Photovoltaic energy storage charging equipment

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of photovoltaic energy storage, and particularly discloses photovoltaic energy storage charging equipment which is characterized in that a heat dissipation groove is formed in the side wall of a shell, a fixed rail and a guide rod are installed at the position, close to the lower portion, of the interior of the shell, a lower frame is slidably arranged on the fixed rail and the guide rod, and an upper frame is movably clamped to the upper portion of the lower frame; the battery modules are installed between the upper frame and the lower frame, a busbar is fixedly connected to the position, close to the upper portion, in the shell, a confluence assembly is arranged between the busbar and the upper frame and collects currents of the battery modules, and the adjusting mechanism is arranged between the inner wall of the shell and the battery modules. The adjusting mechanism performs self-adaptive adjustment on the distance between the battery modules, the distance between the battery modules can be automatically increased according to the temperature during heat dissipation by adjusting the distance between the battery modules, the heat dissipation effect is improved, the distance between the battery modules is reduced at low temperature, the heat preservation effect of the battery modules is improved, and the service life of the battery modules is prolonged. And the electric quantity of the battery module is prevented from being reduced to the greatest extent.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of photovoltaic energy storage, and specifically discloses a photovoltaic energy storage charging device. Background Art

[0002] Due to the photovoltaic effect of photovoltaic cells, solar radiant energy is directly converted into electrical energy, which needs to be collected and stored. Generally, photovoltaic devices are set to be used outdoors. During long-term charging, they may generate heat and need to be cooled to avoid adverse effects caused by overheating during charging.

[0003] Although the existing photovoltaic energy storage charging devices can adjust the distance between batteries to improve the heat dissipation effect of the batteries, they usually use electrical energy, hydraulic energy, sensors, controllers and other structures to achieve the adjustment of the distance between batteries. However, the above technical solutions have high energy consumption, relatively complex structures, are prone to circuit failures and cause out-of-control situations, and motors also release more heat during operation, thus affecting the heat dissipation of the charging device. At low temperatures, the hydraulic oil is prone to viscosity, making it difficult for the motor to start, and the environmental adaptability is poor.

[0004] Therefore, the existing photovoltaic energy storage charging devices cannot meet the actual usage requirements, so there is an urgent need for improved technologies to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to propose a photovoltaic energy storage charging device to solve the above-mentioned problems.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides a photovoltaic energy storage charging device, which includes a housing, a charging part, a battery module and an adjusting mechanism. Heat dissipation slots are provided on the side wall of the housing. A fixed rail and a guide rod are installed at a position near the lower part inside the housing. A lower frame is slidably arranged on the fixed rail and the guide rod. An upper frame is movably clamped above the lower frame. The battery module is installed between the upper frame and the lower frame. A bus bar is fixedly connected at a position near the upper part inside the housing. A bus bar assembly is arranged between the bus bar and the upper frame. The bus bar assembly collects the current of each battery module. The adjusting mechanism is arranged between the inner wall of the housing and the battery module, and the adjusting mechanism adaptively adjusts the distance between the battery modules;

[0007] Preferably, rollers and a limit frame are installed at the bottom of the lower frame. The rollers rotate on the fixed rail. Two limit wheels are rotatably connected inside the limit frame, and the two limit wheels are rotatably connected to both sides of the guide rod.

[0008] Preferably, a fastener is fixedly connected to the bottom of the upper frame, and two card seats are fixedly connected to the upper part of the lower frame. Card holes are provided on the card seats. Two card cylinders are fixedly connected below the fastener. A card rod is slidably connected inside the card cylinder. A fifth spring is fixedly connected between the card rod and the card cylinder, and the card rod is movably clamped with the card hole. Bevels are provided on one side of the two card seats facing each other, and the end of the card rod away from the card cylinder is spherical.

