Portable and assembled microwave-assisted rock breaking device

Abstract

The present invention discloses a portable and assemblable microwave-assisted rock breaking device, comprising a drill barrel; a connecting seat is provided on the upper part of the drill barrel; a drill bit seat is provided at the lower part of the drill barrel; a circumferential array of connecting columns is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the drill barrel; a lower limit block is fixedly connected to the middle and upper part of the connecting column; an insert block is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the lower limit block, and the insert block has a rectangular structure; a through groove corresponding to the insert block is opened on the connecting seat, and a semi-closed space structure is formed between the upper wall of the drill barrel and the connecting seat; in high-intensity pile foundation rotary drilling work, even if the drill barrel and the cutter head wear quickly, they can be disassembled independently; by adopting assemblable drilling tools, upstream manufacturers can significantly reduce process complexity and manufacturing costs, and end users can obtain a more portable and easy-to-use operating experience. This two-way optimization model not only achieves improved resource efficiency, but also forms a synergistic effect that benefits multiple parties, and has high market application value.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of rotary rock breaking technology, specifically to a portable, assemblable microwave-assisted rock breaking device. Background Technology

[0002] Efficient fracturing of hard rock has always been a key challenge and difficulty in tunnel construction, oil and gas drilling, deep geothermal development, deep mining, and building engineering. The geological environment can easily induce various geological hazards, such as rock bursts, rock explosions, and mine water inrushes, posing new challenges to the stable operation of deep rock mechanics engineering and the efficient extraction of resources.

[0003] In the field of construction engineering, rotary drilling rigs, as core equipment for pile foundation construction, significantly improve engineering efficiency due to their ability to efficiently break hard rock strata. Meanwhile, microwave rock breaking technology alters the physical properties of rock through microwave radiation to reduce cutting difficulty. Compared to traditional rock breaking methods such as mechanical cutting and high-pressure water jetting, it exhibits advantages such as high energy utilization, strong operational safety, and convenient energy transmission. Deep hard rock mining faces unique challenges; its high hardness, low cutability, and resistance to intrusion make it difficult to directly apply coal mining equipment, prompting the industry to continuously explore new rock breaking solutions. Current technological developments have given rise to various rock breaking methods such as flame jetting, lasers, water jetting, ultrasound, and electrical pulses. These technologies mainly achieve hard rock breaking by pre-splitting the rock mass or improving energy conversion efficiency, but their practical application is still limited by issues such as process complexity, high equipment costs, and safety risks. In recent years, microwave rock breaking technology has gained widespread attention due to its characteristics of no media contamination, controllable risks, strong electromagnetic shielding, and convenient energy transmission. With the continuous accumulation of theoretical research and experimental data, this technology has gradually developed into one of the most promising innovative directions in the field of efficient deep hard rock breaking.

[0004] Patent CN116658191A discloses a drilling microwave-assisted rock breaking device for tunnel excavation. Before using the cutterhead for excavation, microwaves are used to induce and weaken the rock mass at the tunnel face. Then, the existing rock breaking machinery cutterhead is used to excavate the weakened rock mass at the tunnel face, which effectively reduces the wear of the cutterhead.

[0005] Patent CN118745861A discloses a microwave-assisted rotary drilling rig rock breaking device and method. The device emits microwaves through a microwave-assisted rock breaking system, which uses a microwave-assisted rotary drilling rig to break rocks, greatly accelerating the efficiency of rock breaking and reducing the cost of rock breaking. The device also monitors the mechanical strength of the rock in real time during microwave-induced fracturing through a monitoring system, and further adjusts the microwave power and irradiation time for different rock masses based on the monitored data.

