Advanced support equipment and method for complex bottom plate roadway of underground coal mine

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of roadway supporting, in particular to coal mine underground complex bottom plate roadway advance supporting equipment which comprises a first rectangular frame, a second rectangular frame is transversely attached to the top end of the first rectangular frame in a sliding mode, and through arrangement of a self-moving assembly, the roadway advance supporting equipment can automatically move in a roadway to replace the position; the device is simple to operate, reduces the labor intensity of workers, and can crush, scrape and clean stones protruding out of the uneven bottom plate ground through the arrangement and operation of the limiting crushing mechanism during self-moving, so that the bottom plate supporting seat is in uniform contact with the ground in the later period, the supporting device can uniformly transmit the pressure of a top plate to the ground, and the working efficiency is improved. The whole supporting force is evenly distributed, the whole supporting effect is guaranteed, meanwhile, after crushing and clearing are finished, when the supporting base makes contact with the ground, the conical crushing drill bit can be driven to synchronously descend to be inserted into a deeper hard bottom plate, a certain positioning assisting effect is achieved, and the whole stability of the advance supporting structure is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of roadway support, and specifically provides an advanced support device and method for complex floor roadways in coal mines Background Technique

[0002] Advanced support is an important auxiliary support measure taken in front of the working face to ensure the stability of the surrounding rock of the roadway during the tunneling or mining operation of the mine roadway. With the improvement of the mechanization degree of the coal mine tunneling and mining system, the application of high-power construction equipment, and the popularization of the large-section bolt-net support method for roadways, advanced support has become even more important

[0003] Publication No. CN118815515B proposes an advanced support device for underground roadway tunneling. When the support device and the support legs move downward, the cleaning impeller, cleaning plate, etc. can move downward synchronously. When the cleaning impeller moves to contact the ground, the support legs continue to move downward and no longer drive the cleaning impeller to move downward. At this time, the cleaning impeller will rotate, and it can sweep the stones and other impurities directly below the support legs to the outer periphery. When the cleaning plate moves downward to contact the ground, when the support legs continue to move downward, the cleaning plate will move outward. The outward movement of the cleaning plate can scrape and push the impurities below the support legs to the outer periphery, so that the support legs can contact a stable ground and play a more stable support. When the telescopic legs continue to extend after the support legs contact the ground, the roof can be moved upward, so that the roof contacts the roof wall of the roadway again for support

[0004] However, due to the complex and diverse geological structures in coal mines, faults, folds and other structures may exist in the roadway area. The rocks near the fault will be broken and displaced due to the strong stress, resulting in uneven distribution of the rocks. When the advanced support equipment moves by itself, there are uneven hard stones on the roadway floor, causing the ground to be uneven. The existing advanced support equipment for underground roadway tunneling does not have the function of breaking and cleaning hard stones at the bottom support seat, and can only do simple ground cleaning. The existence of hard stones in the later stage reduces and makes uneven the contact area between the support seat and the ground, resulting in the support equipment being unable to evenly transfer the roof pressure to the ground, the overall distribution of the support force being unbalanced, insufficient support force in some areas, making it difficult to effectively support the roof, and increasing the structural instability risk of roof subsidence, deformation or even collapse. Therefore, the existing advanced support equipment for underground roadways still has certain limitations in actual use Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an advanced support device and method for complex floor roadways in coal mines to solve the problems raised in the above background technique

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: An advanced support device for complex floor roadways in coal mines, including a first rectangular frame, a second rectangular frame is horizontally and slidably attached to the top of the first rectangular frame. A number of support frames are horizontally arranged at equal intervals on the outer parts of the tops of the first rectangular frame and the second rectangular frame. A number of fixing blocks are fixedly installed at equal intervals on both sides of the tops of the first rectangular frame and the second rectangular frame. The tops of the number of fixing blocks are fixedly installed with the bottoms of the corresponding support frames at the top. A self-shifting component is arranged between the first rectangular frame and the second rectangular frame. Fixing seats are fixedly connected at the corners of the first rectangular frame and the second rectangular frame. Support hydraulic cylinders are longitudinally fixedly installed at the bottoms of the fixing seats. Support seats are fixedly installed on the outer parts of the bottoms of the support hydraulic cylinders. An installation cavity one is opened inside the support seat. A limiting and crushing mechanism is arranged inside the installation cavity one. An expansion and cleaning component is arranged on the outer part of the bottom of the support seat.

