Hydrogen production system

Abstract

The present application discloses a hydrogen production system, which includes a liquid supply mechanism, an electrolytic hydrogen production mechanism, a power supply component, a monitoring component and a controller. The liquid supply mechanism includes a liquid storage tank, a liquid inlet channel and a liquid supply channel, and the liquid inlet channel is connected to the liquid storage tank. The electrolytic hydrogen production mechanism includes a hydrogen outlet channel, a reflux channel and multiple clusters of electrolytic stacks, each cluster of electrolytic stacks includes multiple electrolytic stacks, and the multiple electrolytic stacks in each cluster of electrolytic stacks are electrically connected in series, the liquid supply channel is connected between the liquid storage tank and each electrolytic stack, the hydrogen outlet channel is connected to each electrolytic stack, and the reflux channel is connected between the liquid storage tank and each electrolytic stack. The power supply component includes multiple power supplies, and each power supply is electrically connected to each cluster of electrolytic stacks in a one-to-one correspondence. The monitoring component includes multiple groups, and each group of monitoring components is set in a one-to-one correspondence with each electrolytic stack. The hydrogen production system of the present application solves the problem of excessively high maintenance costs of hydrogen production systems in the prior art.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of hydrogen production technology, and in particular to a hydrogen production system. Background Art

[0002] Existing electrolysis hydrogen production technologies include the use of solid polymer anion exchange membrane electrolysis (AEM) technology. AEM is usually implemented using a hydrogen production system, which includes an electrolysis stack. Hydrogen is produced by transporting electrolyte into the electrolysis stack and decomposing the electrolyte into hydrogen and oxygen in the electrolysis stack.

[0003] Existing hydrogen production systems employ multiple electrolytic stacks to increase hydrogen production per unit time. However, if one or more electrolytic stacks in a hydrogen production system fails, the entire system must be shut down for maintenance, resulting in excessively high maintenance costs. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The main purpose of this application is to provide a hydrogen production system to at least solve the problem of high maintenance cost of hydrogen production systems in the prior art.

[0005] According to one aspect of the present application, a hydrogen production system is provided, comprising:

[0006] A liquid supply mechanism, comprising a liquid storage tank, a liquid inlet channel and a liquid supply channel, wherein the liquid inlet channel is connected to the liquid storage tank;

[0007] An electrolytic hydrogen production mechanism, the electrolytic hydrogen production mechanism comprising a hydrogen outlet channel, a reflux channel, and multiple clusters of electrolytic stacks, each cluster of the electrolytic stacks comprising multiple electrolytic stacks, the multiple electrolytic stacks in each cluster of the electrolytic stacks being electrically connected in series, the liquid supply channel being connected between the liquid storage tank and each of the electrolytic stacks, the hydrogen outlet channel being connected to each of the electrolytic stacks, and the reflux channel being connected between the liquid storage tank and each of the electrolytic stacks;

[0008] A power supply assembly, comprising a plurality of power supplies, each of which is electrically connected to each cluster of electrolytic stacks in a one-to-one correspondence;

[0009] A monitoring component, comprising a plurality of groups, each group of monitoring components being provided in one-to-one correspondence with each of the electrolytic stacks, and the monitoring component being used at least to monitor whether the electrolytic stack is in a normal working state;

[0010] A controller is electrically connected to the monitoring component, and the controller is electrically connected to each of the power supplies. When the monitoring component detects that one or more of the electrolytic stacks in a cluster of the electrolytic stacks are in an abnormal working state, the controller controls the power supply to stop providing current to the electrolytic stacks in the cluster.

[0011] Furthermore, each group of monitoring components includes:

[0012] a temperature sensor, each of the temperature sensors being correspondingly disposed between the reflux channel and each of the electrolytic stacks, the temperature sensor being used to monitor the temperature of the electrolyte flowing out of the electrolytic stack; when the temperature sensor detects that the temperature of the electrolyte flowing out of the electrolytic stack exceeds a predetermined temperature range, the controller controls the power supply to stop providing current to the electrolytic stack of the cluster; and / or,

[0013] voltage sensors, each of which is correspondingly provided in each of the electrolytic cell stacks, and is used to monitor the operating voltage of the electrolytic cell stacks. When the voltage sensor detects that the operating voltage of the electrolytic cell stack exceeds a predetermined voltage range, the controller controls the power supply to stop providing current to the electrolytic cell stacks of the cluster; and / or,

[0014] A hydrogen sensor is provided in each electrolytic stack in a one-to-one correspondence, and the hydrogen sensor is used to monitor whether there is hydrogen outside the electrolytic stack. When the hydrogen sensor detects that there is hydrogen outside the electrolytic stack, the controller controls the power supply to stop providing current to the electrolytic stack of the cluster.

[0015] Furthermore, the reflux channel includes:

[0016] a mainstream return pipe, the mainstream return pipe being in communication with the liquid storage tank;

[0017] The branch return pipe includes multiple branch return pipes, and the multiple branch return pipes are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the multiple clusters of electrolytic stacks. Each branch return pipe includes a primary return pipe and multiple secondary return pipes connected to the primary return pipe. The primary return pipe is connected to the mainstream return pipe, and the multiple secondary return pipes are connected in a one-to-one correspondence with the multiple electrolytic stacks of the corresponding cluster. The temperature sensor is provided between each secondary return pipe and each corresponding electrolytic stack.

[0018] Furthermore, the electrolytic stack is provided with a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet;

[0019] Wherein, the electrolytic hydrogen production mechanism further includes an insulating pipe, which is arranged between the liquid outlet and the reflux channel; and / or,

[0020] The liquid supply mechanism further includes a flow limiting pipe, which is arranged between the liquid inlet and the liquid supply channel, wherein the maximum inner diameter of the flow limiting pipe is smaller than the minimum inner diameter of the liquid supply channel.

[0021] Furthermore, the ratio of the maximum inner diameter R1 of the flow-limiting pipe to the minimum inner diameter R of the liquid supply channel satisfies the relationship: 1.5≤R / R1≤2.0.

[0022] Furthermore, the electrolysis hydrogen production mechanism further includes a protective shell having a first inner wall surface, and the electrolysis stack is arranged in the protective shell and mounted on the first inner wall surface;

[0023] A first annular groove and a second annular groove are provided on the first inner wall surface and are arranged around the outer circumference of the electrolytic stack. The insulating pipe is embedded in the first annular groove, and the insulating pipe is spirally arranged along the depth direction of the first annular groove. The current limiting pipe is embedded in the second annular groove, and the current limiting pipe is spirally arranged along the depth direction of the second annular groove.

[0024] Furthermore, each group of the monitoring components includes a flow sensor, each of the flow sensors is correspondingly arranged between each of the liquid supply channels and each of the electrolytic stacks, and the flow sensor is used to monitor the flow of the electrolyte entering the electrolytic stack;

[0025] The liquid supply mechanism further includes a first control valve, which is disposed in the liquid supply channel and is electrically connected to the controller;

[0026] When the flow sensor detects that the flow of the electrolyte entering the electrolytic stack exceeds a first predetermined flow range, the controller controls the first control valve to adjust the flow of the electrolyte in the liquid supply channel.

[0027] Furthermore, the liquid supply mechanism further comprises a pump body, the pump body is arranged in the liquid supply channel, and the pump body is electrically connected to the controller;

[0028] When the flow sensors detect that the sum of the flow rates of the electrolyte entering the electrolytic stacks exceeds a second predetermined flow rate range, the controller controls the pump body to adjust the flow rate of the electrolyte in the liquid supply channel.

[0029] Furthermore, the liquid supply channel includes:

[0030] a main flow liquid supply pipeline, the main flow liquid supply pipeline being in communication with the liquid storage tank;

[0031] Branch liquid supply pipelines, the branch liquid supply pipelines include multiple branch liquid supply pipelines, the multiple branch liquid supply pipelines are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the multiple clusters of electrolytic stacks, each branch liquid supply pipeline includes a primary liquid supply pipeline and multiple secondary liquid supply pipelines connected to the primary liquid supply pipeline, the primary liquid supply pipeline is connected to the mainstream liquid supply pipeline, the multiple secondary liquid supply pipelines are connected in a one-to-one correspondence with the multiple electrolytic stacks of the corresponding cluster, and the flow sensor is provided between each secondary liquid supply pipeline and each corresponding electrolytic stack.

