Drilling machine for tunnel construction

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of drilling equipment, and particularly relates to a tunnel construction drilling machine which comprises two first guide rails, two first sliding blocks are movably connected to the outer walls of the first guide rails, first electric hydraulic rods are fixedly connected to the upper surfaces of the first sliding blocks, and rubber supporting blocks are fixedly connected to the moving ends of the first electric hydraulic rods. The upper surfaces of the four rubber supporting blocks are jointly and fixedly connected with a U-shaped base, and the upper surface of the U-shaped base is fixedly connected with two second guide rails. The drilling machine for tunnel supporting and drilling has the functions of multi-angle adjustment, drilling cutting drying and temporary reinforcement of drilled holes, meanwhile, the drilling machine for tunnel supporting and drilling has the capacity of drilling holes in different depths through the detachable design of the drilling pipe, then the situation that blockage occurs when drilling cutting is discharged is avoided, the situation that the drilled holes collapse is avoided as much as possible, and the drilling efficiency is improved. The labor intensity of workers is reduced, the success rate and efficiency of tunnel support drilling operation are improved, and potential safety hazards are prevented.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of drilling equipment, and particularly relates to a drilling machine for tunnel construction. Background Art

[0002] Tunnel construction is an engineering operation of excavating channels in underground rock and soil masses through methods such as drilling and blasting, tunneling machine excavation, etc. It is necessary to design support, ventilation and other systems in combination with geological conditions to ensure construction safety and structural stability. When constructing tunnels in the Quaternary new loess area, the support effect is particularly crucial. The soil layer in this area has characteristics such as large pores and strong collapsibility, resulting in poor self-stability and being extremely prone to collapse after excavation. Therefore, it is necessary to promptly adopt processes such as drilling for support operations, and use support structures to timely restrain soil displacement, effectively control problems such as excessive crown settlement and side wall convergence caused by stress release, and fundamentally avoid the collapse risk. During this process, as the core tool for support construction, the reasonable selection and efficient operation of drilling equipment directly affect the support effect and construction safety.

[0003] During the tunnel support drilling construction process in the Quaternary new loess area, due to the excessive humidity of the soil layer, the humidity of the drill cuttings is also too high, making the drill cuttings easy to agglomerate into lumps and even adhere to the surface of the drill pipe, which will further block the drill hole and hinder the smooth discharge of the drill cuttings, resulting in frequent pauses in the tunnel support drilling operation process. This not only increases the labor intensity of the staff, but also affects the efficiency of the tunnel support drilling operation. In addition, during the tunnel support drilling process, due to the large pores and poor stability of the soil layer in the Quaternary new loess area, combined with the high vibration intensity of drilling, it is extremely easy to cause the collapse of the hole wall, which not only affects the reliability of the use of drilling equipment, but also significantly reduces the success rate of the support drilling operation.

[0004] Therefore, we propose a drilling machine for tunnel construction to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the invention is to provide a drilling machine for tunnel construction in view of the above problems.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the invention adopts the following technical solutions: A drilling machine for tunnel construction includes two first guide rails, two first sliders are movably connected to the outer walls of the first guide rails, a first electro-hydraulic rod is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the first slider, a rubber support block is fixedly connected to the moving end of the first electro-hydraulic rod, a U-shaped base is fixedly connected to the upper surfaces of the four rubber support blocks, two second guide rails are fixedly connected to the upper surface of the U-shaped base, a second slider is slidably connected to the top end of the second guide rail, and a drilling mechanism is fixedly connected to the upper surfaces of the two second sliders. The lower surface of the U-shaped base is provided with a rectangular moving through hole, and the hole wall of the rectangular moving through hole is movably connected with a positioning mechanism. The top end of the positioning mechanism is fixedly embedded and connected with the lower surface of the drilling mechanism; The outer wall of the drilling end of the drilling mechanism is fixedly connected with a protection mechanism; The lower surface of the U-shaped base is fixedly connected with a drilling assistance mechanism.

