Advanced temporary support technology for blasting tunneling roadway

Abstract

The invention provides a blasting tunneling roadway advanced temporary support technology. The blasting tunneling roadway advanced temporary support technology comprises the following steps of S1, roadway evaluation; s2, obtaining a roadway section working condition; s3, a supporting system is assembled, all the modules are assembled at the position of a roadway entrance to form the supporting system, and the formed supporting system is propelled section by section in a worm wriggling mode to enter an advanced temporary supporting area; s4, support forming: starting a hydraulic module in the support system, adjusting a plurality of support modules in the support system according to the section data to form advanced temporary support, and then collecting and recording support data by a sensor module in the support system, a control module in the support system obtains support data and sends the support data to a related management system through a communication module; s5, supporting follow-up is conducted, and when advanced temporary supporting is needed again in the rear-section construction roadway and the current section does not need advanced temporary supporting and is converted into primary supporting or later supporting, the current supporting system is pushed forwards section by section in a worm wriggling mode to the rear-section construction roadway; and S6, construction ending.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of mine roadway construction, and particularly to a temporary advanced support technology for blasting and driving roadways. Background Art

[0002] During the construction of blasting and driving roadways, there may be potential safety hazards of roof floating stones caving in during the unprotected stage after roadway blasting.

[0003] For moderately stable or above ore and rock, bolt support or shotcrete support is usually adopted. For unstable ore and rock, bolt + cable bolt combined support or bolt + cable bolt + shotcrete combined support is usually adopted. For extremely unstable ore and rock, steel arch support or pipe shed support + shotcrete support method is usually adopted. The stability of ore and rock is not only related to the size of the exposed area, but more related to the length of the exposure time. The above support methods are all for the support of the exposed ore and rock, and lack advanced pre-support. At present, freezing method, grouting method and pre-lining method are often used as advanced support methods in tunnel excavation, but these methods have relatively complex construction procedures and high costs, and are mainly used for the support of tunnels with longer service life. For mines, the service time of some ore and rock roadways is relatively short, and there is not high requirement for the effective action time of support.

[0004] In addition, traditional drill-and-blast roadways also have problems such as slow adjustment of the construction layout of the support system and poor self-adaptability of support in complex geological environments. After the advanced support of the current roadway construction section is completed, when the subsequent construction roadway needs advanced support, new support tools need to be transported additionally for support, and at the same time, the support brackets of the previous construction section that no longer need advanced support need to be removed, resulting in a significant reduction in the speed of mine roadway driving and an extension of the construction period. Or it is necessary to lay additional tracks for the advanced temporary support system to travel, and laying mobile tracks in the area without support obviously has great potential safety hazards. Or a moving device such as a roller is set at the lower end of the support system. However, there are relatively large problems with the locking of such moving devices. At the same time, in order to set the roller, a chassis needs to be set below, which occupies a relatively large construction space and also results in a relatively high width limitation of the overall support system. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To solve the above problems, the present invention provides a temporary advanced support technology for blasting and driving roadways. The present invention is realized as follows:

[0006] A temporary advanced support technology for blasting and driving roadways includes the following steps:

[0007] S1. Roadway evaluation: After the roadway blasting is completed, evaluate the stability of the roadway to judge whether advanced temporary support is needed;

[0008] S2. Obtain the roadway section working conditions, collect and record various data of the roadway section that requires advanced temporary support, and record it as section data;

[0009] S3. Assemble the support system, assemble each module at the roadway entrance position to form a support system, and the formed support system advances into the area that requires advanced temporary support in a worm-like peristaltic manner in sections;

[0010] S4. Support forming, start the hydraulic module in the support system, adjust multiple support modules in the support system according to the section data to form advanced temporary support, then the sensor module in the support system collects and records support data, and the control module in the support system obtains the support data and sends it to the relevant management system through the communication module;

[0011] S5. Support follow-up, when the later-stage construction roadway requires advanced temporary support again and the current section no longer requires advanced temporary support and turns into initial support or later-stage support, the current support system advances forward in a worm-like peristaltic manner in sections to the later-stage construction roadway;

[0012] S6. Construction completion, repeat steps S4 and S5 until the mine roadway is permanently shaped or the mine roadway is exhausted, then remove the support system and clean the site.

