Efficient hydrogenation system adopting photo-thermal power generation

Abstract

The invention discloses a photo-thermal power generation efficient hydrogenation system which comprises a photo-thermal unit, an SOEC electrolytic bath, a combustor, a water supply unit, a waste heat recovery unit, an ammonia hydrogen production unit and a hydrogenation unit. The photo-thermal unit converts solar energy into electric energy and stores the electric energy to drive the SOEC to electrolyze water to produce hydrogen; the ammonia hydrogen production unit realizes ammonia decomposition hydrogen production through an ammonia tank, an evaporator and a reactor, and the reactor adopts the design that an ammonia decomposition pipeline is attached to a heating gas pipeline for heat exchange. The hydrogenation unit purifies hydrogen through an adsorption device and conveys the hydrogen to the hydrogenation mechanism. The system is coupled with SOEC electrolysis and ammonia decomposition hydrogen production, and energy circulation is achieved through a combustor and a waste heat recovery unit. The device integrates photo-thermal and multi-path hydrogen production, optimizes energy utilization, adapts to different illumination conditions, meets the high-purity and large-flow hydrogenation requirements, and improves the efficiency and adaptability of the system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of hydrogen energy equipment, and particularly relates to an efficient hydrogen addition system and hydrogen addition process using solar thermal power generation. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of the hydrogen energy industry, as the core link of hydrogen energy infrastructure, the hydrogen production efficiency and energy utilization rate of hydrogen refueling stations have become key technical bottlenecks. Traditional electrolytic water hydrogen production technologies (such as alkaline electrolyzers or PEM electrolyzers) usually rely on grid power supply, with high energy consumption and being limited by the intermittency of renewable energy. Although solid oxide electrolytic cells (SOECs) have the advantages of high temperature and high efficiency, their operation requires continuous heat supply, resulting in a complex system and insufficient energy recovery. In addition, most existing hydrogen refueling stations adopt a single hydrogen production mode (such as electrolytic water or ammonia decomposition), and the synergistic effect of different hydrogen production technologies cannot be fully utilized, resulting in limited overall system efficiency; Concentrated solar power (CSP) technology can convert solar energy into stable heat energy and electrical energy, providing an ideal heat source and power support for high-temperature electrolytic hydrogen production. However, there are still the following problems in the coupling of current concentrated solar power and hydrogen production systems: (1) Insufficient cascade utilization of heat energy, and high-temperature waste heat is not effectively recovered; (2) Poor connection between hydrogen production and hydrogen storage links, and high energy consumption for hydrogen purification and compression; (3) Insufficient system dynamic regulation ability, and it is difficult to adapt to light fluctuations and load changes; (4) Large floor area of equipment, Summary of the Invention

[0003] Aiming at the defects in the prior art such as the single hydrogen production mode of hydrogen refueling stations, limited overall efficiency, insufficient recovery and utilization of heat gradient and high-temperature waste heat, and insufficient system dynamic regulation ability; an efficient hydrogen addition system using solar thermal power generation with high hydrogen production efficiency, low energy consumption, realizing multi-level utilization of energy through waste heat recovery, high overall system performance and sustainable operation is provided.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is: an efficient hydrogenation system using solar thermal power generation, including a solar thermal unit, an SOEC electrolyzer, a burner, a water supply unit, a waste heat recovery unit, an ammonia hydrogen production unit, and a hydrogenation unit; the solar thermal unit can convert solar energy into electric energy and store the electric energy, the solar thermal unit is electrically connected to the SOEC electrolyzer, the water supply unit is connected to the SOEC electrolyzer, and the cathode outlet of the SOEC is connected to the burner; the ammonia hydrogen production unit includes an ammonia tank, an evaporator, and a reactor, the ammonia tank is connected to the evaporator, and the evaporator is then connected to the reactor, the anode outlet of the SOEC electrolyzer is connected to the reactor or the burner; the reactor is provided with an ammonia decomposition pipeline and a heating gas pipeline that are mutually attached, and the ammonia decomposition pipeline is connected to the ammonia tank; the heat of the gas flowing in the heating gas pipeline can be transferred to the ammonia in the ammonia decomposition pipeline; the hydrogenation unit includes a first adsorption device and a hydrogenation mechanism, the first adsorption device is connected to the hydrogenation mechanism, the heating gas pipeline of the reactor is connected to the first adsorption device, the burner, or the waste heat recovery unit, and the ammonia decomposition pipeline of the reactor is connected to the first adsorption device or the burner; the components connected to the outlet of the heating gas pipeline and the components connected to the outlet of the ammonia decomposition pipeline are different; the gas discharged from the first adsorption device enters the hydrogenation mechanism; the burner is connected to the waste heat recovery unit, and the waste heat recovery unit is thermally connected to the solar thermal unit.

