widened section and a partial area of the third step, and the emergent plants are planted in the planting bases; The planting base includes a planting cylinder and a conical base. The conical base is detachably installed below the planting cylinder, and the emergent plants are placed inside the planting cylinder and the conical base.

[0007] Furthermore, the anchoring plate includes a perforated plate and a number of anchoring nails provided on the perforated plate. The anchoring nails are used to anchor to the river bottom, and the perforated plate is in close contact with the sediment at the river bottom. A limiting net is rotatably arranged on the perforated plate, and the submerged plants are laid in the area between the limiting net and the perforated plate.

[0008] Furthermore, a sediment accumulation plate is arranged on the periphery of the perforated plate. The bottom wall of the sediment accumulation plate abuts against the river bottom, and the top end extends out of the surface of the perforated plate.

[0009] Furthermore, anchoring piles are arranged around the periphery of the conical base. The anchoring piles are used to be inserted into the river bottom; a number of through holes for the roots of the emergent plants to penetrate through are formed on the side wall of the conical base.

[0010] Furthermore, both the anchoring plate and the planting base are made of degradable materials, and a superabsorbent resin is mixed in the anchoring plate and the planting base, and a hydrophilic coating is also applied on the surface.

[0011] Furthermore, plant growth nutrient components are mixed inside the conical base, the part of the anchoring plate and the sediment accumulation plate facing the upstream side of the perforated plate. The nutrient components are slowly released as the conical base and the anchoring plate degrade.

[0012] Furthermore, a tie ring is arranged between two adjacent anchoring plates.

[0013] Furthermore, sediment accumulation ridges are arranged at the downstream ends of the first step, the second step and the third step.

[0014] The present invention can achieve the following beneficial effects: 1. The ecological reconstruction system of the present application forms multiple levels of steps at the bottom of the riverbed, and submerged plants and emergent plants are planted along the steps. As the steps go downwards, the planting density of the emergent plants increases. This enables the ecological system of the present application to reduce the scouring of the water flow on the riverbed and the riverbank through aquatic plants, and at the same time can assist in depositing the sediment in the river water, playing a role in purifying the river water. At the same time, the aquatic plants can also provide a growth environment for animals and plants, constructing a good ecological environment; it can also beautify the river channel environment and construct a beautiful river channel landscape.

[0015] 2. By arranging an anchoring plate below the submerged plants and a planting base below the emergent plants, it can overcome the difficulty of difficult planting of aquatic plants in the section with rapid water flow, improve the survival rate of the submerged plants and the emergent plants, and provide the possibility for the reconstruction of the ecological system.

[0016] 3. Incorporate nutrient components into the anchoring plate and the planting base, and use degradable materials to make the anchoring plate and the planting base. In this way, under the scouring of water flow, the anchoring plate and the planting base gradually decompose and release nutrient components, providing nutrients for the growth of aquatic plants. As the anchoring plate and the planting base degrade, it can also reduce the pollution of the river channel environment and provide space for the growth of aquatic plants. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments: Figure 1 It is a sectional view of the original river channel of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a plan view of the river channel after the ecological system reconstruction of the present invention; Figure 3 is Figure 2 the sectional view of the A-A section in Figure 4 is Figure 2 the sectional view of the B-B section in Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the anchoring plate of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the anchoring plate from another perspective of the present invention; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the effect of installing the planting base of the present invention outside the emergent plants.

[0018] In the drawings, the list of components represented by each reference numeral is as follows: 1. Widened section; 2. Waterfall step; 21. First step; 22. Second step; 23. Third step; 3. Anchoring plate; 31. Hollow plate; 32. Anchoring nail; 33. Limiting net; 34. Sand accumulating plate; 35. Buckle ring; 4. Planting base; 41. Planting cylinder; 42. Conical base; 421. Through hole; 43. Anchoring pile; 5. Pulling ring; 6. Mud accumulating ridge. 100. Original river channel; 200. Submerged plants; 300. Emergent plants. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0019] To facilitate the understanding of the present application, the present application will be described more comprehensively below with reference to the relevant drawings. Embodiments of the present application are shown in the drawings. However, the present application can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. On the contrary, the purpose of providing these embodiments is to make the disclosure of the present application more thorough and comprehensive.

[0020] As Figures 1 to 7As shown, an ecological restoration system for a section with rapid water flow is mainly used to achieve ecological restoration of river sections with rapid water flow and severe riverbed scouring. It includes widened sections 1 excavated on both sides of the section with rapid water flow. Since the river water flow in the river channel is large, constructing an ecological system in this section will occupy the space of this section of the river channel and affect the drainage volume of this section of the river channel. Therefore, the widened section 1 is constructed to ensure that the river water flows through this section of the river channel normally.