[0009] During use, the busbar assembly includes a conductive wheel, a conductive contact, and a first spring. A fixing plate is installed on the top of the upper frame. Two vertical plates are fixedly connected to the upper end of the fixing plate. A first rotating shaft is rotatably installed between the two vertical plates. Two connecting plates are fixedly connected to the first rotating shaft. A conductive wheel is rotatably installed between the two connecting plates. Each battery module is connected with a busbar line, and the other end of the busbar line is connected with the busbar assembly. A busbar guide piece is fixedly installed on the outer wall of one of the connecting plates. A connecting rod is also fixedly connected between the two connecting plates. A push rod is fixedly connected to the bottom of the connecting rod. A first spring is fixedly connected to the end of the push rod away from the connecting rod, and the other end of the first spring is fixedly connected to the fixing plate.

[0010] Preferably, a plurality of busbar grooves are provided on the conductive wheel. A conductive contact is slidably connected inside each busbar groove. A second spring is fixedly connected between the conductive contact and the busbar groove, and the conductive contact abuts against the busbar.

[0011] Preferably, the adjusting mechanism includes a shape memory alloy sheet, a first-level range-increasing component, a second-level range-increasing component, and a clamping component. The clamping component includes a fixing block and a clamping plate. There are two clamping plates. One of the clamping plates is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the housing. A limiting groove is provided inside the fixing block. A sliding plate is slidably connected inside the limiting groove. The sliding plate is fixedly connected to the other clamping plate. A bolt is threadedly connected to the sliding plate. The shape memory alloy sheet is clamped between the two clamping plates.

[0012] Preferably, the first-level range-increasing component includes a rotating rod and a second rotating shaft. The second rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the housing. The rotating rod is rotatably connected to the second rotating shaft, and a torsion spring is installed between the rotating rod and the second rotating shaft. The rotating rod is divided into an upper rod and a lower rod with the second rotating shaft as the reference. The part above the second rotating shaft is the upper rod, and the part below the second rotating shaft is the lower rod. The length of the upper rod is greater than that of the lower rod, and the highest point of the shape memory alloy sheet is below the second rotating shaft. The shape memory alloy sheet abuts against the lower rod.

[0013] Preferably, the second-level range-increasing component includes a large gear, a small gear, and a moving rod. A fourth spring is fixedly connected between the moving rod and the rotating rod. A first limiting strip and a second limiting strip are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the housing. A first rack is slidably connected to the first limiting strip. A second rack is slidably connected to the second limiting strip. The bottom end of the moving rod is fixedly connected to the first rack. A third rotating shaft is also rotatably installed on the inner wall of the housing. A large gear and a small gear are coaxially fixedly connected to the third rotating shaft. The small gear is meshed with the first rack, and the large gear is meshed with the second rack.

[0014] Preferably, a first connecting block is fixedly connected to the side wall of the second rack. One end of the first connecting block is fixedly connected to a third spring and a guide cylinder. The third spring is sleeved outside the guide cylinder. A second connecting block is fixedly connected to the side wall of the lower frame. The other end of the third spring is fixedly connected to the second connecting block. One end of the second connecting block is fixedly connected to a guide post, and the guide post is slidably connected to the guide cylinder.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] 1. By using the shape memory alloy sheet to adaptively adjust the distance between battery modules, passive driving can be achieved, with zero additional energy consumption, millisecond-level response, direct triggering of deformation by temperature change, synchronous heat dissipation action and temperature rise, avoiding the risk of overheating of the battery module, a pure mechanical structure, a large reduction in components, a wide temperature range, adaptation to low-temperature operation, no electronic components, and reduced failure risk.

[0017] 2. Through the setting of the busbar assembly, when the distance between battery modules changes, at least two conductive contacts can be ensured to be in contact with the busbar, thereby increasing the contact points with the busbar, dispersing the current, reducing the temperature rise of a single contact, and each contact point independently carrying the current, thus improving the current-carrying capacity.

[0018] 3. Through the setting of the first-stage range extension assembly and the second-stage range extension assembly, the deformation amount of the shape memory alloy sheet can be amplified, adapting to the adjustment of the distance between batteries in a larger range, and improving the heat dissipation effect and heat preservation effect of the battery.