[0007] In the above-mentioned drilling machine for tunnel construction, the drilling mechanism includes an L-shaped plate fixedly connected to the upper surfaces of two second sliders. A chute is provided on the upper surface of the L-shaped plate, and a hollow box is slidably connected to the chute wall of the chute. A through hole is provided on the side wall of the vertical part of the L-shaped plate, and a second electric hydraulic rod is fixedly connected to the hole wall of the through hole. The moving end of the second electric hydraulic rod is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the hollow box. The outer walls of both sides of the hollow box are fixedly installed with rotary cylinders through rolling bearings. A three-jaw chuck is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the rotary cylinder. A first internal thread drill pipe is fixedly clamped inside the three-jaw chuck. A second internal thread drill pipe is threadedly connected to the side end of the first internal thread drill pipe. An air-cooled drill bit is threadedly connected to the end of the second internal thread drill pipe away from the first internal thread drill pipe. A plurality of air jet holes are provided on the outer wall of the air-cooled drill bit. A sealing bearing is fixedly embedded on the outer side end of the first internal thread drill pipe. A connecting pipe is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sealing bearing. A driving mechanism is fixedly connected to the top end of the hollow box.

[0008] In the above-mentioned drilling machine for tunnel construction, the driving mechanism includes a driving motor and a PLC controller fixedly connected to the upper surface of the hollow box. The output end of the driving motor passes through the inner wall of the hollow box and is fixedly connected with a helical gear. A connecting through hole matching the driving end of the driving motor is provided on the upper surface of the hollow box. A helical gear ring meshing with the helical gear is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the rotary cylinder. A reflective sheet is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rotary cylinder. A fixing through hole is provided at the top end of the hollow box, and a photoelectric sensor corresponding to the reflective sheet is fixedly connected to the hole wall of the fixing through hole.

[0009] In the above-mentioned drilling machine for tunnel construction, the positioning mechanism includes a third electric hydraulic rod fixedly embedded in the lower surface of the L-shaped plate. The moving end of the third electric hydraulic rod is fixedly connected with a pressing plate. A screw rod is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the pressing plate. A threaded cylinder is threadedly sleeved at the bottom end of the screw rod. A positioning block is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the threaded cylinder.

[0010] In the above-mentioned drilling machine for tunnel construction, the protection mechanism includes a protective cover fixedly connected to the side end of the L-shaped plate. A rubber ring that is fixedly embedded in the side wall of the protective cover and is hermetically slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the internal-thread drill pipe, and a rubber sealing ring is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the mouth side of the protective cover. The bottom end of the protective cover is fixedly communicated with a material guiding hopper, and the bottom end of the material guiding hopper is movably sleeved with a dust bag limiting pipe clamp.

[0011] In the above-mentioned drilling machine for tunnel construction, the drilling assistance mechanism includes an air compressor and a storage tank fixedly connected to the lower surface of the U-shaped base. The air outlet end of the air compressor is fixedly communicated with a first air pipe, and the bottom end of the first air pipe is fixedly communicated with the bottom end of the storage tank. A material hopper partition is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the bottom end of the storage tank, and an electric control gate is fixedly communicated with the bottom end of the material hopper partition. The outer wall of the bottom end of the storage tank is fixedly communicated with a second air pipe, and the air outlet end of the second air pipe is fixedly communicated with the air inlet end of the connecting pipe.

[0012] In the above-mentioned drilling machine for tunnel construction, a feeding screw hole is opened on the outer wall of the top end of the storage tank, and a sealing plug is threadedly connected to the hole wall of the feeding screw hole. An absorbent resin powder layer is filled at the top end of the storage tank.

[0013] In the above-mentioned drilling machine for tunnel construction, an L-shaped limiting rod is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the side end of the rotating cylinder, and the outer wall of the vertical part of the L-shaped limiting rod contacts the side end of the first internal-thread drill pipe.

[0014] Compared with the existing technology, the advantages of a drilling machine for tunnel construction are as follows: 1. By setting the first electro-hydraulic rod, the positioning mechanism and the U-shaped base, during the tunnel support drilling construction in the Quaternary new loess area, first arrange the position of the first guide rail, and then adjust the azimuth angle of the drilling machine according to the tunnel azimuth line to make the drilling machine parallel to the tunnel azimuth line. Specifically, adjust the position of the U-shaped base through the first guide rail and the first slider, and at the same time adjust the position of the drilling mechanism through the second guide rail and the second slider. Then, control the four first electro-hydraulic rods to start through the PLC controller, and the first electro-hydraulic rod adjusts the height of the U-shaped base. Finally, position it by the downward extrusion of the positioning mechanism, and connect the first internal-thread drill pipe, the second internal-thread drill pipe and the air-cooled drill bit to the drilling mechanism. The connecting pipe is communicated with the second air pipe, and the tightening directions of the first internal-thread drill pipe, the second internal-thread drill pipe and the air-cooled drill bit are the same as the drilling rotation direction of the drilling machine. This mechanism enables the drilling machine for tunnel support drilling to have the function of multi-angle adjustment and can meet the support drilling requirements at different positions, improving the convenience of using the drilling machine.

