Method for performing frequency response on power grid disturbance event by using electric hydrogen production device

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for performing frequency response on a power grid disturbance event by an electric hydrogen production device, and belongs to the technical field of hydrogen production. The frequency response output of an electrolytic bath is controlled by adjusting the current of the electrolytic bath by utilizing the frequency response control quantity of the electrolytic bath; the frequency response output of the temperature control auxiliary machine is controlled by using the electrolytic bath operation temperature signal and the electrolytic bath current signal; and finally, controlling the output of the electric hydrogen production device by utilizing the frequency response output of the electrolytic bath and the frequency response output of the temperature control auxiliary machine to carry out frequency response on the disturbance event. The temperature control auxiliary machine needs to be controlled to adjust the temperature, the electrolytic voltage of the electrolytic tank based on the electric heating characteristic of the electrolytic tank is correspondingly changed, then the electrolytic current is correspondingly returned to the set value, and the frequency control cost is reduced; therefore, the technical problem that in the prior art, an electric hydrogen production device participates in power grid frequency control and often affects a hydrogen production plan is solved, and the enthusiasm that an electric hydrogen production load participates in power system frequency modulation is promoted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of hydrogen production, and more specifically, relates to a method for an electrolytic hydrogen production device to perform frequency response to grid disturbance events. Background Art

[0002] The power grid with a high proportion of new energy access is facing frequency security challenges and it is difficult to rely solely on traditional synchronous machine regulating resources to meet the increasing source-load fluctuations. Therefore, the exploration and utilization of load-side resources will gradually become an important means of power grid frequency control. Due to the flexibility of power regulation and the characteristics of large-scale configuration of the electrolytic hydrogen production load, it can become an excellent grid frequency response resource. However, the current research on the methods and strategies for electrolytic hydrogen production devices to participate in power grid frequency control still relies on the modeling of the electrical characteristics of electrolyzers, and insufficient attention is paid to the key auxiliary equipment and the energy storage characteristics of multi-physical processes in electrolytic hydrogen production devices, making it difficult to fully exert the frequency modulation potential of electrolytic hydrogen production devices in power grid frequency control.

[0003] In the past, when designing electrolytic hydrogen production devices to participate in frequency control, only the electrolyzer participated in frequency control alone, and a constant temperature control method was generally adopted for auxiliary equipment, especially temperature control auxiliary equipment with a large power. Considering the thermodynamic process and electro-thermal characteristics of the electrolytic hydrogen production device, the electrolyzer temperature regulation not only affects the electrolytic hydrogen production efficiency but also has an impact on the electrolyzer power. The use of the constant temperature control method cannot fully utilize the power of the temperature control auxiliary equipment and the energy storage of the electro-thermal process of the electrolyzer, reducing the ability of the electrolytic hydrogen production device to participate in frequency response. At the same time, in the frequency response of the electrolyzer under current control, the current generally needs to be adjusted significantly, and the electrolytic current of the electrolyzer directly affects the hydrogen production plan, resulting in a relatively high cost for the electrolyzer to participate in frequency control.

[0004] In summary, in the prior art, the electrolytic hydrogen production device participating in power grid frequency control often has poor effects and will affect the hydrogen production plan. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the above-mentioned defects or improvement requirements of the prior art, the present invention provides a method for an electrolytic hydrogen production device to perform frequency response to grid disturbance events, aiming to solve the technical problem that the electrolytic hydrogen production device participating in power grid frequency control in the prior art often affects the hydrogen production plan, and promoting the enthusiasm of the electrolytic hydrogen production load to participate in power system frequency modulation.

[0006] To achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for an electrolytic hydrogen production device to perform frequency response to grid disturbance events, including:

[0007] When a grid disturbance event occurs, controlling the electrolytic hydrogen production device connected to the grid to start frequency response; the electrolytic hydrogen production device includes: an electrolyzer and a temperature control auxiliary machine;

[0008] During the frequency response process, the following steps are performed:

[0009] Utilize the electrolyzer frequency response control quantity ΔP determined by the system frequency difference signal Δf re to adjust the electrolyzer current I ele so as to control the frequency response output ΔP of the electrolyzer ele ;

[0010] Obtain the operating temperature T of the electrolyzer ele and the deviation signal from the set temperature T ref to feedback control the cooling power control quantity ΔP of the auxiliary mechanism for temperature control T1 ; Obtain the electrolyzer current I ele and the deviation signal from the set current I ref to feedback control the cooling power control quantity ΔP of the auxiliary mechanism for electrolyzer current recovery T2 ; Add the cooling power control quantity ΔP of the auxiliary mechanism for temperature control T1 and the cooling power control quantity ΔP of the auxiliary mechanism for electrolyzer current recovery T2 to determine the frequency response output ΔP of the temperature control auxiliary cool ;

[0011] Add the frequency response output ΔP of the electrolyzer ele and the frequency response output ΔP of the temperature control auxiliary cool to control the output of the hydrogen production device, thereby achieving frequency response to the disturbance event.