[0019] 4. Through the setting of the clamping assembly, the clamping plate can fix the shape memory alloy sheet. At the same time, when it is necessary to use shape memory alloy sheets with different thicknesses to provide different driving forces, the bolts can be removed, the sliding plate can be slid, and the distance between the two clamping plates can be adjusted to adapt to shape memory alloy sheets with different thicknesses. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the battery modules of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the busbar assembly of the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0024] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the busbar assembly of the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0025] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the conductive wheel of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 7 It is an enlarged view of part B of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 8 It is an enlarged view of part A of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 9 It is a schematic structural view of the adjustment mechanism of the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0029] Figure 10 It is an enlarged view of part C of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 11 It is a schematic structural view of the adjustment mechanism of the present invention Figure 2 。

[0031] 1. Housing; 2. Heat dissipation groove; 3. Charging part; 4. Busbar assembly; 5. Upper frame; 6. Battery module; 7. Guide rod; 8. Fixed rail; 9. Lower frame; 10. Roller; 11. Fastener; 12. Fixed plate; 13. First spring; 14. Thrust rod; 15. Busbar line; 16. Busbar guide piece; 17. Connecting plate; 18. Conductive wheel; 19. Conductive contact; 20. Vertical plate; 21. First rotating shaft; 22. Connecting rod; 23. Busbar groove; 24. Second spring; 25. Card hole; 26. Card tube; 27. Card rod; 28. Card seat; 29. Limiting wheel; 30. Limiting frame; 31. Rotating rod; 32. First rack; 33. First limiting strip; 34. Second rotating shaft; 35. Second rack; 36. Clamping plate; 37. Shape memory alloy sheet; 38. Second limiting strip; 39. Large gear; 40. Third spring; 41. Guide cylinder; 42. First connecting block; 43. Moving rod; 44. Bolt; 45. Limiting groove; 46. Slide plate; 47. Small gear; 48. Third rotating shaft; 49. Busbar; 50. Fixed block; 51. Guide post; 52. Second connecting block; 53. Fourth spring. Detailed implementation manners

[0032] In order to be able to more clearly understand the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific implementation manners.

[0033] In the following description, many specific details are set forth in order to fully understand the present invention. However, the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the limitations of the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0034] Please refer to Figures 1-11As shown in the figure, the present invention is a photovoltaic energy storage charging device, including a housing 1, a charging part 3, a battery module 6 and an adjusting component. A heat dissipation groove 2 is provided on the side wall of the housing 1, and the heat dissipation groove 2 is used to dissipate heat from the charging device. A fixed rail 8 and a guide rod 7 are installed at a position near the lower part inside the housing 1. A lower frame 9 is slidably arranged on the fixed rail 8 and the guide rod 7. An upper frame 5 is movably clamped above the lower frame 9. The battery module 6 is installed between the upper frame 5 and the lower frame 9. The arrangement of the upper frame 5 and the lower frame 9 facilitates the installation of the battery module 6. A bus bar 49 is fixedly connected at a position near the upper part inside the housing 1. The bus bar 49 is used to receive the current of the battery module 6. A bus bar assembly 4 is arranged between the bus bar 49 and the upper frame 5. The bus bar assembly 4 collects the currents of each battery module 6. An adjusting mechanism is arranged between the inner wall of the housing 1 and the battery module 6. The adjusting mechanism adaptively adjusts the distance between the battery modules 6. By adjusting the distance between the battery modules 6, the distance between the battery modules 6 can be automatically increased according to the temperature during heat dissipation, improving the heat dissipation effect of the charging device. When the external temperature is relatively low, due to problems such as reduced chemical reaction efficiency inside the battery module 6 and weakened electrode activity, the actual available power is reduced. At this time, the adjusting mechanism can automatically reduce the distance between the battery modules 6, reducing the temperature difference of the battery module 6, reducing the heat dissipation area, and improving the heat preservation effect of the battery module 6, maximizing the avoidance of the reduction of the power of the battery module 6.

[0035] A roller 10 and a limit frame 30 are installed at the bottom of the lower frame 9. The roller 10 rotates on the fixed rail 8. The setting of the roller 10 can reduce the friction when the battery module 6 moves on the fixed rail 8. Two limit wheels 29 are rotatably connected inside the limit frame 30. The two limit wheels 29 are rotatably connected to both sides of the guide rod 7. The setting of the limit wheels 29 and the guide rod 7 can, on the one hand, guide the movement of the battery module 6, and on the other hand, also reduce the friction when the battery module 6 moves on the guide rod 7.

