Communication method and device applied to bus coupler

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of digital information transmission, in particular to a communication method and device applied to a bus coupler, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining each communication data frame in the communication process of the bus coupler; dividing into rising edge, falling edge and high level intervals, respectively acquiring distortion jitter coefficients of each rising edge and each falling edge, acquiring abnormal values of each high level with local irregular oscillation and delay characteristics, and further constructing each characteristic vector; according to the average level of the modulus values of all the feature vectors of each data frame and the similarity among different feature vectors, obtaining disturbance values of each data frame subjected to electromagnetic interference and signal reflection; and judging the correction processing of each data frame in the communication process of the bus coupler according to the disturbance value. The communication quality of the bus coupler can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of digital information transmission technology, and particularly relates to a communication method and device applied to a bus coupler. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of industrial Internet of Things and intelligent manufacturing, and the increasingly complex communication requirements among devices, higher requirements are put forward for the communication method of bus couplers. At the same time, in practical applications, the communication process may be affected by electromagnetic interference and signal reflection in the surrounding environment, resulting in distortion, delay jitter abnormality of the transmitted data frames, and thus affecting the communication quality. Existing communication methods do not fully consider the influence of electromagnetic radiation and signal reflection in the actual communication process, and there are defects in poor communication quality.

[0003] The published patent CN113242166A discloses a bus communication system, an electronic device and a bus communication method. By loading and transmitting communication signals on the power bus, a filtering module is used to separate the DC signal and the carrier signal to achieve data transmission between different communication branch paths. However, the power bus itself is vulnerable to electromagnetic interference, especially in a complex electromagnetic environment, which reduces the communication reliability. In the case of long-distance transmission or impedance mismatch, signal reflection may affect the communication quality. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the purpose of this application is to provide a communication method and device applied to a bus coupler, and the specific technical solutions adopted are as follows: An embodiment of this application provides a communication method applied to a bus coupler, including the following steps: Obtain each communication data frame during the communication process of the bus coupler; Divide each data frame into a rising edge, a falling edge and a high-level interval according to the waveform change and mutation situation of each data frame. Respectively, according to the deviation situation of each data in each rising edge and falling edge, and the correlation relationship between each rising edge, falling edge and its adjacent rising edge and falling edge, obtain the distortion jitter coefficient of each rising edge and falling edge; Extract the peaks and valleys of each high-level interval. Through the data deviation degree within the wave widths where each peak and valley are located in the high-level interval and the oscillation delay degree of the high-level interval, obtain the abnormal values with local irregular oscillation and delay characteristics of each high level; Obtain each feature vector through the distortion jitter coefficient of each rising edge and falling edge and the abnormal value corresponding to each high level. According to the average level of the modulus values of all feature vectors of each data frame and the similarity degree between different feature vectors, obtain the perturbation value of each data frame affected by electromagnetic interference and signal reflection; Determine the correction processing of each data frame during the communication process of the bus coupler according to the perturbation value.

[0005] Preferably, the method for dividing the rising edge, falling edge, and high-level interval is as follows: Fit each data frame, count the slopes at all points on the fitting curve corresponding to each data frame, and extract the mutation points among all the slope values of each data frame. Use the mutation points as the segmentation points to divide each data frame into each interval. The interval with an average slope greater than 0 is used as the rising edge of each data frame, the interval with an average slope less than 0 is used as the falling edge of each data frame, and the interval with an average slope of 0 and corresponding data greater than 0 is used as the high-level interval of each data frame.

[0006] Preferably, the calculation method for the distortion jitter coefficient of each rising edge and falling edge is as follows: For any data frame, the distortion jitter coefficient of its i-th rising edge is calculated by the formula: ; where, calculate the minimum Euclidean distance between each data in the i-th rising edge and the corresponding fitting curve, and take the mean of the minimum Euclidean distances corresponding to all data in the i-th rising edge as the first mean of the i-th rising edge; according to the correlation degree between the i-th rising edge and the data slopes of its previous and subsequent rising edges, and combining with the data change fluctuation situation of the i-th rising edge, obtain the first fluctuation degree of the i-th rising edge; Correspondingly, obtain the distortion jitter coefficient of the i-th falling edge of any data frame.