[0013] As a further improvement, the support system includes:

[0014] Support modules, the support modules include a pair of support groups symmetrically arranged on both side wall surfaces in the roadway, and each support group includes at least three support single columns. Ball joint structures are provided on the opposite side surfaces of two adjacent support single columns in the same support group;

[0015] Hydraulic modules, the hydraulic modules include a support hydraulic group, the hydraulic cylinders of the support hydraulic group are fixedly arranged on the support single columns, and the piston rods of the support hydraulic group are coaxial with the support single columns where they are located; it also includes an adjustment hydraulic group, the adjustment hydraulic group is arranged between two support single columns, the hydraulic cylinder of the adjustment hydraulic group is fixedly arranged on the ball joint of the ball joint structure of one of the support single columns, and the piston rod of the adjustment hydraulic group is fixedly arranged on the ball joint of the ball joint structure of the other support single column;

[0016] Support modules, the support modules include a side wall support group arranged on the side of the support single column facing the roadway side wall surface and a roof support group arranged on the upper surface of the piston rod of the support hydraulic group;

[0017] Sensor modules, the sensor modules include pressure sensors respectively arranged in the side wall support group, the roof support group, the hydraulic module and the support single columns, and also include safety group sensors;

[0018] A control module, which is used to collect various monitoring data obtained by the sensor module and send them to the relevant management system. At the same time, the control module is used to receive the management signals sent by the relevant management system;

[0019] A display module, which is arranged on any one of the supporting single columns. The display module is used to display the data information sent by the control module to the relevant management system, and to display the management signals sent from the relevant management system.

[0020] As a further improvement, an orbital module is also included between the two support groups;

[0021] The orbital module includes a moving track in the same radial direction as the roadway;

[0022] The hydraulic module also includes several groups of lateral support units. The hydraulic cylinders of the lateral support units are slidably arranged on the moving track. The piston rods of the lateral support units extend horizontally towards the side wall of the roadway and are perpendicular to the axis of the moving track. The axes of the piston rods of each lateral support unit are coplanar with the axes of the two corresponding support single columns in the two support groups respectively;

[0023] The support hydraulic group includes a lifting hydraulic unit and a longitudinal support unit. The hydraulic cylinder of the lifting hydraulic unit is arranged inside the support single column, and the piston column of the lifting hydraulic unit extends out of the upper surface of the support single column; the hydraulic cylinder of the longitudinal support unit is fixedly arranged at one end of the piston rod of the lateral support unit close to the side wall of the channel, and the lower end of the longitudinal support unit is fixedly connected to the upper end of the piston column of the lifting hydraulic unit, and the roof support group is fixedly arranged at the upper end of the piston rod of the longitudinal support unit.

[0024] As a further improvement, the step-by-step advancement of the support system in S3 and S5 mainly includes the following steps:

[0025] A1. Obtain the width data of the channel along the way from the starting position to the target end position, and record the narrowest width data, the width data of the area to be supported, and the area where the width data is less than 105% of the distance between the two opposite surfaces of the two longitudinal support units connected when the piston rods of the two lateral support units at the same position contract to the limit, and record it as the secondary tunneling area;

[0026] A2. If there is a secondary tunneling area, when the support system advances step by step to the position of the secondary tunneling area, the secondary tunneling is carried out by the staff. If not, the support system advances step by step to the face;

[0027] A3. Adjust the width of the support system. Starting from the two support single columns near / away from the heading face, the longitudinal support units on these two single support columns unlock the retracted piston rods. Subsequently, the lifting hydraulic units of these two support single columns retract the piston rods, and the adjusting hydraulic group extends the piston rod to drive these two support single columns to lift off the ground. Then, the piston rods of the lateral support units on these two single support columns are adjusted to make the distance between the surfaces on the separated sides of the two longitudinal support units on these two single support columns be 90-95% of the narrowest width data. Subsequently, the lifting hydraulic units of these two support single columns extend the piston rods, and the adjusting hydraulic group retracts the piston rod to drive these two support single columns to support on the ground. Then, adjust them in sequence until the distance between the two support single columns near / away from the heading face meets the standard;

[0028] A4. Step by step support the single columns in a worm-like creeping form until reaching the new area to be supported;

[0029] A5. Secondarily adjust the width of the support system. According to the width data of the area to be supported, starting from the two support single columns near / away from the heading face, adjust the distance between each group of support single columns in sequence to ensure that the sidewall support group presses tightly against the sidewall surface of the roadway. After the adjustment is completed, the longitudinal support units on each of the support single columns extend the piston rods to ensure that the roof support group presses tightly against the roof of the roadway.