[0005] Further, the solar thermal unit includes a collector, a heat storage tank, a vaporizer, and a steam turbine, the collector is connected to the heat storage tank, the heat storage tank is connected to the vaporizer, the vaporizer is then directly connected to the steam turbine, and the steam turbine is electrically connected to the SOEC electrolyzer; the heat storage tank is composed of a separate hot tank and cold tank.

[0006] Further, the water supply unit includes a water tank and a water pump, the water pump is connected in series with the water tank, the water pump is connected to a first heat exchanger, the first heat exchanger is connected to the cathode outlet of the SOEC electrolyzer, and the first heat exchanger is also connected to the burner and the waste heat recovery unit; the waste heat recovery unit is then connected to the SOEC electrolyzer.

[0007] Further, the waste heat recovery unit includes a waste heat recovery power generation set, a second heat exchanger, and a lithium battery, the second heat exchanger is connected to the first heat exchanger and the burner, and the second heat exchanger is connected to the SOEC electrolyzer; the waste heat recovery power generation set is electrically connected to the lithium battery; the waste heat recovery power generation set is thermally connected to the solar thermal unit.

[0008] Further, the ammonia hydrogen production unit further includes a water cooler, the water cooler is connected to the evaporator, the outlet of the ammonia decomposition pipeline is connected to the evaporator, and the gas discharged from the ammonia decomposition pipeline flows through the evaporator and the water cooler in sequence; an ammonia decomposition catalyst is provided in the ammonia decomposition pipeline.

[0009] Further, the hydrogenation mechanism includes a compressor, a refrigerator, and a filling machine. The compressor is connected to the refrigerator, and the refrigerator is further connected to the filling machine. A first buffer tank is provided between the compressor and the refrigerator, and a second buffer tank is also provided between the compressor and the refrigerator; the compressor is connected to the first adsorption device.

[0010] Further, the waste heat recovery power generation unit is directly connected to the second heat exchanger. The anode outlet of the SOEC electrolyzer is connected to the heating gas pipeline of the reactor, and the outlet of the heating gas pipeline of the reactor is connected to the first adsorption device or the burner.

[0011] Further, the outlet of the heating gas pipeline is connected to the burner, the outlet of the ammonia decomposition pipeline is connected to the first adsorption device, and a second adsorption device is provided between the first adsorption device and the hydrogenation mechanism.

[0012] Further, the outlet of the heating gas pipeline is connected to the first adsorption device, and the outlet of the ammonia decomposition pipeline is connected to the burner.

[0013] Further, the waste heat recovery power generation unit is separately arranged from the second heat exchanger. The second heat exchange device is connected to the inlet of the heating gas pipeline of the reactor. The anode outlet of the SOEC electrolyzer is connected to the burner, and the outlet of the heating pipeline is connected to the waste heat recovery power generation unit; the ammonia decomposition pipeline is connected to the first adsorption device, and the first adsorption device is further connected to the hydrogenation mechanism, and a second adsorption device is provided between the first adsorption device and the hydrogenation mechanism.

