Hydraulic impactor and drilling device

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of drilling equipment, and particularly discloses a hydraulic impactor and a drilling device.The hydraulic impactor comprises an upper valve, an upper valve seat, an upper piston sleeve seat, an upper piston sleeve, an upper piston, a core valve, a lower piston impact hammer and a lower piston sleeve. The drilling device is provided with a drill bit and further comprises the hydraulic impactor, the drill bit is installed on the outer pipe and located at the end close to the lower piston sleeve, and the drill bit makes contact with the lower piston sleeve. The hydraulic impactor is of a two-stage piston linkage structure, an upper valve and an upper piston are driven through liquid cavity pressure difference, a lower piston punch hammer is in mechanical linkage with a core valve, and three-stage motion coupling of the upper valve, the core valve and the punch hammer is formed; the upper piston sleeve and the sleeve seat are in interference-clearance fit and are bidirectionally fixed, so that the sealing and guiding precision is ensured; the core valve controls opening and closing of the drainage port through the limiting step, and self-adaptive adjustment of the impact frequency is achieved. And the drill bit adapts to various complex stratums, effectively reduces the anti-drilling strength of rocks, and improves the attack ability of the drill bit.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of drilling equipment, and particularly relates to a hydraulic impactor and a drilling device. Background Art

[0002] In deep and large-diameter wellbores, problems such as low rock-breaking efficiency, short lifespan, and premature bit failure caused by vibration of conventional PDC bits greatly increase the development cost of deep-layer oil and gas. Impact rock-breaking is one of the most effective mechanical speed-up methods to solve the problems of low rock-breaking efficiency and slow mechanical drilling speed of bits in deep hard formations. Practice shows that impact rock-breaking can increase the speed by 35% - 135%.

[0003] An impactor is often used for impact rock-breaking. Impactors are divided into pneumatic impactors and hydraulic impactors. Among them, a hydraulic impactor is also called a hydraulic impact rotary drill and a hydraulic down-the-hole hammer. It is a down-hole power tool that uses drilling and flushing fluid as the power medium and generates continuous impact loads by using the energy of high-pressure fluid flow and dynamic water hammer energy. It is usually directly connected to the upper part of the core drill, and while rotating and drilling, it transmits continuous impact loads to the core bit, enabling the bit to break rocks in two ways: rotary cutting and impact.

[0004] Due to the influence of insufficient power transmission efficiency of the drill string on the existing hydraulic impactor, the impact work is relatively small, which can only limitedly stimulate the micro-cracks inside the rock. Although there is a speed-up effect, it cannot meet the engineering expectations. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Aiming at the above existing problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a hydraulic impactor and a drilling device with effective impact effects.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is: a hydraulic impactor, including an upper valve, an upper valve seat, an upper piston sleeve seat, an upper piston sleeve, an upper piston, a core valve, a lower piston hammer, and a lower piston sleeve.

[0007] The upper valve has a piston hole. The upper valve seat is fixed on the outer pipe and has a second fluid passage. On one side near the inlet end in the second fluid passage, there is an annular step; the upper valve is slidably arranged in the inlet end of the second fluid passage, and the outer side wall of the upper valve contacts the annular step to close the second fluid passage at the annular step, and the annular step is used to provide a downward limit for the upper valve. The upper piston sleeve seat is fixed outside the upper valve seat and is located on one side of the outlet end of the second fluid passage. The upper piston sleeve is embedded in the outlet end of the second fluid passage. One end of the upper piston is slidably embedded in the upper piston sleeve and has a third fluid passage, and the inlet end of the third fluid passage communicates with the outlet end of the second fluid passage; the upper piston is used to close the outlet end of the second fluid passage, and the upper piston, the annular step and the upper valve enclose the second fluid passage into a liquid chamber. The core valve is slidably arranged at the outlet end of the third fluid passage. The core valve has a core valve bleed port. One end of the lower piston ram is fixed to the other end of the upper piston and is provided with a fourth fluid passage. The inlet end of the fourth fluid passage communicates with the outlet end of the third fluid passage. When the core valve is in the initial position, the core valve bleed port is closed to block the inlet end of the fourth fluid passage. After the drilling fluid is injected into the liquid chamber from the piston hole, the fourth fluid passage is in a blocked state, and the drilling fluid accumulates in the liquid chamber and drives the upper valve to slide, so that a pressure difference is formed in the liquid chamber. The pressure difference in the liquid chamber causes the upper piston to slide in the upper piston sleeve, and the lower piston ram moves with the upper piston. The lower piston sleeve is movably sleeved on the other end of the lower piston ram and is provided with a lower piston ram bleed port. The inlet end of the lower piston ram bleed port communicates with the outlet end of the fourth fluid passage, and the lower piston bleed port is used to discharge the drilling fluid.

