Anti-floating anchor construction control method based on distributed displacement monitoring

Abstract

The invention discloses an anti-floating anchor construction control method based on distributed displacement monitoring. The control method comprises the steps of arrangement of an anti-floating anchor system, distributed displacement monitoring, visual analysis, intelligent decision making of electroosmosis and control of electroosmosis. The electroosmosis equipment is integrated on the anti-floating anchor rod and the drainage pipe, so that the electric field distribution uniformity, the drainage efficiency and the groundwater buoyancy resistance are improved; dynamic regulation and control and closed-loop control are achieved through linkage of an anti-floating anchor rod system based on the electroosmosis principle and distributed displacement monitoring data, and the drainage rate and range are accurately controlled according to the floating or sedimentation condition of a stratum. The anti-floating anchor system adapts to the influence of temporary load change of an underground engineering structure and rainfall on the underground water level in the construction period, and the possibility of stratum compression settlement caused by excessive drainage is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of control systems and relates to a construction control method for anti-floating anchor rods based on distributed displacement monitoring. Background Technique

[0002] In the construction and operation processes of underground engineering structures represented by basements, underground tunnels, and underground utility tunnels, etc., it is necessary to resist the buoyancy of groundwater for a long time to ensure the anti-floating stability of the structure. As a commonly used anti-floating structure, the anti-floating anchor rod provides anti-floating stability for the structure through the bonding force between the anchor rod body and the surrounding soil and its own uplift resistance.

[0003] Existing anti-floating anchor rods mainly improve the uplift resistance by increasing the length, diameter of the anchor rod or enhancing the strength of the grouting body, which belongs to passive anti-floating. Moreover, the design of anti-floating anchor rods is based on the assumptions of static load and static water level, and it is difficult to adapt to the changes of temporary loads of underground engineering structures during construction and the influence of rainfall on the groundwater level. When the phreatic water level rises suddenly due to short-term heavy rain or the confined water slowly rises due to long-term rainy weather, if the main body of the underground engineering structure is not completed, it will lead to insufficient self-weight load, and the underground engineering structure is prone to overall floating accidents under the action of groundwater buoyancy, seriously threatening the safety of underground engineering structures and the construction progress. Improving the uplift resistance of anti-floating anchor rods at all costs to cope with extreme situations during construction will significantly affect the economic rationality of engineering construction.

[0004] The electro-osmosis technology is based on the electrochemical principle and makes the pore water migrate directionally by applying an electric field in the soil, and it has been applied in the fields of soft foundation drainage, foundation pit seepage prevention, etc. The existing technical gaps in the application of electro-osmosis technology to the anti-floating of underground engineering structures include: 1) Lack of integrated design: The existing electro-osmosis equipment represented by electro-osmosis well points is an external device independent of the underground engineering structure and is not integrated with the anchor rod structure, resulting in uneven electric field distribution and low drainage efficiency; 2) Lack of dynamic regulation mechanism: The traditional electro-osmosis system relies on manual start and stop and is not linked with construction monitoring data, making it difficult to achieve closed-loop control between real-time monitoring and intelligent response; 3) Lack of control mechanism for groundwater loss and settlement risks: If the electro-osmosis method drains water excessively, it may lead to an increase in the effective stress of the soil around the anchor rod, causing formation compression settlement. However, the existing technology has not established the correlation between settlement and drainage volume, and it is impossible to accurately control the drainage rate and scope, and there is a risk of uneven settlement caused by local dewatering.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a construction control method for electro-osmosis anti-floating anchor rods based on distributed displacement monitoring to achieve the deep integration of anti-floating structures and active drainage technologies, and at the same time establish a correlation control method for settlement and drainage volume to ensure the intelligence, anti-floating safety, and economic efficiency of underground engineering structures during construction. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the deficiencies of the existing technology, the present invention proposes a construction control method for anti-floating anchor rods based on distributed displacement monitoring, which is applicable to the monitoring and control of anti-floating anchor rods during the construction of underground engineering structures, and is conducive to improving the intelligence, anti-floating safety and economic efficiency of underground engineering structures during construction.