[0014] An efficient hydrogenation system using solar thermal power generation according to the present invention provides two different hydrogen production processes by coupling an SOEC electrolyzer and an ammonia decomposition hydrogen production reactor, effectively utilizes external light energy, improves the energy utilization rate during the operation of the system and reduces the energy consumption during the operation of the system. It can also efficiently generate heat and supply it to the electrolyzed water or ammonia decomposition hydrogen production process when producing high-purity hydrogen, greatly improving the operation efficiency of the system; different connection methods can simultaneously meet the requirements for filling high-purity and large-volume hydrogen, and when the external light source is weak, it can also provide energy through its own gas recycling, simultaneously meet the requirements for filling large-volume hydrogen, improve the adaptability of the hydrogenation system to different energy conditions, and improve the hydrogenation efficiency and overall energy utilization rate of the system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for the specific embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0016] Figure 1Schematic diagram of a high-efficiency hydrogenation system using solar thermal power generation according to the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of another high-efficiency hydrogenation system using solar thermal power generation according to the present invention;

[0018] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of another high-efficiency hydrogenation system using solar thermal power generation according to the present invention. Detailed implementation manners

[0019] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0020] As Figures 1 to 3 shown, a high-efficiency hydrogenation system using solar thermal power generation according to the present invention includes a solar thermal unit 1, an SOEC electrolyzer 2, a burner 3, a water supply unit 4, a waste heat recovery unit 5, an ammonia hydrogen production unit 6, and a hydrogenation unit 7;

[0021] The solar thermal unit 1 can convert solar energy into electric energy and store the electric energy. The solar thermal unit 1 is electrically connected to the SOEC electrolyzer 2. The water supply unit 4 is connected to the SOEC electrolyzer 2. The cathode outlet of the SOEC is connected to the burner 3;

[0022] The ammonia hydrogen production unit 6 includes an ammonia tank 61, an evaporator 62, and a reactor 63. The ammonia tank 61 is connected to the evaporator 62, and the evaporator 62 is further connected to the reactor 63. The anode outlet of the SOEC electrolyzer 2 is connected to the reactor 63 or the burner 3; The reactor 63 is provided with an ammonia decomposition pipeline and a heating gas pipeline which are mutually attached. The ammonia decomposition pipeline is connected to the ammonia tank 61; The heat of the gas flowing in the heating gas pipeline can be transferred to the ammonia in the ammonia decomposition pipeline; The components connected to the outlet of the heating gas pipeline and the components connected to the outlet of the ammonia decomposition pipeline are different;

[0023] The hydrogenation unit 7 includes a first adsorption device 71 and a hydrogenation mechanism. The first adsorption device 71 is connected to the hydrogenation mechanism. The heating gas pipeline of the reactor 63 is connected to the first adsorption device 71, the burner 3, or the waste heat recovery unit 5. The ammonia decomposition pipeline of the reactor is connected to the first adsorption device 71 or the burner 3. The gas discharged from the first adsorption device 71 enters the hydrogenation mechanism. The burner 3 is connected to the waste heat recovery unit 5, and the waste heat recovery unit 5 is in thermal communication with the solar thermal unit 1.

[0024] In Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 , the solar thermal unit 1 includes a collector 11, a heat storage tank 12, a vaporizer 13, and a steam turbine 14. The collector 11 is interconnected with the heat storage tank 12. The heat storage tank 12 is interconnected with the vaporizer 13. The vaporizer is directly connected to the steam turbine 14. The collector 11 communicates with an external light source and can concentrate the heat of the external light source inside the collector 11 and transfer it to the heat transfer medium inside the collector 11, such as molten salt, gas, or other liquid media, to achieve heating of the heat transfer medium in the collector 11 and collection of external heat. The heat transfer medium in the collector 11 then flows into the heat storage tank 12. The heat storage tank 12 includes a hot tank and a cold tank arranged in parallel. The hot tank is connected to the collector 11 and the vaporizer 13. The cold tank is connected to the collector 11 and the vaporizer 13. The heated heat transfer medium discharged from the collector 11 enters the heat storage tank 12 for heat storage. After sufficient heat is stored in the heat storage tank 12, the heat-collected heat transfer medium is discharged from the heat storage tank 12 and introduced into the vaporizer 13 for further temperature increase and evaporation to raise the temperature of the heat transfer medium, forming a gas with a higher temperature. The vaporizer 13 is then connected to the steam turbine 14. The steam turbine 14 is electrically connected to the SOEC electrolyzer 2. The heated gas after vaporization enters the steam turbine 14 and drives the steam turbine 14 to operate. The steam turbine 14 generates electric current and supplies power to the SOEC electrolyzer 2.

