A high-voltage insulator leakage current online monitoring system and method

Abstract

The present invention discloses an online monitoring system and method for leakage current of a high-voltage insulator, which relates to image optimization technology and is used to improve leakage caused by pseudo-resistance of cooling dirt after the high-voltage insulator is damaged by force. The system comprises the following steps: obtaining the position of each part of the voltage insulator and the breakdown current, measuring the toughness of each part of the voltage insulator, and analyzing the external force bearing range of each part of the voltage insulator; collecting vibration data and sound data of the voltage insulator to determine the force distribution of the voltage insulator; matching and calibrating the force distribution of the voltage insulator with the partial position and then marking it, calculating the damage amount of the marked position, and obtaining the material dielectric strength of all parts of the voltage insulator in the marked position; selecting different processing methods according to the number of parts of the voltage insulator in the marked position to process the material dielectric strength to obtain a marked characteristic value, and comprehensively determining whether to perform leakage detection on the voltage insulator based on the damage amount of the marked position and the marked characteristic value.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of leakage detection, and more particularly to an online monitoring system and method for leakage current of a high-voltage insulator. Background Art

[0002] Leakage detection technology is used to identify leakage in electrical equipment or lines. It is applied to high-voltage insulator online monitoring systems. It can detect leakage on the surface of high-voltage insulators in real time and issue alarms, reducing leakage risks.

[0003] The existing technology has the following deficiencies:

[0004] Traditional high-voltage insulators rely on insulation resistance testing instruments to measure the resistance value of the insulator to determine whether its insulation performance meets the standards. However, when there is cooling dirt on the cracks on the surface of the insulator, the resistance value will also increase. When power is turned on, the cooling dirt in the cracks is prone to melting, causing the resistance to drop rapidly. When the surface of the high-voltage insulator is damaged by external physical force, leakage is likely to occur. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to overcome the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, an embodiment of the present invention provides an online monitoring system and method for leakage current of a high-voltage insulator. By analyzing the external force bearing range of each part of the high-voltage insulator, combining the force distribution and property strength of the high-voltage insulator, the damage amount of each part is analyzed and it is determined whether leakage detection is performed to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] A method for online monitoring of leakage current of a high-voltage insulator comprises the following steps:

[0008] Step S1: Calling the device file of the voltage insulator to obtain the position of each part of the voltage insulator and the breakdown current, measuring the toughness of each part of the voltage insulator, and analyzing the external force bearing range of each part of the voltage insulator based on the breakdown current and part toughness;

[0009] Step S2: obtaining vibration data and sound data of the voltage insulator through a vibration sensor and a sound sensor respectively, and determining the force distribution of the voltage insulator by integrating the vibration data and the sound data;

[0010] Step S3: matching and calibrating the force distribution of the voltage insulator with the partial position and marking it, calculating the damage amount of the marked position based on the force distribution and external force bearing range of the marked position, and obtaining the material dielectric strength of all parts of the voltage insulator within the marked position;

[0011] Step S4: Select different processing methods according to the number of voltage insulator parts within the marked position to process the dielectric strength of the material to obtain the marked characteristic value, and comprehensively consider the damage amount of the marked position and the marked characteristic value to determine whether to perform leakage detection on the voltage insulator.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, in step S1, the position data and breakdown current of each part of the voltage insulator are obtained through the equipment file of the voltage insulator, and the position data includes the precise three-dimensional spatial coordinates of each functional component of the voltage insulator; the breakdown current is the minimum current value when irreversible breakdown occurs on the surface or inside of the insulator.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, in step S1, if the external force applied to each part of the voltage insulator exceeds a preset deviation of the ultimate toughness and the current is lower than the breakdown current, it is determined to be in a safe range for external force; if the external force applied to each part of the voltage insulator exceeds the ultimate toughness or exceeds the breakdown current, it is determined to be in a failure range for external force; otherwise, it is determined to be in a warning range for external force;