[0007] The construction control method for anti-floating anchor rods based on distributed displacement monitoring includes the following steps: S1. Arrangement of the anti-floating anchor rod system: The anti-floating anchor rod system includes electro-osmotic anode anti-floating anchor rods, electro-osmotic cathode drain pipes and pumping devices; the electro-osmotic anode anti-floating anchor rods are spiral-wound with titanium wire meshes on the outer surface of the free section of the traditional anti-floating anchor rods, and the titanium wire meshes are insulated and fixed to the anchor rod body, serving as electro-osmotic anodes and connected to the positive pole of an external power supply; the pipe wall of the electro-osmotic cathode drain pipe adopts a double-layer structure, with an inner layer of pure titanium conductive core and an outer layer wrapped with a graphite conductive layer, and a number of water-permeable holes and water-permeable filter meshes are provided on the pipe wall; the electro-osmotic cathode drain pipe serves as an electro-osmotic cathode and is connected to the negative pole of an external power supply; the pumping device uses a water pump, which is installed at the top of the electro-osmotic cathode drain pipe and is used to pump the water entering the electro-osmotic cathode drain pipe to above the ground; When arranging the anti-floating anchor rod system, the electro-osmotic anode anti-floating anchor rods and the electro-osmotic cathode drain pipes are alternately embedded into the formation according to the designed spacing, ensuring that the electro-osmotic anode anti-floating anchor rods and the electro-osmotic cathode drain pipes cooperate with each other and form a closed loop, so as to drive the water in the formation to migrate from the electro-osmotic anode anti-floating anchor rods to the electro-osmotic cathode drain pipes; S2. Distributed displacement monitoring: Cover the construction area with displacement sensors in a grid layout; for areas sensitive to vertical displacement of the formation, locally reduce the arrangement spacing of the displacement sensors; the displacement sensors collect the vertical displacement data of the formation in real time, and synchronously record the coordinate data and time data where the displacement sensors are located, so as to mark the vertical displacement data of the formation as S ( x, y, z, t );Before the construction of the anti-floating anchor rods, the monitored reference vertical displacement data of the formation is marked as S 0 ( x, y, z, t 0 );After the construction of the anti-floating anchor rods, the vertical displacement data of the formation monitored for the i th time is marked as S i ( x, y, z, t i );Relative to the reference vertical displacement of the formation, the vertical displacement change value Δ i of the formation monitored for the S i ( x, y, z, ti ) satisfy the following expression: Δ S i ( x, y, z, t i ) = S i ( x, y, z, t i ) - S 0 ( x, y, z, t 0 )

[0008] where, when the value of the vertical displacement change Δ i S i ( x, y, z, t i ) of the formation at the -th monitoring is positive, it indicates that the formation floats; when it is negative, it indicates that the formation subsides; relative to the vertical displacement of the formation at the i -1-th monitoring, the vertical displacement change rate i V i ( x, y, z, t i ) of the formation at the -th monitoring satisfies the following expression:

[0009] where, when the value of the vertical displacement change rate i V i ( x, y, z, t i ) of the formation at the -th monitoring is positive, it indicates that the formation floats; when it is negative, it indicates that the formation subsides; S3. Data visualization analysis: Convert the vertical displacement i S i ( x, y, z, t i ) of the formation at the -th monitoring, the vertical displacement change Δ i S i ( x, y, z, t i ) of the formation at the -th monitoring, and the vertical displacement change rate i V i ( x, y, z, t i ) of the formation at the -th monitoring into a visual heat map to visually display S i ( x, y, z, t i)、Δ S i ( x, y, z, t i ) and V i ( x, y, z, t i ) of the spatial distribution characteristics; S4. Intelligent decision-making for electroosmosis: The microcomputer control module adopts deep convolutional neural network technology to establish the mapping relationship between the image features of the visualized heat map and the electroosmosis control quantity, and discriminates the displacement abnormal area; the electroosmosis control quantity includes the voltage values applied to each of the electroosmosis anode anti-floating anchor rods and the electroosmosis cathode drain pipes; the decision-making logic of the microcomputer control module includes: if Δ S i ( x, y, z, t i ) shown in the visualized heat map when floating exceeds its allowable value [Δ S u or V i ( x, y, z, t i ) exceeds its allowable value V u , it is determined as a displacement abnormal area, and the voltage applied to the anti-floating anchor rod system in this area is increased; if Δ S u ( x, y, z, t i ) shown in the visualized heat map when settling exceeds its allowable value [Δ S u or V i ( x, y, z, t i ) exceeds the allowable value V s , it is determined as a displacement abnormal area, and the voltage applied to the anti-floating anchor rod system in this area is decreased; S5. Control of electroosmosis: According to the electroosmosis control quantity, voltage is applied to each of the electroosmosis anode anti-floating anchor rods and the electroosmosis cathode drain pipes, so as to control the migration rate of water in the formation from the electroosmosis anode anti-floating anchor rods to the electroosmosis cathode drain pipes, and then accurately control the drainage rate and range.

[0010] Preferably, in step S1, the designed spacing d between the electroosmosis anode anti-floating anchor rods and the electroosmosis cathode drain pipes

[0011] wherein, γ w is the unit weight of water, N·m -3 ; k e is the electro-osmotic coefficient of the soil mass, m 2 ·V -1 ·s -1 ; h is the length of the electro-osmotic cathode drain pipe, m; U is the applied voltage, V; t is the duration of electro-osmotic drainage, s; S is the allowable value of the vertical displacement of the formation when floating occurs, m; E s is the compression modulus of the formation, Pa.

[0012] Preferably, in step S3, the generation of the visualization heat map is to convert discrete data into continuous data through an interpolation algorithm, and according to S i ( x, y, z, t i )、Δ S i ( x, y, z, t i ) and V i ( x, y, z, t i ) to determine the color of each pixel on the visualization heat map.

