A water-drop type stair optimization construction method based on BIM and point cloud model

Abstract

The application discloses a water drop type stair optimization construction method based on BIM and a point cloud model, a water drop type stair structure part has been constructed, and the elevation and the axis direction of a construction site are changed compared with original design drawings; an existing surface plate body is a hyperboloid rotating plate body, and an original design position of the plate body is occupied by part of a site construction structure. The existing construction structure is repositioned through horizontal projection, which is beneficial to guaranteeing that a subsequent BIM model is accurate and meets site construction; site structure information can be accurately captured through on-site three-dimensional scanning, which is extremely beneficial to subsequent accurate proportioning; the BIM model after proportioning guarantees that the surface plate body meets design requirements and can meet size and positioning requirements of site construction, which is beneficial to guaranteeing that the positioning of the surface plate body is accurate and implementable; a steel frame model is derived through reverse derivation, which is beneficial to guaranteeing that the surface plate body is fixedly installed and convenient in construction, and the steel frame top simultaneously serves as a suspended ceiling framework, which further saves construction cost and procedures.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of BIM software comprehensive application, and particularly relates to a water-drop type stair optimization construction method based on BIM and a point cloud model. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the increasing complexity of modern architectural design and the continuous improvement of aesthetic requirements, the sculptural stair, as a unique and beautiful architectural element, gradually occupies an important position in architectural design. However, its complex geometric shape and precise construction requirements bring great challenges to traditional construction methods; in addition, the problem of structural differences in the construction site is not conducive to the decoration and construction of the site. How to ensure the accuracy of construction positioning based on BIM model technology during the construction of water-drop type stairs, and to adapt to the existing construction structure and other technical problems need to be designed. SUMMARY

[0003] The present application provides a water-drop type stair optimization construction method based on BIM and a point cloud model, which solves the technical problems of positioning accuracy, design requirements and installation and fixation of the surface panel body of the water-drop type stair.

[0004] To achieve the above purpose, the present application adopts the following technical solutions:

[0005] The water-drop type stair structure has been constructed, and the elevation and axis direction of the construction site are different from the original design drawing, and the original design position of the surface panel body is occupied by the construction structure on site; the surface panel body is a water-drop type hyperboloid rotating panel body;

[0006] The water-drop type stair optimization construction method based on BIM and a point cloud model has the following specific steps:

[0007] Step one, due to the structural differences in height and horizontal direction between the construction site and the original design drawing, the constructed stair structure and the floor are surveyed on site; the water-drop stair structure and its related structures constructed on site are projected horizontally by using high-precision measuring equipment, and the point positions are measured and marked by using a plane rectangular coordinate system; then the point position data is arranged on the CAD drawing;

[0008] Step two, based on the on-site survey, three-dimensional point cloud scanning is performed to obtain point cloud data and construct a data model;

[0009] Step three, according to the horizontal projection CAD drawing in step one, the design idea of the surface panel body blueprint is combined to establish an initial version of the BIM model of the hyperboloid water-drop stair structure containing the surface panel body;

[0010] Step four, since the coordinate system and the center axis of the initial BIM model are consistent with the coordinate system and the center axis of the site, the initial BIM model is matched with the point cloud model, and the initial BIM model is adjusted to match the point cloud model scanned on site;

[0011] Step five, adjust the outer curved surface of the surface panel body in the initial BIM model so that the curved surface meets the design modeling requirements; confirm the modeling of the water drop staircase surface panel body to form the final BIM model;

[0012] Step six, based on the final BIM model, the determined final BIM model is inversely deduced according to the plane projection line, and a steel frame model is established based on the final BIM model; then guide the on-site steel frame construction;

[0013] Step seven, during on-site construction, the surface panel body is located on the steel frame, and the gap between the surface panel bodies is repaired with a joint filler, thereby completing the construction of the water drop type staircase surface panel body based on BIM on site.

[0014] Further, the surface panel body is a GRG panel, and the GRG panel is divided into blocks and arranged in a hyperboloid rotation shape, and is arranged in a water drop shape below the corner platform, horizontally concave to one side and rotationally extended to the ceiling unit at both ends.

[0015] Further, in step one, a total station and a laser range finder are used for horizontal orthographic projection, and the outer contour of the staircase structure and the corner platform that have been constructed on site are measured and marked with points using a plane rectangular coordinate system.