[0008] Further, an upper limit step is arranged on one side near the outlet end of the third fluid passage, and the upper limit step is used to provide an upward limit for the core valve; a lower limit step is arranged on one side of the inlet end of the fourth fluid passage, and the lower limit step is used to provide a downward limit for the core valve.

[0009] Furthermore, when the core valve is in the initial position, the core valve contacts the lower limit step.

[0010] Furthermore, the upper piston sleeve seat is press-fitted on the outer wall of the upper valve seat by interference fit.

[0011] Furthermore, the upper piston sleeve is embedded in the outlet end of the second fluid passage by clearance fit to form a two-way fixation with the upper piston sleeve seat.

[0012] Furthermore, upper connecting blocks and lower connecting blocks are respectively arranged at both ends of the outer pipe in a one-to-one correspondence. The upper connecting block has a first fluid passage. The upper connecting block is used to connect with the drill pipe. The inlet end of the first fluid passage is used to communicate with the drill pipe, and the outlet end of the first fluid passage communicates with the inlet end of the second fluid passage. The lower connecting block has a fifth fluid passage. The inlet end of the fifth fluid passage communicates with the outlet end of the lower piston ram bleed port.

[0013] Furthermore, the cross-sections of the first fluid channel, the second fluid channel, the third fluid channel, the fourth fluid channel, and the fifth fluid channel are all cylindrical structures, and the first fluid channel, the second fluid channel, the third fluid channel, the fourth fluid channel, and the fifth fluid channel are arranged coaxially with the outer tube.

[0014] A drilling device has a drill bit and further includes the hydraulic impactor, and the drill bit is installed on the lower connection block.

[0015] Further, the drill bit includes a drill bit housing, a shock-absorbing spring, a friction sleeve, a drill bit fixing block, and a drilling bit.

[0016] The drill bit housing is fixed on the lower connection block and has a piston chamber, and the inlet end of the piston chamber is communicated with the outlet end of the lower piston hammer discharge port. The shock-absorbing spring is arranged in the piston chamber and contacts the piston chamber at one end. The friction sleeve is an elastic structure, one end of which is fixed at the inlet end of the piston chamber, and a sixth fluid channel is arranged in the friction sleeve, and the inlet end of the sixth fluid channel is communicated with the inlet end of the piston chamber. The drill bit fixing block is slidably arranged in the piston chamber, one end of which is connected to the other end of the friction sleeve and contacts the other end of the shock-absorbing spring, and a seventh fluid channel is arranged inside the drill bit fixing block, and the inlet end of the seventh fluid channel is communicated with the outlet end of the sixth fluid channel. The drilling bit is fixed at the other end of the drill bit fixing block, and a nozzle is arranged on the side of the drilling bit away from the drill bit fixing block. An eighth fluid channel is arranged inside the drilling bit, and the inlet end of the eighth fluid channel is communicated with the outlet end of the seventh fluid channel, and the outlet end of the eighth fluid channel is communicated with the nozzle.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The hydraulic impactor adopts a two-stage piston linkage structure: the upper valve and the upper piston are driven by the pressure difference in the liquid chamber, and the lower piston hammer and the core valve are mechanically linked to form a three-stage motion coupling of "upper valve - core valve - hammer"; the upper piston sleeve and the socket are fixed bidirectionally with interference - clearance fit to ensure the sealing and guiding accuracy; the core valve controls the opening and closing of the discharge port through the limit step to realize the adaptive adjustment of the impact frequency.

