Multi-system measurement and control system suitable for omnidirectional relay and space-foundation random access

Abstract

The invention provides a multi-system measurement and control system suitable for omnidirectional relay and space-ground-based random access, a method of installing relay measurement and control antennas on the ground and the ground is adopted, in order to meet the requirement of a relay link, two measurement and control responders are designed, one measurement and control responder is responsible for receiving a relay signal on the sky, and the other measurement and control responder is responsible for receiving a relay signal on the ground. A relay power amplifier is shared by a relay return antenna facing and the ground, the output end of the relay power amplifier switches a corresponding relay transmitting antenna through a microwave switch, a satellite service computer automatically controls switching of the microwave switch according to satellite attitude information, and when a satellite is in a ground orientation attitude, the microwave switch is automatically switched to an antenna facing relay antenna; when the attitude of the satellite changes and the satellite points to the sky, the microwave switch is automatically switched to the relay antenna facing the ground, and the relay antenna facing the direction of the relay satellite is always in a working state no matter what attitude the satellite is in, thereby ensuring that the satellite can use the relay satellite for measurement and control under any attitude.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of aerospace TT&C technology, and particularly to a multi-system TT&C system adapted to omnidirectional relay and space-ground opportunistic access. Background Art

[0002] In the aerospace field, conventional on-board TT&C solutions face many limitations. Due to the constraints of satellite energy and thermal control conditions, the relay antenna of the satellite is only installed on the side facing the sky. This causes the satellite to be able to communicate with the relay satellite only when the relay antenna points to the sky. Once the satellite's attitude changes, it cannot utilize the space-based TT&C resources of the relay satellite. Although some solutions have the ability of space-ground opportunistic TT&C, which can ensure the TT&C of the satellite and the feedback of its health status in all-day and all-weather conditions, the existing on-board TT&C solutions still cannot meet the requirement of the satellite to achieve space-ground opportunistic control in any attitude.

[0003] The traditional satellite TT&C network adopts an operation mode of "centralized management and unified allocation", which has low efficiency and high labor costs, and is difficult to meet the requirements of giant constellations for efficient management and flexible allocation of TT&C resources. In military aerospace applications, there are urgent needs for aspects such as rapid response, integrated space information space-ground transmission network, integrated TT&C operation and control, and TT&C security during wartime. In this context, it is crucial to construct an on-demand opportunistic access architecture for on-orbit satellites and TT&C systems (space-ground TT&C), which aims to ensure that after a spacecraft enters the physical visible range of any access node (ground-based or space-based), it can automatically, quickly and effectively access the TT&C network to perform TT&C communication tasks.

[0004] However, the on-board TT&C solutions of conventional satellites are difficult to cooperate with the TT&C system to complete the automated measurement, operation and control management of giant constellations. Especially when the satellite undergoes an attitude flip, the satellite cannot carry out TT&C work with the help of the relay satellite. In contrast, the on-board TT&C solution proposed by the present invention can effectively solve the above problems.

[0005] The conventional on-board TT&C solution only configures a relay TT&C antenna on the side of the satellite facing the sky, so that the relay beam of the satellite can only achieve sky coverage. When the relay TT&C antenna of the satellite is in the sky-pointing state, the relay satellite can be normally used for TT&C or short message TT&C; but once the satellite undergoes an attitude flip and the relay TT&C antenna points to the earth direction, the relay satellite will be out of the visible range, resulting in the inability to perform relay TT&C. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The on-orbit TT&C solution of this design adopts the method of installing relay TT&C antennas both towards the sky and towards the ground. Among them, two TT&C transponders are designed. One is responsible for receiving the relay signal on the sky side, and the other is responsible for receiving the relay signal on the ground side. The relay reverse transmission to the sky side and the ground side share one relay fixed amplifier. The output end of the relay fixed amplifier switches the corresponding relay transmitting antenna through a microwave switch. The on-board computer automatically controls the switching of the microwave switch according to the satellite attitude information. When the satellite is in the earth-pointing attitude, the on-board software automatically switches the microwave switch to the relay antenna on the sky side; when the satellite attitude changes to point to the sky, it automatically switches the microwave switch to the relay antenna on the ground side. No matter what attitude the satellite is in, it ensures that the relay antenna facing the relay satellite is in the working state, so as to ensure that the relay satellite can be used for TT&C under any attitude of the satellite.