[0015] 2. Through the drilling mechanism, protection mechanism and driving mechanism, when the drilling position of the drilling machine is adjusted, the staff controls the driving mechanism through the PLC controller. The driving mechanism controls the rotation of the air-cooled drill bit of the drilling mechanism, and also controls the air compressor and the second electric hydraulic rod to start. The second electric hydraulic rod pushes the air-cooled drill bit to drill into the tunnel soil layer to drill a hole, and the air compressor delivers air to the air-cooled drill bit. When the airflow is ejected through the jet hole of the air-cooled drill bit, it can not only cool the air-cooled drill bit, but also carry the drill cuttings out from the annular gap between the drill pipe and the borehole. After the drill cuttings are discharged, they fall into the dust bag installed at the bottom of the protection mechanism. The dust bag can prevent the drill cuttings generated by the drilling from flying and interfering with the construction in the tunnel. The mechanism enables the tunnel support drilling machine to have the ability to drill holes of different depths through the drill pipe detachable design. In addition, the drilling process can not only cool the borehole, but also quickly discharge the drill cuttings, thereby improving the reliability of the drilling construction.

[0016] 3. Through the drilling auxiliary mechanism and driving mechanism, during the drilling process of the drilling machine, the PLC controller controls the electric control gate to open, and then the water-absorbent resin powder in the water-absorbent resin powder layer in the storage box is transported to the air-cooled drill bit through the air flow entering from the first air pipe, and sprayed into the borehole from the air jet hole, so that the water-absorbent resin powder is fully in contact with the surface of the drill cuttings produced by the drilling. The water-absorbent resin powder can quickly absorb the moisture on the surface of the drill cuttings, and form a moisture-proof adhesion layer on the surface of the drill cuttings, so that the drill cuttings are dry and easy to discharge, and the drill cuttings are prevented from agglomerating due to moisture, and the wet drill cuttings are prevented from adhering to the surface of the drill pipe and clogging the borehole, thereby reducing the risk of hole collapse caused by poor chip discharge. It is especially suitable for loose strata such as the Quaternary New Loess, and improves the convenience of cuttings discharge, so there is no need for staff to frequently Pausing the drilling machine to clean the clogged borehole saves time and effort. In addition, part of the water-absorbent resin powder is embedded in the pores of the soil layer in the borehole under the action of airflow pressure. This part of the water-absorbent resin powder will expand after absorbing moisture in the soil layer of the borehole, and fill the gaps in the soil layer in the borehole, temporarily enhancing the stability of the hole wall and avoiding the risk of borehole collapse. Moreover, during the process of injecting water-absorbent resin powder into the borehole, the amount of water-absorbent resin powder injected is proportional to the rotation speed of the air-cooled drill bit. This mechanism enables the drilling machine for tunnel support drilling to have the functions of drying drill cuttings and temporarily reinforcing boreholes, avoiding blockage in drill cuttings discharge and minimizing borehole collapse. It not only reduces the labor intensity of the staff, but also improves the success rate and efficiency of tunnel support drilling operations and prevents safety hazards. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a drilling machine for tunnel construction provided by the present invention; Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a driving mechanism in a drilling machine for tunnel construction provided by the present invention; Figure 3It is a schematic structural diagram of a protection mechanism in a drilling machine for tunnel construction provided by the present invention; Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of a drilling assistance mechanism in a drilling machine for tunnel construction provided by the present invention; Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of a U-shaped base part in a drilling machine for tunnel construction provided by the present invention; Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of a second internal thread drill pipe in a drilling machine for tunnel construction provided by the present invention; Figure 7 It is a schematic structural diagram of a positioning mechanism in a drilling machine for tunnel construction provided by the present invention.

