Underwater clean automatic sampling system

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of underwater automatic sampling, and particularly relates to an underwater clean automatic sampling system which comprises an in-situ filtering and storing device, a rotary valve device, a first sea water pump, a flow meter, a pressing cover, a connecting rod and a mounting frame. A plurality of layers of in-situ filtering and storing devices with the same structure are stacked on the rotary valve device, a pressing cover is arranged above the in-situ filtering and storing device on the uppermost layer, the pressing cover is connected with the mounting frame through a connecting rod, and each layer of in-situ filtering and storing device is clamped and fixed. The automatic sampling system disclosed by the invention can be used for automatically switching and sampling in water layers with different depths, and the multi-layer in-situ filtering and storing device is provided with an independent water inlet, so that deep sea in-situ filtering and storing are realized; the influence of the change of environmental parameters such as temperature and pressure on the diversity of planktonic microflora and gene expression after the deep sea sample reaches the sea surface is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of underwater automatic sampling, and specifically relates to an underwater clean automatic sampling system. Background Art

[0002] Currently, the research and development of underwater in-situ automatic sampling systems for the collection and preservation of marine plankton and particulate matter has entered a new stage internationally; however, in China, the traditional sampling methods are still in use, mainly through CTD (conductivity-temperature-depth instrument) water samplers or in-situ large-volume pumps to collect samples. The biggest problems with traditional sampling methods are as follows: First, it is impossible to automatically switch sampling at different water depths; second, after collecting deep water samples to the surface layer, due to the impact of changes in temperature and pressure on the diversity of planktonic microbial communities and gene expression, it is impossible for us to better understand the key marine processes, changes in the marine environment, and the changes in the structure and function of the ecosystem; at the same time, traditional methods also have the disadvantages of consuming a large amount of ship time and high labor costs. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Aiming at the above problems existing in traditional sampling, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an underwater clean automatic sampling system. This underwater clean automatic sampling system not only realizes automatic switching of sampling at different water depths but also realizes in-situ filtration in the deep sea.

[0004] Another object of the present invention is to provide an underwater clean automatic sampling system. This underwater clean automatic sampling system automatically injects a biological sample fixative for sample preservation after in-situ filtration without adding a control mechanism, solving the impact of changes in environmental parameters such as temperature and pressure on the diversity of planktonic microbial communities and gene expression after deep-sea samples reach the sea surface.