[0021] Both the original river channel 100 and the widened section 1 include the dug water-drop steps 2. During specific construction, the widened section 1 is dug while the water-drop steps 2 are dug, and the excavation depth of the widened section 1 at the same step is less than the excavation depth of the original river channel area. The water-drop steps 2 at least include the first step 21, the second step 22, and the third step 23. In other embodiments, the water-drop steps 2 can include more steps. In this application, the example of only including the first step 21, the second step 22, and the third step 23 is used for illustration.

[0022] During the excavation of the first step 21, the second step 22, and the third step 23, sediment accumulation ridges 6 are arranged at the downstream ends of the first step 21, the second step 22, and the third step 23. On the one hand, the sediment accumulation ridges 6 can slow down the flow velocity of the river, and on the other hand, they can assist in sediment deposition and reduce scouring of the riverbed bottom. The sediment accumulation ridge 6 of the first step 21 is built with sandbags. The sediment accumulation ridges 6 of the second step 22 and the third step 23 can be adjusted adaptively according to the heights of the second step 22 and the third step 23. If the heights of the second step 22 and the third step 23 are relatively low, they are also built with sandbags. If the heights of the second step 22 and the third step 23 are relatively high, then during the excavation process, part of the riverbed soil layer is reserved to form the sediment accumulation ridge 6. If the sediment accumulation ridge 6 is formed by piling sandbags, the sandbags can provide attachment growth points for microorganisms and algae, which is beneficial to the construction of the ecological system in this river section.

[0023] After the water-drop steps 2 are excavated, submerged plants 200 are planted on the first step 21; submerged plants 200 are planted in the area of the original river channel 100 of the second step 22, and emergent plants 300 are planted in the area of the widened section 1; emergent plants 300 are planted on the third step 23. The planting density of the emergent plants 300 is less than that of the emergent plants 300 at the second step 22, and submerged plants 200 are planted in the area between the emergent plants 300.

[0024] Among them, submerged plants 200 can grow plants such as Hydrilla verticillata, Myriophyllum verticillatum, and Vallisneria natans, and emergent plants 300 can grow plants such as Phragmites australis and Arundo donax. Since the river water continuously scours the riverbed, it will cause continuous erosion of the river bottom. Submerged plants 200 such as Hydrilla verticillata have relatively developed root systems and can be better fixed in the bottom substrate and are not easily washed away by the water flow; in addition, Hydrilla verticillata has a high growth rate and reproductive ability, and has a wide adaptability range to light and water temperature, and can grow well in harsh environments with rapid water flow.

[0025] First, by planting submerged plants 200 on the first step 21, the initial anchoring of the riverbed substrate can be realized. On the one hand, the sediment carried in the river water is deposited to provide a substrate for plant planting in this section; on the other hand, the flow rate of the river water can be slowed down, thereby initially buffering the erosion of the river water on the bottom and side banks of the river channel and reducing the further scouring of the river water on the river channel.

[0026] Furthermore, submerged plants 200 are planted in the middle of the second step 22 to ensure the normal water flow requirement of the river channel; emergent plants 300 are planted on both sides of the second step 22. Since the river water decelerates after passing through the first step 21 and the water flow impact force becomes slower, emergent plants 300 planted on both sides of the second step 22 can survive better at this time, and can resist the scouring of the river water on the river bank, and can further reduce the impact force of the river, providing a habitat for organisms.

[0027] When the river water passes through the submerged plants 200 and emergent plants 300 on the first step 21 and the second step 22 and the flow rate is slowed down, when passing through the third step 23, the impact on the emergent plants 300 is smaller. Planting emergent plants 300 can provide a habitat for benthic animals, and compared with submerged plants 200, the flow resistance and embankment fixation effects are better, and it can better block the loss of sediment to ensure the smooth reconstruction of the ecological system in this section of the river.

[0028] At the same time, submerged plants 200 are planted at intervals in the middle of the third step 23 to ensure the normal water passing capacity of the river channel. Usually, the width of the third step 23 is excavated to be greater than the widths of the first step 21 and the second step 22, and wider than the width of the original river channel 100, so as to meet the need for water passing.

[0029] When planting submerged plants 200, an anchoring plate 3 is provided in the area where submerged plants 200 are planted on the first step 21, the second step 22, and the third step 23, and the smooth planting of submerged plants 200 is realized through the anchoring plate 3. Specifically, the anchoring plate 3 includes a hollow plate 31 and a number of anchoring nails 32 arranged on the hollow plate 31, and the anchoring nails 32 and the hollow plate 31 are integrally formed; a limiting net 33 is rotatably installed on the side of the hollow plate 31 away from the anchoring nails 32, and the rotating side of the limiting net 33 can be buckled with the hollow plate 31.

