Anchor rod reducing device and reducing method thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of anchor rod machining, and discloses an anchor rod hole shrinkage device and a hole shrinkage method thereof.The anchor rod hole shrinkage device comprises an anchor rod, a multi-stage telescopic assembly and a pressing assembly; the multi-stage telescopic assemblies are distributed around the axis of the anchor rod body, and the tail end of each multi-stage telescopic assembly is connected with a pressing assembly. A sealed space is formed between the middle shell and the large shell, and the sealed space is filled with a liquid pressure transmitting medium; when the anchor rod body shrinks non-uniformly, the second supporting springs of the multi-stage telescopic assemblies deform differentially, so that the liquid pressure transmitting medium is injected into the anchor rod body in the area with the low water content through the hose. Transfer of liquid water and movement of the anchor rod at the low-water-content position of the liquid water tank are triggered through the deformation quantity difference, corresponding to different water contents, of the first supporting spring in the multi-stage telescopic assembly, so that the water content of wood at the low-water-content position is improved, the uniformity of the water content of all the positions of the anchor rod in the extrusion process is improved, and then the hole shrinkage quality of the wood anchor rod is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure belongs to the field of bolt processing, and particularly relates to a bolt necking device and a necking method thereof. Background Art

[0002] When necking a wooden bolt, lignin is usually pre-softened by high temperature pretreatment to reduce fiber rigidity, making the compression process more uniform and controllable, and avoiding brittle failure. Then, one end of the bolt that needs to be necked is placed in a necking machine, and necking treatment is carried out using extrusion force;

[0003] However, for example, the mold for a bolt necking machine and the bolt necking machine with the application number CN202321561340.2 can reduce or avoid the protrusion phenomenon during bolt necking, and there is no need to replace other accessories, and it has no impact on other parts of the bolt necking machine. However, when dealing with wooden bolts, after the high-temperature softening pretreatment of the wooden bolts, the water content distribution inside the wood is uneven. In the high-water-content area, the lignin plasticization degree is high and the rigidity is significantly reduced, while in the low-water-content area, the relatively high structural strength is still maintained. As a result, the rigidity strengths of different parts inside the wooden bolt are different, and direct extrusion and necking are likely to cause inconsistent deformation, thereby reducing the concentricity of the bolt. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the purpose of the present disclosure is to provide a bolt necking device and a necking method thereof, which solve the problem that in the prior art, due to the uneven distribution of water content inside the wooden bolt, the rigidity strengths of the fibers inside the bolt are different, and direct extrusion is likely to cause different amounts of deformation after necking, resulting in poor concentricity of the bolt.

[0005] The purpose of the present disclosure can be achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0006] A bolt necking device and a necking method thereof, comprising: a bolt, a multi-stage telescopic assembly, and a pressing assembly;

[0007] A bolt body and at least three groups of multi-stage telescopic assemblies distributed around its axis, with a pressing assembly connected to the end of each group of multi-stage telescopic assemblies;

[0008] The multi-stage telescopic assembly includes a large shell, a middle shell, and a small shell sleeved on each other from outside to inside in sequence, wherein:

[0009] A plurality of first support springs are arranged axially in the inner cavity of the large shell, and the elastic modulus of the first support springs is greater than that of the second support springs;

[0010] A second support spring is arranged axially in the inner cavity of the middle shell. A sealed space is formed between the middle shell and the large shell, and a liquid pressure transmission medium is filled in the sealed space;

[0011] The pressing assembly includes a liquid storage cavity communicating with the sealed space and a water injection port provided at its end, and the opening of the water injection port is controlled by the displacement of the middle housing.

[0012] When the bolt body undergoes non-uniform shrinkage, the second support springs of each multi-stage telescopic assembly undergo differential deformation, driving the corresponding middle housing to compress the sealed space, so that the liquid pressure transmission medium is injected into the bolt body in the area with lower water content through the hose.

[0013] In some disclosures, a one-way valve penetrating the large housing is provided on the side wall of the large housing, and a liquid infusion tube is connected to one end of the one-way valve away from the multi-stage telescopic assembly, and a water tank is connected to one end of the liquid infusion tube away from the one-way valve.

[0014] In some disclosures, a limiting rod is fixed to the upper end of the large housing, and an annular disc is provided at the upper end of the large housing. A plurality of guiding grooves are provided inside the annular disc, and the distances between the two ends of the guiding grooves and the center of the circle are different, and the moving path of the limiting rod is the same as that of the guiding grooves.

[0015] In some disclosures, the side of the annular disc away from the bolt is connected to the output end of a servo motor, and the servo motor is concentrically arranged with the annular disc.