[0007] The present invention provides a multi-system TT&C system adapted to omnidirectional relay and space-ground-based opportunistic access, characterized in that it includes:

[0008] Multiple relay TT&C transceiver antennas, including relay TT&C transceiver antennas on the sky side and relay TT&C transceiver antennas on the ground side, and are configured to receive the forward signal of the relay satellite and transmit it to the TT&C transponder, and transmit the reverse signal processed by the TT&C transponder to the relay satellite;

[0009] The earth-pointing TT&C transceiver antenna is configured to omnidirectionally receive the uplink remote control signal of the ground TT&C station and forward it to the TT&C transponder, and transmit the downlink telemetry signal of the TT&C transponder to the ground TT&C station;

[0010] The sky-pointing TT&C transceiver antenna is configured to perform reverse communication with the ground TT&C station when the satellite attitude flips, so as to jointly realize space-ground communication with the earth-pointing TT&C transceiver antenna;

[0011] The ground-based opportunistic transceiver antenna is configured to receive the opportunistic access signal of the ground unplanned scheduling, so that the satellite can dynamically access the ground-based TT&C network;

[0012] The microwave network is configured to distribute the signal received by the antenna to the corresponding channel of the TT&C transponder in the uplink direction, route the TT&C transponder signal to the target antenna or the relay power amplifier in the downlink direction, and the on-board computer controls the switching of the relay TT&C transceiver antenna;

[0013] The TT&C transponder is connected to the microwave network and the telemetry and remote control terminal, receives the uplink signal of the microwave network and sends it to the telemetry and remote control terminal, and receives the telemetry data of the telemetry and remote control terminal and modulates it into a downlink signal and routes it to the corresponding antenna through the microwave network;

[0014] The relay power amplifier is configured to amplify the reverse telemetry signal output by the TT&C transponder, send it to the relay TT&C transceiver antenna through the microwave network after filtering, and send it to the relay satellite;

[0015] A telemetry and telecontrol terminal, configured to collect satellite status data and send it to the tracking, telemetry and command transponder, receive the telecontrol commands of the tracking, telemetry and command transponder and execute or forward them to the satellite bus computer; and

[0016] A satellite bus computer, configured to control the microwave network to switch and relay the tracking and telemetry transceiver antennas according to the satellite attitude information.

[0017] In an embodiment of the present invention, the tracking, telemetry and command transponder is configured as a tracking, telemetry and command transponder A and a tracking, telemetry and command transponder B that are in hot standby with each other. The tracking, telemetry and command transponder A is configured to receive the on-orbit relay signal, and the tracking, telemetry and command transponder B is configured to receive the ground relay signal.

[0018] In an embodiment of the present invention, the tracking, telemetry and command transponder includes:

[0019] A spread spectrum channel, arranged in the tracking, telemetry and command transponder A and the tracking, telemetry and command transponder B, connected to the microwave network, and configured for non-coherent spread spectrum tracking and telemetry of the ground and data upload. In the uplink, it receives the spread spectrum telecontrol signal from the ground tracking station and demodulates it. In the downlink, it modulates the telemetry data into a spread spectrum signal and sends it to the ground tracking station through the space-ground omnidirectional antenna;

[0020] A relay receiving channel, arranged in the tracking, telemetry and command transponder A and the tracking, telemetry and command transponder B, connected to the microwave network, and used to receive the forward signal of the relay satellite and adaptively demodulate it;

[0021] A relay transmitting channel, arranged in the tracking, telemetry and command transponder A and the tracking, telemetry and command transponder B, connected to the relay power amplifier, and used to modulate the telemetry data into an SMA signal and transmit it through the relay tracking and telemetry transceiver antenna after being amplified by the relay power amplifier;

[0022] An opportunistic channel, only arranged in the tracking, telemetry and command transponder B, connected to the ground-based opportunistic transceiver antenna and the microwave network, and used to access the ground unscheduled scheduling signal to achieve dynamic tracking and telemetry connection.

[0023] In an embodiment of the present invention, the microwave network includes:

[0024] A ground-based tracking and telemetry microwave network, including:

[0025] A four-port network, connected to the on-orbit tracking and telemetry transceiver antenna and the ground tracking and telemetry transceiver antenna. In the uplink direction, it splits the conventional tracking and telemetry signal to the spread spectrum channel of the tracking, telemetry and command transponder. In the downlink direction, it combines the telemetry signals of the spread spectrum channel and then routes them to the on-orbit tracking and telemetry transceiver antenna and the ground tracking and telemetry transceiver antenna to achieve full-attitude ground-based signal interaction;

[0026] Two duplexers, respectively connected to the spread spectrum channel of the tracking, telemetry and command transponder A and the four-port network and the spread spectrum channel of the tracking, telemetry and command transponder B and the four-port network, to ensure the bidirectional signal independent transmission between the spread spectrum channels of the tracking, telemetry and command transponder A and the tracking, telemetry and command transponder B and the on-orbit tracking and telemetry transceiver antenna and the ground tracking and telemetry transceiver antenna, and avoid co-frequency interference;

[0027] A random duplexer connects the ground-based random transceiver antenna to the random channel, separates the uplink remote control and downlink telemetry frequency bands of the random access signal, and ensures the unidirectional transmission of the unscheduled scheduling signal through the random channel to support signal isolation during dynamic access.

