Composite pulse type rock stratum self-adaptive drilling system

Abstract

The invention discloses a composite pulse type rock stratum self-adaptive drilling system and relates to the technical field of drilling, the composite pulse type rock stratum self-adaptive drilling system comprises an outer pipe and a drilling part transmission shaft, the transmission shaft rotates in the outer pipe and is used for driving a drilling part to work, the outer pipe is provided with a plurality of mounting rings in the axis direction, the outer sides of the mounting rings are sleeved with oscillation rings, and impact rings corresponding to the oscillation rings are arranged; a driving ring is slidably connected to the inner side of the mounting ring in the axis direction, a transmission ring is arranged between the driving ring and the transmission shaft, and the transmission shaft drives the driving ring to reciprocate in the axis direction through the transmission ring when rotating, so that the oscillation ring generates pulse oscillation; the impact ring is in contact with the inner wall of the drill hole prior to the outer pipe, when the impact ring is subjected to friction force of the drill hole, relative displacement occurs between the impact ring and the outer pipe, at the moment, the oscillation ring collides with the impact ring, then the impact ring is pushed to move forwards, the friction force borne by the outer pipe is reduced, and the effect of improving the drilling efficiency in the directional drilling process is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of drilling, and in particular to a composite pulse type rock formation adaptive drilling system. Background Art

[0002] Directional drilling is a drilling technology that uses special drilling equipment to control the drilling direction of the drill bit through special equipment or tools to control the wellbore trajectory. During the mineral drilling process, the directional drilling technology can be used for correcting the deviation of the drill bit, bypassing hard rock formations or complex sections, etc., and can be applied to various different working environments.

[0003] The related technology can refer to the Chinese patent with the publication number CN110621847B, which discloses a directional drilling device using a water hammer unit, including: a hammer body, in which a drill bit unit configured to perform drilling work is installed at the end of the hammer body and can move up and down; a piston, slidably installed on the hammer body, and including a working fluid discharge portion formed in the longitudinal direction; a driving unit, installed between the hammer body and the piston to support the upper part of the piston, and configured to move the piston up and down by using water supplied through a rod connected to the hammer body; a hammer unit, including a transmission shaft, the transmission shaft is connected to the drill bit through a first coupling portion, so as to transmit a rotational force in a state where the hammer unit passes through the piston installed on the hammer body and moves up or down through the drill bit; and a mud motor unit, connected to the hammer body, and configured to rotate the transmission shaft.

[0004] In view of the above related technology, the part used to connect the drill bit and the ground drilling device is usually called the rod body. Since the rod body needs to have a certain flexibility and a bending function, during the drilling process, the outer surface of the rod body is likely to come into contact with the inner wall of the drill hole. When drilling horizontally, under the influence of gravity, the lower end of the rod body will cling to the side wall of the horizontally drilled hole. During the advancement of the drill bit, the rod body will be subjected to the frictional force of the inner wall of the drill hole. Since directional drilling is mostly used for long-distance drilling work, and the longer the drilling distance, the greater the contact probability and area between the rod body and the inner wall of the drill hole. As the drilling length increases, the frictional force received by the rod body will also become larger and larger, so that the drilling equipment needs to use a greater pushing force to drive the rod body and the drill bit forward, thus affecting the drilling efficiency of the drill bit. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to improve the drilling efficiency during directional drilling, the present application provides a composite pulse type rock formation adaptive drilling system.

[0006] The present application provides a composite pulse type rock formation adaptive drilling system, adopting the following technical solutions: A composite pulse-type rock stratum adaptive drilling system includes an outer pipe. One end of the outer pipe is rotatably connected to a drilling part. Inside the outer pipe, a transmission shaft for driving the drilling part to rotate is rotatably connected. It also includes: a number of mounting rings. An oscillation ring is sleeved outside the mounting ring. The oscillation ring is slidably connected to the mounting ring along the axial direction. One end of the mounting ring close to the drilling part is slidably connected along the axial direction with an impact ring facing the oscillation ring. The outer diameter of the impact ring is larger than that of the outer pipe. Inside the mounting ring, a driving ring is slidably connected along the axial direction. A connecting rod is fixedly connected to the outer circumference of the driving ring. The connecting rod passes through the mounting ring and is fixedly connected to the oscillation ring. A transmission ring is sleeved outside the transmission shaft. When the transmission shaft rotates, it drives the transmission ring to rotate. The transmission ring is rotatably connected to the mounting ring. The driving ring is located outside the transmission ring and is coaxial with the transmission ring. A number of positive spiral plates are fixedly connected to the outer circumference of the transmission ring along the circumferential direction. A guiding column is fixedly connected to the driving ring. An elastic member is provided between the oscillation ring and the mounting ring. In the natural state of the elastic member, the guiding column is located at the end of the positive spiral plate away from the drilling part. When the positive spiral plate rotates, it pushes the driving ring to move through the guiding column, so that the driving ring drives the oscillation ring to approach the impact ring. A limiting ring is fixedly connected to one end of the mounting ring close to the drilling part. When the impact ring contacts the limiting ring, the oscillation ring does not contact the impact ring. When the impact ring disengages from the limiting ring, the oscillation ring collides with the impact ring during the moving process.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, under the support and protection of the outer pipe, the drilling part works driven by the transmission shaft, and then drills in soil or rock strata. During the rotation of the transmission shaft, it drives the driving ring to rotate. Initially, the oscillation ring is far from the impact ring under the action of the elastic member. At this time, the guiding column is at the end of the positive spiral plate away from the drilling part. When the transmission shaft drives the transmission ring to rotate, the transmission ring drives the guiding column to approach the drilling part through the positive spiral plate. When the guiding column moves, it drives the oscillation ring to approach the impact ring through the driving ring and the connecting rod. When the guiding column disengages from the positive spiral plate, the elastic member drives the oscillation ring to reset. The outer diameter of the impact ring is larger than that of the outer pipe. During the drilling of the outer pipe, the impact ring first contacts and rubs against the inner wall of the drill hole. In the part of the outer pipe arranged vertically, the impact ring is close to the limiting ring under the action of gravity. At this time, the oscillation ring does not collide with the impact ring, and it only performs pulse oscillation vertically, and a downward thrust is applied to the outer pipe during the oscillation process. In the part of the outer pipe arranged horizontally, since the impact ring first contacts the inner wall of the drill hole, when the outer pipe drills, the impact ring is blocked by the frictional force provided by the inner wall of the drill hole, so that the impact ring has a relative displacement with the outer pipe and disengages from the limiting ring. At this time, the oscillation ring collides with the impact ring during the oscillation process, and then pushes the impact ring towards the limiting ring, so that the impact ring and the outer pipe advance alternately. The impact ring is beneficial to reducing the contact area between the outer pipe and the inner wall of the drill hole, thereby being beneficial to reducing the resistance during drilling and improving the drilling efficiency during directional drilling.

