A hoisting device and method for dismantling and rebuilding the upper structure of an old underwater bridge

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of hoisting equipment, and in particular to a hoisting device and method for dismantling and rebuilding the superstructure of an old underwater bridge. A hoisting device for dismantling and rebuilding the superstructure of an old underwater bridge comprises a screw, a fixing block three, a sleeve, and an arc-shaped rod; the side surfaces of the fixing block one and the adjacent fixing block two are in contact with each other, and the side surfaces of the adjacent fixing blocks two are in contact with each other; the contact surfaces of the fixing block one and the fixing block two are both set as inclined surfaces; the contact surfaces of the adjacent fixing blocks two are both set as inclined surfaces; when the inclined surface on the fixing block two guides the bridge plate, it is automatically separated from the adjacent bridge plate, thereby reducing the resistance encountered during the hoisting process. Compared with manually using a crowbar to separate adjacent bridge plates, this method can be automatically performed as the first bridge plate is lifted, without the need for manual intervention, thus avoiding the problem of increased accident risks due to close-range operation by workers.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of hoisting equipment, and more particularly to a hoisting device and method for dismantling and rebuilding the superstructure of an old underwater bridge. Background Art

[0002] When dismantling and rebuilding the bridge deck of an old bridge, a manually operated drill is typically used to drill holes in the deck. Locks are then inserted through the holes and secured to the deck. A crane's lifting device is then connected to the locks, and the deck is lifted from the piers. However, as the crane lifts the deck, the sides of the deck slide against the sides of adjacent decks. Because the sides of a deck are often uneven and rebar heads may protrude from some sections, this can create significant resistance and interference during the lifting process.

[0003] To solve this problem, workers typically approach the bridge deck being lifted and use crowbars to separate it from the adjacent deck, significantly reducing resistance and interference. However, this approach poses significant safety risks because the deck is extremely unstable during the lifting process, and the close proximity of workers increases the risk of accidents. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to overcome the instability of the bridge slabs during the hoisting process, workers use crowbars to apply force at close range, which increases the risk of accidents and poses a safety hazard when separating adjacent bridge slabs. The present invention provides a hoisting device and method for the demolition and reconstruction of the superstructure of an old underwater bridge.

[0005] The technical implementation scheme of the present invention is:

[0006] A lifting device for dismantling and rebuilding the upper structure of an old underwater bridge comprises a crane, a first fixing block and a second fixing block; the first fixing block is provided with at least two; the side of each first fixing block is provided with a plurality of second fixing blocks arranged in a straight line; the device further comprises a screw, a third fixing block, a sleeve and an arc-shaped rod; the side surfaces of the first fixing block and the adjacent second fixing blocks are in contact with each other, and the side surfaces of the adjacent second fixing blocks are in contact with each other; the contact surfaces of the first fixing block and the second fixing block are both configured as inclined surfaces; the contact surfaces of the adjacent second fixing blocks are both configured as inclined surfaces; the lower end of the inclined surface of the second fixing block towards the first fixing block is inclined inwards, The lower end of the inclined surface of the fixing block 2 away from the fixing block 1 is inclined outward; each fixing block 1 is provided with at least two screws; each fixing block 2 is also provided with at least two screws; the two screws located on the same fixing block 1 are commonly fixed to a fixing block 3; the two screws located on the same fixing block 2 are commonly fixed to another fixing block 3; all fixing blocks 3 are located below the corresponding fixing block 1 and fixing block 2; each screw is screwed with a sleeve; each fixing block 1 is fixed to at least two arc rods; each fixing block 2 is also fixed to at least two arc rods.

[0007] Furthermore, a buffer block is included; each fixed block 2 is connected to a buffer block, and the buffer block is arranged on a side of the fixed block 2 close to the fixed block 1.

