Cold extrusion forming equipment for gear production and machining

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of cold extrusion forming, and discloses cold extrusion forming equipment for gear production and machining. The extrusion seat is arranged above the operation table; the linear telescopic mechanism is fixed at the top of the operation table, and the telescopic end is fixed with the extrusion seat; and the forming mechanism is arranged at the top of the operation table and comprises an installation base detachably installed at the top of the operation table, a movable sleeve arranged at the top of the installation base, a forming mold formed by splicing a plurality of mold splicing single bodies and a contraction driving assembly. According to the forming mechanism provided by the invention, by adopting a splicing forming mold and a linkage structure, the mold monomers are driven to be unfolded outwards during demolding to realize complete separation of a gear and the inner wall of a mold cavity, so that the demolding friction resistance is greatly reduced, and the surface of the mold is prevented from being scratched and abraded; the modular mold design supports single replacement, the maintenance cost is remarkably reduced, and the overall service life of the mold is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of cold extrusion forming, and more specifically, it relates to a cold extrusion forming device for gear production and processing. Background Art

[0002] The gear cold extrusion forming process is an advanced processing technology that directly obtains high-precision tooth profiles by causing plastic deformation of metal billets in a closed die cavity under high pressure at normal temperature. Compared with traditional cutting processes, it has significant advantages such as high material utilization rate, fast processing efficiency, and excellent mechanical properties of products.

[0003] However, most of the forming dies used in existing cold extrusion forming devices are of an integral structure. When processing gears with complex tooth profiles or densely spaced teeth, the formed gears fit tightly against the inner wall of the die cavity, and the frictional resistance during demolding increases significantly. Due to the plastic deformation characteristics of the metal billet during the extrusion forming process, there will inevitably be a certain roughness and burrs on the surface of the formed gear. When forced demolding is carried out through the ejection mechanism, the protruding parts on the gear surface are prone to scraping against the inner wall of the die cavity, which not only further increases the demolding resistance but also causes scratches and wear on the die cavity surface. As the number of production batches increases, the die loss rate accelerates, making it difficult to meet the requirements for die life and processing accuracy in large-scale continuous production. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a cold extrusion forming device for gear production and processing to solve the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0005] The present invention solves the above-mentioned existing technical problems through the following technical solutions:

[0006] The present invention provides a cold extrusion forming device for gear production and processing, including:

[0007] An operating table;

[0008] An extrusion seat, arranged above the operating table;

[0009] A linear telescopic mechanism, fixed to the top of the operating table, and its telescopic end is fixed to the extrusion seat;

[0010] A forming mechanism, arranged on the top of the operating table, which includes: a mounting base detachably installed on the top of the operating table, a movable sleeve arranged on the top of the mounting base, a forming die composed of a plurality of die splicing monomers, and a contraction driving component. The movable sleeve coaxially sleeved outside the forming die, and the contraction driving component connects the movable sleeve and each die splicing monomer to drive the forming die to switch between a tightened posture and an expanded posture;

[0011] The ejection mechanism is provided on the operating table and includes a telescopic driving source and a jacking assembly connected to the telescopic end of the telescopic driving source. The jacking assembly includes a driving part connected to the movable sleeve and an ejection part located below the mounting base. The ejection part is used to eject the formed gear part.

[0012] Preferably, the contraction driving assembly includes a transmission gear rotatably disposed within the mounting base, a driving rack and a driven rack respectively meshing with both sides of the transmission gear. The driving rack is connected to the movable sleeve, and the driven rack is connected to the corresponding formed mold splicing unit.

[0013] Preferably, a plurality of balls are provided at the bottom of each of the mold splicing units, and the balls are in rolling contact with the upper surface of the mounting base.

[0014] Preferably, a limiting slider is fixed to the upper end of each of the mold splicing units, and a limiting groove adapted to the limiting slider is provided inside the movable sleeve.

[0015] Preferably, a slope is provided in the middle of the outer side of each of the mold splicing units, and a groove mouth that is in abutting fit with the slope is correspondingly provided inside the movable sleeve.

[0016] Preferably, the driving part is at least two connecting rods fixed to the telescopic end of the telescopic driving source. The connecting rods slide through the operating table and the mounting base and are fixed to the movable sleeve. The ejection part is a ejector rod fixed to the top end of the telescopic end of the telescopic driving source.

[0017] Preferably, the top end of the connecting rod is higher than the top end of the ejector rod, and the connecting rod and the ejector rod are lifted and lowered synchronously.

[0018] Preferably, the linear telescopic mechanism is a hydraulic cylinder, and both sides of the extrusion seat are slidably connected to the slide rods fixed to the top of the operating table.

[0019] Preferably, the number of the mold splicing units is four, and the adjacent mold splicing units are equally spaced and contracted or expanded through the contraction driving assembly.