[0018] In the figure: 1 First guide rail, 2 First slider, 3 First electro-hydraulic rod, 4 Rubber support block, 5 Drilling mechanism, 51 L-shaped plate, 52 Hollow box, 53 Second electro-hydraulic rod, 54 Rotating cylinder, 55 Three-jaw chuck, 56 First internal thread drill pipe, 57 Second internal thread drill pipe, 58 Air-cooled drill bit, 59 Air jet hole, 510 Sealing bearing, 511 Connecting pipe, 6 Driving mechanism, 61 Driving motor, 62 PLC controller, 63 Helical gear, 64 Helical gear ring, 65 Reflective sheet, 66 Photoelectric sensor, 7 Positioning mechanism, 71 Third electro-hydraulic rod, 72 Pressure plate, 73 Screw rod, 74 Threaded cylinder, 75 Positioning block, 8 Protection mechanism, 81 Protective cover, 82 Rubber ring, 83 Rubber sealing ring, 84 Material guiding hopper, 85 Dust bag limit pipe clamp, 9 Drilling assistance mechanism, 91 Air compressor, 92 Storage box, 93 First air pipe, 94 Hopper partition, 95 Electric control gate, 96 Second air pipe, 10 Second guide rail, 11 Second slider, 12 Rectangular moving through hole, 13 U-shaped base, 14 Sealing plug, 15 Water-absorbing resin powder layer, 16 L-shaped limiting rod. Specific embodiments

[0019] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0020] As Figures 1-7As shown in the figure, a drilling machine for tunnel construction includes two first guide rails 1. Two first sliders 2 are movably connected to the outer wall of the first guide rail 1. A first electro-hydraulic rod 3 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the first slider 2. The moving end of the first electro-hydraulic rod 3 is fixedly connected to a rubber support block 4. A U-shaped base 13 is fixedly connected to the upper surfaces of the four rubber support blocks 4. Two second guide rails 10 are fixedly connected to the upper surface of the U-shaped base 13. A second slider 11 is slidably connected to the top end of the second guide rail 10. A drilling mechanism 5 is fixedly connected to the upper surfaces of the two second sliders 11. The drilling mechanism 5 includes an L-shaped plate 51 fixedly connected to the upper surfaces of the two second sliders 11. A chute is provided on the upper surface of the L-shaped plate 51, and a hollow box 52 is slidably connected to the chute wall of the chute. A through hole is provided on the side wall of the vertical part of the L-shaped plate 51, and a second electro-hydraulic rod 53 is fixedly connected to the hole wall of the through hole. The moving end of the second electro-hydraulic rod 53 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the hollow box 52. Rotary cylinders 54 are fixedly installed on the outer walls on both sides of the hollow box 52 through rolling bearings. A three-jaw chuck 55 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the rotary cylinder 54. A first internal-thread drill pipe 56 is fixedly clamped inside the three-jaw chuck 55. An L-shaped limiting rod 16 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the side end of the rotary cylinder 54. The outer wall of the vertical part of the L-shaped limiting rod 16 is in contact with the side end of the first internal-thread drill pipe 56. The L-shaped limiting rod 16 can facilitate the fastening position of the first internal-thread drill pipe 56 and improve the convenience of assembling and using the drilling machine. A second internal-thread drill pipe 57 is threadedly connected to the side end of the first internal-thread drill pipe 56. An air-cooled drill bit 58 is threadedly connected to the end of the second internal-thread drill pipe 57 away from the first internal-thread drill pipe 56. A plurality of air spray holes 59 are provided on the outer wall of the air-cooled drill bit 58. A sealing bearing 510 is fixedly embedded on the outer side end of the first internal-thread drill pipe 56. A connecting pipe 511 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sealing bearing 510. A driving mechanism 6 is fixedly connected to the top end of the hollow box 52. The driving mechanism 6 includes a driving motor 61 and a PLC controller 62 fixedly connected to the upper surface of the hollow box 52. The output end of the driving motor 61 passes through the inner wall of the hollow box 52 and is fixedly connected to a helical gear 63. A connecting through hole matching the driving end of the driving motor 61 is provided on the upper surface of the hollow box 52. A helical gear ring 64 meshing with the helical gear 63 is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the rotary cylinder 54. A reflective sheet 65 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rotary cylinder 54. A fixing through hole is provided on the top end of the hollow box 52, and a photoelectric sensor 66 corresponding to the reflective sheet 65 is fixedly connected to the hole wall of the fixing through hole. This mechanism enables the drilling machine for tunnel support drilling to have the ability to drill holes with different depths through the detachable design of the drill pipes, and not only can the drilling process cool the drill holes, but also can quickly discharge the drill chips.