[0007] Preferably, calculate the mean of the Pearson correlation coefficients between the data slopes of the i-th rising edge and its previous and subsequent rising edges, calculate the standard deviation of the first-order difference sequence of all data slopes of the i-th rising edge, and take the product of the mean corresponding to the i-th rising edge and the standard deviation as .

[0008] Preferably, the process for obtaining the outliers with local irregular oscillation and delay characteristics of each high level is as follows: Record the high-level interval adjacent to the i-th rising edge as the i-th high level. The outlier with local irregular oscillation and delay characteristics of the i-th high level is calculated by the formula: ; in the formula, is the oscillation amplitude coefficient of the i-th high-level interval. Calculate the range of data within the corresponding wave width of each peak and valley in the i-th high-level interval, and take the sum of all the ranges as the oscillation amplitude coefficient of the i-th high-level interval;

[0009] Preferably, the obtaining of the oscillation delay coefficient further includes: taking the position of the first data in the i-th high-level interval as the initial high-level point, and taking the end position of the i-th rising edge as the rising-edge end point, and calculating the difference between the corresponding times of the initial high-level point and the rising-edge end point as the oscillation delay coefficient of the i-th high-level interval.

[0010] Preferably, the process of obtaining each feature vector is: forming the i-th feature vector of each data frame from the distortion jitter coefficients of the i-th rising edge and the i-th falling edge of each data frame, and the outlier corresponding to the i-th high level.

[0011] Preferably, the calculation method of the perturbation values of each data frame affected by electromagnetic interference and signal reflection is: For any data frame, the calculation formula of its corresponding perturbation value is: , where M is the perturbation value corresponding to the any data frame, P is the mean of the norms of all feature vectors of the any data frame, exp() represents the exponential function with the natural constant as the base, and Q is the mean of the cosine similarities between any two feature vectors of the any data frame.

[0012] Preferably, the determination of the correction process of each data frame in the communication process of the bus coupler further includes: Normalize the perturbation value corresponding to the data frame. If the normalization result is greater than or equal to the preset threshold, perform correction processing on the data frame waveform, otherwise do not perform correction processing on the data frame waveform.

[0013] The embodiment of the present application also provides a communication device applied to a bus coupler, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and running on the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the steps of the above-mentioned communication method applied to a bus coupler.

[0014] As can be seen from the above, a communication method and device applied to a bus coupler provided by the present application have at least the following beneficial effects: The present application takes into account the possible influence degree in the communication process of the bus coupler, deeply analyzes the abnormal jitter amplitude, change rate difference and overall instability characteristics of the data frame waveform at the rising and falling edges, and at the same time analyzes the local irregular oscillation of the high level and the delay characteristics of reaching the high level. Its beneficial effect is to accurately reflect the specific abnormal characteristics of the data frame under the perturbed state; further considering the change relationship of the overall abnormal characteristics in the data frame, calculating the perturbation values of electromagnetic interference and signal reflection, and then evaluating whether to perform data correction, which helps to improve the communication quality of the bus coupler. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions and advantages in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the accompanying drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0016] Figure 1 It is a flowchart of the steps of a communication method applied to a bus coupler provided by the present application. Detailed implementation manners

[0017] In order to further elaborate on the technical means and effects adopted by the present application to achieve the intended invention purpose, the following will, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, detail the specific implementation manners, structures, features, and effects of a communication method and device applied to a bus coupler proposed according to the present application. In the following description, different "one embodiment" or "another embodiment" do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. In addition, the specific features, structures, or characteristics in one or more embodiments can be combined in any suitable form.

[0018] Unless otherwise specified and limited, terms such as "including", "comprising", or any other variant thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a circuit structure, article, or device including a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not explicitly listed, or further includes elements inherent to such article or device. Without further limitation, an element defined by the statement "including one..." does not exclude the existence of another identical element in the article or device including the element. In addition, the term "and / or" used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the related listed items. All technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the technical field to which the present application belongs.

[0019] The following will specifically describe the specific solutions of a communication method and device applied to a bus coupler provided by the present application in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0020] Please refer to Figure 1 , which shows a flowchart of the steps of a communication method applied to a bus coupler provided by an embodiment of the present application, including the following steps: Step 1: Obtain the waveforms of each communication data frame during the communication process of the bus coupler.