[0005] The object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions: The present invention includes an in-situ filtration and preservation device, a rotary valve device, a first seawater pump, a flowmeter, a pressing cover, a connecting rod, and a mounting frame. The rotary valve device is fixed on the mounting frame, and multiple in-situ filtration and preservation devices with the same structure are stacked on the rotary valve device. A pressing cover is provided above the uppermost in-situ filtration and preservation device, and the pressing cover is connected to the mounting frame through a connecting rod to clamp and fix each layer of the in-situ filtration and preservation device. The in-situ filtration and preservation device includes a water inlet tray, a preservative cover, an upper cover of the filtration chamber, a filter membrane, a sand core, a water outlet tray, a water suction joint of the filter, and a check valve. The water inlet tray is hermetically connected to the water outlet tray, and both are internally hollow structures. The inner cavities of the water inlet tray and the water outlet tray are both structured with one side closed and the other side open. The inner cavity of the water outlet tray is a post-filtration chamber. A sand core is provided on the open side of the post-filtration chamber, and a filter membrane is placed on the sand core. A preservative cover is hermetically installed in the inner cavity of the water inlet tray. A upper cover of the filtration chamber is provided between the preservative cover and the filter membrane. The upper cover of the filtration chamber is hermetically clamped between the water inlet tray and the water outlet tray. The upper surface of the upper cover of the filtration chamber is hermetically abutted against the lower surface of the preservative cover, and the lower surface of the upper cover of the filtration chamber presses the filter membrane. The inner cavity of the water inlet tray is divided into a relatively independent preservative cavity and a pre-filtration chamber by the preservative cover and the upper cover of the filtration chamber. A preservative plugging cavity is provided on the upper cover of the filtration chamber, and a preservative plug is placed in the preservative plugging cavity. A preservative hole for communicating the preservative cavity and the preservative plugging cavity is provided on the preservative cover. The water inlet tray is respectively provided with a water inlet tray hole channel and a water inlet tray exhaust hole channel. The upper cover of the filtration chamber is respectively provided with a water inlet hole channel of the upper cover of the filtration chamber and a water outlet hole channel of the upper cover of the filtration chamber. One end of the water inlet hole channel of the upper cover of the filtration chamber is communicated with the pre-filtration chamber, and the other end is communicated with the preservative plugging cavity. One end of the water outlet hole channel of the upper cover of the filtration chamber is communicated with the preservative plugging cavity, and the other end is opened above the filter membrane. One end of the water suction joint of the filter is connected to the water inlet tray and is communicated with the pre-filtration chamber. A check valve that can only flow into the pre-filtration chamber is provided at the other end of the water suction joint of the filter. The water inlet tray and the water outlet tray are both provided with filter water passage holes. The number of filter water passage holes is one more than the number of in-situ filtration and preservation devices. The filter water passage holes in each layer of the in-situ filtration and preservation devices are communicated with each other to form a pipeline that is one more than the number of in-situ filtration and preservation devices. The water inlet tray exhaust hole channels in each layer of the in-situ filtration and preservation devices are all connected to the same pipeline. A water outlet hole channel is also provided on the water outlet tray. One end of the water outlet hole channel in each layer of the in-situ filtration and preservation devices is communicated with the post-filtration chamber of the same layer, and the other end of the water outlet hole channel in each layer of the in-situ filtration and preservation devices is communicated with the rest of the pipelines one by one. The rotary valve device includes a rotary valve cover, a valve core and a power source. The rotary valve cover is fixed on the mounting frame. The valve core is rotatably installed inside the rotary valve cover. The power source is sealed and installed on the rotary valve cover. The output end of the power source is connected to the valve core. The rotary valve cover is evenly provided with rotary valve cover water inlet holes that are the same in number as the pipelines and are connected one by one along the circumferential direction. The rotary valve cover is also provided with a water outlet passage joint. The valve core is respectively provided with a valve core water inlet hole and a valve core water outlet hole. One end of the valve core water inlet hole is connected to one end of the valve core water outlet hole through a valve core internal hole passage arranged inside the valve core. The other end of the valve core water outlet hole is connected to one end of the water outlet passage joint through a rotary valve cover water outlet passage arranged inside the rotary valve cover. The other end of the water outlet passage joint is connected with a water outlet pipe, and a first seawater pump and a flowmeter are respectively installed on the water outlet pipe.

[0006] Among them: The filter water passage is penetrated along the thickness direction of the water inlet disc and the water outlet disc. The tops of the filter water passages on the water inlet disc of the topmost in-situ filtration and preservation device are provided with plugs.

[0007] The water inlet disc hole passage and the water inlet disc exhaust hole passage are both arranged along the radial direction of the water inlet disc. One end of the water inlet disc hole passage is communicated with the preservative cavity. The other end of the water inlet disc hole passage opens to the side surface of the water inlet disc and is provided with a water inlet disc plug. One end of the water inlet disc exhaust hole passage is communicated with the preservative cavity. The other end of the water inlet disc exhaust hole passage is communicated with the filter water passage and opens to the side surface of the water inlet disc and is provided with an exhaust plug.

[0008] The upper surface of the preservative cover is an inclined surface that slopes from the edge to the middle. The preservative hole opens to the lowest part of the upper surface of the preservative cover and penetrates through the preservative cover.

[0009] The upper cover of the filter cavity is a disc-shaped structure with a protrusion in the middle. The preservative plugging cavity, the water inlet hole passage of the upper cover of the filter cavity and the water outlet hole passage of the upper cover of the filter cavity are respectively arranged on the protrusion. The water inlet hole passage of the upper cover of the filter cavity is arranged along the radial direction of the protrusion. The other end of the water inlet hole passage of the upper cover of the filter cavity is located below the preservative plugging. A plurality of water outlet hole passages of the upper cover of the filter cavity are evenly arranged along the circumferential direction on the periphery of the preservative plugging cavity. Each water outlet hole passage of the upper cover of the filter cavity is arranged along the thickness direction of the protrusion and penetrates through the protrusion. The upper end of the water outlet hole passage of the upper cover of the filter cavity is communicated with the preservative plugging cavity.

