Flaw detection wheel detection platform

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of steel rail flaw detection, in particular to a flaw detection wheel detection platform. Comprising a flaw detection platform, a detection rail is arranged on the flaw detection platform in the X-axis direction, an X-axis displacement assembly, a Y-axis displacement assembly, a Z-axis displacement assembly, a horizontal transmission frame, a flaw detection mounting frame, a flaw detection mechanism, a cleaning mechanism and a touch display screen are fixedly installed on the flaw detection platform, and the horizontal transmission frame and the flaw detection mounting frame are installed on the X-axis displacement assembly. The flaw detection mechanism comprises an ultrasonic detection wheel, an eddy current sensor and a visual detector, a differential detection assembly and a pressure detection assembly are mounted on the ultrasonic detection wheel, and the pressure detection assembly comprises a ventilation pipeline, and a first pressure sensor, a pneumatic spring and a bearing seat which are arranged on two sides of the ultrasonic detection wheel. Omnibearing detection of internal, surface and near-surface defects of the steel rail is realized, a self-adaptive adjustment mechanism is provided, and the stability of the detection process is ensured; impurities on the surface of the steel rail can be cleaned comprehensively; and good surface conditions and coupling effects are provided for flaw detection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of rail detection platforms, and more particularly to a flaw detection wheel detection platform. Background Art

[0002] As a key infrastructure for railway transportation, the quality of rails directly affects the safety and stability of train operation. However, during long-term use, rails are subjected to repeated rolling, wear, corrosion, etc. by trains, resulting in various internal and surface defects such as cracks, pores, wear, etc. If these defects are not detected and processed in time, they may gradually expand and eventually lead to serious safety accidents.

[0003] Currently, the widely used ultrasonic detection technology in rail flaw detection mainly emits high-frequency sound waves into the rail interior through ultrasonic probes and determines the position and size of internal defects based on the reflected wave signals. In traditional ultrasonic detection devices, ultrasonic probes are often installed in a fixed or manually movable manner, suffering from problems such as low detection efficiency, unstable contact pressure, and being easily interfered by impurities on the rail surface. In recent years, to improve the detection efficiency, some devices have adopted an ultrasonic detection wheel structure to continuously scan the rail surface through a rolling contact method. However, the existing ultrasonic detection wheels in the prior art still have the following limitations:

[0004] Insufficient contact pressure control: Traditional ultrasonic detection wheels usually rely on mechanical springs or gravity to adjust the contact pressure, making it difficult to dynamically adapt to the unevenness or wear changes of the rail surface, resulting in large fluctuations in detection signals and prone to missed detections or false judgments. Unstable coupling effect: Ultrasonic detection relies on a coupling agent to fill the gap between the probe and the rail surface to conduct sound waves, but the spraying method of the coupling agent in existing devices is rough, prone to uneven spraying or excessive waste, affecting the detection accuracy. Differential speed problem: When the moving speed of the detection device does not match the rolling speed of the ultrasonic detection wheel, it may cause the wheel body to slip or jam, resulting in misalignment of detection data and even damage to the surface of the detection wheel. Dependence on manual labor for surface cleaning: Rust, oil stains, or foreign objects on the rail surface will hinder the effective contact between the ultrasonic detection wheel and the rail, and existing devices lack an automated cleaning mechanism, requiring frequent shutdowns for cleaning, seriously affecting the detection efficiency.

[0005] In addition, the existing ultrasonic detection wheels in the prior art mostly work independently and fail to cooperate efficiently with other detection means such as eddy current detection and visual detection, resulting in insufficient detection capabilities for surface and near-surface defects of rails and being difficult to achieve multimodal data fusion analysis. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Based on this, it is necessary to provide a flaw detection wheel detection platform for the problems in the prior art.

[0007] To solve the problems in the prior art, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0008] The present invention provides a flaw detection wheel detection platform, including a flaw detection platform, a detection track is arranged on the flaw detection platform along the X-axis direction, a steel rail is arranged in the detection track, an X, Y, and Z three-axis displacement assembly is fixedly installed on the flaw detection platform, the three-axis displacement assembly includes a horizontal transmission frame capable of lateral displacement along the X-axis and a flaw detection mounting frame arranged on the horizontal transmission frame, the flaw detection device also includes a flaw detection mechanism and a cleaning mechanism and both are installed on the flaw detection mounting frame, a touch display screen electrically connected to the cleaning mechanism, the flaw detection mechanism and the three-axis displacement assembly is arranged on the flaw detection platform, the flaw detection mechanism includes an ultrasonic detection wheel elastically installed on the flaw detection mounting frame, an eddy current sensor and a fixed A visual detector is installed on a flaw detection mounting frame, and two groups of eddy current sensors are provided and are respectively located on both sides of the rail. The ultrasonic detection wheel is connected to the two eddy current sensors through a transmission extrusion assembly. A differential detection assembly and a pressure detection assembly are installed on the ultrasonic detection wheel. The pressure detection assembly includes a ventilation duct and a first pressure sensor, a pneumatic spring and a bearing seat arranged on both sides of the ultrasonic detection wheel. One end of the ventilation duct is connected to an air source, and the other end is respectively connected to two pneumatic springs. Two bearing seats are arranged at two axial ends of the ultrasonic detection wheel. The first pressure sensor is fixedly installed between the pneumatic spring and the bearing seat, and the differential detection assembly is arranged on the flaw detection mounting frame.