[0007] Further, the self-shifting component includes two first telescopic hydraulic cylinders. The two first telescopic hydraulic cylinders are symmetrically arranged horizontally between the inner wall of one side of the first rectangular frame and the inner wall of one side of the second rectangular frame. Rotating seats are fixedly installed on the outer parts of the first rectangular frame and the second rectangular frame close to the two first telescopic hydraulic cylinders. The two ends of the two first telescopic hydraulic cylinders are respectively rotatably installed inside the corresponding rotating seats.

[0008] Further, the limiting and crushing mechanism includes a limiting frame and a driving motor. The limiting frame is fixedly installed inside the installation cavity one close to the top. The driving motor is fixedly installed through the limiting frame. A fixing plate is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the output shaft of the driving motor. A through hole is longitudinally arranged inside the support seat at the bottom of the fixing plate. A conical crushing drill bit is longitudinally arranged inside the through hole.

[0009] Further, a number of limiting blocks are fixedly installed around the top end of the conical crushing drill bit at equal angles. Connecting frames are longitudinally fixedly installed at the tops of the number of limiting blocks. The tops of the connecting frames are fixedly installed inside the bottom side of the fixing plate in an embedded manner. An extrusion component is arranged on the bottom side of the fixing plate.

[0010] Further, the extrusion component includes a second telescopic hydraulic cylinder and a first piston block. The second telescopic hydraulic cylinder is longitudinally fixedly installed on the outer part of the bottom side of the fixing plate at the top. The top of the first piston block is fixedly installed with the bottom end output of the second telescopic hydraulic cylinder. A liquid storage cylinder is fixedly installed at the top of the conical crushing drill bit. The first piston block is longitudinally slidably and sealingly installed inside the liquid storage cylinder. A conduction cover is conductively installed at the bottom of the liquid storage cylinder.

[0011] Furthermore, a limiting cylinder is installed transversely through the interior of several of the limiting blocks, one end of the limiting cylinder is fixedly installed through the interior of one side of the conductive cover, a resistance rod is slidably installed through the interior of the limiting cylinder, a piston block 2 is fixedly installed on one end of the resistance rod close to the conductive cover, and a sliding seal is installed between the piston block 2 and the inner wall of the conductive cover.

[0012] Furthermore, the expansion cleaning assembly includes a plurality of expansion scrapers, which are arranged in a surrounding and fitting manner on the outside of one side of the conical crushing drill bit near the top, and the end of the resistance rod away from the second piston block is fixed to one side of the expansion scraper on the corresponding side, and the outer surfaces of the plurality of expansion scrapers are fixedly provided with limiting teeth at even intervals.

[0013] Furthermore, two fixing columns are symmetrically arranged between every two adjacent expansion scrapers, and one side of the two fixing columns is fixedly installed on the outside of the expansion scraper on the corresponding side. An installation cavity 2 is opened inside each of the fixing columns, and a rotating rod is rotatably installed inside the installation cavity 2. Reset torsion springs are fixedly installed between the two ends of the rotating rod and the inner wall on the corresponding side of the installation cavity 2.

[0014] Furthermore, a connecting plate is provided between every two adjacent fixed columns, and a limiting groove is provided inside one side of each fixed column close to the connecting plate. One end of the connecting plate passes through the limiting groove inside one of the fixed columns and is wrapped around the outer surface of the fixed column on the corresponding side, and the other end of the connecting plate passes through the limiting groove inside the other fixed column and is wrapped around the outer surface of the fixed column on the corresponding side.

[0015] The present invention also provides a method for using an advanced support device for a complex floor tunnel in a coal mine, comprising the following steps:

[0016] S1: First, determine the installation position of the tunnel advance support equipment according to the actual situation and support requirements of the tunnel. After assembly, start supporting and using it. When in use, the operation of the self-moving component can be controlled to drive the entire tunnel advance support equipment to move and change positions in the tunnel.