[0030] Before planting the submerged plants 200, lay the anchoring plate 3 on the river bottom and anchor the anchor nails 32 into the river bottom formation; if the river scouring in the corresponding area is relatively severe, resulting in a thin sediment deposition thickness at the bottom of the riverbed, pre-drilling can be carried out first, and then the anchor nails 32 can be anchored into the river bottom gravel or formation. After the installation of the anchoring plate 3, the hollow plate 31 should be as close as possible to the river bottom sediment. Subsequently, plant the submerged plants 200. After laying plants such as algae on the hollow plate 31, cover the limiting net 33 to complete the planting of the submerged plants 200. It should be noted that the diameter of the pores on the hollow plate 31 is designed based on the principle that the roots of the submerged plants 200 can smoothly pass through and penetrate into the soil layer. Similarly, the aperture of the mesh holes of the limiting net 33 is designed based on the principle that the leaves of the submerged plants 200 can easily protrude.

[0031] The anchoring plate 3 fixes the submerged plants 200 through the limiting net 33 to prevent the submerged plants 200 from being washed away under the action of water flow impact. At the same time, the roots of the submerged plants 200 can take root downward into the river bottom through the holes of the hollow plate 31, and the leaves of the submerged plants 200 can protrude upward through the holes on the limiting net 33.

[0032] Furthermore, a sediment accumulation plate 34 is arranged on the periphery of the hollow plate 31. The bottom wall of the sediment accumulation plate 34 abuts against the river bottom, and the top end protrudes from the surface of the hollow plate 31, which is used to block and accumulate the sediment in the river bottom and river water, so that more sediment accumulates in the space between the hollow plate 31 and the river bottom, providing a soil environment for the growth of the submerged plants 200.

[0033] When planting the submerged plants 200, usually multiple anchoring plates 3 are laid on the river bottom. A buckle ring 35 is formed on each side wall of the anchoring plate 3. A tie ring 5 is arranged between two adjacent anchoring plates 3. The tie ring 5 passes through the buckle rings 35 on the two anchoring plates 3 and then buckles, so as to realize the mutual connection between several anchoring plates 3 through the tie ring 5, improve the integrity of several anchoring plates 3, and prevent the river water from washing away the anchoring plates 3.

[0034] When planting the emergent plants 300, a planting base 4 needs to be set below the emergent plants 300 to overcome the problem of difficult planting of the emergent plants 300 in the section with rapid water flow. The planting base 4 includes a planting cylinder 41 and a conical base 42. The conical base 42 is detachably installed below the planting cylinder 41. Specifically, the conical base 42 can be threadedly connected to the planting cylinder 41, and the emergent plants 300 are placed in the planting cylinder 41 and the conical base 42.

[0035] When planting, first put the planting cylinder 41 over the emergent plant 300. At the same time, drive the conical base 42 into the river bottom, and then thread-connect the planting cylinder 41 to the conical base 42. Part of the roots of the emergent plant 300 are located inside the conical base 42. A number of through holes 421 for the roots of the emergent plant 300 to pass through are provided on the side wall of the conical base 42. As the emergent plant 300 grows, the roots of the emergent plant 300 can pass through the through holes 421 and penetrate into the surrounding strata to achieve successful planting.

[0036] Furthermore, anchoring piles 43 are also arranged around the circumference of the conical base 42. The anchoring piles 43 are inclined and used to be inserted into the river bottom. Through the anchoring piles 43, it can be ensured that the planting base 4 can still be stably anchored in the river bottom strata under the impact of water flow, thereby realizing the smooth growth of the emergent plant 300. Among them, setting the planting cylinder 41 can protect the rhizomes of the emergent plant 300 and reduce the scouring of the rhizomes of the emergent plant 300 by the water flow, so as to realize the smooth growth of the emergent plant 300.

[0037] In addition, both the anchoring plate 3 and the planting base 4 are made of biodegradable materials. With the scouring of the water flow, the anchoring plate 3 and the planting base 4 are gradually degraded, removing the shackles on plant growth and reducing the pollution of the river channel at the same time. The anchoring plate 3 and the planting base 4 are made by compounding superabsorbent resin and biodegradable materials, and a hydrophilic coating is applied on the surface. The superabsorbent resin can absorb hundreds or even thousands of times its own weight of water. When the anchoring plate 3 and the planting base 4 come into contact with the water body, they quickly absorb water and gain weight to sink to the bottom, thereby realizing light transportation and handling, and gaining weight and anchoring to the river bottom during installation. In one specific embodiment, the superabsorbent resin and polylactic acid are mixed to make the anchoring plate 3 and the planting base 4. The polylactic acid ensures strength and degradability, and the superabsorbent resin endows it with the property of becoming heavy after absorbing water.