[0032] Furthermore, the hydrogen outlet channel includes a mainstream hydrogen outlet pipe and multiple branch hydrogen outlet pipes, the first end of each branch hydrogen outlet pipe is connected to the mainstream hydrogen outlet pipe, each branch hydrogen outlet pipe is arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with each cluster of electrolytic stacks, and each electrolytic stack in a cluster of electrolytic stacks is connected to the corresponding branch hydrogen outlet pipe, and the electrolytic hydrogen production mechanism also includes:

[0033] a hydrogen discharge pipeline, the hydrogen discharge pipeline being connected to the second end of each of the branch hydrogen outlet pipelines;

[0034] a second control valve, comprising a plurality of second control valves, each of which is disposed one-to-one between the hydrogen exhaust pipe and each of the branch hydrogen outlet pipes, and each of the second control valves is electrically connected to the controller;

[0035] A third control valve, comprising a plurality of third control valves, each of which is disposed one-to-one between the main hydrogen outlet pipe and each of the branch hydrogen outlet pipes, and each of the third control valves is electrically connected to the controller;

[0036] In which, the controller is also used to record the operating time of each cluster of the electrolytic stacks. When the operating time of a cluster of the electrolytic stacks is less than the predetermined time, the controller controls the corresponding second control valve of the electrolytic stack of the cluster to open, and controls the corresponding third control valve of the electrolytic stack of the cluster to close; when the operating time of a cluster of the electrolytic stacks is greater than the predetermined time, the controller controls the corresponding second control valve of the electrolytic stack of the cluster to close, and controls the corresponding third control valve of the electrolytic stack of the cluster to open.

[0037] Furthermore, each group of the monitoring components includes a pressure sensor, each of the pressure sensors is correspondingly arranged in each of the branch hydrogen outlet pipelines, and the pressure sensor is used to monitor the pressure of hydrogen in the branch hydrogen outlet pipeline;

[0038] When the pressure sensor detects that the pressure of hydrogen in one of the branch hydrogen outlet pipelines is higher than a first predetermined pressure, the controller controls the second control valve corresponding to the branch hydrogen outlet pipeline to open, and controls the third control valve corresponding to the branch hydrogen outlet pipeline to close.

[0039] Relative to the prior art, the hydrogen production system in the present application includes multiple clusters of electrolytic stacks, and each cluster of electrolytic stacks includes multiple electrolytic stacks, and multiple electrolytic stacks in each cluster are electrically connected in series. The hydrogen production system of the present application also includes multiple power supplies, and each power supply is set in a one-to-one correspondence with each cluster of electrolytic stacks, and each power supply is independently set. At the same time, each electrolytic stack is connected to the liquid supply channel, the hydrogen outlet channel and the reflux channel, that is, in each cluster of electrolytic stacks, a series electrical connection is formed between the electrolytic stacks, and in the waterway, a parallel connection is formed between the electrolytic stacks. The hydrogen production system of the present application is provided with multiple groups of monitoring components, and each monitoring component is set on each electrolytic stack in a one-to-one correspondence. That is to say, when the monitoring component detects that one or more electrolytic stacks in a cluster are in an abnormal working state, the controller controls the power supply for the cluster electrolytic stack so that the power supply stops supplying power to the cluster electrolytic stack. At this time, the damaged electrolytic stack in the cluster electrolytic stack can be maintained. The remaining cluster electrolysis stacks can still operate normally, and since there is no connection between the power supplies, stopping one cluster electrolysis stack will not cause changes in the current or voltage in the remaining cluster electrolysis stacks, so it will not affect the hydrogen production of the remaining cluster electrolysis stacks, thereby reducing the maintenance cost of the hydrogen production system to a certain extent. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present application and constitute a part of the present application. The illustrative embodiments of the present application and their descriptions are used to explain the present application and do not constitute an improper limitation on the present application. In the drawings:

[0041] Figure 1 A connection diagram of the hydrogen production system disclosed in this application;

[0042] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a portion of the hydrogen production system disclosed in this application from a first perspective (partial electrolysis stack removed);

[0043] Figure 3 A schematic structural diagram of a portion of the hydrogen production system disclosed in this application from a second perspective (partial electrolysis stack removed);

[0044] Figure 4 This is a schematic structural diagram of the protective shell disclosed in this application;

[0045] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the electrolysis stack, protective shell, current limiting pipe and hydrogen outlet pipeline assembly disclosed in this application;

[0046] Figure 6 This is a schematic structural diagram of the electrolytic stack and protective shell disclosed in this application;

[0047] Figure 7 This is a schematic structural diagram of the hydrogen outlet pipeline assembly disclosed in this application;

[0048] Figure 8 This is a schematic structural diagram of the flow-limiting pipeline disclosed in this application;

[0049] Figure 9 This is a schematic structural diagram of the insulating pipe disclosed in this application;

[0050] Figure 10 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the protective shell disclosed in this application;

[0051] Figure 11 This is a partial structural diagram of the hydrogen outlet channel and hydrogen exhaust pipeline disclosed in this application.

[0052] The above drawings include the following reference numerals:

[0053] 11. Liquid storage tank; 12. Liquid inlet channel; 13. Liquid supply channel; 21. Electrolytic stack; 22. Hydrogen outlet channel; 23. Return channel; 24. Hydrogen exhaust pipe; 25. Protective shell; 30. Power supply assembly; 31. Power supply; 41. Temperature sensor; 42. Voltage sensor; 43. Hydrogen sensor; 44. Flow sensor; 45. Pressure sensor; 51. First control valve; 52. Second control valve; 53. Third control valve; 54. Fourth control valve; 55. Burst valve; 60. Pump body; 61. Current limiting pipe; 62. Insulating pipe; 63. Hydrogen outlet pipeline assembly; 131. Main stream liquid supply pipe; 132. Branch liquid supply pipe; 211. Liquid inlet; 212. Liquid outlet; 213. Hydrogen outlet; 221. Main stream hydrogen outlet pipe; 222. Branch hydrogen outlet pipe; 231. Main stream return pipe; 232. Branch return pipe; 241. Main stream discharge pipe; 242. First discharge pipe; 243. Second discharge pipe; 251. First inner wall surface; 611, first insulating tube; 612, first three-way joint; 613, fourth joint; 621, second insulating tube; 622, second three-way joint; 631, first connecting component; 632, insulating block; 633, second connecting component; 1321, first liquid supply pipeline; 1322, second liquid supply pipeline; 2221, first hydrogen outlet pipeline; 2222, second hydrogen outlet pipeline; 2321, first return pipeline; 2322, second return pipeline; 2511, first annular groove; 2512, second annular groove; 6311, first joint; 6312, connecting pipeline; 6313, second joint; 6331, third joint. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0054] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features of the embodiments in this application can be combined with each other. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0055] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0056] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement of the parts and steps, numerical expressions and numerical values ​​set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present application. At the same time, it should be understood that, for ease of description, the sizes of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn according to actual proportional relationships. The techniques, methods and equipment known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, the techniques, methods and equipment should be considered as part of the authorization specification. In all examples shown and discussed here, any specific values ​​should be interpreted as being merely exemplary, not as limitations. Therefore, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar numbers and letters represent similar items in the following figures, and therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further discussed in subsequent figures.

[0057] In the existing hydrogen production system, multiple electrolytic stacks 21 are usually connected in series with a power supply 31, or multiple electrolytic stacks 21 are connected in parallel with the power supply 31. When multiple electrolytic stacks 21 are connected in series with the power supply 31, if one of the electrolytic stacks 21 is damaged, such as a short circuit, this will cause the voltage in the remaining electrolytic stacks 21 to increase, and in severe cases, other electrolytic stacks 21 will be damaged. Therefore, when one electrolytic stack 21 is damaged, the entire hydrogen production system needs to be shut down and maintained, resulting in the problem of excessively high maintenance costs for the hydrogen production system. However, when multiple electrolytic stacks 21 are connected in parallel with the power supply 31, it is understandable that when multiple electrolytic stacks 21 are connected in parallel with the power supply 31, when the output voltage of the power supply 31 is a fixed value, the number of electrolytic stacks 21 in parallel needs to be maintained at a certain number due to the current limitation of the electrolytic stacks 21. That is to say, if there are too many electrolytic stacks 21 connected in parallel with the power supply 31, the current of each electrolytic stack 21 will be too large, which may cause the electrolytic stack 21 to be damaged; and when the number of electrolytic stacks 21 connected in parallel with the power supply 31 is too small, the current in the electrolytic stack 21 is small, and normal electrolysis cannot be performed. When one or more electrolytic stacks 21 in the multiple electrolytic stacks 21 connected in parallel are damaged, the current of the remaining undamaged electrolytic stacks 21 decreases, which reduces the hydrogen production efficiency of the hydrogen production system. In severe cases, it may cause the hydrogen production system to be unable to produce hydrogen normally. Therefore, the entire hydrogen production system needs to be shut down and the damaged electrolytic stacks 21 need to be maintained, which also causes the problem of excessively high maintenance costs for the hydrogen production system.