[0012] Furthermore, the step of utilizing the electrolyzer frequency response control quantity ΔP determined by the system frequency difference signal Δf re to adjust the electrolyzer current I ele so as to control the frequency response output ΔP of the electrolyzer ele includes:

[0013] Utilize the formula to calculate the electrolyzer frequency response control quantity ΔP re ; K eleD is the electrolyzer equivalent droop control coefficient, and K elep , K elei , K eled are respectively the proportional, integral, and derivative control parameters of the PID controller for the electrolyzer secondary frequency modulation control;

[0014] Based on the electrolyzer frequency response control quantity ΔP re and utilize the formula to control the electrolyzer current I ele , K Ip , K IiThe proportional and integral control parameters of the PI controller for the electrolyzer current control, P ele,ref is the set operating power of the electrolyzer, P ele,meas is the real-time measured value of the electrolyzer power;

[0015] By adjusting the electrolyzer current I ele and using the power response model ΔP ele = f(I ele , T ele ) - P ele,ref Control the frequency response output ΔP of the electrolyzer ele ; where, f(I ele , T ele ) represents the electrolyzer power, which is a binary function of I ele and T ele ; P ele,ref is the set operating power of the electrolyzer.

[0016] Furthermore, the superposition of the cooling power control amount ΔP of the auxiliary machine for guiding temperature control T1 and the cooling power control amount ΔP of the auxiliary machine for guiding the electrolyzer current recovery T2 is performed to determine the frequency response output ΔP of the temperature control auxiliary machine cool , including:

[0017] Using the formula Calculate the frequency response output ΔP of the temperature control auxiliary machine cool ; where, s represents the complex variable of the Laplace transform, and t F is the response time constant of the temperature control auxiliary machine.

[0018] Furthermore, the deviation signal of the operating temperature T of the electrolyzer ele and the set temperature T ref is obtained to feedback control the cooling power control amount ΔP of the auxiliary machine for guiding temperature control T1 , including:

[0019] Using the deviation signal of the operating temperature T of the electrolyzer ele and the set temperature T ref and using the formula Control the cooling power control amount ΔP of the auxiliary machine for guiding temperature control T1 ; where, K T1p , K T1i , K T1d are the proportional control parameter, integral control parameter, and differential control parameter of the PID controller for constant temperature control respectively, and T ref is the set temperature.

[0020] Furthermore, the electrolyzer current I is obtained eleThe deviation signal from the set current I ref to feedback and control the auxiliary mechanism cooling power control amount ΔP for guiding the electrolytic cell current to recover T2 , including:

[0021] Using the electrolytic cell current I ele and the set current I ref deviation signal and using the formula to control the auxiliary mechanism cooling power control amount ΔP for guiding temperature control T2 ; where, K T2p , K T2i , K T2d are respectively the proportional control parameter, integral control parameter and derivative control parameter of the PID controller for current recovery control, and I ref is the set current.

[0022] Furthermore, the frequency response output ΔP cool of the temperature control auxiliary machine corresponds to the cooling power output P cool satisfies the constraint: P cool,min ≤P cool ≤P cool,max ; where, P cool,max is the upper limit value of the temperature control auxiliary machine cooling power, and P cool,min is the lower limit value of the temperature control auxiliary machine cooling power.

[0023] Furthermore, the superposition of the frequency response output ΔP ele of the electrolytic cell and the frequency response output ΔP cool of the temperature control auxiliary machine to control the output of the hydrogen production device by electrolysis, including: using the formula to enable the hydrogen production device by electrolysis to perform frequency response to the disturbance event;

[0024] where, H is the system inertia of the hydrogen production device by electrolysis, ΔP L is the system unbalanced power of the hydrogen production device by electrolysis, ΔP G is the synchronous machine frequency response output of the hydrogen production device by electrolysis, Δf is the power grid frequency deviation, and D is the system damping.

[0025] According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a device for the hydrogen production device by electrolysis to perform frequency response to a power grid disturbance event, including:

[0026] A startup module, configured to control the hydrogen production device by electrolysis connected to the power grid to start frequency response when a power grid disturbance event occurs; the hydrogen production device by electrolysis includes: an electrolytic cell and a temperature control auxiliary machine;