[0020] Preferably, the driven rack is detachably fixed to the outer side of the mold splicing unit by bolts.

[0021] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0022] The forming mechanism provided by the present invention, by adopting a splicable forming mold and a linkage structure, drives the mold monomers to expand outwards during demolding to completely separate the gear from the inner wall of the mold cavity, greatly reducing the demolding friction resistance and avoiding scratching and wear on the mold surface; the modular mold design supports individual replacement of the monomers, significantly reducing the maintenance cost and extending the overall life of the mold; at the same time, through the coordinated locking of the movable sleeve and the contraction driving assembly, it is ensured that the mold is in a stable tightened posture during extrusion, improving the gear forming accuracy and mechanical properties, and meeting the requirements of mass continuous production. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0023] Figure 1 Fig. is a schematic structural view of a cold extrusion forming device for gear production and processing provided by the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 Fig. is a side view of a cold extrusion forming device for gear production and processing provided by the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 Fig. is a schematic structural view between the forming mechanism and the ejecting mechanism in a cold extrusion forming device for gear production and processing provided by the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 Fig. is a schematic structural view inside the forming die in a cold extrusion forming device for gear production and processing provided by the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 Fig. is a partial sectional view of the forming mechanism in a cold extrusion forming device for gear production and processing provided by the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 Fig. is a side view of the forming mechanism and the ejecting mechanism in a cold extrusion forming device for gear production and processing provided by the present invention;

[0029] Figure 7 Fig. is a schematic structural view between the forming die and the shrinkage driving component in a cold extrusion forming device for gear production and processing provided by the present invention.

[0030] In the figures: 1, operating table; 2, extrusion seat; 3, linear telescopic mechanism; 4, forming mechanism; 41, mounting base; 42, movable sleeve; 421, limiting groove; 43, forming die; 431, die splicing unit; 432, ball; 433, limiting slider; 44, shrinkage driving component; 441, driving gear; 442, driving rack; 443, driven rack; 5, ejecting mechanism; 51, telescopic driving source; 52, jacking component; 521, connecting rod; 522, ejector rod; 6, blank. Detailed Embodiments

[0031] Now, the subject matter described herein will be discussed with reference to exemplary embodiments. It should be understood that discussing these embodiments is only to enable those skilled in the art to better understand and thus implement the subject matter described herein. Without departing from the scope of protection of the content of this specification, changes can be made to the functions and arrangements of the elements discussed. Each example can omit, substitute, or add various processes or components as needed. Additionally, the features described relative to some examples can also be combined in other examples.

[0032] Please refer to in combination Figures 1 to 4, A cold extrusion forming device for gear production and processing, comprising: an operating table 1, an extrusion seat 2, a linear telescopic mechanism 3, a forming mechanism 4 and an ejection mechanism 5. Among them, the extrusion seat 2 is arranged above the operating table 1, and an extrusion head adapted to the forming mechanism 4 is installed at its bottom. The linear telescopic mechanism 3 is fixed to the top of the operating table 1, and its telescopic end is fixedly connected to the top of the extrusion seat 2. The linear telescopic mechanism 3 is a hydraulic cylinder. Four slide bars are also fixed to the top of the operating table 1. The two sides of the extrusion seat 2 are respectively slidably connected to the four slide bars, which play a role in stably limiting the extrusion seat 2. The forming mechanism 4 is arranged on the top of the operating table 1, and it includes a mounting base 41 detachably installed on the top of the operating table 1, a movable sleeve 42 arranged on the top of the mounting base 41, a forming die 43 formed by splicing a number of die splicing monomers 431, and a contraction driving component 44. The movable sleeve 42 is coaxially sleeved outside the forming die 43. The contraction driving component 44 connects the movable sleeve 42 and each die splicing monomer 431. The number of die splicing monomers 431 is generally set to four. A plurality of balls 432 are arranged at the bottom of each die splicing monomer 431, and the balls 432 are in rolling contact with the upper surface of the mounting base 41. The balls 432 are used to reduce the friction between the die splicing monomer 431 and the mounting base 41. A limiting slider 433 is fixed to the upper end of each die splicing monomer 431, and a limiting groove 421 for sliding cooperation with the limiting slider 433 is arranged on the movable sleeve 42. Through the sliding cooperation between the limiting slider 433 and the limiting groove 421, a lateral limiting effect can be exerted on the die splicing monomer 431, so that the die splicing monomer 431 can maintain stability during the contraction and expansion activities. In addition, a slope is arranged in the middle of the outer side of each die splicing monomer 431, and a groove adapted to the slope is arranged on the inner side of the movable sleeve 42. After the die splicing monomers 431 are closed, the groove on the inner side of the movable sleeve 42 is closely attached to the die splicing monomers 431 to squeeze and press the outside of the spliced forming die 43. The ejection mechanism 5 is arranged in the operating table 1, and it includes a telescopic driving source 51 and a jacking component 52 connected to the telescopic end of the telescopic driving source 51. The jacking component 52 includes a driving part connected to the movable sleeve 42 and a jacking part located below the mounting base 41. The telescopic driving source 51 can be an electric push rod.