[0017] S2: When the self-moving component is running and drives the tunnel advance support equipment to move by itself, the limit crushing mechanism can be started to crush the stones on the uneven ground, and at the same time, the conical crushing drill bit can be inserted into the deeper and relatively harder lower medium for stable support;

[0018] S3: After the limited crushing mechanism crushes the stones on the uneven ground, the crushed stones at the bottom of the support seat can be expanded, cleaned and scraped away by the operation of the expansion and cleaning component to keep the ground flat and unobstructed.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0020] 1. Through the setting of the self-shifting component, the roadway advanced support equipment of the present invention can self-shift and change positions in the roadway, with simple operation, greatly reducing the manual operations that workers need to perform, thereby reducing the labor intensity of workers. At the same time, when self-shifting, through the setting and operation of the limit breaking mechanism, it can break, scrape and clean the raised stones on the uneven ground, so that the contact between the later support base and the ground is uniform, and the support equipment can evenly transfer the roof pressure to the ground, with the overall supporting force evenly distributed, ensuring the overall support effect. At the same time, after the crushing and cleaning are completed, when the support base contacts the ground, it will drive the conical crushing drill bit to synchronously descend and insert into the deeper, harder and more stable bottom plate, playing a certain positioning and auxiliary role, so that the overall stable support effect is better;

[0021] 2. When the limit breaking mechanism is operating, through the cooperative setting of the fixed column, the second installation cavity, the rotating rod, the reset torsion spring, the limit groove and the connecting piece, when the expansion scraper expands and moves to push out and clean the broken stones, the connecting piece between the two expansion scrapers will stretch and extend synchronously, so as to ensure that there is no cleaning omission area between the two expanded expansion scrapers, ensuring the comprehensiveness of the overall scraping and cleaning. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the roadway advanced support equipment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the installation of the first rectangular frame and the second rectangular frame of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional sectional view of the local installation of the support base and the limit frame of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 The enlarged structural diagram at position A;

[0026] Figure 5 It is a three-dimensional sectional view of the local installation of the limit cylinder and the abutting rod of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6 It is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the installation of the expansion scraper and the fixed column of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 6 The enlarged structural diagram at position B;

[0029] Figure 8 It is a top view demonstration diagram of the synchronous movement of the expansion scraper driven by the movement of the abutting rod of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 9 This is a demonstration schematic diagram of the conical crushing bit of the present invention descending to crush the raised stones on the ground.

[0031] In the attached drawings, the list of components represented by each reference numeral is as follows: 1. First rectangular frame; 2. Second rectangular frame; 3. Fixed block; 4. Support frame; 5. First telescopic hydraulic cylinder; 6. Rotating seat; 7. Fixed seat; 8. Support hydraulic cylinder; 9. Support seat; 10. First installation cavity; 11. Limiting frame; 12. Driving motor; 13. Fixed disk; 14. Through hole; 15. Connecting frame; 16. Conical crushing bit; 17. Limiting block; 18. Second telescopic hydraulic cylinder; 19. Liquid storage cylinder; 20. First piston block; 21. Conducting cover; 22. Limiting cylinder; 23. Contact rod; 24. Second piston block; 25. Expanding scraper; 26. Limiting teeth; 27. Fixed column; 28. Second installation cavity; 29. Rotating rod; 30. Reset torsion spring; 31. Limiting groove; 32. Connecting piece. Specific embodiments

[0032] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0033] The present invention provides a technical solution: as Figure 1 - Figure 9 shown, a complex floor roadway advanced support device in a coal mine includes a first rectangular frame 1. A second rectangular frame 2 is horizontally and slidably installed on the top of the first rectangular frame 1 in a fitting manner. A plurality of support frames 4 are horizontally arranged at equal intervals on the outer parts of the tops of the first rectangular frame 1 and the second rectangular frame 2. A plurality of fixed blocks 3 are fixedly installed at equal intervals on both sides of the tops of the first rectangular frame 1 and the second rectangular frame 2. The tops of the plurality of fixed blocks 3 are fixedly installed with the bottoms of the corresponding support frames 4 at the top. A self-shifting component is arranged between the first rectangular frame 1 and the second rectangular frame 2. Fixed seats 7 are fixedly connected at the corners of the first rectangular frame 1 and the second rectangular frame 2. Support hydraulic cylinders 8 are longitudinally and fixedly installed at the bottoms of the fixed seats 7. Support seats 9 are fixedly installed on the outer parts of the bottoms of the support hydraulic cylinders 8. An installation cavity 10 is formed inside the support seat 9. A limiting and crushing mechanism is arranged inside the installation cavity 10. An expanding and cleaning component is arranged on the outer part of the bottom of the support seat 9.