[0027] A response module, configured to perform the following steps during the frequency response process: using the electrolytic cell frequency response control amount ΔP determined by the system frequency difference signal Δfre Adjust the electrolyzer current I ele to control the frequency response output ΔP of the electrolyzer ele ; Obtain the operating temperature T of the electrolyzer ele and the deviation signal from the set temperature T ref to feedback control the cooling power control amount ΔP of the auxiliary mechanism for temperature control T1 ; Obtain the electrolyzer current I ele and the deviation signal from the set current I ref to feedback control the cooling power control amount ΔP of the auxiliary mechanism for electrolyzer current recovery T2 ; Add the cooling power control amount ΔP of the auxiliary mechanism for temperature control T1 and the cooling power control amount ΔP of the auxiliary mechanism for electrolyzer current recovery T2 to determine the frequency response output ΔP of the temperature control auxiliary cool ; Add the frequency response output ΔP of the electrolyzer ele and the frequency response output ΔP of the temperature control auxiliary cool to control the output of the hydrogen production device to achieve frequency response to the disturbance event

[0028] According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a control system for a hydrogen production device, including a memory and a processor. The memory stores a computer program, and when the processor executes the computer program, the steps of the above method are implemented

[0029] According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the above method are implemented

[0030] Generally speaking, compared with the prior art by the above technical solution conceived by the present invention, the following beneficial effects can be obtained

[0031] (1) Considering that in the frequency response of the electrolyzer under current control, the current generally needs to be adjusted significantly, and the electrolysis current of the electrolyzer directly affects the hydrogen production plan, resulting in an increase in the cost of the electrolyzer participating in frequency control. The present invention provides a method for a hydrogen production device to perform frequency response to grid disturbance events. During the frequency response process, the electrolyzer frequency response control amount ΔP re is used to adjust the electrolyzer current I ele to control the frequency response output ΔP of the electrolyzer ele ; The frequency response output ΔP of the temperature control auxiliary is controlled through the electrolyzer operating temperature signal T ele and the electrolyzer current signal I ele cool ​; Finally, the frequency response output ΔP of the electrolyzer is utilized ele and the frequency response output ΔP of the temperature control auxiliary cool to control the output of the electrolytic hydrogen production device to achieve frequency response to the disturbance event. The present invention needs to adjust the temperature by controlling the temperature control auxiliary, and the electrolytic voltage of the electrolyzer changes correspondingly based on the electrothermal characteristics of the electrolyzer, thereby prompting the electrolytic current to return to the set value correspondingly, achieving a reduction in the cost of frequency control. Accordingly, a control strategy for the temperature control auxiliary of the electrolytic hydrogen production device is designed. It solves the problem of reducing the impact on the hydrogen production plan when the electrolytic hydrogen production device participates in the grid frequency control, and mobilizes the power of the temperature control auxiliary to participate in the frequency response, thereby effectively improving the grid frequency control effect and ensuring the electrolytic hydrogen production task.

[0032] (2) In this solution, the electrolyzer current I is adjusted ele and the power response model ΔP is utilized ele = f(I ele , T ele ) - P ele,ref to control the frequency response output ΔP of the electrolyzer ele ; where f(I ele , T ele ) represents the electrolyzer power, which is a binary function of I ele and T ele ; P ele,ref is the set operating power of the electrolyzer; designed in this way, considering that the electrolyzer under the current control mode is the main body responsible for the frequency response of the electrolytic hydrogen production device, and the response output is directly calculated through the power response model, the advantage is that the response output of the electrolyzer can be obtained accurately and quickly, which is beneficial to the subsequent acquisition of the frequency difference signal.

[0033] (3) This solution uses the formula to calculate the frequency response output ΔP of the temperature control auxiliary cool ; designed in this way, considering the time delay of the temperature control auxiliary response, the advantage is that it can more accurately characterize the dynamic process of the power regulation of the temperature control auxiliary.

[0034] (4) This solution uses the deviation signal between the operating temperature T ele of the electrolyzer and the set temperature T ref and uses the formula to control the cooling power control amount ΔP T1 of the temperature control auxiliary for guiding temperature control; designed in this way, considering the core task of the temperature control auxiliary to control the electrolyzer temperature, the advantage is that it provides a reference for the power regulation of the temperature control auxiliary and avoids large fluctuations in temperature.

[0035] (5) This solution uses the deviation signal between the electrolyzer current I ele and the set current I ref and uses the formula Auxiliary mechanism refrigeration power control quantity ΔP for control-oriented temperature control T2 ; Designed in this way, considering that adjusting the temperature can further change the operating current, the advantage is to avoid the influence of the electrolytic cell frequency response on the production plan.