[0058] To solve the above problems, see Figures 1 to 11 As shown, according to an embodiment of the present application, a hydrogen production system is provided, which includes a liquid supply mechanism, an electrolytic hydrogen production mechanism, a power supply component 30, a monitoring component and a controller (not shown in the figure).

[0059] Among them, the liquid supply mechanism includes a liquid storage tank 11, a liquid inlet channel 12 and a liquid supply channel 13, and the liquid inlet channel 12 is connected to the liquid storage tank 11. The electrolytic hydrogen production mechanism includes a hydrogen outlet channel 22, a reflux channel 23 and multiple clusters of electrolytic stacks 21, each cluster of electrolytic stacks 21 includes multiple electrolytic stacks 21, and the multiple electrolytic stacks 21 in each cluster of electrolytic stacks 21 are electrically connected in series, the liquid supply channel 13 is connected between the liquid storage tank 11 and each electrolytic stack 21, the hydrogen outlet channel 22 is connected to each electrolytic stack 21, and the reflux channel 23 is connected between the liquid storage tank 11 and each electrolytic stack 21. The power supply component 30 includes multiple power supplies 31, and each power supply 31 is electrically connected to each cluster of electrolytic stacks 21 in a one-to-one correspondence. The monitoring component includes multiple groups, and each group of monitoring components is set in a one-to-one correspondence with each electrolytic stack 21. The monitoring component is at least used to monitor whether the electrolytic stack 21 is in a normal working state. The controller is electrically connected to the monitoring component, and the controller is electrically connected to each power supply 31. When the monitoring component detects that one or more electrolytic stacks 21 in a cluster of electrolytic stacks 21 are in an abnormal working state, the controller controls the power supply 31 to stop providing current to the cluster of electrolytic stacks 21.

[0060] Specifically, external water enters the liquid storage tank 11 through the liquid inlet channel 12, and then the liquid storage tank 11 is equipped with the electrolyte required for hydrogen production. The electrolyte enters the electrolysis stack 21 through the liquid supply channel 13, and then electrolysis occurs in the electrolysis stack 21. The hydrogen produced by electrolysis is transported to the predetermined device through the hydrogen outlet channel 22. The electrolyzed electrolyte and the oxygen produced by electrolysis enter the liquid storage tank 11 through the reflux channel 23. Compared with the prior art, the hydrogen production system in this embodiment includes multiple clusters of electrolysis stacks 21, and each cluster of electrolysis stacks 21 includes multiple electrolysis stacks 21, and the multiple electrolysis stacks 21 in each cluster are electrically connected in series. The hydrogen production system in this embodiment also includes multiple power supplies 31, and each power supply 31 is set in a one-to-one correspondence with each cluster of electrolysis stacks 21, and each power supply 31 is set independently. At the same time, each electrolytic stack 21 is connected to the liquid supply channel 13, the hydrogen outlet channel 22 and the reflux channel 23, that is, in each cluster of electrolytic stacks 21, a series electrical connection is formed between the electrolytic stacks 21. In the waterway, a parallel connection is formed between the electrolytic stacks 21. The hydrogen production system of this embodiment is provided with multiple groups of monitoring components, and each monitoring component is arranged on each electrolytic stack 21 in a one-to-one correspondence. That is to say, when the monitoring component detects that one or more electrolytic stacks 21 in a cluster are in an abnormal working state, the controller controls the power supply 31 that supplies power to the cluster electrolytic stack 21, so that the power supply 31 stops supplying power to the cluster electrolytic stack 21. At this time, the damaged electrolytic stack 21 in the cluster electrolytic stack 21 can be maintained. The remaining cluster electrolysis stacks 21 can still operate normally, and since there is no connection between the power supplies 31, stopping one cluster electrolysis stack 21 will not cause changes in the current or voltage in the remaining cluster electrolysis stacks 21, and therefore will not affect the hydrogen production of the remaining cluster electrolysis stacks 21, thereby reducing the maintenance cost of the hydrogen production system to a certain extent.

[0061] It can be understood that in this embodiment, the normal working state means that the hydrogen production environment of the electrolysis stack 21 is in the rated working state, for example, when the electrolysis stack 21 is electrolyzing, the temperature of the electrolyte is within a predetermined temperature range, and the electrolysis stack 21 is operating at the rated voltage, and the abnormal working state can mean that when the electrolysis stack 21 is working, the temperature of the electrolyte flowing out of the electrolysis stack exceeds the predetermined temperature range, or the electrolysis stack 21 is not electrolyzing at the rated voltage, or the electrolysis stack 21 leaks, etc.

[0062] In some embodiments, each group of monitoring components includes a temperature sensor 41, and each temperature sensor 41 is arranged one by one between the reflux channel 23 and each electrolytic stack 21. The temperature sensor 41 is used to monitor the temperature of the electrolyte flowing out of the electrolytic stack 21. When the temperature sensor 41 detects that the temperature of the electrolyte flowing out of the electrolytic stack 21 exceeds a predetermined temperature range, the controller controls the power supply 31 to stop providing current to the cluster electrolytic stack 21.

[0063] Specifically, the temperature sensor 41 monitors the temperature of the electrolyte flowing out of the electrolytic stack 21 at all times and sends a signal to the controller. After the controller receives the signal, when the temperature sensor 41 detects that the temperature of the electrolyte flowing out of the electrolytic stack 21 exceeds the predetermined temperature range, the controller determines that the electrolytic stack 21 is damaged, and then the controller controls the power supply 31 that provides current to the electrolytic stack 21, so that the power supply 31 stops providing current to the cluster electrolytic stack 21. It can be understood that the temperature of the electrolyte exceeds the predetermined temperature range means that the temperature of the electrolyte is lower than the minimum value of the predetermined temperature range or the temperature of the electrolyte is higher than the maximum value of the predetermined range. In fact, the temperature of the electrolyte is mainly affected by the current size and the flow rate of the electrolyte entering the electrolytic stack 21. When the flow rate of the electrolyte entering the electrolytic stack 21 is too low, the cations and anions in the electrolytic stack 21 cannot be replenished in time, which ultimately reduces the hydrogen production efficiency of the electrolytic stack 21. If the flow rate of the electrolyte entering the electrolytic stack 21 is too large, the consumption of the electrolyte in the hydrogen production system per unit time will increase, resulting in excessively high operating costs of the hydrogen production system. In a specific embodiment, the predetermined temperature range can be set between 36°C and 58°C.

[0064] In some embodiments, each group of monitoring components includes a voltage sensor 42, and each voltage sensor 42 is arranged one-to-one in each electrolytic stack 21. The voltage sensor 42 is used to monitor the working voltage of the electrolytic stack 21. When the voltage sensor 42 detects that the working voltage of the electrolytic stack 21 exceeds a predetermined voltage range, the controller controls the power supply 31 to stop providing current to the cluster electrolytic stack 21.

[0065] Similarly, the voltage sensor 42 monitors the operating voltage of the electrolysis stack 21 at all times and sends a signal to the controller. When the voltage sensor 42 detects that the power supply 31 of the electrolysis stack 21 exceeds the predetermined voltage range, the controller determines that the electrolysis stack 21 is damaged and controls the power supply 31 corresponding to the electrolysis stack 21 to stop providing current to the cluster electrolysis stack 21. In a specific embodiment, there are 10 electrolysis stacks 21 connected in series in each cluster electrolysis stack 21, and the rated operating voltage of each electrolysis stack 21 is 48V, and the rated supply voltage of the power supply 31 is 480V, that is, when working normally, ideally, the operating voltage of each electrolysis stack 21 is 48V, which is consistent with the rated operating voltage. However, due to the presence of wires or fluctuations in the supply voltage of the power supply 31, there may be a certain error between the operating voltage of each electrolysis stack 21 and the rated operating voltage. Therefore, the present embodiment limits the predetermined voltage range to 46V to 50V. That is, the controller will determine that the electrolysis stack 21 is in an abnormal working state only when the working voltage of the electrolysis stack 21 exceeds 50V or the working voltage of the electrolysis stack 21 is lower than 46V.

[0066] Furthermore, the electrolytic stack 21 includes a main body, an anode plate, a cathode plate and an ion exchange membrane. An electrolytic chamber is provided in the main body, and the anode plate and the cathode plate are spaced apart in the electrolytic chamber. The ion exchange membrane is located between the cathode plate and the anode plate, and separates the electrolytic chamber into an anode chamber and a cathode chamber. A liquid inlet 211, a liquid outlet 212 and a hydrogen outlet 213 are provided on the main body. The liquid inlet 211 and the liquid outlet 212 are connected to the anode chamber, and the liquid outlet 212 is connected to the cathode chamber. A voltage sensor 42 is provided in the electrolytic chamber.