[0016] In some disclosures, the pressing assembly includes a support rod, a pressing plate and a water spraying port. A support rod is fixed to the end of the small housing away from the large housing, and a pressing plate is fixed to the end of the support rod away from the multi-stage telescopic assembly. A water spraying port is provided through the inner side of the pressing plate, and one end of the water spraying port away from the bolt is connected to the hose.

[0017] In some disclosures, a telescopic rod is fixed to the side of the large housing away from the annular disc, and the inner pipe end of the telescopic rod is fixed to the outer wall of the pressing plate, and a reinforcing rib is fixed between the end of the telescopic rod and the small housing.

[0018] In some disclosures, a puncturing assembly is fixed to the side of the pressing plate away from the small housing. The puncturing assembly includes a torsion spring, a probe and a puncturing needle. A plurality of torsion springs are welded equidistantly on the side of the pressing plate close to the bolt, and a probe is fixed to one end of the torsion spring away from the pressing plate, and a puncturing needle is fixed to one end of the probe close to the torsion spring.

[0019] In some disclosures, a cross-shaped silicone valve is fixed to the end of the hose passing through the large housing, and a heating unit is laid at the bottom of the inner cavity of the water tank.

[0020] In some disclosures, rubber layers are symmetrically arranged on the side walls of the pressing plate with respect to the vertical center line of the pressing plate, and a plurality of vertically arranged through holes are provided through the inner sides of the rubber layers.

[0021] The method for reducing the diameter of the bolt includes the following steps:

[0022] S1. When in use, the first support spring and the second support spring maintain their original lengths. At this time, the probe is perpendicular to the side wall of the pressing plate. Meanwhile, the anchor rod is subjected to high-temperature softening pretreatment by a steam-heated vacuum drying kiln.

[0023] S2. Then, one end of the anchor rod that needs to be reduced in diameter is inserted into the center of the ring surrounded by multiple pressing plates. During the insertion process of the anchor rod, the side wall of the anchor rod first contacts the end of the probe. The friction force between the probe and the anchor rod drives the torsion spring to bend until the probe fits into the fiber gap on the anchor rod. As the anchor rod penetrates deeper, the sharp part of the puncture needle slides along the longitudinal lines on the side wall of the anchor rod and pierces through the transverse lines that hinder the relative sliding of the puncture needle, thereby cutting the transverse fibers and reducing the peak value of the local shear stress.

[0024] S3. At this time, the servo motor is started. The servo motor drives the concentric rotation of the annular disc. The thrust of the side wall of the guiding groove on the limiting rod drives the limiting rod and the large shell to move towards the side close to the center of the annular disc, so as to simultaneously drive multiple large shells to move towards the side close to the anchor rod, and apply a pressure close to the center of the anchor rod to the pressing component through the middle shell and the small shell.

[0025] S4. Meanwhile, when the water content in each part of the anchor rod is different, the reaction forces exerted by the parts with different water contents on the multi-stage telescopic component are different. The reaction force exerted by the part with a low water content on the corresponding multi-stage telescopic component of the anchor rod increases, making the deformation of the first support spring in the multi-stage telescopic component corresponding to the part with a low water content in the anchor rod larger than that corresponding to the part with a high water content.

[0026] S5. The first support spring contracts inward, reducing the space in the sealed space and squeezing the liquid water in the sealed space, causing the liquid water to expand outward and pass through the cross-shaped silica gel valve and be transported through the hose to the periphery of the pressing plate corresponding to the part with a low water content of the anchor rod, thereby realizing the water replenishment for the part with a low water content of the anchor rod.

[0027] S6. After one reduction in the diameter of the anchor rod, the anchor rod is pulled out, and then the angle of the anchor rod is changed by rotating the anchor rod, and steps S2 - S5 are repeated to evenly press the outer side of the anchor rod.

[0028] The explanations of the nouns, conjunctions or adjectives involved in the above technical solutions are as follows:

[0029] Fixed connection means that after the parts or components are fixed, there is no relative movement connection.

[0030] Rotational connection means that the connection between parts allows the parts to rotate relative to each other.

[0031] Threaded connection is a detachable fixed connection, which has the advantages of simple structure, reliable connection, convenient installation and disassembly, etc., and is widely used in the fields of mechanical engineering and connection structures;

[0032] Sliding connection means that the connection between parts allows the parts to slide relative to each other.