[0021] Each module in the bus coupler includes an air switch, a communication interface, a signal output interface, and a PLC component. Among them, the air switch is an automatic protection electrical appliance, and its main function is to achieve overload, short-circuit, and under-voltage protection of the circuit. When an abnormal current appears in the circuit, such as a short circuit or overload, the air switch can automatically cut off the circuit, protecting the entire bus coupler device and the connected lines and equipment from damage, avoiding the expansion of the fault range, and ensuring the safe operation of the system. The communication interface is responsible for data interaction with other devices or systems, follows a specific communication protocol, can send the data collected by the bus coupler, and at the same time receives instructions and data from other devices or the host computer, realizing two-way information transmission, ensuring the information flow in the control system, and enabling each part to work in coordination. The signal output interface is used to output the signals processed by the bus coupler to external execution devices. These output signals can be used to control the actions of external devices, such as driving motors, controlling solenoid valves, sending signals to indicator lights, etc., converting the control instructions received by the bus coupler into actual device operations, and realizing effective management and control of on-site devices. As the control core, the PLC performs logical operations, judgments, and processing on the input signals, and then issues corresponding control signals through the output interface of the bus coupler to achieve precise control of the automation system. Each module cooperates with each other to meet the requirements of signal acquisition, processing, and control in different application scenarios, expanding the functions and application scope of the bus coupler.

[0022] The communication method of the bus coupler generally includes the following steps: initialization, connection establishment, data transmission, data processing, and error detection.

[0023] First, for the initialization process, after being powered on, the bus coupler will set its network parameters, such as IP address, subnet mask, gateway address, etc., according to the pre-set configuration file or the configuration information issued by the master station, to ensure that it can correctly identify itself in the connected network and communicate with other devices. Then, communication parameter settings are carried out. According to the type of bus and device requirements connected, communication parameters such as baud rate, data bits, stop bits, and parity bits are set to ensure that the communication parameters of the master station and slave station devices are consistent, thereby establishing a stable communication link.

[0024] The master station actively sends a connection request to the bus coupler according to the corresponding communication protocol and the address information of the bus coupler. After receiving the request, the bus coupler conducts an authentication and parameter negotiation process. If the authentication passes and the parameters match, it establishes a connection with the master station and sends a response message indicating the connection is successful. The bus coupler scans the connected slave devices, identifies and records the address, device type, and communication protocol information of each slave device. Different communication buses may adopt different communication protocols. In this embodiment, taking the DP (DisplayPort) protocol as an example, in DP protocol communication, each data frame contains a frame header, a data part, and a frame tail, and the length of each data frame is the same in the DP protocol.

[0025] After the connection is established, data transmission can be carried out. The master station organizes the data to be sent to the slave device into data frames according to the communication protocol. The data frames contain information such as the address of the target slave device, the data content, and the check code. Then, the data frames are sent to the bus coupler through the communication bus. After receiving the data frames, the bus coupler first conducts an integrity check and verification on the data frames, such as checking whether the frame header and frame tail are correct and whether the check code matches. If the data frames are correct, the bus coupler forwards the data to the corresponding slave device according to the target address information in the data frames. After receiving the data forwarded by the bus coupler, the slave device parses and processes the data. The bus coupler plays a role in data forwarding between the master station and the slave device, ensuring that data can be correctly transmitted between different communication media and protocols.

[0026] As a key component connecting different devices or networks, the reliability and accuracy of the communication of the bus coupler are crucial for the stable operation of the entire system. During data transmission, it communicates in units of data frames, organizing the data in a specific format to ensure reliable transmission and processing in the communication system. The data frames are represented by high and low level signals. Ideally, the voltages of the high and low levels should remain stable, but in actual communication, the level amplitude may change due to factors such as noise, power fluctuations, or transmission line characteristics. To monitor the communication quality in real time, in this embodiment, a bus tester is used to collect the waveforms of the data frames to accurately evaluate the communication status and detect problems in a timely manner. In this embodiment, the sampling frequency is set to 100HZ. Thus, the waveforms of each communication data frame can be obtained, and then the waveform characteristics of each data frame can be analyzed and processed.