[0030] As a further improvement, the specific steps of A4 are as follows:

[0031] A401. Starting from the two support single columns near / away from the heading face, the lifting hydraulic units of these two support single columns retract the piston rods, and the adjusting hydraulic group extends the piston rod to drive these two support single columns to lift off the ground;

[0032] A402. The adjusting hydraulic group of these two support single columns retracts the piston rod to drive these two support single columns to move towards the heading face along the moving track;

[0033] A403. The lifting hydraulic units of these two support single columns extend the piston rods, and the adjusting hydraulic group continues to retract the piston rod to drive these two support single columns to support on the ground;

[0034] A404. The subsequent support single columns respectively repeat steps A401 to A403 to complete the current step;

[0035] A405. Repeat steps A401 to A404 until the support system reaches the new area to be supported.

[0036] As a further improvement, the specific steps of A4 are as follows:

[0037] A411. Starting from the position close to / away from the face and moving towards the direction away from / close to the face, group every two corresponding support unit groups and define and record them as Group 1, Group 2... Group N (N is a natural number);

[0038] A412. The lifting hydraulic units between Group 2 and Group 1, Group 3 contract the piston rods, and the adjusting hydraulic groups extend the piston rods to drive the two support single columns of Group 2 to lift off the ground. The adjusting hydraulic group between Group 1 and Group 2 extends the piston rod, and the adjusting hydraulic group between Group 2 and Group 3 contracts the piston rod, driving the two support single columns of Group 2 to move along the moving track towards the face;

[0039] A413. The lifting hydraulic unit of Group 2 extends the piston rod, and the adjusting hydraulic groups between Group 2 and Group 1, Group 3 respectively expand and contract adaptively to drive the two support single columns of Group 2 to support on the ground;

[0040] A414. The support single columns of Group 1 and Group 3 perform stepping in a corresponding manner;

[0041] A415. The subsequent support single columns respectively repeat steps A411 to A414 in sequence to complete the current stepping;

[0042] A415. Repeat steps A401 to A404 until the support system reaches the new area to be supported.

[0043] As a further improvement, at least two even-numbered intermediate transition groups are further provided between the two support groups. The structure of the intermediate transition group is the same as that of the support group, and the support single columns in the intermediate transition group respectively correspond one by one to the support single columns of the two support groups, and at least two even-numbered intermediate transition groups are mirror-symmetrical with the moving track as the axis of symmetry.

[0044] As a further improvement, each longitudinal support unit includes a main longitudinal unit and at least one sub-longitudinal unit, and the lateral support unit includes a main lateral unit and a sub-lateral unit;

[0045] The hydraulic cylinder of the main lateral unit is slidably arranged on the moving track. The piston rod of the main lateral unit extends horizontally towards the side wall of the roadway and is perpendicular to the axis of the moving track. The axes of the piston rods of each main lateral unit are respectively coplanar with the axes of the two corresponding support single columns in the two support groups;

[0046] The hydraulic cylinder of the sub-lateral unit is fixedly arranged at one end of the piston rod of the main lateral unit close to the side wall of the channel, or at one end of the piston rod of another sub-lateral unit close to the side wall of the channel. The piston rod of the sub-lateral unit is coaxial with the piston rod of the main lateral unit;

[0047] The hydraulic cylinder of the longitudinal support unit is fixedly arranged at one end of the piston rod of the main lateral support unit close to the side wall of the channel or one end of the piston rod of the sub-lateral unit close to the side wall of the channel, and the lower ends of several longitudinal support units are respectively fixedly connected to the upper ends of the piston columns of the lifting hydraulic units of the support group or the intermediate transition group.

[0048] As a further improvement, the stepping mode and stepping rhythm of the intermediate transition group are the same as those of the support group.

[0049] As a further improvement, the stepping mode and stepping rhythm of the intermediate transition group are the same as those of the support group.

[0050] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0051] 1. Provide an advanced temporary support technology for the drill and blast method. After the roadway is blasted, it can timely and effectively support the unprotected roof, preventing the phenomenon of floating stones from caving in. Ensure the safety of the construction environment and reduce the accident risk caused by caving in.

[0052] 2. Drive the overall support single columns and support modules to complete stepping in a worm-like creeping manner through the hydraulic system. Compared with the traditional advanced support system that requires disassembly and manual assembly, the construction period is shorter. At the same time, workers do not need to enter the area where the support has not been formed, and the safety is higher. Furthermore, by adjusting the hydraulic group through ball joint cooperation, the self-adaptability of the overall support system is stronger, and it is more suitable for tunneling methods such as the drill and blast method with significant deviations in tunnel diameter.