[0006] Both patented technologies utilize microwave rock breaking to weaken the mechanical strength of rock mass, but each has its limitations in practical implementation. The first patent, through its integrated hollow drill rod and microwave generator design, allows for pre-treatment and weakening of the rock mass before the cutterhead excavation. However, this pre-treatment method cannot be performed simultaneously with the excavation operation, resulting in insufficient timeliness. The second patent, through its highly integrated design of the microwave generator and drilling tools, enables simultaneous excavation and rock weakening treatment, effectively improving rock breaking efficiency. However, this integrated structure leads to insufficient modularity of the equipment, posing significant technical obstacles for later maintenance of drilling equipment with high-frequency wear characteristics, thus exhibiting certain limitations. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide a portable and assemblable microwave-assisted rock breaking device, which solves the technical problem in the prior art that when the drill bit or microwave generator is worn out, it is difficult to perform modular disassembly and repair, and it is even more difficult to conveniently replace vulnerable parts. This will significantly reduce the maintainability and service life of the equipment in practical engineering applications.

[0008] The objective of this invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0009] A portable, assemblable microwave-assisted rock-breaking device includes a drill barrel; a connecting seat is provided at the upper part of the drill barrel; a drill bit seat is provided at the lower part of the drill barrel; a circular array of connecting columns is fixed to the upper surface of the drill barrel; a lower limiting block is fixed to the upper part of the connecting column; an insert block with a rectangular structure is fixed to the upper surface of the lower limiting block; a through slot corresponding to the insert block is provided on the connecting seat; a semi-enclosed space structure is formed between the upper wall of the drill barrel and the connecting seat; an installation box is provided inside the semi-enclosed space structure between the upper wall of the drill barrel and the connecting seat; a microwave generator is provided inside the installation box; through holes are provided on the wall of the drill barrel from top to bottom; waveguides are inserted inside the through holes; a water-air common pipe is connected to the upper part of the installation box, and the water-air common pipe is connected to each waveguide; wherein, water is sprayed into the target rock mass through the through holes and waveguides to increase the water content of the rock mass, or air is introduced into the target rock mass through the through holes and waveguides to decrease the water content of the rock mass.

[0010] Preferably, the insert block has a through first sliding groove; symmetrically arranged upper limit blocks are slidably disposed inside the first sliding groove, the upper limit blocks are composed of a rectangular part and a trapezoidal part with an upward inclined surface, and in the initial state the rectangular part is located inside the first sliding groove and the trapezoidal part is located outside the first sliding groove; a first spring is connected between the upper limit blocks; anti-detachment blocks are fixed to both sides of the upper limit blocks.

[0011] Preferably, a rectangular lever is fixed to the upper surface of the upper limit block; a second sliding groove is provided on the upper surface of the insert block; a frame is rotatably connected to the top of one of the levers via a shaft, the frame being a rectangular frame structure with an opening on one side, and the opening side being rotatably connected to the top of the lever via a shaft.

[0012] Preferably, the levers are brought close to each other, and the locking frame is rotated 90° so that the locking frame fits onto another lever, preventing the levers from moving away from each other under the action of the first spring.

[0013] Preferably, the mounting box is fitted with a protective cover; the protective cover has grooves corresponding to the positions of each microwave generator output port; after the connecting seat is fixed on the connecting column, the connecting seat can apply force to the upper part of the protective cover, thereby limiting the connecting seat to form a semi-enclosed space structure between the upper wall of the drill barrel and the connecting seat.

[0014] Preferably, the lower part of the drill bit holder is fixedly connected to evenly distributed tool holders; the upper part of the drill bit holder is provided with through waveguide holes at positions corresponding to the positions between two adjacent tool holders; a T-shaped slider is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the drill bit holder at a position corresponding to the side of each waveguide hole; and a limit groove is provided on the lower surface of the drill barrel at the position corresponding to each slider.

[0015] Preferably, each of the limiting grooves is provided with a second spring, which pushes the drill bit seat to deflect, causing the waveguide hole and the through hole to be misaligned.

[0016] Preferably, the drill arm controls the drill barrel to apply pressure to the target construction point and controls its rotation. When the drill barrel rotates, the cutter holder rotates relative to the drill barrel due to the friction of the ground, causing the second spring to contract. The slider slides in the limiting groove until it can no longer slide. The cutter holder and the drill barrel begin to rotate synchronously, and the through hole and the waveguide hole are connected to each other.