[0036] A fastener 11 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the upper frame 5. Two card seats 28 are fixedly connected to the upper part of the lower frame 9. Card holes 25 are provided on the card seats 28. Two card cylinders 26 are fixedly connected below the fastener 11. A card rod 27 is slidably connected inside the card cylinder 26. A fifth spring is fixedly connected between the card rod 27 and the card cylinder 26, and the card rod 27 is movably clamped with the card hole 25. Oblique surfaces are provided on one side of the two card seats 28 facing each other. One end of the card rod 27 away from the card cylinder 26 is spherical. When the battery module 6 is placed inside the lower frame 9, the upper frame 5 can be buckled above the battery module 6. At the same time, the fastener 11 drives the two card cylinders 26 to move downward to above the card holes 25. At this time, the spherical end face of the card rod 27 is mutually extruded with the oblique surface on the card seat 28, so that the card rod 27 extrudes the fifth spring, and the card rod 27 contracts into the inside of the card cylinder 26 at this time. The card cylinder 26 continues to move downward, so that the card rod 27 extends out of the card cylinder 26 and is clamped into the card hole 25, realizing the fixation of the battery module 6.

[0037] The busbar assembly 4 includes a conductive wheel 18, a conductive contact 19, and a first spring 13. A fixing plate 12 is installed at the top of the upper frame 5. Two vertical plates 20 are fixedly connected to the upper end of the fixing plate 12. A first rotating shaft 21 is rotatably installed between the two vertical plates 20. Two connecting plates 17 are fixedly connected to the first rotating shaft 21. A conductive wheel 18 is rotatably installed between the two connecting plates 17. Each battery module 6 is connected to a busbar line 15. The other end of the busbar line 15 is connected to the busbar assembly 4. A busbar guide piece 16 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of one of the connecting plates 17. A connecting rod 22 is also fixedly connected between the two connecting plates 17. A top rod 14 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the connecting rod 22. One end of the top rod 14 away from the connecting rod 22 is fixedly connected to the first spring 13. The other end of the first spring 13 is fixedly connected to the fixing plate 12. A plurality of busbar grooves 23 are provided on the conductive wheel 18. A conductive contact 19 is slidably connected to the inside of each busbar groove 23. A second spring 24 is fixedly connected between the conductive contact 19 and the busbar groove 23. The conductive contact 19 abuts against the busbar 49.

[0038] Since the battery module 6 can move, it is necessary to effectively transmit current even after the battery module 6 moves. The current of the battery module 6 is transmitted to the busbar assembly 4 through the busbar line 15, and finally flows to the conductive contact 19. When the battery module 6 moves, the conductive wheel 18 rotates on the busbar 49. At this time, the conductive contact 19 always fits with the busbar 49 under the action of the second spring 24, ensuring that the battery module 6 is always in an electrically connected state with the busbar 49 after moving. The reason for providing a plurality of retractable conductive contacts 19 on the conductive wheel 18 and arranging the conductive contacts 19 in two rows is to ensure that at least two conductive contacts 19 are in contact with the busbar 49 when the battery module 6 moves, thereby increasing the contact points with the busbar 49, dispersing the current, reducing the temperature rise of a single contact point, and enabling each contact point to independently carry the current, thus improving the current-carrying capacity. If the conductive wheel 18 is directly in contact with the busbar 49 only, there will be fewer contact points and lower current-carrying capacity.