[0025] The SOEC electrolyzer 2 is connected to the water supply unit 4. The water supply unit 4 includes a water tank 41 and a water pump 42. The water pump 42 is connected in series with the water tank 41. The water pump 42 can extract the liquid water in the water tank 41 and introduce it into the SOEC electrolyzer 2 for electrolysis. The SOEC electrolyzer 2 can electrolyze water to produce hydrogen and oxygen. Specifically, an oxidation reaction occurs at the cathode outlet of the SOEC electrolyzer 2 to generate oxygen, and a reduction reaction occurs at the anode outlet of the SOEC electrolyzer 2 to generate hydrogen. The cathode outlet of the SOEC electrolyzer 2 is connected to the first heat exchanger 8, and the water pump 42 is also connected to the first heat exchanger 8. The first heat exchanger 8 can exchange heat between the oxygen discharged from the cathode outlet and the liquid water extracted from the water pump 42, increase the temperature of the liquid water entering the SOEC electrolyzer 2, thereby improving the efficiency of the electrolysis reaction in the SOEC electrolyzer 2, reducing the energy consumption in the system, and increasing the recycling rate of energy in the system. The first heat exchanger 8 is also connected to the burner 3 and the waste heat recovery unit 5. The electrolytically generated oxygen after heat exchange in the first heat exchanger 8 enters the burner 3 for the combustion reaction in the burner 3 after being discharged from the first heat exchanger 8. The liquid water extracted from the water pump 42 after heat exchange in the first heat exchanger 8 enters the waste heat recovery unit 5 to further absorb heat. The waste heat recovery unit 5 is then connected to the SOEC electrolyzer 2. The liquid water after heat exchange in the first heat exchanger 8 enters the SOEC electrolyzer 2 for subsequent heating and electrolysis after being further heated by the waste heat recovery unit 5, greatly improving the energy recovery efficiency during the operation of the system and facilitating the electrolysis reaction of the SOEC electrolyzer 2.

[0026] Wherein, the waste heat recovery unit 5 includes a waste heat recovery power generation set 51, a second heat exchanger 52 and a lithium battery 53. The second heat exchanger 52 is connected to the first heat exchanger 8 and the burner 3. The second heat exchanger 52 exchanges heat between the liquid water introduced from the first heat exchanger 8 and the gas after combustion in the burner 3, further increasing the temperature of the introduced liquid water. The liquid water after further heating is discharged from the second heat exchanger 52 and enters the SOEC electrolyzer 2 for electrolysis, improving the electrolysis efficiency of the SOEC electrolyzer 2. The waste heat recovery power generation set 51 is electrically connected to the lithium battery 53, and the electric energy generated during the operation of the waste heat recovery power generation set 51 is stored in the lithium battery 53 for use by subsequent components. The waste heat recovery power generation set 51 is further connected to the vaporizer 13. The liquid generated after the waste heat recovery power generation set 51 generates electricity is discharged from the waste heat recovery power generation set 51 and enters the vaporizer 13, where it exchanges heat with the heated heat conduction medium introduced from the heat storage device 12, further increasing the heat of the gas. Subsequently, it enters the steam turbine 14 for power generation of the steam turbine 14. After evaporation heat exchange, the cooled heat conduction medium is discharged from the vaporizer 13 and flows back to the cold tank of the heat storage device 12 for storage, and part of the heat conduction medium flows back from the cold tank to the collector 11 for continuous heating. In this way, the circulation flow of the heat conduction medium among the collector 11, the heat storage device 12 and the vaporizer 13 and the cyclic transfer of heat are achieved, and the collection and storage of external sunlight heat are realized, reducing the energy consumption of the system. Preferably, the steam turbine 14 is thermally connected to the waste heat recovery power generation set 51, and the heat generated during the power generation process of the steam turbine 14 can be transferred to the waste heat recovery power generation set 51 to improve the power generation efficiency of the waste heat recovery power generation set 51 and the temperature of the liquid generated by power generation, improving the energy recovery rate in the system.