[0008] Furthermore, it also includes a buffer assembly, which includes a movable block, a round rod, a connecting block and a spring; the side of the buffer block is flush with the side of the corresponding fixed block 2; each fixed block 2 is slidably connected to a movable block; each movable block is provided with a number of channels; each fixed block 2 is provided with a cavity 1, and the movable block is located in the corresponding cavity 1; damping oil is provided in the cavity 1; each movable block is fixedly connected to a round rod, and the round rod is sealed and slidably connected to the corresponding fixed block 2; each round rod end is fixedly connected to a connecting block, and the connecting block is slidably connected to the corresponding fixed block 2; each fixed block 2 is provided with a cavity 2, and the connecting block slides in the corresponding cavity 2; each round rod is sleeved with a spring, one end of the spring is fixedly connected to the corresponding connecting block, and the other end of the spring is fixedly connected to the corresponding fixed block 2; each connecting block is fixedly connected to the corresponding buffer block.

[0009] Furthermore, it also includes a stopper; each connecting block is fixed with a stopper, and the stopper slides on the corresponding fixed block 2.

[0010] Furthermore, it also includes interception blocks; each fixing block is fixedly connected to a plurality of interception blocks, and the interception blocks pass through the corresponding connecting blocks.

[0011] Furthermore, each second fixing block is provided with an opening, which is communicated with the corresponding second cavity.

[0012] Furthermore, the bottom of the second cavity is inclined downward.

[0013] Furthermore, each fixing block 2 is provided with a plurality of flanges on the side away from the buffer block; each fixing block 2 is provided with a plurality of grooves on the side close to the buffer block; and the fixing block 1 is also provided with a plurality of flanges on the side facing the fixing block 2; and the flanges are plugged into the grooves.

[0014] Furthermore, the connecting surfaces of the fixing block 1 and the fixing block 2 are both configured as smooth surfaces.

[0015] A hoisting method for dismantling and rebuilding the superstructure of an old underwater bridge comprises the following steps:

[0016] Step 1: Drilling: Use a drilling rig to drill through holes in the bridge panels;

[0017] Step 2: Locking: Pass the screw from bottom to top through the through hole described in step 1, and through the corresponding fixing block 1 or fixing block 2, and then tighten the sleeve on the screw;

[0018] Step 3: Fixing: Connect the arc rod to the crane through the external lifting device;

[0019] Step 4: Hoisting. The crane lifts the bridge slab through the external lifting device. During the lifting process of the beam slab, the beam slab can be guided by two pairs of fixed blocks to separate it from the adjacent beam slabs.

[0020] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0021] First, the inclined surface on the second fixing block guides the bridge panel, automatically separating it from adjacent bridge panels, thereby reducing the resistance encountered during the lifting process. Compared with manually using a crowbar to separate adjacent bridge panels, this method can be automatically carried out as the first bridge panel is lifted, without the need for manual intervention, avoiding the problem of increased accident risks caused by close operation by workers;

[0022] Second, the buffer block prevents the first bridge plate from swinging back and forth, and prevents the first bridge plate from having excessive collision with the buffer block, which is beneficial to improving the stability of the lifting and extending the service life of the device. At the same time, the cavity 1 and cavity 2 for achieving the buffer function are opened on the inner side of the left side of the fixed block 2, so as to balance the gravity of the left and right parts of the fixed block 2, which is beneficial to improving the stability of the lifting process;

[0023] Third, by cooperating with the stopper, interception block and opening, impurities are prevented from remaining inside the second cavity and interfering with the movement of the connecting block, thereby avoiding interference with the buffering operation of the bridge plate;

[0024] Fourth, flanges and grooves are provided on the fixing block 1 and the fixing block 2, so that all the fixing blocks 2 can be positioned by the fixing block 1. After that, the positions of the through holes to be opened on the bridge plate can be determined manually only through the circular holes on the fixing block 2, without the need to manually use measuring tools to determine the positions of other through holes, thus shortening the process steps and improving efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a lifting device for dismantling and rebuilding an old underwater bridge superstructure according to the present invention is shown;

[0026] Figure 2 Shows the installation state diagram of the fixing block 1 and the fixing block 2 of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of a lifting device for dismantling and rebuilding an old underwater bridge superstructure according to the present invention is shown;

[0028] Figure 4 Shows a schematic structural diagram of the buffer assembly of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 Shows a schematic structural diagram of the interception block of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 An exploded view of the fixing block 1 and the fixing block 2 of the present invention is shown.