[0053] In addition, compared with the innovated advanced support system that can step, the advanced temporary support system provided by the present invention occupies less space in the low-level space, leaving enough space for workers to clean up the crushed stones and slag generated by the drill and blast method, accelerating the construction progress. Furthermore, the advanced temporary support system provided by the present invention has a simple structure, does not require an additional chassis for installing the moving device, and has stronger self-adaptability in width. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0054] Figure 1 It is a front view structural schematic diagram of the support system provided by the present invention.

[0055] Figure 2 It is a side view structural schematic diagram of the support system provided by the present invention.

[0056] Figure 3 For Figure 2 It is a state structural schematic diagram when the support single column in the middle area is lifted during displacement of the present invention from a certain perspective.

[0057] Figure 4 It is a top view structural schematic diagram of the support system provided by the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0058] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely represents the selected embodiments of the present invention.

[0059] In the description of the present invention, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features.

[0060] A temporary advanced support technology for blasting and driving roadways includes the following steps:

[0061] S1. Roadway assessment: After the roadway blasting is completed, assess the stability of the roadway to determine whether temporary advanced support is required.

[0062] S2. Obtain the roadway section working conditions: Collect and record various data of the roadway section that requires temporary advanced support, and record it as section data.

[0063] S3. Assemble the support system: Assemble each module at the roadway entrance to form a support system, and the formed support system advances into the area that requires temporary advanced support in a worm-like peristaltic manner section by section.

[0064] S4. Support formation: Start the hydraulic module in the support system, adjust multiple support modules in the support system according to the section data to form temporary advanced support, then collect and record support data by the sensor module in the support system, and obtain the support data by the control module in the support system and send it to the relevant management system through the communication module.

[0065] S5. Support follow-up: When it is necessary to provide temporary advanced support again in the rear-section construction roadway and the current section no longer requires temporary advanced support and is converted to initial support or late support, the current support system advances forward section by section in a worm-like peristaltic manner to the rear-section construction roadway.

[0066] S6. Construction completion: Repeat steps S4 and S5 until the mine roadway is permanently shaped or the mine roadway is exhausted, then remove the support system and clean up the site.

[0067] As a further improvement, the support system includes:

[0068] A support module, which includes a pair of support groups symmetrically arranged on the inner side wall surfaces of the roadway on the left and right. Each support group includes at least three support single columns. Ball joint structures are provided on the opposite side surfaces of two adjacent support single columns in the same support group.

[0069] A hydraulic module, which includes a support hydraulic group. The hydraulic cylinders of the support hydraulic group are fixedly arranged on the support single columns, and the piston rods of the support hydraulic group are coaxial with the support single columns where they are located. It also includes an adjustment hydraulic group, which is arranged between two support single columns. The hydraulic cylinder of the adjustment hydraulic group is fixedly arranged on the ball joint of the ball joint structure of one of the support single columns, and the piston rod of the adjustment hydraulic group is fixedly arranged on the ball joint of the ball joint structure of the other support single column.

[0070] A support module, which includes a side wall support group arranged on the side of the support single column facing the side wall of the roadway and a roof support group arranged on the upper surface of the piston rod of the support hydraulic group. Specifically, the side wall support group is a side hanging net guard plate, which is formed by welding angle steel with strong rigidity and a steel wire mesh. There is a spacing between two adjacent side wall support groups when the support system is in the final support state. If the spacing is too small, the whole support system will interfere with each other or even form self-locking during the imitation worm-like movement, resulting in the jamming of the overall structure. If the spacing is too large, it will not be able to effectively protect the support single columns, and it will also be difficult to ensure the support of the tunnel side walls. Therefore, the horizontal spacing between two adjacent side wall support groups when the support system is in the final support state is at least 25 - 50 cm. And the roof support group is a top hanging net guard plate formed by welding angle steel with strong rigidity and a steel wire mesh.

[0071] A sensor module, which includes pressure sensors respectively arranged in the side wall support group, the roof support group, the hydraulic module and the support single columns, and also includes a safety group sensor. Specifically, the safety group sensors are commonly used sensors in mine tunnels such as smoke sensors and vibration sensors, and the safety group sensors are arranged on the outer surface of the support single columns. The pressure sensors are used to detect the pressures at the positions of each side wall and the roof in the mine roadway, and at the same time detect the bearing pressure inside the support to ensure safe construction.

