Seed screening device
By introducing a variable diameter spiral conveying shaft and spiral blade design in the drum screening machine, the repeated screening problem caused by uneven feed in bean seed screening is solved, efficient seed screening and fluidity are achieved, and screening costs are reduced.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510576297.4
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-05-06
- Publication Date
- 2025-07-18
- Estimated Expiration
- Not applicable · inactive patent
AI Technical Summary
During the legume seed screening process, the existing roller screening machine cannot effectively remove shriveled and damaged seeds due to uneven feeding, which increases screening costs and labor input.
A seed screening device is designed, using a cylindrical screening machine and a first screw conveyor. Through the variable diameter design of the screw conveyor shaft and the dense setting of the spiral blades, the uniform distribution and fluidity of the bean seeds are avoided, and effective screening is achieved.
The probability of repeated screening caused by uneven feeding of the roller screening machine is reduced, the screening efficiency is improved, seed accumulation and blockage is reduced, and the screening process is carried out smoothly.
Smart Images
Figure CN120325521A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of seed screening, and specifically to a seed screening device. Background Art
[0002] Bean seeds carry the genetic material of plants and are carriers of genetic diversity. Therefore, bean seeds are the basis of crop production. However, shriveled and damaged seeds often exist in the harvested bean seeds. Among them, shriveled seeds may have a low germination rate due to lack of sufficient nutrient reserves, thus affecting the emergence rate. Damaged seeds may not germinate normally due to damage. In addition, if the emergence of shriveled and damaged seeds is uneven or seedlings are missing, reseeding may be required, which will increase the planting cost and labor input. To ensure the healthy growth and high yield of crops, it is very necessary to screen the seeds before planting to remove shriveled and damaged seeds.
[0003] In the prior art, a drum screening machine is usually used to remove shriveled and damaged seeds from bean seeds. This is because shriveled and broken seeds are generally light in weight and will be first screened out by the sieve on the drum under the action of centrifugal force, while seeds with large particle size and heavy weight will flow forward along the slope of the drum and be screened out. However, when the feeding of bean seeds is uneven, the residence time of bean seeds in the drum screening machine is insufficient and exceeds the load of the drum screening machine, which cannot ensure the effective separation of shriveled and damaged seeds. Therefore, secondary screening is required. Thus, a design is needed to reduce the repeated screening problem caused by accidental uneven feeding of the drum screening machine. Summary of the Invention
[0004] Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a seed screening device to reduce the probability of repeated screening caused by accidental uneven feeding of the drum screening machine.
[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A seed screening device, comprising: a cylindrical screening machine and a frame. The cylindrical screening machine is horizontally installed on the frame. The cylindrical screening machine includes a housing. Both ends of the housing are rotatably connected with hollow bases. A feeding port is provided on one hollow base, and a discharging port is provided on the other hollow base. A plurality of apertures are formed on the housing, and the size of each aperture is smaller than the average particle size of bean seeds. The housing is driven by a belt through a first driving component. It further includes a first screw conveyor for evenly distributing bean seeds. The first screw conveyor includes:
[0006] A first screw conveyor shaft, which horizontally penetrates through one hollow base and extends into the housing and is rotatably connected with the other hollow base. And the shaft diameter of the first screw conveyor shaft gradually increases from the feeding port to the discharging port so as to change the flow rate and residence time of bean seeds.
[0007] The first conveying blade is wound around the first screw conveyor shaft;
[0008] The second driving assembly is connected to the first screw conveyor shaft and is used to rotate the first screw conveyor shaft.
[0009] Preferably, the pitch of the first conveying blade on the first screw conveyor shaft is arranged from dense to sparse along the axial length direction.
[0010] Preferably, the distance between the first conveying blade and the inner wall of the casing is 20 mm to 25 mm.
[0011] Preferably, the distance between two adjacent first conveying blades among the first conveying blades densely distributed is 50 mm to 80 mm, and the distance between two adjacent first conveying blades among the first conveying blades sparsely distributed is 100 mm to 300 mm.
[0012] Preferably, the ratio of the diameters of the two end portions of the first screw conveyor shaft is 4:5.
[0013] Preferably, a bean seed feed bin is provided at the feed port. A second screw conveyor is provided in the bean seed feed bin. The second screw conveyor includes a second screw conveyor shaft. The second screw conveyor shaft is arranged vertically in the bean seed feed bin, and a second conveying blade is wound around the second screw conveyor shaft. The second screw conveyor shaft is connected to a third driving member through a gear transmission.
[0014] Preferably, the bean seed feed bin is a cylindrical reduced-diameter bin body, and the inner diameter of the bean seed feed bin gradually decreases from top to bottom, and the second conveying blade is wound around the second screw conveyor in a manner matching the inner diameter of the bean seed feed bin.