[0027] Step 2: Divide each data frame into a rising edge, a falling edge, and a high-level interval according to the waveform changes and mutations of each data frame. Respectively, according to the deviation of each data in the rising edge and falling edge, and the correlation between each rising edge and falling edge and its adjacent rising edges and falling edges, obtain the distortion and jitter coefficients of each rising edge and falling edge.

[0028] During the data transmission process, electromagnetic radiation in the surrounding environment and interference from signal reflections may cause distortion of the transmitted data frames, thereby affecting the communication quality. Specifically, distortion jitter may occur in the rising edge where the waveform in the data frame changes from low level to high level, or in the falling edge where the waveform changes from high level to low level. Taking the rising edge as an example, under normal circumstances, the waveform should smoothly transition from a stable low level to a high level. However, when there is distortion jitter, the greater the abnormal jitter amplitude of the rising edge waveform, the lower its smoothness, and the distorted waveform is unstable on the time scale, with differences in the change rates of different rising edges, while the normal waveform is stable in time and the overall change rate of the rising edge is relatively consistent. To analyze the above characteristics, first, it is necessary to divide the rising and falling edges of the data frame. In this embodiment, polynomial fitting technology is used to fit the collected data frame, and then the slopes at all points on the fitting curve are obtained. At both ends of the rising edge and falling edge parts, since there are abrupt changes in the slopes corresponding to the fitting curve, in this embodiment, the Pettitt mutation point detection algorithm is used to obtain the mutation points among all the slopes of a single data frame. Taking the mutation points of this data frame as the segmentation points, the data frame is divided into each interval. The interval where the average value of the corresponding slope is greater than 0 is used as the rising edge of this data frame, the interval where the average value of the corresponding slope is less than 0 is used as the falling edge of this data frame, and the interval where the average value of the slope is 0 and the corresponding waveform data is greater than 0 is used as the high level interval of this data frame.

[0029] To obtain the smoothness characteristics of the data frame changes, in this embodiment, the data fluctuation smoothness of each rising edge and falling edge will be analyzed. Specifically, for the i-th rising edge of any data frame, the minimum Euclidean distance between each item of data in this rising edge and the corresponding fitting curve is calculated respectively, and the mean value of all the minimum Euclidean distances is used as the first mean value of the i-th rising edge , the obtained The larger it is, the less smooth the change of this rising edge is, and the greater the abnormal jitter amplitude.

[0030] To obtain the difference characteristics of the waveform change rate of the data frame, calculate the mean value of the Pearson correlation coefficients between the corresponding data slopes of the i-th rising edge and its previous and subsequent rising edges. This mean value reflects the difference characteristics of the change rate between this rising edge and its neighboring rising edges. Then, calculate the standard deviation of the first-order difference sequence of all the data slopes of the i-th rising edge. This standard deviation reflects the unstable characteristics of the change rate of the rising edge on the time scale. Further, the product of the mean value corresponding to the i-th rising edge and the standard deviation is used as the first fluctuation value of the i-th rising edge , the obtained reflects the difference characteristics between the change rates of neighboring rising edges and the unstable characteristics on the time scale.

[0031] Further, in this embodiment, for any data frame, calculate the distortion jitter coefficient of its i-th rising edge , preferably, the specific calculation formula is: , and the obtained reflects the abnormal jitter amplitude, the difference in change rate, and the overall uneven characteristics of the waveform of the i-th rising edge in the communication data frame.

[0032] For the falling edges in the data frame, the distortion jitter coefficients of each falling edge can be calculated using the same steps as above.

[0033] Step 3: Extract the peaks and valleys in each high-level interval. By the degree of data deviation within the wave widths where the peaks and valleys are located in the high-level interval and the oscillation delay degree of the high-level interval, obtain the abnormal values with local irregular oscillation and delay characteristics for each high level.