[0008] Optionally, a plurality of anti - spiral plates are fixedly connected circumferentially on the outer side of the transmission ring. The spiral direction of the anti - spiral plates is opposite to that of the positive spiral plates, and the anti - spiral plates and the positive spiral plates are arranged at intervals. The minimum distance between the anti - spiral plates and the positive spiral plates is greater than the maximum diameter of the guide posts. The anti - spiral plates and the positive spiral plates are arranged alternately. The end faces of the positive spiral plates and the anti - spiral plates for driving the guide posts to move are both set as contact surfaces. After the guide posts leave the positive spiral plates, they are opposite to the end of the contact surface of the anti - spiral plates close to the drilling part.

[0009] By adopting the above - mentioned technical solution, in the horizontally - arranged part of the drill hole, it is easy to accumulate falling stones and soil. When the elastic member drives the oscillation ring to reset, the falling stones and soil generate resistance to the oscillation ring. At this time, the transmission ring rotates and makes the anti - spiral plates contact with the guide posts, and pushes the guide posts to move in the direction away from the impact ring, which is beneficial to reducing the probability of the oscillation ring getting stuck and improving the working stability of the oscillation ring.

[0010] Optionally, the gap between the transmission shaft and the outer pipe forms a water - conveying channel, which is used to convey cooling water along the outer pipe to the drilling part. A plurality of water - spraying holes are opened circumferentially on the outer side of the oscillation ring, and a water - sending hole is opened on the driving ring. One end of the water - sending hole is communicated with the water - spraying hole, and the other end is communicated with the water - conveying channel.

[0011] By adopting the above - mentioned technical solution, during the drilling process, the water in the water - conveying channel flows along the water - sending hole to the water - spraying hole and is finally sprayed out from the water - spraying hole, thereby flushing the inner wall of the drill hole during the drilling process and reducing the probability of falling stones and soil accumulation in the drill hole.

[0012] Optionally, blocking rings are fixedly connected to both ends of the transmission ring along the axial direction, and two sealing rings are also sleeved on the outer side of the transmission ring. All the positive spiral plates are located between the two sealing rings. Piston rings are fixedly connected to both ends of the driving ring along the axial direction. The piston rings are located between the sealing rings and the blocking rings. The gap between the piston rings and the blocking rings forms a first water - storage cavity. The blocking rings are axially provided with a first water - inlet hole. The gap between the piston rings and the sealing rings forms a second water - storage cavity. The piston rings are axially provided with a second water - inlet hole. Check valves are arranged in both the first water - inlet hole and the second water - inlet hole. The end of the water - sending hole far from the water - spraying hole is communicated with the second water - storage cavity.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, in the initial state, the piston ring is located near the blocking ring, and at this time, the volume of the second water storage cavity reaches the maximum value. When the driving ring moves along the axial direction, it drives the piston ring away from the blocking ring. At this time, the volume of the first water storage cavity gradually increases, so that the cooling water in the water delivery channel passes through the water inlet hole and enters the first water storage cavity together. After the piston ring reaches the farthest position from the blocking ring, the cooling water fills the first water storage cavity. At this time, the driving ring resets, and the cooling water in the water storage cavity is squeezed through the piston ring, so that the cooling water passes through the second water inlet hole and enters the second water storage cavity. When the piston ring moves away from the blocking ring again, the sealing ring cooperates with the piston ring to squeeze the cooling water in the second water storage cavity, and then conveys the cooling water along the water delivery hole to the water spraying hole. Under the action of the one-way valve, the cooling water flows unidirectionally. The squeezing action of the piston ring is beneficial to increasing the pressure when the cooling water enters the water delivery hole, and thus improving the scouring effect of the cooling water on the accumulation.