[0009] Preferably, the flaw detection platform is also provided with two horizontal sliding frames symmetrically arranged on both sides of the rail, the horizontal sliding frames are fixedly connected to the horizontal transmission frame, the horizontal sliding frame and the surface of the flaw detection platform are slidably arranged along the X-axis direction, the flaw detection mechanism also includes two eddy current generators fixedly mounted on the two horizontal sliding frames, respectively, the eddy current generators are electrically connected to the corresponding eddy current sensors, the transmission extrusion assembly is provided with two groups and respectively cooperates with the two horizontal sliding frames, the transmission extrusion assembly includes a resistance extrusion plate, a horizontal sliding seat and a first hinged rod, the resistance extrusion plate is slidably arranged on the horizontal sliding frame, the resistance extrusion plate is transmission-connected to the ultrasonic detection wheel, the horizontal sliding seat is located on the side of the horizontal sliding frame close to the rail, one end of the first hinged rod is hinged to the bottom of the resistance extrusion plate, and the other end of the first hinged rod is hinged to the horizontal sliding seat, the eddy current sensor is horizontally fixedly mounted on the horizontal sliding seat, a second pressure sensor is provided on the horizontal sliding seat, the eddy current sensor is elastically matched with the first hinged rod, the horizontal sliding seat is slidably matched with the horizontal sliding frame, and the sliding direction is perpendicular to the length direction of the rail, and the horizontal sliding frame is also provided with a vertical slide groove for lifting and lowering the resistance extrusion plate.

[0010] Preferably, the horizontal sliding seat is composed of a transmission plate, a mounting plate, a telescopic limit rod and a first spring. The second pressure sensor and the eddy current sensor are both fixedly mounted on the mounting plate. The transmission plate is slidably arranged on the horizontal sliding frame. The mounting plate is located at the end of the transmission plate close to the rail. The length direction of the telescopic limit rod is consistent with the sliding direction of the horizontal sliding seat. The two ends of the telescopic limit rod are respectively fixedly connected to the mounting plate and the horizontal sliding frame. The two ends of the first spring are respectively fixedly connected to the transmission plate and the mounting plate. The end of the first hinged rod away from the abutting extrusion plate is hinged to the transmission plate. A telescopic transmission rod is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the bearing seat, and the other end of the telescopic transmission rod is fixedly connected to the abutting extrusion plate.

[0011] Preferably, the differential detection assembly includes a grating detection device, a detection disk, an electromagnetic clutch and a rotary compensation motor. The rotary compensation motor is fixedly mounted on one of the bearing seats. The output end of the rotary compensation motor is connected to the shaft end of the ultrasonic detection wheel through an electromagnetic clutch. The detection disk is coaxially fixedly mounted on one side of the ultrasonic detection wheel. A graduation detection groove is provided in a ring shape on the detection disk. A grating detection device is provided directly above the detection disk. The grating detection device is fixedly mounted on the flaw detection mounting frame.

[0012] Preferably, laser sensors are installed on both sides of the detection track, and an inclination sensor is also fixedly installed on the flaw detection mounting frame.

[0013] Preferably, the flaw detection mounting frame is fixedly connected with an extension plate along the X-axis direction, the cleaning mechanism is installed on the extension plate, and the cleaning mechanism is provided with a coupling agent spraying device, a spinning wire brush and an obstacle removal blade in sequence along the flaw detection direction. The obstacle removal blade is installed on the extension plate with an adjustable angle, the wire brush is installed on the extension plate for vertical rotation, and the coupling agent spraying device is fixedly installed on the extension plate.

[0014] Preferably, the cleaning mechanism also includes a rotary drive, a rotating shaft and an annular exhaust hood, the rotary drive is vertically fixedly mounted on the extension plate, the output end of the rotary drive is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft, the wire brush is coaxially fixedly mounted on the bottom end of the rotating shaft, the annular exhaust hood is sleeved on the outside of the wire brush, the annular exhaust hood is connected to an external vacuum pump, a telescopic section is provided in the middle of the rotating shaft, a second spring is sleeved on the telescopic section, and the annular exhaust hood is installed below the telescopic section.

[0015] Preferably, the coupling agent spraying device includes a flat-mouth coating nozzle and a scraper. The flat-mouth coating nozzle is fixedly mounted on the extension plate, and the scraper is vertically slidably arranged on one side of the extension plate close to the ultrasonic detection wheel. The scraper is transmission-connected to the bearing seat through a connecting rod.

[0016] Preferably, the cleaning mechanism also includes an adjustment component that is transmission-connected to the obstacle removal blade, and the adjustment component is mounted on the extension plate.