[0033] Advantages of the present disclosure:

[0034] 1. By arranging multiple sets of multi-stage telescopic components around, and the multiple sets of multi-stage telescopic components include multiple springs with different strengths. When the multi-stage telescopic components push the pressing components to move towards the side close to the central axis of the wood, a uniform pressure is applied to the wood. Since the hardness of the low water content part of the wood is higher, during the compression process of the multi-stage telescopic components, the reaction force of the anchor rod at the low water content part on the multiple sets of pressing components is larger, and this causes the first support spring to deform. By utilizing the difference in the deformation amount of the first support spring, the transfer of liquid water is triggered, and the anchor rod at the low water content part of the liquid water tank moves, so as to increase the water content of the wood at this part, improve the uniformity of the water content of each part of the anchor rod during the extrusion process, and further improve the quality of the diameter reduction of the wooden anchor rod;

[0035] 2. The piercing component can pierce the cross grains on the outer side of the anchor rod before diameter reduction, thereby destroying the bridging effect caused by the cross grains to inhibit the propagation of longitudinal cracks and reducing stress concentration. By eliminating in advance the source of shear stress concentration of the transverse fibers during compression, the peak value of the local shear stress is decreased. Description of the Drawings

[0036] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, for those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0037] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0038] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of another perspective of an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0039] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the multi-stage telescopic component and the pressing component of an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0040] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the explosion structure of the servo motor and the annular disc of an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0041] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the water tank of an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0042] Figure 6Schematic diagram of the connection structure between the compression plate and the puncture assembly according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0043] Figure 7 is an embodiment of the present disclosure Figure 3 top view schematic diagram;

[0044] Figure 8 is an embodiment of the present disclosure Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the A-A sectional structure in the middle.

[0045] In the figure: 1, anchor bolt; 2, telescopic rod; 21, reinforcing rib; 3, servo motor; 4, annular disc; 41, guide groove; 5, multi-stage telescopic assembly; 51, large housing; 52, middle housing; 53, small housing; 54, first support spring; 55, second support spring; 511, sealed space; 512, limiting rod; 6, compression assembly; 61, support rod; 62, compression plate; 63, water spray port; 64, liquid storage cavity; 621, rubber layer; 622, through hole; 7, hose; 71, cross-shaped silicone valve; 8, one-way valve; 81, infusion tube; 82, water tank; 821, heating unit; 9, puncture assembly; 91, torsion spring; 92, probe; 93, puncture needle. Detailed implementation manners

[0046] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present disclosure. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present disclosure, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present disclosure, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present disclosure.

[0047] Please refer to Figures 1 to 8 , the anchor bolt diameter reduction device and its diameter reduction method, including: anchor bolt 1, multi-stage telescopic assembly 5 and compression assembly 6;

[0048] The body of the anchor bolt 1 and at least three groups of multi-stage telescopic assemblies 5 distributed around its axis, and the end of each group of multi-stage telescopic assemblies 5 is connected with a compression assembly 6;

[0049] The multi-stage telescopic assembly 5 includes a large housing 51, a middle housing 52 and a small housing 53 sleeved in sequence from outside to inside, where:

[0050] A plurality of first support springs 54 are arranged axially in the inner cavity of the large housing 51, and the elastic modulus of the first support spring 54 is greater than the elastic modulus of the second support spring 55;

[0051] A second support spring 55 is arranged axially in the inner cavity of the middle housing 52, a sealed space 511 is formed between the middle housing 52 and the large housing 51, and a liquid pressure transmission medium is filled in the sealed space 511;

[0052] The pressing component 6 includes a liquid storage cavity 64 communicating with the sealed space 511 and a water injection port provided at its end, and the opening of the water injection port is controlled by the displacement amount of the middle housing 52;

[0053] When the main body of the bolt 1 undergoes non-uniform contraction, the second support springs 55 of the multi-stage telescopic components 5 generate differential deformations, driving the corresponding middle housing 52 to compress the sealed space 511, so that the liquid pressure transmission medium is injected into the main body of the bolt 1 in the area with lower water content through the hose 7.