[0038] If the water absorption speed of the anchoring plate 3 and the planting base 4 is too slow, it may cause difficulties in installing the anchoring plate 3 and the planting base 4. Therefore, a hydrophilic coating is applied on the surface to increase the water absorption speed.

[0039] Furthermore, the conical base 42, the anchoring plate 3, and the part of the sand accumulation plate 34 facing the upstream side of the hollow plate 31 are all mixed with nutrient components for plant growth. The nutrient components are slowly released as the conical base 42 and the anchoring plate 3 degrade, and are used to provide nutrients for plant growth to improve the survival rate of plants.

[0040] The stems and leaves of the aquatic plants in this application can weaken the energy of the water flow, reduce the flow velocity, decrease the scouring of the water flow on the riverbed and the bank slope, and prevent soil erosion. The anchor nails 32 at the bottom of the anchor plate 3, the anchor piles 43 at the bottom of the planting base 4, and the plant roots form a stable fixing system, enhancing the stability of the riverbed and enabling the organisms at the bottom of the river to reproduce and survive better. Furthermore, while enhancing the anti-scouring ability of the river channel, the aquatic plants can also achieve water quality purification, biological habitat improvement, and landscape enhancement.

[0041] The above are only the preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of this application shall be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. An ecological reconstruction system for a section with rapid water flow, characterized in that: Including widened sections (1) excavated respectively on both sides of the section with rapid water flow; A water - falling step (2) is excavated simultaneously in the original river channel (100) and the widened section (1). The water - falling step (2) at least includes a first step (21), a second step (22) and a third step (23); The first step (21) is used for planting submerged plants (200); The second step (22) in the area of the original river channel (100) is used for planting submerged plants (200), and in the area of the widened section (1) is used for planting emergent plants (300); The third step (23) is used for planting emergent plants (300), and the planting density of the emergent plants (300) is less than that of the emergent plants (300) at the second step (22), and submerged plants (200) are planted in the area between the emergent plants (300).

2. The ecological restoration system for a fast-flowing water section according to claim 1, characterized in that: Anchoring plates (3) are installed in the areas of the first step (21), the second step (22) in the original river channel (100) area and part of the third step (23), and the submerged plants (200) are planted on the anchoring plates (3).

3. The ecological reconstruction system for a fast-flowing water section according to claim 2, characterized in that: In the area of the widened section (1) of the second step (22) and part of the area of the third step (23), a number of planting bases (4) are installed, and the emergent plants (300) are planted in the planting bases (4); The planting base (4) includes a planting cylinder (41) and a conical base (42). The conical base (42) is detachably installed below the planting cylinder (41), and the emergent plants (300) are placed in the planting cylinder (41) and the conical base (42).

4. An ecological restoration system for a fast-flowing water section according to claim 3, characterized in that: The anchoring plate (3) includes a hollow plate (31) and a number of anchoring nails (32) arranged on the hollow plate (31). The anchoring nails (32) are used for anchoring to the river bottom, and the hollow plate (31) is in close contact with the river bottom sediment; A limiting net (33) is rotatably arranged on the hollow plate (31), and the submerged plants (200) are laid in the area between the limiting net (33) and the hollow plate (31).

5. The ecological restoration system for a fast-flowing water section according to claim 4, wherein: A sand - accumulating plate (34) is arranged on the periphery of the hollow plate (31). The bottom wall of the sand - accumulating plate (34) abuts against the river bottom, and the top end extends out of the surface of the hollow plate (31).

6. The ecological restoration system for a fast-flowing water section according to claim 5, characterized in that: Anchoring piles (43) are arranged around the periphery of the conical base (42), and the anchoring piles (43) are used for inserting into the river bottom; a number of through - holes (421) for the roots of the emergent plants (300) to penetrate through are formed on the side wall of the conical base (42).

7. The ecological reconstruction system for a fast-flowing water section according to claim 6, wherein: The whole of the anchoring plate (3) and the planting base (4) is made of biodegradable materials, and superabsorbent resin is mixed in the anchoring plate (3) and the planting base (4), and a hydrophilic coating is also coated on the surface.

8. An ecological restoration system for a fast-flowing water section according to claim 6, characterized in that: Plant growth nutrient components are mixed inside the conical base (42), the part of the anchoring plate (3) and the sand - accumulating plate (34) facing the upstream side of the hollow plate (31), and the nutrient components are slowly released along with the degradation of the conical base (42) and the anchoring plate (3).

9. The ecological restoration system for a fast-flowing water section according to claim 2, characterized in that: A tie - ring (5) is arranged between two adjacent anchoring plates (3).

10. An ecological restoration system for a section with rapid water flow according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sludge accumulation weir (6) is provided at one end of each of the first step (21), the second step (22), and the third step (23) facing downstream.

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