[0017] Preferably, the adjusting assembly includes a linear actuator, a push rod, a hinged mounting plate, a mounting column and a limiting spring. The hinged mounting plate is hingedly mounted on the extension plate. The linear actuator is fixedly mounted on the hinged mounting plate. The output end of the linear actuator is fixedly connected to the push rod. One end of the push rod away from the linear actuator is hinged to the obstacle clearing blade. The mounting column is fixedly mounted on the extension plate. One end of the obstacle clearing blade is hinged to the mounting column. An angle limiting plate is fixedly provided at one end of the mounting column away from the extension plate. The obstacle clearing blade is elastically connected to the angle limiting plate provided on the mounting column through a limiting spring.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the present invention compared with the prior art are as follows:

[0019] 1. The present invention comprehensively uses an ultrasonic detection wheel, an eddy current sensor and a vision detector to achieve a full - range detection of internal, surface and near - surface defects of the rail, and fuses multi - modal detection data, greatly improving the detection ability of various types of defects, realizing the automatic operation of flaw detection, reducing manual intervention, improving the detection efficiency, and reducing the labor cost and the misjudgment rate caused by human factors.

[0020] 2. The present invention has an adaptive adjustment mechanism. The pressure detection component dynamically adjusts the contact pressure between the ultrasonic detection wheel and the rail through a pneumatic spring and a first pressure sensor to ensure the stability of the detection process; the differential detection component automatically adjusts the rotation speed of the ultrasonic detection wheel according to the surface state of the rail to avoid slipping or missing detection.

[0021] 3. The cleaning mechanism uses a variety of cleaning methods such as a coupling agent spraying device, a self - rotating wire brush, and an obstacle clearing blade to work together to comprehensively clean the impurities on the surface of the rail; the flat - mouth coating nozzle and the leveling knife of the coupling agent spraying device cooperate to improve the coating quality and uniformity of the coupling agent, providing good surface conditions and coupling effects for flaw detection, and further improving the detection accuracy. Description of the Drawings

[0022] Figure 1 is a three - dimensional structure schematic diagram of a flaw detection wheel detection platform Figure 1 ;

[0023] Figure 2 is a three - dimensional structure schematic diagram of a flaw detection wheel detection platform Figure 2 ;

[0024] Figure 3 is a partial three - dimensional structure schematic diagram of a flaw detection wheel detection platform;

[0025] Figure 4 is a three - dimensional structure schematic diagram of the flaw detection mechanism in a flaw detection wheel detection platform;

[0026] Figure 5 is a side view of the flaw detection mechanism in a flaw detection wheel detection platform;

[0027] Figure 6 It is a partial three-dimensional structural diagram of a flaw detection mechanism and a cleaning mechanism in a flaw detection wheel inspection platform;

[0028] Figure 7 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a cleaning mechanism in a flaw detection wheel testing platform;

[0029] Figure 8 It is a front view of an adjustment component in a flaw detection wheel inspection platform;

[0030] Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of a partial three-dimensional structure of a cleaning mechanism in a flaw detection wheel testing platform;

[0031] Figure 10 The present invention is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a coupling agent spraying device in a flaw detection wheel testing platform.

[0032] The numbers in the figure are:

[0033] 1. Flaw detection platform; 2. Detection track; 3. Rail; 4. Three-axis displacement assembly; 5. Horizontal transmission frame; 6. Flaw detection mounting frame; 7. Cleaning mechanism; 8. Flaw detection mechanism; 9. Touch screen; 10. Ultrasonic detection wheel; 11. Eddy current sensor; 12. Visual detector; 13. Transmission extrusion assembly; 14. Differential detection assembly; 15. Pressure detection assembly; 16. Ventilation duct; 17. First pressure sensor; 18. Pneumatic spring; 19. Bearing seat; 20. Horizontal sliding frame; 21. Eddy current generator; 22. Confrontation extrusion plate; 23. Horizontal sliding seat; 24. First hinged rod; 25. Second Pressure sensor; 26, telescopic limit rod; 27, first spring; 28, telescopic transmission rod; 29, grating detection device; 30, detection plate; 31, electromagnetic clutch; 32, rotation compensation motor; 33, extension plate; 34, wire brush; 35, obstacle removal blade; 36, rotation drive; 37, rotating shaft; 38, annular exhaust hood; 39, second spring; 40, flat-mouth coating nozzle; 41, scraper; 42, linear drive; 43, push rod; 44, hinged mounting plate; 45, mounting column; 46, limit spring; 47, angle limit plate; 48, connecting rod; 49, transmission plate; 50, mounting plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] In order to further understand the features, technical means, specific objectives and functions of the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0035] like Figure 1 - Figure 10The flaw detection wheel detection platform shown in the figure includes a flaw detection platform 1, a detection track 2 is arranged on the flaw detection platform 1 along the X-axis direction, a steel rail 3 is arranged in the detection track 2, an X, Y, Z three-axis displacement component 4 is fixedly installed on the flaw detection platform 1, the three-axis displacement component 4 includes a horizontal transmission frame 5 that can be displaced laterally along the X-axis and a flaw detection mounting frame 6 arranged on the horizontal transmission frame 5, the flaw detection device also includes a flaw detection mechanism 8 and a cleaning mechanism 7 and both are installed on the flaw detection mounting frame 6, the flaw detection platform 1 is provided with a touch screen 9 that is electrically connected to the cleaning mechanism 7, the flaw detection mechanism 8 and the three-axis displacement component 4, the flaw detection mechanism 8 includes an ultrasonic detection wheel 10 elastically installed on the flaw detection mounting frame 6, an eddy current sensor 11 and a visual sensor fixedly installed on the flaw detection mounting frame 6 The ultrasonic detection wheel 10 is connected to the two eddy current sensors 11 through a transmission extrusion assembly 13. The ultrasonic detection wheel 10 is equipped with a differential detection assembly 14 and a pressure detection assembly 15. The pressure detection assembly 15 includes a ventilation duct 16 and a first pressure sensor 17, a pneumatic spring 18 and a bearing seat 19 arranged on both sides of the ultrasonic detection wheel 10. One end of the ventilation duct 16 is connected to the air source, and the other end is connected to the two pneumatic springs 18 respectively. The two bearing seats 19 are arranged at the two axial ends of the ultrasonic detection wheel 10. The first pressure sensor 17 is fixedly installed between the pneumatic spring 18 and the bearing seat 19. The differential detection assembly 14 is arranged on the flaw detection mounting frame 6.