[0031] Explanation of the accompanying drawings: 1-crane, 2-fixed block one, 3-fixed block two, 4-screw, 5-fixed block three, 6-sleeve, 7-arc rod, 8-bridge plate, 201-movable block, 202-round rod, 203-connecting block, 204-spring, 205-buffer block, 206-stop block, 207-intercepting block, 91-cavity one, 92-channel, 93-cavity two, 94-opening, 95-flange, 96-groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The following description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] Example 1

[0034] A lifting device for dismantling and rebuilding the upper structure of an old underwater bridge, such as Figures 1-6As shown, it includes a crane 1, a fixing block 2 and a fixing block 3; there are two fixing blocks 2, and the fixing blocks 2 are made of metal; the sides of each fixing block 2 are arranged in a straight line and four fixing blocks 2 3 are arranged; it also includes a screw 4, a fixing block 3 5, a sleeve 6 and an arc rod 7; the fixing block 1 2 is in contact with the side surfaces of the adjacent fixing blocks 2 3, and the side surfaces of the adjacent fixing blocks 2 3 are in contact with each other; the contact surfaces of the fixing blocks 1 2 and the fixing blocks 2 3 are both set as inclined surfaces; the contact surfaces of the adjacent fixing blocks 2 3 are both set as inclined surfaces; the fixing block 2 3 is inclined inwardly toward the lower end of the inclined surface on the side of the fixing block 1 2, and the fixing block 2 3 is away from the fixed The lower end of the inclined surface on one side of the fixed block 2 is inclined outward; each fixed block 2 is provided with two screws 4; each fixed block 2 is also provided with two screws 4; the two screws 4 located on the same fixed block 1 2 are commonly fixed to a fixed block 3 5; the two screws 4 located on the same fixed block 2 3 are commonly fixed to another fixed block 3 5; all the fixed blocks 3 5 are located below the corresponding fixed block 1 2 and fixed block 2 3; each screw 4 is screwed with a sleeve 6; each fixed block 1 2 is welded with two arc rods 7; each fixed block 2 3 is also welded with two arc rods 7, and the arc rods 7 are used to install the sling.

[0035] It also includes a buffer block 205; each fixed block 2 3 is connected to a buffer block 205, through which the swinging bridge plate 8 is buffered, and the buffer block 205 is arranged on the side of the fixed block 2 3 close to the fixed block 1 2.

[0036] It also includes a buffer assembly, which includes a movable block 201, a round rod 202, a connecting block 203 and a spring 204; the side of the buffer block 205 is flush with the side of the corresponding fixed block 203; each fixed block 203 is slidably connected to a movable block 201; each movable block 201 is provided with four channels 92; each fixed block 203 is provided with a cavity 91, and the movable block 201 is located in the corresponding cavity 91; damping oil is provided in the cavity 91; each movable block 201 is bolted to a round rod 202, and the round rod 202 is connected to the corresponding fixed block 203. Block 203 is a sealed sliding connection, and the round rod 202 is made of metal; each end of the round rod 202 is bolted to a connecting block 203, and the connecting block 203 is slidingly connected to the corresponding fixed block 203; each fixed block 203 is provided with a cavity 203, and the connecting block 203 slides in the corresponding cavity 203; each round rod 202 is sleeved with a spring 204, one end of the spring 204 is fixedly connected to the corresponding connecting block 203, and the other end of the spring 204 is fixedly connected to the corresponding fixed block 203; each connecting block 203 is bolted to the corresponding buffer block 205.

[0037] by Figure 1For example, the direction of the fixed block 2 close to the crane 1 is set to the left direction, and counting from left to right, the bridge plates 8 are sequentially set as the first bridge plate 8 to the fifth bridge plate 8:

[0038] The following describes the lifting work:

[0039] First, a through hole is drilled on the bridge plate 8 manually using a drill, and then the sleeve 6 is unscrewed from the screw 4, and then the screw 4 and the fixing block 3 5 are removed from the fixing block 1 2 or the fixing block 2 3, and then the fixing block 1 2 and the fixing block 2 3 are arranged and placed on the bridge plate 8. At this time, the status of the fixing block 1 2 and the fixing block 2 3 is as follows: Figure 2 As shown, they are arranged in a straight line. Then, another person is lifted to the bottom of the bridge plate 8 by a boom lift. This person passes the screw 4 from the bottom to the top through the through hole on the bridge plate 8, and passes the light rod part of the screw 4 through the fixed block 1 2 or the fixed block 2 3, while making the fixed block 3 5 rest against the lower side of the bridge plate 8. Then the person on the upper side of the bridge plate 8 screws the sleeve 6 into the screw 4, and presses the sleeve 6 on the fixed block 1 2 or the fixed block 2 3, thereby locking the fixed block 1 2, the fixed block 2 3, the screw 4, the fixed block 3 5, the sleeve 6 and the arc rod 7 on the bridge plate 8. At this time, the positional relationship between the fixed block 1 2, the fixed block 2 3, the screw 4, the fixed block 3 5, the sleeve 6, the arc rod 7 and the bridge plate 8 is as shown in the figure. Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, then, manually fix the external sling on the arc rod 7 corresponding to the first bridge plate 8, and then fix the external sling on the hook of the crane 1. The crane 1 drives the arc rod 7 upward through the external sling, and the arc rod 7 drives the fixed block 1 2, the fixed block 2 3, the screw 4, the fixed block 3 5 and the sleeve 6 to move upward, thereby driving the first bridge plate 8 to move upward. The first bridge plate 8 moves upward and contacts the left inclined surface of the fixed block 2 3. The left inclined surface of the fixed block 2 3 blocks and limits the first bridge plate 8, so that the first bridge plate 8 moves along the fixed block 2 3. The left inclined surface moves obliquely upward, so that the first bridge plate 8 moves upward while moving away from the second bridge plate 8. That is, during the upward movement of the first bridge plate 8, the collision between the concrete protrusions and the steel bar ends on the adjacent sides of the first bridge plate 8 and the second bridge plate 8 can be reduced, which greatly reduces the resistance encountered by the first bridge plate 8 when it is lifted. Compared with manually using a crowbar to separate adjacent bridge plates, this method can be automatically carried out as the first bridge plate 8 is lifted, without the need for human intervention, avoiding the problem of increased accident risks due to close operation of workers.

[0040] The first bridge plate 8 moves obliquely upward along the left side of the fixed block 23, and when it moves to above the fixed block 23, the fixed block 23 no longer blocks and limits the first bridge plate 8. At this time, the first bridge plate 8 has the potential energy to swing to the right, and thus there will be a left and right reciprocating swing with a gradually decreasing amplitude, resulting in a decrease in the lifting stability. Therefore, a buffer block 205 is set on the fixed block 23. In the initial state, the left side of the buffer block 205 is aligned with the right side of the corresponding bridge plate 8. When the first bridge plate 8 moves to above the fixed block 23, the fixed block 23 no longer blocks and limits the first bridge plate 8. At this time, the first bridge plate 8 swings to the right and contacts the buffer block 205, and the buffer block 205 intercepts the first bridge plate 8, thereby avoiding the reciprocating swing of the first bridge plate 8.

[0041] The first bridge plate 8 swings to the right and hits the buffer block 205. Since the first bridge plate 8 has a relatively large mass, the impact force when it collides with the buffer block 205 is large, which reduces the service life of the buffer block 205 and easily causes the lifting stability to decrease instead of increase. Therefore, by making the left side of the buffer block 205 flush with the left side of the fixed block 23, when the first bridge plate 8 moves to above the fixed block 23, the first bridge plate 8 transitions to contact the buffer block 205 and pushes the buffer block 205 to move to the right. The buffer block 205 drives the connecting block 203 to move to the right, and the connecting block 203 drives the round rod 202 to move to the right and compresses the spring 204. The round rod 202 drives the movable block 201 to move to the right. In this process, the damping oil on the right side of the cavity 191 is squeezed by the movable block 201. It will flow from channel 92 to the left side of cavity 1 91. Since channel 92 is relatively narrow, the damping oil will encounter relatively large resistance when passing through channel 92, thereby causing the movable block 201 to move to the right in a damped manner, and then causing the buffer block 205 to move slowly to the right, and then causing the first bridge plate 8 to swing slowly to the right. When the first bridge plate 8 swings to a vertical state, the movable block 201 moves to the extreme position, that is, the buffer block 205 cannot continue to move to the right. The buffer block 205 blocks and limits the first bridge plate 8, so that the first bridge plate 8 no longer swings to the right and loses the potential energy required for the swing. In this way, the reciprocating swing of the first bridge plate 8 is avoided, and the excessive collision between the first bridge plate 8 and the buffer block 205 is avoided, which is beneficial to improving the lifting stability and extending the service life of the device.