[0028] In an embodiment of the present invention, the microwave network further includes:

[0029] A relay measurement and control microwave network, including:

[0030] A relay duplexer A, whose output end is connected to the relay receiving channel of the on-the-ground relay measurement and control transceiver antenna and the measurement and control transponder A, and the output end is connected to the microwave switch 1 and the on-the-ground relay measurement and control transceiver antenna, and is used to separate the forward reception and reverse transmission frequency bands of the relay satellite signal, so that the relay receiving channel of the measurement and control transponder A only receives the forward signal, and the relay transmission channel only outputs the reverse signal;

[0031] A relay duplexer B, whose output end is connected to the microwave switch 2 and the on-the-ground relay measurement and control transceiver antenna, and the input end is connected to the microwave switch 1 and the microwave switch 2, and is used to separate the forward reception and reverse transmission frequency bands of the relay satellite signal, so that the relay receiving channel of the measurement and control transponder B only receives the forward signal, and the relay transmission channel only outputs the reverse signal;

[0032] A microwave switch 1, whose input end is connected to the relay duplexer and the relay power amplifier, and the output end is connected to the relay duplexer A and the relay duplexer B, is controlled by the satellite bus computer, switches the receiving antenna according to the satellite attitude, when the satellite is earth-oriented, selects the on-the-ground relay measurement and control transceiver antenna, and when the satellite attitude flips, switches to the on-the-ground relay measurement and control transceiver antenna;

[0033] A microwave switch 2, whose input end is connected to the microwave switch 1, the on-the-ground relay measurement and control transceiver antenna and the on-the-ground relay measurement and control transceiver antenna, and the output end is connected to the relay receiving channel of the measurement and control transponder B, the on-the-ground relay measurement and control transceiver antenna and the on-the-ground relay measurement and control transceiver antenna, is linked with the microwave switch 1, switches the transmitting antenna according to the satellite attitude, when earth-oriented, transmits the reverse signal of the relay transmission channel through the on-the-ground relay measurement and control transceiver antenna to the relay satellite, and when the attitude flips, switches to the on-the-ground relay measurement and control transceiver antenna for transmission, ensuring that the downlink signal is aligned with the direction of the relay satellite and avoiding energy divergence.

[0034] In an embodiment of the present invention, the relay power amplifier includes:

[0035] A relay fixed amplifier, which is used to amplify the reverse link signal output by the measurement and control transponder;

[0036] A filter, which is used to filter the signal amplified by the relay fixed amplifier, filter out spurious noise, and avoid interfering with other links;

[0037] A combiner is used to combine the signals of multiple relay transmission channels into one and transmit them through the same relay measurement and control antenna to achieve resource reuse.

[0038] In an embodiment of the present invention, the measurement and control transponder further includes a relay SMA measurement and control module, and the relay SMA measurement and control module is configured to switch between a continuous measurement and control mode and a short message measurement and control mode;

[0039] Wherein, in the continuous measurement and control mode, the relay SMA measurement and control module directly transmits the telemetry signal to the SMA power amplifier for amplification to output a continuous telemetry signal;

[0040] In the short message measurement and control mode, the relay SMA measurement and control module modulates the SMA power amplifier according to a preset duty cycle to achieve amplification and output of the telemetry signal.

[0041] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0042] (1) By configuring relay measurement and control transceiver antennas on both the satellite's sky-facing side and ground-facing side, and using microwave switches (1 and 2) in the microwave network to switch antenna channels under the control of the on-board computer, the present system realizes omnidirectional relay coverage. It solves the problem in the conventional solution that due to the relay antenna being only installed on the sky-facing side, communication with the relay satellite cannot be established when the satellite's attitude changes. Regardless of how the satellite's attitude changes, it can ensure the communication connection with the relay satellite and make full use of the space-based measurement and control resources.

[0043] (2) The system is equipped with ground measurement and control transceiver antennas, sky measurement and control transceiver antennas, and ground-based opportunistic transceiver antennas. Combining the signal distribution and routing of the ground-based measurement and control microwave network (Type I) and the relay measurement and control microwave network (Type II), and the multiple channels and functions of the multi-system measurement and control transponder (such as the opportunistic channel supports ground-based opportunistic access), enables the satellite to achieve ground and space-based opportunistic control in any attitude, meeting the requirements that cannot be achieved by the conventional solution, and ensuring the satellite's all-weather and all-time measurement and control and the return of its health status.