[0014] The ultimate toughness is the maximum external force that the corresponding part of the voltage insulator can withstand when cracks appear.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment, in step S2, the vibration data and the sound data are respectively the extracted vibration signal features and the sound emission features collected by the vibration sensor and the sound sensor, where the vibration signal features and the sound emission features are respectively the vibration amplitude and the sound wave intensity; after the vibration signal features and the sound emission features are standardized, the comprehensive force value of each position of the voltage insulator is calculated by the geometric mean method, and the calculation formula is: , where D is the result of normalization of the vibration signal characteristic value, and E is the result of normalization of the sound emission characteristic.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment, in step S3, the three-dimensional coordinates of each part of the insulator are retrieved, and the corresponding relationship between the name of each part of the voltage insulator and the three-dimensional space coordinates is established; by calculating the radial distance from the force distribution data coordinate to the central axis , where x and y are the horizontal and vertical coordinate values ​​of the force distribution data, and r is the distance from the coordinate point to the central axis;

[0017] The force distribution of the high-voltage insulator is obtained by drawing a circle based on r, the preset positions of various parts of the electronic insulator are calibrated, and the parts of the voltage insulator located within the force distribution are marked.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment, in step S3, the damage amount is an indicator value reflecting the degree of damage to the marked position caused by the external force. When the comprehensive force value is less than the upper limit of the safety interval, the damage amount is set to 0;

[0019] When the comprehensive stress value is within the warning range, the damage amount is calculated using the damage amount calculation formula: , where the upper limit of the safety interval is the preset deviation of the force value of each part of the insulator not exceeding its ultimate toughness; when the force value exceeds the failure interval, the damage amount is set to 1.

[0020] In a preferred embodiment, in step S3, the dielectric strength of the material corresponding to the marked position is obtained, and the breakdown voltage of the portion marked as the warning interval or the failure interval is recorded. The dielectric strength is the ratio of the breakdown voltage of the portion to the thickness of the material at the portion.

[0021] After the force distribution of the voltage insulator is matched and calibrated with the part position and marked, the force distribution and external force bearing range of the marked position are used to calculate the damage amount of the marked position, and the material dielectric strength of all parts of the voltage insulator within the marked position is obtained.

[0022] In a preferred embodiment, in step S4, if the marked position is a single part of the voltage insulator, the measured value of the dielectric strength of the material at that part is used as the marked characteristic value, and the marked characteristic value is equal to the dielectric strength; if the marked position includes multiple parts of the voltage insulator, the weighted average method is used to generate the marked characteristic value, and the calculation formula is: , where S is the marker eigenvalue, is the dielectric strength of the ith location, is the force correction coefficient;

[0023] The force correction coefficient reflects the impact of force on insulation performance, and different force correction coefficients are set according to the force range.

[0024] In a preferred embodiment, in step S4, whether leakage monitoring is to be performed is comprehensively analyzed based on the damage amount at the marked position and the marked characteristic value:

[0025] When the damage range of the marked position exceeds the preset damage threshold, it is divided into a high damage area; otherwise, it is divided into a low damage area;

[0026] When the range of the marked characteristic value passes the preset insulation threshold, it is divided into a high insulation area; otherwise, it is divided into a low insulation area;

[0027] When the damage amount at the marked position is in the low damage area and the marked characteristic value is in the high insulation area, leakage detection is not performed; when the damage amount at the marked position is in the high damage area or the marked characteristic value is in the low insulation area, leakage detection is performed.

[0028] A high-voltage insulator leakage current online monitoring system, used to implement the above-mentioned high-voltage insulator leakage current online monitoring method, including a data acquisition module, a force distribution module, a performance evaluation module, and a leakage detection module;

[0029] The data acquisition module is used to retrieve the three-dimensional coordinates, dielectric strength, and breakdown current of the voltage insulator from the equipment files; collect signal data from the vibration sensor and sound sensor; detect and analyze the toughness of each part, and transmit it to the subsequent modules for normal operation of the system;

[0030] The force distribution module analyzes the external force tolerance range of each part based on the breakdown current and the toughness of each part. It generates a comprehensive force value by analyzing the signal data, obtains the force distribution of the voltage insulator, and transmits the force distribution and the external force tolerance range of each part to the performance evaluation module.