[0054] During use, the bolt 1 is inserted into the center point of the ring surrounded by the plurality of multi-stage telescopic components 5. The outer wall of the bolt 1 is separated into multiple parts by the plurality of multi-stage telescopic components 5. When the plurality of multi-stage telescopic components 5 contract inward, since the elastic modulus range of the first support spring 54 is 180-220 GPa and the elastic modulus range of the second support spring 55 is 80-120 GPa, the first support spring 54 serves as a rigid support structure and needs to resist external pressure and maintain the overall stability of the multi-stage telescopic component 5. The high elastic modulus of the first support spring 54 ensures that during the compression process of the bolt 1, the large housing 51 will not deform prematurely, so that the deformation energy is concentrated and transmitted into the second support spring 55 in the middle housing 52. The second support spring 55 forms a buffer between the pressing component 6 and the large housing 51, and when the large housing 51 moves towards the side close to the bolt 1, the multi-stage telescopic component 5 applies a progressive pressure to the pressing component 6 and the bolt 1. The second support spring 55 first contracts inward and applies a force to contract the bolt 1 through its elastic restoring force. If the material of the bolt 1 is wood, when its diameter needs to be reduced, it is necessary to first perform high-temperature softening pretreatment. During the high-temperature treatment process, when the water content inside the bolt 1 is different, the deformation amount of the first support spring 54 in the multi-stage telescopic component 5 corresponding to the part with lower water content in the bolt 1 is larger than that corresponding to the part with higher water content. When the large housing 521 moves towards the side close to the first support spring 54, the liquid water in the compressed sealed space 511 flows into the pressing component 6 through the hose 7 and is poured from the pressing component 6 onto the bolt 1 corresponding to the pressing component 6, so as to separately replenish water to the part of the bolt 1 with lower water content, so as to improve the uniformity of the water content of each part of the bolt 1 during the extrusion process, and further improve the quality of the diameter reduction of the wooden bolt 1. When the water content of each part of the wood is different, the deformation amounts of the first support spring 54 on the multi-stage telescopic components 5 corresponding to the parts with different water contents are different. By using the different deformation amounts of the first support spring 54 corresponding to different multi-stage telescopic components 5 to trigger the liquid water in the sealed space 511 to enter the pressing component 6, the structure (i.e., the part with lower water content) on the bolt 1 that is more difficult to deform automatically replenishes water to its interior during the extrusion process, so as to increase the water content of the wood at this place, so as to improve the uniformity of the water content of each part of the bolt 1 during the extrusion process, and further improve the quality of the diameter reduction of the wooden bolt 1.

[0055] Meanwhile, since the first support spring 54 is immersed in liquid water for a long time, a flexible water-proof layer can be wrapped around the outside of the first support spring 54, or an epoxy resin coating can be sprayed to enhance the service life of the first support spring 54.

[0056] Please refer to Figures 1 to 4 A one-way valve 8 penetrating the large housing 51 is provided on the side wall of the large housing 51. One end of the one-way valve 8 far from the multi-stage telescopic assembly 5 is connected to an infusion tube 81, and one end of the infusion tube 81 far from the one-way valve 8 is connected to a water tank 82; liquid water for supplementing the water content of the anchor rod 1 is stored in the water tank 82. In the initial state, the first support spring 54 is in its original length state. At this time, the volume of the sealed space 511 is the largest. When the middle housing 52 moves towards one end close to the large housing 51, the first support spring 54 is squeezed and contracts inward. Since a one-way valve 8 is provided at the connection between the infusion tube 81 and the large housing 51, and the model of the one-way valve 8 is Baiyuekang CV-B43, when the middle housing 52 slides inward, the liquid water in the sealed space 511 is squeezed, making the liquid water tend to flow outward. At this time, by setting the one-way valve 8, the liquid in the sealed space 511 can enter the sealed space 511 from the infusion tube 81, while preventing the liquid water in the sealed space 511 from flowing back. When the middle housing 52 slides inward and the volume of the sealed space 511 shrinks, a certain thrust can be exerted on the liquid water in the sealed space 511 during this process, so as to achieve the effect that the liquid water passes through the hose 7 and the pressing assembly 6 and is injected into the anchor rod 1, so as to increase the water content inside the anchor rod 1, rather than only increasing the water content on the surface of the anchor rod 1.

[0057] Please refer to Figures 2 to 3 A limiting rod 512 is fixed to the upper end of the large housing 51, and an annular disc 4 is provided at the upper end of the large housing 51. A plurality of guide grooves 41 are opened inside the annular disc 4. The distances between the two ends of the guide grooves 41 and the center of the circle are different, and the moving path of the limiting rod 512 is the same as the moving path of the guide grooves 41.

[0058] Please refer to Figure 4 One side of the annular disc 4 far from the anchor rod 1 is connected to the output end of the servo motor 3, and the servo motor 3 is concentrically arranged with the annular disc 4.

[0059] When the servo motor 3 rotates, the servo motor 3 drives the annular disc 4 to rotate concentrically. Since the distances between the two ends of the guide grooves 41 and the center of the circle are different, during the rotation of the annular disc 4, circumferential restriction is applied to the large housing 51 through the middle housing 52 and the small housing 53. The thrust of the side wall of the guide groove 41 on the limiting rod 512 is used to drive the limiting rod 512 and the large housing 51 to move towards one side close to the center of the annular disc 4, so as to be able to drive a plurality of large housings 51 to move towards one side close to the anchor rod 1 at the same time, and a pressure close to the center of the anchor rod 1 is applied to the pressing assembly 6 through the middle housing 52 and the small housing 53, and the anchor rod 1 is squeezed by the pressing assembly 6 to change the diameter of the anchor rod 1.