[0044] (3) Two measurement and control transponders are set up. The two transponders are hot standby for each other and can work simultaneously, and are configured differently according to different task requirements. When one of them fails, the other can immediately take over all tasks automatically to ensure the uninterrupted measurement and control function of the system. For example, during the long-term on-orbit operation of the satellite, electronic components may suddenly fail due to factors such as space radiation. If only a single transponder is equipped, once a failure occurs, it will lead to the interruption of the measurement and control link, affecting the satellite status monitoring and command transmission. The dual-transponder design can effectively avoid such situations, greatly improving the reliability of the system and ensuring the continuous and stable operation of the satellite in a complex space environment. Description of the Drawings

[0045] Figure 1Shows the block diagram of a multi-system TT&C system that adapts to omnidirectional relay and space-ground opportunistic access in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 2 Shows the schematic diagram of the relay beam coverage of a conventional spaceborne TT&C scheme;

[0047] Figure 3 Shows the schematic diagram of the satellite using the relay TT&C service scenario in a conventional satellite TT&C scheme; and

[0048] Figure 4 Shows the schematic diagram of the relay TT&C beam coverage in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed implementation manners

[0049] In the following description, the present invention is described with reference to various embodiments. However, those skilled in the art will recognize that the embodiments can be implemented without one or more specific details or in combination with other alternative and / or additional methods, materials, or components. In other instances, well-known structures, materials, or operations are not shown or described in detail to avoid obscuring the inventive points of the present invention. Similarly, for the purpose of explanation, specific quantities, materials, and configurations are set forth to provide a comprehensive understanding of the embodiments of the present invention. However, the present invention is not limited to these specific details.

[0050] In the present invention, each embodiment is only intended to illustrate the solution of the present invention and should not be construed as restrictive.

[0051] In this specification, the reference to "an embodiment" or "the embodiment" means that the specific features, structures, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment are included in at least one embodiment of the present invention. The phrase "in an embodiment" appearing throughout this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment.

[0052] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the detailed implementation manners with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0053] Figure 1 Shows the block diagram of a multi-system TT&C system that adapts to omnidirectional relay and space-ground opportunistic access in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0054] As Figure 1 shown, the multi-system TT&C system includes:

[0055] The measurement and control transponder 100 is configured with measurement and control transponder A 110 and measurement and control transponder B 120 that are hot standby for each other. The measurement and control transponder A 110 is configured to receive the on-ground relay signal, and the measurement and control transponder B 120 is configured to receive the on-ground relay signal. The measurement and control transponder 100 connects the microwave network 500 and the telemetry and remote control terminal 200, receives the uplink signal of the microwave network 500 and sends it to the telemetry and remote control terminal 200, and receives the telemetry data of the telemetry and remote control terminal 200, modulates it into a downlink signal, and routes it to the corresponding antenna through the microwave network 500.

[0056] The measurement and control transponder includes:

[0057] The spread spectrum channels 123 and 113 are provided in the measurement and control transponder A 110 and the measurement and control transponder B 120, are connected to the microwave network 500, and are configured for non-coherent spread spectrum measurement and control of the ground and data upload. They receive the spread spectrum remote control signal of the ground measurement and control station in the uplink and demodulate it. In the downlink, they modulate the telemetry data into a spread spectrum signal and send it to the ground measurement and control station through the space-ground omnidirectional antenna.

[0058] The relay receiving channels 111 and 121 are provided in the measurement and control transponder A 110 and the measurement and control transponder B

[0059] 120, are connected to the microwave network 500, and are used to receive the forward signal of the relay satellite and demodulate it adaptively.

[0060] The relay transmitting channels 112 and 122 are provided in the measurement and control transponder A 110 and the measurement and control transponder B

[0061] 120, are connected to the relay power amplifier, and are used to modulate the telemetry data into an SMA signal, amplify it through the relay power amplifier 400, and transmit it through the relay measurement and control transceiver antenna.

[0062] The opportunistic channel 124 is only provided in the measurement and control transponder B 120, is connected to the ground opportunistic transceiver antenna 650 and the microwave network 500, and is used to access the ground unscheduled scheduling signal to achieve dynamic measurement and control connection.

[0063] The telemetry and remote control terminal 200 is configured to collect the satellite status data and send it to the measurement and control transponder 100, receive the remote control instructions of the measurement and control transponder 100, and execute or forward them to the satellite service computer 300.

[0064] The satellite service computer 300 is configured to control the microwave network 500 to switch the relay measurement and control transceiver antenna according to the satellite attitude information, and coordinate the working mode and resource allocation of the measurement and control transponder 100.