[0031] The performance evaluation module calibrates and matches the marked position based on the force distribution and the three-dimensional coordinates of the voltage insulator. It then analyzes the damage amount at the marked position based on the external force bearing interval of each part and transmits the result to the leakage detection module.

[0032] The leakage detection module combines the dielectric strength to generate the mark characteristic value of the mark position and the damage amount to comprehensively analyze whether leakage detection should be performed.

[0033] The technical effects and advantages of the online monitoring system and method for high-voltage insulator leakage current of the present invention are as follows:

[0034] The present invention obtains the position and breakdown current of each part of the voltage insulator, measures the toughness of each part of the voltage insulator, and analyzes the external force bearing range of each part of the voltage insulator based on the breakdown current and the part toughness; collects vibration data and sound data of the voltage insulator, and determines the force distribution of the voltage insulator based on the vibration data and the sound data; matches and calibrates the force distribution of the voltage insulator with the part position and marks it, calculates the damage amount of the marked position according to the force distribution and external force bearing range of the marked position, performs force analysis on each part respectively, reduces the material analysis error of crack generation caused by material differences in different parts, and obtains the material dielectric strength of all parts of the voltage insulator in the marked position; selects different processing methods according to the number of parts of the voltage insulator in the marked position to process the material dielectric strength to obtain the marked characteristic value, and determines whether to perform leakage detection on the voltage insulator based on the damage amount of the marked position and the marked characteristic value, thereby realizing accurate detection and graded early warning of leakage current of high-voltage insulator, improving detection efficiency and reliability, and reducing operation and maintenance costs and safety risks. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 The figure is a schematic diagram of an online monitoring method for leakage current of a high-voltage insulator according to the present invention.

[0036] Figure 2 This is a flow chart of an online monitoring system for leakage current of high-voltage insulators according to the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] The present invention obtains the position and breakdown current of each part of the voltage insulator, measures the toughness of each part of the voltage insulator, and analyzes the external force bearing range of each part of the voltage insulator based on the breakdown current and the part toughness; collects vibration data and sound data of the voltage insulator, and determines the force distribution of the voltage insulator based on the vibration data and the sound data; matches and calibrates the force distribution of the voltage insulator with the partial position and then marks it, calculates the damage amount of the marked position based on the force distribution and external force bearing range of the marked position, and obtains the material dielectric strength of all parts of the voltage insulator in the marked position; selects different processing methods according to the number of parts of the voltage insulator in the marked position to process the material dielectric strength to obtain a marked characteristic value, and determines whether to perform leakage detection on the voltage insulator based on the damage amount of the marked position and the marked characteristic value, thereby realizing accurate detection and graded early warning of leakage current of high-voltage insulators, improving detection efficiency and reliability, and reducing operation and maintenance costs and safety risks.

[0039] Example 1, a method for online monitoring of leakage current of a high voltage insulator, such as Figure 1 As shown, the following steps are included:

[0040] Step S1: Calling the device file of the voltage insulator to obtain the position of each part of the voltage insulator and the breakdown current, measuring the toughness of each part of the voltage insulator, and analyzing the external force bearing range of each part of the voltage insulator based on the breakdown current and part toughness;

[0041] Step S2: obtaining vibration data and sound data of the voltage insulator through a vibration sensor and a sound sensor respectively, and determining the force distribution of the voltage insulator by integrating the vibration data and the sound data;

[0042] Step S3: matching and calibrating the force distribution of the voltage insulator with the partial position and marking it, calculating the damage amount of the marked position based on the force distribution and external force bearing range of the marked position, and obtaining the material dielectric strength of all parts of the voltage insulator within the marked position;

[0043] Step S4: Select different processing methods according to the number of voltage insulator parts within the marked position to process the dielectric strength of the material to obtain the marked characteristic value, and comprehensively consider the damage amount of the marked position and the marked characteristic value to determine whether to perform leakage detection on the voltage insulator.