[0013] Preferably, in step S4, the convolutional neural network model includes an image input layer, a convolutional layer, a pooling layer, and a fully connected layer; the image input layer is the first layer of the convolutional neural network model and is used to receive the visualization heat map; the convolutional layer is located behind the image input layer and is used to extract local features in the visualization heat map; the pooling layer is located behind the convolutional layer and is used to reduce the spatial dimension of the feature map and retain important feature information; the fully connected layer is located at the end of the convolutional neural network model and is used for the synthesis and classification of feature information; the training data of the convolutional neural network model comes from historical engineering data under similar geological conditions.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: A construction control method for anti-floating anchor rods based on distributed displacement monitoring is proposed for the monitoring and control of anti-floating anchor rods during the construction of underground engineering structures. The method includes: the layout of the anti-floating anchor rod system, distributed displacement monitoring, visual analysis, intelligent decision-making of electroosmosis, and control of electroosmosis; by integrating electroosmosis equipment onto anti-floating anchor rods and drain pipes, the uniformity of electric field distribution, the efficiency of drainage, and the ability to resist the buoyancy of groundwater are improved; the linkage between the anti-floating anchor rod system based on the electroosmosis principle and the distributed displacement monitoring data realizes dynamic regulation and closed-loop control, accurately controlling the drainage rate and range according to the floating or settlement condition of the formation, enabling the anti-floating anchor rod system to adapt to the changes in the temporary load of the underground engineering structure during construction and the influence of rainfall on the groundwater level, and avoiding the possibility of formation compression settlement caused by excessive drainage; the visual heat map generated based on distributed displacement monitoring is beneficial for intuitively displaying the spatial distribution characteristics of vertical displacement and its change rate, thereby intuitively identifying abnormal displacement areas; by establishing an association control between the visual heat map and the electroosmosis applied voltage through a convolutional neural network model, the intelligence, anti-floating safety, and economic efficiency of the underground engineering structure during construction are improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 is a flowchart of the construction control method for anti-floating anchor rods based on distributed displacement monitoring according to the present invention; Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the anti-floating anchor rod system shown in the embodiment of the present invention; Reference numerals: 1 - electroosmosis anode anti-floating anchor rod, 11 - titanium wire mesh, 2 - electroosmosis cathode drain pipe, 21 - water permeable hole, 22 - water permeable filter screen, 3 - pumping device, 4 - water migration direction. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0016] The following further describes the embodiments of the present invention in more detail with reference to the drawings and reference numerals, so that those skilled in the art can implement it after studying this specification. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0017] This application discloses a construction control method for anti-floating anchor rods based on distributed displacement monitoring as shown in Figure 1-2 and includes the following steps: S1. Arrangement of the anti - floating anchor rod system: The anti - floating anchor rod system includes an electro - osmotic anode anti - floating anchor rod 1, an electro - osmotic cathode drain pipe 2, and a pumping device 3. The electro - osmotic anode anti - floating anchor rod 1 has a titanium wire mesh 11 spirally wound on the outer surface of the free section of the traditional anti - floating anchor rod. The titanium wire mesh 11 is insulated and fixed to the anchor rod body and is connected to the positive pole of the external power supply as the electro - osmotic anode. The pipe wall of the electro - osmotic cathode drain pipe 2 adopts a double - layer structure. The inner layer is a pure titanium conductive core, and the outer layer is wrapped with a graphite conductive layer. There are several water - permeable holes 21 and water - permeable filter meshes 22 on the pipe wall. The electro - osmotic cathode drain pipe 2 is connected to the negative pole of the external power supply as the electro - osmotic cathode. The pumping device 3 uses a water pump and is installed at the top of the electro - osmotic cathode drain pipe 2 to pump the water entering the electro - osmotic cathode drain pipe 2 above the ground. When arranging the anti - floating anchor rod system, the electro - osmotic anode anti - floating anchor rod 1 and the electro - osmotic cathode drain pipe 2 are alternately embedded into the stratum according to the designed spacing, ensuring that the electro - osmotic anode anti - floating anchor rod 1 and the electro - osmotic cathode drain pipe 2 cooperate with each other to form a closed loop, thereby driving the water in the stratum to migrate. The water migration direction 4 is from the electro - osmotic anode anti - floating anchor rod 1 into the electro - osmotic cathode drain pipe 2. In specific implementation, the designed spacing between the electro - osmotic anode anti - floating anchor rod 1 and the electro - osmotic cathode drain pipe 2 d , satisfies the following expression: (1) Where, γ w is the unit weight of water, N·m -3 ; k e is the electro - osmotic coefficient of the soil mass, m 2 ·V -1 ·s -1 ; h is the length of the electro - osmotic cathode drain pipe, m; U is the applied voltage, V; t is the duration of electro - osmotic drainage, s; S is the allowable