[0021] The lower surface of the U-shaped base 13 is provided with a rectangular moving through hole 12, and the hole wall of the rectangular moving through hole 12 is movably connected with a positioning mechanism 7. When the drilling mechanism 5 adjusts the hole position, it is necessary to carry the positioning mechanism 7 to change the position on the U-shaped base 13. At this time, the setting of the rectangular moving through hole 12 can meet the requirement of the position adjustment of the positioning mechanism 7. The top end of the positioning mechanism 7 is fixedly embedded and connected with the lower surface of the drilling mechanism 5. The positioning mechanism 7 includes a third electro-hydraulic rod 71 fixedly embedded in the lower surface of the L-shaped plate 51. The moving end of the third electro-hydraulic rod 71 is fixedly connected with a pressure plate 72. The lower surface of the pressure plate 72 is fixedly connected with a screw rod 73. The bottom end of the screw rod 73 is threadedly sleeved with a threaded cylinder 74. The lower surface of the threaded cylinder 74 is fixedly connected with a positioning block 75. This mechanism can improve the stability of the drilling machine during drilling.

[0022] The outer wall of the drilling end of the drilling mechanism 5 is fixedly connected with a protection mechanism 8. The protection mechanism 8 includes a protective cover 81 fixedly connected to the side end of the L-shaped plate 51. A rubber ring 82 that is hermetically and slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the internal-thread drill pipe is fixedly embedded in the side wall of the protective cover 81. A rubber sealing ring 83 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the mouth side of the protective cover 81. The bottom end of the protective cover 81 is fixedly communicated with a material guide hopper 84. The bottom end of the material guide hopper 84 is movably sleeved with a dust bag limiting pipe clamp 85. This mechanism can prevent drill chips from flying and interfering with the tunnel support drilling construction.

[0023] The lower surface of the U-shaped base 13 is fixedly connected with a drilling auxiliary mechanism 9. The drilling auxiliary mechanism 9 includes an air compressor 91 and a storage tank 92 fixedly connected to the lower surface of the U-shaped base 13. The air outlet end of the air compressor 91 is fixedly communicated with a first air pipe 93. The bottom end of the first air pipe 93 is fixedly communicated with the bottom end of the storage tank 92. A hopper partition 94 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the bottom end of the storage tank 92. The bottom end of the hopper partition 94 is fixedly communicated with an electric control gate 95. The outer wall of the bottom end of the storage tank 92 is fixedly communicated with a second air pipe 96. The air outlet end of the second air pipe 96 is fixedly connected with the air inlet end of the connecting pipe 511. A feeding screw hole is opened on the outer wall of the top end of the storage tank 92, and a sealing plug 14 is threadedly connected to the hole wall of the feeding screw hole. The top end of the storage tank 92 is filled with a water-absorbing resin powder layer 15. The water-absorbing resin powder layer 15 has the functions of drying drill chips to prevent blockage and temporarily supporting the drilling hole.

[0024] The photoelectric sensor 66 is electrically connected to the input end of the PLC controller 62 through a wire. The first electro-hydraulic rod 3, the second electro-hydraulic rod 53, the driving motor 61, the third electro-hydraulic rod 71, the air compressor 91 and the electric control gate 95 are all electrically connected to the output end of the PLC controller 62 through wires. The above-mentioned electrical components and electrical connections are all prior arts and will not be elaborated here.