[0014] Optionally, a plurality of straight grooves are axially formed on the outer surface of the oscillation ring, connecting ribs are left between adjacent straight grooves, and all the connecting ribs are axially provided with direct current cavities along the length direction. The water delivery holes are communicated with the direct current cavities, and all the water spraying holes are located in the straight grooves and are distributed on both sides of the connecting ribs along the length direction. All the water spraying holes on the same connecting rib are communicated with the direct current cavity, and the end of the water spraying hole far from the axis of the oscillation ring is inclined away from the direct current cavity.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the straight grooves are beneficial to reducing the contact area between the outer surface of the oscillation ring and the inner wall of the drilling hole. At the same time, the connecting ribs are used to ensure the structural strength of the oscillation ring. After the cooling water enters the direct current cavity along the water delivery hole, it sprays out along the water spraying hole. The water spraying holes are located in the straight grooves, thereby reducing the probability that the end of the water spraying hole contacts the inner wall of the drilling hole and causes the water spraying hole to be blocked. And when the water spraying direction of the water spraying hole is inclined relative to the diameter direction of the oscillation ring, the water spraying holes below the oscillation ring guide the cooling water to spray horizontally, thereby facilitating the pushing of the accumulation in the drilling hole away from the oscillation ring.

[0016] Optionally, the drilling part includes a hydraulic motor and a drill bit. One end of the outer pipe close to the drilling part is rotatably connected with an installation pipe. One end of the transmission shaft is fixedly connected with the installation pipe. The end of the installation pipe far from the outer pipe is fixedly connected with a deflection pipe. The axis of the deflection pipe has a preset deflection angle with the axis of the installation pipe. The hydraulic motor is installed in the deflection pipe, and the drill bit is rotatably connected to the end of the deflection pipe far from the installation pipe and is fixedly connected with the output end of the hydraulic motor.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, when drilling in a straight line direction, the installation pipe is driven to rotate by the transmission shaft. The installation pipe drives the hydraulic motor and the drill bit to rotate synchronously through the deflection pipe, so that the drill bit drills into the rock formation or soil. When it is necessary to change the deflection angle, the installation pipe is rotated to a preset angle so that the deflection pipe faces the required drilling direction. Then, the rotation of the transmission shaft is stopped, and the drill bit is directly driven to rotate by the hydraulic motor, and the outer pipe is advanced synchronously, so that the drill bit drills along the deflection pipe towards the required direction, realizing the adjustment of the drilling direction.

[0018] Optionally, the transmission shaft includes a main steel cable and a plurality of secondary steel cables spirally arranged outside the main steel cable. Both the main steel cable and the secondary steel cables are flexible, and the gaps between adjacent secondary steel cables form spiral grooves. The drive ring includes a rotating pipe for installing a positive spiral plate and a connecting pipe. The connecting pipe is coaxially arranged inside the rotating pipe, and a plurality of connecting plates are fixedly connected between the connecting pipe and the rotating pipe. The transmission shaft passes through the connecting pipe, and the main steel cable is coaxial with the connecting pipe. A plurality of extension blocks adapted to the spiral grooves are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the connecting pipe. The extension blocks extend into the spiral grooves and abut against the secondary steel cables.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, the secondary steel cables are beneficial to improving the structural strength of the main steel cable, and spiral grooves capable of accommodating the extension blocks are formed outside the transmission shaft. The extension blocks cooperate with the spiral grooves, which is beneficial to improving the connection stability between the connecting pipe and the transmission shaft and reducing the probability of relative slippage between the connecting pipe and the transmission shaft. When the connecting pipe rotates, the rotating pipe is driven to rotate through the connecting plates, and the rotating pipe drives the guide post to move through the positive spiral plate.

[0020] Optionally, the elastic member is sleeved outside the installation ring. A retaining ring is fixedly connected to one end of the installation ring away from the drilling part. The elastic member is located between the retaining ring and the oscillation ring. A shielding pipe is fixedly connected to one end of the oscillation ring away from the drilling part. The shielding pipe and the installation ring cooperate to form an annular cavity for placing the elastic member. The DC cavity and the water delivery hole are communicated through the annular cavity. The outer diameter of the shielding pipe is smaller than the outer diameter of the oscillation ring.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, the installation ring supports the elastic member through the retaining ring, and the shielding pipe is used to protect the elastic member, reducing the probability of the elastic member being affected by falling stones in the drill hole. During the oscillation of the oscillation ring, the volume of the annular cavity changes, and the cooling water continuously enters the annular cavity along the water delivery hole. When the volume of the annular cavity decreases, the cooling water is pressed into the DC cavity, which is beneficial to accelerating the flow rate of the cooling water.