[0067] During the hydrogen production process of this embodiment, the electrolyte flows into the liquid inlet 211 through the liquid supply channel 13 and then enters the anode chamber. The water in the electrolyte passes through the ion exchange membrane and enters the cathode chamber. When the anode plate and the cathode plate are both connected to the current, the water receives electrons under the action of the cathode plate to produce hydrogen gas by hydrogen evolution reaction, that is, the reaction on the cathode plate is: 4H2O + 4e - →4OH - +2H2, and the hydrogen generated then flows into the hydrogen outlet channel 22 from the hydrogen outlet 213. - Ions pass through the ion exchange membrane back to the anode chamber and react on the anode plate: 4OH - →2H2O+O2+4e - , thereby releasing oxygen on the anode plate. The released oxygen flows into the reflux channel 23 together with the electrolyte through the liquid outlet 212. In some embodiments, the ion exchange membrane can be an anion exchange membrane. A gas diffusion layer is further provided in the electrolysis chamber to provide a flow guide for the produced gas and electrolyte. A cathode catalyst layer is provided in the cathode chamber, and an anode catalyst layer is provided in the anode chamber, thereby improving the hydrogen production efficiency. The voltage sensor 42 constantly monitors the operating voltage of the electrolysis stack 21 through the electrolyte.

[0068] Optionally, each group of monitoring components includes a hydrogen sensor 43, and each hydrogen sensor 43 is arranged one by one in each electrolytic stack 21. The hydrogen sensor 43 is used to monitor whether there is hydrogen outside the electrolytic stack 21. When the hydrogen sensor 43 detects that there is hydrogen outside the electrolytic stack 21, the controller controls the power supply 31 to stop providing current to the cluster electrolytic stack 21.

[0069] It can be understood that the hydrogen sensor 43 is used to monitor whether there is hydrogen outside the electrolysis stack 21 at all times and send a signal to the controller. When the hydrogen sensor 43 detects that there is hydrogen outside the electrolysis stack 21, the controller determines that a hydrogen leak has occurred in the electrolysis stack 21, and the controller controls the power supply 31 corresponding to the electrolysis stack 21 to stop providing current to the cluster electrolysis stack 21.

[0070] It should be noted that when the monitoring component includes a hydrogen sensor 43, a voltage sensor 42, and a temperature sensor 41, as long as the controller determines through a signal that the electrolytic cell 21 is damaged, the controller will control the power supply 31 to disconnect from the cluster electrolytic cell 21. In some embodiments, the hydrogen production system also includes a first alarm element, which is electrically connected to the controller. When the controller controls the power supply 31 to stop providing current to a cluster of electrolytic cell 21, the first alarm element sends a warning signal to remind the staff which electrolytic cell 21 in which cluster of electrolytic cell 21 has failed, so that the staff can quickly locate the damaged electrolytic cell 21 and maintain the electrolytic cell 21.

[0071] As attached Figure 1 As shown, the reflux channel 23 includes a mainstream reflux pipe 231 and a branch reflux pipe 232. The mainstream reflux pipe 231 is connected to the liquid storage tank 11. The branch reflux pipe 232 includes multiple branch reflux pipes 232, and the multiple branch reflux pipes 232 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the multiple clusters of electrolytic cell stacks 21. Each branch reflux pipe 232 includes a primary reflux pipe 2321 and multiple secondary reflux pipes 2322 connected to the primary reflux pipe 2321. The primary reflux pipe 2321 is connected to the mainstream reflux pipe 231, and the multiple secondary reflux pipes 2322 are connected in a one-to-one correspondence with the multiple electrolytic cell stacks 21 of the corresponding cluster. A temperature sensor 41 is provided between each secondary reflux pipe 2322 and each corresponding electrolytic cell stack 21.

[0072] That is to say, the electrolyte after electrolysis of each electrolysis stack 21 in each cluster electrolysis stack 21 and the oxygen produced flow into the primary reflux pipe 2321 through the corresponding secondary reflux pipe 2322, and the electrolyte and oxygen entering each primary reflux pipe 2321 enter the mainstream reflux pipe 231 through the primary reflux pipe 2321, and finally enter the liquid storage tank 11 through the mainstream reflux pipe 231. At the same time, a temperature sensor 41 is provided between each secondary reflux pipe 2322 and each corresponding electrolysis stack 21, so that each temperature sensor 41 can monitor the temperature of the electrolyte flowing out of each electrolysis stack 21. The reflux of the electrolyte can reduce the consumption of the electrolyte during hydrogen production by the hydrogen production system to a certain extent, thereby reducing the cost of hydrogen production. This embodiment can achieve step-by-step convergence and pressure buffering of the electrolyte to a certain extent through the arrangement of the mainstream return pipe 231, the primary return pipe 2321 and the secondary return pipe 2322, thereby avoiding the impact of fluid shock or pressure fluctuation on the return channel 23 when multiple stacks return liquid at the same time. In addition, the one-to-one correspondence between the secondary return pipe 2322 and the electrolytic stack 21 facilitates the arrangement of the temperature sensor 41 and the monitoring of the electrolyte flowing out of each electrolytic stack 21.

[0073] Furthermore, each group of monitoring components includes a flow sensor 44, each flow sensor 44 is arranged one-to-one between each liquid supply channel 13 and each electrolytic stack 21, and the flow sensor 44 is used to monitor the flow of electrolyte entering the electrolytic stack 21. The liquid supply mechanism also includes a first control valve 51, which is arranged in the liquid supply channel 13 and is electrically connected to the controller. When the flow sensor 44 detects that the flow of electrolyte entering the electrolytic stack 21 exceeds a first predetermined flow range, the controller controls the first control valve 51 to adjust the flow of electrolyte in the liquid supply channel 13.

[0074] Specifically, when the flow rate of the electrolyte entering the electrolysis stack 21 is too large, this will cause the problem of excessive electrolyte consumption during the hydrogen production process. When the flow rate of the electrolyte entering the electrolysis stack 21 is too low, it will cause insufficient cations and anions in the electrolysis stack 21, ultimately reducing the hydrogen production efficiency. Therefore, in this embodiment, it is necessary to set a flow sensor 44 between the liquid supply channel 13 and each electrolysis stack 21 to monitor the flow rate of the electrolyte entering each electrolysis stack 21 and send a signal to the controller. When it is monitored that the flow rate of the electrolyte entering the electrolysis stack 21 is lower than the minimum value of the first predetermined flow range, the controller controls the first control valve 51 to increase the flow rate of the electrolyte through the liquid supply channel 13, and when it is monitored that the flow rate of the electrolyte entering the electrolysis stack 21 is higher than the maximum value of the first predetermined flow range, the controller controls the first control valve 51 to reduce the flow rate of the electrolyte through the liquid supply channel 13. In the present application, the first predetermined flow range can be set between 3L / min and 6L / min.

[0075] Similar to the design of the return channel 23, as shown in the attached Figure 1 As shown, the liquid supply channel 13 includes a mainstream liquid supply pipe 131 and a branch liquid supply pipe 132. The mainstream liquid supply pipe 131 is connected to the liquid storage tank 11, and the branch liquid supply pipes 132 include multiple branch liquid supply pipes 132, which are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with multiple clusters of electrolytic cell stacks 21. Each branch liquid supply pipe 132 includes a primary liquid supply pipe 1321 and multiple secondary liquid supply pipes 1322 connected to the primary liquid supply pipe 1321. The primary liquid supply pipe 1321 is connected to the mainstream liquid supply pipe 131, and the multiple secondary liquid supply pipes 1322 are connected in a one-to-one correspondence with the multiple electrolytic cell stacks 21 of the corresponding cluster. A flow sensor 44 is provided between each secondary liquid supply pipe 1322 and each corresponding electrolytic cell stack 21.

[0076] That is to say, the electrolyte in the liquid storage tank 11 enters each primary liquid supply pipe 1321 through the mainstream liquid supply pipe 131, and then enters each secondary liquid supply pipe 1322 through each primary liquid supply pipe 1321, and finally enters each electrolytic cell 21 through each secondary liquid supply pipe 1322. In this embodiment, one purpose of such a design is to reduce the flow rate of the electrolyte entering the electrolytic cell 21 layer by layer by means of the mainstream liquid supply pipe 131, the primary liquid supply pipe 1321 and the secondary liquid supply pipe 1322, so as to prevent the flow rate of the electrolyte entering the electrolytic cell 21 from being too large, resulting in too low utilization rate of the electrolyte, and thus making the production cost of the hydrogen production system too high. On the other hand, by arranging a flow sensor 44 between each secondary liquid supply pipe 1322 and each corresponding electrolytic cell 21, it is convenient to accurately monitor the flow rate of the electrolyte entering the electrolytic cell 21.