[0036] The rail flaw detection device controls the X, Y, and Z three-axis displacement component 4 to drive the flaw detection mounting frame 6 to move along the detection track 2 through the touch display screen 9, and uses the high-frequency vibration wave generated by the contact between the ultrasonic detection wheel 10 and the surface of the rail 3 to penetrate the inside of the rail 3, and cooperates with the eddy current sensors 11 on both sides to synchronously detect the surface and near-surface defects of the rail 3. At the same time, the visual detector 12 collects the appearance image of the rail 3 in real time, and the three form a multi-modal detection data fusion; the pressure detection component 15 dynamically adjusts the contact pressure between the ultrasonic detection wheel 10 and the rail 3 through the pneumatic spring 18 and the first pressure sensor 17 to ensure the detection stability, the differential detection component 14 automatically adjusts the rotation speed of the ultrasonic detection wheel 10 according to the surface state of the rail 3 to avoid slipping or missed detection, and the cleaning mechanism 7 synchronously removes impurities on the surface of the rail 3 to improve the detection accuracy, and finally realizes all-round and high-precision automatic flaw detection of the rail 3, effectively improving the detection efficiency and reliability, reducing manual intervention and reducing the misjudgment rate.

[0037] The flaw detection platform 1 is also provided with two horizontal sliding frames 20 symmetrically arranged on both sides of the rail 3. The horizontal sliding frames 20 are fixedly connected to the horizontal transmission frame 5. The horizontal sliding frame 20 and the surface of the flaw detection platform 1 are slidably arranged along the X-axis direction. The flaw detection mechanism 8 also includes two eddy current generators 21 respectively fixedly installed on the two horizontal sliding frames 20. The eddy current generators 21 are electrically connected to the corresponding eddy current sensors 11. The transmission extrusion assembly 13 is provided with two groups and respectively cooperates with the two horizontal sliding frames 20. The transmission extrusion assembly 13 includes a contact extrusion plate 22, a horizontal sliding seat 23 and a first hinged rod 24. The contact extrusion plate 22 is slidably arranged on the horizontal sliding frame 20. The contact and extrusion plate 22 is transmission connected to the ultrasonic detection wheel 10, the horizontal sliding seat 23 is located on the side of the horizontal sliding frame 20 close to the rail 3, one end of the first hinged rod 24 is hinged to the bottom of the contact and extrusion plate 22, and the other end of the first hinged rod 24 is hinged to the horizontal sliding seat 23, the eddy current sensor 11 is horizontally fixedly installed on the horizontal sliding seat 23, and a second pressure sensor 25 is provided on the horizontal sliding seat 23. The eddy current sensor 11 is elastically matched with the first hinged rod 24, the horizontal sliding seat 23 is slidably matched with the horizontal sliding frame 20, and the sliding direction is perpendicular to the length direction of the rail 3. The horizontal sliding frame 20 is also provided with a vertical sliding groove for the contact and extrusion plate 22 to be raised and lowered.