[0034] The self-shifting component includes two first telescopic hydraulic cylinders 5. The two first telescopic hydraulic cylinders 5 are symmetrically arranged horizontally between the inner walls of one side of the first rectangular frame 1 and the inner walls of one side of the second rectangular frame 2. Rotating seats 6 are fixedly installed on the outer parts of one side of the first rectangular frame 1 and the second rectangular frame 2 close to the two first telescopic hydraulic cylinders 5. The two ends of the two first telescopic hydraulic cylinders 5 are respectively rotatably installed inside the corresponding rotating seats 6.

[0035] The limit breaking mechanism includes a limit frame 11 and a driving motor 12. The limit frame 11 is fixedly installed inside the first installation cavity 10 near the top. The driving motor 12 is fixedly installed through the limit frame 11. A fixed disk 13 is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the output shaft of the driving motor 12. A through hole 14 is provided through the bottom end inside of the support seat 9. A conical breaking drill bit 16 is longitudinally arranged inside the through hole 14.

[0036] A number of limit blocks 17 are fixedly installed around the top end of the conical breaking drill bit 16 at equal angles. Connecting frames 15 are longitudinally fixedly installed at the top ends of the number of limit blocks 17. The top ends of the connecting frames 15 are fixedly installed inside one side of the bottom end of the fixed disk 13 in an embedded manner. An extrusion assembly is arranged on one side of the bottom end of the fixed disk 13.

[0037] The extrusion assembly includes a second telescopic hydraulic cylinder 18 and a first piston block 20. The top end of the second telescopic hydraulic cylinder 18 is longitudinally fixedly installed outside one side of the bottom end of the fixed disk 13. The top end of the first piston block 20 is fixedly installed with the bottom end output end of the second telescopic hydraulic cylinder 18. A liquid storage cylinder 19 is fixedly installed at the top end of the conical breaking drill bit 16. The first piston block 20 is longitudinally slidably and sealingly installed inside the liquid storage cylinder 19. A conduction cover 21 is conductively installed at the bottom end of the liquid storage cylinder 19.

[0038] Limit cylinders 22 are horizontally installed through the inside of the number of limit blocks 17. One ends of the limit cylinders 22 are fixedly installed through the inside of one side of the conduction cover 21. A resisting rod 23 is slidably installed through the inside of the limit cylinder 22. A second piston block 24 is fixedly installed at the end of the resisting rod 23 close to the conduction cover 21. And the second piston block 24 is slidably and sealingly installed with the inner wall of the conduction cover 21.

[0039] Specifically, when the whole device is in use, hydraulic oil needs to be injected into the liquid storage cylinder 19 and the conduction cover 21 at the bottom, so as to ensure that the first piston block 20 can extrude and suck the hydraulic oil during longitudinal sliding, so as to drive the second piston block 24 and the resisting rod 23 to move synchronously.

[0040] The expansion and cleaning assembly includes a number of expansion scrapers 25. The number of expansion scrapers 25 are arranged around and in contact with the outside of one side of the conical breaking drill bit 16 near the top end. The ends of the resisting rods 23 far from the second piston block 24 are fixedly installed with one side of the corresponding expansion scrapers 25. A number of limit teeth 26 are fixedly installed at equal intervals on the outer surface of the number of expansion scrapers 25.

[0041] Specifically, by making the expansion scraper 25 fit the outer surface of the top end of the conical crushing bit 16, when the expansion scraper 25 expands and moves subsequently, all the crushed stones outside the conical crushing bit 16 can be scraped off without omission, ensuring the overall scraping cleanliness and the overall cleaning effect. At the same time, with the setting of the limiting teeth 26 on the side wall of the expansion scraper 25, after the expansion scraper 25 is recovered subsequently, the conical crushing bit 16 can drive the expansion scraper 25 to rotate synchronously and drill into the ground interior, reducing the drilling resistance and ensuring the overall drilling smoothness as Figure 9 shown.

[0042] Two fixing columns 27 are symmetrically arranged between every two adjacent expansion scrapers 25. The outer sides of one side of the two fixing columns 27 are fixedly installed on the outer part of the corresponding side expansion scraper 25. An installation cavity two 28 is opened inside each fixing column 27. A rotating rod 29 is rotatably installed inside the installation cavity two 28. A return torsion spring 30 is sleeved and fixedly installed between the two ends of the rotating rod 29 and the inner walls of the corresponding sides of the installation cavity two 28.