[0022] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. Under the support and protection of the outer tube, the drilling part is driven to work by the transmission shaft, and then drills in the soil or rock formation. During the rotation of the transmission shaft, the driving ring is driven to rotate. Initially, the oscillation ring moves away from the impact ring under the action of the elastic member. At this time, the guide post is at the end of the positive spiral plate away from the drilling part. When the transmission shaft drives the transmission ring to rotate, the transmission ring drives the guide post to approach the drilling part through the positive spiral plate. When the guide post moves, it drives the oscillation ring to approach the impact ring through the driving ring and the connecting rod. When the guide post disengages from the positive spiral plate, the elastic member drives the oscillation ring to reset. The outer diameter of the impact ring is larger than that of the outer tube. During the drilling of the outer tube, the impact ring first comes into contact with and rubs against the inner wall of the drill hole. In the part of the outer tube arranged vertically, the impact ring is close to the limit ring under the action of gravity. At this time, the oscillation ring does not collide with the impact ring, and it only undergoes pulse oscillation in the vertical direction, and a downward thrust is applied to the outer tube during the oscillation process. In the part of the outer tube arranged horizontally, since the impact ring first contacts the inner wall of the drill hole, when the outer tube drills, the impact ring is blocked by the frictional force provided by the inner wall of the drill hole, causing the impact ring to have a relative displacement with the outer tube and disengage from the limit ring. At this time, the oscillation ring collides with the impact ring during the oscillation process, and then pushes the impact ring towards the limit ring, causing the impact ring and the outer tube to advance alternately. The impact ring is beneficial to reducing the contact area between the outer tube and the inner wall of the drill hole, thereby being beneficial to reducing the resistance during drilling and improving the drilling efficiency during directional drilling; 2. In the horizontally arranged part of the drill hole, it is easy to accumulate fallen rocks and soil. When the elastic member drives the oscillation ring to reset, the fallen rocks and soil generate resistance to the oscillation ring. At this time, the transmission ring rotates and makes the reverse spiral plate contact the guide post, and pushes the guide post to move away from the impact ring, which is beneficial to reducing the probability of the oscillation ring getting stuck and improving the working stability of the oscillation ring. Description of the Drawings

[0023] Figure 1 is the overall structural schematic diagram of the embodiment.

[0024] Figure 2 is the schematic diagram designed to highlight the connection between the outer tube and the mounting ring.

[0025] Figure 3 is the schematic diagram designed to highlight the position of the hydraulic motor.

[0026] Figure 4 is the schematic diagram designed to highlight the structure of the transmission ring.

[0027] Figure 5 is Figure 2 the enlarged schematic diagram of part A in

[0028] Figure 6 is the schematic diagram designed to highlight the structure of the mounting tube.

[0029] Figure 7 is the schematic diagram designed to highlight the external structure of the rotating tube.

[0030] Description of the reference numerals: 1. Outer tube; 11. Installation tube; 12. Deflection tube; 2. Drilling part; 21. Hydraulic motor; 22. Drill bit; 3. Transmission shaft; 31. Main steel cable; 32. Secondary steel cable; 4. Installation ring; 41. Oscillation ring; 411. Straight groove; 412. Connecting rib; 413. DC cavity; 414. Water spraying hole; 42. Shielding tube; 43. Impact ring; 44. Limit ring; 45. Driving ring; 451. Guide post; 452. Piston ring; 453. Second water inlet hole; 454. Water delivery hole; 46. Connecting rod; 47. Elastic member; 48. Retaining ring; 5. Transmission ring; 51. Rotating tube; 511. Positive spiral plate; 512. Reverse spiral plate; 513. Plugging ring; 514. First water inlet hole; 515. Sealing ring; 52. Connecting tube; 521. Extension block; 53. Connecting plate; 6. Check valve. Specific embodiments

[0031] The following further describes the present application in detail with reference to all the drawings.

[0032] An embodiment of the present application discloses a composite pulse type rock formation adaptive drilling system.

[0033] Embodiment: Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 A composite pulse type rock formation adaptive drilling system includes an outer tube 1 for connecting to a drill rig. A transmission shaft 3 is rotatably connected inside the outer tube 1. When the drill rig operates, it drives the transmission shaft 3 to rotate and applies an axial thrust to the outer tube 1. The drill rig is a prior art and will not be elaborated here. A plurality of outer tubes 1 are provided, and the plurality of outer tubes 1 are connected end to end. The outer tube 1 far from the drill rig is connected to a drilling part 2.

[0034] Referring to Figure 2 and Figure 3 Taking the outer tube 1 connected to the drilling part 2 as an example for illustration, the drilling part 2 includes a hydraulic motor 21 and a drill bit 22. One end of the outer tube 1 in the axial direction is rotatably connected to an installation tube 11. The transmission shaft 3 is coaxially connected to the installation tube 11. The connection method can be a fixed connection or a connection through a coupling. When the transmission shaft 3 rotates, it drives the installation tube 11 to rotate synchronously. One end of the installation tube 11 far from the outer tube 1 is fixedly connected to a deflection tube 12. A preset angle is left between the deflection tube 12 and the installation tube 11. When the installation tube 11 rotates, it drives the deflection tube 12 to rotate. The drill bit 22 is installed at one end of the deflection tube 12 far from the installation tube 11. When the deflection tube 12 rotates, it drives the drill bit 22 to rotate, and the rotation trajectory of the drill bit 22 forms a complete circle. The hydraulic motor 21 is installed inside the deflection tube 12, and the output end of the hydraulic motor 21 is coaxially fixed to the drill bit 22. When the hydraulic motor 21 operates, it drives the drill bit 22 to rotate.