[0025] The operating principle of the present invention is described as follows: During the tunnel support drilling construction in the Quaternary new loess area, first, the position of the first guide rail 1 is arranged, and then the azimuth angle of the drilling machine is adjusted according to the tunnel azimuth line to make the drilling machine parallel to the tunnel azimuth line. Specifically, the position of the U-shaped base 13 is adjusted through the first guide rail 1 and the first slider 2, and at the same time, the position of the drilling mechanism 5 is adjusted through the second guide rail 10 and the second slider 11. Then, the PLC controller 62 controls the start of the four first electro-hydraulic rods 3. The first electro-hydraulic rods 3 push the U-shaped base 13 to adjust its height through the rubber support blocks 4, and the micro-deformation of the rubber support blocks 4 can compensate for the difference in the simultaneous lifting and lowering of the mobile ends of the four first electro-hydraulic rods 3. After that, the staff controls the operation of the third electro-hydraulic rod 71 of the positioning mechanism 7 through the PLC controller 62 and the external control panel. The mobile end of the third electro-hydraulic rod 71 pushes the pressure plate 72 to squeeze the U-shaped base 13 to fix the position between the L-shaped plate 51 and the U-shaped base 13. The pressure plate 72 pushes the screw rod 73 downward, and the screw rod 73 pushes the positioning block 75 to contact the tunnel ground through the threaded barrel 74 to limit the U-shaped base 13, thus completing the determination of the drilling position of the drilling machine. At the same time, the protective cover 81 of the protection mechanism 8 is close to the inner wall of the tunnel; Before the positioning mechanism 7 is started, the staff rotates the threaded barrel 74. The threaded barrel 74 adjusts its position on the screw rod 73 and adjusts the position of the positioning block 75 from the tunnel ground to ensure that after the third electro-hydraulic rod 71 is started, not only does the pressure plate 72 squeeze the U-shaped base 13, but also the positioning block 75 squeezes the tunnel ground to limit the drilling machine, enabling the drilling mechanism 5 to operate stably and reliably during drilling. Moreover, the first internal threaded drill pipe 56, the second internal threaded drill pipe 57, and the air-cooled drill bit 58 are connected to the drilling mechanism 5. The connecting pipe 511 is communicated with the second air pipe 96. The tightening directions of the first internal threaded drill pipe 56, the second internal threaded drill pipe 57, and the air-cooled drill bit 58 are the same as the drilling rotation direction of the drilling machine to prevent the first internal threaded drill pipe 56, the second internal threaded drill pipe 57, and the air-cooled drill bit 58 from loosening during drilling. This mechanism enables the drilling machine for tunnel support drilling to have the function of multi-angle adjustment and can meet the support drilling requirements at different positions, improving the convenience of using the drilling machine; After the drilling position of the drilling machine is adjusted, the staff controls the driving motor 61, the air compressor 91 and the second electro-hydraulic rod 53 to start through the PLC controller 62. The driving motor 61 drives the rotating cylinder 54 to rotate through the helical gear 63 and the helical ring 64. The rotating cylinder 54 controls the first internal-thread drill pipe 56, the second internal-thread drill pipe 57 and the air-cooled drill bit 58 to rotate through the three-jaw chuck 55. The mobile end of the second electro-hydraulic rod 53 moves at a uniform speed to push the hollow box 52 to move. The hollow box 52 drives the rotating air-cooled drill bit 58 through the rotating cylinder 54 to drill into the tunnel soil body for support drilling operation. At this time, the air compressor 91 sucks in the outside air and injects it into the air-cooled drill bit 58 through the first air pipe 93, the storage tank 92, the second air pipe 96 and the connecting pipe 511. The air pressure output by the air compressor 91 is controlled above 0.4 MPa. When the air flow sprays out through the air holes 59 of the air-cooled drill bit 58, it can not only cool down the air-cooled drill bit 58, but also carry the drill cuttings out through the annular gap between the drill pipe and the drill hole. After the drill cuttings are discharged, they fall into the protective cover 81 and finally enter the dust bag installed with the guide hopper 84 through the guide hopper 84. The dust bag is fixed on the guide hopper 84 through the dust bag limit pipe clamp 85. The dust bag can prevent the drill cuttings generated by drilling from flying and disturbing the construction in the tunnel. Finally, when grouting at the end of the hole, the grouting pipe injects cement slurry into the inner cavities of the first internal-thread drill pipe 56 and the air-cooled drill bit 58. The cement slurry fills and injects the inner cavity of the drill pipe and the annular gap outside the drill pipe. After completion, the drilling machine