Rotating speed self-adaptive variable pitch vertical shaft hydroelectric generation device for pipeline

Abstract

The invention discloses a rotating-speed-adaptive variable-pitch vertical-shaft hydroelectric generation device for a pipeline. The rotating-speed-adaptive variable-pitch vertical-shaft hydroelectric generation device comprises a generator, a transmission output shaft, a balance weight adjusting mechanism and an impeller mechanism. The generator is coaxially connected with a transmission output shaft; a counterweight adjusting mechanism and an impeller mechanism are arranged on the transmission output shaft; when the transmission output shaft rotates, the balance weight adjusting mechanism can generate adaptive centrifugal force along with rotation so as to control blades of the impeller mechanism to extend outwards and retract inwards in a self-adaptive mode, and therefore the rotating speed of the impeller mechanism can be automatically adjusted and controlled. After the scheme is adopted, the rotating speed of the impeller mechanism can be always maintained within the preset range, and therefore the problem that the rotating speed of an existing water turbine cannot be maintained within the rated rotating speed range of a generator is practically solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of hydroelectric power generation devices, and particularly to a rotation speed self-adaptive pitch vertical axis hydroelectric power generation device for pipelines. Background Art

[0002] With the development of technologies such as the Internet of Things and big data, the water supply industry has upgraded the supervision of water pipe networks and achieved remote centralized monitoring. The establishment of this supervision system relies on an intelligent water network. However, the power supply problem has become a challenge. In traditional water meters, battery or line power supply is usually used, and these two power supply methods have some problems. First, battery power supply requires regular battery replacement, which brings inconvenience to maintenance personnel; second, line power supply requires wiring of water meters, increasing engineering and maintenance costs. Therefore, to realize an intelligent water network, it is necessary to utilize the self-generated pipeline hydraulic resources for energy collection, that is, to realize pipeline power generation.

[0003] The pitch technology has significantly improved the efficiency of hydroturbine generators. In the field of hydroturbines, the pitch technology can also help hydroturbines adapt to different water flow conditions and improve power generation efficiency and stability. However, in pipeline power generation, there are more restrictions on hydroturbine power generation. Affected by the power generation amount and the installation space size, it is not suitable to use relatively complex control methods such as active control and gear mechanisms during pitching.

[0004] Disadvantages of the prior art: The control equipment is not suitable for application in a narrow space such as a pipeline due to site limitations. At the same time, the power generation amount of the pipeline is not large, and there is no extra power to rotate the motor for active control. Passive pitch control is a control without external energy. Existing hydroturbines rely on their own forces and changes in water flow velocity to pitch, and mostly use rod units to control, resulting in an increase in pitch uncertainty and a random change law of the pitch angle. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a rotation speed self-adaptive pitch vertical axis hydroelectric power generation device for pipelines to solve the problem that the rotation speed of existing hydroturbines cannot be maintained within the rated rotation speed range of the generator.

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a rotation speed adaptive pitch vertical axis hydraulic power generation device for pipelines, comprising a generator, a transmission output shaft, a counterweight adjustment mechanism, and an impeller mechanism; the power output shaft of the generator is coaxially connected to the transmission output shaft; in the direction away from the generator, the counterweight adjustment mechanism and the impeller mechanism are sequentially arranged on the transmission output shaft; the counterweight adjustment mechanism includes a positioning connecting piece, a slider, a movable connecting piece, a transmission connecting rod group, and a counterweight; the positioning connecting piece is fixedly connected to the transmission output shaft; the slider is sleeved on the transmission output shaft in a slidable manner; the movable connecting piece is sleeved outside the slider in a rotatable manner; the transmission connecting rod group is respectively rotatably connected to the positioning connecting piece and the movable connecting piece; the counterweight is arranged on the transmission connecting rod assembly, and when the transmission output shaft rotates, the counterweight is used to drive the deformation of the transmission connecting rod group so that the movable connecting piece moves towards the positioning connecting piece; the impeller mechanism includes a control shaft, a three-dimensional cam, and blades; one end of the control shaft is fixedly connected to the slider, and the other end of the control shaft is fixedly connected to the three-dimensional cam; the three-dimensional cam is sleeved on the transmission output shaft in a slidable manner, and in the direction extending outward along the transmission output shaft, the radial dimension of the three-dimensional cam decreases; multiple blades are arranged on the impeller mechanism in a manner that can extend outward and retract inward, and the impeller mechanism is used to push the multiple blades to elastically abut against the outer peripheral wall of the three-dimensional cam, and the movement of the three-dimensional cam is used to change the outward extending area of the multiple blades.

[0007] In one embodiment, the power output shaft of the generator is connected to a coupling, and the coupling is connected to the transmission output shaft.

[0008] In one embodiment, there are two groups of the transmission connecting rod groups, and the two groups of the transmission connecting rod groups are respectively arranged on the opposite sides of the positioning connecting piece and the movable connecting piece, and the two groups of the transmission connecting rod groups are respectively rotatably connected to the opposite sides of the positioning connecting piece and the movable connecting piece, and counterweights are arranged on both groups of the transmission connecting rod groups.