[0033] When processing the gear, the forming mold 43 is in a closed state, and the blank 6 is placed in the forming mold 43. The linear telescopic mechanism 3 extends downward, which can drive the extrusion seat 2 to move downward step by step, and finally the extrusion head at the bottom of the extrusion seat 2 generates an extrusion force on the blank 6, so that the blank 6 is deformed in the forming mold 43 and is finally extruded into a gear shape. After that, the linear telescopic mechanism 3 begins to shrink, driving the extrusion seat 2 to move upward and separate from the forming mold 43, and then the telescopic driving source 51 extends, so that the driving part and the ejection part can move upward together. The upward movement of the driving part can drive the movable sleeve 42 to move upward synchronously, and the contraction driving component 44, under the driving action of the movable sleeve 42, synchronously drives the corresponding mold splicing monomer 431 to move closer to the movable sleeve 42, so that the molded gear part and the mold splicing monomer 431 are gradually separated. When the top of the ejection part moves upward and contacts the bottom of the molded gear part, the mold splicing monomer 431 has been completely separated from the molded gear part, so that the forming mold 43 is in an expanded posture, so that the forming after molding is realized. The gear part and the molding die 43 have an automatic and quick separation function. After that, the linear telescopic mechanism 3 continues to extend, which can drive the ejection part to lift up the molded gear part, and the movable sleeve 42 continues to be driven by the driving part to move upward until the molded gear part moves to the top of the molding die 43, and the molded gear part can be removed. The telescopic driving source 51 contracts, which can drive the ejection part and the driving part to move downward together, and the movable sleeve 42 begins to move downward with the driving part, and drives the contraction driving component 44 to move, so that the contraction driving component 44 synchronously drives the corresponding mold splicing monomer 431 away from the movable sleeve 42, and the four mold splicing monomers 431 gradually gather together, and when each mold splicing monomer 431 is closed, an interference fit of 0.02-0.05mm is formed between adjacent monomers, and finally spliced into a complete molding die 43, so that the molding die 43 switches to a tightening posture. At this time, the processing operation of a gear part is completed, and then a new blank 6 is placed in the molding die 43, and the above steps are repeated to continuously produce gear parts. It can be seen that the above-mentioned molding mechanism 4 has a dynamic contraction mechanism. In the extrusion stage, the movable sleeve 42 and the contraction drive assembly 44 are used to double lock the spliced molding mold 43 to ensure that the mold maintains a stable tightening posture when subjected to high pressure; in the demolding stage, the posture switching is used to make the spliced monomers of the mold expand outward to achieve complete separation of the gear and the mold cavity. This process greatly reduces the friction resistance and surface scratch risk between the gear and the mold cavity during ejection, and effectively protects the integrity of the inner wall of the mold; at the same time, the modular splicing structure design can be used to achieve rapid and independent replacement when a single mold splicing monomer 431 is damaged, which significantly reduces the mold maintenance cost, avoids the scrapping of adjacent intact mold components, and improves resource utilization.

[0034] Please refer to Figures 3 to 6, the shrinkage driving assembly 44 includes a transmission gear 441 rotatably disposed within the mounting base 41, a driving rack 442 and a driven rack 443 respectively meshing with both sides of the transmission gear 441. The driving rack 442 is connected to the movable sleeve 42, and the driven rack 443 is connected to the corresponding forming die 43 splicing unit. The driven rack 443 is fixed to the outside of the die splicing unit 431 by a plurality of bolts. When the die splicing unit 431 is damaged, it can be replaced individually.

[0035] The usage process of the above shrinkage driving assembly 44 is as follows: after the gear part is formed, by moving the movable sleeve 42 upward, the driving rack 442 can be driven to move upward. The transmission gear 441 starts to rotate under the driving action of the driving rack 442, and the driven rack 443 is driven by the driving rack 442 to start moving horizontally. Finally, the die splicing unit 431 connected thereto is driven to move closer to the inside of the movable sleeve 42, so that the forming die 43 is switched to the unfolded posture. After the formed gear part is taken out, the movable sleeve 42 starts to move downward, causing the driving rack 442 to move downward, and the transmission gear 441 drives the driven rack 443 to reset. The die splicing unit 431 returns to its initial position, and the forming die 43 is switched to the tightened posture. Then, the blank 6 is placed into the forming die 43. During the process of being extruded and deformed, the bottom of the die splicing unit 431 is locked by the shrinkage driving assembly 44, and the middle part of its outside is squeezed and tightened by the inner groove of the movable sleeve 42, so that the forming die 43 can always be in a stable tightened posture when receiving the acting force, ensuring that the blank 6 is smoothly extruded into a gear part. In this way, the shrinkage driving assembly 44 can not only realize the coordinated linkage between the movable sleeve 42 and the die splicing unit 431 to switch the posture of the forming die 43, but also the shrinkage driving assembly 44 itself has a locking function for the forming die 43.