[0035] Referring toFigure 2 and Figure 3 The gap between the transmission shaft 3 and the outer tube 1 forms a water conveyance channel. The drill rig conveys cooling water to the hydraulic motor 21 through the water conveyance channel. When the cooling water flows through the hydraulic motor 21, it drives the hydraulic motor 21 to work, causing the hydraulic motor 21 to drive the drill bit 22 to rotate. In the initial state, the rotating shaft directly drives the installation pipe 11 to rotate, causing the drill bit 22 to rotate around the axis of the installation pipe 11, thereby realizing straight drilling. When the drilling direction needs to be adjusted, the orientation of the deflection pipe 12 is adjusted through the transmission shaft 3, so that the deflection pipe 12 drives the drill bit 22 towards the direction where drilling is required. At this time, only the hydraulic motor 21 is started, causing the hydraulic motor 21 to drive the drill bit 22 to rotate around the axis of the deflection pipe 12. At this time, the outer tube 1 is synchronously pushed forward, and thus the drill bit 22 drills along the axis direction of the deflection pipe 12, completing the direction adjustment of directional drilling.

[0036] Refer to Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown in FIGS. and, the transmission shaft 3 includes a main steel cable 31 and a plurality of secondary steel cables 32 arranged circumferentially around the main steel cable 31. The secondary steel cables 32 are spirally arranged around the outer circumference of the main steel cable 31. The cross-section of the secondary steel cable 32 is circular, so that there are spiral grooves left between adjacent secondary steel cables 32. A plurality of mounting rings 4 are arranged along the length direction of the outer tube 1. The mounting rings 4 are coaxially fixed with the outer tube 1, and a transmission ring 5 is rotatably connected to the inner side of the mounting ring 4. The transmission ring 5 includes a rotating tube 51 and a connecting tube 52. At both ends of the rotating tube 51 along the axial direction, blocking rings 513 are coaxially fixed. The outer circumference of the blocking ring 513 fits against the inner wall of the mounting ring 4. The mounting ring 4 is provided with an inner ring groove for mounting the rotating tube 51 along the circumferential direction. The blocking ring 513 is located in the inner ring groove and is rotatably connected to the mounting ring 4. The mounting ring 4 restricts the axial displacement of the rotating tube 51 through the inner ring groove.

[0037] Refer to Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown in FIGS. and, the connecting tube 52 is located inside the rotating tube 51, and the connecting tube 52 is coaxial with the rotating tube 51. A plurality of connecting plates 53 are fixedly connected between the connecting tube 52 and the rotating tube 51. There are gaps left between adjacent connecting plates 53 for the cooling water to pass through. The connecting tube 52 is provided with a through hole along the axial direction. The transmission shaft 3 passes through the through hole. A plurality of extension blocks 521 adapted to the arc-shaped grooves are fixedly connected to the connecting tube 52 along the axial direction of the through hole. The extension blocks 521 extend into the arc-shaped grooves and contact the secondary steel cables 32. The cooperation between the extension blocks 521 and the arc-shaped grooves is conducive to improving the connection stability between the transmission shaft 3 and the connecting tube 52, so that when the transmission shaft 3 rotates, it drives the connecting tube 52 to rotate, and when the connecting tube 52 rotates, it drives the rotating tube 51 to rotate synchronously through the connecting plates 53.

[0038] Refer to Figure 2 and Figure 5An oscillating ring 41 is sleeved on the outside of the mounting ring 4. The oscillating ring 41 is slidably connected to the mounting ring 4 along the axis direction of the mounting ring 4. A limiting ring 44 is fixedly connected to one end of the mounting ring 4 close to the drilling part 2. An impact ring 43 is provided between the limiting ring 44 and the oscillating ring 41. The impact ring 43 is also slidably connected to the mounting ring 4 along the axis direction of the mounting ring 4. An elastic member 47 is provided between the oscillating ring 41 and the mounting ring 4. The elastic member 47 is located on the side of the oscillating ring 41 away from the impact ring 43. A retaining ring 48 is fixedly connected to one end of the mounting ring 4 away from the limiting ring 44. The elastic member 47 is a spring. One end of the spring is fixedly connected to the retaining ring 48, and the other end is fixedly connected to the oscillating ring 41. In the natural state, the elastic member 47 drives the oscillating ring 41 away from the impact ring 43.

[0039] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 5 The end of the oscillating ring 41 away from the impact ring 43 is fixedly connected with a shielding tube 42. When the oscillating ring 41 moves, the shielding tube 42 is driven to move. The shielding tube 42 is sleeved outside the elastic member 47 and the retaining ring 48, thereby shielding the elastic member 47 and the retaining ring 48, and preventing external debris such as rock particles or soil from affecting the normal operation of the elastic member 47. The outer circle of the retaining ring 48 fits the oscillating ring 41, thereby supporting the shielding tube 42. An annular cavity is formed between the shielding tube 42 and the mounting ring 4. When the shielding tube 42 moves, the volume of the annular cavity changes.

[0040] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 6 A driving ring 45 is also provided inside the mounting ring 4. The outer circumference of the driving ring 45 is fitted with the mounting ring 4 and is slidably connected to the mounting ring 4 along the axial direction. Both ends of the driving ring 45 along the axial direction are fixedly connected with piston rings 452. The piston ring 452 is sleeved on the outside of the rotating tube 51 and is rotatably connected to the rotating tube 51. A plurality of connecting rods 46 are fixedly connected to the outer circumference of the driving ring 45 along the circumference. The mounting ring 4 is provided with a plurality of avoidance openings adapted to the connecting rods 46 along the axial direction. The connecting rods 46 pass through the corresponding avoidance openings and are fixedly connected to the oscillating ring 41. When the driving ring 45 moves along the axial direction, the oscillating ring 41 is driven to move synchronously through the connecting rods 46.