[0018] The drill bit assembly adopts a stepped rock-breaking design: the drilling bit and the drill bit housing can achieve stepped rock-breaking, so that the wear of the drill bit is evenly distributed, and the service life is extended by 40% - 60%. The non-linear shock-absorbing system absorbs 90% of the high-frequency vibration energy, reduces the risk of drill tool failure, and cooperates with the variable pitch shock-absorbing spring and the friction sleeve to form a stress wave superposition and energy buffer transmission path, having an effective impact effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the drilling device of the present invention; Figure 2It is a partial structural schematic diagram of the drilling device of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the hydraulic impactor of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the drill bit when the shock-absorbing spring and the friction sleeve are in a compressed state in the present invention; Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the drill bit when the shock-absorbing spring and the friction sleeve are in a stretched state in the present invention.

[0020] Among them, 1 - outer tube, 11 - upper connecting block, 12 - lower connecting block, 21 - upper valve, 211 - piston hole, 22 - upper valve seat, 221 - annular step, 23 - upper piston sleeve seat, 24 - upper piston sleeve, 25 - upper piston, 251 - upper limit step, 26 - core valve, 27 - lower piston hammer, 271 - lower limit step, 28 - lower piston sleeve, 281 - lower piston hammer drain port, 29 - liquid cavity, 3 - drill bit, 30 - piston cavity, 31 - drill bit housing, 32 - shock-absorbing spring, 33 - friction sleeve, 34 - drill bit fixing block, 35 - drilling bit. Detailed implementation manners

[0021] Next, in combination with Figures 1 to 5 , the detailed implementation manners of the present invention will be described in detail. In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

[0022] The terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features; in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more.

[0023] Embodiment 1 Such as Figure 3 shown, a hydraulic impactor includes an upper valve 21, an upper valve seat 22, an upper piston sleeve seat 23, an upper piston sleeve 24, an upper piston 25, a core valve 26, a lower piston hammer 27 and a lower piston sleeve 28.

[0024] The upper valve 21 has a piston hole 211. The upper valve seat 22 is fixed on the outer tube 1 and has a second fluid passage. One side of the second fluid passage near the inlet end has an annular step 221. The upper valve 21 is slidably arranged in the inlet end of the second fluid passage. The outer side wall of the upper valve 21 contacts the annular step 221 to close the second fluid passage at the annular step 221. The annular step 221 is used to provide a downward limit for the upper valve 21. The upper piston sleeve seat 23 is fixed outside the upper valve seat 22 and is located on one side of the outlet end of the second fluid passage. The upper piston sleeve 24 is embedded in the outlet end of the second fluid passage. One end of the upper piston 25 is slidably embedded in the upper piston sleeve 24 and has a third fluid passage. The inlet end of the third fluid passage communicates with the outlet end of the second fluid passage. The upper piston 25 is used to close the outlet end of the second fluid passage. The upper piston 25, the annular step 221 and the upper valve 21 enclose a liquid chamber 29 in the second fluid passage. The heart valve 26 is slidably arranged at the outlet end of the third fluid passage. The heart valve 26 has a heart valve bleed port 261. One end of the lower piston hammer 27 is fixed to the other end of the upper piston 25 and is provided with a fourth fluid passage. The inlet end of the fourth fluid passage communicates with the outlet end of the third fluid passage. When the heart valve 26 is in the initial position, the heart valve 26 is used to block the inlet end of the fourth fluid passage. When drilling fluid is injected into the liquid chamber 29 from the piston hole 211, the fourth fluid passage is in a blocked state. The drilling fluid accumulates in the liquid chamber 29 and drives the upper valve 21 to slide, so that a pressure difference is formed in the liquid chamber 29. The pressure difference in the liquid chamber 29 causes the upper piston 25 to slide in the upper piston sleeve 24, and the lower piston hammer 27 moves with the upper piston 25. The lower piston sleeve 28 is movably sleeved on the other end of the lower piston hammer 24 and is provided with a lower piston hammer bleed port 281. The inlet end of the lower piston hammer bleed port 281 communicates with the outlet end of the fourth fluid passage. The lower piston bleed port 281 is used to discharge the drilling fluid.

[0025] Preferably, an upper limit step 251 is arranged on one side of the third fluid passage near the outlet end. The upper limit step 251 is used to provide an upward limit for the heart valve 26. A lower limit step 271 is arranged on one side of the inlet end of the fourth fluid passage. The lower limit step 271 is used to provide a downward limit for the heart valve 26.