[0027] An evaporator 62 is provided between the ammonia tank 61 and the reactor 63. The evaporator 62 is respectively connected to the ammonia tank 61 and the reactor 63. The liquid ammonia discharged from the ammonia tank 61 first passes through the heating and evaporation of the evaporator 62 to form ammonia gas, and the evaporated ammonia gas enters the reactor 63 for ammonia decomposition reaction; the reactor 63 includes an ammonia decomposition pipeline and a heating gas pipeline. The ammonia decomposition pipeline and the heating gas pipeline are arranged in mutual contact. The gas in the heating gas pipeline can be transferred to the ammonia gas in the ammonia decomposition pipeline to heat the ammonia gas and provide heat for ammonia decomposition; the inlet of the ammonia decomposition pipeline is connected to the evaporator 62, and the outlet of the ammonia decomposition pipeline is also connected to the evaporator 62. The decomposed gas discharged from the ammonia decomposition pipeline enters the evaporator 62 and provides heat for the evaporation of the gas in the evaporator 62 to heat the liquid ammonia entering from the ammonia tank 61 and promote the endothermic evaporation of the liquid ammonia; the evaporator 62 is externally connected to a water cooler 64. The decomposed gas after evaporation in the evaporator 62 is discharged from the evaporator 62 and first enters the water cooler 64 for cooling to reduce the influence and damage of high temperature on the subsequent adsorption device.

[0028] The first adsorption device 71 includes at least two groups of different and parallel adsorption columns. Valves are arranged at the heads and tails of the two adsorption columns in the first adsorption device 71, and the two adsorption columns are connected head to tail through the valves. By adjusting the valves at different positions, the flow direction of the gas in each adsorption column can be realized; thus, the adsorption of the gas by the adsorption columns inside the first adsorption device 71 and the self-desorption are carried out synchronously, improving the operation efficiency of the system; the first adsorption device 71 is further connected to the hydrogenation mechanism.

[0029] The hydrogenation mechanism includes a compressor 73, a refrigerator 74 and a filling machine 75. The compressor 73 is connected to the refrigerator 74, and the refrigerator 74 is further connected to the filling machine 75. The compressor 73 is connected to the first adsorption device 71. The gas adsorbed by the first adsorption device 71 enters the compressor 73 for compression, then enters the refrigerator 74 for cooling and temperature reduction, and finally enters the filling machine 75 for hydrogen filling; wherein, in order to balance the pressure of the gas during the filling process, preferably, a first buffer tank 76 is arranged between the compressor 73 and the first adsorption device 71, and a second buffer tank 77 is arranged between the compressor 73 and the refrigerator 74. The first buffer tank 76 and the second buffer tank 77 are jointly used to balance and regulate the gas adsorbed by the first adsorption device 71, improving the stability during hydrogen filling.