[0039] The adjustment mechanism includes a shape memory alloy sheet 37, a primary range extension component, a secondary range extension component, and a clamping component. The clamping component includes a fixed block 50 and a clamping plate 36. There are two clamping plates 36. One of the clamping plates 36 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the housing 1. A limiting groove 45 is provided inside the fixed block 50. A sliding plate 46 is slidably connected inside the limiting groove 45. The sliding plate 46 is fixedly connected to the other clamping plate 36. The bolt 44 is threadedly connected to the sliding plate 46. The shape memory alloy sheet 37 is clamped between the two clamping plates 36. The clamping plates 36 can fix the shape memory alloy sheet 37. At the same time, when it is necessary to use shape memory alloy sheets 37 with different thicknesses to provide different driving forces, the bolt 44 can be removed, the sliding plate 46 can be slid, and the distance between the two clamping plates 36 can be adjusted to adapt to shape memory alloy sheets 37 with different thicknesses.

[0040] This application can adjust the distance between the battery modules 6 by using the shape change of the shape memory alloy sheet 37 at different temperatures. In the prior art, traditional technical solutions generally use motors, hydraulic drives, and sensors to adjust the distance between batteries. Relying on electric energy or hydraulic energy, the energy consumption is relatively high. When relying on sensor control, the delay is relatively high. And it is necessary to conduct components such as motors, controllers, sensors, and cables. The structure is relatively complex, and it is easy to have circuit failures resulting in out-of-control. Moreover, when the motor drives, it will also release more heat, thus affecting the heat dissipation of the charging device. At low temperatures, the hydraulic oil is easy to be viscous, and it is difficult for the motor to start. The environmental adaptability is relatively poor. However, this application uses the shape memory alloy sheet 37 to adjust the distance between the battery modules 6, which can achieve passive drive, zero additional energy consumption, millisecond-level response, the temperature change directly triggers the deformation, the heat dissipation action is synchronized with the temperature rise, avoiding the risk of overheating of the battery module, a pure mechanical structure, a large reduction in components, a large temperature range, adapting to low-temperature operation, no electronic components, and reducing the failure risk.

[0041] The primary range extension component includes a rotating rod 31 and a second rotating shaft 34. The second rotating shaft 34 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the housing 1. The rotating rod 31 is rotatably connected to the second rotating shaft 34, and a torsion spring is installed between the rotating rod 31 and the second rotating shaft 34. Taking the second rotating shaft 34 as a reference, the rotating rod 31 is divided into an upper rod and a lower rod. The part above the second rotating shaft 34 is the upper rod, and the part below the second rotating shaft 34 is the lower rod. The length of the upper rod is greater than that of the lower rod, and the highest point of the shape memory alloy sheet 37 is below the second rotating shaft 34. The shape memory alloy sheet 37 abuts against the lower rod. Since the deformation amount of the shape memory alloy sheet 37 is relatively small, it is necessary to magnify its deformation amount. The length of the upper rod is greater than that of the lower rod, and the shape memory alloy sheet 37 abuts against the lower rod. When the shape memory alloy sheet 37 drives the lower rod to rotate, the upper rod rotates accordingly. According to the lever principle, the rotation stroke of the upper rod is larger, realizing the primary increase in the deformation amount of the shape memory alloy sheet 37.

[0042] The secondary range extender assembly includes a large gear 39, a small gear 47, and a moving rod 43. A fourth spring 53 is fixedly connected between the moving rod 43 and the rotating rod 31. A first limiting strip 33 and a second limiting strip 38 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the housing 1. A first rack 32 is slidably connected to the first limiting strip 33, and a second rack 35 is slidably connected to the second limiting strip 38. The bottom end of the moving rod 43 is fixedly connected to the first rack 32. A third rotating shaft 48 is also rotatably installed on the inner wall of the housing 1. The large gear 39 and the small gear 47 are coaxially fixedly connected to the third rotating shaft 48. The small gear 47 is meshed and connected with the first rack 32, and the large gear 39 is meshed and connected with the second rack 35. When the upper rod rotates, it can drive the moving rod 43 to move. When the moving rod 43 moves, it drives the first rack 32 to move. The first rack 32 drives the small gear 47 to rotate. The small gear 47 drives the coaxially arranged large gear 39 to rotate. Since the diameter of the large gear 39 is larger than that of the small gear 47, when the small gear 47 and the large gear 39 rotate by the same angle, the large gear 39 can drive the second rack 35 to move a greater stroke, realizing the secondary increase in the deformation amount of the shape memory alloy sheet 37.