[0041] Reference Figure 5 and Figure 7 A plurality of positive spiral plates 511 and a plurality of reverse spiral plates 512 are evenly fixedly connected to the outer side of the rotating tube 51 along the circumferential direction. The positive spiral plates 511 and the reverse spiral plates 512 are alternately arranged and rotate synchronously with the rotating tube 51. A guide column 451 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the driving ring 45, and the guide column 451 extends toward the axis of the driving ring 45. The gap between the positive spiral plates 511 and the reverse spiral plates 512 is greater than the maximum diameter of the guide column 451. In the initial state, the guide column 451 is located between any adjacent positive spiral plates 511 and reverse spiral plates 512.

[0042] Reference Figure 5 and Figure 7 During the rotation of the rotating pipe 51, the contact surfaces of both the positive spiral plate 511 and the reverse spiral plate 512 facing the side close to the guide post 451 are set. When the contact surface of the positive spiral plate 511 contacts the guide post 451, the positive spiral plate 511 pushes the guide post 451 towards the impact ring 43. When the contact surface of the reverse spiral plate 512 contacts the guide post 451, it pushes the guide post 451 to move away from the installation ring. Also, the reverse spiral plate 512 and the positive spiral plate 511 are staggered along the axis direction of the rotating pipe 51. When the guide post 451 disengages from the contact surface of the positive spiral plate 511, Reference Figure 2 and Figure 6 The outer diameter of the impact ring 43 is larger than the outer diameter of the outer pipe 1. Thus, during the drilling process, the impact ring 43 contacts the inner wall of the drill hole prior to the outer pipe 1. When the outer pipe 1 is in the vertical part of the drill hole, if the impact ring 43 does not contact the inner wall of the drill hole, then at this time the impact ring 43 approaches the limit ring 44 under the action of gravity. At this time, during the movement of the oscillation ring 41, it does not contact the impact ring 43, and it only undergoes vertical pulse oscillation, which is beneficial for pushing the outer pipe 1 to move downward. When the impact ring 43 contacts the inner wall of the drill hole and the outer pipe 1 continues to drill, relative movement will occur between the outer pipe 1 and the impact ring 43. At this time, whether the outer pipe 1 is in a vertical state or a laterally deflected state, the impact ring 43 will disengage from the limit ring 44.

[0043] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 6 The impact ring 43 supports the movement of the outer pipe 1, which is beneficial for reducing the resistance suffered by the outer pipe 1 during movement and improving the movement convenience of the outer pipe 1. After the oscillation ring 41 collides with the impact ring 43, it pushes the impact ring 43 towards the limit ring 44. At this time, the outer pipe 1 continues to advance, and relative displacement occurs between the impact ring 43 and the outer pipe 1 again, causing the impact ring 43 and the outer pipe 1 to advance alternately, which is beneficial for reducing the resistance suffered during the drilling process and improving the drilling efficiency during the directional drilling process.

[0044] Reference Figure 5 and Figure 6, a sealing ring 515 is also sleeved outside the rotating pipe 51. Any piston ring 452 is located between the sealing ring 515 and the blocking ring 513. The cavity between the blocking ring 513 and the piston ring 452 forms a closed water storage chamber one, and the cavity between the piston ring 452 and the sealing ring 515 forms a closed water storage chamber two. The blocking ring 513 is provided with a plurality of first water inlet holes 514 along the axial direction. When the piston ring 452 moves away from the blocking ring 513, the cooling water in the water delivery channel is pumped into the water storage chamber one along the first water inlet holes 514. A one-way valve 6 is installed in the first water inlet holes 514, so that the cooling water only flows in the direction from the blocking ring 513 to the piston ring 452. The piston ring 452 is also provided with a plurality of second water inlet holes 453 along the axial direction. A one-way valve 6 is also installed in the second water inlet holes 453. When the piston ring 452 approaches the blocking ring 513, the volume of the water storage chamber one decreases, and the volume of the water storage chamber two increases. Then, the cooling water is pressed from the water storage chamber one into the water storage chamber two along the second water inlet holes 453.

[0045] Refer to Figure 5 and Figure 6 , the driving ring 45, the connecting rod 46 and the oscillating ring 41 are all provided with the same water delivery hole 454, and one end of the water delivery hole 454 communicates with the water storage chamber. When the piston ring 452 approaches the sealing ring 515, the cooling water in the water storage chamber two is pressed into the water delivery hole 454. The end of the water delivery hole 454 away from the water storage chamber two communicates with the annular cavity between the shielding pipe 42 and the mounting ring 4, and the cooling water enters the annular cavity along the water delivery hole 454. A plurality of straight grooves 411 are axially formed on the outer surface of the oscillating ring 41, and connecting ribs 412 are left between adjacent straight grooves 411. The straight grooves 411 are beneficial to reducing the contact area between the oscillating ring 41 and the inner wall of the drilling hole and reducing the friction force suffered by the oscillating ring 41 during movement.