[0026] Preferably, when the heart valve 26 is in the initial position, the heart valve 26 contacts the lower limit step 271.

[0027] Preferably, the upper piston sleeve seat 23 is press-fitted on the outer wall of the upper valve seat 22 by interference fit.

[0028] Preferably, the upper piston sleeve 24 is embedded in the outlet end of the second fluid passage by clearance fit and forms a two-way fixation with the upper piston sleeve seat 23. The upper piston sleeve 24 is made of an insulating sealing material, and in this embodiment, ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber is specifically used.

[0029] Preferably, as Figure 2As shown in the figure, upper connection blocks 11 and lower connection blocks 12 are respectively arranged at both ends of the outer pipe 1. The upper connection block 11 has a first fluid passage. The upper connection block 11 is used for connecting with the drill pipe. The inlet end of the first fluid passage is used for communicating with the drill pipe, and the outlet end of the first fluid passage is communicated with the inlet end of the second fluid passage. The lower connection block 12 has a fifth fluid passage, and the inlet end of the fifth fluid passage is communicated with the outlet end of the lower piston hammer drain port 281.

[0030] Preferably, the cross-sections of the first fluid passage, the second fluid passage, the third fluid passage, the fourth fluid passage, and the fifth fluid passage are all cylindrical structures, and the first fluid passage, the second fluid passage, the third fluid passage, the fourth fluid passage, and the fifth fluid passage are coaxially arranged with the outer pipe 1.

[0031] The working principle of this embodiment is as follows: Upward return stage: Starting from the lower piston sleeve 28 fitting in clearance with the lower piston hammer 27 and leaving the lower connection block 12, and ending when the top end of the upper piston 25 contacts the bottom end of the upper valve 21. The drilling fluid flows out from the lower end face of the lower piston sleeve 28 through the lower piston sleeve drain port 281, instantaneously generating a water hammer pressure, which pushes the lower piston sleeve 28 to drive the lower piston hammer 27 and the upper piston 25 to accelerate upward from the lowest end of their stroke until the upper end face of the upper piston 25 contacts the bottom end face of the upper valve 21, closing the piston hole 211; the valve core drain port 261 of the valve core 26 is in a closed state until the lower piston hammer 27 is at the end of the stroke, that is, when the top end face of the upper piston 25 is about to or just contacts the bottom end face of the upper valve 21, it starts to decelerate, and the valve core drain port 261 gradually opens, and the valve core 26 starts to move upward from the lower limit structure 271 of the lower piston hammer 27 and reaches the upper limit step 251 of the upper piston 25, and the upward return stage ends;

[0032] Accelerated downward stage: Starting from the upper piston 25 driving the lower piston hammer 27 to start accelerating downward and the upper valve 21 starting to move upward, and ending when the upper end face of the lower connection block 12 contacts the lower end face of the lower piston sleeve 28 sleeved on the lower part of the lower piston hammer 27. The lower piston hammer 27 and the upper piston 25 accelerate downward under the action of the high-pressure liquid flow and their own gravity until the upper valve 21 is blocked by the annular step 221 and the upper valve 21 and the upper piston 25 are completely separated. In this stage, the valve core 26 first rises by inertia. After its upper end face contacts the limit step 251 of the upper piston 25, the lower piston hammer 27 drives the lower piston sleeve 28 just about to contact the lower connection block 12. At this time, the valve core 26 starts to accelerate downward, giving a secondary impact force to the lower piston hammer 27 and acting on the lower connection block 12. When the valve core 26 reaches the lower limit structure 271 of the lower piston hammer 27, the accelerated downward stage ends.

[0033] Embodiment 2 As Figure 1A drilling device as shown includes a drill bit 3 and also a hydraulic impactor. The drill bit 3 is mounted on the lower connecting block 12.

[0034] Preferably, as Figure 4 , Figure 5 shown, the drill bit 3 includes a drill bit housing 31, a shock-absorbing spring 32, a friction sleeve 33, a drill bit fixing block 34, and a drilling bit 35.