[0043] A connecting piece 32 is arranged between every two adjacent fixing columns 27. A limiting groove 31 is penetrated and arranged inside one side of each fixing column 27 close to the connecting piece 32. One end of the connecting piece 32 passes through the limiting groove 31 inside one of the fixing columns 27 and is wound and connected to the outer surface of the corresponding side fixing column 27. The other end of the connecting piece 32 passes through the limiting groove 31 inside the other fixing column 27 and is wound and connected to the outer surface of the corresponding side fixing column 27.

[0044] Working principle: First, according to the actual situation of the roadway and the support requirements, determine the installation position of the roadway advanced support equipment. After assembly, start the support use. During use, all the support hydraulic cylinders 8 at the corners of the rectangular frame two 2 can be controlled to retract, so that the whole rectangular frame two 2 is relaxed and no longer supports the roof. Then, control and start the retraction of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder one 5 on one side, thereby driving the rectangular frame two 2 to move forward a certain distance at the top of the rectangular frame one 1, making the support hydraulic cylinders 8 at the corners of the rectangular frame one 1 close to the support hydraulic cylinders 8 at the corners of the rectangular frame two 2. Then, control all the support hydraulic cylinders 8 at the corners of the rectangular frame two 2 to extend, so that the whole rectangular frame two 2 supports the roof again. Then, control all the support hydraulic cylinders 8 at the corners of the rectangular frame one 1 to retract, so that the whole rectangular frame one 1 is relaxed and no longer supports the roof. Then, control and start the extension of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder one 5 on one side, thereby driving the rectangular frame one 1 to move forward a certain distance at the bottom of the rectangular frame two 2. Then, control all the support hydraulic cylinders 8 at the corners of the rectangular frame one 1 to extend, so that the whole rectangular frame one 1 supports the roof again, thus completing the self-moving operation of the roadway advanced support equipment, enabling the roadway advanced support equipment to self-move and change positions in the roadway, with simple operation, greatly reducing the manual operations that workers need to perform, and thus reducing the labor intensity of workers.

[0045] When the support hydraulic cylinder 8 extends again after retraction for position replacement support, when there are raised hard stones on the ground corresponding to the bottom of the support hydraulic cylinder 8, at this time, by starting the drive motor 12 inside the support base 9 at the bottom of the support hydraulic cylinder 8, through the rotation start of the drive motor 12, the fixed disk 13 connected to the output shaft of the drive motor 12 is driven to rotate synchronously. At the same time, with the connection and installation of the connecting frame 15 and the limit block 17, the conical crushing bit 16 is driven to start rotating. After that, as the support hydraulic cylinder 8 drives the support base 9 to descend to a certain position, the rotating conical crushing bit 16 will crush the raised hard stones. After the raised hard stones on the ground are crushed, at this time, a part of the bottom end of the conical crushing bit 16 is inserted into the ground. At this time, the bottom wall of the expansion scraper 25 is on the same horizontal line as the ground as Figure 9 shown. At this time, the telescopic hydraulic cylinder two 18 on one side can be started to extend and retract once. When the output end of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder two 18 extends, it will drive the piston block one 20 to descend synchronously, so as to evenly squeeze the hydraulic oil previously injected into the liquid storage cylinder 19 into several limit cylinders 22 on the side of the conduction cover 21, so that the piston block two 24 inside the limit cylinder 22 is moved by being resisted, thereby driving the side contact rod 23 and the expansion scraper 25 to move synchronously, so that several expansion scrapers 25 on the side of the top end of the conical crushing bit 16 move and expand synchronously, so as to scrape and remove the stones broken by the rotation of the original conical crushing bit 16 from the bottom of the support base 9, so as to be able to crush, scrape and clean the raised stones on the uneven ground, so that the contact between the support base 9 and the ground is uniform in the later stage, and the support equipment can evenly transfer the roof pressure to the ground, and the distribution of the overall supporting force is uniform, ensuring the overall supporting effect. When the output end of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder two 18 retracts, it will drive the piston block one 20 and the piston block two 24 to move back, so that the laterally moving expansion scraper 25 synchronously retracts and fits on the outer wall of the conical crushing bit 16. After that, the support hydraulic cylinder 8 drives the support base 9 to continue to descend until the support base 9 is in uniform contact with the ground for support. When the support base 9 contacts the ground, it will drive the whole conical crushing bit 16 to descend and insert into the deeper and relatively harder lower layer medium, playing a certain positioning and auxiliary role. Especially in the soft and broken rock stratum, it can significantly enhance the supporting effect, so that the overall stable supporting effect is better.