[0072] A control module, which is used to collect various monitoring data obtained by the sensor module and send them to the relevant management system. At the same time, the control module is used to receive the management signals sent by the relevant management system;

[0073] A display module is provided on any of the supporting single columns, and is used to display data information sent by the control module to a related management system, and to display management signals sent from the related management system.

[0074] As a further improvement, a track module is further included between the two support groups;

[0075] The track module includes a moving track in the same radial direction as the laneway;

[0076] The hydraulic module further comprises a plurality of groups of lateral support units, the hydraulic cylinders of the lateral support units are slidably arranged on the moving track, the piston rods of the lateral support units extend horizontally toward the side wall of the laneway and are perpendicular to the axis of the moving track, and the axis of the piston rod of each lateral support unit is coplanar with the axes of the two corresponding support monomer columns in the two groups of the support groups;

[0077] The supporting hydraulic group includes a lifting hydraulic unit and a longitudinal supporting unit, the hydraulic cylinder of the lifting hydraulic unit is arranged inside the supporting single column, and the piston column of the lifting hydraulic unit extends out of the upper end surface of the supporting single column; the hydraulic cylinder of the longitudinal supporting unit is fixedly arranged at one end of the piston rod of the lateral supporting unit close to the side wall of the channel, and the lower end of the longitudinal supporting unit is fixedly connected to the upper end of the piston column of the lifting hydraulic unit, and the top plate supporting group is fixedly arranged at the upper end of the piston rod of the longitudinal supporting unit.

[0078] Among them, the ball joint structure has three degrees of freedom of rotation, and with the extension and retraction adjustment of the hydraulic module, each supporting column is more mobile and has higher adaptability. At the same time, through the coordination of the adjustment hydraulic unit, lifting hydraulic unit, longitudinal support unit, and lateral support unit in the hydraulic module, the ball joint is locked when the hydraulic unit is not working, and there is no need to add additional pins or bolts to lock the ball joint structure, avoiding the limitation of the ball joint locking method on the shape of the ball joint, and also avoiding the structural instability caused by high degrees of freedom.

[0079] As a further improvement, the step-by-step advancement of the support system in S3 and S5 mainly includes the following steps:

[0080] A1. Obtain the width data of the channel along the way from the starting position to the target end position, and record the narrowest width data, the width data of the area to be supported, and the area whose width data is less than 105% of the distance between the two longitudinal support units connected by the two lateral support units located at the same position when the piston rod is retracted to the limit and the side surface, and record it as the secondary excavation area;

[0081] A2. If there is a secondary tunneling area, when the support system is gradually advanced to the position of the secondary tunneling area, secondary tunneling is carried out by the staff. If not, the support system is gradually advanced to the heading face.

[0082] A3. Adjust the width of the support system. Starting from the two support single columns close to / away from the heading face, the longitudinal support units on these two single support columns unlock the retracted piston rods. Subsequently, the lifting hydraulic units of these two support single columns retract the piston rods, the adjusting hydraulic group extends the piston rods, and then drives these two support single columns to lift off the ground. Then, the piston rods of the lateral support units on these two single support columns are adjusted so that the distance between the surfaces on the separated side of the two longitudinal support units on these two single support columns is 90 - 95% of the narrowest width data. Subsequently, the lifting hydraulic units of these two support single columns extend the piston rods, the adjusting hydraulic group retracts the piston rods, and then drives these two support single columns to support on the ground. Then, adjust them in sequence until the distance between the two support single columns away from / towards the heading face meets the standard.

[0083] A4. Step by step support the single columns in a form of worm peristalsis until reaching the new area to be supported.

[0084] A5. Secondary adjust the width of the support system. According to the width data of the area to be supported, starting from the two support single columns close to / away from the heading face, adjust the distance between each group of support single columns in sequence to ensure that the sidewall support group presses tightly against the sidewall surface of the roadway. After the adjustment is completed, the longitudinal support units on each support single column extend the piston rods to ensure that the roof support group presses tightly against the roof of the roadway.

[0085] As a further improvement, the specific steps of A4 are as follows:

[0086] A401. Starting from the two support single columns close to / away from the heading face, the lifting hydraulic units of these two support single columns retract the piston rods, the adjusting hydraulic group extends the piston rods, and then drives these two support single columns to lift off the ground.

[0087] A402. The adjusting hydraulic group of these two support single columns retracts the piston rods and drives these two support single columns to move towards the heading face along the moving track.

[0088] A403. The lifting hydraulic units of these two support single columns extend the piston rods, and the adjusting hydraulic group continues to retract the piston rods, and then drives these two support single columns to support on the ground.