[0030] As Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, during the daytime with strong sunlight, the collector 11 can absorb as much external heat as possible and use it to provide heat for the system. At this time, the heat collected in the system is mainly used for electrolytic hydrogen production in the SOEC electrolyzer 2. The waste heat recovery power generation unit 51 is directly connected to the second heat exchanger 52. The gas cooled by heat exchange in the second heat exchanger 52 enters the waste heat recovery power generation unit 51. The waste heat recovery power generation unit 51 can convert the heat of the gas after heat exchange from the second heat exchanger 52 into electric energy and store it, improving the electric energy reserve of the system during the daytime and the temperature of the liquid entering the vaporizer 13, which is beneficial to the gasification of the gas in the vaporizer 13 and the power generation efficiency of the subsequent steam turbine 14. The anode outlet of the SOEC electrolyzer 2 is connected to the heating gas pipeline of the reactor 63. The hydrogen generated by the reduction reaction during electrolysis at the anode outlet of the SOEC electrolyzer 2 is introduced into the reactor 63 and provides heat for the ammonia decomposition in the reactor 63. Specifically, the inlet of the heating gas pipeline of the reactor 63 is connected to the anode outlet of the SOEC electrolyzer 2, and the outlet of the heating gas pipeline of the reactor 63 is connected to the first adsorption device 71 or the burner 3. The mixed gas of hydrogen and water vapor discharged from the anode outlet of the SOEC electrolyzer 2 enters the heating gas pipeline and exchanges heat with the ammonia in the ammonia decomposition pipeline arranged in close contact with the heating gas pipeline, heating the ammonia therein, causing the ammonia to decompose into hydrogen and nitrogen. After heating the ammonia, the heated hydrogen and water vapor are discharged from the heating gas pipeline and enter the first adsorption device 71 or the burner 3 for hydrogen purification or combustion.

[0031] When the outlet of the heating gas pipeline is connected to the burner 3, as Figure 1As shown, the outlet of the ammonia decomposition pipeline is connected to the first adsorption device 51. At this time, the gas containing water vapor in the heating gas pipeline enters the burner 3 for combustion. Since only hydrogen and a small amount of unreacted water vapor are contained in the gas at this time, a large amount of heat can be generated during the combustion process, improving the combustion efficiency of the system. The gas decomposed in the ammonia decomposition pipeline, that is, the gas containing hydrogen, nitrogen and a small amount of ammonia, enters the first adsorption device 71. To purify the gas more effectively and improve the purity of the finally filled hydrogen, preferably, a second adsorption device 72 is arranged between the first adsorption device 71 and the hydrogen filling mechanism. The first adsorption device 71 is used to adsorb the residual ammonia in the mixed gas, and the second adsorption device 72 is used to adsorb the nitrogen in the mixed gas. After repeated adsorption by the first adsorption device 71 and the second adsorption device 72, hydrogen with a higher purity is obtained and used for the filling of the subsequent filling machine. Thus, it realizes the synchronous progress of the system combustion to provide heat for the liquid water of the SOEC electrolyzer, lithium battery charging and high-purity hydrogen filling, effectively improving the system operation efficiency. Compared with the electrolytic water hydrogen production process of the same volume, a larger volume of hydrogen can be obtained through ammonia decomposition, effectively increasing the hydrogen filling amount of the system.

[0032] When the outlet of the heating gas pipeline is connected to the first adsorption device 71, as Figure 2 shown, the outlet of the ammonia decomposition pipeline is connected to the burner 3. At this time, the gas containing water vapor in the heating gas pipeline enters the first adsorption device 71 to adsorb the water vapor. The purified hydrogen enters the hydrogen filling mechanism, and after compression and cooling, the hydrogen filling is completed. The decomposition gas generated by the decomposition of ammonia in the ammonia decomposition pipeline is used for the combustion of the burner 3 and provides heat for the system. Thus, it realizes the synchronous progress of the system combustion to provide heat for the liquid water of the SOEC electrolyzer, lithium battery charging and high-purity hydrogen filling, effectively improving the system operation efficiency. Since only hydrogen is generated during the electrolytic water process, hydrogen with a higher purity can be obtained after the adsorption of water vapor, reducing the system's demand for gas purification and energy consumption.