[0065] The relay power amplifier 400 is configured to amplify the return telemetry signal output by the measurement and control transponder 100, send it to the relay measurement and control transceiver antenna through the microwave network 500 after filtering, and send it to the relay satellite.

[0066] The relay power amplifier 400 includes:

[0067] A relay fixed amplifier 420, which is used to amplify the reverse link signal output by the TT&C transponder 100;

[0068] A filter 410, which is used to filter the signal amplified by the relay fixed amplifier 420, filter out spurious noise, and avoid interfering with other links;

[0069] A combiner 430, which is used to combine the signals of multiple relay transmission channels into one path and transmit them through the same relay TT&C antenna, so as to achieve resource reuse.

[0070] A microwave network 500, which is configured to distribute the signal received by the antenna to the corresponding channel of the TT&C transponder 100 in the uplink direction, route the signal of the TT&C transponder 100 to the target antenna or the relay power amplifier in the downlink direction, and control the switching of the relay TT&C receiving and transmitting antennas by the on-board computer 300.

[0071] The microwave network 500 includes:

[0072] A ground-based TT&C microwave network 510, which includes:

[0073] A four-port network 511, which distributes the conventional TT&C signal to the spread spectrum channel of the TT&C transponder 100 in the uplink direction, and combines and routes the telemetry signal of the spread spectrum channel to the space TT&C receiving and transmitting antenna 640 and the ground TT&C receiving and transmitting antenna 630 in the downlink direction, so as to achieve full-attitude ground-based signal interaction;

[0074] A duplexer 512, which ensures the independent transmission of the bidirectional signals between the spread spectrum channel 113 of the TT&C transponder A 110 and the ground TT&C receiving and transmitting antenna 630, and avoids co-frequency interference;

[0075] A duplexer 513, which ensures the independent transmission of the bidirectional signals between the spread spectrum channel 123 of the TT&C transponder B 120 and the space TT&C receiving and transmitting antenna 640, and avoids co-frequency interference;

[0076] A random duplexer 514, which separates the uplink remote control and downlink telemetry frequency bands of the random access signal, ensures the unidirectional transmission of the unplanned scheduling signal through the random access channel, and supports the signal isolation during dynamic access.

[0077] The relay TT&C microwave network includes:

[0078] A relay duplexer A 521, which is used to separate the forward receiving and reverse transmitting frequency bands of the relay satellite signal, so that the relay receiving channel 111 of the TT&C transponder A 110 only receives the forward signal, and the relay transmitting channel 112 only outputs the reverse signal;

[0079] Relay duplexer B 522 is used to separate the forward receiving and reverse transmitting frequency bands of the relay satellite signal, so that the relay receiving channel 121 of the TT&C transponder B 120 only receives the forward signal, and the relay transmitting channel 122 only outputs the reverse signal;

[0080] Microwave switch 1 523 is controlled by the on-board computer 300 to switch the receiving antenna according to the satellite attitude. When the satellite is earth-pointing, the relay TT&C transceiver antenna 610 facing the sky is selected. When the satellite attitude flips, it switches to the relay TT&C transceiver antenna 620 facing the ground;

[0081] Microwave switch 2 524 is linked with microwave switch 1 523 to switch the transmitting antenna according to the satellite attitude. When earth-pointing, the reverse signal of the relay transmitting channel is transmitted to the relay satellite through the relay TT&C transceiver antenna 611 facing the sky. When the attitude flips, it switches to transmit through the relay TT&C transceiver antenna 620 facing the ground to ensure that the downlink signal is aligned with the direction of the relay satellite and avoid energy divergence.

[0082] Multiple relay TT&C transceiver antennas, in this embodiment, include the relay TT&C transceiver antennas 610, 611 facing the sky and the relay TT&C transceiver antenna 620 facing the ground, which are configured to receive the forward signal of the relay satellite and transmit it to the TT&C transponder 100, and transmit the reverse signal processed by the TT&C transponder 100 to the relay satellite.

[0083] The earth-pointing TT&C transceiver antenna 630 is configured to omnidirectionally receive the uplink remote control signal of the ground TT&C station and forward it to the TT&C transponder 100, and transmit the downlink telemetry signal of the TT&C transponder 100 to the ground TT&C station.

[0084] The sky-pointing TT&C transceiver antenna 640 is configured to undertake the reverse communication task with the ground TT&C station when the satellite attitude flips, and jointly realize space-ground communication with the earth-pointing TT&C transceiver antenna.

[0085] The ground-based opportunistic transceiver antenna 650 is configured to receive the opportunistic access signal of the ground unscheduled scheduling, so that the satellite can dynamically access the ground-based TT&C network.

[0086] The following will be combined with Figure 1 , to illustrate the connection method between the components of the system.