[0016] Further, in step two, a three-dimensional laser scanner is used to scan the construction site to obtain accurate three-dimensional data of the staircase structure and the surrounding environment; the three-dimensional data provides real-time site information for the BIM model, determines the differences between the design and the actual construction, and adjusts; the three-dimensional point cloud data obtained by scanning is compared with the model in Rhino software.

[0017] Further, in step four, the completed staircase surface on site is matched with the completed staircase surface in the initial BIM model when matching the initial BIM model with the point cloud model scanned on site.

[0018] Further, in step seven, a steel frame model is separately generated in the BIM model, and the generated three-dimensional steel frame model guides the on-site construction; the upper steel frame in the steel frame model also serves as the keel framework of the ceiling unit.

[0019] Further, based on the confirmed final BIM model, the sat file format interaction function of Rhino software and Revit software is used to position the water drop staircase glass railing unit in Revit software; the glass railing unit is segmented according to the modeling arc line reserved during the surface panel body modeling design process.

[0020] Further, the glass railing unit is divided into a stair glass railing and a floor glass railing, the stair glass railing is divided according to the linearity of the stair; wherein the floor glass railing is divided into a corner platform and a stair opening above, the stair glass railing at the stair opening above is located above the ceiling unit and is arranged according to the surface panel body arc at the ceiling.

[0021] Further, based on the completed BIM model, deepening drawing is carried out, and the block design of the water drop decorative panel is carried out according to the installation needs, and the processing drawing is generated, then the water drop decorative panel is processed and produced according to the processing drawing, the parallel mark of the produced water drop decorative panel is marked, then the assembly is carried out on site, and the finishing coating is applied after the installation precision meets the requirements, so that the installation of the water drop type stair structure surface panel body is completed.

[0022] The beneficial effects of the present application are reflected in:

[0023] 1) The present application repositions the existing construction structure by horizontal projection, which is beneficial to ensure the accuracy of the subsequent BIM model and meet the on-site construction; the on-site three-dimensional scanning can accurately capture the on-site structure information, which is extremely beneficial to the subsequent accurate proportioning;

[0024] 2) The present application ensures that the surface panel body meets the design requirements and can meet the size and positioning requirements of the on-site construction through the proportioned BIM model, which is beneficial to ensure the positioning accuracy and implementability of the surface panel body;

[0025] 3) The present application inversely deduces the steel frame model, which is beneficial to ensure the fixed installation of the surface panel body and the convenience in construction, and the steel frame top also serves as the ceiling skeleton, which further saves the construction cost and process.

[0026] Other features and advantages of the present application will be set forth in the following description, and in part will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the description, or can be learned by practice of the present application; the main purpose and other advantages of the present application can be realized and obtained through the solutions specially pointed out in the description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a preliminary BIM model;

[0028] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the process of on-site three-dimensional scanning;

[0029] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the final BIM model of the surface panel body;

[0030] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the BIM model containing the glass railing unit;

[0031] Figure 5 is a water droplet stair deepening design Figure 1 ;

[0032] Figure 6 is a water droplet stair deepening design Figure 2 ;

[0033] Figure 7 is a steel frame model schematic diagram.

[0034] The figure shows: 1 - surface plate, 2 - glass railing unit, 21 - stair glass railing, 22 - floor glass railing, 3 - stair structure, 4 - ceiling unit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] Taking a conference center as an example, the total construction area is about 420,000 square meters. The water droplet stair on the north side of the main hall on L2 is a hyperbolic surface rotating shape. After comparing the construction site water droplet stair with the detailed blueprint, there is about 60mm horizontal deviation between the arc platform and the stair section data and the blueprint positioning size. The original design position of the plate body is occupied by part of the site construction structure; it cannot meet the positioning requirements of detailed construction, and the overall modeling of the site needs to be deepened after the detailed design before construction.

[0036] Among them, the surface plate 1 of the water droplet stair is a GRG plate, which is assembled in blocks to form a hyperbolic surface rotating shape, and under the corner platform, it forms a water droplet shape, horizontally concave to one side and rotatingly extended to the ceiling unit 4 at both ends.