[0033] As Figure 3As shown, in the evening or at night when sunlight is weak, due to the low light intensity or lack of light at this time, the heat stored during the day in the heat storage tank of the heat accumulator 12 serves as the heat source for the vaporizer 13 and the steam turbine 14. At this time, the waste heat recovery power generation unit 51 is separately arranged from the second heat exchanger 52. The second heat exchange device 52 is connected to the inlet of the heating gas pipeline of the reactor 3. The anode outlet of the SOEC electrolyzer 2 is connected to the burner 3. The hydrogen gas generated at the anode outlet during the electrolysis of water by the SOEC electrolyzer directly enters the burner 3 for combustion. After combustion, it then enters the heating gas pipeline of the reactor 3 through the second heat exchanger 52. Since the external light intensity is weak and the heat is not high at this time, it is difficult to collect external heat for heating in the system. Therefore, the electrolysis efficiency of the SOEC electrolyzer 2 is lower than that during the day, so the heat generated during the electrolysis process of the SOEC electrolyzer 2 decreases. At this time, the hydrogen gas generated by electrolysis is burned by the burner 3 and then enters the reactor 3 for heating to compensate for the heat loss caused by the reduction of external heat, so that the ammonia gas in the reactor 63 can still absorb sufficient heat and decompose at night; compared with Figure 1 and Figure 2 in the system, the direct heat supply demand for ammonia decomposition to the SOEC electrolyzer is reduced; the outlet of the heating pipeline is connected to the waste heat recovery power generation unit 51; the heating gas after heating ammonia in the reactor 63 returns to the waste heat recovery power generation unit 51 after completing the heating of ammonia, compensates for the heat of the waste heat recovery power generation unit 51 and provides heat for the evaporation of the vaporizer 13, thereby increasing the heat of the gas entering the steam turbine 14 and ensuring the stable operation and power output of the steam turbine 14 to provide more electric energy for the electrolysis of the SOEC electrolyzer 2.

[0034] At this time, the ammonia decomposition pipeline in the reactor 63 is connected to the first adsorption device 71, and the first adsorption device 71 is further connected to the hydrogen addition mechanism. A second adsorption device 72 is arranged between the first adsorption device 71 and the hydrogen addition mechanism. After the mixed gas containing hydrogen and nitrogen obtained by decomposing ammonia gas passes through the adsorption of the first adsorption device 71 and the second adsorption device 72, high-purity hydrogen gas is obtained and used for refueling; the influence of the reduction of external energy on hydrogen production by electrolyzing water is reduced, so that the system can still produce high-purity hydrogen gas and be used for refueling under the condition of low external energy. Combining Figure 1 and Figure 2 the two system structures, the long-term stable operation of the system and the continuous refueling and production of high-purity hydrogen gas are realized.

[0035] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely examples given for clear illustration and not limitations on the implementation manners. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other different forms of changes or variations can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to enumerate all the implementation manners here. And the obvious changes or variations derived therefrom still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An efficient hydrogenation system using solar thermal power generation, comprising a solar thermal unit, an SOEC electrolyzer, a burner, a water supply unit, a waste heat recovery unit, an ammonia hydrogen production unit, and a hydrogenation unit; The solar thermal unit can convert solar energy into electric energy and store the electric energy. The solar thermal unit is electrically connected to the SOEC electrolyzer. The water supply unit is connected to the SOEC electrolyzer. The cathode outlet of the SOEC is connected to the burner; The ammonia hydrogen production unit includes an ammonia tank, an evaporator, and a reactor. The ammonia tank is connected to the evaporator, and the evaporator is further connected to the reactor. The anode outlet of the SOEC electrolyzer is connected to the reactor or the burner. The reactor is provided with an ammonia decomposition pipeline and a heating gas pipeline that are mutually attached. The ammonia decomposition pipeline is connected to the ammonia tank. The heat of the gas flowing in the heating gas pipeline can be transferred to the ammonia in the ammonia decomposition pipeline; The hydrogenation unit includes a first adsorption device and a hydrogenation mechanism. The first adsorption device is connected to the hydrogenation mechanism. The heating gas pipeline of the reactor is connected to the first adsorption device, the burner, or the waste heat recovery unit. The ammonia decomposition pipeline of the reactor is connected to the first adsorption device or the burner; The components connected to the outlet of the heating gas pipeline and the components connected to the outlet of the ammonia decomposition pipeline are different; The gas discharged from the first adsorption device enters the hydrogenation mechanism; The burner is connected to the waste heat recovery unit, and the waste heat recovery unit is thermally connected to the solar thermal unit.