[0017] A portable, assembleable microwave-assisted rock-breaking device, comprising the following installation steps:

[0018] S1: Place the prefabricated drill barrel and drill bit holder vertically on the ground, and then insert the waveguide into the corresponding through hole from above the drill barrel;

[0019] S2: Install the microwave generator inside the mounting box, then place the mounting box at the center of the upper surface of the drill barrel, and connect the upper port of the waveguide to the output port of the microwave generator.

[0020] S3: Place the protective cover onto the mounting box and align the grooves on the protective cover with the output ports of each microwave generator, using the output ports to limit the position of the protective cover;

[0021] S4: First, align the square through slot on the connector with the insert block. Then, use the weight of the connector itself to apply force to the upper limit block. The upper limit block is forced to squeeze into the first slide. After the through slot passes the upper limit block, the first spring applies a restoring elastic force to the upper limit block, moving the trapezoidal part of the upper limit block back to the outside of the first slide. Together with the lower limit block, the connector is fixed at a fixed height on the connector column, realizing the rapid connection of the drill bit.

[0022] S5: Move the machine body to the side of the drill barrel, align the drill arm connector with the connecting seat and insert it, and use the pin to fix the two together.

[0023] S6: Install rock-breaking tools on the tool holder, and then the rotary drilling operation for pile foundation can begin.

[0024] Preferably, the drill arm connector is also provided with a microwave module interface and a water / gas pipeline connector, which are connected to the microwave generator inside the mounting box after the connector is inserted into the connector seat.

[0025] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0026] 1. The microwave generator, drill barrel, connecting seat, and drill arm of this invention are all connected by an assembly structure. In high-intensity rotary drilling of pile foundations, even if the drill barrel and cutter head wear out quickly, they can be disassembled independently and replaced with new individual components. This greatly simplifies maintenance difficulty and reduces maintenance and equipment costs. By using an assemblable drilling tool, upstream manufacturers can significantly reduce process complexity and manufacturing costs, while end users can obtain a more portable and easy-to-use operating experience. This two-way optimization mode not only improves resource efficiency but also creates a synergistic effect that benefits all parties and has high market application value.

[0027] 2. The present invention, through the design of a relatively rotatable cutter holder and drill barrel, can use a second spring to reset the position of the cutter holder when the drill stops working, so that the through hole and the waveguide hole are misaligned, preventing mud from entering the through hole.

[0028] 3. This invention utilizes a microwave generator to produce microwaves, which, in conjunction with a waveguide, radiate the microwave energy onto the rock surface. The differences in dielectric loss constants among different minerals within the rock mass result in varying microwave absorption properties. These differences in localized thermal expansion generate internal stress, causing cracks in the rock mass and reducing its mechanical strength. This assists the drilling tool in achieving rotary drilling for pile foundations. When microwaves heat the rock, water, as a polar molecule, has a high dielectric loss, significantly enhancing the rock's microwave absorption capacity. When the water content in the rock mass is low, high-pressure water jets are sprayed into the target rock mass through through-holes and waveguide holes. This water permeates through the rock pores, increasing the water content, altering the rock's physical properties, and improving its microwave absorption efficiency. This results in better crack initiation, assisting the drilling tool in rotary drilling of the rock mass.

[0029] 4. When the rock is rapidly cooled, its surface contracts, and the internal heat cannot be effectively transferred in a short time, resulting in uneven contraction, generating tensile stress, and thus causing cracks. Since the rock mass generates a lot of heat under microwave action, spraying cold water onto the rock mass can induce a temperature gradient caused by the temperature difference between hot and cold, making the rock mass more fragile, thus making rotary drilling operations easier, reducing tool wear, and extending its service life.

[0030] 5. The present invention introduces high-pressure water flow into the through hole and waveguide hole. If the waveguide hole is blocked, it can clear the blockage. This avoids the silt from absorbing or scattering microwave energy, which would increase energy transmission loss. It also avoids the silt from blocking heat dissipation, which could cause local temperature rise and lead to metal deformation or coating peeling.