[0077] In some embodiments, the first control valve 51 includes multiple first control valves 51, and each first control valve 51 is arranged one by one on each first-level liquid supply pipe 1321. When the controller controls a cluster of electrolytic stacks 21 to stop working, the controller controls the first control valve 51 corresponding to the cluster of electrolytic stacks 21 to close, so as to prevent the electrolyte from entering the damaged electrolytic stack 21 through the first-level liquid supply pipe 1321. The purpose of this design is to accurately adjust the flow rate of the electrolyte entering each cluster of electrolytic stacks 21.

[0078] Furthermore, the liquid supply mechanism further includes a pump body 60, which is disposed in the liquid supply channel 13 and is electrically connected to the controller. When the flow sensors 44 detect that the sum of the flow rates of the electrolyte entering the electrolytic stacks 21 exceeds a second predetermined flow range, the controller controls the pump body 60 to adjust the flow rate of the electrolyte in the liquid supply channel 13.

[0079] Specifically, when the flow rate entering the electrolytic stack 21 is too large, it will cause the hydrogen production system to consume too much electrolyte and the production cost to be too high. However, when the flow rate entering the electrolytic stack 21 is too small, it will affect the hydrogen production efficiency of the hydrogen production system. At the same time, due to the setting of the liquid supply channel 13, this will cause a certain difference in the flow rate between the electrolytes entering each electrolytic stack 21 in a cluster of electrolytic stacks 21. In order to ensure the amount of hydrogen produced per unit time of the hydrogen production equipment, the electrolyte flow rate entering some electrolytic stacks 21 can be made higher than the rated working flow rate of the electrolyte entering the electrolytic stack 21 in this embodiment. That is, when each flow sensor 44 detects that the sum of the flow rates of the electrolytes entering each electrolytic stack 21 is lower than the minimum value of the second predetermined flow range, the controller controls the pump body 60 to increase the flow rate of the electrolyte in the liquid supply channel 13. Furthermore, if the sum of the electrolyte flow rates of each electrolytic stack 21 exceeds the maximum value of the second predetermined flow rate range, indicating excessive electrolyte consumption in the hydrogen production system, the controller can control the pump body 60 to reduce the electrolyte flow rate in the liquid supply channel 13. It is understood that the flow rate range regulated by the pump body 60 is relatively large, while the flow rate range regulated by the first control valve 51 is relatively small. Furthermore, the second predetermined flow rate range can be specifically limited based on the hydrogen production efficiency of the hydrogen production system, and this application does not impose any specific limitations thereon.

[0080] Due to the provision of the primary and secondary liquid supply pipes 1321, 1322, the flow rate of electrolyte entering each electrolytic stack 21 within a cluster of electrolytic stacks 21 fluctuates significantly. To address this issue, the liquid supply mechanism of this embodiment further includes a flow-limiting pipe 61 disposed between the liquid inlet 211 and the liquid supply channel 13. The maximum inner diameter R1 of the flow-limiting pipe 61 is smaller than the minimum inner diameter R of the liquid supply channel 13.

[0081] That is, through the design of the flow-limiting pipe 61, the electrolyte in the secondary liquid supply pipe 1322 needs to pass through the flow-limiting pipe 61 before entering the electrolytic stack 21. Since the maximum inner diameter R1 of the flow-limiting pipe 61 is smaller than the minimum inner diameter R of the liquid supply channel 13, this further reduces the electrolyte flow rate through the flow-limiting pipe 61, ultimately further reducing the fluctuation difference between the electrolyte flow rates entering each electrolytic stack 21 in a cluster of electrolytic stacks 21. It is worth mentioning that the inner diameters of the mainstream liquid supply pipe 131, the primary liquid supply pipe 1321, and the secondary liquid supply pipe 1322 decrease in sequence, and the minimum inner diameter of the liquid supply channel 13 refers to the inner diameter of the secondary liquid supply pipe 1322.

[0082] Furthermore, the ratio of the maximum inner diameter R1 of the flow-limiting pipe 61 to the minimum inner diameter R of the liquid supply channel 13 satisfies the relationship: 1.5≤R / R1≤2.0. When the ratio of R to R1 satisfies the above relationship, the ratio of R1 to R will not be too low, the flow-limiting effect of the flow-limiting pipe 61 on the electrolyte will be more obvious, and the ratio of R1 to R will not be too large, and the flow rate of the electrolyte through the flow-limiting pipe 61 will be moderate. When the ratio of R1 to R is less than 1.5, the flow-limiting effect of the flow-limiting pipe 61 on the electrolyte is not obvious, resulting in a large difference between the flow rates of the electrolyte entering each electrolytic stack 21 in a cluster. When the ratio of R1 to R is greater than 2.0, the flow rate of the electrolyte after entering the flow-limiting pipe 61 is too low, which may cause the hydrogen production efficiency of the electrolytic stack 21 to decrease. The values ​​of R / R1 can be 1.5, 1.6, 1.7, 1.8, 1.9 and 2.0.

[0083] In some embodiments, the primary liquid supply pipe 1321 is arranged along the height direction of the cleaning system (e.g., Figure 2 The secondary liquid supply pipes 1322 on each primary liquid supply pipe 1321 are spaced apart along the height direction of the cleaning system, and the lengths of the flow limiting pipes 61 spaced apart along the height direction become shorter in sequence.

[0084] Specifically, the influence of the flow-limiting pipe 61 on the electrolyte flow rate is determined on the one hand by the size of the inner diameter R1, and on the other hand is related to the length of the flow-limiting pipe 61, that is, the longer the length of the flow-limiting pipe 61, the greater the influence of the flow-limiting pipe 61 on the flow resistance of the electrolyte, thereby reducing the flow resistance of the electrolyte flowing out of the flow-limiting pipe 61. It can be seen that due to the influence of confluence and gravity, the flow rate of the electrolyte in the secondary liquid supply pipe 1322 set at a higher position is smaller, while the flow rate of the electrolyte in the secondary liquid supply pipe 1322 set at a lower position is larger. Therefore, the length of each flow-limiting pipe 61 set in the height direction is reduced successively, which can further reduce the difference between the flow rates of the electrolyte entering each electrolytic stack 21 in a cluster.

[0085] Optionally, the length of the flow-limiting pipe 61 is between 1.45m and 1.55m. When the length of the flow-limiting pipe 61 is less than 1.45m, the flow resistance of the flow-limiting pipe 61 to the electrolyte is small, which will cause the flow fluctuations between the electrolytes entering each electrolytic stack 21 in a cluster to remain large after passing through the flow-limiting pipe 61. When the length of the flow-limiting pipe 61 is higher than 1.55m, on the one hand, the flow-limiting pipe 61 is set too long, resulting in the flow-limiting effect of the flow-limiting pipe 61 on the electrolyte being too strong, making the flow of the electrolyte entering the electrolytic stack 21 too low, which may cause the hydrogen production efficiency of the electrolytic stack 21 to be too low; on the other hand, the excessive length of the flow-limiting pipe 61 will cause the space utilization rate of the hydrogen production system to be too low. The length of the flow restriction pipe 61 may be 1.45 m, 1.46 m, 1.47 m, 1.48 m, 1.49 m, 1.50 m, 1.51 m, 1.52 m, 1.53 m, 1.54 m, and 1.55 m.

[0086] Furthermore, the electrolytic hydrogen production mechanism further includes an insulating pipe 62 , which is disposed between the liquid outlet 212 and the reflux channel 23 .

[0087] It is understandable that if an insulating pipe 62 is not provided between the liquid outlet 212 and the secondary return pipe 2322, and the secondary return pipe 2322 is made of a non-insulating material, when the cathode plate and the anode plate apply current to the electrolyte, an additional current loop will be generated on the secondary return pipe 2322, which will cause the energy consumption of the hydrogen production system to be too high, and the overall temperature rise of the hydrogen production system to increase, which can easily cause damage to the hydrogen production system. Therefore, this embodiment uses insulation to provide an insulating pipe 62 between the liquid outlet 212 and the return channel 23, thereby increasing the resistance of the electrolyte in the insulating pipe 62 and avoiding the generation of an additional current loop between the insulating pipe 62 and the electrolysis chamber, which leads to the problem of excessive temperature rise of the electrolytic stack 21. Similarly, the current limiting pipe 61 is also made of insulating material.

[0088] Furthermore, the electrolytic hydrogen production mechanism also includes a protective shell 25 having a first inner wall surface 251. The electrolytic stack 21 is disposed within the protective shell 25 and mounted on the first inner wall surface 251. The first inner wall surface 251 defines a first annular groove 2511 and a second annular groove 2512 disposed around the periphery of the electrolytic stack 21. The insulating pipe 62 is embedded in the first annular groove 2511 and spirals along the depth direction of the first annular groove 2511. The current limiting pipe 61 is embedded in the second annular groove 2512 and spirals along the depth direction of the second annular groove 2512.