[0036] (6) This solution uses the formula to enable the electrolytic hydrogen production device to perform frequency response to the disturbance event; designed in this way, considering the influence of the electrolytic hydrogen production device on the system frequency, the advantage is to directly obtain the system frequency difference signal through calculation and apply it to frequency response control. Brief description of the drawings

[0037] Figure 1 is a flowchart of the method for the electrolytic hydrogen production device provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention to perform frequency response to grid disturbance events;

[0038] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the system corresponding to the method for the electrolytic hydrogen production device provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention to perform frequency response to grid disturbance events;

[0039] Figure 3 is a comparison diagram of system frequency control effects when the electrolytic hydrogen production device considering electrothermal characteristics participates in grid frequency control and when the electrolytic cell and temperature control auxiliary machine participate in grid frequency control respectively provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 4 is a comparison diagram of current recovery effects when the electrolytic hydrogen production device considering electrothermal characteristics participates in grid frequency control and when the electrolytic cell and temperature control auxiliary machine participate in grid frequency control respectively provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Detailed implementation manners

[0041] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0042] Embodiment 1

[0043] This embodiment provides a method for an electrolytic hydrogen production device to perform frequency response to grid disturbance events. As Figure 1 shown, it includes: when a grid disturbance event occurs, controlling the electrolytic hydrogen production device connected to the grid to start frequency response; the electrolytic hydrogen production device includes: an electrolytic cell and a temperature control auxiliary machine. During the frequency response process, the following steps are executed: using the electrolytic cell frequency response control quantity ΔP determined by the system frequency difference signal Δf re to adjust the electrolytic cell current I ele, to control the frequency response output ΔP of the electrolyzer ele ; obtain the operating temperature T of the electrolyzer ele and the set temperature T ref of the deviation signal to feedback control the cooling power control amount ΔP of the auxiliary mechanism for temperature control T1 ; obtain the electrolyzer current I ele and the set current I ref of the deviation signal to feedback control the cooling power control amount ΔP of the auxiliary mechanism for electrolyzer current recovery T2 ; add the cooling power control amount ΔP of the auxiliary mechanism for temperature control T1 and the cooling power control amount ΔP of the auxiliary mechanism for electrolyzer current recovery T2 to determine the frequency response output ΔP of the temperature control auxiliary cool ; add the frequency response output ΔP of the electrolyzer ele and the frequency response output ΔP of the temperature control auxiliary cool to control the output of the hydrogen production device, so as to achieve frequency response to the disturbance event.

[0044] Among them, considering the electrothermal characteristics of the electrolyzer during operation, the electrolyzer power model is:

[0045] U cell = U rev + U act + U ohm

[0046]

[0047] P ele = N cell U cell I ele = f(I ele , T ele )

[0048] Among them, U cell is the single cell voltage of the electrolyzer, U rev is the reversible voltage of the electrolyzer, U act is the activation voltage, U ohm is the ohmic voltage, R is the ideal gas constant, T ele is the operating temperature of the electrolyzer, α is the electrolyzer electrode coefficient, F is the Faraday constant, I ele is the electrolyzer current, j0 is the equivalent exchange current density of the electrolyzer, S is the reaction area of the electrolyzer plate, R ohm is the ohmic resistance of the electrolyzer, ρ ohm is the equivalent resistivity of the electrolyzer, δ ohmδ is the equivalent factor of the electrolyzer resistance with respect to temperature, T0 is the ambient temperature, l is the distance between the two electrodes of the electrolyzer, P ele is the power of the electrolyzer, N cell is the number of single-cell electrolysis units connected in series in the electrolyzer, f(I ele ,T ele ) indicates that the power of the electrolyzer is a binary function of current and temperature. To ensure the accuracy of the power modeling of the electrolyzer's electrothermal characteristics, it is necessary to pre-obtain the equipment and characteristic parameters of the hydrogen production device by electrolysis, specifically including: the equivalent exchange current density j0 of the electrolyzer, the electrode transfer coefficient α of the electrolyzer, the reaction area S of the electrolyzer electrodes, the equivalent resistivity ρ ohm of the electrolyzer, the equivalent factor δ of the electrolyzer resistance with respect to temperature ohm , the ambient temperature T0, the distance l between the two electrodes of the electrolyzer, the number N of single-cell electrolysis units connected in series in the electrolyzer cell , the heat capacity C ele of the electrolyzer, the heat dissipation coefficient k ex of the electrolyzer.

[0049] Based on the regulation of the electrolysis process temperature by the temperature control auxiliary machine, the thermodynamic model of the hydrogen production device by electrolysis satisfies:

[0050]

[0051] Q ele =P ele -N cell U th I ele

[0052] Q ex =-k ex (T ele -T0)

[0053] where C ele is the heat capacity of the electrolyzer, Q ele is the heat generated during the hydrogen production process of the electrolyzer, P cool is the heat dissipation power of the electrolyzer auxiliary machine; Q ex is the natural heat dissipation of the electrolyzer, U th is the thermoneutral voltage of hydrogen production by electrolysis, k ex is the heat dissipation coefficient of the electrolyzer.