[0089] A404. The subsequent support single columns respectively repeat steps A401 to A403 to complete the current step.

[0090] A405. Repeat steps A401 to A404 until the support system reaches the new area to be supported.

[0091] As a further improvement, the A4 specifically includes the following steps:

[0092] A411. Starting from near / far from the heading face and moving towards the direction far from / near the heading face, group every two corresponding support monomer groups, and define and record them as group 1, group 2... group N (N is a natural number);

[0093] A412. The lifting hydraulic units between group 2 and group 1, group 3 contract the piston rods, and the adjusting hydraulic groups extend the piston rods to drive the two support monomer columns of group 2 to lift off the ground. The adjusting hydraulic group between group 1 and group 2 extends the piston rod, and the adjusting hydraulic group between group 2 and group 3 contracts the piston rod, driving the two support monomer columns of group 2 to move along the moving track towards the heading face;

[0094] A413. The lifting hydraulic unit of group 2 extends the piston rod, and the adjusting hydraulic groups between group 2 and group 1, group 3 adaptively extend and contract respectively to drive the two support monomer columns of group 2 to support on the ground;

[0095] A414. The support monomer columns of group 1 and group 3 perform stepping in a corresponding manner;

[0096] A415. The subsequent support monomer columns respectively repeat steps A411 to A414 in sequence to complete the current stepping;

[0097] A415. Repeat steps A401 to A404 until the support system reaches the new area to be supported.

[0098] As a further improvement, at least two even-numbered intermediate transition groups are also provided between the two support groups. The structure of the intermediate transition group is the same as that of the support group, and the support monomer columns in the intermediate transition group respectively correspond one by one to the support monomer columns of the two support groups, and at least two even-numbered intermediate transition groups are mirror-symmetric with the moving track as the axis of symmetry.

[0099] As a further improvement, each longitudinal support unit includes a main longitudinal unit and at least one sub-longitudinal unit, and the lateral support unit includes a main lateral unit and a sub-lateral unit;

[0100] The hydraulic cylinder of the main lateral unit is slidably arranged on the moving track. The piston rod of the main lateral unit horizontally points out towards the side wall of the roadway and is perpendicular to the axis of the moving track. The axis of the piston rod of each main lateral unit is coplanar with the axes of the two corresponding support monomer columns in the two support groups;

[0101] The hydraulic cylinder of the sub-lateral unit is fixedly arranged at one end of the piston rod of the main-lateral unit close to the side wall of the channel, or one end of the piston rod of another sub-lateral unit close to the side wall of the channel. The piston rod of the sub-lateral unit and the piston rod of the main-lateral unit are coaxial.

[0102] The hydraulic cylinder of the longitudinal support unit is fixedly arranged at one end of the piston rod of the main-lateral support unit close to the side wall of the channel or one end of the piston rod of the sub-lateral unit close to the side wall of the channel. The lower ends of several longitudinal support units are respectively fixedly connected to the upper ends of the piston columns of the lifting hydraulic units of the support group or the intermediate transition group.

[0103] As a further improvement, the stepping mode and stepping rhythm of the intermediate transition group are the same as those of the support group.

[0104] As a further improvement, the stepping mode and stepping rhythm of the intermediate transition group are the same as those of the support group.

[0105] As a further improvement, since it is used for temporary advanced support in a blasting-driven roadway, in order to avoid the flying crushed stones during the blasting of the excavation face from injuring the structure of the support system, a baffle stone is detachably arranged at the front end of the side netting protection plate on the side close to the excavation face.

[0106] The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not used to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention can have various changes and modifications. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A temporary advanced support technology for blasting and driving roadways, characterized in that, Including the following steps: S1. Roadway assessment: After the roadway blasting is completed, assess the stability of the roadway to determine whether advance temporary support is required. S2. Obtain the roadway section working conditions: Collect and record various data of the roadway section that requires advance temporary support, and record it as section data. S3. Assemble the support system: Assemble each module at the roadway entrance to form a support system, and the formed support system advances into the area that requires advance temporary support in a peristaltic manner section by section. S4. Support forming: Start the hydraulic module in the support system, adjust multiple support modules in the support system according to the section data to form advance temporary support. Subsequently, the sensor module in the support system collects and records the support data, and the control module in the support system obtains the support data and sends it to the relevant management system through the communication module. S5. Support follow-up: When the rear-section construction roadway requires advance temporary support again and the current section no longer requires advance temporary support and turns to initial support or late support, the current support system advances forward section by section in a peristaltic manner to the rear-section construction roadway. S6. Construction completion: Repeat steps S4 and S5 until the mine roadway is permanently shaped or the mine roadway is exhausted, then remove the support system and clean the site.