[0035] The drill bit housing 31 is fixed on the lower connecting block 12 and has a piston chamber 30. The inlet end of the piston chamber 30 communicates with the outlet end of the lower piston hammer drain port 281. In this embodiment, the drill bit housing 31 is hermetically connected to the lower connecting block 12 through API standard taper threads.

[0036] The shock-absorbing spring 32 is arranged in the piston chamber 30 and one end contacts the piston chamber 30. The friction sleeve 33 is an elastic structure. One end of it is fixed at the inlet end of the piston chamber 30. A sixth fluid passage is arranged in the friction sleeve 33, and the inlet end of the sixth fluid passage communicates with the inlet end of the piston chamber 30. The drill bit fixing block 34 is slidably arranged in the piston chamber 30. One end is connected to the other end of the friction sleeve 33 and contacts the other end of the shock-absorbing spring 32. A seventh fluid passage is arranged inside the drill bit fixing block 34, and the inlet end of the seventh fluid passage communicates with the outlet end of the sixth fluid passage. The drilling bit 35 is fixed at the other end of the drill bit fixing block 34. There is a nozzle on the side of the drilling bit 35 away from the drill bit fixing block 34. An eighth fluid passage is arranged inside the drilling bit 35, and the inlet end of the eighth fluid passage communicates with the outlet end of the seventh fluid passage, and the outlet end of the eighth fluid passage communicates with the nozzle. It should be noted that: In this embodiment, the friction sleeve 33 is a commercially available product, which is a carbon fiber reinforced titanium matrix composite material with the specific model IMR-TiC / CF-05. The shock-absorbing spring 32 is a variable pitch helical spring, which is sleeved outside the friction sleeve 33. Its stiffness coefficient changes non-linearly, with an initial stiffness of 50 N / mm to 60 N / mm and a maximum stiffness of 120 N / mm to 150 N / mm. Both ends of the shock-absorbing spring 32 are in interference fit with the drill bit fixing block 34 and the friction sleeve 33 respectively. The side wall of the friction sleeve 33 is provided with a wear-resistant coating, and the friction coefficient is controlled at 0.12 to 0.15.

[0037] The principle of the shock-absorbing spring 32 when drilling fluid enters the drill bit is as follows: When the drilling device vibrates downward, the drilling pressure increases instantaneously, and the drill bit housing 31 is pressured to drill. At this time, the shock-absorbing spring 32 is compressed and stores elastic potential energy. When the drilling device vibrates upward, the drilling pressure decreases, and the shock-absorbing spring 32 releases the stored energy, pushes the drill bit fixing block 34 and drives the drilling bit 35 to move downward, providing axial drilling pressure for it to achieve the independent drilling of the drilling bit.

[0038] Preferably, the drill bit 3 is threadedly engaged with the internal sealing thread of the lower connecting block 12 through a precision threaded interface at the upper part of the drill bit housing 31. This threaded engagement adopts the API standard taper thread design, and the thread profile is trapezoidal with a bias. After the mating torque reaches the predetermined value, plastic deformation occurs on the threaded joint surface, forming a metal-metal seal, effectively preventing the intrusion of high-pressure downhole fluids into the drill string. During installation, first apply a special threaded sealant to the threaded surface, and then use a hydraulic tong to apply the specified make-up torque to ensure the connection strength and airtightness.

[0039] Among them, the shock-absorbing spring 32 has a compression amount of 50 mm to 60 mm under the maximum impact load, stores 250 J to 300 J of energy, and has a rebound release efficiency of 80% to 90%, forming an auxiliary drilling force lasting for 10 ms to 15 ms.

[0040] The working principle of this embodiment is as follows: After the drilling fluid is injected into the liquid chamber 29 from the piston hole 211, it drives the upper valve 21 to move, creating a pressure difference in the liquid chamber 29.

[0041] Due to the different effective areas of the hydraulic pressure actions of the upper valve 21 and the lower piston hammer 27, the upper valve 21 accelerates upward first under the action of the pressure difference, while the lower piston hammer 27 lags in upward speed due to its larger mass. The upper valve 21 stops after moving upward to contact the lower end of the upper connecting block 11. At this time, the core valve 26 is still at the lower limit of its stroke, and the inlet end of the fourth fluid passage remains closed.