[0044] The specific implementation is as follows:

[0045] In step S1, the position data and breakdown current of each part of the voltage insulator are obtained from the device file of the voltage insulator. The position data includes the precise three-dimensional spatial coordinates of each functional component of the voltage insulator. The breakdown current is the minimum current value when irreversible breakdown occurs on the surface or inside the insulator.

[0046] The toughness of various parts of the voltage insulator is tested by the ultrasonic pulse echo method. The surface of the measured part of the voltage insulator is contacted, ultrasonic waves are emitted, and echo signals are recorded, including the initial pulse, bottom surface echo, and defect echo. The sound velocity is calculated as follows: , where d is the thickness at the measurement location, and is the time difference between the bottom echo and the initial pulse, and v is the speed of sound. The formula for calculating the attenuation coefficient is: ,in, and is the amplitude of the initial pulse and the bottom wall echo, is the attenuation coefficient.

[0047] The relationship between sound velocity, attenuation coefficient and toughness is: ,in, is the toughness, a, b, c are coefficients, and their values ​​need to be determined through regression analysis.

[0048] If the external force on various parts of the voltage insulator exceeds the preset deviation of the ultimate toughness and the current is lower than the breakdown current, it is judged to be a safe range for external force resistance; if the external force on various parts of the voltage insulator exceeds the ultimate toughness or exceeds the breakdown current, it is judged to be a failure range for external force resistance; otherwise, it is judged to be a warning range for external force resistance.

[0049] For example, the power industry design specifications require that the safety factor of voltage insulators be ≥1.43. The safety factor formula is: According to the quantitative design concept of safety margin, when the external force borne by various parts of the voltage insulator is less than 70% of the ultimate toughness and the current is less than 70% of the breakdown current, it is judged as the safe range of external force bearing; when the external force borne by various parts of the voltage insulator is greater than 70% of the ultimate toughness and less than the ultimate toughness, or the current is greater than 70% of the breakdown current and less than the breakdown current, it is judged as the warning range of external force bearing; when the external force borne by various parts of the voltage insulator exceeds the ultimate toughness or exceeds the breakdown current, it is judged as the failure range of external force bearing.

[0050] Ultrasonic pulse-echo nondestructive testing (NDT) measures the toughness of various insulator components. By analyzing the quantitative relationship between sound velocity, attenuation coefficient, and toughness, and integrating power industry standards with stress ranges, we derive a safe range based on the insulator's voltage toughness and breakdown current. This safe range provides a quantitative standard for determining damage and insulation strength in the following sections.

[0051] It should be noted that the equipment files of voltage insulators are stored in the power asset management system and contain data on the entire life cycle of the insulator, such as the three-dimensional structural parameters and material components at the time of leaving the factory, as well as historical operating data. The ultrasonic pulse echo method is a non-destructive testing technology that uses portable ultrasonic flaw detectors. The basic principle is to transmit ultrasonic pulses into the material, receive the reflected sound waves, and measure the material properties by analyzing the time and amplitude of the echo. The ultimate load refers to the maximum load that a voltage insulator can withstand under specific conditions. Once this load is exceeded, the performance and structural integrity of the insulator may be seriously affected. The equipment files of voltage insulators are stored in the power asset management system and contain information on the ultimate load of each part of the insulator. Both ultimate load and ultimate toughness are related to the ability of the insulator to withstand external forces. The ultimate load is measured from the perspective of overall load-bearing capacity, while the ultimate toughness is the material's own ability to resist deformation and fracture.

[0052] In step S2, the three-dimensional coordinates marked in the equipment file accurately locate the surface of the voltage insulator, and the vibration sensors and sound sensors are distributed on the surface at different positions within the force range. The vibration signal characteristics and sound emission characteristics are extracted for the coordinates of the same position. The vibration signal characteristics and sound emission characteristics are vibration amplitude and sound wave intensity respectively; the vibration signal characteristics and sound emission characteristics are normalized.