[0087] The TT&C transponder 100 is bidirectionally connected to the telemetry and remote control terminal 200, and the telemetry and remote control terminal 200 is bidirectionally connected to the on-board computer 300.

[0088] The relay receiving channel 111 of the TT&C transponder A 110 is connected to the output end of the relay duplexer A 521, as Figure 1It is connected through the X06G port of the relay measurement and control microwave network 520 as shown. The relay transmission channel 112 is connected to the input end of the relay power amplifier 400. The spread spectrum channel 113 is bidirectionally connected to the duplexer 512, as Figure 1 It is connected through the X03G and X04G ports of the relay measurement and control microwave network 520 as shown.

[0089] The relay receiving channel 121 of the measurement and control transponder B 120 is connected to the output end of the relay duplexer B 522, as Figure 1 It is connected through the X01G port of the relay measurement and control microwave network 520 as shown. The relay transmission channel 122 is connected to the input end of the relay power amplifier 400. The spread spectrum channel 123 is bidirectionally connected to the duplexer 513, as Figure 1 It is connected through the X05G and X06G ports of the ground-based measurement and control microwave network 510 as shown. The opportunistic channel 124 is bidirectionally connected to the opportunistic duplexer 514, as Figure 1 It is connected through the X08G and X09G ports of the ground-based measurement and control microwave network 510 as shown.

[0090] The opportunistic duplexer 514 is connected to the ground-based opportunistic transceiver antenna 650, as Figure 1 It is connected through the X07G port of the ground-based measurement and control microwave network 510 as shown.

[0091] The output end of the relay power amplifier 400 is connected to the input end of the microwave switch 1 523, as Figure 1 It is connected through the X02G port of the relay measurement and control microwave network 520 as shown.

[0092] The output end of the microwave switch 1 523 is connected to the input ends of the relay duplexer A 521 and the relay duplexer B 522.

[0093] The relay duplexer A 521 is connected to the relay measurement and control transceiver antenna 610 facing the sky, as Figure 1 It is connected through the X05G port of the relay measurement and control microwave network 520 as shown.

[0094] The relay duplexer B 522 is connected to the microwave switch 2 524.

[0095] The microwave switch 2 524 is connected to the relay measurement and control transceiver antenna 611 facing the sky and the relay measurement and control transceiver antenna 620 facing the ground, as Figure 1 It is connected through the X03G and X04G ports of the relay measurement and control microwave network 520 as shown.

[0096] The duplexers 512 and 513 are connected to the four-port network 511.

[0097] The four-port network 511 is connected to the ground-based measurement and control microwave network 510 through the X01G port of the ground-based measurement and control microwave network 510 to the ground-based measurement and control transceiver antenna 630; and is connected to the space-based measurement and control transceiver antenna 640 through the X02G port of the ground-based measurement and control microwave network 510.

[0098] Figure 2 The figure shows a schematic diagram of the relay beam coverage of a conventional spaceborne measurement and control scheme.

[0099] In order to save weight and power consumption, the conventional spaceborne measurement and control scheme only configures a relay measurement and control antenna on the space-facing side of the satellite. The relay beam of the satellite covers the sky. The schematic diagram of the relay beam coverage is as Figure 2 shown.

[0100] This causes the satellite to be able to communicate with the relay satellite only when the relay antenna points to the sky. Once the satellite attitude changes, the space-based measurement and control resources of the relay satellite cannot be utilized. Although some schemes have the ability of space-ground random measurement and control, which can ensure the measurement and control of the satellite and the feedback of the health status all day and all weather, the existing spaceborne measurement and control schemes still cannot meet the requirement of the satellite to achieve space-ground random control in any attitude.

[0101] Figure 3 The figure shows a schematic diagram of the satellite using the relay measurement and control service scenario in the conventional satellite measurement and control scheme.

[0102] The scenario of the conventional satellite measurement and control scheme using the relay satellite measurement and control is as Figure 3 shown. When the satellite is in the A attitude and oriented to the ground, the relay measurement and control antenna points to the sky, and the relay satellite can be normally used for measurement and control or short message measurement and control; however, when the satellite undergoes an attitude flip and is in the B attitude and points to the sky, at this time the relay measurement and control antenna points to the earth direction, and the relay satellite will be invisible and the relay measurement and control cannot be used.