value of the vertical displacement of the stratum during floating, m; E s is the compression modulus of the stratum, Pa; Under typical conditions, the unit weight of water γ w is 9800N·m -3 ; The electro - osmotic coefficient of the soil mass k e measured by indoor electro - osmotic tests is 1.3×10 -7 m 2 ·V -1 ·s -1 ; The length of the electro - osmotic cathode drain pipe his 4.5 m; the applied voltage U is 300 V; the duration t is 600 s; the allowable value of the vertical displacement of the formation when floating occurs S is 0.003 m; the compression modulus of the formation E s is 1.5×10 6 Pa; then the designed spacing between the electroosmotic anode anti - floating anchor rod 1 and the electroosmotic cathode drain pipe 2 d is calculated according to Equation (1) as shown below: (2) In practice, the designed spacing d is taken as 1 m; S2. Distributed displacement monitoring: The displacement sensors are arranged in a grid layout to cover the construction area; for areas where the vertical displacement of the formation is sensitive, such as steep terrain, geologically weak zones, and near the construction excavation surface, the arrangement spacing of the displacement sensors is locally reduced; the displacement sensors collect the vertical displacement data of the formation in real - time, and synchronously record the coordinate data and time data where the displacement sensors are located, so as to label the vertical displacement data of the formation as S ( x, y, z, t ); before the construction of the anti - floating anchor rod, the reference vertical displacement data of the formation monitored is labeled as S 0 ( x, y, z, t 0 ); after the construction of the anti - floating anchor rod, the vertical displacement data of the formation monitored at the i th monitoring is labeled as S i ( x, y, z, t i ); relative to the reference vertical displacement of the formation, the change value Δ i of the vertical displacement of the formation monitored at the S i ( x, y, z, t i ) satisfies the following expression: Δ S i ( x, y, z, t i )= S i ( x, y, z, t i )- S 0 ( x, y, z, t 0 )(3) Among them, when the change value Δ i of the vertical displacement of the formation monitored at the S i ( x, y, z, t i) A positive value indicates the ground is uplifting, and a negative value indicates the ground is subsiding; Relative to the vertical ground displacement measured at the i -1st monitoring, the rate of change of the vertical ground displacement measured at the i th monitoring V i ( x, y, z, t i ) satisfies the following expression: (4) where, when the rate of change of the vertical ground displacement measured at the i th monitoring V i ( x, y, z, t i ) is positive, it indicates the ground is uplifting, and when it is negative, it indicates the ground is subsiding; S3. Visual analysis: Convert the vertical ground displacement i measured at the S i ( x, y, z, t i ), the change value Δ i of the vertical ground displacement measured at the S i ( x, y, z, t i ) and the rate of change i of the vertical ground displacement measured at the V i ( x, y, z, t i ) into a visual heat map to intuitively display the S i ( x, y, z, t i ), Δ S i ( x, y, z, t i ) and the spatial distribution characteristics of V i ( x, y, z, t i ); In specific implementation, the color marking rule of the visual heat map is shown as follows: (5) where, Δ S i ( x, y, z, t i ) and V i ( x, y, z, t i) A positive value indicates a vertically upward direction, i.e., upward floating occurs; Δ S i ( x, y, z, t i ) and V i ( x, y, z, t i ) A negative value indicates a vertically downward direction, i.e., settlement occurs; A warning is triggered when the color marker of the visualization heat map is purple or red; S4, Intelligent decision-making for electroosmosis: The microcomputer control module uses deep convolutional neural network technology to establish a mapping relationship between the image features of the visualization heat map and the electroosmosis control quantity, and discriminates the displacement abnormal area; The electroosmosis control quantity includes the voltage values applied to each of the electroosmosis anode anti-floating anchor rods and the electroosmosis cathode drain pipes; The decision-making logic of the microcomputer control module includes: If Δ S i ( x, y, z, t i ) shown in the visualization heat map during upward floating exceeds its allowable value [Δ S u or V i ( x, y, z, t i ) exceeds its allowable value V u , it is discriminated as a displacement abnormal area, and the voltage applied to the anti-floating anchor rod system in this area is increased; If Δ S u ( x, y, z, t i ) shown in the visualization heat map during settlement exceeds its allowable value [Δ S u or V i ( x, y, z, t i ) exceeds the allowable value V s , it is discriminated as a displacement abnormal area, and the voltage applied to the anti-floating anchor rod system in this area is decreased; In specific implementation, the convolutional neural network model includes an image input layer, a convolutional layer, a pooling layer, and a fully connected layer; The image input layer is the first layer of the convolutional neural network model and is used to receive the visualization heat map; The convolutional layer is located after the image input layer and is used to extract local features in the visualization heat map; The pooling layer is located after the convolutional layer and is used to reduce the spatial dimension of the feature map and retain important feature information; The fully connected layer is located at the end of the convolutional neural network model and is used for the synthesis and classification of feature information; The training data of the convolutional neural network model comes from historical engineering data under similar geological conditions; S5. Control of electroosmosis: According to the electroosmosis control amount, voltages are applied to each of the electroosmosis anode anti-floating anchor rods and the electroosmosis cathode drain pipes, so as to control the rate of water migration from the electroosmosis anode anti-floating anchor rods to the electroosmosis cathode drain pipes in the formation, and further accurately control the drainage rate and range.