2. The high-efficiency hydrogenation system using solar thermal power generation according to claim 1, wherein: The solar thermal unit includes a collector, a heat storage tank, a vaporizer, and a steam turbine. The collector is connected to the heat storage tank, the heat storage tank is connected to the vaporizer, the vaporizer is directly connected to the steam turbine, and the steam turbine is electrically connected to the SOEC electrolyzer; The heat storage tank is composed of a hot tank and a cold tank that are separately arranged.

3. The high-efficiency hydrogenation system using solar thermal power generation according to claim 1, wherein: It further includes a first heat exchanger. The water supply unit includes a water tank and a water pump. The water pump is connected in series with the water tank. The water pump is connected to the first heat exchanger. The first heat exchanger is connected to the cathode outlet of the SOEC electrolyzer. The first heat exchanger is also connected to the burner and the waste heat recovery unit; The waste heat recovery unit is further connected to the SOEC electrolyzer.

4. The highly efficient hydrogenation system using solar thermal power generation according to claim 3, characterized in that: The waste heat recovery unit includes a waste heat recovery power generation set, a second heat exchanger, and a lithium battery. The second heat exchanger is connected to the first heat exchanger and the burner. The second heat exchanger is connected to the SOEC electrolyzer; The waste heat recovery power generation set is electrically connected to the lithium battery; The waste heat recovery power generation set is thermally connected to the solar thermal unit.

5. The highly efficient hydrogenation system using solar thermal power generation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ammonia hydrogen production unit further includes a water cooler. The water cooler is connected to the evaporator. The outlet of the ammonia decomposition pipeline is connected to the evaporator. The gas discharged from the ammonia decomposition pipeline flows through the evaporator and the water cooler in sequence; An ammonia decomposition catalyst is provided in the ammonia decomposition pipeline.

6. The high-efficiency hydrogenation system using solar thermal power generation according to claim 1, wherein: The hydrogenation mechanism includes a compressor, a refrigerator, and a filling machine. The compressor is connected to the refrigerator, and the refrigerator is further connected to the filling machine. A first buffer tank is provided between the compressor and the refrigerator, and a second buffer tank is provided between the compressor and the refrigerator. The compressor is connected to the first adsorption device.

7. The highly efficient hydrogenation system using solar thermal power generation according to claim 4, wherein: The waste heat recovery power generation unit is directly connected to the second heat exchanger. The anode outlet of the SOEC electrolyzer is connected to the heating gas pipeline of the reactor, and the outlet of the heating gas pipeline of the reactor is connected to the first adsorption device or the burner.

8. An efficient hydrogenation system using solar thermal power generation according to claim 7, characterized in that: The outlet of the heating gas pipeline is connected to the burner, the outlet of the ammonia decomposition pipeline is connected to the first adsorption device, and a second adsorption device is provided between the first adsorption device and the hydrogenation mechanism.

9. An efficient hydrogenation system using solar thermal power generation according to claim 7, characterized in that: The outlet of the heating gas pipeline is connected to the first adsorption device, and the outlet of the ammonia decomposition pipeline is connected to the burner.

10. An efficient hydrogenation system using solar thermal power generation according to claim 4, characterized in that: The waste heat recovery power generation unit is separately arranged from the second heat exchanger. The second heat exchange device is connected to the inlet of the heating gas pipeline of the reactor. The anode outlet of the SOEC electrolyzer is connected to the burner, and the outlet of the heating pipeline is connected to the waste heat recovery power generation unit. The ammonia decomposition pipeline is connected to the first adsorption device, and the first adsorption device is further connected to the hydrogenation mechanism. A second adsorption device is provided between the first adsorption device and the hydrogenation mechanism.

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