[0042] During the hoisting process, in order to enable the fixed block 23 to have the function of guiding the bridge plate 8 obliquely upward, the fixed block 23 as a whole is similar to a parallelogram, but because the length of the lower side surface of the fixed block 23 is equal to the width of the bridge plate 8, and the upper left side of the fixed block 23 exceeds the upper side of the bridge plate 8, the upper right side of the fixed block 23 is located inside the upper side of the bridge plate 8, so that the center of gravity of the fixed block 23 is biased to the left. Therefore, the cavity 1 91 and the cavity 2 93 for realizing the buffering function are opened on the inner side of the left side of the fixed block 23 to balance the gravity of the left and right parts of the fixed block 23, which is beneficial to improve the stability of the hoisting process.

[0043] In summary: when the bridge plate 8 is guided by the inclined surface on the fixed block 23, it is automatically separated from the adjacent bridge plates 8, thereby reducing the resistance encountered during the lifting process. Compared with manually using a crowbar to separate adjacent bridge plates, this method can be automatically performed as the first bridge plate 8 is lifted, without the need for manual intervention, avoiding the problem of increased accident risks due to close operation of workers; the buffer block 205 is used to avoid the reciprocating swing of the first bridge plate 8, while avoiding excessive collision between the first bridge plate 8 and the buffer block 205, which is beneficial to improving the lifting stability and extending the service life of the device. At the same time, the cavity 1 91 and cavity 2 93 for realizing the buffer function are opened on the inner side of the left side of the fixed block 23 to balance the gravity of the left and right parts of the fixed block 23, which is beneficial to improving the stability of the lifting process.

[0044] Example 2

[0045] On the basis of Example 1, Figure 5 As shown, a stopper 206 is also included; each connecting block 203 is bolted to a stopper 206, and the stopper 206 slides on the corresponding fixed block 3, and the impurities flowing toward the cavity 93 are intercepted by the stopper 206.

[0046] It also includes an interception block 207; three interception blocks 207 are bolted to each fixing block 203, and the interception block 207 passes through the corresponding connecting block 203. The interception block 207 can be set to wear-resistant plastic, and the interception block 207 can also be set to metal material. The large impurities flowing toward the cavity 2 93 are intercepted by the interception block 207.

[0047] Each fixing block 3 is provided with an opening 94 , which is communicated with the corresponding cavity 93 , so that impurities in the cavity 93 are discharged through the opening 94 .

[0048] The bottom of the second cavity 93 is tilted downward, so that impurities can be discharged smoothly through the opening 94.

[0049] When the bridge plate 8 pushes the buffer block 205 to move to the right, impurities (such as concrete debris) remaining on the bridge plate 8 will fall into the cavity 2 93 and interfere with the resetting of the connecting block 203. Therefore, the impurities are intercepted by the block 206 to prevent them from falling to the right side of the connecting block 203. After the buffer block 205 drives the connecting block 203 to move to the right, the left side of the connecting block 203 stops contacting the fixed block 2 3, and the impurities will fall to the left side of the connecting block 203. At this time, large impurities can be intercepted by the interception block 207. After small impurities fall to the left side of the connecting block 203, they will slide out from the opening 94 to avoid interfering with the movement of the connecting block 203.

[0050] During use, the stop block 206 , the interception block 207 and the opening 94 cooperate to prevent impurities from remaining inside the second cavity 93 and interfering with the movement of the connecting block 203 , thereby avoiding interference with the buffering operation of the bridge plate 8 .

[0051] Example 3

[0052] On the basis of Example 2, Figure 6 As shown, each fixing block 2 3 is provided with two flange portions 95 on the side away from the buffer block 205; each fixing block 2 3 is provided with two grooves 96 on the side close to the buffer block 205; and the fixing block 1 2 is also provided with two flange portions 95 on the side facing the fixing block 2 3; the flange portions 95 are plugged into the grooves 96 to limit the fixing block 1 2 and the fixing block 2 3 in the left and right directions.