[0103] Figure 4 The figure shows a schematic diagram of the relay measurement and control beam coverage in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0104] For the on-board TT&C solution of this design, a method of installing relay TT&C antennas both towards the sky and towards the ground is adopted. Among them, in order to meet the requirements of the relay link, two TT&C transponders are designed. One is responsible for receiving the relay signal towards the sky, and the other is responsible for receiving the relay signal towards the ground. The relay backhaul towards the sky and towards the ground share one relay power amplifier to save weight and power consumption. The output end of the relay power amplifier switches to the corresponding relay transmitting antenna through a microwave switch. The satellite bus computer automatically controls the switching of the microwave switch according to the satellite attitude information. When the satellite is in the earth-pointing attitude, the satellite bus software automatically switches the microwave switch to the relay antenna towards the sky; when the satellite attitude changes to point towards the sky, it automatically switches the microwave switch to the relay antenna towards the ground. No matter what attitude the satellite is in, it ensures that the relay antenna facing the relay satellite is in the working state, so as to ensure that the relay satellite can be used for TT&C in any attitude of the satellite. The schematic diagram of the relay beam coverage of the on-board TT&C solution of this design is as Figure 4 shown. The relay beam coverage is approximately omnidirectional coverage, which can meet the requirements of using relay TT&C in any attitude of the satellite.

[0105] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, it should be understood that they are presented only as examples and not as limitations. It will be apparent to those skilled in the relevant art that various combinations, deformations and changes can be made to them without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the width and scope of the present invention disclosed herein should not be limited by the above-disclosed exemplary embodiments, but should be defined only by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A multi-system measurement and control system adapted to omnidirectional relay and space-ground opportunistic access, characterized in that including: a plurality of relay measurement and control transceiver antennas, including an on-ground relay measurement and control transceiver antenna and an on-ground relay measurement and control transceiver antenna, and configured to receive the forward signal of the relay satellite and transmit it to the measurement and control transponder, and transmit the reverse signal processed by the measurement and control transponder to the relay satellite; a ground measurement and control transceiver antenna, configured to omnidirectionally receive the uplink remote control signal of the ground measurement and control station and forward it to the measurement and control transponder, and transmit the downlink telemetry signal of the measurement and control transponder to the ground measurement and control station; an on-ground measurement and control transceiver antenna, configured to perform reverse communication with the ground measurement and control station when the satellite attitude flips, so as to jointly realize satellite-ground communication with the ground measurement and control transceiver antenna; a ground-based opportunistic transceiver antenna, configured to receive the opportunistic access signal of the ground unscheduled scheduling, so that the satellite can dynamically access the ground-based measurement and control network; a microwave network, configured to distribute the signals received by the antenna to the corresponding channels of the measurement and control transponder in the uplink direction, route the measurement and control transponder signals to the target antenna or the relay power amplifier in the downlink direction, and the star computer controls the switching of the relay measurement and control transceiver antenna; a measurement and control transponder, connecting the microwave network and the telemetry and remote control terminal, receiving the uplink signal of the microwave network and sending it to the telemetry and remote control terminal, and receiving the telemetry data of the telemetry and remote control terminal and modulating it into a downlink signal and routing it to the corresponding antenna through the microwave network; a relay power amplifier, configured to amplify the reverse telemetry signal output by the measurement and control transponder, filter it and send it to the relay measurement and control transceiver antenna through the microwave network, and send it to the relay satellite; a telemetry and remote control terminal, configured to collect the satellite status data and send it to the measurement and control transponder, receive the remote control command of the measurement and control transponder and execute it or forward it to the star computer; and a star computer, configured to control the microwave network to switch the relay measurement and control transceiver antenna according to the satellite attitude information.

2. The multi-system TT&C system adapted to omnidirectional relay and space-ground opportunistic access according to claim 1, wherein The measurement and control transponder is configured as measurement and control transponder A and measurement and control transponder B that are hot standby for each other. Measurement and control transponder A is configured to receive the on-ground relay signal, and measurement and control transponder B is configured to receive the on-ground relay signal.

3. The multi-system TT&C system adapted to omnidirectional relay and space-ground opportunistic access according to claim 2, characterized in that The measurement and control transponder includes: a spread spectrum channel, arranged in measurement and control transponder A and measurement and control transponder B, connected to the microwave network, configured for non-coherent spread spectrum measurement and control of the ground and data uploading, receiving the spread spectrum remote control signal of the ground measurement and control station in the uplink and demodulating it, and modulating the telemetry data into a spread spectrum signal in the downlink and sending it to the ground measurement and control station through the satellite-ground omnidirectional antenna; a relay receiving channel, arranged in measurement and control transponder A and measurement and control transponder B, connected to the microwave network, for receiving the forward signal of the relay satellite and adaptively demodulating it; a relay transmitting channel, arranged in measurement and control transponder A and measurement and control transponder B, connected to the relay power amplifier, for modulating the telemetry data into an SMA signal and transmitting it through the relay power amplifier and amplifying it through the relay measurement and control transceiver antenna; an opportunistic channel, connected to the ground-based opportunistic transceiver antenna and the microwave network, for accessing the ground unscheduled scheduling signal and realizing dynamic measurement and control connection.