[0089] Specifically, the protective shell 25 can provide protection for the electrolytic stack 21, preventing external current from entering the electrolytic stack 21 or external impurities from entering the electrolytic stack 21 and affecting electrolytic hydrogen production. In addition, the insulating pipe 62 is embedded in the first annular groove 2511 to limit the insulating pipe 62. The current limiting pipe 61 is embedded in the second annular groove 2512 to limit the current limiting pipe 61. "The insulating pipe 62 is spirally arranged along the depth direction of the first annular groove 2511" means that the insulating pipe 62 is first wrapped around the first annular groove 2511 and then stacked along the depth direction of the first annular groove 2511 on the basis of the first circle of insulating pipe 62; similarly, "the current limiting pipe 61 is spirally arranged along the depth direction of the second annular groove 2512" means that the current limiting pipe 61 is first wrapped around the second annular groove 2512 and then stacked along the depth direction of the second annular groove 2512 on the basis of the first circle of current limiting pipe 61. The configuration of this embodiment enables longer insulating pipes 62 and current-limiting pipes 61 to be stored in the insulating housing, thereby further increasing the resistance of the electrolyte in the insulating pipes 62 and current-limiting pipes 61 .

[0090] Furthermore, the flow-limiting conduit 61 includes a fourth connector 613, a first three-way connector 612, and a first insulating tube 611. The first three-way connector 612 includes a first interface, a second interface, and a third interface. The fourth connector 613 is sealed between the first interface and the liquid inlet 211, and the first insulating tube 611 is sealed to the third interface. In some embodiments, the second interface can be blocked, or a flow meter can be installed at the second interface to monitor the flow rate of the electrolyte entering the electrolysis chamber.

[0091] Optionally, the insulating pipe 62 includes a second three-way joint 622 and a second insulating tube 621. The second three-way joint 622 includes a fourth interface, a fifth interface, and a sixth interface. The fourth interface is in sealed communication with the liquid outlet 212, and the sixth interface is in sealed communication with the second insulating tube 621. Similarly, in some embodiments, the fifth interface can be blocked, or a temperature sensor 41 can be sealedly provided on the fifth interface to monitor the temperature of the electrolyte flowing out of the electrolysis chamber.

[0092] Furthermore, the hydrogen outlet channel 22 includes a mainstream hydrogen outlet pipe 221 and multiple branch hydrogen outlet pipes 222. The first end of each branch hydrogen outlet pipe 222 is connected to the mainstream hydrogen outlet pipe 221. Each branch hydrogen outlet pipe 222 is arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with each cluster of electrolytic stacks 21, and each electrolytic stack 21 in a cluster of electrolytic stacks 21 is connected to the corresponding branch hydrogen outlet pipe 222. The electrolytic hydrogen production mechanism also includes a hydrogen discharge pipe 24, a second control valve 52 and a third control valve 53. The hydrogen discharge pipe 24 is connected to the second end of each branch hydrogen outlet pipe 222. The second control valve 52 includes a plurality of second control valves 52, each second control valve 52 is arranged in a one-to-one correspondence between the hydrogen discharge pipe 24 and each branch hydrogen outlet pipe 222, and each second control valve 52 is electrically connected to the controller. The third control valve 53 includes multiple ones, each of which is correspondingly arranged between the mainstream hydrogen outlet pipe 221 and each branch hydrogen outlet pipe 222, and each third control valve 53 is electrically connected to the controller. The controller is also used to record the operating time of each cluster electrolysis stack 21. When the operating time of a cluster electrolysis stack 21 is less than the predetermined time, the controller controls the corresponding second control valve 52 of the cluster electrolysis stack 21 to open, and controls the corresponding third control valve 53 of the cluster electrolysis stack 21 to close; when the operating time of a cluster electrolysis stack 21 is greater than the predetermined time, the controller controls the corresponding second control valve 52 of the cluster electrolysis stack 21 to close, and controls the corresponding third control valve 53 of the cluster electrolysis stack 21 to open.

[0093] Specifically, during the initial hydrogen production phase of a cluster of electrolysis stacks 21, the presence of air within the electrolysis stacks 21 or within the pipes connected to the electrolysis stacks 21 can result in low purity hydrogen produced by the electrolysis stacks 21. Therefore, this air needs to be discharged. In this embodiment, the controller controls the second control valve 52 and the third control valve 53 to allow the hydrogen produced by each cluster of electrolysis stacks 21 to be discharged through the hydrogen discharge pipe 24 during the initial hydrogen production phase. However, after the operation time of each cluster of electrolysis stacks 21 exceeds a predetermined time, the hydrogen produced by each cluster of electrolysis stacks 21 enters the mainstream hydrogen outlet pipe 221. That is to say, when some electrolytic stacks 21 in a cluster are damaged, the cluster electrolytic stack 21 needs to stop working and be maintained. When the maintenance is completed and the cluster electrolytic stack 21 is restarted or when the cluster electrolytic stack is restarted after shutdown, at the initial startup, the third control valve 53 corresponding to the cluster electrolytic stack 21 is first closed, and the second control valve 52 is opened, so that the produced hydrogen is discharged through the hydrogen exhaust pipe 24. When the running time of the cluster electrolytic stack 21 exceeds the predetermined time, the controller controls the second control valve 52 corresponding to the cluster electrolytic stack 21 to open, and closes the second control valve 52 corresponding to the cluster electrolytic stack 21. The predetermined time of this application is related to the environment and the hydrogen production efficiency of the electrolytic stack 21, so this application does not make a specific limitation on the predetermined time.

[0094] When problems such as blockage occur in the branch hydrogen outlet pipeline 222, the hydrogen pressure of the hydrogen outlet pipeline will be caused to increase sharply. To avoid excessive hydrogen pressure, hydrogen explosion occurs, or the hydrogen under excessive pressure is delivered to the predetermined device, thereby affecting the predetermined device. In the present embodiment, each group of monitoring components also includes a pressure sensor 45, and each pressure sensor 45 is arranged in each branch hydrogen outlet pipeline 222 in a one-to-one correspondence. The pressure sensor 45 is used to monitor the pressure of the hydrogen in the branch hydrogen outlet pipeline 222. Wherein, when the pressure sensor 45 monitors the pressure of the hydrogen in a branch hydrogen outlet pipeline 222 and is higher than the first predetermined pressure, the controller controls the second control valve 52 of the root branch hydrogen outlet pipeline 222 to open, and controls the third control valve 53 of the root branch hydrogen outlet pipeline 222 to close.

[0095] That is to say, when the pressure of the hydrogen in a branch hydrogen outlet pipeline 222 is higher than the first predetermined pressure, it is now necessary to discharge the hydrogen in the root hydrogen outlet pipeline through an exhaust pipe, so that the hydrogen pressure in the root hydrogen outlet pipeline 222 is relieved on the one hand, and on the other hand, it is avoided that the hydrogen pressure in the root hydrogen outlet pipeline is too large, causing hydrogen to be input to a predetermined device, affecting the predetermined device. Therefore, the controller needs to control and open the second control valve 52, and control the third control valve 53 to be closed. In certain embodiments, each branch hydrogen outlet pipeline 222 is provided with a second alarm element, and the second alarm element is electrically connected to the controller. When the hydrogen pressure in the branch hydrogen outlet pipeline 222 is higher than the first predetermined pressure, the controller controls the second alarm element to send a warning signal to remind the staff that the branch hydrogen outlet pipeline 222 has malfunctioned.

[0096] In a specific embodiment, the branch hydrogen outlet pipeline 222 includes a primary hydrogen outlet pipeline 2221 and multiple secondary hydrogen outlet pipelines 2222 connected to the primary hydrogen outlet pipeline 2221. The primary hydrogen outlet pipeline 2221 is connected to the mainstream hydrogen outlet pipeline 221, and the multiple secondary hydrogen outlet pipelines 2222 are connected one-to-one with multiple electrolytic stacks 21 of the corresponding cluster.

[0097] It is understandable that after the electrolytic stack 21 produces hydrogen, the hydrogen first enters the secondary hydrogen outlet pipe 2222, and then the hydrogen in each secondary hydrogen outlet pipe 2222 converges into the corresponding primary hydrogen outlet pipe 2221. Finally, the hydrogen in each primary hydrogen outlet pipe 2221 can be discharged through the exhaust pipe, or it can be transported to the predetermined device through the mainstream hydrogen outlet channel 22. The arrangement of this embodiment can, to a certain extent, reduce the impact of the output hydrogen confluence on the hydrogen outlet channel 22, and can set, for example, a flow sensor 44 and a temperature sensor 41 between each secondary hydrogen outlet pipe 2222 and each electrolytic stack 21 to facilitate the detection of the hydrogen production situation of each electrolytic stack 21.