[0042] Subsequently, the lower piston hammer 27 drives the upper piston 25 upward. The upper end surface of the upper piston 25 contacts the lower end surface of the upper valve 21, closing the piston hole 211. The drilling fluid cannot flow through the piston hole 211, resulting in an increase in pressure on the upper end surface of the upper valve 21 and a decrease in pressure on the lower end surface. As a result, the upper valve 21 starts to move downward. At this time, the upper valve 21 obstructs the still rising lower piston hammer 27, and the two decelerate together until they stop and then accelerate downward under the action of the liquid pressure in the upper chamber of the upper valve 21. At the same time, the core valve 26 loses the pressure difference between the upper and lower sides after the flow passage is closed, but continues to rise due to inertia. The inlet end of the fourth fluid passage gradually opens, and the pressure in the fourth fluid passage decreases, reducing the downward resistance.

[0043] When the upper valve 21, the lower piston hammer 27, and the core valve 26 accelerate downward together, the core valve 26 will first contact the upper limit step 251, and the inlet end of the fourth fluid passage will be fully opened, and the pressure in the fourth fluid passage will drop to the lowest. Subsequently, the three move downward together until the upper valve 21 touches the lower limit point of the annular step 221 and stops, while the lower piston hammer 27 and the core valve 26 continue to move downward. At this time, the upper valve 21 is separated from the upper piston 25, the drilling fluid flow passage is reopened, the core valve 21 accelerates downward under the action of the pressure difference, the lower piston hammer 27 begins to decelerate, a relative movement occurs between the two, and the core valve discharge port 261 gradually closes, and the pressure in the fourth fluid passage increases accordingly.

[0044] Finally, the lower piston hammer 27 impacts the lower connecting block 12 at the maximum speed, transferring the impact energy to the drill bit 3, while the core valve 26 continues to move downward by inertia, completely closing the inlet end of the fourth fluid passage, isolating the fourth fluid passage from the low-pressure cavity of the external outer pipe 1. The pressure in the fourth fluid passage further increases, pushing the lower piston hammer 27 to start accelerating upward and entering the next working cycle. This process repeats continuously, converting the hydraulic energy of the drilling fluid into periodic impact force, thereby improving the drilling efficiency.

[0045] During the drilling process, the alternating work of the drill bit housing 31 and the drilling bit 35 is achieved through the vibration of the hydraulic impactor. The vibration of the hydraulic impactor causes fluctuations in the drilling pressure, which helps the drill bit break rocks more effectively, thereby increasing the drilling speed. The alternating use of the drill bit housing 31 and the drilling bit 35 reduces the wear of a single drill bit, extends the service life of the drill bit, and better adapts to complex geological conditions. When the hydraulic impactor vibrates downward, due to the direct connection between the upper part of the drilling bit 35 and the drill bit fixing block 34, the instantaneous increase in the drilling pressure directly acts on the drill bit housing 31, enabling it to drill into the rock more effectively under pressure. This instantaneous increase in pressure helps overcome the resistance of the rock and achieve rapid rock breaking. During this process, the shock-absorbing spring 32 is gradually compressed and stores energy. When the hydraulic impactor 2 vibrates upward, this stored energy is released to help the drill bit continue drilling, maintaining a high drilling efficiency even when facing hard rock formations. In addition, the energy storage and release mechanism of the shock-absorbing spring 32 can also reduce the damage to the drill string caused by the vibration of the hydraulic impactor 2 and protect the drill string from excessive impact. After the drilling fluid passes through the lower piston hammer discharge port 281, it enters the fifth fluid passage of the lower connecting block 12, and then passes through the sixth fluid passage, the seventh fluid passage, and the eighth fluid passage in sequence and is sprayed out through the nozzle for cooling the drill bit and carrying rock cuttings.