[0054] In one embodiment, the electrolyzer frequency response control quantity ΔP determined by the system frequency difference signal Δf is used re to adjust the electrolyzer current I ele , so as to control the frequency response output power ΔP ele of the electrolyzer. The specific implementation process is as follows: Use the formula to calculate the electrolyzer frequency response control quantity ΔP re ; K eleDis the equivalent droop control coefficient of the electrolyzer, K elep , K elei , K eled are respectively the proportional, integral, and derivative control parameters of the PID controller for the secondary frequency regulation control of the electrolyzer; based on the electrolyzer frequency response control quantity ΔP re and use the formula to control the electrolyzer current I ele , K Ip , K Ii are the proportional and integral control parameters of the PI controller for electrolyzer current control, P ele,ref is the set operating power of the electrolyzer, P ele,meas is the real-time measured value of the electrolyzer power; by adjusting the electrolyzer current I ele and using the power response model ΔP ele = f(I ele , T ele ) - P ele,ref to control the frequency response output ΔP ele of the electrolyzer; where, f(I ele , T ele ) represents the electrolyzer power, which is a binary function of I ele and T ele ; P ele,ref is the set operating power of the electrolyzer.

[0055] Among them, the frequency control strategy of the electrolyzer is divided into a grid frequency - current control link and a current - power response link. The grid frequency - current control link converts the power - frequency response quantity into a current adjustment quantity in the electrolyzer current control mode and is designed as:

[0056]

[0057] Among them, ΔP re is the power - frequency response quantity of the electrolyzer, K eleD is the equivalent droop coefficient of the electrolyzer, K elep , K elei , K eled are the proportional, integral, and derivative control parameters of the PID controller for the secondary frequency regulation of the electrolyzer, K Ip , K Ii are the proportional and integral control parameters of the PI controller for electrolyzer current control, P ele,ref is the set operating power of the electrolyzer, P ele,meas is the measured value of the electrolyzer power. The electrolyzer frequency response needs to ensure that the power regulation range is within the reserve capacity and the current regulation range is within the upper and lower limits of the electrolyzer current:

[0058] P rd ≤ΔP re ≤Pru

[0059] I ele,min ≤ I ele ≤ I ele,max

[0060] Wherein, P rd is the standby capacity for lowering the electrolyzer, P ru is the standby capacity for raising the electrolyzer, I ele,max is the upper limit value of the electrolysis current, I ele,min is the lower limit value of the electrolysis current.

[0061] The current-power response link realizes frequency response output based on the electrolyzer power model:

[0062] ΔP ele = f(I ele , T ele ) - P ele,ref .

[0063] In one embodiment, the cooling power control quantity ΔP T1 of the auxiliary machine for guiding temperature control and the cooling power control quantity ΔP T2 of the auxiliary machine for guiding the current recovery of the electrolyzer are superimposed to determine the frequency response output ΔP cool of the temperature control auxiliary machine. The specific implementation process is as follows: Use the formula to calculate the frequency response output ΔP cool of the temperature control auxiliary machine; wherein, s represents the complex variable of the Laplace transform, and t F is the response time constant of the temperature control auxiliary machine. Further, the cooling power output P cool corresponding to the frequency response output ΔP cool of the temperature control auxiliary machine satisfies the constraint: P cool,min ≤ P cool ≤ P cool,max ; wherein, P cool,max is the upper limit value of the cooling power of the temperature control auxiliary machine, and P cool,min is the lower limit value of the cooling power of the temperature control auxiliary machine.

[0064] Specifically, the frequency response output of the temperature control auxiliary machine is: Wherein, t F is the response time constant of the temperature control auxiliary machine, and P cool,ref is the set value of the power of the temperature control auxiliary machine. Similarly, the cooling power of the auxiliary machine should ensure that the adjustment range is within the upper and lower limits of the power:

[0065] P cool,min ≤ P cool ≤ P cool,max

[0066] Wherein, P cool,maxis the upper limit value of the refrigeration power of the temperature control auxiliary machine, P cool,min is the lower limit value of the refrigeration power of the temperature control auxiliary machine.

[0067] In one embodiment, the operating temperature T of the electrolyzer is obtained ele and the set temperature T ref to obtain a deviation signal, thereby feedback controlling the refrigeration power control amount ΔP of the auxiliary machine for temperature control T1 , and the specific implementation process is as follows: using the deviation signal between the operating temperature T of the electrolyzer ele and the set temperature T ref and using the formula to control the refrigeration power control amount ΔP of the auxiliary machine for temperature control T1 ; where K T1p , K T1i , K T1d are respectively the proportional control parameter, integral control parameter and differential control parameter of the PID controller for constant temperature control, and T ref is the set temperature. Further, the deviation signal between the electrolyzer current I ele and the set current I ref is obtained, thereby feedback controlling the refrigeration power control amount ΔP of the auxiliary machine for electrolyzer current recovery T2 , and the specific implementation process is as follows: adjusting the deviation between the electrolyzer current I ele and the set current I ref and using the formula to control the refrigeration power control amount ΔP of the auxiliary machine for temperature control T2 ; where K T2p , K T2i , K T2d are respectively the proportional control parameter, integral control parameter and differential control parameter of the PID controller for current recovery control, and I ref is the set current.