[0036] Please refer to Figure 3 and Figure 7 , the driving part is at least two connecting rods 521 fixed to the telescopic end of the telescopic driving source 51. The connecting rods 521 sequentially slide upward through the operating table 1 and the mounting base 41 and are connected to the movable sleeve 42. The ejecting part is a ejector rod 522 fixed to the top of the telescopic end of the telescopic driving source 51. In the present invention, two connecting rods 521 are provided, and the two connecting rods 521 are symmetrically distributed at both ends of the telescopic end of the telescopic driving source 51.

[0037] When the above-mentioned ejection mechanism 5 is in use, by extending the telescopic driving source 51, the ejector rod 522 and the connecting rod 521 can be driven to move upward together. Since the top end of the connecting rod 521 is higher than the top end of the ejector rod 522, the connecting rod 521 drives the movable sleeve 42 to move upward first, and then the top end of the ejector rod 522 starts to contact the bottom of the formed gear part, and then the formed gear part is ejected. In this way, the function of automatically ejecting the formed gear part is realized. And the ejection mechanism 5 realizes the function of switching the forming die 43 to the unfolded posture in advance before ejecting the formed gear part by cooperating with the movable sleeve 42. In this way, there is no need to separately set a driving source to drive the lifting of the movable sleeve 42, and the use cost is lower.

[0038] The embodiments of the present invention have been described above. However, the present invention is not limited to the above specific embodiments. The above specific embodiments are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Under the inspiration of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art can also make many forms, all of which fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cold extrusion forming device for gear production and processing, characterized in that, Comprising: Operating table; Extrusion seat, arranged above the operating table; Linear telescopic mechanism, fixed to the top of the operating table, and its telescopic end is fixed to the extrusion seat; Forming mechanism, arranged on the top of the operating table, which includes: a mounting base detachably installed on the top of the operating table, a movable sleeve arranged on the top of the mounting base, a forming die assembled by a plurality of die splicing monomers, and a contraction driving component. The movable sleeve coaxially sleeved outside the forming die, and the contraction driving component connects the movable sleeve and each die splicing monomer to drive the forming die to switch between a tightened posture and an unfolded posture; Ejecting mechanism, arranged on the operating table, including: a telescopic driving source and an ejecting component connected to the telescopic end of the telescopic driving source. The ejecting component includes a driving part connected to the movable sleeve and an ejecting part located below the mounting base. The ejecting part is used to eject the formed gear part.

2. The cold extrusion forming equipment for gear production and processing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The contraction driving component includes a transmission gear rotating in the mounting base, a driving rack and a driven rack respectively meshing with both sides of the transmission gear. The driving rack is connected to the movable sleeve, and the driven rack is connected to the corresponding die splicing monomer.

3. A cold extrusion forming device for gear production and processing according to claim 1, characterized in that, A plurality of balls are arranged at the bottom of each die splicing monomer, and the balls are in rolling contact with the upper surface of the mounting base.

4. A cold extrusion forming device for gear production and processing according to claim 1, characterized in that, Limit sliders are fixed to the upper ends of the die splicing monomers, and limit grooves adapted to the limit sliders are arranged on the inner side of the movable sleeve.

5. A cold extrusion forming device for gear production and processing according to claim 1, characterized in that, Slopes are arranged in the middle of the outer sides of the die splicing monomers, and corresponding grooves are arranged on the inner side of the movable sleeve to be in tight contact with the slopes.

6. A cold extrusion forming device for gear production and processing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The driving part is at least two connecting rods fixed to the telescopic end of the telescopic driving source. The connecting rods slide through the operating table and the mounting base and then are fixed to the movable sleeve. The ejecting part is a ejecting rod fixed to the top end of the telescopic end of the telescopic driving source.

7. A cold extrusion forming device for gear production and processing according to claim 6, characterized in that, The top ends of the connecting rods are higher than the top end of the ejecting rod, and the connecting rods and the ejecting rod are lifted and lowered synchronously.

8. A cold extrusion forming device for gear production and processing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The linear telescopic mechanism is a hydraulic cylinder, and both sides of the extrusion seat are slidably connected to sliding rods fixed to the top of the operating table.

9. The cold extrusion forming equipment for gear production and processing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of the die splicing monomers is four, and the adjacent die splicing monomers are equally spaced and contracted or unfolded by the contraction driving component.

10. The cold extrusion forming equipment for gear production and processing according to claim 2, characterized in that, The driven rack is detachably fixed to the outside of the die splicing monomer by bolts.

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