[0053] The joint surfaces of the fixing block 1 2 and the fixing block 2 3 are both set to be smooth surfaces to reduce friction.

[0054] The end of each screw rod 4 is provided with a chamfer, so that the screw rod 4 can pass through the fixing block 1 2 and the fixing block 2 3 more easily.

[0055] When drilling through holes on the bridge plate 8 manually using a drill, first use a measuring tool to determine the opening positions of the two through holes on the left, then lock the fixing block 1 2 on the bridge plate 8 through the two through holes on the left, then insert the first fixing block 2 3 obliquely downward into the fixing block 1 2, so that the groove 96 of the first fixing block 2 3 is inserted into the outer side of the flange 95 of the fixing block 1 2, then insert the second fixing block 2 3 obliquely downward into the first fixing block 2 3, so that the groove 96 of the second fixing block 2 3 is inserted into the flange 95 of the first fixing block 2 3. 5 outside, and insert other fixing blocks 2 3 in turn in this way, so that the fixing blocks 2 3 are arranged in a straight line on the bridge plate 8, so that all the fixing blocks 2 3 are positioned by the fixing block 1 2, and then, the brick of the drill is manually passed through the circular hole corresponding to the screw 4 on the fixing block 2 3 to drill a through hole on the bridge plate 8. In this process, the position of the through hole to be opened on the bridge plate 8 can be positioned by the fixing block 2 3, and there is no need to manually use measuring tools to determine the opening position of other through holes, which shortens the process steps and is conducive to improving efficiency.

[0056] During use, flanges 95 and grooves 96 are provided on the fixing block 1 2 and the fixing block 2 3, so that all the fixing blocks 2 3 can be positioned through the fixing block 1 2. Afterwards, the positions of the through holes to be opened on the bridge plate 8 can be determined manually only through the circular holes on the fixing block 2 3, without the need to manually use measuring tools to determine the positions of the other through holes, thus shortening the process steps and improving efficiency.

[0057] A hoisting method for dismantling and rebuilding the superstructure of an old underwater bridge comprises the following steps:

[0058] Step 1: Drilling: Use a drilling machine to drill through holes in the bridge plate 8;

[0059] Step 2: Locking: Pass the screw 4 from bottom to top through the through hole described in step 1, and through the corresponding fixing block 1 2 or fixing block 2 3, and then tighten the sleeve 6 on the screw 4;

[0060] Step 3: Fixing: Connect the arc rod 7 to the crane 1 through an external sling;

[0061] Step 4: Hoisting. The crane 1 lifts the bridge slab 8 through an external lifting device. During the lifting process of the beam slab 8, the beam slab 8 can be guided by the fixed block 2 3 to separate it from the adjacent beam slab 8.

[0062] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A hoisting device for dismantling and rebuilding the upper structure of an old bridge in water, comprising a crane (1); at least two fixing blocks (2); a plurality of fixing blocks (3) arranged in a straight line on the side of each fixing block (2); and the device is characterized by: The side surfaces of the fixed block 1 (2) and the adjacent fixed block 2 (3) are in contact with each other, and the side surfaces of the adjacent fixed block 2 (3) are in contact with each other; the contact surfaces of the fixed block 1 (2) and the fixed block 2 (3) are both set as inclined surfaces; the contact surfaces of the adjacent fixed block 2 (3) are both set as inclined surfaces; the lower end of the inclined surface of the fixed block 2 (3) facing the side of the fixed block 1 (2) is inclined inwardly, and the lower end of the inclined surface of the fixed block 2 (3) away from the side of the fixed block 1 (2) is inclined outwardly; each fixed block 1 (2) is provided with at least two screws (4); each fixed block 2 (3) is also provided with There are at least two screw rods (4); the two screw rods (4) located on the same fixed block 1 (2) are fixedly connected to a fixed block 3 (5); the two screw rods (4) located on the same fixed block 2 (3) are fixedly connected to another fixed block 3 (5); all fixed blocks 3 (5) are located below the corresponding fixed block 1 (2) and fixed block 2 (3); each screw rod (4) is screwed with a sleeve (6); each fixed block 1 (2) is fixedly connected to at least two arc rods (7); each fixed block 2 (3) is also fixedly connected to at least two arc rods (7).