[0038] Horizontal sliding frames 20 are provided on both sides of the flaw detection platform 1, which are connected to the horizontal transmission frame 5 and can slide along the X-axis. The flaw detection mechanism 8 is equipped with an eddy current generator 21 on the horizontal sliding frame 20, which cooperates with the corresponding eddy current sensor 11 to detect surface defects of the rail 3 from both sides. The transmission extrusion assembly 13 includes a contact extrusion plate 22, a horizontal sliding seat 23 and a first hinged rod 24. The contact extrusion plate 22 is driven by the lifting process of the ultrasonic detection wheel 10, and the contact extrusion plate 22 drives the first hinged rod 24 to deflect, thereby driving the horizontal sliding seat 23 to slide horizontally, and the eddy current generator 21 elastically connected thereto is connected to the horizontal sliding seat 23. The sensor 11 can adjust its position accordingly, and the second pressure sensor 25 can ensure that the detection distance and pressure are appropriate, thereby improving the detection accuracy and reliability. Since the eddy current sensor 11 and the first hinged rod 24 are elastically matched, it can be ensured that after the eddy current sensor 11 abuts against the rail 3, the ultrasonic detection wheel 10 still has a certain lifting and adjusting height, thereby preventing interference with the lifting process of the ultrasonic detection wheel 10. Through the movement of the three-axis displacement component 4, the ultrasonic detection wheel 10 and the eddy current sensor 11 can be driven to move to the detection position against the rail 3 at the same time.

[0039] The horizontal sliding seat 23 is composed of a transmission plate 49, a mounting plate 50, a telescopic limiting rod 26 and a first spring 27. The second pressure sensor 25 and the eddy current sensor 11 are both fixedly installed on the mounting plate 50. The transmission plate 49 is slidably arranged on the horizontal sliding frame 20. The mounting plate 50 is located at one end of the transmission plate 49 close to the rail 3. The length direction of the telescopic limiting rod 26 is consistent with the sliding direction of the horizontal sliding seat 23. The two ends of the telescopic limiting rod 26 are respectively fixedly connected to the mounting plate 50 and the horizontal sliding frame 20. The two ends of the first spring 27 are respectively fixedly connected to the transmission plate 49 and the mounting plate 50. The end of the first hinge rod 24 away from the contact extrusion plate 22 is hinged to the transmission plate 49. A telescopic transmission rod 28 is fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the bearing seat 19. The other end of the telescopic transmission rod 28 is fixedly connected to the contact extrusion plate 22.

[0040] The telescopic limiting rod 26 can limit the sliding range of the mounting plate 50; the first spring 27 is used to ensure that the transmission extrusion assembly 13 still has a certain displacement stroke after the eddy current sensor 11 contacts the rail 3, that is, the ultrasonic detection wheel 10 can adjust its height within the elastic stroke of the first spring 27 to prevent interference. The first spring 27 can also play a buffering and resetting role. The contact extrusion plate 22 is in transmission cooperation with the outer side wall of the bearing seat 19 through the telescopic transmission rod 28. When the height of the ultrasonic detection wheel 10 changes, it will drive the bearing seat 19 to displace synchronously. Then, through the bearing seat 19 and the fixedly connected telescopic transmission rod 28, the contact extrusion plate 22 is driven to displace in the vertical direction, realizing the extrusion process of the first hinge rod 24, and further realizing the pushing effect on the transmission plate 49 (when the transmission plate 49 displaces, the first spring 27 drives the mounting plate 50 to displace synchronously through its elastic force). At the same time, the telescopic transmission rod 28 can ensure that it will not interfere with the displacement of the flaw detection mounting frame 6 in the Y-axis direction.

[0041] The differential detection assembly 14 includes a grating detection device 29, a detection disk 30, an electromagnetic clutch 31 and a rotation compensation motor 32. The rotation compensation motor 32 is fixedly installed on one of the bearing seats 19. The output end of the rotation compensation motor 32 is connected to the shaft end of the ultrasonic detection wheel 10 through the electromagnetic clutch 31. The detection disk 30 is coaxially and fixedly installed on one side of the ultrasonic detection wheel 10. The detection disk 30 is annularly provided with indexing detection grooves. The grating detection device 29 is arranged directly above the detection disk 30. The grating detection device 29 is fixedly installed on the flaw detection mounting frame 6.

[0042] During the operation of the device, the detection disk 30 coaxially installed on one side of the ultrasonic detection wheel 10 rotates synchronously with it. The annular indexing detection groove on the detection disk 30 passes through the grating detection device 29 fixed on the flaw detection mounting frame 6, and the grating detection device 29 converts the detected rotation information into an electrical signal, thereby accurately obtaining the rotation speed and position of the ultrasonic detection wheel 10. When it is detected that there is a differential speed between the ultrasonic detection wheel 10 and the moving speed of the rail 3 surface, the rotation compensation motor 32 installed on the bearing seat 19 is started, and its output end is connected to the shaft end of the ultrasonic detection wheel 10 through the electromagnetic clutch 31, and the rotation speed of the ultrasonic detection wheel 10 can be adjusted according to the differential speed situation. This differential speed detection and compensation mechanism can avoid problems such as inaccurate detection or missed detection caused by inconsistent speeds, ensure that the ultrasonic detection wheel 10 stably and accurately performs flaw detection on the rail 3, greatly improve the accuracy and reliability of flaw detection, and enable the device to stably and efficiently complete the detection task under different working conditions.