[0037] In combination with Figures 1 to 7 , a water droplet type stair optimization construction method based on BIM and point cloud model is further illustrated, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0038] Step one, due to the structural differences in height and horizontal direction between the construction site and the original design drawing, the site survey is carried out for the constructed stair structure 3 and the floor; the high-precision measuring equipment is used to carry out horizontal orthographic projection layout for the water droplet stair structure 3 and its related structures constructed on site, and the point position is measured and marked by using the plane rectangular coordinate system; then the point position data is arranged on the CAD drawing.

[0039] For step one, the total station and laser range finder are used to carry out horizontal orthographic projection layout, and the outer contour of the stair structure 3 and the corner platform that have been constructed is measured and marked by using the plane rectangular coordinate system; 253 points are measured and marked by using the plane rectangular coordinate system.

[0040] Step two, based on the site survey, three-dimensional point cloud scanning is carried out, point cloud data is obtained and a data model is constructed. In step two, the construction site is scanned by a three-dimensional laser scanner to obtain accurate three-dimensional data of the stair structure 3 and the surrounding environment; the three-dimensional data provides real-time site information for the BIM model, determines the differences between the design and the actual construction, and adjusts; the three-dimensional point cloud data obtained by scanning is compared in the Rhino software.

[0041] Step three, according to the CAD drawing of horizontal orthographic projection in step one, combined with the design idea of the surface panel 1 blueprint, the initial version of the BIM model of the hyperboloid water droplet stair structure 3 containing the surface panel 1 is established.

[0042] Step four, since the coordinate system and the central axis of the initial version of the BIM model are consistent with the coordinate system and the central axis of the site, the initial version of the BIM model is compared with the point cloud model, and the initial version of the BIM model is adjusted to match the point cloud model scanned on site.

[0043] In step four, the initial version of the BIM model is matched with the point cloud model scanned on site.

[0044] Step five, adjust the outer curved surface of the surface panel 1 in the initial version of the BIM model so that the curved surface meets the design modeling requirements; confirm the modeling of the water droplet stair surface panel 1 to form the final BIM model.

[0045] Step six, based on the final BIM model, the steel frame model is established according to the plane projection line and the reverse steel frame projection line; then guide the construction of the steel frame on site.

[0046] Step seven, during the construction on site, the surface panel 1 is placed on the steel frame, and the gap between the surface panels 1 is repaired with a gap filler, thereby completing the construction of the water droplet type stair surface panel 1 based on BIM on site.

[0047] In step seven, the steel frame model is generated separately in the BIM model, and the generated three-dimensional steel frame model guides the construction on site; the upper steel frame in the steel frame model serves as the keel skeleton of the suspended ceiling unit 4.

[0048] Based on the final BIM model confirmed to be completed, the sat file format interaction function of Rhino software and Revit software is used to position the water droplet stair glass railing 21 unit 2 in Revit software; the glass railing unit 2 is segmented according to the modeling arc line reserved in the surface panel 1 modeling design process.

[0049] In this embodiment, the glass railing unit 2 is divided into stair glass railing 21 and floor glass railing 22, the stair glass railing 21 is divided according to the linearity of the stairs; wherein the floor glass railing 22 is divided into corner platform and upper stair doorway, the stair glass railing 21 at the upper stair doorway is located above the ceiling unit 4 and is arranged according to the arc of the surface panel 1 at the ceiling.

[0050] In this embodiment, the water droplet stair glass is segmented according to the modeling arc reserved in the GRG modeling design process, and there are 63 segmented parts in total, the minimum arc length is 440mm, the arc length radius is 2004mm, the maximum arc length is 1367mm, and the arc length radius is 73259mm. In order to ensure the accuracy of subsequent glass block and railing solid column positioning, the arc division is performed during the water droplet stair GRG modeling deepening process. The glass block plan design standard block in the corner platform area is 13 blocks, and the non-standard block is 4 blocks, and the glass arc design is 1200mm.

[0051] In this embodiment, based on the completed BIM model, the deepening drawing is performed as shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6 According to the installation needs, the water droplet decorative panel is segmented and designed, and the processing drawing is generated, and then the optimized processing is performed according to the processing drawing and the production is performed; the segmented water droplet decorative panel is marked in parallel, and then the assembly is performed on site, and after the installation precision meets the requirements, the surface coating is uniformly applied, thereby completing the installation of the surface panel 1 of the water droplet type stair structure 3.