[0098] In some embodiments, the hydrogen exhaust pipe 24 includes a mainstream exhaust pipe 241, a first exhaust pipe 242 and a second exhaust pipe 243. The first exhaust pipe 242 is connected to the mainstream exhaust pipe 241, and the second exhaust pipe 243 is connected to the mainstream exhaust pipe 241. The second control valve 52 is arranged on the first exhaust pipe 242, the mainstream exhaust pipe 241 is provided with a fourth control valve 54, the second exhaust pipe 243 is provided with a burst valve 55, and the fourth control valve 54 is electrically connected to the controller.

[0099] When an electrolysis stack 21 is damaged in a cluster of electrolysis stacks 21, the controller controls the corresponding hydrogen exhaust pipe 24 and the fourth control valve 54 and the third control valve 53 on the mainstream hydrogen outlet pipe 221 to be closed, and controls the corresponding power supply 31 to stop supplying power to the cluster of electrolysis stacks 21. When the pressure sensor 45 detects that the pressure in the first-level hydrogen outlet pipe 2221 is higher than the second predetermined pressure, the controller controls the second control valve 52 and the third control valve 53 to be closed. At this time, the burst valve 55 is opened by the action of the hydrogen pressure, and the hydrogen in the first-level hydrogen outlet channel 22 is discharged from the second exhaust pipe 243. In this embodiment, the value of the second predetermined pressure is greater than the value of the first predetermined pressure. In this application, the first control valve 51 is a pressure regulating valve, the second control valve 52 is a solenoid valve, and the third control valve 53 and the fourth control valve 54 are both ball valves. The fourth control valve 54 is in an open state when the hydrogen production system is in normal working condition and is closed only when the electrolytic stack 21 in the corresponding cluster fails. This embodiment uses the above design to improve the safety performance of the hydrogen production system and prevent hydrogen explosion caused by excessive hydrogen pressure.

[0100] In some embodiments, as shown in the attached Figure 5 To the attached Figure 9 As shown, the hydrogen production system also includes a hydrogen outlet pipeline assembly 63, which includes an insulating block 632, a first connecting component 631, and a second connecting component 633. The insulating block 632 is disposed within the protective shell 25, and a first channel is provided within the insulating block 632. The first connecting component 631 is located within the protective shell 25 and is connected between the first end of the first channel and the hydrogen outlet 213. One end of the second connecting component 633 is connected to the second end of the first channel, and the other end of the second connecting component 633 is connected to the secondary hydrogen outlet pipeline 2222.

[0101] Specifically, when the external components of the electrolytic stack 21 generate leakage, the insulating block 632 is provided, and the insulating block 632 blocks the current, thereby preventing the current from entering the electrolysis chamber from the secondary hydrogen outlet pipe 2222. At the same time, the provision of the first connecting component 631 and the second connecting component 633 of this embodiment improves the sealing performance, preventing hydrogen from leaking from between the first connecting component 631 and the hydrogen outlet 213, between the first connecting component 631 and the insulating block 632, between the second connecting component 633 and the insulating block 632, and between the second connecting component 633 and the secondary hydrogen outlet pipe 2222, thereby preventing the leaked hydrogen from exploding under the action of the leaked current. Therefore, the structure of this embodiment can, to a certain extent, avoid the problem of hydrogen safety accidents in the electrolytic hydrogen production device caused by external current.

[0102] Furthermore, the first connecting component 631 includes a first joint 6311, a connecting pipe 6312 and a second joint 6313, the second connecting component 633 includes a third joint 6331, the first joint 6311 is sealedly connected between the first end of the connecting pipe 6312 and the hydrogen outlet 213, the second joint 6313 is sealedly connected between the second end of the connecting pipe 6312 and the first end of the first channel, and the third joint 6331 is sealedly connected between the second end of the first channel and the secondary hydrogen outlet pipe 2222.

[0103] In addition, the segmented arrangement of the first joint 6311, the second joint 6313, the third joint 6331 and the connecting pipe 6312 enables the hydrogen outlet pipe assembly 63 to be modularized, that is, when one of the first joint 6311, the second joint 6313, the third joint 6331 or the connecting pipe 6312 is damaged, it can be replaced separately without replacing the entire first connecting part 631 or the entire second connecting part 633. On the other hand, the first joint 6311, the second joint 6313 and the third joint 6331 of the present application can also disperse the stress in the hydrogen outlet pipe assembly 63, avoid hydrogen from impacting the hydrogen outlet pipe assembly 63 for a long time, resulting in excessive stress in a certain part of the hydrogen outlet pipe assembly 63, causing the hydrogen outlet pipe assembly 63 to be easily damaged. In other words, the arrangement of multiple joints requires hydrogen to change its flow direction multiple times in the hydrogen outlet pipe assembly 63, thereby reducing the kinetic energy of hydrogen and reducing the impact of hydrogen on the hydrogen outlet pipe assembly 63.

[0104] In summary, the hydrogen production system of the present application has multiple clusters of electrolytic stacks 21, and each cluster of electrolytic stacks 21 includes multiple electrolytic stacks 21 electrically connected in series, and the hydrogen production system also includes multiple power supplies 31, and each power supply 31 is electrically connected to each cluster of electrolytic stacks 21 in a one-to-one correspondence. At the same time, the present application also provides a controller and multiple groups of monitoring components, each group of monitoring components corresponds to each electrolytic stack 21, and the controller is electrically connected to each monitoring component and each power supply 31, so that when there is one or more electrolytic stacks 21 in a cluster of electrolytic stacks 21 and a fault occurs, the controller can control the corresponding power supply 31 to stop supplying power to the cluster electrolytic stack 21, so that the remaining cluster electrolytic stacks 21 work normally, so as to prevent the need to shut down the entire hydrogen production system in order to maintain the damaged electrolytic stack 21. On the other hand, the liquid supply channel 13, the hydrogen outlet channel 22 and the reflux channel 23 in the present application all adopt a multi-stage pipeline design so that the monitoring component can accurately monitor the operating status of each electrolytic stack 21. At the same time, the present application provides a flow limiting pipe 61 between the liquid supply channel 13 and each electrolytic stack 21, and an insulating pipe 62 between the return channel 23 and each electrolytic stack 21. The flow limiting pipe 61 reduces the flow fluctuation of the electrolyte between the electrolytes entering each electrolytic stack 21 in a cluster, and prevents the flow of the electrolyte entering part of the electrolytic stack 21 in a cluster from being too high compared to the flow of the electrolyte entering the electrolytic stack 21 in another part. The insulating pipe 62 avoids the generation of an additional current loop on the return channel 23 under the action of the discharged electrolyte, thereby improving the safety of the hydrogen production system and reducing the temperature rise of the hydrogen production system to a certain extent. In addition, through the design of the hydrogen discharge pipe 24, the second control valve 52, the third control valve 53 and the pressure sensor 45, the hydrogen production purity and safety performance of the hydrogen production system are further improved.

[0105] For ease of description, spatially relative terms such as "above," "on the upper surface of," "on top of," etc. may be used herein to describe the spatial positional relationship of a device or feature to other devices or features as shown in the figures. It should be understood that spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is inverted, a device described as "above" or "on top of" other devices or structures would then be positioned as "below" or "below" the other devices or structures. Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both the orientations of "above" and "below." The device may also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatially relative descriptions used herein should be interpreted accordingly.

[0106] In addition, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to limit components is only for the convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components. Unless otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meaning and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of this application.

[0107] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that various modifications and variations are possible. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included within the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A hydrogen production system, characterized in that: include: A liquid supply mechanism, the liquid supply mechanism comprising a liquid storage tank (11), a liquid inlet channel (12) and a liquid supply channel (13), wherein the liquid inlet channel (12) is in communication with the liquid storage tank (11); An electrolytic hydrogen production mechanism, the electrolytic hydrogen production mechanism comprising a hydrogen outlet channel (22), a reflux channel (23) and a plurality of electrolytic cell stacks (21), each cluster of the electrolytic cell stacks (21) comprising a plurality of the electrolytic cell stacks (21), the plurality of the electrolytic cell stacks (21) in each cluster of the electrolytic cell stacks (21) being electrically connected in series, the liquid supply channel (13) being connected between the liquid storage tank (11) and each of the electrolytic cell stacks (21), the hydrogen outlet channel (22) being connected to each of the electrolytic cell stacks (21), and the reflux channel (23) being connected between the liquid storage tank (11) and each of the electrolytic cell stacks (21); A power supply component (30), the power supply component (30) comprising a plurality of power supplies (31), each of the power supplies (31) being electrically connected to each cluster of the electrolytic cell stacks (21) in a one-to-one correspondence; A monitoring component, the monitoring component comprising a plurality of groups, each group of the monitoring components being provided in one-to-one correspondence with each of the electrolytic stacks (21), the monitoring component being used at least to monitor whether the electrolytic stack (21) is in a normal working state; A controller, the controller being electrically connected to the monitoring component, and the controller being electrically connected to each of the power supplies (31), and when the monitoring component detects that one or more of the electrolytic stacks (21) in a cluster of the electrolytic stacks (21) are in an abnormal working state, the controller controls the power supply (31) to stop supplying current to the electrolytic stacks (21) in the cluster; The electrolytic stack (21) is provided with a liquid inlet (211) and a liquid outlet (212), and the liquid supply mechanism further comprises a flow-limiting pipe (61), wherein the flow-limiting pipe (61) is arranged between the liquid inlet (211) and the liquid supply channel (13), and the maximum inner diameter of the flow-limiting pipe (61) is smaller than the minimum inner diameter of the liquid supply channel (13).