[0018] Thus, by integrating the electroosmosis device onto the anti-floating anchor rods and drain pipes, the uniformity of the electric field distribution, the efficiency of drainage, and the ability to resist the buoyancy of groundwater are improved; the linkage between the anti-floating anchor rod system based on the electroosmosis principle and the distributed displacement monitoring data realizes dynamic regulation and closed-loop control, accurately controlling the drainage rate and range according to the floating or settlement condition of the formation, enabling the anti-floating anchor rod system to adapt to the change of the temporary load of the underground engineering structure during construction and the influence of rainfall on the groundwater level, and avoiding the possibility of formation compression settlement caused by excessive drainage; the visualized heat map generated based on the distributed displacement monitoring is conducive to dynamically displaying the spatial distribution characteristics of the vertical displacement and its change rate, thus intuitively identifying the displacement abnormal area; the correlation control between the visualized heat map and the electroosmosis applied voltage is established through the convolutional neural network model, improving the intelligence, anti-floating safety, and economic efficiency of the underground engineering structure during construction.

[0019] The above are one or more embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is relatively specific and detailed, but it should not be construed as a limitation to the scope of the present invention patent. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the concept of the present invention, several modifications and improvements can still be made, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention patent shall be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. A construction control method for anti-floating anchor rods based on distributed displacement monitoring, characterized in that It includes the following steps: S1. Arrangement of the anti - floating anchor system: The anti - floating anchor system includes electro - osmotic anode anti - floating anchors, electro - osmotic cathode drain pipes, and a pumping device; when arranging the anti - floating anchor system, the electro - osmotic anode anti - floating anchors and the electro - osmotic cathode drain pipes are alternately embedded into the formation according to the designed spacing, ensuring that the electro - osmotic anode anti - floating anchors and the electro - osmotic cathode drain pipes cooperate with each other to form a closed loop, so as to drive the water in the formation to migrate from the electro - osmotic anode anti - floating anchors into the electro - osmotic cathode drain pipes; S2. Distributed displacement monitoring: Cover the construction area with displacement sensors in a grid layout; the displacement sensors collect formation vertical displacement data in real time and synchronously record the coordinate data and time data where the displacement sensors are located, so as to mark the formation vertical displacement data as S ( x, y, z, t ); Before the construction of anti-floating anchor rods, the monitored reference formation vertical displacement data is marked as S 0 ( x, y, z, t 0 ); After the construction of anti-floating anchor rods, the formation vertical displacement data of the i th monitoring is marked as S i ( x, y, z, t i ), and then calculate the formation vertical displacement change value Δ i of the S i ( x, y, z, t i ) and the formation vertical displacement change rate of the i th monitoring V i ( x, y, z, t i ); S3. Visual analysis: Convert S i ( x, y, z, t i )、Δ S i ( x, y, z, t i ) and V i ( x, y, z, t i ) into a visual heat map; S4. Intelligent decision - making for electro - osmosis: The microcomputer control module uses deep convolutional neural network technology to establish a mapping relationship between the image features of the visualization heat map and the electro - osmosis control quantity, and discriminates the displacement abnormal area; the electro - osmosis control quantity includes the voltage values applied to each of the electro - osmotic anode anti - floating anchors and the electro - osmotic cathode drain pipes; S5. Control of electro - osmosis: According to the electro - osmosis control quantity, voltage is applied to each of the electro - osmotic anode anti - floating anchors and the electro - osmotic cathode drain pipes.