[0053] Normalization is performed using the Max-Min normalization algorithm: ,in is the extracted vibration signal characteristic value or sound emission characteristic value, is the minimum value of the vibration signal characteristic or sound emission characteristic, is the maximum value of the vibration signal characteristic value or the sound emission characteristic value, The result of normalization of the corresponding vibration signal characteristic value or sound emission characteristic; the vibration signal characteristic value or sound emission characteristic is compressed into the range of 0 to 1. The geometric mean method is used to calculate all the characteristic values ​​of vibration and sound waves to obtain the comprehensive force value at that position. The calculation formula is: , where D is the result of the normalization of the vibration signal characteristic value, and E is the result of the normalization of the sound emission characteristic; within a force range, the set of comprehensive force values ​​calculated at different positions is the force distribution data of the voltage insulator.

[0054] Vibration data and sound data are obtained through vibration sensors and sound sensors respectively. The extracted vibration signal features and sound emission features are normalized using the Max-Min normalization algorithm, compressing all features to the range of 0 to 1. The normalized features are then subjected to the geometric mean method to calculate the comprehensive force value, and then the force distribution of the voltage insulator is determined. This force distribution is used as the data for position matching below.

[0055] It should be noted that a vibration sensor is a device that converts mechanical vibrations into electrical signals. Installed on a voltage insulator, when the insulator vibrates due to external forces, the vibration sensor converts the vibrations into electrical data. Sound sensors convert sound signals into electrical signals. When a voltage insulator is subjected to force, it may produce sound due to changes in its internal structure or interaction with the surrounding environment. Sound sensors capture these sounds and convert them into processable electrical signals, thereby generating sound data. The geometric mean method is used to calculate the average value of a set of positive data and is suitable for processing data with product or proportional relationships. In high-voltage insulator systems, the geometric mean method combines the vibration signal characteristic value or the sound emission characteristic value to calculate the comprehensive force value at that location.

[0056] In step S3, the correspondence between the names of the various parts of the voltage insulator and the three-dimensional space coordinates is established through the three-dimensional coordinates of the various parts of the insulator in the equipment file. For example, the coordinate range of the shed root is , each force distribution data coordinate position . According to the structural characteristics of the voltage insulator, the vertical z-axis is divided into multiple areas. For example, the bottom hardware connection section is at a lower height, the middle is the core rod body and the surrounding umbrella skirt group, and the top is the hardware section connected to the conductor. The z coordinate of the force distribution data coordinate is used to determine which part of the voltage insulator it belongs to. For example, if the z coordinate of the force distribution data coordinate is within the middle range of the voltage insulator, it is determined to belong to the core rod or umbrella skirt part. Further, by calculating the radial distance from the force distribution data coordinate to the center axis , where x and y are the horizontal and vertical coordinate values ​​of the force distribution data, and r is the distance from the coordinate point to the central axis.

[0057] For example, if the r value is less than the core rod radius, it is determined to be a core rod component. Within the force range, different force distribution data are marked to determine that the force range is in a certain part of the voltage insulator.

[0058] The force distribution of the high-voltage insulator is obtained by drawing a circle based on r, the preset positions of various parts of the electronic insulator are calibrated, and the parts of the voltage insulator located within the force distribution are marked.

[0059] The damage amount is an indicator that reflects the degree of damage to the marked position caused by external forces. When the comprehensive force value is less than the upper limit of the safety interval, the damage amount is 0; when the comprehensive force value is within the warning interval, the calculation formula for the damage amount is: The upper limit of the safety interval is that the stress value of each part of the insulator does not exceed 70% of its ultimate toughness; when the stress value exceeds the failure interval, the damage amount is 1; the stress value of the voltage insulator is detected and obtained by the pressure sensor at the corresponding position.