[0060] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figures 7 to 8 As shown in Figures Figure 1 and Figures 7 to 8 , the pressing assembly 6 includes a support rod 61, a pressing plate 62 and a water spray port 63. One end of the small housing 53 away from the large housing 51 is fixed with a support rod 61, and one end of the support rod 61 away from the multi-stage telescopic assembly 5 is fixed with a pressing plate 62. A water spray port 63 is penetrated through the inner side of the pressing plate 62, and one end of the water spray port 63 away from the anchor rod 1 is connected to a hose 7.

[0061] During use, when the large housing 51 moves towards one end close to the central axis of the anchor rod 1, the second support spring 55 is compressed, driving the support rod 61 and the pressing plate 62 to move towards one end close to the anchor rod 1, and applying a squeezing force towards the central axis of the anchor rod 1 from the outside of the anchor rod 1, thereby pressing the diameter of the anchor rod 1 to contract inward, achieving the contraction of the diameter of the anchor rod 1. At the same time, when the anchor rod 1 fits with the pressing plate 62, the water spray port 63 is aligned with the anchor rod 1, so that the liquid water sprayed from the water spray port 63 at this time can be sprayed onto the anchor rod 1.

[0062] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 8 As shown in Figures Figure 1 and Figure 8 , one side of the large housing 51 away from the annular disc 4 is fixed with a telescopic rod 2, and the inner pipe end of the telescopic rod 2 is fixed to the outer wall of the pressing plate 62. A reinforcing rib 21 is fixed between the end of the telescopic rod 2 and the small housing 53.

[0063] The telescopic rod 2 is fixed to one end of the pressing plate 62 away from the small housing 53, and the outer pipe end of the telescopic rod 2 is fixedly connected to the large housing 51. At the same time, a spring with the same elastic modulus as the second support spring 55 is arranged between the outer pipe and the inner pipe of the telescopic rod 2. When the large housing 51 moves towards one side close to the central axis of the anchor rod 1, the spring inside the telescopic rod 2 can be driven to contract inward. When the spring contracts to a flat state, the telescopic rod 2 applies a pressure to the pressing plate 62 from one end of the pressing plate 62 away from the small housing 53, enabling the pressing plate 62 to evenly press the anchor rod 1 to improve the uniformity of the force on the outer wall of the anchor rod 1. At the same time, the overall strength of the pressing plate 62 in the vertical direction is improved through the reinforcing rib 21, which is beneficial to reducing the situation that the local pressure of the pressing plate 62 is too large and the stress concentration causes the pressing plate 62 to tilt when the multi-stage telescopic assembly 5 applies pressure to the pressing plate 62.

[0064] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 6 As shown in Figures Figure 1 and Figure 6 , a puncture assembly 9 is fixed to one side of the pressing plate 62 away from the small housing 53. The puncture assembly 9 includes a torsion spring 91, a probe 92 and a puncture needle 93. A plurality of torsion springs 91 are welded equidistantly on one side of the pressing plate 62 close to the anchor rod 1, and one end of the torsion spring 91 away from the pressing plate 62 is fixed with a probe 92, and one end of the probe 92 close to the torsion spring 91 is fixed with a puncture needle 93.

[0065] During use, one end of the torsion spring 91 is welded to the side wall of the pressing plate 62, and the other end of the torsion spring 91 is welded to one end of the probe 92. The gap between multiple torsion springs 91 is greater than the length of the probe 92, which is beneficial to reducing the interference between adjacent two probes 92;

[0066] When the anchor rod 1 is inserted between multiple pressing plates 62, the tip of the probe 92 is in contact with the outer wall of the anchor rod 1. When the anchor rod 1 penetrates inward, the friction between the probe 92 and the anchor rod 1 drives the torsion spring 91 to bend, and the end of the probe 92 moves toward the side close to the annular disc 4. At this time, the probe 92 is in contact with the fiber gap on the anchor rod 1. As the anchor rod 1 penetrates deeper, the sharp part of the puncture needle 93 slides along the longitudinal grain on the side wall of the anchor rod 1. When there are transverse grains interspersed between the longitudinal grains of the anchor rod 1, since the anchor rod 1 is subjected to high-temperature softening pretreatment before necking, the fiber strength on the outer wall of the anchor rod 1 is weak at this time, and the angle between the puncture needle 93 and the transverse grain is between 60-100 degrees. When the puncture needle 93 moves relative to the anchor rod 1, the transverse grain is cut off. Compared with the longitudinal grain, the angle between the puncture needle 93 and the transverse grain is closer to 90 degrees, so that the shear force dispersed when the puncture needle 93 contacts the transverse grain is smaller, and it is easier to penetrate the transverse grain, which is beneficial to cutting off the transverse fiber. The unbroken transverse fiber inhibits the propagation of longitudinal cracks through the bridging effect, which easily leads to stress concentration. By eliminating the shear stress concentration source of the transverse fiber during compression in advance, the local shear stress peak value decreases.