[0015] Preferably, the support height of the frame gradually decreases from the feed port to the discharge port direction, so that the casing is inclined on the frame.
[0016] Preferably, the inclination angle of the casing with respect to the horizontal line is 5° to 10°.
[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
[0018] The seed screening device provided by the present invention reduces the probability of repeated screening caused by uneven feeding of the accidental drum screening machine. When the first driving component drives the casing to rotate and simultaneously starts the second driving component to rotate, the first spiral conveyor shaft rotates. The bean seeds fed into the casing through the feed port can be evenly distributed during the screening process by the rotation of the first spiral conveyor shaft. It can effectively prevent the accumulation of seeds in the drum, ensure the smooth progress of the screening process, and as the diameter of the first spiral conveyor shaft gradually increases from the feed port to the discharge port and the inner diameter of the casing gradually narrows, the first spiral conveyor shaft can help the material move smoothly towards the outlet direction, ensuring the effective sorting of the material according to the requirements of the sieve mesh. In addition, the variable diameter design of the first spiral conveyor shaft also affects the flow rate and residence time of the bean seeds, and can reduce the problem of repeated screening caused by uneven feeding of the accidental drum screening machine. At the same time, the cooperation of the variable diameter design and the spiral conveyor rod helps to keep the bean seeds fluid during the screening process, reducing the decline in screening efficiency caused by the accumulation or blockage of the bean seeds, especially when dealing with a large number of seeds. Description of the Drawings
[0019] Figure 1 is the overall schematic diagram of a seed screening device of the present invention Figure 1 ;
[0020] Figure 2 is the overall schematic diagram of a seed screening device of the present invention Figure 2 ;
[0021] Figure 3 is the overall schematic diagram of a seed screening device of the present invention Figure 3 ;
[0022] Figure 4 is the overall schematic diagram of a seed screening device of the present invention Figure 4 .
[0023] Description of the Reference Numerals:
[0024] 1, frame; 2, casing; 3, hollow base; 4, first spiral conveyor shaft; 5, first conveying blade; 6, bean seed feed bin; 7, second spiral conveyor. Detailed Embodiments
[0025] In order to make the above objects, features, and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more obvious and understandable, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present application.
[0026] The inventors found that a drum sieve is another device commonly used for screening shriveled and small seeds. Through the drum sieve mesh, shriveled and broken seeds can be effectively separated. This method is suitable for batch processing and is used to reduce the mixing of shriveled seeds and small seeds with normal seeds. However, since the length of the drum is fixed and the rotational speed of the drum is also set according to reasonable separation, when the feeding is uneven, it will cause the residence time of bean seeds in the drum sieve to be insufficient and exceed the load of the drum sieve, resulting in the inability to fully screen the bean seeds, and thus the effective removal of shriveled and broken seeds in the bean seeds cannot be achieved. This is because bean seeds need enough time to roll and move in the drum to be separated according to their characteristics such as size, shape, and density. If the residence time of bean seeds in the drum is insufficient, they may not have enough time to pass through the sieve holes or be separated into different areas, resulting in incomplete screening.
[0027] Therefore, to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a seed screening device to reduce the repeated screening problem caused by accidental uneven feeding of the drum sieve.
[0028] The following refers to Figures 1 to 4 Describe a seed screening device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
[0029] Referring to Figures 1 to 4 , the present invention provides a seed screening device including: a cylindrical screening machine and a frame 1. The cylindrical screening machine is horizontally installed on the frame 1. The cylindrical screening machine includes a casing 2. Both ends of the casing 2 are rotatably connected to hollow bases 3. A feeding port is provided on one hollow base 3, and a discharging port is provided on the other hollow base 3. A plurality of apertures are formed in the casing 2, and the size of each aperture is smaller than the average particle size of bean seeds, so that only shriveled and damaged seeds can pass through the plurality of apertures. The casing 2 is driven by a belt by a first driving assembly. It further includes a first screw conveyor for evenly distributing bean seeds. The first screw conveyor includes:
[0030] A first screw conveyor shaft 4, which horizontally penetrates through one hollow base 3 and extends into the casing 2 and is rotatably connected to the other hollow base 3. The shaft diameter of the first screw conveyor shaft 4 gradually increases from the feeding port to the discharging port so as to change the flow rate and residence time of bean seeds;
[0031] First conveying blades 5, which are wound around the first screw conveyor shaft 4;
[0032] A second driving assembly, which is connected to the first screw conveyor shaft 4 and is used to rotate the first screw conveyor shaft 4. The second driving assembly is a driving motor.
[0033] The first driving component includes a driving motor and a belt. The driving motor is arranged on the frame 1. A first pulley is fixed on the output shaft of the driving motor, while a second pulley is fixed on the outer wall of the casing 2. The first pulley and the second pulley are connected by a belt.