is transferred to the next hole position for construction. This mechanism enables the drilling machine for tunnel support drilling to have the ability to drill holes with different depths through the detachable design of the drill pipe. Moreover, during the drilling process, it can not only cool down the drill hole, but also quickly discharge the drill cuttings; During the drilling process of the drilling machine, the PLC controller 62 controls the electric control gate 95 to open. Then, the water-absorbing resin powder in the water-absorbing resin powder layer 15 in the storage tank 92 will fall through the opened electric control gate 95 to the bottom of the storage tank 92. After the electric control gate 95 is opened, the water-absorbing resin powder in the water-absorbing resin powder layer 15 continuously falls to the bottom of the storage tank 92 under the influence of the vibration of the drilling machine during drilling. At this time, the air flow entering from the first air pipe 93 carries the discharged water-absorbing resin powder into the second air pipe 96. Finally, the air flow carries the water-absorbing resin powder and sprays out along the first internal-thread drill pipe 56, the second internal-thread drill pipe 57, the air-cooled drill bit 58 and the air holes 59, so that the water-absorbing resin powder fully contacts the surface of the drill cuttings generated by drilling. The water-absorbing resin powder can quickly absorb the moisture on the surface of the drill cuttings and form an anti-drill-cutting wet adhesion layer on the surface of the drill cuttings, making the drill cuttings dry and easy to discharge, avoiding the drill cuttings from sticking together due to moisture, and avoiding the wet drill cuttings from adhering to the surface of the drill pipe and blocking the drill hole, reducing the risk of hole collapse caused by poor chip removal. It is especially suitable for loose strata such as the Quaternary new loess, improving the convenience of drill cuttings discharge. Therefore, it is not necessary for the staff to frequently pause the drilling machine to clean the blocked drill hole, saving time and effort; In addition, some of the water-absorbing resin powder is embedded in the pores of the soil layer in the drill hole under the action of the air flow pressure. This part of the water-absorbing resin powder will expand after absorbing the moisture in the soil layer of the water-absorbing drill hole and fill the gaps in the soil layer of the drill hole. This is because the Quaternary new loess has a large porosity ratio and a high water content, and the gel formed after the water-absorbing resin powder absorbs water can fill the pores, temporarily enhancing the stability of the hole wall and avoiding the risk of drill hole collapse. In addition, during the final hole grouting, the alkaline environment of the cement slurry can partially degrade the gel of the water-absorbing resin powder without affecting the strength of the grouting body, ensuring the reliability of the tunnel support construction; Moreover, during the injection of the water-absorbing resin powder into the drill hole, the photoelectric sensor 66 emits a light beam towards the rotating cylinder 54. If the light beam emitted by the photoelectric sensor 66 irradiates the light reflecting sheet 65, the reflecting sheet 65 reflects the light beam to the receiving end of the photoelectric sensor 66, enabling it to detect the change in light intensity and generate a pulse signal. The pulse signal is sent to the PLC controller 62. The PLC controller 62 calculates the number of pulses per unit time and converts it into the rotational speed (rotational speed = pulse frequency / number of marks). At the same time, it controls the opening degree of the electric control gate 95 according to the magnitude of the rotational speed. The air-cooled drill bit 58 rotates at a high speed, that is, the resistance of the air-cooled drill bit 58 during drilling is small, and more drill chips are generated. The PLC controller 62 then controls the opening degree of the electric control gate 95 to increase, so that more water-absorbing resin powder is transported into the drill hole to ensure that there is enough water-absorbing resin powder to dry the drill chips. On the contrary, after the rotational speed of the rotating cylinder 54 decreases, that is, the resistance of the air-cooled drill bit 58 during drilling increases and fewer drill chips are generated. The PLC controller 62 then controls the opening degree of the electric control gate 95 to decrease, avoiding the situation of blockage caused by excessive injection of water-absorbing resin powder into the drill hole and preventing it from affecting continuous drilling. This mechanism enables the drill hole machine for tunnel support drilling to have the functions of drying drill chips and temporarily strengthening the drill hole, avoiding the situation of blockage during the discharge of drill chips, and minimizing the occurrence of drill hole collapse. It not only reduces the labor intensity of the staff but also improves the success rate and efficiency of the tunnel support drilling operation, preventing potential safety hazards.