[0068] The temperature control auxiliary machine frequency control strategy includes two control links, namely, the constant temperature control link for maintaining the set temperature and the current recovery control link for ensuring hydrogen production. The two control amounts act on the auxiliary machine together to achieve the frequency response output of the auxiliary machine. The constant temperature control link controls the refrigeration power of the auxiliary machine according to the temperature difference between the measured temperature and the set value:

[0069]

[0070] where ΔP T1 is the refrigeration power control amount of the temperature control-dominated auxiliary machine, and K T1p , K T1i , K T1d are the proportional, integral, and differential control parameters of the PID controller for constant temperature control, and T refis the set temperature. The refrigeration power is controlled by the temperature difference to realize the callback of the electrolyzer temperature to the set value.

[0071] Since the electrolyzer temperature has a significant impact on the electrolysis voltage value, changing the temperature can adjust the ratio of production power to loss in the electrolyzer power, and thus control the recovery of the electrolysis current. Based on this, a current recovery control link is set in the temperature control auxiliary machine power control. The current recovery control link is a control link that guides the reduction of the impact of frequency control on the hydrogen production plan, and controls the auxiliary machine refrigeration power according to the current difference between the electrolysis current and the set value of the production plan:

[0072]

[0073] where, ΔP T2 is the control quantity of the auxiliary machine refrigeration power dominated by the current recovery control, K T2p , K T2i , K T2d are the proportional, integral, and derivative control parameters of the PID controller for the current recovery control, I ref is the set current.

[0074] In one embodiment, the frequency response output ΔP ele of the electrolyzer and the frequency response output ΔP cool of the temperature control auxiliary machine are superimposed to control the output of the electrolytic hydrogen production device. The specific implementation process is as follows: Use the formula to realize the frequency response of the electrolytic hydrogen production device to the disturbance event; where, H is the system inertia of the electrolytic hydrogen production device, ΔP L is the system unbalanced power of the electrolytic hydrogen production device, ΔP G is the synchronous machine frequency response output of the electrolytic hydrogen production device, Δf is the grid frequency deviation, and D is the system damping.

[0075] Specifically, based on the grid frequency response equation and the synchronous machine equivalent frequency response, the system frequency response model of the electrolytic hydrogen production device participating in the grid frequency control:

[0076]

[0077]

[0078] where, H is the system inertia, ΔP L is the system unbalanced power, ΔP G is the synchronous machine frequency response output, ΔP ele is the electrolyzer frequency response output, ΔP cool is the electrolyzer temperature control auxiliary machine frequency response output, D is the system damping, K GD is the synchronous machine equivalent droop coefficient, K Gp , K Gi , KGd are the proportional, integral, and derivative control parameters of the PID controller for the secondary frequency regulation of the synchronous machine, F H is the proportion of the high-pressure cylinder doing work, t G t T t R are the equivalent governor, reheater, and turbine time constants.

[0079] To further illustrate the method for the electro-hydrogen production device provided in this embodiment to perform frequency response to grid disturbance events, taking the Figure 2 shown control system as an example to verify the effect of this method. This system simulates a grid frequency response model, an electrolyzer and a temperature control auxiliary machine, as well as equipment constant control and a frequency control system, and controls the electro-hydrogen production device to participate in the grid frequency response according to this method.

[0080] The simulation results are as follows: The comparison of the system frequency control effects when the electro-hydrogen production device considering the electro-thermal characteristics participates in the grid frequency control and when the electrolyzer and the temperature control auxiliary machine participate in the grid frequency control separately is as Figure 3 shown, and the comparison of the current recovery effects when the electro-hydrogen production device considering the electro-thermal characteristics participates in the grid frequency control and when the electrolyzer and the temperature control auxiliary machine participate in the grid frequency control separately is as Figure 4 .

[0081] Combined with the above simulation results, it can be seen that: By using the method of the electro-hydrogen production device to perform frequency response to grid disturbance events, after the same grid disturbance event occurs, through the coordinated control of the electrolyzer and the temperature control auxiliary machine, the maximum grid frequency deviation will become smaller, and the frequency control effect is better. At the same time, the participation of the temperature control auxiliary machine in frequency control makes the electrolyzer current not suddenly increase significantly at one time, but through two-stage regulation, and the obtained frequency control scheme is more friendly to the electro-hydrogen production device. Another significant advantage is that by modeling and adjusting the electrolyzer temperature through electro-thermal characteristics, the required adjustment amount of the electrolyzer electrolysis current can be significantly reduced, effectively reducing the impact on the normal production plan of the electrolyzer, improving the economy of the electro-hydrogen production device participating in the grid frequency control, and enabling large-scale electro-hydrogen production loads to participate in the guarantee of the power system frequency safety.