2. The advanced temporary support technology for blasting-driven roadway according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support system includes: Support module: The support module includes a pair of support groups symmetrically arranged on both side wall surfaces of the roadway. Each support group includes at least three support single columns, and ball joint structures are provided on the opposite side surfaces of two adjacent support single columns in the same support group. Hydraulic module: The hydraulic module includes a support hydraulic group. The hydraulic cylinder of the support hydraulic group is fixedly arranged on the support single column, and the piston rod of the support hydraulic group is coaxial with the support single column where it is located. It also includes an adjustment hydraulic group. The adjustment hydraulic group is arranged between two support single columns. The hydraulic cylinder of the adjustment hydraulic group is fixedly arranged on the ball joint of the ball joint structure of one of the support single columns, and the piston rod of the adjustment hydraulic group is fixedly arranged on the ball joint of the ball joint structure of the other support single column. Support module: The support module includes a side wall support group arranged on the side surface of the support single column facing the roadway side wall and a roof support group arranged on the upper surface of the piston rod of the support hydraulic group. Sensor module: The sensor module includes pressure sensors respectively arranged in the side wall support group, the roof support group, the hydraulic module, and the support single column, and also includes a safety group sensor. Control module: The control module is used to collect various monitoring data obtained by the sensor module and send it to the relevant management system. At the same time, the control module is used to receive the management signal sent by the relevant management system. Display module: The display module is arranged on any one of the support single columns. The display module is used to display the data information sent by the control module to the relevant management system, and also display the management signal sent from the relevant management system.

3. The advanced temporary support technology for blasting and driving roadway according to claim 2, wherein There is also an orbit module between the two support groups; The orbit module includes a moving orbit in the same direction as the roadway radius; The hydraulic module further includes several groups of lateral support units. The hydraulic cylinders of the lateral support units are slidably arranged on the moving tracks. The piston rods of the lateral support units extend horizontally towards the side walls of the roadway and are perpendicular to the axis of the moving tracks. The axes of the piston rods of each lateral support unit are coplanar with the axes of two corresponding support single columns in two support groups respectively. The support hydraulic group includes a lifting hydraulic unit and a longitudinal support unit. The hydraulic cylinder of the lifting hydraulic unit is arranged inside the support single column, and the piston column of the lifting hydraulic unit extends out of the upper surface of the support single column. The hydraulic cylinder of the longitudinal support unit is fixedly arranged at one end of the piston rod of the lateral support unit close to the side wall of the passage, and the lower end of the longitudinal support unit is fixedly connected to the upper end of the piston column of the lifting hydraulic unit. The roof support group is fixedly arranged at the upper end of the piston rod of the longitudinal support unit.

4. The advanced temporary support technology for blasting and driving roadways according to claim 3, characterized in that, The step-by-step advancement of the support systems in S3 and S5 mainly includes the following steps: A1. Obtain the width data of the passage along the way from the starting position to the target end position, and record the narrowest width data, the width data of the area to be supported, and the area where the width data is less than 105% of the distance between the two surfaces on the separated side of the two longitudinal support units connected when the piston rods of the two lateral support units at the same position contract to the limit, and record it as the secondary tunneling area. A2. If there is a secondary tunneling area, when the support system advances step by step to the position of the secondary tunneling area, the staff will carry out secondary tunneling. If not, the support system will advance step by step to the heading face. A3. Adjust the width of the support system. Starting from the two support single columns closest to / away from the heading face, the longitudinal support units on these two single support columns unlock by contracting the piston rods. Then, the lifting hydraulic units on these two support single columns contract the piston rods, the adjustment hydraulic group extends the piston rod to drive these two support single columns to lift off the ground. Then, the piston rods of the lateral support units on these two single support columns are adjusted to make the distance between the two surfaces on the separated side of the two longitudinal support units on these two single support columns be 90-95% of the narrowest width data. Then, the lifting hydraulic units on these two support single columns extend the piston rods, the adjustment hydraulic group contracts the piston rod to drive these two support single columns to support on the ground. Then, adjust them in turn until the distance between the two support single columns closest to / away from the heading face reaches the standard. A4. Step by step support the single support columns in a form of worm peristalsis until reaching the new area to be supported. A5. Secondarily adjust the width of the support system. According to the width data of the area to be supported, starting from the two support single columns closest to / away from the heading face, adjust the distance between each group of support single columns in turn to ensure that the side wall support group presses tightly against the side wall surface of the roadway. After the adjustment is completed, the longitudinal support units on each support single column extend the piston rods to ensure that the roof support group presses tightly against the roof of the roadway.