[0009] In one embodiment, the transmission connecting rod group includes a swing arm rod and a transmission rod; the counterweight is arranged on the swing arm rod, one end of the swing arm rod is rotatably connected to the positioning connecting piece, and the other end of the swing arm rod is rotatably connected to one end of the transmission rod; the other end of the transmission rod is rotatably connected to the movable connecting piece; when the movable connecting piece moves towards the positioning connecting piece, the rotation connection point of the swing arm rod and the transmission rod moves away from the transmission output shaft.

[0010] In one embodiment, a transfer connecting member is provided at one end of the rotational connection between the swing arm rod and the transmission rod, and the counterweight member is connected to the transfer connecting member.

[0011] In one embodiment, the counterweight member includes a counterweight rod and a counterweight ball connected to each other; one end of the counterweight rod is connected to the transfer connecting member, and the other end of the counterweight rod extends along the length direction of the swing arm rod and is connected to the counterweight ball.

[0012] In one embodiment, the three-dimensional cam includes a large circular end face, a small circular end face, and an outer peripheral wall surface; the large circular end face is disposed on one side of the three-dimensional cam adjacent to the generator, and the diameter of the large circular end face is larger than the diameter of the small circular end face; the small circular end face and the large circular end face are arranged relatively in a manner that their centers are offset from each other; the outer peripheral wall surface is smoothly and transitionally connected between the large circular end face and the small circular end face; a transmission shaft hole and a control shaft hole are provided on the three-dimensional cam; the transmission shaft hole passes through the large circular end face and the small circular end face, and a transmission output shaft is inserted into the transmission shaft hole; the control shaft hole is disposed on the large circular end face, and a control shaft is inserted into the control shaft hole.

[0013] In one embodiment, the small circular end face is disposed within the coverage range of the large circular end face, and the small circular end face and the large circular end face are arranged in an inscribed manner.

[0014] In one embodiment, the impeller mechanism further includes a turbine housing that surrounds the transmission output shaft, and the turbine housing is connected to the transmission output shaft to form a synchronous rotation structure. A plurality of blades are provided on the turbine housing, and the plurality of blades are arranged separately around the circumferential wall of the turbine housing.

[0015] In one embodiment, the turbine housing includes an inner housing wall and an outer housing wall; the inner housing wall surrounds the transmission output shaft, and a plurality of perforations separated from each other are provided on the inner housing wall; the outer housing wall surrounds the inner housing wall, and a plurality of movable through grooves separated from each other are provided on the outer housing wall; the plurality of blades are respectively installed in the plurality of movable through grooves in a manner that they can extend outwards and retract inwards, and the plurality of blades are all connected with limiting rods. The plurality of limiting rods respectively pass through the plurality of perforations and extend into the space surrounded by the inner housing wall. Springs are sleeved outside the plurality of limiting rods, and the plurality of springs are respectively compressed between the ends of the plurality of limiting rods and the inner wall surface of the inner housing wall. The plurality of springs are used to push the ends of the plurality of limiting rods to elastically abut against the outer peripheral wall of the three-dimensional cam.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0017] 1. The impeller mechanism of the present invention can adjust the output of each blade according to the difference in the force received by each blade in the pipeline. By designing different pitch-changing curves, different telescopic amounts of each blade are achieved, thereby enhancing the overall driving torque. Compared with the pitch-changing schemes of other patents, this scheme has higher controllability and versatility.

[0018] 2. Combining the pitch-changing method with the method of adjusting the diameter on the basis of pitch-changing, when facing the sudden increase in water flow velocity, the system can ensure the safety of the power generation device by means of blade contraction, and at the same time keep the rotational speed of the impeller mechanism near the rated rotational speed of the generator. This scheme takes into account improving the output efficiency, improving the power generation efficiency and the protection function at the same time.

[0019] 3. The "adaptive adjustment" action of the present invention does not involve electronic components such as sensors and drive motors. The overall device has a simple structure, a small volume, and requires little installation space, and is more suitable for occasions with narrow spaces such as urban underground water pipe networks, enabling the power generation device to work and generate electricity in occasions with a small incoming flow velocity such as water pipes. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, the drawings required for implementation will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0021] Figure 1 is the structural schematic diagram provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 is Figure 1 the structural schematic diagram of the counterweight adjustment mechanism;

[0023] Figure 3 is Figure 1 the structural schematic diagram of the impeller mechanism;

[0024] Figure 4 is Figure 3 the schematic diagram of the blade assembly principle;

[0025] Figure 5 is Figure 4 the three-dimensional cam structural schematic diagram;

[0026] Figure 6 is the schematic diagram of the working principle of the S-type water turbine.