[0046] When several expansion scrapers 25 expand and move, as the distance between two adjacent expansion scrapers 25 becomes farther and farther, the rotating rod 29 inside the fixed column 27 will be driven to rotate, so that the connecting piece 32 wound around the outside of the rotating rod 29 will be stretched and extended synchronously, so as to ensure that there is no cleaning omission area between the two expanded expansion scrapers 25 as Figure 8As shown, the extended connecting piece 32 can synchronously clean the crushed stones, ensuring the comprehensiveness of the overall scraping and cleaning. When several expansion scrapers 25 move back, as the distance between two adjacent expansion scrapers 25 gets closer and closer, with the resilient rotation of the reset torsion spring 30, the rotating rod 29 inside the fixed column 27 is driven to rotate and reset synchronously, thereby rolling back and resetting the extended and pulled connecting piece 32 for subsequent reuse. At the same time, the connecting piece 32 can be recycled and protected to avoid exposure and wear, and the service life of the connecting piece 32 is extended.

[0047] The present invention also provides a method for using the advanced support equipment for complex floor roadways in coal mines, including the following steps:

[0048] S1: First, according to the actual situation of the roadway and the support requirements, determine the installation position of the roadway advanced support equipment. After assembly, start the support use. During use, the operation of the self-shifting component can be controlled to drive the entire roadway advanced support equipment to self-shift and change positions in the roadway.

[0049] S2: When the self-shifting component operates to drive the roadway advanced support equipment to self-shift, the limit breaking mechanism can be started to break the stones on the uneven ground, and at the same time, the conical breaking bit 16 is driven to penetrate into the deeper and relatively harder underlying medium for stable support.

[0050] S3: After the limit breaking mechanism breaks the stones on the uneven ground, the operation of the expansion and cleaning component can be used to expand, clean, and scrape the crushed stone blocks at the bottom of the support seat 9 to keep the ground flat and unobstructed.

[0051] It should be noted that in this article, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the term "comprising", "including" or any other variant thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0052] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, for those of ordinary skill in the art, it can be understood that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An advanced support device for complex floor roadways in coal mines, including a first rectangular frame (1), characterized in that: A rectangular frame one (1) has a rectangular frame two (2) slidably mounted horizontally in a fitting manner at its top. A number of support frames (4) are horizontally arranged at equal intervals on the outer parts of the tops of the rectangular frame one (1) and the rectangular frame two (2). A number of fixing blocks (3) are fixedly installed at equal intervals on both sides of the tops of the rectangular frame one (1) and the rectangular frame two (2). The tops of the number of fixing blocks (3) are fixedly installed with the bottoms of the corresponding support frames (4) at the top. A self-moving component is arranged between the rectangular frame one (1) and the rectangular frame two (2). Fixing seats (7) are fixedly connected at the corners of the rectangular frame one (1) and the rectangular frame two (2). Support hydraulic cylinders (8) are longitudinally fixedly installed at the bottoms of the fixing seats (7). Support seats (9) are fixedly installed on the outer parts of the bottoms of the support hydraulic cylinders (8). An installation cavity one (10) is formed inside the support seat (9). A limiting and crushing mechanism is arranged inside the installation cavity one (10). An expanding and cleaning component is arranged on the outer part of the bottom of the support seat (9).

2. The advanced support equipment for complex floor roadways in underground coal mines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The self-moving component includes two telescopic hydraulic cylinders one (5). The two telescopic hydraulic cylinders one (5) are symmetrically arranged horizontally between the inner wall of one side of the rectangular frame one (1) and the inner wall of one side of the rectangular frame two (2). Rotating seats (6) are fixedly installed on the outer parts of the rectangular frame one (1) and the rectangular frame two (2) close to the two telescopic hydraulic cylinders one (5). The two ends of the two telescopic hydraulic cylinders one (5) are respectively rotatably installed inside the rotating seats (6) on the corresponding sides.

3. The advanced support equipment for complex floor roadways in underground coal mines according to claim 1, wherein: The limiting and crushing mechanism includes a limiting frame (11) and a driving motor (12). The limiting frame (11) is fixedly installed inside the installation cavity one (10) close to the top. The driving motor (12) is fixedly installed through the limiting frame (11). A fixing disk (13) is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the output shaft of the driving motor (12). A through hole (14) is longitudinally arranged inside the support seat (9) at the bottom of the fixing disk (13). A conical crushing drill bit (16) is longitudinally arranged inside the through hole (14).