[0010] The water outlet disc hole passage is arranged along the radial direction of the water outlet disc. The other end of the water outlet disc hole passage is communicated with the filter through hole passage and then opens to the side surface of the water outlet disc and is provided with a water outlet disc plug.

[0011] The rotary valve cover is divided into a detachable upper rotary valve cover and a lower rotary valve cover. The lower rotary valve cover is fixed on the mounting frame. The valve core is rotatably installed in the space formed by the sealed connection of the upper rotary valve cover and the lower rotary valve cover. The power source is hermetically installed on the lower surface of the lower rotary valve cover. A plurality of rotary valve cover water inlet holes are evenly arranged along the circumferential direction on the upper rotary valve cover, and each of the rotary valve cover water inlet holes is communicated with the space where the valve core is installed; the number of the rotary valve cover water inlet holes is the same as the number of pipelines and they are communicated in one-to-one correspondence; the rotary valve cover water outlet channels and the water outlet channel connectors are both arranged on the upper rotary valve cover.

[0012] Each of the rotary valve cover water inlet holes is axially arranged on the upper rotary valve cover and penetrates through the upper rotary valve cover; the axial centerlines of each of the rotary valve cover water inlet holes are parallel to each other and parallel to the axial centerlines of the valve core, the upper rotary valve cover and the lower rotary valve cover, and the axial centerlines of the upper rotary valve cover, the valve core and the lower rotary valve cover are collinear.

[0013] The axial cross-section of the valve core is in a "cross" shape. The two ends of the vertical sides of the "cross" shape are respectively rotatably connected to the rotary valve cover through bearings. The output end of the power source is connected to the lower end of the vertical side of the "cross" shape. A valve core water outlet hole is opened at the upper end of the vertical side of the "cross" shape, and a valve core water inlet hole is opened on the horizontal side of the "cross" shape.

[0014] The internal hole channel of the valve core is in a "U" shape. The two ends of the opening of the "U" shape are respectively communicated with the valve core water inlet hole and the valve core water outlet hole. The bottom of the "U" shape is axially arranged along the valve core, and a valve core plug is hermetically installed on the corresponding hole end face of the bottom of the "U" shape.

[0015] The advantages and positive effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. The automatic sampling system of the present invention can automatically switch sampling at different depths of the water layer. The multi-layer in-situ filtration and preservation device is equipped with independent water inlets, realizing in-situ filtration and preservation in the deep sea, and solving the influence of the change of environmental parameters such as temperature and pressure on the diversity of planktonic microbial communities and gene expression after deep-sea samples reach the sea surface.

[0016] 2. The present invention has the advantages of compact structure, high reliability, convenient assembly and maintenance, etc., and realizes the automatic injection of biological sample fixative for sample preservation after the seawater filtration is completed without adding a control mechanism.

[0017] 3. The present invention realizes the sequential circulation of seawater (or other hydraulic fluids) through a plurality of rotary valve cover water inlet holes, and can be used for biochemical sampling of seawater at different depths, etc.

[0018] 4. The present invention has a wide application range and can be used within the full ocean depth range. Description of the Drawings