[0027] The reference numerals are as follows:

[0028] 10. Generator; 11. Coupling;

[0029] 20. Transmission output shaft;

[0030] 30. Counterweight adjustment mechanism; 31. Positioning connecting piece; 32. Slide block; 33. Movable connecting piece; 34. Transmission connecting rod group; 341. Swing arm rod; 342. Transmission rod; 35. Counterweight; 351. Counterweight rod; 352. Counterweight ball; 36. Intermediate connecting piece;

[0031] 40. Impeller mechanism; 41. Control shaft; 42. Three-dimensional cam; 421. Large circular end face; 422. Small circular end face; 423. Outer peripheral wall surface; 424. Transmission shaft hole; 425. Control shaft hole; 43. Blade; 431. Limit rod; 432. Spring; 44. Turbine housing; 441. Inner housing wall; 4411. Perforation; 442. Outer housing wall; 4421. Movable through groove;

[0032] 50. Pipeline;

[0033] 61. S-type water turbine; (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6), S-type blades. Specific implementation mode

[0034] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0035] The present invention provides a rotation speed adaptive variable pitch vertical axis hydraulic power generation device for a pipeline, and its embodiment is as Figure 1 shown, including a generator 10, a transmission output shaft 20, a counterweight adjustment mechanism 30 and an impeller mechanism 40. When in application, the generator 10 and the counterweight adjustment mechanism 30 are generally installed outside the pipeline 50, and the transmission output shaft 20 penetrates into the pipeline 50 to realize the suspension installation of the impeller mechanism 40 inside the pipeline 50.

[0036] Regarding the generator 10, its function is to convert the power obtained by the impeller mechanism 40 from the water flow in the pipeline 50 into electrical energy. As Figure 1 shown, at this time, the power output shaft of the generator 10 is coaxially connected to the transmission output shaft 20. Specifically, to realize the coaxial connection between the two, in this embodiment, a coupling 11 is connected to the power output shaft of the generator 10, and the coupling 11 is connected to the transmission output shaft 20.

[0037] Therefore, once the transmission output shaft 20 obtains external power and rotates, it can drive the power output shaft of the generator 10 to rotate synchronously through the coupling 11, so as to achieve the purpose of the generator 10 obtaining kinetic energy for power generation.

[0038] Regarding the transmission output shaft 20, its main function is to realize power transmission and the installation and fixation of related components. As Figure 1As shown, in the direction away from the generator 10, a weight adjustment mechanism 30 and an impeller mechanism 40 are successively provided on the transmission output shaft 20 in this embodiment.

[0039] After adopting this setting method, the weight adjustment mechanism 30 can be arranged above the direction shown in the figure, and the impeller mechanism 40 can be arranged below the direction shown in the figure, so as to facilitate arranging the weight adjustment mechanism 30 and the impeller mechanism 40 outside and inside the pipeline 50 respectively, so as to realize the separate arrangement of the weight adjustment mechanism 30 and the impeller mechanism 40.

[0040] Regarding the weight adjustment mechanism 30, it belongs to one of the core mechanisms of the present invention. As Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, this embodiment sets the weight adjustment mechanism 30 to include a positioning connecting piece 31, a slider 32, a movable connecting piece 33, a transmission link group 34 and a weight piece 35.

[0041] For the positioning connecting piece 31, this embodiment sets the positioning connecting piece 31 to be sleeved outside the transmission output shaft 20, and uses a pin to pass through itself and the transmission output shaft 20, thereby realizing the connection and fixation of the positioning connecting piece 31 and the transmission output shaft 20.

[0042] For the slider 32, this embodiment sets the slider 32 to be sleeved on the transmission output shaft 20 in a slidable manner, so that the slider 32 can move and rotate on the transmission output shaft 20, and in Figure 2 the direction shown, the slider 32 will be arranged below the positioning connecting piece 31 at this time.

[0043] For the movable connecting piece 33, this embodiment sets the movable connecting piece 33 to be sleeved outside the slider 32 in a rotatable manner. Since the two ends of the slider 32 form flanges that turn outwards, the movable connecting piece 33 can not only rotate but also move synchronously with the slider 32 under the limiting action of the flanges at both ends of the slider 32.

[0044] For the transmission link group 34, this embodiment sets the transmission link group 34 to be formed by the mutual rotation connection of multiple rod bodies, and the transmission link group 34 is respectively rotationally connected to the positioning connecting piece 31 and the movable connecting piece 33. Specifically, in Figure 2 the direction shown, the transmission link group 34 of this embodiment is rotationally connected to the ear plate structure on the side of the positioning connecting piece 31 by its upper part, and is rotationally connected to the ear plate structure on the side of the movable connecting piece 33 by its lower part, so that the transmission link group 34 can deform following the movement of the movable connecting piece 33.

[0045] For the counterweight 35, in this embodiment, the counterweight 35 is provided on the transmission link group 34. When the transmission output shaft 20 rotates, the counterweight 35 is used to drive the transmission link group 34 to deform, so that the movable connecting member 33 moves towards the positioning connecting member 31.