[0043] A first connecting block 42 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the second rack 35. One end of the first connecting block 42 is fixedly connected to a third spring 40 and a guide cylinder 41. The third spring 40 is sleeved outside the guide cylinder 41. A second connecting block 52 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the lower frame 9. The other end of the third spring 40 is fixedly connected to the second connecting block 52. One end of the second connecting block 52 is fixedly connected to a guide post 51. The guide post 51 is slidably connected to the guide cylinder 41. When the second rack 35 moves, it can drive the lower frame 9 to move through the third spring 40, so that the battery module 6 moves, and the distance between the battery modules 6 is adjusted.

[0044] Working principle

[0045] When the charging device charges an external electrical appliance through the charging unit 3, the battery will generate heat, and the temperature inside the housing 1 will rise. At this time, the shape memory alloy sheet 37 will gradually change from a bent state to a straight plate state. The shape memory alloy sheet 37 will push the lower rod of the rotating rod 31 to rotate. When the lower rod rotates, it will drive the upper rod to rotate synchronously. When the upper rod rotates, it will drive the moving rod 31 to move to the left. When the moving rod 31 moves to the left, it will drive the first rack 32 to move to the left. The movement of the first rack 32 drives the large gear 39 and the small gear 47 to rotate counterclockwise. The large gear 39 drives the second rack 35 to move to the right. The second rack 35 drives the lower frame 9 to move. The lower frame 9 drives the battery module 6 to move to the right. The leftmost battery module 6 is not provided with an adjustment mechanism, and only the two rightmost battery modules 6 are provided with an adjustment mechanism. Based on the leftmost battery module 6, a sixth spring is installed between each lower frame 9. During the spacing adjustment, the leftmost battery module 6 is fixed, and the middle battery module 6 moves to the right based on the leftmost battery module 6, pulling apart the spacing from the leftmost battery module 6. The rightmost battery module 6 also moves to the right based on the middle battery module 6 to pull apart the spacing, increasing the spacing between the battery modules 6 and improving the heat dissipation effect. Conversely, when the temperature is low, the shape memory alloy sheet 37 will return to its original state, and then drive the battery module 6 to move to the left, improving the heat preservation effect between the battery modules 6.

[0046] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art of this industry should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above embodiments. What is described in the above embodiments and the specification is only the principle of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention will have various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the present invention claimed. The scope of protection required by the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic energy storage charging device, comprising a housing (1), a charging unit (3), a battery module (6) and an adjusting assembly, characterized in that, A heat dissipation groove (2) is provided on the side wall of the housing (1). A fixed rail (8) and a guide rod (7) are installed inside the housing (1) near the lower position. A lower frame (9) is slidably provided on the fixed rail (8) and the guide rod (7). An upper frame (5) is movably clamped above the lower frame (9). A battery module (6) is installed between the upper frame (5) and the lower frame (9). A bus bar (49) is fixedly connected inside the housing (1) near the upper position. A bus bar assembly (4) is provided between the bus bar (49) and the upper frame (5). The bus bar assembly (4) collects the currents of each battery module (6). An adjusting mechanism is arranged between the inner wall of the housing (1) and the battery module (6), and the adjusting mechanism adaptively adjusts the distance between the battery modules (6).

2. The photovoltaic energy storage charging device according to claim 1, characterized in that Rollers (10) and a limit frame (30) are installed at the bottom of the lower frame (9). The rollers (10) rotate on the fixed rail (8). Two limit wheels (29) are rotatably connected inside the limit frame (30), and the two limit wheels (29) are rotatably connected to both sides of the guide rod (7).

3. A photovoltaic energy storage charging device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A fastener (11) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the upper frame (5). Two clamping seats (28) are fixedly connected to the upper part of the lower frame (9). Card holes (25) are provided on each of the clamping seats (28). Two card cylinders (26) are fixedly connected below the fastener (11). A card rod (27) is slidably connected inside the card cylinder (26). A spring five is fixedly connected between the card rod (27) and the card cylinder (26), and the card rod (27) is movably clamped with the card hole (25). Inclined surfaces are provided on the opposite sides of the two clamping seats (28), and the end of the card rod (27) away from the card cylinder (26) is spherical.