2. The construction control method of anti-floating anchor rods based on distributed displacement monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that In the anti - floating anchor system, the electro - osmotic anode anti - floating anchor is a titanium wire mesh spirally wound on the outer surface of the free section of the traditional anti - floating anchor. The titanium wire mesh is insulated and fixed to the anchor rod body and is connected to the positive pole of the external power supply as the electro - osmotic anode; the pipe wall of the electro - osmotic cathode drain pipe adopts a double - layer structure, with the inner layer being a pure titanium conductive core and the outer layer being wrapped with a graphite conductive layer, and a number of water - permeable holes and water - permeable filter meshes are provided on the pipe wall; the electro - osmotic cathode drain pipe is connected to the negative pole of the external power supply as the electro - osmotic cathode; the pumping device uses a water pump, which is installed at the top of the electro - osmotic cathode drain pipe and is used to pump the water entering the electro - osmotic cathode drain pipe above the ground.

3. The construction control method of anti-floating anchor rods based on distributed displacement monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S1, the designed spacing between the electroosmotic anode anti-floating anchor rod and the electroosmotic cathode drain pipe d satisfies the following expression: Among them, γ w is the unit weight of water, N·m -3 ; k e is the electro-osmotic coefficient of soil, m 2 ·V -1 ·s -1 ; h is the length of the electro-osmotic cathode drain pipe, m; U is the applied voltage, V; t is the duration of electro-osmotic drainage, s; S is the allowable value of the vertical displacement of the formation during floating, m; E s is the compression modulus of the formation, Pa.

4. The construction control method for anti-floating anchor rods based on distributed displacement monitoring according to claim 1, wherein, In step S2, the vertical displacement change value Δ i of the S i ( x, y, z, t i ) of the formation measured for the Δ S i ( x, y, z, t i ) = S i ( x, y, z, t i ) - S 0 ( x, y, z, t 0 ) where, when the value of the vertical displacement change Δ i of the formation at the S i ( x, y, z, t i ) -th monitoring is positive, it indicates that the formation floats, and when it is negative, it indicates that the formation subsides; Relative to the vertical displacement of the formation at the i -(1)st monitoring, the rate of change of the vertical displacement of the formation at the i th monitoring V i ( x, y, z, t i ) satisfies the following expression: Among them, when the i vertical displacement change rate of the formation monitored for the V i ( x, y, z, t i ) is positive, it indicates that the formation floats, and when it is negative, it indicates that the formation subsides.

5. The construction control method of anti-floating anchor rods based on distributed displacement monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S3, the generation of the visualization heat map is to convert discrete data into continuous data through an interpolation algorithm, and determine the color of each pixel on the visualization heat map according to S i ( x, y, z, t i )、Δ S i ( x, y, z, t i ) and V i ( x, y, z, t i ) values.

6. The construction control method of anti-floating anchor rods based on distributed displacement monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S4, the convolutional neural network model includes an image input layer, a convolutional layer, a pooling layer, and a fully - connected layer; the image input layer is the first layer of the convolutional neural network model and is used to receive the visualization heat map; the convolutional layer is located behind the image input layer and is used to extract local features from the visualization heat map; the pooling layer is located behind the convolutional layer and is used to reduce the spatial dimension of the feature map and retain important feature information; the fully - connected layer is located at the end of the convolutional neural network model and is used for the synthesis and classification of feature information; the training data of the convolutional neural network model comes from historical engineering data under similar geological conditions.

7. The construction control method of anti-floating anchor rods based on distributed displacement monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that In step S4, the decision logic of the microcomputer control module includes: if Δ when the visualized heat map shows upward floating S i ( x, y, z, t i ) exceeds its allowable value [Δ S u or V i ( x, y, z, t i ) exceeds its allowable value V u , it is determined as a displacement abnormal area, and the voltage applied to the anti-floating anchor system within this area is increased; if Δ when the visualized heat map shows settlement S u ( x, y, z, t i ) exceeds its allowable value [Δ S u or V i ( x, y, z, t i ) exceeds the allowable value V s , it is determined as a displacement abnormal area, and the voltage applied to the anti-floating anchor system within this area is decreased.

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