[0031] 6. This invention is designed for rock masses with high porosity. During downtime, the cutting tool is brought close to the rock mass and exposed to a high-pressure airflow. This can accelerate the surrounding airflow rate, thereby increasing the evaporation efficiency of free water in the rock mass, reducing the water content in the rock mass, adjusting the microwave fracturing effect, and improving the rock breaking effect of the drilling tool. Attached Figure Description

[0032] The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the drill barrel structure in this invention;

[0035] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the drill barrel in this invention;

[0036] Figure 4 This is an exploded view of the waveguide in this invention;

[0037] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the connecting column in this invention;

[0038] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the upper limit block in this invention;

[0039] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the limiting slide groove in this invention;

[0040] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the drill bit holder in this invention;

[0041] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the water-air common passage pipe in this invention;

[0042] In the diagram: 1. Machine body; 2. Drill arm; 3. Connector; 4. Drill barrel; 5. Connecting seat; 6. Connecting column; 601. Lower limit block; 602. Insert block; 603. First slide groove; 604. Upper limit block; 6041. Second slide groove; 6042. Pulling block; 6043. Clip frame; 605. Anti-detachment block; 606. First spring; 607. Through groove; 7. Through hole; 701. Mounting box; 702. Waveguide; 703. Protective cover; 704. Groove; 8. Drill bit holder; 801. Tool holder; 802. Waveguide hole; 803. Slider; 804. Second spring; 805. Limit slide groove. Detailed Implementation

[0043] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0044] This embodiment applies the drill barrel 4 to a rotary drilling rig, providing a detailed description of the portable, assemblable microwave-assisted rock-breaking device provided by this invention. Correspondingly, the drill barrel 4 can also be applied to equipment such as tunnel boring machines, possessing a portable function. It is foreseeable that the rotary drilling rig and tunnel boring machine connected to the drill barrel should be equipped with a power supply and a water tank, connected using conductive slip rings and rotary joints, for use with the portable, assemblable microwave-assisted rock-breaking device provided by this invention.

[0045] Please see Figures 1-2 As shown, a portable and assemblable microwave-assisted rock-breaking device includes a rotary drilling rig body 1 and a drill arm 2 connected to the body 1. The length of the drill arm 2 is 125700mm. A connector 3 is connected to the output end of the drill arm 2. A drill cylinder 4 is detachably mounted on the connector 3. The length of the drill cylinder 4 is 1070mm. A connecting seat 5 is provided on the upper part of the drill cylinder 4. The connecting seat 5 is used to connect the drill cylinder 4 with the connector 3. A drill bit seat 8 is provided on the lower part of the drill cylinder 4. The drill bit seat 8 is used for rotary drilling of rock mass. The maximum drilling diameter / depth is 1200mm / 20m.

[0046] Please refer to it again. Figure 2 and Figure 5As shown, a circular array of connecting posts 6 are fixed to the upper surface of the drill barrel 4; a lower limiting block 601 is fixed to the upper part of the connecting post 6, and the lower limiting block 601 has a circular structure; an insert block 602 is fixed to the upper surface of the lower limiting block 601, and the insert block 602 has a rectangular structure; a through groove 607 corresponding to the insert block 602 is provided on the connecting seat 5, and the through groove 607 has a rectangular structure that fits with the insert block 602. The limiting block restricts the bottom position of the connecting seat 5, so that the upper wall of the drill barrel 4 and the connecting seat 5 form a semi-closed space structure.

[0047] Please refer to it again. Figure 3 , Figure 5 as well as Figure 6 As shown, the insert 602 has a through first groove 603; symmetrically arranged upper limit blocks 604 are slidably disposed inside the first groove 603. The upper limit blocks 604 are composed of a rectangular part and a trapezoidal part with an upward inclined surface. In the initial state, the rectangular part is located inside the first groove 603, and the trapezoidal part is located outside the first groove 603; a first spring 606 is connected between the upper limit blocks 604. The first spring 606 is used to provide the restoring force after the upper limit blocks 604 are squeezed into the first groove 603; anti-detachment blocks 605 are fixed on both sides of the upper limit blocks 604. The anti-detachment blocks 605 are used to prevent the upper limit blocks 604 from falling out of the first groove 603.