[0046] The specific embodiments described above further elaborate on the objectives, technical solutions, and beneficial effects of the present invention. It should be understood that the above are only specific embodiments of the present invention and do not limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hydraulic impactor, characterized in that, Comprising: An upper valve, having a piston hole; An upper valve seat, fixed on the outer tube, having a second fluid passage, and having an annular step on one side close to the inlet end within the second fluid passage; the upper valve is slidably arranged within the inlet end of the second fluid passage, and the outer sidewall of the upper valve contacts the annular step for closing the second fluid passage at the annular step, and the annular step is used to provide a downward limit for the upper valve; An upper piston sleeve seat, fixed on the outside of the upper valve seat, located on one side of the outlet end of the second fluid passage; An upper piston sleeve, embedded in the outlet end of the second fluid passage; An upper piston, one end of which is slidably embedded in the upper piston sleeve, having a third fluid passage, and the inlet end of the third fluid passage communicates with the outlet end of the second fluid passage; the upper piston is used to close the outlet end of the second fluid passage, and the upper piston, the annular step and the upper valve enclose a liquid chamber within the second fluid passage; A core valve, slidably arranged at the outlet end of the third fluid passage, and the core valve has a core valve discharge port; A lower piston impact hammer, one end of which is fixed to the other end of the upper piston, provided with a fourth fluid passage, and the inlet end of the fourth fluid passage communicates with the outlet end of the third fluid passage; A lower piston sleeve, movably sleeved on the other end of the lower piston impact hammer, provided with a lower piston impact hammer discharge port, and the inlet end of the lower piston impact hammer discharge port communicates with the outlet end of the fourth fluid passage, and the lower piston discharge port is used for discharging drilling fluid.

2. The hydraulic impactor according to claim 1, characterized in that, An upper limit step is arranged on one side close to the outlet end of the third fluid passage, and the upper limit step is used to provide an upward limit for the core valve; a lower limit step is arranged on one side of the inlet end of the fourth fluid passage, and the lower limit step is used to provide a downward limit for the core valve.

3. A hydraulic impactor according to claim 2, wherein, When the core valve is in the initial position, the core valve contacts the lower limit step.

4. The hydraulic impactor according to claim 3, wherein, The upper piston sleeve seat is press-fitted on the outer wall of the upper valve seat by interference fit.

5. The hydraulic impactor according to claim 4, characterized in that, The upper piston sleeve is embedded in the outlet end of the second fluid passage by clearance fit, forming a two-way fixation with the upper piston sleeve seat.

6. The hydraulic impactor according to claim 5, wherein Upper and lower connection blocks are correspondingly arranged at both ends of the outer tube. The upper connection block has a first fluid passage, and the upper connection block is used for connecting with a drill pipe. The inlet end of the first fluid passage is used for communicating with the drill pipe, and the outlet end of the first fluid passage communicates with the inlet end of the second fluid passage. The lower connection block has a fifth fluid passage, and the inlet end of the fifth fluid passage communicates with the outlet end of the lower piston impact hammer discharge port.

7. The hydraulic impactor according to claim 6, wherein, The cross-sections of the first fluid passage, the second fluid passage, the third fluid passage, the fourth fluid passage and the fifth fluid passage are all cylindrical structures, and the first fluid passage, the second fluid passage, the third fluid passage, the fourth fluid passage, the fifth fluid passage are coaxially arranged with the outer tube.

8. A drilling device having a drill bit, characterized in that, It further includes the hydraulic impactor as described in claim 7, and the drill bit is installed on the lower connection block.

9. The drilling device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The drill bit includes: A drill bit housing, fixed on the lower connection block, having a piston chamber, and the inlet end of the piston chamber communicates with the outlet end of the lower piston impact hammer discharge port; A shock-absorbing spring, arranged within the piston chamber, one end of which contacts the piston chamber; A friction sleeve, which is an elastic structure, one end of which is fixed at the inlet end of the piston chamber, and a sixth fluid passage is arranged within the friction sleeve, and the inlet end of the sixth fluid passage communicates with the inlet end of the piston chamber; The drill bit fixing block is slidably arranged in the piston cavity, one end of which is connected to the other end of the friction sleeve and contacts the other end of the shock-absorbing spring. A seventh fluid passage is arranged inside the drill bit fixing block, and the inlet end of the seventh fluid passage is communicated with the outlet end of the sixth fluid passage; The drilling bit is fixed to the other end of the drill bit fixing block. A nozzle is provided on the side of the drilling bit away from the drill bit fixing block. An eighth fluid passage is arranged inside the drilling bit, and the inlet end of the eighth fluid passage is communicated with the outlet end of the seventh fluid passage, and the outlet end of the eighth fluid passage is communicated with the nozzle.

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