[0046] Therefore, after adopting the above setting method, once the transmission output shaft 20 rotates, the counterweight 35 will move away from the transmission output shaft 20 due to the increased centrifugal force. The force generated by the movement of the counterweight 35 will cause the transmission link group 34 to deform, thereby achieving the purpose of automatically moving the movable connecting member 33 towards the positioning connecting member 31.

[0047] Among them, as Figure 2 shown, in this embodiment, the transmission link group 34 is provided in two groups. The two groups of transmission link groups 34 are respectively arranged on the opposite sides of the positioning connecting member 31 and the movable connecting member 33. The two groups of transmission link groups 34 are respectively rotatably connected to the opposite sides of the positioning connecting member 31 and the movable connecting member 33, and counterweights 35 are provided on both groups of transmission link groups 34.

[0048] After adopting this setting method, once the transmission output shaft 20 rotates, the two counterweights 35 can simultaneously exert forces on the two groups of transmission link groups 34, so that the two groups of transmission link groups 34 can deform simultaneously to drive the movable connecting member 33 to move towards the positioning connecting member 31, ensuring that the movement response of the movable connecting member 33 is faster and the movement process will be smoother.

[0049] In addition, as Figure 2 can be seen, to realize the deformable design of the transmission link group 34, in this embodiment, the transmission link group 34 is provided to include a swing arm rod 341 and a transmission rod 342.

[0050] For the swing arm rod 341, in this embodiment, a counterweight 35 is provided on the swing arm rod 341. One end of the swing arm rod 341 is rotatably connected to the positioning connecting member 31, and the other end of the swing arm rod 341 is rotatably connected to one end of the transmission rod 342.

[0051] For the transmission rod 342, in this embodiment, the other end of the transmission rod 342 is rotatably connected to the movable connecting member 33.

[0052] Among them, the above swing arm rod 341 and transmission rod 342 are both straight rod structures, and the rotational connections between the swing arm rod 341 and the positioning connecting member 31, between the swing arm rod 341 and the transmission rod 342, and between the transmission rod 342 and the movable connecting member 33 are all rotational connections formed by the cooperation of a rotating shaft and a shaft hole.

[0053] After adopting this setting method, once the transmission output shaft 20 rotates on its own axis, the centrifugal force generated by the counterweight 35 will drive the swing arm rod 341 to move upward. The upward movement of the swing arm rod 341 will drive the transmission rod 342 to move upward, and finally the transmission rod 342 will drive the movable connecting piece 33 and the slider 32 to move upward together, thereby achieving the purpose that the movable connecting piece 33 automatically moves in the direction of the positioning connecting piece 31.

[0054] Further, to realize the connection between the counterweight 35 and the swing arm rod 341, as Figure 2 shown, in this embodiment, one end of the swing arm rod 341 at the rotational connection with the transmission rod 342 is provided with a transfer connecting piece 36, and the counterweight 35 is connected to the transfer connecting piece 36.

[0055] It can be seen from the figure that a part of the transfer connecting piece 36 is sleeved outside the swing arm rod 341, and is connected and fixed to the swing arm rod 341 by structures such as pins and screws. The counterweight 35 only needs to be connected and fixed to the transfer connecting piece 36 to realize the installation of the counterweight 35 on the swing arm rod 341.

[0056] Regarding the connection and installation method of the counterweight 35, specifically as Figure 2 shown, in this embodiment, the counterweight 35 is provided with a counterweight rod 351 and a counterweight ball 352 which are connected to each other; one end of the counterweight rod 351 is inserted into the installation hole of the transfer connecting piece 36, so that one end of the counterweight rod 351 can be connected to the transfer connecting piece 36, and the other end of the counterweight rod 351 extends along the length direction of the swing arm rod 341 and is connected with the counterweight ball 352.

[0057] After the above various setting methods are cooperated with each other, once the transmission output shaft 20 rotates on its own axis, according to different rotation speeds, the centrifugal force generated by the counterweight ball 352 will also be different; for example, if the rotation speed of the transmission output shaft 20 is relatively slow, the centrifugal force generated by the counterweight ball 352 is also relatively small, then the deformation of the transmission connecting rod group 34 will be relatively small, so that only the movable connecting piece 33 can be driven to move upward by a small distance; if the rotation speed of the transmission output shaft 20 is relatively fast, the centrifugal force generated by the counterweight ball 352 is also relatively large, then the deformation of the transmission connecting rod group 34 will be relatively large, so that the movable connecting piece 33 can be driven to move upward by a large distance; obviously, this setting method can automatically adjust the moving distance of the movable connecting piece 33 according to the rotation speed of the transmission output shaft 20, thereby providing important help for the cooperative application of the counterweight adjustment mechanism 30 and the impeller mechanism 40.