5. The advanced temporary support technology for blasting and driving roadway according to claim 4, characterized in that, The specific steps of A4 include the following: Starting from two supporting single columns close to / away from the working face, the lifting hydraulic units of the two supporting single columns contract the piston rods, and the adjusting hydraulic groups extend the piston rods to drive the two supporting single columns to lift off the ground; The adjusting hydraulic groups of the two supporting single columns contract the piston rods to drive the two supporting single columns to move towards the working face along the moving track; The lifting hydraulic units of the two supporting single columns extend the piston rods, and the adjusting hydraulic groups continue to contract the piston rods to drive the two supporting single columns to support on the ground; The subsequent supporting single columns respectively repeat steps A401 to A403 in sequence to complete the current step; Repeat steps A401 to A404 until the support system reaches the new area to be supported.

6. The advanced temporary support technology for blasting and driving roadways according to claim 4, characterized in that The specific steps of A4 are as follows: A411. Starting from the supporting single columns close to / away from the working face and towards the direction away from / towards the working face, group every two corresponding supporting single column groups, and define and record them as group 1, group 2... group N (N is a natural number); A412. The lifting hydraulic units between group 2 and group 1, group 3 contract the piston rods, and the adjusting hydraulic groups extend the piston rods to drive the two supporting single columns of group 2 to lift off the ground. The adjusting hydraulic group between group 1 and group 2 extends the piston rod, and the adjusting hydraulic group between group 2 and group 3 contracts the piston rod to drive the two supporting single columns of group 2 to move towards the working face along the moving track; A413. The lifting hydraulic unit of group 2 extends the piston rod, and the adjusting hydraulic groups between group 2 and group 1, group 3 respectively adaptively expand and contract to drive the two supporting single columns of group 2 to support on the ground; A414. The supporting single columns of group 1 and group 3 perform steps in a corresponding manner; A415. The subsequent supporting single columns respectively repeat steps A411 to A414 in sequence to complete the current step; A415. Repeat steps A401 to A404 until the support system reaches the new area to be supported.

7. The advanced temporary support technology for blasting and driving roadway according to claim 4, characterized in that, There are at least two even-numbered intermediate transition groups provided between the two support groups. The structure of the intermediate transition groups is the same as that of the support groups, and the supporting single columns in the intermediate transition groups respectively correspond one by one to the supporting single columns of the two support groups, and at least two even-numbered intermediate transition groups are mirror-symmetric with the moving track as the axis of symmetry.

8. The advanced temporary support technology for blasting-driven roadway according to claim 7, wherein Each longitudinal support unit includes a main longitudinal unit and at least one sub-longitudinal unit, and the lateral support unit includes a main lateral unit and a sub-lateral unit; The hydraulic cylinder of the main lateral unit is slidably arranged on the moving track. The piston rod of the main lateral unit extends horizontally towards the side wall of the roadway and is perpendicular to the axis of the moving track. The axes of the piston rods of each main lateral unit are respectively coplanar with the axes of two corresponding supporting single columns in the two support groups; The hydraulic cylinder of the sub-lateral unit is fixedly arranged at one end of the piston rod of the main lateral unit close to the side wall of the channel, or at one end of the piston rod of another sub-lateral unit close to the side wall of the channel. The piston rod of the sub-lateral unit is coaxial with the piston rod of the main lateral unit; The hydraulic cylinder of the longitudinal support unit is fixedly arranged at one end of the piston rod of the main lateral support unit close to the side wall of the channel or one end of the piston rod of the sub-lateral unit close to the side wall of the channel, and the lower ends of a plurality of the longitudinal support units are respectively fixedly connected to the upper ends of the piston columns of the lifting hydraulic units of the support group or the intermediate transition group.

9. The advanced temporary support technology for blasting-driven roadway according to claim 5 or 8, characterized in that, The stepping mode and stepping rhythm of the intermediate transition group are the same as those of the support group.

10. The advanced temporary support technology for blasting and driving roadway according to claim 6 or 8, characterized in that The stepping mode and stepping rhythm of the intermediate transition group are the same as those of the support group.

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