[0060] The dielectric strength of the material corresponding to the marked location is obtained from the voltage insulator equipment archive. For locations marked as warning or failure zones, a dielectric strength tester is used to measure the breakdown voltage in real time, recording the breakdown voltage. The dielectric strength is calculated as the breakdown voltage divided by the material thickness at that location.

[0061] The force distribution of the voltage insulator is aligned with the location and marked. Using the force distribution and external force tolerance at the marked location, the damage at that location is calculated. The dielectric strength of all parts of the voltage insulator within the marked location is also determined. The damage and dielectric strength data at the marked location provide dual quantitative indicators for final decision-making.

[0062] It should be noted that dielectric strength is an inherent electrical property of the insulating material itself, which indicates the material's ability to resist breakdown under the action of an electric field. It is determined through standard tests at the factory and recorded in the equipment file.

[0063] In step S4, if the marked position is a single part of the voltage insulator, the measured value of the material dielectric strength of the part is used as the marked characteristic value, and the marked characteristic value is equal to the dielectric strength; if the marked position includes multiple parts of the voltage insulator, different weights are assigned according to different parts, for example, the core load-bearing part is assigned a high weight coefficient, and the vulnerable and weak part is assigned a low weight coefficient.

[0064] Furthermore, the weighted average method is used to generate the marker feature value, and the calculation formula is: , where S is the marker eigenvalue, is the dielectric strength of the ith location, It is the force correction coefficient, which reflects the influence of force on insulation performance. Different coefficients are assigned to different force intervals. For example, when the force is within the safety interval, the force correction coefficient The value is 1; when the force is within the warning range, the force correction coefficient The value is 0.9 to 0.7; when the force is within the failure range, The value of is less than 0.6;

[0065] The Marker Characteristic Value is an indicator of insulation strength, reflecting the comprehensive insulation capacity of the marked location under the current stress state. A larger Marker Characteristic Value indicates better insulation strength and a lower leakage risk. A smaller Marker Characteristic Value indicates poor insulation strength, requiring leakage detection as a priority.

[0066] A two-dimensional threshold matrix decision model uses the damage volume and marker characteristic values ​​at the marked location to comprehensively analyze whether leakage monitoring should be performed. Regions are divided based on the damage volume and marker characteristic values ​​at the marked location, with clear threshold boundaries, to comprehensively determine whether leakage detection should be performed on voltage insulators.

[0067] When the damage range of the marked position exceeds the preset damage threshold, it is divided into a high damage area; otherwise, it is divided into a low damage area;

[0068] When the range of the marked characteristic value passes the preset insulation threshold, it is divided into a high insulation area; otherwise, it is divided into a low insulation area;

[0069] When the damage amount at the marked position is in the low damage area and the marked characteristic value is in the high insulation area, leakage detection is not performed; when the damage amount at the marked position is in the high damage area or the marked characteristic value is in the low insulation area, leakage detection is performed.

[0070] Based on the number of voltage insulators within the marked location, different treatment methods are selected to improve the dielectric strength, resulting in a marker characteristic value reflecting the insulation strength at the marked location. The amount of damage at the marked location and the obtained marker characteristic value are combined to determine whether to perform leakage testing on the voltage insulator.

[0071] It's important to note that insulation strength is the comprehensive insulation capability of an insulating material or structure under actual operating conditions, reflecting its ability to withstand electric fields. It requires combining dielectric strength with a correction factor for calculation. The two-dimensional threshold matrix decision model is a matrix-based decision-making method based on two key parameters. The definitions and ranges of these two parameters must be clearly defined. By defining clear threshold boundaries, a quantitative judgment can be made regarding whether high-voltage insulators require leakage testing.

[0072] Example 2, a high voltage insulator leakage current online monitoring system, such as Figure 2 As shown, a method for realizing online monitoring of leakage current of high-voltage insulators includes a data acquisition module, a force distribution module, a performance evaluation module, and a leakage detection module.

[0073] The functions of each module are as follows:

[0074] The data acquisition module retrieves the three-dimensional coordinates, dielectric strength, and breakdown current of voltage insulators from equipment files; collects signal data from vibration and sound sensors; and detects and analyzes the toughness of various parts, providing data for subsequent modules.