2. The hydrogen production system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each group of monitoring components includes: a temperature sensor (41), each of the temperature sensors (41) being arranged one-to-one between the reflux channel (23) and each of the electrolytic stacks (21), the temperature sensor (41) being used to monitor the temperature of the electrolyte flowing out of the electrolytic stack (21), and when the temperature sensor (41) detects that the temperature of the electrolyte flowing out of the electrolytic stack (21) exceeds a predetermined temperature range, the controller controls the power supply (31) to stop supplying current to the electrolytic stack (21) of the cluster; and / or, voltage sensors (42), each of the voltage sensors (42) being provided in a one-to-one correspondence with each of the electrolytic cell stacks (21), the voltage sensors (42) being used to monitor the operating voltage of the electrolytic cell stacks (21), and when the voltage sensors (42) detect that the operating voltage of the electrolytic cell stacks (21) exceeds a predetermined voltage range, the controller controls the power supply (31) to stop providing current to the electrolytic cell stacks (21) of the cluster; and / or, A hydrogen sensor (43) is provided in a one-to-one correspondence with each of the electrolytic stacks (21). The hydrogen sensor (43) is used to monitor whether hydrogen is present outside the electrolytic stack (21). When the hydrogen sensor (43) detects that hydrogen is present outside the electrolytic stack (21), the controller controls the power supply (31) to stop providing current to the electrolytic stacks (21) of the cluster.

3. The hydrogen production system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The reflux channel (23) comprises: A main flow return pipe (231), the main flow return pipe (231) being in communication with the liquid storage tank (11); A branch return pipe (232), the branch return pipe (232) includes a plurality of branch return pipes (232), the plurality of branch return pipes (232) are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of clusters of electrolytic cell stacks (21), each branch return pipe (232) includes a primary return pipe (2321) and a plurality of secondary return pipes (2322) connected to the primary return pipe (2321), the primary return pipe (2321) is connected to the main return pipe (231), the plurality of secondary return pipes (2322) are connected in a one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of electrolytic cell stacks (21) of the corresponding cluster, and the temperature sensor (41) is arranged between each secondary return pipe (2322) and each corresponding electrolytic cell stack (21).

4. The hydrogen production system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electrolytic hydrogen production mechanism further includes an insulating pipe (62), and the insulating pipe (62) is arranged between the liquid outlet (212) and the reflux channel (23).

5. The hydrogen production system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ratio of the maximum inner diameter R1 of the flow-limiting pipe (61) to the minimum inner diameter R of the liquid supply channel (13) satisfies the relationship: 1.5≤R / R1≤2.

0.

6. The hydrogen production system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The electrolytic hydrogen production mechanism further includes a protective shell (25), the protective shell (25) having a first inner wall surface (251), and the electrolytic stack (21) is arranged in the protective shell (25) and mounted on the first inner wall surface (251); A first annular groove (2511) and a second annular groove (2512) are provided on the first inner wall surface (251) and are arranged around the outer periphery of the electrolytic stack (21); the insulating pipe (62) is embedded in the first annular groove (2511), and the insulating pipe (62) is spirally arranged along the depth direction of the first annular groove (2511); the current limiting pipe (61) is embedded in the second annular groove (2512), and the current limiting pipe (61) is spirally arranged along the depth direction of the second annular groove (2512).

7. The hydrogen production system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: Each group of the monitoring components includes a flow sensor (44), each of the flow sensors (44) is arranged one-to-one between each of the liquid supply channels (13) and each of the electrolytic stacks (21), and the flow sensor (44) is used to monitor the flow of the electrolyte entering the electrolytic stack (21); The liquid supply mechanism further comprises a first control valve (51), the first control valve (51) being arranged in the liquid supply channel (13), and the first control valve (51) being electrically connected to the controller; When the flow sensor (44) detects that the flow of the electrolyte entering the electrolytic stack (21) exceeds a first predetermined flow range, the controller controls the first control valve (51) to adjust the flow of the electrolyte in the liquid supply channel (13).

8. The hydrogen production system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The liquid supply mechanism further comprises a pump body (60), the pump body (60) being arranged in the liquid supply channel (13), and the pump body (60) being electrically connected to the controller; When each of the flow sensors (44) detects that the sum of the flow rates of the electrolyte entering each of the electrolytic stacks (21) exceeds a second predetermined flow rate range, the controller controls the pump body (60) to adjust the flow rate of the electrolyte in the liquid supply channel (13).

9. The hydrogen production system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The liquid supply channel (13) comprises: A main flow liquid supply pipeline (131), the main flow liquid supply pipeline (131) is in communication with the liquid storage tank (11); A branch liquid supply pipeline (132), the branch liquid supply pipeline (132) includes a plurality of branch liquid supply pipelines (132), the plurality of branch liquid supply pipelines (132) are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of clusters of electrolytic cell stacks (21), each branch liquid supply pipeline (132) includes a primary liquid supply pipeline (1321) and a plurality of secondary liquid supply pipelines (1322) connected to the primary liquid supply pipeline (1321), the primary liquid supply pipeline (1321) is connected to the main liquid supply pipeline (131), the plurality of secondary liquid supply pipelines (1322) are connected in a one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of electrolytic cell stacks (21) of the corresponding cluster, and the flow sensor (44) is arranged between each secondary liquid supply pipeline (1322) and each corresponding electrolytic cell stack (21).

10. The hydrogen production system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The hydrogen outlet channel (22) includes a mainstream hydrogen outlet pipeline (221) and a plurality of branch hydrogen outlet pipelines (222), the first end of each branch hydrogen outlet pipeline (222) is connected to the mainstream hydrogen outlet pipeline (221), each branch hydrogen outlet pipeline (222) is arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with each cluster of electrolysis stacks (21), and each electrolysis stack (21) in a cluster of electrolysis stacks (21) is connected to the corresponding branch hydrogen outlet pipeline (222), and the electrolysis hydrogen production mechanism further includes: a hydrogen discharge pipeline (24), the hydrogen discharge pipeline (24) being in communication with the second end of each of the branch hydrogen outlet pipelines (222); Second control valves (52), each of the second control valves (52) being arranged one-to-one between the hydrogen exhaust pipe (24) and each of the branch hydrogen outlet pipes (222), and each of the second control valves (52) being electrically connected to the controller; a third control valve (53), each of the third control valves (53) being arranged one-to-one between the main hydrogen outlet pipeline (221) and each of the branch hydrogen outlet pipelines (222), and each of the third control valves (53) being electrically connected to the controller; The controller is further configured to record the operating time of each cluster of the electrolysis stacks (21). When the operating time of a cluster of the electrolysis stacks (21) is less than a predetermined time, the controller controls the second control valve (52) corresponding to the electrolysis stacks (21) of the cluster to open, and controls the third control valve (53) corresponding to the electrolysis stacks (21) of the cluster to close; and when the operating time of a cluster of the electrolysis stacks (21) is greater than the predetermined time, the controller controls the second control valve (52) corresponding to the electrolysis stacks (21) of the cluster to close, and controls the third control valve (53) corresponding to the electrolysis stacks (21) of the cluster to open.

11. The hydrogen production system according to claim 10, characterized in that: Each group of the monitoring components includes a pressure sensor (45), each of the pressure sensors (45) is arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with each of the branch hydrogen outlet pipelines (222), and the pressure sensor (45) is used to monitor the pressure of hydrogen in the branch hydrogen outlet pipeline (222); When the pressure sensor (45) detects that the pressure of the hydrogen in one of the branch hydrogen outlet pipelines (222) is higher than a first predetermined pressure, the controller controls the second control valve (52) corresponding to the branch hydrogen outlet pipeline (222) to open, and controls the third control valve (53) corresponding to the branch hydrogen outlet pipeline (222) to close.

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