[0043] Laser sensors are installed on both sides of the detection track 2, and an inclination sensor is also fixedly installed on the flaw detection mounting frame 6.

[0044] The inclination sensor can accurately measure the inclination angles of the flaw detection mounting frame 6 in all directions, and the laser sensor can detect whether the position of the rail 3 is properly aligned. The system can make timely adjustments based on the data fed back by these sensors, significantly reducing the detection errors caused by the attitude change of the flaw detection mounting frame 6 and improving the performance and reliability of the entire rail flaw detection device.

[0045] An extension plate 33 is fixedly connected to the flaw detection mounting frame 6 along the X-axis direction, and the cleaning mechanism 7 is installed on the extension plate 33. The cleaning mechanism 7 is sequentially provided with a coupling agent spraying device, a self-rotating wire brush 34, and a debris removal shovel 35 along the flaw detection direction. The debris removal shovel 35 is installed on the extension plate 33 with an adjustable angle, the wire brush 34 is vertically rotatably installed on the extension plate 33, and the coupling agent spraying device is fixedly installed on the extension plate 33.

[0046] When the flaw detection mounting frame 6 moves along the X-axis direction, the extension plate 33 moves accordingly, driving the cleaning mechanism 7 to clean the rail 3. The coupling agent spraying device is fixed on the extension plate 33, and the coupling agent is evenly sprayed on the surface of the rail 3 before detection, so as to improve the efficiency of sound wave conduction between the ultrasonic detection wheel 10 and the rail 3 and improve the flaw detection accuracy. The self-spinning wire brush 34 is vertically rotatably mounted on the extension plate 33, and can rotate at high speed to remove rust, dirt and other impurities on the surface of the rail 3, creating good conditions for subsequent flaw detection. The obstacle removal blade 35 is adjustable in angle mounted on the extension plate 33, and can adjust the angle according to the surface condition of the rail 3, remove larger obstacles on the surface of the rail 3, and ensure smooth flaw detection. The design of the cleaning mechanism 7 works in coordination through a variety of cleaning methods to clean the surface of the rail 3 in all directions, ensure stable and accurate detection by the flaw detection mechanism 8, effectively improve detection efficiency and reliability, and reduce detection errors and missed detection caused by unclean surface of the rail 3.

[0047] The cleaning mechanism 7 also includes a rotary driver 36, a rotating shaft 37 and an annular exhaust hood 38. The rotary driver 36 is vertically fixedly mounted on the extension plate 33. The output end of the rotary driver 36 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 37. The wire brush 34 is coaxially fixedly mounted on the bottom end of the rotating shaft 37. The annular exhaust hood 38 is sleeved on the outside of the wire brush 34. The annular exhaust hood 38 is connected to an external vacuum pump. A telescopic section is provided in the middle of the rotating shaft 37. A second spring 39 is sleeved on the telescopic section. The annular exhaust hood 38 is installed below the telescopic section.

[0048] During the flaw detection process of the rail 3, the flaw detection mounting frame 6 drives the cleaning mechanism 7 on the extension plate 33 to move. The rotary driver 36 is vertically fixed to the extension plate 33, and its output end drives the rotating shaft 37 to rotate, thereby causing the wire brush 34 coaxially mounted at the bottom of the rotating shaft 37 to spin at high speed, and strongly removes impurities such as rust and dirt on the surface of the rail 3. The telescopic section in the middle of the rotating shaft 37 and the sleeved second spring 39 enable the wire brush 34 to adapt to the unevenness of the surface of the rail 3 and always maintain a good contact cleaning effect. At the same time, the annular exhaust hood 38 sleeved on the outside of the wire brush 34 is connected to the external vacuum pump. When the wire brush 34 is cleaning, the vacuum pump works to form a negative pressure in the annular exhaust hood 38, and the impurities and debris cleaned by the wire brush 34 are promptly removed to prevent these impurities from adhering to the surface of the rail 3 again and affecting the flaw detection effect, and also prevent them from flying around and polluting the environment.

[0049] The coupling agent spraying device includes a flat-mouth coating nozzle 40 and a scraper 41. The flat-mouth coating nozzle 40 is fixedly mounted on the extension plate 33. The scraper 41 is vertically slidably arranged on one side of the extension plate 33 close to the ultrasonic detection wheel 10. The scraper 41 is transmission-connected to the bearing seat 19 via a connecting rod 48.

[0050] When the flaw detection mounting frame 6 drives the extension plate 33 to move, the flat-mouth coating nozzle 40 is fixed on the extension plate 33, and the coupling agent will be evenly sprayed on the surface of the rail 3. Since the ultrasonic detection wheel 10 needs good coupling conditions to ensure the flaw detection accuracy when working, the spraying of the coupling agent can effectively reduce the air gap between the ultrasonic detection wheel 10 and the surface of the rail 3, and improve the efficiency of sound wave transmission. The scraper 41 is vertically slidably arranged on the side of the extension plate 33 close to the ultrasonic detection wheel 10, and is fixedly connected to the bearing seat 19 through the connecting rod 48. As the height of the ultrasonic detection wheel 10 changes, (there is a gap of a certain height between the scraper 41 and the surface of the rail 3, which is used to match the coating thickness of the coupling agent after scraping), the connecting rod 48 drives the height of the scraper 41 to change synchronously, so that the coupling agent is more evenly distributed on the surface of the rail 3, avoiding the accumulation or unevenness of the coupling agent, thereby ensuring that the coupling effect between the ultrasonic detection wheel 10 and the surface of the rail 3 reaches the best state, and reducing the detection error and missed detection caused by the coupling agent coating problem.