[0067] Please refer to Figure 8 , a cross-shaped silicone valve 71 is fixed at one end where the hose 7 penetrates through the large housing 51.

[0068] During use, when there is no external pressure on the liquid water in the sealed space 511, the surface tension of the liquid water is small, so that the liquid water in the sealed space 511 will not directly flow out under the action of gravity only, thereby reducing pollution to the outside.

[0069] Please refer to Figure 5 , a heating unit 821 is laid at the bottom of the inner cavity of the water tank 82.

[0070] During use, the heating unit 821 includes an electric heating wire, a temperature detection device and a temperature control device, and the electric heating wire, the temperature detection device and the temperature control device are electrically connected to control the working state of the heating unit 821 according to the signal detected by the temperature detection device. The electric heating wire is used to heat the liquid water in the water tank 82 to 60-70 °C, so that the liquid water can enter the high-temperature state. After reaching the high-temperature state, the temperature detection device (temperature sensor) sends the signal of the liquid water at this time to the temperature control device, and the temperature control device changes the power of the heating wire or turns off the heating wire to reduce the continuous boiling of the liquid water.

[0071] Please refer toFigures 7 to 8 On the side wall of the pressing plate 62, rubber layers 621 are symmetrically arranged with respect to the vertical center line of the pressing plate 62, and a plurality of through holes 622 in the vertical direction are penetrated through the inner sides of the rubber layers 621.

[0072] When the first support spring 54 and the second support spring 55 are in the original length state, the side walls of the rubber layers 621 on the side walls of the plurality of pressing plates 62 are mutually attached. When necking extrusion is performed, the diameter of the ring formed by the plurality of pressing plates 62 is reduced, so that the gap between the plurality of pressing plates 62 is decreased, and the rubber layers 621 are extruded by the pressing plates 62. Since the rubber layers 621 have good deformation ability, the rubber layers 621 contract inward, so that the through holes 622 in the rubber layers 621 are gradually closed, and the thickness of the rubber layers 621 is reduced to reduce the obstruction of the rubber layers 621 to the pressing plates 62 during necking. At the same time, by filling the rubber layers 621 into the gaps between the plurality of pressing plates 62, the situation that the anchor rod 1 protrudes at the gaps between the plurality of pressing plates 62 when the pressing plates 62 press the anchor rod 1 can be reduced, and as the thickness of the rubber layers 621 decreases, the density of the rubber layers 621 is higher, so that as the necking length of the anchor rod 1 increases, the effect of the rubber layers 621 reducing the outward protrusion of the anchor rod 1 is better.

[0073] The following further describes the anchor rod necking device and its necking method provided by the present invention in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments.

[0074] S1. During use, the first support spring 54 and the second support spring 55 are in the original length state. At this time, the probe 92 is perpendicular to the side wall of the pressing plate 62, and at the same time, the anchor rod 1 is subjected to high-temperature softening pretreatment by a steam heating vacuum drying kiln.

[0075] S1. Then, one end of the anchor rod 1 that needs to be necked is inserted into the center of the ring surrounded by the plurality of pressing plates 62. During the insertion process of the anchor rod 1, the side wall of the anchor rod 1 first contacts the end of the probe 92, and the torsional spring 91 is driven to bend by the frictional force between the probe 92 and the anchor rod 1 until the probe 92 fits with the fiber gap on the anchor rod 1. As the anchor rod 1 penetrates deeper, the sharp part of the puncture needle 93 slides along the longitudinal grain on the side wall of the anchor rod 1 and pierces the transverse grain that hinders the relative sliding of the puncture needle 93, thereby cutting the transverse fibers and reducing the peak value of the local shear stress.

[0076] S1. At this time, the servo motor 3 is started, and the servo motor 3 drives the annular disk 4 to rotate concentrically. The thrust of the side wall of the guiding groove 41 on the limiting rod 512 is used to drive the limiting rod 512 and the large housing 51 to move toward the side close to the center of the annular disk 4, so that a plurality of large housings 51 can be simultaneously driven to move toward the side close to the anchor rod 1, and the pressing assembly 6 is applied with a pressure close to the center of the anchor rod 1 through the middle housing 52 and the small housing 53.