4. A photovoltaic energy storage charging device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bus bar assembly (4) includes a conductive wheel (18), a conductive contact (19), and a spring one (13). A fixing plate (12) is installed on the top of the upper frame (5). Two vertical plates (20) are fixedly connected to the upper end of the fixing plate (12). A rotating shaft one (21) is rotatably installed between the two vertical plates (20). Two connecting plates (17) are fixedly connected to the rotating shaft one (21). A conductive wheel (18) is rotatably installed between the two connecting plates (17). Each group of battery modules (6) is connected with a bus bar line (15), and the other end of the bus bar line (15) is connected with the bus bar assembly (4). A bus bar guide piece (16) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of one of the connecting plates (17). A connecting rod (22) is also fixedly connected between the two connecting plates (17). A top rod (14) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the connecting rod (22). A spring one (13) is fixedly connected to the end of the top rod (14) away from the connecting rod (22), and the other end of the spring one (13) is fixedly connected to the fixing plate (12).

5. A photovoltaic energy storage charging device according to claim 4, characterized in that, A plurality of bus bar grooves (23) are provided on the conductive wheel (18). A conductive contact (19) is slidably connected inside each bus bar groove (23). A spring two (24) is fixedly connected between the conductive contact (19) and the bus bar groove (23), and the conductive contact (19) abuts against the bus bar (49).

6. A photovoltaic energy storage charging device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adjusting mechanism includes a shape memory alloy sheet (37), a primary range extension component, a secondary range extension component, and a clamping component. The clamping component includes a fixed block (50) and a clamping plate (36). There are two clamping plates (36). One of the clamping plates (36) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the housing (1). A limiting groove (45) is provided inside the fixed block (50). A sliding plate (46) is slidably connected inside the limiting groove (45). The sliding plate (46) is fixedly connected to the other clamping plate (36). The sliding plate (46) is threadedly connected to a bolt (44). The shape memory alloy sheet (37) is clamped between the two clamping plates (36).

7. A photovoltaic energy storage charging device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The primary range extension component includes a rotating rod (31) and a second rotating shaft (34). The second rotating shaft (34) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the housing (1). The rotating rod (31) is rotatably connected to the second rotating shaft (34), and a torsion spring is installed between the rotating rod (31) and the second rotating shaft (34). With the second rotating shaft (34) as a reference, the rotating rod (31) is divided into an upper rod and a lower rod. The part above the second rotating shaft (34) is the upper rod, and the part below the second rotating shaft (34) is the lower rod. The length of the upper rod is greater than that of the lower rod, and the highest point of the shape memory alloy sheet (37) is below the second rotating shaft (34). The shape memory alloy sheet (37) abuts against the lower rod.

8. A photovoltaic energy storage charging device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The secondary range extension component includes a large gear (39), a small gear (47), and a moving rod (43). A fourth spring (53) is fixedly connected between the moving rod (43) and the rotating rod (31). A first limiting strip (33) and a second limiting strip (38) are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the housing (1). A first rack (32) is slidably connected to the first limiting strip (33), and a second rack (35) is slidably connected to the second limiting strip (38). The bottom end of the moving rod (43) is fixedly connected to the first rack (32). A third rotating shaft (48) is also rotatably installed on the inner wall of the housing (1). A large gear (39) and a small gear (47) are coaxially fixedly connected to the third rotating shaft (48). The small gear (47) is meshed with the first rack (32), and the large gear (39) is meshed with the second rack (35).

9. A photovoltaic energy storage charging device according to claim 8, characterized in that, A first connecting block (42) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the second rack (35). One end of the first connecting block (42) is fixedly connected to a third spring (40) and a guide cylinder (41). The third spring (40) is sleeved outside the guide cylinder (41). A second connecting block (52) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the lower frame (9). The other end of the third spring (40) is fixedly connected to the second connecting block (52). One end of the second connecting block (52) is fixedly connected to a guide post (51). The guide post (51) is slidably connected to the guide cylinder (41).

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