[0034] Further, under the influence of electromagnetic interference and signal reflection, in addition to the abnormal jitter characteristics existing in the rising and falling processes, there are local irregular oscillations at the initial stage of the high-level waveform in the data frame, forming structures similar to small spikes and depressions. And after the rising edge ends, the data frame does not immediately enter the high-level state, but reaches the high level after a short oscillation. In the waveform of a normal data frame, the transition between the rising edge and the high level is more obvious in a vertical state, and there is no obvious fluctuation in the high-level part. And the more severely affected by electromagnetic interference and signal reflection, the greater the degree of spikes and depressions shown.

[0035] Therefore, in this embodiment, the high-level interval adjacent to the i-th rising edge is denoted as the i-th high level. This embodiment uses an automatic multi-scale peak search algorithm to obtain the positions of all peaks and valleys in the i-th high level, and the obtained peaks and valleys are randomly distributed on the high level. Then, calculate the range of data within the corresponding wave widths of each peak and valley in the i-th high-level interval respectively, and take the sum of all the ranges in the i-th high-level interval as the oscillation amplitude coefficient of the i-th high-level interval, denoted as , and the obtained reflects the degree of irregular oscillation of the i-th high level in the data frame with small spike and depression structures.

[0036] In addition, due to a certain degree of irregular oscillation at the initial stage of the high level, after the rising edge ends, it does not immediately enter the high-level state, but enters the high level after a period of oscillation delay. Take the position of the first data in the i-th high-level interval as the initial high-level point, and take the end position of the i-th rising edge as the rising-edge end point. Then, calculate the difference in the corresponding time between the initial high-level point and the rising-edge end point, and use it as the oscillation delay coefficient of the i-th high-level interval, denoted as , the larger the oscillation delay coefficient of the $i$-th high-level interval, the higher the delay degree to reach the $i$-th high level due to oscillation.

[0037] Furthermore, calculate the outlier of the $i$-th high level with local irregular oscillation and delay characteristics. The specific calculation formula in this embodiment is , and the obtained The larger it is, the more obvious the local irregular oscillation of the $i$-th high level in the data frame and the delay characteristics to reach the high level.

[0038] So far, according to the above process of this embodiment, the abnormal characteristics of each rising edge, falling edge and high-level interval in the data frame under the influence of electromagnetic interference and signal reflection can be obtained.

[0039] Step 4: Obtain each feature vector through the distortion jitter coefficient of each rising edge and falling edge and the above-mentioned outlier corresponding to each high level. According to the average level of the modulus values of all feature vectors of each data frame and the similarity degree between different feature vectors, obtain the perturbation value of each data frame affected by electromagnetic interference and signal reflection.

[0040] The data frame of communication transmission changes cyclically from low level to high level and then to low level. The abnormal state of the overall change of its data frame waveform reflects the degree of influence on the communication. Thus, in this embodiment, for any data frame, the distortion jitter coefficient of the $i$-th rising edge, the $i$-th falling edge of the data frame and the outlier corresponding to the $i$-th high level are combined to form the $i$-th feature vector, denoted as . The values in reflect the abnormal characteristics of the data frame waveform in different intervals. If the overall abnormal state of the data frame is more obvious, it means that the degree of interference during transmission is greater, the modulus of each feature vector in the data frame is larger, and the similarity degree is relatively low. While the ideal data frame waveform has no obvious abnormalities above, the modulus corresponding to the obtained feature vector is smaller, and the similarity degree between each feature vector is relatively high. Thus, for a certain data frame among them, calculate the modulus of each feature vector in it and the cosine similarity between any two feature vectors respectively.

[0041] Furthermore, for any data frame, calculate the perturbation value of this data frame affected by electromagnetic interference and signal reflection. The specific calculation formula of the perturbation value is: , where $M$ is the perturbation value corresponding to the any data frame, $P$ is the mean value of the moduli of all feature vectors of the any data frame, $\exp()$ represents the exponential function with the natural constant as the base, and $Q$ is the mean value of the cosine similarities between any two feature vectors of the any data frame. The larger the obtained $M$ is, the greater the degree of influence of this data frame by electromagnetic interference and signal reflection.

[0042] So far, the perturbation values corresponding to each data frame are obtained. The perturbation values reflect the degree of signal abnormality in the communication process of the bus coupler due to electromagnetic interference and signal reflection. The larger the perturbation value, the lower the communication quality, and the more necessary it is to correct the waveform of the data frame.