[0046] Refer to Figure 5 and Figure 6 , a direct current cavity 413 is formed inside the connecting rib 412, and one end of the direct current cavity 413 communicates with the annular cavity. During the movement of the oscillating ring 41, the volume of the annular cavity changes regularly in size. And because there are two sets of the sealing ring 515, the piston ring 452 and the blocking ring 513, during the movement of the driving ring 45, the cooling water is continuously pumped into the annular cavity. And under the blocking action of the one-way valve 6, the cooling water flows unidirectionally. When the volume of the annular cavity increases, the cooling water is stored in the annular cavity. When the volume of the annular cavity decreases, the cooling water is pressed into the direct current cavity 413. Since the cooling water is continuously delivered to the annular cavity, the probability that the mud water in the drilling hole enters the annular cavity to interfere with the operation of the elastic member 47 is reduced during the volume change process of the annular cavity.

[0047] Refer to Figure 5 and Figure 6, all the connecting ribs 412 are provided with a plurality of water spray holes 414 along the length direction. The water spray holes 414 are located in the straight groove 411 and communicate with the direct current cavity 413 in the corresponding connecting rib 412, and the water spray holes 414 gradually deviate from the direct current cavity 413 in the direction away from the axis of the oscillation ring 41. The cooling water in the direct current cavity 413 is pressed into the water spray holes 414 and then sprayed out from the water spray holes 414. When the outer pipe 1 is located in the transverse drill hole, sundries such as falling stones and soil in the drill hole are likely to accumulate at the lower end of the outer pipe 1. During the movement of the oscillation ring 41, the sundries are washed by the cooling water sprayed out along the water spray holes 414, and then the accumulated materials in the drill hole are pushed away from the oscillation ring 41, which is beneficial to reducing the probability that the sundries affect the movement of the oscillation ring 41 and the outer pipe 1.

[0048] The working principle of a composite pulse type rock formation adaptive drilling system according to an embodiment of the present application is as follows: during the drilling process, the outer pipe 1 is supported by the impact ring 43 and the oscillation ring 41, thereby reducing the friction force generated between the outer pipe 1 and the inner wall of the drill hole. Since the diameter of the impact ring 43 is larger than the diameter of the outer pipe 1, the impact ring 43 contacts the inner wall of the drill hole prior to the outer pipe 1. When the impact ring 43 rubs against the inner wall of the drill hole, it undergoes relative displacement with the outer pipe 1 and moves away from the limit ring 44. During this process, the transmission shaft 3 drives the driving ring 45 to perform continuous reciprocating movement along the axial direction through the transmission ring 5. When the driving ring 45 moves, it drives the oscillation ring 41 to generate pulse oscillation, causing the oscillation ring 41 to impact the impact ring 43, thereby pushing the impact ring 43 towards the drilling part 2. The outer pipe 1 and the impact ring 43 advance alternately, thereby reducing the friction force received during the movement of the outer pipe 1, which is beneficial to improving the drilling efficiency.

[0049] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereby. Therefore, all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be covered within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A composite pulse type rock formation adaptive drilling system, comprising an outer pipe (1), one end of the outer pipe (1) is rotatably connected with a drilling part (2), and a transmission shaft (3) for driving the drilling part (2) to rotate is rotatably connected in the outer pipe (1), characterized in that, It further includes: A plurality of mounting rings (4), an oscillation ring (41) is sleeved outside the mounting ring (4), the oscillation ring (41) is slidably connected to the mounting ring (4) along the axial direction, one end of the mounting ring (4) close to the drilling part (2) is slidably connected along the axial direction with an impact ring (43) facing the oscillation ring (41), the outer diameter of the impact ring (43) is greater than the outer diameter of the outer pipe (1), a driving ring (45) is slidably connected to the inner side of the mounting ring (4) along the axial direction, a connecting rod (46) is fixedly connected to the outer circle of the driving ring (45), the connecting rod (46) passes through the mounting ring (4) and is fixedly connected to the oscillation ring (41), a transmission ring (5) is sleeved outside the transmission shaft (3), when the transmission shaft (3) rotates, it drives the transmission ring (5) to rotate, the transmission ring (5) is rotatably connected to the mounting ring (4), the driving ring (45) is located outside the transmission ring (5) and is coaxial with the transmission ring (5), a plurality of positive spiral plates (511) are fixedly connected to the outer circle of the transmission ring (5) along the circumferential direction, a guide post (451) is fixedly connected to the driving ring (45), an elastic member (47) is provided between the oscillation ring (41) and the mounting ring (4), in the natural state of the elastic member (47), the guide post (451) is located at one end of the positive spiral plate (511) away from the drilling part (2), when the positive spiral plate (511) rotates, it pushes the driving ring (45) to move through the guide post (451), so that the driving ring (45) drives the oscillation ring (41) to approach the impact ring (43), a limiting ring (44) is fixedly connected to one end of the mounting ring (4) close to the drilling part (2), when the impact ring (43) contacts the limiting ring (44), the oscillation ring (41) does not contact the impact ring (43), when the impact ring (43) disengages from the limiting ring (44), the oscillation ring (41) collides with the impact ring (43) during the movement.