[0048] Please refer to it again. Figure 6 As shown, a rectangular lever block 6042 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the upper limit block 604; a second sliding groove 6041 is provided on the upper surface of the insert block 602, and the lever block 6042 is slidably connected in the second sliding groove 6041; a retaining frame 6043 is rotatably connected to the top of one of the lever blocks 6042 via a shaft. The retaining frame 6043 is a rectangular frame structure with an opening on one side, and the opening side is rotatably connected to the top of the lever block 6042 via a shaft. In specific applications, the lever blocks 6042 are brought close to each other, and the retaining frame 6043 is rotated 90° so that the retaining frame 6043 is fitted onto another lever block 6042, preventing the lever blocks 6042 from moving away from each other under the action of the first spring 606.

[0049] Please refer to it again. Figure 3 , Figure 4 as well as Figure 9As shown, the upper wall of the drill barrel 4 and the connecting seat 5 form a semi-enclosed space structure, inside which is installed a mounting box 701. A microwave generator (magnetron) is installed inside the mounting box 701, and the connection port of the microwave generator protrudes from the upper surface of the mounting box 701. The microwave output port is located on the side of the mounting box 701. A through hole 7 is opened from top to bottom on the wall of the drill barrel 4. A waveguide 702 is inserted inside the through hole 7. The waveguide 702 has an L-shaped structure and a smooth curved surface structure at the bend. The upper end of the waveguide 702 is connected to each output port of the microwave generator. A water-gas common pipe is also connected to the upper part of the mounting box 701. The water-gas common pipe is connected to each waveguide 702. Specifically, in addition to transmitting microwaves, the waveguide 702 can also transmit water or gas, and microwaves, water and gas are not transmitted simultaneously.

[0050] Please refer to it again. Figure 4 As shown, a protective cover 703 is fitted onto the mounting box 701; a groove 704 is provided on the protective cover 703 corresponding to the position of each microwave generator output port. Specifically, after the connecting seat 5 is fixed on the connecting post 6, the connecting seat 5 can apply a force to the upper part of the protective cover 703, thereby limiting the connecting seat 5 to form a semi-enclosed space structure between the upper wall of the drill barrel 4 and the connecting seat 5.

[0051] Please refer to it again. Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the lower part of the drill bit holder 8 is fixed with evenly distributed cutter holders 801, which are used to install rock-breaking cutter heads; the upper part of the drill bit holder 8 is provided with through waveguide holes 802 at positions corresponding to the positions between two adjacent cutter holders 801, which are used to transmit microwaves in the waveguide 702; the upper surface of the drill bit holder 8 is fixed with T-shaped sliders 803 at positions corresponding to the side of each waveguide hole 802; the lower surface of the drill barrel 4 is provided with limiting grooves 805 at positions corresponding to each slider 803, and the sliders 803 are slidably connected inside the limiting grooves 805; a second spring 804 is provided in each limiting groove 805, which is used to push the drill bit holder 8 to deflect, so that the waveguide holes 802 are misaligned with the through holes 7.

[0052] To facilitate understanding of the above technical solutions of the present invention, the working principle or operation method of the present invention in actual process will be described in detail below:

[0053] In actual operation, the drill string installation is completed through the following steps:

[0054] S1: First, place the prefabricated drill barrel 4 and drill bit holder 8 vertically on the ground, and then insert the waveguide 702 into the corresponding through hole 7 from above the drill barrel 4;

[0055] S2: Install the microwave generator inside the mounting box 701, then place the mounting box 701 at the center of the upper surface of the drill barrel 4, and connect the upper port of the waveguide 702 to the output port of the microwave generator.

[0056] S3: Place the protective cover 703 onto the mounting box 701, and align the groove 704 on the protective cover 703 with the output port of each microwave generator, using the output port to limit the position of the protective cover 703;

[0057] S4: First, align the square through slot 607 on the connecting seat 5 with the insert block 602. Then, use the weight of the connecting seat 5 itself to apply force to the upper limit block 604. Since the inclined surface of the upper limit block 604 is set upward, the upper limit block 604 is forced to be squeezed into the first slide groove 603. After the through slot 607 passes the upper limit block 604, the first spring 606 applies a restoring elastic force to the upper limit block 604, moving the trapezoidal part of the upper limit block 604 back to the outside of the first slide groove 603. At this time, since the lower surface of the upper limit block 604 is flat, it can be used with the lower limit block 601 to fix the connecting seat 5 at a fixed height on the connecting column 6, so as to realize the quick connection of the drill bit.