[0082] Embodiment 2

[0083] This embodiment provides a device for the electro-hydrogen production device to perform frequency response to grid disturbance events, including: a startup module and a response module. The relevant technical solutions are the same as those in Embodiment 1 and will not be elaborated here.

[0084] The startup module is used to control the electro-hydrogen production device connected to the grid to start frequency response when a grid disturbance event occurs; the electro-hydrogen production device includes: an electrolyzer and a temperature control auxiliary machine.

[0085] A response module, which is used to perform the following steps during the frequency response process: using the electrolytic cell frequency response control quantity ΔP determined by the system frequency difference signal Δf re Adjust the electrolytic cell current I ele , so as to control the frequency response output ΔP of the electrolytic cell ele ; Obtain the operating temperature T of the electrolytic cell ele And the deviation signal from the set temperature T ref To feedback control the cooling power control quantity ΔP of the auxiliary mechanism for temperature control T1 ; Obtain the electrolytic cell current I ele And the deviation signal from the set current I ref To feedback control the cooling power control quantity ΔP of the auxiliary mechanism for electrolytic cell current recovery T2 ; Add the cooling power control quantity ΔP of the auxiliary mechanism for temperature control T1 And the cooling power control quantity ΔP of the auxiliary mechanism for electrolytic cell current recovery T2 To determine the frequency response output ΔP of the temperature control auxiliary machine cool ; Add the frequency response output ΔP of the electrolytic cell ele And the frequency response output ΔP of the temperature control auxiliary machine cool To control the output of the hydrogen production by electrolysis device, so as to realize the frequency response to the disturbance event

[0086] Embodiment 3

[0087] This embodiment provides a control system for a hydrogen production by electrolysis device, including a memory and a processor. The memory stores a computer program. When the program is executed by the processor, the processor executes the method for the hydrogen production by electrolysis device to perform frequency response to grid disturbance events. The related technical solutions are the same as those in Embodiment 1 and will not be elaborated here

[0088] Embodiment 4

[0089] This embodiment provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the above steps are realized. The related technical solutions are the same as those in Embodiment 1 and will not be elaborated here

[0090] It is easy for those skilled in the art to understand that the above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention

Claims

1. A method for a frequency response of an electrolytic hydrogen production device to a grid disturbance event, characterized in that, Comprising: When a power grid disturbance event occurs, controlling a power-to-hydrogen production device connected to the power grid to initiate a frequency response; The power-to-hydrogen production device includes: an electrolyzer and a temperature control auxiliary machine; During the frequency response process, the following steps are executed: Using the electrolytic cell frequency response control quantity ΔP determined by the system frequency difference signal Δf re Adjust the electrolytic cell current I ele , to control the frequency response output ΔP of the electrolytic cell ele ; Obtain the operating temperature T of the electrolytic cell ele and the set temperature T ref to obtain a deviation signal for feedback control to direct the cooling power control amount ΔP of the auxiliary mechanism for temperature control T1 ; Obtain the electrolytic cell current I ele and the set current I ref to obtain a deviation signal for feedback control to direct the cooling power control amount ΔP of the auxiliary mechanism for electrolytic cell current recovery T2 ; Add the cooling power control amount ΔP of the auxiliary mechanism for temperature control T1 and the cooling power control amount ΔP of the auxiliary mechanism for electrolytic cell current recovery T2 to determine the frequency response output ΔP of the temperature control auxiliary machine cool ; Superpose the frequency response output ΔP of the electrolyzer ele and the frequency response output ΔP of the temperature control auxiliary equipment cool to control the output of the hydrogen production device by electrolysis, so as to achieve frequency response to the disturbance event.

2. The method for frequency response of the electrolytic hydrogen production device to grid disturbance events according to claim 1, characterized in that The electrolytic cell frequency response control quantity ΔP determined by using the system frequency difference signal Δf re adjusts the electrolytic cell current I ele to control the frequency response output ΔP of the electrolytic cell ele , Comprising: Use the formula to calculate the electrolyzer frequency response control quantity ΔP re ; K eleD is the equivalent droop control coefficient of the electrolyzer, K elep , K elei , K eled are the proportional, integral, and derivative control parameters of the PID controller for the secondary frequency regulation control of the electrolyzer, respectively; Based on the electrolyzer frequency response control quantity ΔP re And use the formula To control the electrolyzer current I ele , K Ip , K Ii Are the proportional and integral control parameters of the PI controller for electrolyzer current control, P ele,ref Is the set operating power of the electrolyzer, P ele,meas Is the real-time measured value of the electrolyzer power; By adjusting the electrolyzer current I ele and using the power response model ΔP ele = f(I ele , T ele ) - P ele,ref control the frequency response output ΔP of the electrolyzer ele ; where f(I ele , T ele ) represents the electrolyzer power, which is a binary function of I ele and T ele ; P ele,ref is the set operating power of the electrolyzer.