[0058] Regarding the impeller mechanism 40, it belongs to another core mechanism of the present invention. By cooperating with the counterweight adjustment mechanism 30, pitch control with self-adaptive speed can be realized, specifically as Figure 1 、and Figures 3 to 5As shown, in this embodiment, the impeller mechanism 40 is provided to include a control shaft 41, a three-dimensional cam 42, and blades 43.

[0059] For the control shaft 41, in this embodiment, the control shaft 41 is provided as a cylindrical rod-shaped structure. One end of the control shaft 41 is inserted into the slider 32 to realize the connection and fixation between one end of the control shaft 41 and the slider 32. The other end of the control shaft 41 is inserted into the three-dimensional cam 42 to realize the connection and fixation between the other end of the control shaft 41 and the three-dimensional cam 42, so that the slider 32, the control shaft 41, and the three-dimensional cam 42 are connected into a structure that can move synchronously.

[0060] It should be noted that when the rotation speed adaptive pitch vertical axis hydraulic power generation device is installed and applied, the control shaft 41 is consistent with the transmission output shaft 20 and also needs to pass through the pipeline 50. Therefore, the corresponding hole positions on the pipeline 50 will limit the control shaft 41, ensuring that the control shaft 41 can only move back and forth along its axial direction and cannot perform circumferential movement when the transmission output shaft 20 rotates; since the slider 32, the control shaft 41, and the three-dimensional cam 42 are connected into a structure that can move synchronously at this time, none of the three will perform circumferential movement and can only follow the control shaft 41 to perform linear reciprocating motion along a preset path.

[0061] For the three-dimensional cam 42, in this embodiment, the three-dimensional cam 42 is sleeved on the transmission output shaft 20 in a slidable manner, and in the direction extending outward along the transmission output shaft 20, the radial dimension of the three-dimensional cam 42 decreases. For example, in Figure 5 the shown direction, the radial dimension of the upper part of the three-dimensional cam 42 is larger, and the radial dimension of the lower part is smaller.

[0062] For the blades 43, in this embodiment, multiple blades 43 are all arranged on the impeller mechanism 40 in a manner that can extend outward and retract inward. The impeller mechanism 40 is used to push the multiple blades 43 to elastically abut against the outer peripheral wall of the three-dimensional cam 42, so that the movement of the three-dimensional cam 42 can be used to change the outward extension area of the multiple blades 43.

[0063] Among them, the specific setting method of the above three-dimensional cam 42 is as Figure 5 shown. In this embodiment, the three-dimensional cam 42 is provided to include a large circular end face 421, a small circular end face 422, and an outer peripheral wall surface 423.

[0064] For the large circular end face 421, in Figure 1 and Figure 5 the shown direction, in this embodiment, the large circular end face 421 is placed on the top surface of the three-dimensional cam 42, so that the large circular end face 421 is placed on the side of the three-dimensional cam 42 adjacent to the generator 10, and the diameter of the large circular end face 421 is larger than the diameter of the small circular end face 422.

[0065] For the small circular end face 422, in this embodiment, the small circular end face 422 is arranged on the bottom surface of the three-dimensional cam 42. At this time, the small circular end face 422 and the large circular end face 421 are arranged relatively in a way that their centers are offset from each other. Specifically, at this time, the small circular end face 422 is placed within the coverage range of the large circular end face 421, and the small circular end face 422 and the large circular end face 421 are arranged in an inscribed manner.

[0066] For the outer peripheral wall surface 423, in this embodiment, the outer peripheral wall surface 423 is smoothly and transitionally connected between the large circular end face 421 and the small circular end face 422. Therefore, in the direction from the large circular end face 421 to the small circular end face 422, the outer peripheral wall surface 423 will present a smoothly continuous concave shape to ensure that when the three-dimensional cam 42 moves, the outer peripheral wall surface 423 of the three-dimensional cam 42 can always be elastically abutted against the blade 43.

[0067] In order to realize the installation and connection of the three-dimensional cam 42 with other components, such as Figure 5 As shown, in this embodiment, the three-dimensional cam 42 is provided with a transmission shaft hole 424 and a control shaft hole 425.

[0068] For the transmission shaft hole 424, in this embodiment, the transmission shaft hole 424 passes through the large circular end face 421 and the small circular end face 422 to completely penetrate the three-dimensional cam 42, and a transmission output shaft 20 is inserted into the transmission shaft hole 424, so that the three-dimensional cam 42 can slide on the transmission output shaft 20.

[0069] For the control shaft hole 425, in this embodiment, the control shaft hole 425 is arranged on the large circular end face 421. At this time, by inserting a control shaft 41 into the control shaft hole 425, the connection and fixation between the control shaft 41 and the three-dimensional cam 42 can be realized.