[0077] S1. At the same time, when the water content in each part of the anchor rod 1 is different, the reaction forces exerted on the multi-stage telescopic assembly 5 by the parts with different water contents are different. The reaction force exerted on the corresponding multi-stage telescopic assembly 5 by the part with a low water content on the anchor rod 1 increases, so that the deformation of the first support spring 54 in the multi-stage telescopic assembly 5 corresponding to the part with a low water content in the anchor rod 1 is larger than that corresponding to the part with a high water content;

[0078] S1. The first support spring 54 contracts inward, reducing the space in the sealed space 511 and squeezing the liquid water in the sealed space 511, causing the liquid water to expand outward and pass through the cross-shaped silica gel valve 71 and be transported through the hose 7 to the periphery of the pressing plate corresponding to the part with a low water content of the anchor rod 1, thereby realizing water replenishment for the part with a low water content of the anchor rod 1;

[0079] S1. After the diameter of the anchor rod 1 is reduced once, pull out the anchor rod 1, then change the angle of the anchor rod 1 by rotating it, and when the anchor rod 1 is inserted into the designated position, install a water pump at the infusion pipe 81, and actively inject the water in the water tank 82 into the sealed space 511 through the water pump, and actively spray hot water on the surface of the anchor rod 1 through the cross-shaped silica gel valve 71, so as to perform high-temperature treatment on the anchor rod, and repeat steps S1 - S5, so that the outside of the anchor rod 1 is extruded multiple times. Through the process of multiple high-temperature treatments and sub - divided extrusion, compared with the extrusion process after a single high-temperature treatment, the situation of brittle failure caused by overloading of the single extrusion force can be reduced.

[0080] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to terms such as "one embodiment", "example", "specific example", etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present disclosure. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0081] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present disclosure. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present disclosure is not limited by the above embodiments. The above embodiments and the descriptions in the specification only illustrate the principles of the present disclosure. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure, the present disclosure will have various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the present disclosure claimed.

Claims

1. Anchor rod necking device and its necking method, characterized in that, Comprising: An anchor rod (1), a multi-stage telescopic assembly (5), and a pressing assembly (6); The body of the anchor rod (1) and at least three groups of multi-stage telescopic assemblies (5) distributed around its axis, with a pressing assembly (6) connected to the end of each group of multi-stage telescopic assemblies (5); The multi-stage telescopic assembly (5) includes a large housing (51), a medium housing (52), and a small housing (53) sleeved in sequence from outside to inside, where: A plurality of first support springs (54) are arranged axially in the inner cavity of the large housing (51), and the elastic modulus of the first support springs (54) is greater than that of the second support springs (55); A second support spring (55) is arranged axially in the inner cavity of the medium housing (52). A sealed space (511) is formed between the medium housing (52) and the large housing (51), and the sealed space (511) is filled with a liquid pressure transmission medium; The pressing assembly (6) includes a liquid storage cavity (64) communicated with the sealed space (511) and a water injection port provided at its end, and the opening of the water injection port is controlled by the displacement of the medium housing (52); When the body of the anchor rod (1) undergoes non-uniform contraction, the second support springs (55) of each multi-stage telescopic assembly (5) generate differential deformations, driving the corresponding medium housing (52) to compress the sealed space (511), so that the liquid pressure transmission medium is injected into the body of the anchor rod (1) in the area with lower water content through the hose (7).

2. The anchor rod necking device and necking method according to claim 1, characterized in that, A one-way valve (8) penetrating the large housing (51) is provided on the side wall of the large housing (51), and a liquid infusion pipe (81) is connected to the end of the one-way valve (8) away from the multi-stage telescopic assembly (5), and a water tank (82) is connected to the end of the liquid infusion pipe (81) away from the one-way valve (8).

3. The anchor rod necking device and its necking method according to claim 2, characterized in that A limiting rod (512) is fixed to the upper end of the large housing (51), and an annular disc (4) is provided at the upper end of the large housing (51). A plurality of guiding grooves (41) are formed inside the annular disc (4). The distances between the two ends of the guiding grooves (41) and the center of the circle are different, and the moving path of the limiting rod (512) is the same as that of the guiding grooves (41).

4. The anchor rod necking device and its necking method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The side of the annular disc (4) away from the anchor rod (1) is connected to the output end of a servo motor (3), and the servo motor (3) is concentrically arranged with the annular disc (4).