3. The method for the electrolytic hydrogen production device to perform frequency response to grid disturbance events according to claim 1, characterized in that, The auxiliary machine cooling power control quantity ΔP for guiding temperature control T1 and the auxiliary machine cooling power control quantity ΔP for guiding the electrolytic cell current recovery T2 are superimposed to determine the frequency response output ΔP of the temperature control auxiliary machine cool , Comprising: Using the formula calculate the frequency response output ΔP of the temperature control auxiliary machine cool ; where s represents the complex variable of the Laplace transform, and t F is the response time constant of the temperature control auxiliary machine.

4. The method for the electrolytic hydrogen production device as claimed in claim 3 to perform frequency response to grid disturbance events, characterized in that, Obtaining the operating temperature T of the electrolyzer ele and the deviation signal from the set temperature T ref so as to feedback-control the cooling power control amount ΔP of the auxiliary mechanism for temperature control T1 , including: Using the operating temperature T of the electrolytic cell ele and the deviation signal from the set temperature T ref and using the formula to control the cooling power control amount ΔP of the auxiliary mechanism for guiding temperature control T1 ; where K T1p , K T1i , K T1d are respectively the proportional control parameter, integral control parameter and differential control parameter of the PID controller for constant temperature control, and T ref is the set temperature.

5. The method for the electrolytic hydrogen production device to perform frequency response to grid disturbance events according to claim 3, wherein Obtaining the electrolyzer current I ele and the set current I ref to obtain a deviation signal, and thereby feedback controlling the auxiliary mechanism cooling power control amount ΔP for guiding the electrolyzer current to recover T2 , including: Using the electrolytic cell current I ele and the deviation signal from the set current I ref and using the formula to control the cooling power control amount ΔP of the auxiliary mechanism for guiding temperature control T2 ; where K T2p , K T2i , K T2d are respectively the proportional control parameter, integral control parameter and derivative control parameter of the PID controller for current recovery control, and I ref is the set current.

6. The method for the electrolytic hydrogen production device to perform frequency response to grid disturbance events as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The frequency response output ΔP of the temperature control auxiliary machine cool The corresponding refrigeration power output P cool Satisfies the constraint: P cool,min ≤P cool ≤P cool,max ; Among them, P cool,max is the upper limit value of the refrigeration power of the temperature control auxiliary mechanism, and P cool,min is the lower limit value of the refrigeration power of the temperature control auxiliary mechanism.

7. The method for a power-to-hydrogen device to perform frequency response to a power grid disturbance event according to claim 1, wherein The frequency response output ΔP of the electrolyzer ele and the frequency response output ΔP of the temperature control auxiliary equipment cool are superimposed to control the output of the hydrogen production device by electrolysis, including: using the formula to enable the hydrogen production device by electrolysis to perform frequency response to the disturbance event; where H is the system inertia of the electrolytic hydrogen production device, ΔP L is the system unbalanced power of the electrolytic hydrogen production device, ΔP G is the synchronous machine frequency response output of the electrolytic hydrogen production device, Δf is the grid frequency deviation, and D is the system damping.

8. A device for a frequency response of an electrolytic hydrogen production device to a power grid disturbance event, characterized in that, Comprising: A startup module, configured to control a power-to-hydrogen production device connected to the power grid to initiate a frequency response when a power grid disturbance event occurs; The power-to-hydrogen production device includes: an electrolyzer and a temperature control auxiliary machine; A response module, configured to perform the following steps during the frequency response process: utilize the electrolytic cell frequency response control quantity ΔP determined by the system frequency difference signal Δf re to adjust the electrolytic cell current I ele so as to control the frequency response output ΔP of the electrolytic cell ele ; obtain the operating temperature T of the electrolytic cell ele and the deviation signal from the set temperature T ref to feedback control the cooling power control quantity ΔP of the auxiliary mechanism for temperature control T1 ; obtain the electrolytic cell current I ele and the deviation signal from the set current I ref to feedback control the cooling power control quantity ΔP of the auxiliary mechanism for electrolytic cell current recovery T2 ; superimpose the cooling power control quantity ΔP of the auxiliary mechanism for temperature control T1 and the cooling power control quantity ΔP of the auxiliary mechanism for electrolytic cell current recovery T2 to determine the frequency response output ΔP of the temperature control auxiliary cool ; superimpose the frequency response output ΔP of the electrolytic cell ele and the frequency response output ΔP of the temperature control auxiliary cool to control the output of the hydrogen production device by electrolysis, thereby achieving frequency response to the disturbance event.

9. A control system for an electrolytic hydrogen production device, comprising a memory and a processor, the memory storing a computer program, characterized in that, When the processor executes the computer program, the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 are implemented.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 are implemented.

Images