[0070] In addition, the setting method of the above-mentioned blade 43 is as shown in Figure 1 、 Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, in this embodiment, the impeller mechanism 40 further includes a turbine housing 44 that is generally cylindrical. The turbine housing 44 surrounds the transmission output shaft 20, and the turbine housing 44 is connected and fixed to the transmission output shaft 20 through its bottom, so that the turbine housing 44 and the transmission output shaft 20 are connected as a synchronous rotation structure, and a circular through hole is provided at the top of the turbine housing 44, so that a corresponding space is left in the upper part of the turbine housing 44 for the three-dimensional cam 42 to move up and down.

[0071] It should also be pointed out that at this time, a plurality of blades 43 are provided on the turbine housing 44, and the plurality of blades 43 are arranged separately around the peripheral wall of the turbine housing 44. In order to realize the outward extension and inward collection of the plurality of blades 43 on the turbine housing 44, as shown in Figure 3 andFigure 4 As shown, in this embodiment, the turbine housing 44 is provided to include an inner housing wall 441 and an outer housing wall 442.

[0072] For the inner housing wall 441, in this embodiment, the inner housing wall 441 is provided as a circular tubular shape so that the inner housing wall 441 can surround the transmission output shaft 20. Moreover, at this time, a plurality of perforations 4411 that are separated from each other are provided on the inner housing wall 441. The plurality of perforations 4411 are arranged on the same horizontal plane and are circumferentially arranged around the inner housing wall 441.

[0073] For the outer housing wall 442, in this embodiment, the outer housing wall 442 is provided as a circular tubular shape larger than the inner housing wall 441 so that the outer housing wall 442 can surround the inner housing wall 441. At this time, a plurality of movable through slots 4421 that are separated from each other are provided on the outer housing wall 442. The plurality of movable through slots 4421 are not only circumferentially arranged around the outer housing wall 442, but also extend in a top-down manner.

[0074] After setting the above-mentioned perforations 4411 and movable through slots 4421, in this embodiment, multiple blades 43 can be respectively installed in the multiple movable through slots 4421 in a manner that can protrude outwards and be collected inwards. At this time, multiple blades 43 are further provided with limiting rods 431 connected thereto. The multiple limiting rods 431 respectively pass through the multiple perforations 4411 and extend into the space surrounded by the inner housing wall 441. Springs 432 are sleeved outside the multiple limiting rods 431. By setting the multiple springs 432 to be respectively compressed between the ends of the multiple limiting rods 431 and the inner wall surface of the inner housing wall 441, the multiple springs 432 can be used to elastically abut the ends of the multiple limiting rods 431 against the outer peripheral wall of the three-dimensional cam 42, thereby achieving the purpose of elastically abutting the multiple blades 43 against the three-dimensional cam 42.

[0075] Therefore, after adopting this setting method, once the water flow flushes the blades 43, the blades 43 can convert the external force received into the synchronous rotation of the turbine housing 44 and the transmission output shaft 20; since the transmission output shaft 20 is connected to the power output shaft of the generator 10 by the coupling 11 at this time, the external force of the water flow flushing will ultimately drive the power output shaft of the generator 10 to rotate self - adaptively, so that the generator 10 can obtain kinetic energy for power generation.

[0076] Since the positioning connecting member 31 is fixedly connected to the transmission output shaft 20, and the transmission link group 34, the movable connecting member 33, the counterweight member 35, etc. are also connected to the positioning connecting member 31 in an interrelated connection relationship, once the transmission output shaft 20 rotates self - adaptively, the transmission output shaft 20 will drive components such as the positioning connecting member 31, the transmission link group 34, the movable connecting member 33, and the counterweight member 35 to rotate together, so that the counterweight member 35 can generate centrifugal force due to circumferential rotation to meet the requirements of subsequent adaptive adjustment.

[0077] At this time, the control shaft 41 cannot rotate circumferentially because it is inserted through the pipeline 50. Therefore, the slider 32 and the three-dimensional cam 42 fixedly connected to the control shaft 41 also cannot rotate circumferentially, so that the three-dimensional cam 42 can only move up and down under the action of the force generated by the counterweight 35.

[0078] Specifically, from Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 4 it can be seen that when the impeller mechanism 40 does not rotate under the action of an external force, the three-dimensional cam 42 will automatically sink to the lowest position. Therefore, at this time, the multiple blades 43 will elastically abut against the widest part of the upper part of the three-dimensional cam 42 with their hemispherical ends, so that the multiple blades 43 are in the state with the largest total extended area; once the water flow scours the blades 43, the impeller mechanism 40 will start to rotate under force, and the counterweight ball 352 will move away from the outside of the transmission output shaft 20 due to the gradually increasing centrifugal force, thereby driving the swing arm rod 341 and the transmission rod 342 to gradually approach, and driving the movable connecting piece 33, the slider 32, the control shaft 41, and the three-dimensional cam 42 to move up together. Under the action of the spring 432 that always pushes the blade 43 towards the three-dimensional cam 42, finally the blade 43 changes from abutting against the wider part of the upper part of the three-dimensional cam 42 to abutting against the narrower part of the lower part of the three-dimensional cam 42. During this process, the total extended area of the multiple blades 43 will decrease, and the rotation speed of the impeller mechanism 40 will necessarily automatically decrease, thereby avoiding the phenomenon of too fast rotation speed of the impeller mechanism 40.