[0052] The above only describes the preferred specific embodiments of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto, any changes or replacements within the technical range disclosed by the present application should be covered within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An optimized construction method for a teardrop-shaped staircase based on BIM and point cloud models, characterized in that, The teardrop-shaped staircase structure has been completed, but the elevation and axis of the construction site have changed from the original design drawings. The original design position of the surface panel has been occupied by the on-site construction structure. The surface panel is a teardrop-shaped hyperboloid rotating panel. The surface panel is a GRG board, which is assembled in sections in a hyperboloid rotational arrangement. It is teardrop-shaped below the corner platform, horizontally concave to one side and extending to the ceiling unit at both ends. The optimized construction method for teardrop-shaped stairs based on BIM and point cloud models is as follows: Step 1: Conduct an on-site survey of the constructed staircase structure and floor; use high-precision measuring equipment to lay out the horizontal orthographic projection of the on-site teardrop staircase structure and its related structures, and use a plane rectangular coordinate system to measure and mark the points; then organize the data of the points on CAD drawings; In step one, a total station and a laser rangefinder are used on site to perform horizontal orthographic projection layout. The outer contours of the already constructed stair structure and corner platform are measured and marked on site using a plane rectangular coordinate system. Step 2: Based on the on-site survey, perform a 3D point cloud scan to obtain point cloud data and construct a data model; In step two, the construction site is scanned using a 3D laser scanner to obtain accurate 3D data of the stair structure and surrounding environment. The 3D data provides real-time site information for the BIM model, identifies the differences between the design and the actual construction, and makes adjustments. The 3D point cloud data obtained from the scan is then compared with the model in Rhino software. Based on the confirmed final BIM model, the SAT file format interaction function between Rhino and Revit software is used to locate the teardrop staircase glass railing unit in Revit software. The glass railing units are segmented according to the pre-defined curved lines in the surface panel design process; Step 3: Based on the CAD drawings of the horizontal orthographic projection in Step 1, and combined with the design concept of the surface panel blueprint, establish the initial BIM model of the hyperboloid teardrop staircase structure, which includes the surface panel. Step 4: Since the coordinate system and centerline of the initial BIM model are consistent with the coordinate system and centerline of the site, compare the initial BIM model with the point cloud model and adjust the initial BIM model to match the point cloud model scanned on site. When matching the initial BIM model with the point cloud model scanned on site in step four, the completed stair surface on site is matched with the completed stair surface in the initial BIM model. Step 5: Adjust the outer curved surface of the surface panel in the initial BIM model to meet the design requirements; confirm the shape of the teardrop staircase surface panel to form the final BIM model; Step 6: Based on the final BIM model, reverse the projection lines of the steel frame from the planar projection lines to create a steel frame model; then guide the on-site steel frame construction. Step 7: During on-site construction, the surface panels are placed on the steel frame, and the gaps between the surface panels are repaired with sealant. This completes the on-site construction of the teardrop-shaped staircase surface panels based on BIM.

2. The optimized construction method for a teardrop-shaped staircase based on BIM and point cloud model as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step seven, a steel frame model is generated separately in the BIM model, and the generated three-dimensional steel frame model guides the on-site construction; the upper steel frame in the steel frame model also serves as the keel skeleton of the ceiling unit.

3. The optimized construction method for a teardrop-shaped staircase based on BIM and point cloud model as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The glass railing unit is divided into stair glass railings and floor glass railings. The stair glass railings are standardized according to the linearity of the staircase. The floor glass railings are divided into corner landings and upper staircase entrances. The stair glass railings at the upper staircase entrances are located above the ceiling unit and are set according to the curvature of the ceiling surface panel.

4. The optimized construction method for a teardrop-shaped staircase based on BIM and point cloud model as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the confirmed BIM model, detailed drawings are produced, and the teardrop-shaped decorative panels are designed in sections according to the installation requirements. Processing drawings are then generated, and the processing is optimized and carried out according to the processing drawings. The produced teardrop-shaped decorative panels are numbered in parallel and then assembled on site. After the installation accuracy meets the requirements, the decorative coating is applied uniformly, thus completing the installation of the teardrop-shaped staircase structure surface panels.

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