[0034] The leguminous seeds given here are the seeds of the legume family and can be used to separate soybeans, mung beans, red beans, black beans, etc. When separating soybean seeds, the sizes of the apertures need to be smaller than the average particle size of soybean seeds. The apertures of this particle size only allow shriveled and damaged seeds to pass through for screening soybean seeds.
[0035] During use, start the first driving component. The first driving component drives the casing 2 to rotate through the belt. At the same time, start the second driving component, then the first spiral conveyor shaft 4 rotates. The leguminous seeds fed into the casing 1 through the feed port can be evenly distributed during the screening process under the rotation of the first spiral conveyor shaft 4. It can effectively prevent the accumulation of seeds in the drum, ensure the smooth progress of the screening process, and as the diameter of the first spiral conveyor shaft 4 gradually increases from the feed port to the discharge port and the inner diameter of the casing 1 gradually narrows, the first spiral conveyor shaft 4 can help the material move smoothly towards the outlet direction, ensuring that the material is effectively sorted according to the requirements of the sieve mesh. In addition, the variable-diameter design of the first spiral conveyor shaft 4 will also affect the flow rate and residence time of the leguminous seeds, and can reduce the problem of repeated screening caused by uneven feeding of the occasional drum screening machine. At the same time, the cooperation of the variable-diameter design and the spiral conveyor rod helps to keep the leguminous seeds flowing during the screening process, reducing the decline in screening efficiency caused by the accumulation or blockage of leguminous seeds, especially when dealing with a large number of seeds.
[0036] Specifically, the first conveying blades 5 are arranged on the first spiral conveyor shaft 4 with the pitch gradually becoming sparser along the axial length direction, which can evenly distribute the material during the screening process. It can effectively prevent the accumulation of seeds in the drum and ensure the smooth progress of the screening process.
[0037] The first conveying blades 5 are arranged on the first spiral conveyor shaft 4 with the pitch gradually becoming sparser along the axial length direction. The motion state of the leguminous seeds will gradually change during the conveying process. At first, the denser first conveying blades 5 will provide a greater thrust to push the seeds forward. However, since the shriveled seeds are lighter in mass, they will stay in the first spiral conveyor for a longer time. When the gap between the first conveying blades 5 is larger, they will be easily separated. This "grading" type of separation can more effectively remove the shriveled seeds;
[0038] In the front section where the first conveying blades 5 are dense, larger and heavier seeds will be conveyed out earlier. Shriveled seeds are usually lighter and may be retained in the dense part of the first conveying blades 5. As the first conveying blades 5 gradually become sparser, they will be pushed towards the end, thus separating from normal seeds.
[0039] Since normal seeds are heavier and have a more regular shape, they will not be overly affected when moving in the first screw conveyor. The change of the first conveying blades 5 will not cause too much interference to them. Therefore, normal seeds can effectively pass through the variable-diameter part of the first conveying blades 5 and avoid being mixed with shriveled seeds.
[0040] Shriveled seeds are relatively light, and the dense part of the first conveying blades 5 will reduce their forward propulsion speed, while the sparser part helps the shedding and separation of shriveled seeds. Lightweight shriveled seeds are more likely to be removed in the sparser part of the first conveying blades 5 due to their relatively small weight and poor rolling performance. At the same time, the design of the first conveying blades 5 from dense to sparse not only helps to remove shriveled seeds, but also optimizes the fluidity of the whole seeds, reduces the friction between seeds, and avoids excessive compression or damage to the seeds. This makes the whole screening process smoother and reduces the mixing between normal seeds and shriveled seeds.
[0041] Specifically, the distance between the first conveying blades 5 and the inner wall of the casing 2 is 20 mm to 25 mm, which can make the materials of the seeds evenly distributed during the screening process. It can effectively prevent the accumulation of seeds in the drum and ensure the smooth progress of the screening process.
[0042] Specifically, the distance between two adjacent first conveying blades 5 in the densely distributed first conveying blades 5 is 50 mm to 80 mm, and the distance between two adjacent first conveying blades 5 in the sparsely distributed first conveying blades 5 is 100 mm to 300 mm, which can make the materials of the seeds evenly distributed during the screening process. It can effectively prevent the accumulation of seeds in the drum and ensure the smooth progress of the screening process.
[0043] Specifically, the ratio of the diameters of the two ends of the first screw conveyor shaft 4 is 4:5, which can make the materials of the seeds evenly distributed during the screening process. It can effectively prevent the accumulation of seeds in the drum and ensure the smooth progress of the screening process.
[0044] Specifically, a bean seed feed bin 6 is provided at the feed inlet. A second screw conveyor 7 is provided in the bean seed feed bin 6. The second screw conveyor 7 includes a second screw conveyor shaft. The second screw conveyor shaft is vertically arranged in the bean seed feed bin 6, and a second conveying blade is wound around the second screw conveyor shaft. The second screw conveyor shaft is connected to the third driving member through a gear transmission.