[0079] Similarly, if the water flow speed slows down, the scouring force of the water flow on the blades 43 will decrease, the rotation speed of the impeller mechanism 40 will decrease, and the counterweight ball 352 will move towards the outside of the transmission output shaft 20 due to the gradually decreasing centrifugal force, thereby driving the swing arm rod 341 and the transmission rod 342 to gradually move away, and driving the movable connecting piece 33, the slider 32, the control shaft 41, and the three-dimensional cam 42 to move down together. Under the action of the spring 432 that always pushes the blade 43 towards the three-dimensional cam 42, finally the blade 43 changes from abutting against the narrower part of the lower part of the three-dimensional cam 42 to abutting against the wider part of the upper part of the three-dimensional cam 42. During this process, the total extended area of the multiple blades 43 will increase, and the rotation speed of the impeller mechanism 40 will necessarily automatically increase, thereby avoiding the phenomenon of too slow rotation speed of the impeller mechanism 40.

[0080] Obviously, after applying the above setting method, the impeller mechanism 40 will make adaptive adjustments according to the water flow situation, and no active control is required during the whole process, ensuring that the rotation speed of the impeller mechanism 40 is always maintained within a preset controllable range, and effectively solving the problem that the rotation speed of the existing water turbine cannot be maintained within the rated rotation speed range of the generator.

[0081] It should also be noted that since the three-dimensional cam 42 in this embodiment adopts the above-mentioned special shape design, when all the vanes 43 abut against the three-dimensional cam 42 with their ends, the depths to which the respective springs 432 push the vanes 43 inward will be different.

[0082] For example, taking Figure 4 as an example, at this time, the leftmost side of the three-dimensional cam 42 has a shape that maintains the same upper and lower dimensions, while the rightmost side has a shape that is wider at the top and narrower at the bottom. Therefore, the radial distance between the end of the left vane 43 and the transmission output shaft 20 is obviously smaller than the radial distance between the end of the right vane 43 and the transmission output shaft 20.

[0083] Therefore, at this time, the area where the left vane 43 extends outward will be smaller than the area where the right vane 43 extends outward. By analogy, it can be known that among the multiple vanes 43, the extension area of the vanes 43 close to the left side of the three-dimensional cam 42 will be smaller than the extension area of the vanes 43 close to the right side of the three-dimensional cam 42. Moreover, the closer to the leftmost side of the three-dimensional cam 42, the smaller the extension area of the vane 43, and the closer to the rightmost side of the three-dimensional cam 42, the larger the extension area of the vane 43.

[0084] The purpose of adopting the above setting method for the three-dimensional cam 42 in this embodiment is to increase the total torque. As Figure 6 shown, this figure is a schematic diagram of the force analysis of the existing S-type water turbine 61. When water flows through the S-type water turbine 61, due to the different shapes of the upstream-facing surfaces of the S-type vanes 62, F1 > F2, generating a torque that drives the S-type water turbine 61 to rotate counterclockwise.

[0085] If it is desired to increase the total torque, then F2 needs to be reduced. It is necessary to reduce the upstream-facing area of the S-type vanes (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6) to achieve the reduction of the negative torque, so as to achieve the purpose of increasing the total torque. Therefore, during the rotation of the S-type water turbine 61, it is necessary to design the three upper S-type vanes (3, 4, 5) to contract and reduce the convex upstream-facing area, and the three lower S-type vanes (1, 2, 6) to extend and increase the concave upstream-facing area.

[0086] Obviously, after the three-dimensional cam 42 in this embodiment adopts the above design method, the extension area of the vanes 43 on one side is smaller and the extension area of the vanes 43 on the other side is larger, which can meet the above design requirements, thus achieving the design purpose of increasing the total torque.

[0087] The above is the preferred implementation manner of the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and refinements can still be made, and these improvements and refinements are also regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rotation speed self - adapting variable pitch vertical - axis hydraulic power generation device for pipelines, characterized in that, it includes a generator, a transmission output shaft, a counterweight adjustment mechanism, and an impeller mechanism; The power output shaft of the generator is coaxially connected to the transmission output shaft; In the direction away from the generator, the counterweight adjustment mechanism and the impeller mechanism are successively arranged on the transmission output shaft; The counterweight adjustment mechanism includes a positioning connector, a slider, a movable connector, a transmission link group, and a counterweight; the positioning connector is fixedly connected to the transmission output shaft; the slider is sleeved on the transmission output shaft in a slidable manner; the movable connector is sleeved outside the slider in a rotatable manner; the transmission link group is respectively rotatably connected to the positioning connector and the movable connector; the counterweight is arranged on the transmission link assembly. When the transmission output shaft rotates, the counterweight is used to drive the deformation of the transmission link group so that the movable connector moves towards the positioning connector; The impeller mechanism includes a control shaft, a three - dimensional cam, and blades; one end of the control shaft is fixedly connected to the slider, and the other end of the control shaft is fixedly connected to the three - dimensional cam; the three - dimensional cam is sleeved on the transmission output shaft in a slidable manner, and in the direction extending outward along the transmission output shaft, the radial dimension of the three - dimensional cam decreases; multiple blades are all arranged on the impeller mechanism in a manner that can extend outward and retract inward. The impeller mechanism is used to push multiple blades to elastically abut against the outer peripheral wall of the three - dimensional cam, and the movement of the three - dimensional cam is used to change the outward - extending area of multiple blades.