[0075] The force distribution module comprehensively analyzes the external force bearing range of each part by combining the breakdown current and the toughness of each part; generates a comprehensive force value by analyzing the signal data, obtains the force distribution of the voltage insulator, and transmits the force distribution and the external force bearing range of each part to the performance evaluation module.

[0076] The performance evaluation module calibrates and matches the mark position based on the force distribution and the three-dimensional coordinates of the voltage insulator, analyzes the damage amount of the mark position in combination with the external force bearing interval of each part, and transmits it to the leakage detection module.

[0077] The leakage detection module combines the dielectric strength to generate the mark characteristic value of the mark position and the damage amount to comprehensively analyze whether leakage detection should be performed.

[0078] The above embodiments may be implemented in whole or in part through software, hardware, firmware, or any other combination thereof. When implemented using software, the above embodiments may be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product.

[0079] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the modules and algorithm steps of each example described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are performed in hardware or software depends on the specific application of the technical solution and the invention constraints. Professional and technical personnel can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0080] In addition, each functional module in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing module, or each module may exist physically separately, or two or more modules may be integrated into one module.

[0081] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present application, but the scope of protection of the present application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included in the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

[0082] Finally: The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for online monitoring of leakage current of high-voltage insulators, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step S1: Calling the device file of the voltage insulator to obtain the position of each part of the voltage insulator and the breakdown current, measuring the toughness of each part of the voltage insulator, and analyzing the external force bearing range of each part of the voltage insulator based on the breakdown current and part toughness; Step S2: obtaining vibration data and sound data of the voltage insulator through a vibration sensor and a sound sensor respectively, and determining the force distribution of the voltage insulator by integrating the vibration data and the sound data; Step S3: Matching and calibrating the force distribution of the voltage insulator with the positions of various parts and marking them, calculating the damage amount of the marked position based on the force distribution and external force bearing range of the marked position, and obtaining the material dielectric strength of all parts of the voltage insulator within the marked position; Step S4: Select different processing methods according to the number of voltage insulator parts within the marked position to process the dielectric strength of the material to obtain the marked characteristic value, and comprehensively consider the damage amount of the marked position and the marked characteristic value to determine whether to perform leakage detection on the voltage insulator.

2. The method for online monitoring of leakage current of a high-voltage insulator according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, the position data and breakdown current of each part of the voltage insulator are obtained through the equipment file of the voltage insulator. The position data includes the precise three-dimensional spatial coordinates of each functional component of the voltage insulator; the breakdown current is the minimum current value when irreversible breakdown occurs on the surface or inside of the insulator.

3. The method for online monitoring of leakage current of a high-voltage insulator according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, if the external force applied to each part of the voltage insulator does not exceed the preset deviation of the ultimate toughness and the current is lower than the breakdown current, it is determined to be in the safe range for external force; if the external force applied to each part of the voltage insulator exceeds the preset deviation of the ultimate toughness or the current exceeds the breakdown current, it is determined to be in the failure range for external force; otherwise, it is determined to be in the warning range for external force; The ultimate toughness is the maximum external force that the corresponding part of the voltage insulator can withstand when cracks appear.

4. The method for online monitoring of leakage current of a high-voltage insulator according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the vibration data and the sound data are the extracted vibration signal features and sound emission features collected by the vibration sensor and the sound sensor, respectively. The vibration signal features and the sound emission features are the vibration amplitude and the sound wave intensity, respectively. After the vibration signal features and the sound emission features are standardized, the comprehensive force value of each position of the voltage insulator is calculated by the geometric mean method. The calculation formula is: , where D is the result of normalization of the vibration signal characteristic value, and E is the result of normalization of the sound emission characteristic.