[0058] Once the connecting seat 5 is fixed, it directly restricts the upper part of the protective cover 703 to prevent the protective cover 703 from falling off, thus achieving the purpose of completely fixing the protective cover 703.

[0059] S5: Move the machine body 1 to the side of the drill barrel 4, align the joint 3 of the drill arm 2 with the connecting seat 5 and insert it, then use a pin to fix the two together.

[0060] Among them, the joint 3 of the drill arm 2 is also equipped with a microwave module interface and a water and gas pipeline joint 3. After the joint 3 is inserted into the connector 5, it can be connected to the microwave generator inside the mounting box 701.

[0061] S6: Install rock-breaking tools on the tool holder 801, and then the rotary drilling operation for pile foundation can begin.

[0062] In the above scheme, the microwave generator, drill barrel 4, connecting seat 5, and drill arm 2 are all connected by an assembly structure. Even in high-intensity rotary drilling of pile foundations, despite rapid wear, individual components can be independently disassembled and replaced, greatly simplifying maintenance and reducing maintenance and equipment costs. By using assembly-type drilling tools, upstream manufacturers can significantly reduce process complexity and manufacturing costs, while end users can enjoy a more portable and user-friendly operating experience. This two-way optimization model not only improves resource efficiency but also creates a synergistic effect that benefits all parties, demonstrating high market application value.

[0063] When performing rotary drilling operations on rock masses:

[0064] The machine body 1 is moved to the target location. The drill arm 2 controls the drill barrel 4 to apply pressure to the target construction point and controls it to rotate. At this time, since the cutter holder 801 is connected to the drill barrel 4 through the cooperation of the second spring 804, the slider 803 and the limiting groove 805, when the drill barrel 4 rotates, the cutter holder 801 will rotate relative to the drill barrel 4 due to the friction of the ground. This causes the second spring 804 to contract, and the slider 803 to slide in the limiting groove 805 until it can no longer slide. The cutter holder 801 and the drill barrel 4 begin to rotate synchronously, and the through hole 7 and the waveguide hole 802 are connected to each other, realizing the rotary drilling of the rock mass.

[0065] The design of the relatively rotatable cutter holder 801 and drill barrel 4 allows the second spring 804 to reset the position of the cutter holder 801 when the drill stops operating, thus misaligning the through hole 7 with the waveguide hole 802 and preventing mud from entering the through hole 7.

[0066] When the drill bit encounters hard rock, a microwave generator produces microwaves, which, in conjunction with the waveguide 702, radiate the microwave energy onto the rock surface. The differences in dielectric loss constants among different minerals in the rock (such as biotite and quartz) result in varying microwave absorption properties. Non-uniform heating causes localized thermal expansion differences, generating internal stress and leading to cracks in the rock mass. This reduces the rock's mechanical strength, thus assisting the drill bit in rotary drilling for pile foundations. Furthermore, when the rock is microwave-heated, water, as a polar molecule, has a high dielectric loss, significantly enhancing the rock's microwave absorption capacity. When the water content in the rock mass is low, high-pressure water is sprayed into the target rock mass through the through-hole 7 and the waveguide 702. Water permeates through the rock pores, increasing the water content and altering the rock's physical properties, further enhancing its microwave absorption capacity and resulting in better crack initiation, thus assisting the drill bit in rotary drilling the rock mass. It is important to note that different types of rocks have varying porosities and water content. For example, rock masses such as granite and basalt, with their low porosity, require water injection to increase their water content. This utilizes the microwave absorption sensitivity of water to compensate for some of the rock's naturally low microwave absorption properties, aiming to achieve the microwave absorption performance of sandstone and shale, which have higher porosity and naturally higher water content. During microwave heating of rock masses, the internal vapor pressure can be increased in a short time, making the internal pressure higher than the rock's compressive strength. This can lead to rock bursting, achieving the pre-splitting blasting effect of borehole blasting.