[0043] Step Five: Determine the correction process of each data frame in the communication process of the bus coupler according to the perturbation value.

[0044] Furthermore, in this embodiment, a signal amplifier and a filter are used for signal correction. The signal amplifier increases the signal intensity, enabling the receiving end to more clearly distinguish between high and low levels, and compensating for the distorted waveform of the data frame, making the rise time and fall time closer to the requirements of the original signal, thereby ensuring the integrity of the data frame waveform. The filter shapes the waveform of the data frame to a certain extent, for example, filling in the dents that appear at the top of the signal to make the waveform closer to the ideal shape, while suppressing the spikes and jitters of the waveform to obtain a clearer data frame. It should be noted that the specific process of using the signal amplifier and the filter to correct the waveform of the data frame is a well-known technology and will not be elaborated in this embodiment.

[0045] Therefore, in the process of signal correction of the data frame in this embodiment, perturbation analysis is performed on the waveform signal of the data frame in combination with the perturbation value to determine whether correction is required. Specifically, the sigmoid function is used to normalize the perturbation value corresponding to the data frame. The specific normalization process is a prior art and will not be elaborated in this embodiment. If the obtained normalized result is greater than or equal to the preset threshold , then the signal amplifier and the filter are used to correct the waveform of the data frame. The preset threshold is set to 0.7. If the obtained normalized result is less than , then no correction is made to the waveform of the data frame. Based on the above method and process of this embodiment, the communication quality of the bus coupler can be improved.

[0046] During the data transmission process, the bus coupler performs cache management on the received and transmitted data. When the data traffic is large or the communication link experiences a short-term congestion, data caching can prevent data loss and ensure the complete transmission of data. At the same time, the bus coupler manages and schedules the cached data, sending it according to a certain priority and order to meet the real-time requirements of different devices. The bus coupler monitors the status of data transmission in real time during communication, including the integrity of data frames, whether the checksum is correct, communication timeouts, etc. For the detected error data, the bus coupler takes different handling methods according to the error type and severity. For minor errors, such as single-bit errors, they can be corrected through error correction algorithms; for serious errors, such as data frame loss or communication interruption, the bus coupler sends an error report to the master station and performs operations such as retransmission or re-establishing a connection according to the preset strategy to resume communication as soon as possible. At the same time, the bus coupler records the error information for subsequent fault diagnosis and analysis.

[0047] Based on the same inventive concept as the above method, an embodiment of the present application also provides a communication device applied to a bus coupler, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and running on the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the steps of any one of the above-mentioned communication methods applied to a bus coupler.

[0048] It can be understood that the above sequence of embodiments of the present application is only for description and does not represent the superiority or inferiority of the embodiments. And the above describes specific embodiments of this specification. Additionally, the processes depicted in the drawings do not necessarily require the specific order or continuous order shown to achieve the desired results. In some embodiments, multitasking and parallel processing are also possible or may be advantageous.

[0049] Each embodiment in this specification is described in a progressive manner. The same or similar parts among the embodiments can be referred to each other, and the key point of each embodiment is to illustrate the differences from other embodiments.