2. The rotation speed self - adapting variable pitch vertical - axis hydraulic power generation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A coupling is connected to the power output shaft of the generator, and the coupling is connected to the transmission output shaft.

3. The rotation speed self - adapting variable pitch vertical - axis hydraulic power generation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, There are two groups of the transmission link groups. The two groups of transmission link groups are respectively arranged on the opposite sides of the positioning connector and the movable connector. The two groups of transmission link groups are respectively rotatably connected to the opposite sides of the positioning connector and the movable connector, and counterweights are arranged on both groups of transmission link groups.

4. The rotation speed self - adapting variable pitch vertical - axis hydraulic power generation device according to any one of claims 1 or 3, characterized in that, The transmission link group includes a swing arm rod and a transmission rod; The counterweight is arranged on the swing arm rod. One end of the swing arm rod is rotatably connected to the positioning connector, and the other end of the swing arm rod is rotatably connected to one end of the transmission rod; The other end of the transmission rod is rotatably connected to the movable connector; When the movable connector moves towards the positioning connector, the rotation connection point of the swing arm rod and the transmission rod moves away from the transmission output shaft.

5. The rotation speed self - adapting variable pitch vertical - axis hydraulic power generation device according to claim 4, characterized in that, One end of the rotating connection between the swing arm rod and the transmission rod is provided with a transfer connecting piece, and the counterweight piece is connected to the transfer connecting piece.

6. The variable-pitch vertical-axis hydraulic power generation device with self-adaptive speed according to claim 5, wherein the counterweight piece includes a counterweight rod and a counterweight ball which are connected to each other; one end of the counterweight rod is connected to the transfer connecting piece, and the other end of the counterweight rod extends along the length direction of the swing arm rod and is connected with the counterweight ball.

7. The variable-pitch vertical-axis hydraulic power generation device with self-adaptive speed according to claim 1, wherein the three-dimensional cam includes a large circular end face, a small circular end face and an outer peripheral wall surface; the large circular end face is arranged on the side of the three-dimensional cam adjacent to the generator, and the diameter of the large circular end face is larger than that of the small circular end face; the small circular end face and the large circular end face are arranged relatively in a way that their centers are offset from each other; the outer peripheral wall surface is smoothly and transitionally connected between the large circular end face and the small circular end face; a transmission shaft hole and a control shaft hole are provided on the three-dimensional cam; the transmission shaft hole penetrates through the large circular end face and the small circular end face, and the transmission output shaft is inserted into the transmission shaft hole; the control shaft hole is arranged on the large circular end face, and the control shaft is inserted into the control shaft hole.

8. The variable-pitch vertical-axis hydraulic power generation device with self-adaptive speed according to claim 7, wherein the small circular end face is arranged within the coverage range of the large circular end face, and the small circular end face and the large circular end face are arranged in an inscribed manner.

9. The variable-pitch vertical-axis hydraulic power generation device with self-adaptive speed according to claim 1, wherein the impeller mechanism further includes a turbine housing which surrounds the transmission output shaft, the turbine housing is connected to the transmission output shaft to form a synchronous rotation structure, and a plurality of blades are provided on the turbine housing, and the plurality of blades are arranged separately around the peripheral wall of the turbine housing.

10. The variable-pitch vertical-axis hydraulic power generation device with self-adaptive speed according to claim 9, wherein the turbine housing includes an inner housing wall and an outer housing wall; the inner housing wall surrounds the transmission output shaft, and a plurality of perforations which are arranged separately are provided on the inner housing wall; the outer housing wall surrounds the inner housing wall, and a plurality of movable through grooves which are arranged separately are provided on the outer housing wall; the plurality of blades are respectively installed in the plurality of movable through grooves in a manner that they can protrude outwards and retract inwards, the plurality of blades are all connected with limiting rods, the plurality of limiting rods respectively pass through the plurality of perforations and extend into the space surrounded by the inner housing wall, springs are sleeved on the plurality of limiting rods, and the plurality of springs are respectively compressed between the ends of the plurality of limiting rods and the inner wall surface of the inner housing wall, and the plurality of springs are used to push the ends of the plurality of limiting rods to elastically abut against the outer peripheral wall of the three-dimensional cam.

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