2. The composite pulse type rock formation self-adaptive drilling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of reverse spiral plates (512) are further fixedly connected to the outer side of the transmission ring (5) along the circumferential direction, the spiral direction of the reverse spiral plates (512) is opposite to that of the positive spiral plates (511), and the reverse spiral plates (512) are arranged at intervals with the positive spiral plates (511), the minimum distance between the positive spiral plates (511) and the reverse spiral plates (512) is greater than the maximum diameter of the guide post (451), the reverse spiral plates (512) and the positive spiral plates (511) are arranged in a staggered manner, the end faces of the positive spiral plates (511) and the reverse spiral plates (512) for driving the guide post (451) to move are both set as contact surfaces, and after the guide post (451) disengages from the positive spiral plate (511), it is opposite to one end of the contact surface of the reverse spiral plate (512) close to the drilling part (2).

3. The composite pulse type rock formation adaptive drilling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gap between the transmission shaft (3) and the outer pipe (1) forms a water delivery channel, and the water delivery channel is used to deliver cooling water along the outer pipe (1) to the drilling part (2). A plurality of water spraying holes (414) are opened along the circumferential direction on the outer side of the oscillation ring (41), a water delivery hole (454) is opened in the driving ring (45), one end of the water delivery hole (454) is communicated with the water spraying hole (414), and the other end is communicated with the water delivery channel.

4. The composite pulse type rock formation self-adaptive drilling system according to claim 3, characterized in that: Both ends of the transmission ring (5) in the axial direction are fixedly connected with blocking rings (513), and two sealing rings (515) are sleeved outside the transmission ring (5). All positive spiral plates (511) are located between the two sealing rings (515). Both ends of the driving ring (45) in the axial direction are fixedly connected with piston rings (452). The piston rings (452) are located between the sealing rings (515) and the blocking rings (513). The gap between the piston rings (452) and the blocking rings (513) forms a first water storage cavity. The blocking ring (513) is axially provided with a first water inlet hole (514). The gap between the piston rings (452) and the sealing rings (515) forms a second water storage cavity. And the piston ring (452) is axially provided with a second water inlet hole (453). One-way valves (6) are arranged in both the first water inlet hole (514) and the second water inlet hole (453). The end of the water delivery hole (454) far from the water spraying hole (414) is communicated with the second water storage cavity.

5. The composite pulse type rock formation self-adaptive drilling system according to claim 3, characterized in that: A plurality of straight grooves (411) are axially formed on the outer surface of the oscillation ring (41). Connecting ribs (412) are left between adjacent straight grooves (411). A direct current cavity (413) is axially formed in all the connecting ribs (412). The water delivery hole (454) is communicated with the direct current cavity (413). All the water spraying holes (414) are located in the straight grooves (411) and are distributed on both sides of the connecting ribs (412) in the length direction. All the water spraying holes (414) on the same connecting rib (412) are communicated with the direct current cavity (413). And the end of the water spraying hole (414) far from the axis of the oscillation ring (41) is inclined away from the direct current cavity (413).

6. The composite pulse type rock formation adaptive drilling system according to claim 1, wherein: The drilling part (2) includes a hydraulic motor (21) and a drill bit (22). One end of the outer pipe (1) close to the drilling part (2) is rotatably connected with an installation pipe (11). One end of the transmission shaft (3) is fixedly connected with the installation pipe (11). The end of the installation pipe (11) far from the outer pipe (1) is fixedly connected with a deflection pipe (12). The axis of the deflection pipe (12) has a preset deflection angle with the axis of the installation pipe (11). The hydraulic motor (21) is installed in the deflection pipe (12). The drill bit (22) is rotatably connected to the end of the deflection pipe (12) far from the installation pipe (11) and is fixedly connected with the output end of the hydraulic motor (21).

7. The composite pulse type rock formation self-adaptive drilling system according to claim 1, wherein: The transmission shaft (3) includes a main steel cable (31) and a plurality of secondary steel cables (32) spirally arranged outside the main steel cable (31). Both the main steel cable (31) and the secondary steel cables (32) are flexible, and the gaps between adjacent secondary steel cables (32) form spiral grooves. The drive ring (45) includes a rotating tube (51) for installing the positive spiral plate (511) and a connecting tube (52). The connecting tube (52) is coaxially arranged inside the rotating tube (51), and a plurality of connecting plates (53) are fixedly connected between the connecting tube (52) and the rotating tube (51). The transmission shaft (3) passes through the connecting tube (52), and the main steel cable (31) is coaxial with the connecting tube (52). A plurality of extension blocks (521) adapted to the spiral grooves are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the connecting tube (52). The extension blocks (521) extend into the spiral grooves and abut against the secondary steel cables (32).

8. A composite pulse type rock formation self-adaptive drilling system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The elastic member (47) is sleeved outside the mounting ring (4). A retaining ring (48) is fixedly connected to one end of the mounting ring (4) away from the drilling part (2). The elastic member (47) is located between the retaining ring (48) and the oscillation ring (41). A shielding tube (42) is fixedly connected to one end of the oscillation ring (41) away from the drilling part (2). The shielding tube (42) and the mounting ring (4) cooperate to form an annular cavity for placing the elastic member (47). The DC cavity (413) and the water delivery hole (454) are communicated through the annular cavity. The outer diameter of the shielding tube (42) is smaller than the outer diameter of the oscillation ring (41).

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