2. The hoisting device for dismantling and rebuilding the superstructure of an old underwater bridge according to claim 1 is characterized by: It also includes a buffer block (205); each fixed block 2 (3) is connected to a buffer block (205), and the buffer block (205) is arranged on a side of the fixed block 2 (3) close to the fixed block 1 (2).

3. The hoisting device for dismantling and rebuilding the superstructure of an old underwater bridge according to claim 2 is characterized by: The invention also includes a buffer assembly, which includes a movable block (201), a round rod (202), a connecting block (203) and a spring (204); the side of the buffer block (205) is flush with the side of the corresponding fixed block (3); each fixed block (3) is slidably connected to a movable block (201); each movable block (201) is provided with a plurality of channels (92); each fixed block (3) is provided with a cavity (91), and the movable block (201) is located in the corresponding cavity (91); damping oil is provided in the cavity (91); each movable block (201) is fixedly connected to a round rod (202), and the round rod (203) is provided with a plurality of channels (92). 02) is connected to the corresponding fixed block 2 (3) in a sealed sliding manner; each round rod (202) is fixedly connected to a connecting block (203) at the end thereof, and the connecting block (203) is connected to the corresponding fixed block 2 (3) in a sliding manner; each fixed block 2 (3) is provided with a cavity 2 (93), and the connecting block (203) slides in the corresponding cavity 2 (93); each round rod (202) is provided with a spring (204), one end of the spring (204) is fixedly connected to the corresponding connecting block (203), and the other end of the spring (204) is fixedly connected to the corresponding fixed block 2 (3); each connecting block (203) is fixedly connected to the corresponding buffer block (205).

4. The hoisting device for dismantling and rebuilding the superstructure of an old underwater bridge according to claim 3 is characterized by: It also includes a stopper (206); each connecting block (203) is fixed with a stopper (206), and the stopper (206) slides on the corresponding fixed block 2 (3).

5. The hoisting device for dismantling and rebuilding the superstructure of an old underwater bridge according to claim 4 is characterized by: It also includes an interception block (207); each fixing block (3) is fixed with a plurality of interception blocks (207), and the interception blocks (207) pass through the corresponding connection blocks (203).

6. The hoisting device for dismantling and rebuilding the superstructure of an old underwater bridge according to claim 5 is characterized by: Each fixing block 2 (3) is provided with an opening (94), and the opening (94) is communicated with the corresponding cavity 2 (93).

7. The hoisting device for dismantling and rebuilding the superstructure of an old underwater bridge according to claim 6 is characterized by: The bottom of cavity 2 (93) is inclined downward.

8. A hoisting device for dismantling and rebuilding an old underwater bridge superstructure according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: A plurality of flanges (95) are provided on the side of each fixing block 2 (3) away from the buffer block (205); a plurality of grooves (96) are provided on the side of each fixing block 2 (3) close to the buffer block (205); a plurality of flanges (95) are also provided on the side of the fixing block 1 (2) facing the fixing block 2 (3); the flanges (95) are plugged into the grooves (96).

9. The hoisting device for dismantling and rebuilding the superstructure of an old underwater bridge according to claim 8, characterized in that: The joint surfaces of the fixing block 1 (2) and the fixing block 2 (3) are both set to be smooth surfaces.

10. A hoisting method for dismantling and rebuilding the superstructure of an old underwater bridge, characterized by: The method uses the hoisting device for dismantling and rebuilding the superstructure of an old underwater bridge as described in claim 9, and includes the following working steps: Step 1: drilling holes, using a drilling machine to drill through holes in the bridge plate (8); Step 2: Locking: Pass the screw rod (4) from bottom to top through the through hole described in step 1, and pass through the corresponding fixing block 1 (2) or fixing block 2 (3), and then tighten the sleeve (6) onto the screw rod (4); Step 3: Fixing: Connect the arc rod (7) to the crane (1) through an external sling; Step 4: Hoisting. The crane (1) lifts the bridge plate (8) through the external lifting device. During the lifting process of the beam plate (8), the beam plate (8) can be guided by the fixed block 2 (3) to separate it from the adjacent beam plate (8).

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