[0050] The above content is only the implementation manner of the present application and is not used to limit the scope of the present application. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made using the content of the specification and drawings of the present application, directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, is equally included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A communication method applied to a bus coupler, characterized in that, Including the following steps: Obtain each communication data frame during the communication process of the bus coupler; Divide each data frame into rising edges, falling edges, and high-level intervals according to the waveform changes and mutations of each data frame. Respectively, according to the deviation of each data in the rising edges and falling edges, and the correlation between each rising edge and falling edge and its adjacent rising edges and falling edges, obtain the distortion jitter coefficient of each rising edge and falling edge; Extract the peaks and valleys of each high-level interval. Through the data deviation degree within the wave widths where the peaks and valleys are located in the high-level interval and the oscillation delay degree of the high-level interval, obtain the outliers with local irregular oscillation and delay characteristics for each high level; Obtain each eigenvector through the distortion jitter coefficient of each rising edge and falling edge and the outliers corresponding to each high level. According to the average level of the modulus values of all eigenvectors of each data frame and the similarity degree between different eigenvectors, obtain the perturbation values of each data frame affected by electromagnetic interference and signal reflection; Judge the correction process of each data frame during the communication process of the bus coupler according to the perturbation value; 2. The communication method applied to a bus coupler according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method for dividing the rising edges, falling edges, and high-level intervals is as follows: Perform fitting on each data frame, count the slopes at all points on the fitting curve corresponding to each data frame, and extract the mutation points among all slope values of each data frame. Use the mutation points as segmentation points to divide each data frame into each interval. The interval with an average slope greater than 0 is used as the rising edge of each data frame, the interval with an average slope less than 0 is used as the falling edge of each data frame, and the interval with an average slope of 0 and corresponding data greater than 0 is used as the high-level interval of each data frame; 3. The communication method applied to a bus coupler according to claim 2, characterized in that, The calculation method of the distortion jitter coefficient of each rising edge and falling edge is as follows: For any data frame, the distortion jitter coefficient of its i-th rising edge is calculated by the formula: ; Among them, calculate the minimum Euclidean distance between each data in the i-th rising edge and the corresponding fitting curve, and use the mean value of the minimum Euclidean distances corresponding to all data in the i-th rising edge as the first mean value of the i-th rising edge ; Obtain the first fluctuation degree of the i-th rising edge according to the correlation degree of the i-th rising edge with its previous and subsequent rising edges regarding the data slope, and combine the data change fluctuation situation of the i-th rising edge ; Correspondingly, obtain the distortion jitter coefficient of the i-th falling edge of any data frame; 4. The communication method applied to a bus coupler according to claim 3, wherein, Calculate the mean of the Pearson correlation coefficients between the data slopes corresponding to the i-th rising edge and its previous and subsequent rising edges, calculate the standard deviation of the first-order difference sequence of all data slopes of the i-th rising edge, and use the product of the mean corresponding to the i-th rising edge and the standard deviation as .

5. The communication method applied to a bus coupler according to claim 1, wherein The process of obtaining the outliers with local irregular oscillation and delay characteristics for each high level is as follows: The high-level interval adjacent to the i-th rising edge is denoted as the i-th high level, and the i-th high level has outliers with local irregular oscillation and delay characteristics The calculation method is as follows: ; In the formula, is the oscillation amplitude coefficient of the i-th high-level interval. Calculate the range of data of each peak and valley within the i-th high-level interval within their corresponding pulse widths, and use the sum of all the ranges as the oscillation amplitude coefficient of the i-th high-level interval; is the oscillation delay coefficient of the i-th high-level interval.

6. The communication method for a bus coupler according to claim 5, characterized in that, The obtaining of the oscillation delay coefficient further includes: taking the position of the first data in the i-th high-level interval as the initial high-level point, and taking the end position of the i-th rising edge as the rising edge end point, and calculating the difference at the corresponding moment between the initial high-level point and the rising edge end point as the oscillation delay coefficient of the i-th high-level interval; 7. A communication method applied to a bus coupler according to claim 1, characterized in that The process of obtaining each eigenvector is as follows: combining the distortion jitter coefficient of the i-th rising edge and the i-th falling edge of each data frame, and the outlier corresponding to the i-th high level, to form the i-th eigenvector of each data frame; 8. A communication method applied to a bus coupler according to claim 1, characterized in that, The calculation method of the perturbation value of each data frame affected by electromagnetic interference and signal reflection is as follows: For any data frame, the calculation formula for its corresponding perturbation value is as follows: , where M is the perturbation value corresponding to the any data frame, P is the mean of the norms of all feature vectors of the any data frame, exp() represents the exponential function with the natural constant as the base, and Q is the mean of the cosine similarities between any two feature vectors of the any data frame.

9. The communication method applied to a bus coupler according to claim 1, characterized in that, The judgment of the correction process of each data frame during the communication process of the bus coupler further includes: Normalize the perturbation value corresponding to the data frame. If the normalization result is greater than or equal to the preset threshold, perform correction processing on the data frame waveform, otherwise do not perform correction processing on the data frame waveform; 10. A communication device applied to a bus coupler, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and running on the processor, characterized in that, When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the steps of a communication method applied to a bus coupler as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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