4. The advanced support equipment for complex floor roadways in coal mines according to claim 3, characterized in that: A number of limiting blocks (17) are fixedly installed around the top of the conical crushing drill bit (16) at equal angles. Connecting frames (15) are longitudinally fixedly installed at the tops of the number of limiting blocks (17). The tops of the connecting frames (15) are fixedly installed inside one side of the bottom end of the fixing disk (13) in an embedded manner. An extrusion component is arranged on one side of the bottom end of the fixing disk (13).

5. The advanced support equipment for complex floor roadways in coal mines according to claim 4, characterized in that: The extrusion component includes a telescopic hydraulic cylinder two (18) and a piston block one (20). The telescopic hydraulic cylinder two (18) is longitudinally fixedly installed on the outer part of one side of the bottom end of the fixing disk (13). The top of the piston block one (20) is fixedly installed with the bottom end output of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder two (18). A liquid storage cylinder (19) is fixedly installed at the top of the conical crushing drill bit (16). The piston block one (20) is longitudinally slidably and sealingly installed inside the liquid storage cylinder (19). A conduction cover (21) is conductively installed at the bottom end of the liquid storage cylinder (19).

6. The advanced support equipment for complex floor roadways in underground coal mines according to claim 5, characterized in that: A plurality of the limit blocks (17) are provided with a limit cylinder (22) which is transversely penetrated inside, one end of the limit cylinder (22) is fixedly installed inside one side of the conduction cover (21), a resistance rod (23) is slidably installed inside the limit cylinder (22), a piston block 2 (24) is fixedly installed at one end of the resistance rod (23) close to the conduction cover (21), and a sliding seal is installed between the piston block 2 (24) and the inner wall of the conduction cover (21).

7. The advanced support equipment for complex floor roadways in underground coal mines according to claim 6, characterized in that: The expansion cleaning assembly comprises a plurality of expansion scrapers (25), wherein the plurality of expansion scrapers (25) are arranged around and in close contact with the outside of one side of the conical crushing drill bit (16) near the top end, and the ends of the abutment rods (23) away from the second piston block (24) are fixedly mounted on one side of the expansion scraper (25) on the corresponding side, and the outer surfaces of the plurality of expansion scrapers (25) are fixedly mounted with limiting teeth (26) at equal intervals.

8. A complex floor roadway advanced support device for coal mines underground according to claim 7, characterized in that: Two fixing columns (27) are symmetrically arranged between each two adjacent expansion scrapers (25), one side of the two fixing columns (27) is fixedly mounted on the outside of the expansion scraper (25) on the corresponding side, each fixing column (27) is provided with a second installation cavity (28) inside, a rotating rod (29) is rotatably mounted inside the second installation cavity (28), and a return torsion spring (30) is sleeved and fixedly mounted between the two ends of the rotating rod (29) and the inner wall of the corresponding side of the second installation cavity (28).

9. The advanced support equipment for complex floor roadways in underground coal mines according to claim 8, characterized in that: A connecting piece (32) is provided between every two adjacent fixing columns (27), and a limiting groove (31) is provided inside one side of each fixing column (27) close to the connecting piece (32), one end of the connecting piece (32) passes through the limiting groove (31) inside one of the fixing columns (27) and is wound around the outer surface of the fixing column (27) on the corresponding side, and the other end of the connecting piece (32) passes through the limiting groove (31) inside the other fixing column (27) and is wound around the outer surface of the fixing column (27) on the corresponding side.

10. A method for using an advanced support device for complex floor roadways in underground coal mines. According to an advanced support device for complex floor roadways in underground coal mines described in any one of claims 1-9, it is characterized in that, The steps include: S1: First, determine the installation position of the tunnel advance support equipment according to the actual situation and support requirements of the tunnel. After assembly, start supporting and using it. When in use, the operation of the self-moving component can be controlled to drive the entire tunnel advance support equipment to move and change positions in the tunnel. S2: The self-moving assembly is in operation, driving the tunnel advance support equipment to move itself, and the limit crushing mechanism can be activated to crush the stones on the uneven ground, while driving the conical crushing drill bit (16) to be inserted into the deeper hard bottom plate for stable support; S3: After the limited crushing mechanism crushes the stones on the uneven ground, the expansion and cleaning component can be operated to expand, clean and scrape the crushed stones at the bottom of the support seat (9) to keep the ground flat and unobstructed.

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