5. The anchor rod diameter reduction device and its diameter reduction method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pressing assembly (6) includes a support rod (61), a pressing plate (62), and a water spraying port (63). A support rod (61) is fixed to the end of the small housing (53) away from the large housing (51), and a pressing plate (62) is fixed to the end of the support rod (61) away from the multi-stage telescopic assembly (5). A water spraying port (63) is arranged through the inner side of the pressing plate (62), and the end of the water spraying port (63) away from the anchor rod (1) is connected to the hose (7).

6. The anchor rod diameter reduction device and its diameter reduction method according to claim 5, characterized in that A telescopic rod (2) is fixed to the side of the large housing (51) away from the annular disc (4), and the inner pipe end of the telescopic rod (2) is fixed to the outer wall of the pressing plate (62). A reinforcing rib (21) is fixed between the end of the telescopic rod (2) and the small housing (53).

7. The anchor rod diameter reduction device and its diameter reduction method according to claim 5, characterized in that, A puncturing assembly (9) is fixed to the side of the pressing plate (62) away from the small housing (53). The puncturing assembly (9) includes a torsion spring (91), a probe (92), and a puncturing needle (93). A plurality of torsion springs (91) are welded equidistantly on the side of the pressing plate (62) close to the anchor rod (1), and a probe (92) is fixed to the end of the torsion spring (91) away from the pressing plate (62). A puncturing needle (93) is fixed to the end of the probe (92) close to the torsion spring (91).

8. The anchor rod necking device and its necking method according to claim 5, characterized in that, A cross-shaped silicone valve (71) is fixed to the end of the hose (7) passing through the large housing (51). A heating unit (821) is laid at the bottom of the inner cavity of the water tank (82).

9. The anchor rod necking device and the necking method according to claim 7, characterized in that, Rubber layers (621) are symmetrically arranged on the side wall of the pressing plate (62) with respect to the vertical center line of the pressing plate (62), and a plurality of vertically arranged through holes (622) are arranged through the inner side of the rubber layers (621).

10. A method for reducing the diameter of an anchor rod, applying the anchor rod diameter reduction device according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, Including the following steps: S1. During use, the first support spring (54) and the second support spring (55) are in their original length states. At this time, the probe (92) is perpendicular to the side wall of the pressing plate (62). At the same time, the anchor rod (1) is subjected to high-temperature softening pretreatment by a steam heating vacuum drying kiln. S2. Then, the end of the anchor rod (1) that needs to be reduced in diameter is inserted into the center of the ring surrounded by the plurality of pressing plates (62). During the insertion of the anchor rod (1), the side wall of the anchor rod (1) first contacts the end of the probe (92). The friction between the probe (92) and the anchor rod (1) drives the torsion spring (91) to bend until the probe (92) fits the fiber gap on the anchor rod (1). As the anchor rod (1) penetrates deeper, the sharp part of the puncturing needle (93) slides along the longitudinal grain on the side wall of the anchor rod (1) and pierces the transverse grain that hinders the relative sliding of the puncturing needle (93), thereby cutting the transverse fibers and reducing the peak value of the local shear stress. S3. At this time, the servo motor (3) is started, and the servo motor (3) drives the annular disc (4) to rotate concentrically. The thrust of the side wall of the guiding groove (41) on the limiting rod (512) drives the limiting rod (512) and the large housing (51) to move towards the side close to the center of the annular disc (4), so as to simultaneously drive a plurality of large housings (51) to move towards the side close to the anchor rod (1), and apply a pressure close to the center of the anchor rod (1) to the pressing assembly (6) through the middle housing (52) and the small housing (53). S4. At the same time, when the water content in each part of the anchor rod (1) is different, the reaction forces exerted by the parts with different water contents on the multi-stage telescopic assembly (5) are different. The reaction force exerted by the part with low water content on the anchor rod (1) on the corresponding multi-stage telescopic assembly (5) increases, so that the deformation of the first support spring (54) in the multi-stage telescopic assembly (5) corresponding to the part with low water content in the anchor rod (1) is larger than that corresponding to the part with high water content. S5. The first support spring (54) contracts inward, reducing the space within the sealed space (511) and squeezing the liquid water within the sealed space (511), causing the liquid water to expand outward and pass through the cross-shaped silicone valve (71) and be delivered through the hose (7) to the periphery of the pressing plate corresponding to the part of the anchor rod (1) with low water content, thereby achieving water replenishment for the part of the anchor rod (1) with low water content. S6. After the diameter of the anchor rod (1) is reduced once, the anchor rod (1) is pulled out, and then the angle of the anchor rod (1) is changed by rotating the anchor rod (1), and steps S1 - S5 are repeated to make the outer side of the anchor rod (1) evenly pressed.

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