[0026] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A drilling machine for tunnel construction, comprising two first guide rails (1), characterized in that, Two first sliders (2) are movably connected to the outer wall of the first guide rail (1). A first electro-hydraulic rod (3) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the first slider (2). A rubber support block (4) is fixedly connected to the moving end of the first electro-hydraulic rod (3). A U-shaped base (13) is fixedly connected to the upper surfaces of the four rubber support blocks (4). Two second guide rails (10) are fixedly connected to the upper surface of the U-shaped base (13). A second slider (11) is slidably connected to the top end of the second guide rail (10). A drilling mechanism (5) is fixedly connected to the upper surfaces of the two second sliders (11). A rectangular moving through-hole (12) is formed in the lower surface of the U-shaped base (13), and a positioning mechanism (7) is movably connected to the hole wall of the rectangular moving through-hole (12). The top end of the positioning mechanism (7) is fixedly embedded and connected to the lower surface of the drilling mechanism (5). A protection mechanism (8) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the drilling end of the drilling mechanism (5). A drilling auxiliary mechanism (9) is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the U-shaped base (13).

2. The drilling machine for tunnel construction according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drilling mechanism (5) includes an L-shaped plate (51) fixedly connected to the upper surfaces of the two second sliders (11). A chute is formed in the upper surface of the L-shaped plate (51), and a hollow box (52) is slidably connected to the chute wall of the chute. A through-hole is formed in the side wall of the vertical part of the L-shaped plate (51), and a second electro-hydraulic rod (53) is fixedly connected to the hole wall of the through-hole. The moving end of the second electro-hydraulic rod (53) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the hollow box (52). A rotating cylinder (54) is fixedly installed on the outer walls of both sides of the hollow box (52) through rolling bearings. A three-jaw chuck (55) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the rotating cylinder (54). A first internally threaded drill pipe (56) is fixedly clamped by the inner wall of the three-jaw chuck (55). A second internally threaded drill pipe (57) is threadedly connected to the side end of the first internally threaded drill pipe (56). An air-cooled drill bit (58) is threadedly connected to the end of the second internally threaded drill pipe (57) away from the first internally threaded drill pipe (56). A plurality of air spray holes (59) are formed in the outer wall of the air-cooled drill bit (58). A sealing bearing (510) is fixedly embedded in the outer side end of the first internally threaded drill pipe (56). A connecting pipe (511) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sealing bearing (510). A driving mechanism (6) is fixedly connected to the top end of the hollow box (52).

3. The drilling machine for tunnel construction according to claim 2, characterized in that, The driving mechanism (6) includes a driving motor (61) and a PLC controller (62) fixedly connected to the upper surface of the hollow box (52). The output end of the driving motor (61) passes through the inner wall of the hollow box (52) and is fixedly connected with a helical gear (63). A connecting through hole matching the driving end of the driving motor (61) is formed on the upper surface of the hollow box (52). An helical gear ring (64) meshing with the helical gear (63) is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating cylinder (54). A reflective sheet (65) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rotating cylinder (54). A fixing through hole is formed at the top end of the hollow box (52), and a photoelectric sensor (66) corresponding to the reflective sheet (65) is fixedly connected to the hole wall of the fixing through hole.

4. The drilling machine for tunnel construction according to claim 3, characterized in that, The positioning mechanism (7) includes a third electro-hydraulic rod (71) fixedly embedded in the lower surface of the L-shaped plate (51). A pressing disc (72) is fixedly connected to the moving end of the third electro-hydraulic rod (71). A screw rod (73) is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the pressing disc (72). A threaded cylinder (74) is threadedly sleeved at the bottom end of the screw rod (73). A positioning block (75) is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the threaded cylinder (74).

5. A drilling machine for tunnel construction according to claim 1, characterized in that, The protection mechanism (8) includes a protective cover (81) fixedly connected to the side end of the L-shaped plate (51). A rubber ring (82) hermetically and slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the inner threaded drill pipe is fixedly embedded in the side wall of the protective cover (81). A rubber sealing ring (83) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the cover opening side of the protective cover (81). A feeding hopper (84) is fixedly communicated with the bottom end of the protective cover (81). A dust bag limiting pipe clamp (85) is movably sleeved at the bottom end of the feeding hopper (84).

6. The drilling machine for tunnel construction according to claim 2, wherein, The drilling auxiliary mechanism (9) includes an air compressor (91) and a storage tank (92) fixedly connected to the lower surface of the U-shaped base (13). The air outlet end of the air compressor (91) is fixedly communicated with a first air pipe (93). The bottom end of the first air pipe (93) is fixedly communicated with the bottom end of the storage tank (92). A hopper partition plate (94) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the bottom end of the storage tank (92). An electric control gate (95) is fixedly communicated with the bottom end of the hopper partition plate (94). A second air pipe (96) is fixedly communicated with the outer wall of the bottom end of the storage tank (92). The air outlet end of the second air pipe (96) is fixedly communicated with the air inlet end of the connecting pipe (511).

7. A drilling machine for tunnel construction according to claim 6, characterized in that, A feeding screw hole is formed on the outer wall of the top end of the storage tank (92), and a sealing plug (14) is threadedly connected to the hole wall of the feeding screw hole. An absorbent resin powder layer (15) is filled at the top end of the storage tank (92).

8. A drilling machine for tunnel construction according to claim 3, characterized in that, An L-shaped limiting rod (16) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the side end of the rotating cylinder (54). The outer wall of the vertical part of the L-shaped limiting rod (16) contacts the side end of the first inner threaded drill pipe (56).

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