5. The method for online monitoring of leakage current of a high-voltage insulator according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step S3, the three-dimensional coordinates of each part of the insulator are retrieved, and the corresponding relationship between the name of each part of the voltage insulator and the three-dimensional space coordinates is established; by calculating the radial distance from the force distribution data coordinate to the central axis , where x and y are the horizontal and vertical coordinate values ​​of the force distribution data, and r is the distance from the coordinate point to the central axis; The force distribution of the high-voltage insulator is obtained by drawing a circle based on r, the preset positions of various parts of the voltage insulator are checked, and the parts of the voltage insulator located within the force distribution are marked.

6. The method for online monitoring of leakage current of a high-voltage insulator according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step S3, the damage amount is an indicator value reflecting the degree of damage to the marked position caused by external force. When the comprehensive force value is less than the upper limit of the safety interval, the damage amount is set to 0; When the comprehensive stress value is within the warning range, the damage amount is calculated using the damage amount calculation formula: , where the upper limit of the safety interval is the preset deviation of the force value of each part of the insulator not exceeding its ultimate toughness; when the force value exceeds the failure interval, the damage amount is set to 1; The force value of the voltage insulator is detected and obtained by the pressure sensor at the corresponding position.

7. The method for online monitoring of leakage current of a high-voltage insulator according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the dielectric strength of the material corresponding to the marked position is obtained, and the breakdown voltage of the portion marked as the warning interval or failure interval is recorded. The dielectric strength is the ratio of the breakdown voltage of the portion to the thickness of the material at the portion. After the force distribution of the voltage insulator is matched and calibrated with the part position and marked, the force distribution and external force bearing range of the marked position are used to calculate the damage amount of the marked position, and the material dielectric strength of all parts of the voltage insulator within the marked position is obtained.

8. The method for online monitoring of leakage current of a high-voltage insulator according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step S4, if the marked position is a single part of the voltage insulator, the measured value of the dielectric strength of the material at that part is used as the marked characteristic value, and the marked characteristic value is equal to the dielectric strength; if the marked position includes multiple parts of the voltage insulator, the weighted average method is used to generate the marked characteristic value, and the calculation formula is: , where S is the marker eigenvalue, is the preset weight coefficient, is the dielectric strength of the ith location, is the force correction coefficient; The force correction coefficient reflects the impact of force on insulation performance, and different force correction coefficients are set according to the force range.

9. The method for online monitoring of leakage current of a high-voltage insulator according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step S4, whether leakage monitoring should be performed is comprehensively analyzed based on the damage amount at the marked position and the marked characteristic value: When the damage range of the marked position exceeds the preset damage threshold, it is divided into a high damage area; otherwise, it is divided into a low damage area; When the range of the marked characteristic value exceeds the preset insulation threshold, it is divided into a high insulation area; otherwise, it is divided into a low insulation area; When the damage amount at the marked position is in the low damage area and the marked characteristic value is in the high insulation area, leakage detection is not performed; when the damage amount at the marked position is in the high damage area or the marked characteristic value is in the low insulation area, leakage detection is performed.

10. A high-voltage insulator leakage current online monitoring system, based on a high-voltage insulator leakage current online monitoring method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: Including data acquisition module, force distribution module, performance evaluation module, leakage detection module; The data acquisition module is used to retrieve the three-dimensional coordinates, dielectric strength, and breakdown current of the voltage insulator from the equipment files; collect signal data from the vibration sensor and sound sensor; detect and analyze the toughness of each part, and transmit it to the subsequent modules for normal operation of the system; The force distribution module analyzes the external force tolerance range of each part based on the breakdown current and the toughness of each part. It generates a comprehensive force value by analyzing the signal data, obtains the force distribution of the voltage insulator, and transmits the force distribution and the external force tolerance range of each part to the performance evaluation module. The performance evaluation module calibrates and matches the marked position based on the force distribution and the three-dimensional coordinates of the voltage insulator. It then analyzes the damage amount at the marked position based on the external force bearing interval of each part and transmits the result to the leakage detection module. The leakage detection module combines the dielectric strength to generate the mark characteristic value of the mark position and the damage amount to comprehensively analyze whether leakage detection should be performed.

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