[0051] The cleaning mechanism 7 also includes an adjusting component which is transmission-connected to the obstacle-clearing blade 35 , and the adjusting component is mounted on the extension plate 33 .

[0052] The adjustment assembly includes a linear drive 42, a push rod 43, an articulated mounting plate 44, a mounting column 45 and a limit spring 46. The articulated mounting plate 44 is articulated on the extension plate 33. The linear drive 42 is fixedly mounted on the articulated mounting plate 44. The output end of the linear drive 42 is fixedly connected to the push rod 43. The end of the push rod 43 away from the linear drive 42 is articulated to the obstacle removal blade 35. The mounting column 45 is fixedly mounted on the extension plate 33. One end of the obstacle removal blade 35 is articulated to the mounting column 45. An angle limit plate 47 is fixedly provided on the end of the mounting column 45 away from the extension plate 33. The obstacle removal blade 35 is elastically connected to the angle limit plate 47 provided on the mounting column 45 through the limit spring 46.

[0053] When the flaw detection mounting frame 6 drives the extension plate 33 to move, the cleaning mechanism 7 starts to work. When it is necessary to adjust the angle of the obstacle removal blade 35 to adapt to different surface conditions and obstacles of the rail 3, the linear drive 42 installed on the hinged mounting plate 44 is started, and its output end pushes the push rod 43 fixedly connected thereto to move, and the push rod 43 drives the obstacle removal blade 35 hinged thereto to move, and the obstacle removal blade 35 rotates around the hinge point with the mounting column 45, thereby achieving angle adjustment. At the same time, the middle part of the obstacle removal blade 35 is elastically connected to the angle limit plate 47 on the mounting column 45 through the limit spring 46. The limit spring 46 can buffer the impact force of the obstacle removal blade 35 during operation to prevent it from being damaged due to excessive swinging, and the angle limit plate 47 can limit the maximum rotation angle of the obstacle removal blade 35 to ensure that it works within a reasonable range.

[0054] The above embodiments merely represent one or several implementation manners of the present invention. The description thereof is relatively specific and detailed, but it should not be construed as a limitation to the scope of the patent for the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the concept of the present invention, several modifications and improvements can still be made, and these all fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent for the present invention shall be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. A flaw detection wheel detection platform, characterized in that, The flaw detection platform comprises a detection track arranged along the X-axis direction on the flaw detection platform, the steel rail is arranged in the detection track, an X, Y, and Z three-axis displacement assembly is fixedly installed on the flaw detection platform, the three-axis displacement assembly comprises a horizontal transmission frame capable of lateral displacement along the X-axis and a flaw detection mounting frame arranged on the horizontal transmission frame, the flaw detection device also comprises a flaw detection mechanism and a cleaning mechanism and both are installed on the flaw detection mounting frame, a touch display screen electrically connected to the cleaning mechanism, the flaw detection mechanism and the three-axis displacement assembly is arranged on the flaw detection platform, the flaw detection mechanism comprises an ultrasonic detection wheel elastically installed on the flaw detection mounting frame, an eddy current sensor and a flaw detection mounting frame fixedly installed on the flaw detection mounting frame The visual detector on the rail, two groups of eddy current sensors are arranged and are respectively located on both sides of the rail, the ultrasonic detection wheel is connected to the two eddy current sensors through a transmission extrusion assembly, a differential detection assembly and a pressure detection assembly are installed on the ultrasonic detection wheel, the pressure detection assembly includes a ventilation pipe and a first pressure sensor, a pneumatic spring and a bearing seat arranged on both sides of the ultrasonic detection wheel, one end of the ventilation pipe is connected to the air source, and the other end is respectively connected to the two pneumatic springs, the two bearing seats are arranged at the two axial ends of the ultrasonic detection wheel, the first pressure sensor is fixedly installed between the pneumatic spring and the bearing seat, and the differential detection assembly is arranged on the flaw detection mounting frame.