4. The multi-system measurement and control system adapted to omnidirectional relay and space-ground opportunistic access according to claim 3, characterized in that, The microwave network includes: a ground-based measurement and control microwave network, including: The four-port network connects the space-based TT&C transceiver antenna and the ground-based TT&C transceiver antenna. In the uplink direction, the conventional TT&C signals are split to the spread spectrum channel of the TT&C transponder. In the downlink direction, the telemetry signals of the spread spectrum channel are combined and routed to the space-based TT&C transceiver antenna and the ground-based TT&C transceiver antenna, realizing full-attitude ground-based signal interaction. Two duplexers are used to connect the spread spectrum channel of the measurement and control transponder A and the four-port network, respectively, and the spread spectrum channel of the measurement and control transponder B and the four-port network, to ensure the independent transmission of the two-way signals between the spread spectrum channels of the measurement and control transponder A and the measurement and control transponder B and the space measurement and control transceiver antenna and the ground measurement and control transceiver antenna, so as to avoid co-frequency interference; The random duplexer connects the ground-based random transceiver antenna and the random channel, separates the uplink remote control and downlink telemetry bands of the random access signal, ensures the one-way transmission of the unplanned scheduling signal through the random channel, and supports signal isolation during dynamic access.

5. The multi-system measurement and control system adapted to omnidirectional relay and space-ground opportunistic access according to claim 4, characterized in that, The microwave network also includes: Relay measurement and control microwave network, including: Relay duplexer A, the output end of which is connected to the relay measurement and control transceiver antenna for the sky and the relay receiving channel of the measurement and control transponder A, and the output end of which is connected to the microwave switch 1 and the relay measurement and control transceiver antenna for the sky, and is used to separate the forward receiving and return transmitting frequency bands of the relay satellite signal, so that the relay receiving channel of the measurement and control transponder A only receives the forward signal, and the relay transmitting channel only outputs the return signal; The relay duplexer B has an output end connected to the microwave switch 2 and the relay measurement and control transceiver antenna facing the sky, and an input end connected to the microwave switch 1 and the microwave switch 2, and is used to separate the forward receiving and return transmitting frequency bands of the relay satellite signal, so that the relay receiving channel of the measurement and control transponder B only receives the forward signal, and the relay transmitting channel only outputs the return signal; Microwave switch 1, the input end of which is connected to the relay duplexer and the relay power amplifier, and the output end of which is connected to the relay duplexer A and the relay duplexer B. It is controlled by the satellite service computer and switches the receiving antenna according to the satellite attitude. When the satellite is oriented to the ground, the sky-facing relay measurement and control transceiver antenna is selected. When the satellite attitude flips, it switches to the ground-facing relay measurement and control transceiver antenna. Microwave switch 2, whose input end is connected to microwave switch 1, the surface relay measurement and control transceiver antenna and the ground relay measurement and control transceiver antenna, and whose output end is connected to the relay receiving channel of measurement and control transponder B, the surface relay measurement and control transceiver antenna and the ground relay measurement and control transceiver antenna. It is linked with microwave switch 1 to switch the transmitting antenna according to the satellite attitude. When orienting to the ground, the return signal of the relay transmitting channel is transmitted to the relay satellite through the surface relay measurement and control transceiver antenna. When the attitude is flipped, the transmission is switched to the ground relay measurement and control transceiver antenna to ensure that the downlink signal is aligned with the direction of the relay satellite to avoid energy divergence.

6. The multi-system measurement and control system adapted to omnidirectional relay and space-ground opportunistic access according to claim 1, characterized in that The relay amplifier comprises: Relay fixed amplifier, used to amplify the return link signal output by the measurement and control transponder; The filter is used to filter the signal after amplification by the relay fixed amplifier to remove stray noise and avoid interference with other links; The combiner is used to combine the signals of multiple relay transmission channels into one channel and transmit it through the same relay measurement and control antenna to achieve resource multiplexing.

7. The multi-system measurement and control system adapted to omnidirectional relay and space-ground opportunistic access according to claim 1, characterized in that, The measurement and control transponder further includes a relay SMA measurement and control module, which is configured to switch between a continuous measurement and control mode and a short message measurement and control mode; Wherein, in the continuous measurement and control mode, the relay SMA measurement and control module directly transmits the telemetry signal to the SMA power amplifier for amplification to output a continuous telemetry signal; In the short message measurement and control mode, the relay SMA measurement and control module modulates the SMA power amplifier according to a preset duty cycle to achieve amplification and output of the telemetry signal.

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