[0067] Furthermore, according to the principle of thermal expansion and contraction, when rock is rapidly cooled, the surface contracts while the interior remains relatively hot, leading to uneven contraction, tensile stress, and thus cracking. Since the rock mass generates a large amount of heat under microwave action, spraying low-temperature cooling water into the rock mass can induce a stress effect from heat exchange, making the rock mass more brittle. This reduces tool wear and extends tool life during rotary drilling operations. It is worth noting that introducing water into through-hole 7, waveguide 702, and waveguide hole 802 can also clear blockages in waveguide hole 802. This prevents soil from absorbing or scattering microwave energy, increasing energy transmission loss, and also prevents soil blockage from hindering heat dissipation, which could lead to localized temperature increases and potentially cause metal deformation or coating peeling. High-pressure airflow can also be introduced into through-hole 7 and waveguide 702 to achieve the same clearing function. Furthermore, for rock masses with high porosity, during downtime, placing the cutter holder 801 close to the rock mass and exposing it to a high-pressure airflow can accelerate the surrounding airflow rate, thereby increasing the evaporation efficiency of free water in the rock mass, reducing the water content in the rock mass, adjusting the microwave fracturing effect, and improving the rock-breaking effect of the drill bit.

[0068] Since microwaves can achieve a heating effect, even if high-pressure water is introduced into the through hole 7 and the waveguide 702, the drying effect can be achieved quickly, and the overall effect of microwaves on the cracking of the rock mass is not affected.

[0069] When it is necessary to disassemble the drill string:

[0070] The operator moves the lever 6042 within the second slide groove 6041, causing the upper limit block 604 to retract into the first slide groove 603, thereby canceling the fixing effect of the upper limit block 604 on the connecting seat 5. Then, the locking frame 6043 is rotated to connect the two levers 6042, preventing them from resetting under the action of the first spring 606. Once all four upper limit blocks 604 are retracted into their respective first slide grooves 603, the connecting seat 5 can be directly removed from the drill barrel 4. Correspondingly, the protective cover 703, mounting box 701, and waveguide 702 lose their fixing constraints and can be directly removed. Disassembly is convenient and quick, and it is portable for carrying and transporting. When microwave-assisted rotary drilling of pile foundations is not required, it can also be used alone, making it highly practical.

[0071] It should be noted that, in this document, terms such as “comprising,” “including,” or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0072] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention.

Claims

1. A portable, assembleable microwave-assisted rock-breaking device, characterized in that: Includes a drill barrel (4); a connecting seat (5) is provided on the upper part of the drill barrel (4); and a drill bit seat (8) is provided on the lower part of the drill barrel (4). The upper surface of the drill barrel (4) is fixed with a circumferential array of connecting columns (6); a lower limiting block (601) is fixed to the upper part of the connecting column (6); an insert (602) is fixed to the upper surface of the lower limiting block (601), and the insert (602) has a rectangular structure; a through groove (607) corresponding to the insert (602) is opened on the connecting seat (5), and a semi-closed space structure is formed between the upper wall of the drill barrel (4) and the connecting seat (5); The upper wall of the drill barrel (4) and the connecting seat (5) form a semi-enclosed space structure, and an installation box (701) is provided inside the installation box (701). A microwave generator is provided inside the installation box (701). A through hole (7) is opened from top to bottom on the wall of the drill barrel (4). A waveguide (702) is inserted inside the through hole (7). A water-air common pipe is also connected to the upper part of the installation box (701). The water-air common pipe is connected to each waveguide (702). Among them, water flow is sprayed into the target rock mass through the through hole (7) and the waveguide (702) to increase the water content of the rock mass, or air flow is introduced into the target rock mass through the through hole (7) and the waveguide (702) to decrease the water content of the rock mass; The insert (602) has a through first groove (603); symmetrically arranged upper limit blocks (604) are slidably disposed inside the first groove (603). The upper limit blocks (604) are composed of a rectangular part and a trapezoidal part with an upward inclined surface. In the initial state, the rectangular part is located inside the first groove (603) and the trapezoidal part is located outside the first groove (603); a first spring (606) is connected between the upper limit blocks (604); anti-detachment blocks (605) are fixed on both sides of the upper limit blocks (604). The mounting box (701) is fitted with a protective cover (703); the protective cover (703) has a groove (704) corresponding to the position of each microwave generator output port; after the connecting seat (5) is fixed on the connecting column (6), the connecting seat (5) can apply force to the upper part of the protective cover (703), thereby limiting the connecting seat (5) between the upper wall of the drill barrel (4) and the connecting seat (5) to form a semi-closed space structure; The lower part of the drill bit holder (8) is fixed with evenly distributed tool holders (801); the upper part of the drill bit holder (8) is provided with through waveguide holes (802) corresponding to the positions between two adjacent tool holders (801); the upper surface of the drill bit holder (8) is fixed with sliders (803) in a T-shape structure corresponding to the positions next to each waveguide hole (802); the lower surface of the drill barrel (4) is provided with limit grooves (805) corresponding to the positions of each slider (803).