2. The flaw detection wheel detection platform according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flaw detection platform is also provided with two horizontal sliding frames symmetrically arranged on both sides of the rail, the horizontal sliding frames are fixedly connected to the horizontal transmission frame, the horizontal sliding frame and the surface of the flaw detection platform are slidably arranged along the X-axis direction, the flaw detection mechanism also includes two eddy current generators fixedly installed on the two horizontal sliding frames, the eddy current generators are electrically connected to the corresponding eddy current sensors, the transmission extrusion assembly is provided with two groups and respectively cooperates with the two horizontal sliding frames, the transmission extrusion assembly includes a contact extrusion plate, a horizontal sliding seat and a first hinged rod, the contact extrusion plate is slidably arranged on the horizontal sliding frame, the contact extrusion plate is transmission-connected to the ultrasonic detection wheel, the horizontal sliding seat is located on the side of the horizontal sliding frame close to the rail, one end of the first hinged rod is hinged to the bottom of the contact extrusion plate, and the other end of the first hinged rod is hinged to the horizontal sliding seat, the eddy current sensor is horizontally fixedly installed on the horizontal sliding seat, a second pressure sensor is provided on the horizontal sliding seat, the eddy current sensor is elastically matched with the first hinged rod, the horizontal sliding seat is slidably matched with the horizontal sliding frame, and the sliding direction is perpendicular to the length direction of the rail, and a vertical slide groove for lifting and lowering the contact extrusion plate is also provided on the horizontal sliding frame.

3. The flaw detection wheel detection platform according to claim 2, wherein The horizontal sliding seat is composed of a transmission plate, a mounting plate, a telescopic limit rod and a first spring. The second pressure sensor and the eddy current sensor are fixedly mounted on the mounting plate. The transmission plate is slidably arranged on the horizontal sliding frame. The mounting plate is located at the end of the transmission plate close to the rail. The length direction of the telescopic limit rod is consistent with the sliding direction of the horizontal sliding seat. The two ends of the telescopic limit rod are respectively fixedly connected to the mounting plate and the horizontal sliding frame. The two ends of the first spring are respectively fixedly connected to the transmission plate and the mounting plate. The end of the first hinged rod away from the abutting extrusion plate is hinged to the transmission plate. A telescopic transmission rod is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the bearing seat, and the other end of the telescopic transmission rod is fixedly connected to the abutting extrusion plate.

4. The flaw detection wheel detection platform according to claim 3, characterized in that, The differential detection assembly includes a grating detection device, a detection disk, a ratchet device and a rotary compensation motor. The rotary compensation motor is fixedly mounted on one of the bearing seats. The output end of the rotary compensation motor is connected to the shaft end of the ultrasonic detection wheel through the ratchet device. The detection disk is coaxially fixedly mounted on one side of the ultrasonic detection wheel. A graduation detection groove is provided in an annular shape on the detection disk. A grating detector is provided directly above the detection disk. The grating detector is fixedly mounted on the flaw detection mounting frame.

5. The flaw detection wheel detection platform according to claim 1, characterized in that, Laser sensors are installed on both sides of the detection track, and an inclination sensor is also fixedly installed on the flaw detection mounting frame.

6. The flaw detection wheel detection platform according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flaw detection mounting frame is fixedly connected with an extension plate along the X-axis direction, and the cleaning mechanism is installed on the extension plate. The cleaning mechanism is provided with a coupling agent spraying device, a spinning wire brush and an obstacle removal blade in sequence along the flaw detection direction. The obstacle removal blade is installed on the extension plate with an adjustable angle, the wire brush is installed on the extension plate for vertical rotation, and the coupling agent spraying device is fixedly installed on the extension plate.

7. A flaw detection wheel detection platform according to claim 6, characterized in that, The cleaning mechanism also includes a rotary drive, a rotating shaft and an annular exhaust hood. The rotary drive is vertically fixedly mounted on the extension plate. The output end of the rotary drive is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft. The wire brush is coaxially fixedly mounted on the bottom end of the rotating shaft. The annular exhaust hood is sleeved on the outside of the wire brush. The annular exhaust hood is connected to an external vacuum pump. A telescopic section is provided in the middle of the rotating shaft. A second spring is sleeved on the telescopic section. The annular exhaust hood is installed below the telescopic section.

8. The flaw detection wheel detection platform according to claim 7, characterized in that, The coupling agent spraying device includes a flat-mouth coating nozzle and a scraper. The flat-mouth coating nozzle is fixedly installed on the extension plate, and the scraper is vertically slidably arranged on one side of the extension plate close to the ultrasonic detection wheel. The scraper is transmission-connected to the bearing seat through a connecting rod.

9. The flaw detection wheel detection platform according to claim 6, characterized in that, The cleaning mechanism also includes an adjusting component which is transmission-connected with the obstacle-clearing blade, and the adjusting component is installed on the extension plate.

10. The flaw detection wheel detection platform according to claim 9, characterized in that, The adjustment assembly includes a linear drive, a push rod, an articulated mounting plate, a mounting column and a limit spring. The articulated mounting plate is articulated on the extension plate, the linear drive is fixedly mounted on the articulated mounting plate, the output end of the linear drive is fixedly connected to the push rod, the end of the push rod away from the linear drive is articulated to the towing blade, the mounting column is fixedly mounted on the extension plate, one end of the towing blade is articulated to the mounting column, the end of the mounting column away from the extension plate is fixedly provided with an angle limit plate, and the towing blade is elastically connected to the angle limit plate arranged on the mounting column through the limit spring.

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