[0045] The third driving member here includes a motor, a rotating shaft, a driving gear and a driven gear. The motor is outside the bean seed feeding bin 6. The rotating shaft of the motor is fixedly connected to one end of the rotating shaft. The rotating shaft penetrates into the bean seed feeding bin 6, and a driving gear is fixed to the other end of the rotating shaft. The driven gear is fixed on the second screw conveyor shaft, and the driving gear meshes with the driven gear.
[0046] The second screw conveyor 7 can achieve uniform conveying, enabling the materials of the seeds to be evenly distributed during the screening process, and effectively preventing the accumulation of seeds in the drum.
[0047] Specifically, the bean seed feeding bin 6 is a cylindrical reduced-diameter bin body, and the inner diameter of the bean seed feeding bin 6 gradually decreases from top to bottom. The second conveying blade is wound around the second screw conveyor 7 and matches the inner diameter of the bean seed feeding bin 6.
[0048] The inner diameter of the bean seed feeding bin 6 gradually decreasing from top to bottom further enables the materials of the seeds to be evenly distributed during the screening process. When the diameter of the second conveying blade gradually decreases, the channel between the bean seed feeding bin 6 and the second conveying blade also gradually decreases, thereby being able to restrict the rapid falling of the bean seeds under the action of gravity, effectively reducing the falling speed of the seeds, and further effectively preventing the accumulation of seeds in the drum.
[0049] Specifically, the support height of the frame 1 gradually decreases from the feed inlet to the discharge outlet direction, so that the casing 2 is inclined on the frame 1.
[0050] Specifically, the inclination angle between the casing 2 and the horizontal line is 5° to 10°, which is used to enable the separated seeds to be quickly discharged. At the same time, the inclined setting is also beneficial to increasing the fluidity of the seeds, enabling the materials of the seeds to be evenly distributed during the screening process, effectively preventing the accumulation of seeds in the drum, and ensuring the smooth progress of the screening process.
[0051] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalent technologies, the present invention also intends to include these changes and modifications.
Claims
1. A seed screening device, comprising: A cylindrical screening machine and a frame (1), the cylindrical screening machine is horizontally installed on the frame (1), the cylindrical screening machine includes a housing (2), both ends of the housing (2) are rotatably connected with hollow bases (3), a feed port is provided on one hollow base (3), and a discharge port is provided on the other hollow base (3), a plurality of apertures are formed on the housing (2), and the size of each aperture is smaller than the average particle size of bean seeds. The housing (2) is driven by a belt with a first driving component. It is characterized in that it further includes a first screw conveyor for evenly distributing bean seeds, and the first screw conveyor includes: A first screw conveyor shaft (4) horizontally penetrates through a hollow base (3) and extends into the housing (2) and is rotatably connected with the other hollow base (3), and the shaft diameter of the first screw conveyor shaft (4) gradually increases from the feed port to the discharge port, so as to change the flow rate and residence time of bean seeds; A first conveying blade (5) is wound around the first screw conveyor shaft (4); A second driving component is connected to the first screw conveyor shaft (4) and is used to rotate the first screw conveyor shaft (4).
2. The seed screening device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pitch of the first conveying blade (5) on the first screw conveyor shaft (4) is arranged from dense to sparse along the axial length direction.
3. The seed screening device according to claim 1, wherein The distance between the first conveying blade (5) and the inner wall of the housing (2) is 20 mm to 25 mm.
4. The seed screening device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The distance between two adjacent first conveying blades (5) in the densely distributed first conveying blades (5) is 50 mm to 80 mm, and the distance between two adjacent first conveying blades (5) in the sparsely distributed first conveying blades (5) is 100 mm to 300 mm.
5. A seed screening device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ratio of the diameters of the two ends of the first screw conveyor shaft (4) is 4:
5.
6. The seed screening device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A bean seed feed bin (6) is provided on the feed port, and a second screw conveyor (7) is provided in the bean seed feed bin (6). The second screw conveyor (7) includes a second screw conveyor shaft. The second screw conveyor shaft is vertically arranged in the bean seed feed bin (6), and a second conveying blade is wound around the second screw conveyor shaft. The second screw conveyor shaft is connected to a third driving member through a gear transmission.
7. The seed screening device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The bean seed feed bin (6) is a cylindrical reduced-diameter bin body, and the inner diameter of the bean seed feed bin (6) gradually decreases from top to bottom, and the second conveying blade is wound around the second screw conveyor (7) to match the inner diameter of the bean seed feed bin (6).
8. A seed screening device according to claim 1, characterized in that The support height of the frame (1) gradually decreases from the feed port to the discharge port direction, so that the housing (2) is inclined on the frame (1).
9. A seed screening device according to claim 1, wherein, The inclination angle of the housing (2) with the horizontal line is 5° to 10°.