2. The portable, assembleable microwave-assisted rock-breaking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper surface of the upper limit block (604) is fixed with a rectangular structure of a toggle block (6042); the upper surface of the insert block (602) is provided with a second sliding groove (6041); the top of one of the toggle blocks (6042) is rotatably connected to a frame (6043) via a shaft. The frame (6043) is a rectangular frame structure with an opening on one side, and the opening side is rotatably connected to the top of the toggle block (6042) via a shaft.

3. The portable, assembleable microwave-assisted rock-breaking device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The levers (6042) are brought closer to each other, and the locking frame (6043) is rotated 90° so that the locking frame (6043) is fitted onto another lever (6042), so that the levers (6042) are prevented from moving away from each other under the action of the first spring (606).

4. The portable, assembleable microwave-assisted rock-breaking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the limiting grooves (805) is equipped with a second spring (804). The second spring (804) pushes the drill bit seat (8) to deflect, so that the waveguide hole (802) and the through hole (7) are misaligned.

5. The portable, assembleable microwave-assisted rock-breaking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drill arm (2) controls the drill barrel (4) to apply pressure to the target construction point and controls its rotation. When the drill barrel (4) rotates, the cutter holder (801) rotates relative to the drill barrel (4) due to the friction of the ground, causing the second spring (804) to contract. The slider (803) slides in the limiting groove (805) until it can no longer slide. The cutter holder (801) and the drill barrel (4) begin to rotate synchronously, and the through hole (7) and the waveguide hole (802) are connected to each other.

6. The portable, assembleable microwave-assisted rock-breaking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rock-breaking device includes the following installation steps: S1: Place the prefabricated drill barrel (4) and drill bit seat (8) vertically on the ground, and then insert the waveguide (702) into the corresponding through hole (7) from above the drill barrel (4); S2: Install the microwave generator inside the mounting box (701), then place the mounting box (701) at the center of the upper surface of the drill barrel (4), and connect the upper port of the waveguide (702) to the output port of the microwave generator. S3: Place the protective cover (703) onto the mounting box (701) and align the groove (704) on the protective cover (703) with the output port of each microwave generator, using the output port to limit the position of the protective cover (703); S4: First, align the square through slot (607) on the connecting seat (5) with the insert block (602). Then, use the weight of the connecting seat (5) itself to apply force to the upper limit block (604). The upper limit block (604) is forced to squeeze into the first slide groove (603). After the through slot (607) passes the upper limit block (604), the first spring (606) applies a restoring elastic force to the upper limit block (604), moving the trapezoidal part of the upper limit block (604) back to the outside of the first slide groove (603). With the cooperation of the lower limit block (601), the connecting seat (5) is fixed at a fixed height on the connecting column (6), thus realizing the rapid connection of the drill bit. S5: Move the machine body (1) to the side of the drill barrel (4), align the joint (3) of the drill arm (2) with the connecting seat (5) and insert it, and use the pin to fix the two together; S6: Install rock-breaking tools on the tool holder (801), and then the rotary drilling operation of the pile foundation can begin.

7. The portable, assembleable microwave-assisted rock-breaking device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The drill arm (2) is also equipped with a microwave module interface and a water and gas pipeline connector (3) on the connector (3). After the connector (3) is inserted into the connector (5), it is connected to the microwave generator inside the mounting box (701).

Images