[0019] Figure 1Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention; Figure 2 Front view of the structure of the present invention; Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structural principle of the present invention; Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the overall structure of the in-situ filtration and preservation device of the present invention; Figure 5 One of the internal structure cross-sectional views of the in-situ filtration and preservation device of the present invention; Figure 6 Another internal structure cross-sectional view of the in-situ filtration and preservation device of the present invention; Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the structure of the upper cover of the filtration chamber in the in-situ filtration and preservation device of the present invention; Figure 8 Internal structure cross-sectional view of the rotary valve device of the present invention; Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the rotary valve device of the present invention; Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the valve core in the rotary valve device of the present invention; Wherein: 1 is the in-situ filtration and preservation device, 101 is the water inlet tray, 102 is the preservative cover, 103 is the upper cover of the filtration chamber, 104 is the filter membrane, 105 is the sand core, 106 is the water outlet tray, 107 is the filter water absorption joint, 108 is the one-way valve, 109 is the filter water absorption port fixing part, 110 is the O-ring A, 111 is the water inlet tray plug, 112 is the water outlet tray plug, 113 is the preservative plug, 114 is the anti-corrosion agent plugging cavity, 115 is the filter water passage, 116 is the water inlet tray hole passage, 117 is the water outlet tray hole passage, 118 is the water inlet hole passage of the upper cover of the filtration chamber, 119 is the water outlet hole passage of the upper cover of the filtration chamber, 120 is the screw, 121 is the preservative cavity, 122 is the preservative hole, 123 is the pre-filtration chamber, 124 is the exhaust plug, 125 is the water inlet tray exhaust hole passage, 126 is the post-filtration chamber; 2 is the rotary valve device, 201 is the rotary valve upper cover, 202 is the valve core, 203 is the rotary valve lower cover, 204 is the coupling, 205 is the stepping motor, 206 is the motor cover, 207 is the motor end cover, 208 is the through-hull connector, 209 is the O-ring B, 210 is the stepping motor fixing part, 211 is the bearing, 212 is the water inlet hole of the rotary valve cover, 213 is the water outlet hole passage joint, 214 is the valve core plug, 215 is the water inlet hole of the valve core, 216 is the water outlet hole of the valve core, 217 is the water outlet hole passage of the rotary valve cover, 218 is the internal hole passage of the valve core; 3. is the first seawater pump, 4 is the flowmeter, 5 is the pressing cover, 6 is the connecting rod, 7 is the mounting bracket. Detailed implementation method

[0020] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0021] As Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 shown, the present invention includes an in-situ filtration and preservation device 1, a rotary valve device 2, a first seawater pump 3, a flowmeter 4, a pressing cover 5, a connecting rod 6 and a mounting frame 7. The rotary valve device 2 is fixed on the mounting frame 7, and multiple in-situ filtration and preservation devices 1 with the same structure are stacked on the rotary valve device 2. A pressing cover 5 is provided above the uppermost in-situ filtration and preservation device 1. Multiple connecting rods 6 are connected along the circumferential direction of the outer edge of the pressing cover 5. The pressing cover 5 is connected to the mounting frame 7 through each connecting rod 6 to clamp and fix each layer of in-situ filtration and preservation devices 1.

[0022] As Figures 1 to 7As shown, the in-situ filtration and preservation device 1 of this embodiment includes a water inlet tray 101, an antiseptic cover 102, a filter chamber upper cover 103, a filter membrane 104, a sand core 105, a water outlet tray 106, a filter water suction joint 107, a check valve 108, and a filter water suction port fixing member 109. The water inlet tray 101 and the water outlet tray 106 are hermetically connected and both have a hollow internal structure. The inner cavities of the water inlet tray 101 and the water outlet tray 106 are both structured with one side closed and the other side open. The inner cavity of the water outlet tray 106 is a post-filtration chamber 126. A sand core 105 is provided on the open side of the post-filtration chamber 126, and a filter membrane 104 is placed on the sand core 105. An antiseptic cover 102 is hermetically installed in the inner cavity of the water inlet tray 101. A filter chamber upper cover 103 is provided between the antiseptic cover 102 and the filter membrane 104. The edge of the filter chamber upper cover 103 is hermetically clamped between the water inlet tray 101 and the water outlet tray 106. The upper surface of the filter chamber upper cover 103 is in sealing contact with the lower surface of the antiseptic cover 102, and the lower surface of the filter chamber upper cover 103 presses the filter membrane 104. The inner cavity of the water inlet tray 101 is divided into a relatively independent antiseptic chamber 121 and a pre-filtration chamber 123 by the antiseptic cover 102 and the filter chamber upper cover 103. An antiseptic plugging cavity 114 is formed on the filter chamber upper cover 103, and an antiseptic plug 113 is placed in the antiseptic plugging cavity 114. An antiseptic hole 122 for communicating the antiseptic chamber 121 and the antiseptic plugging cavity 114 is formed on the antiseptic cover 102. The water inlet tray 101 is respectively provided with a water inlet tray exhaust hole channel 125 and a water inlet tray hole channel 116 for injecting antiseptic or seawater into the antiseptic chamber 21. The filter chamber upper cover 103 is respectively provided with a filter chamber upper cover water inlet hole channel 118 and a filter chamber upper cover water outlet hole channel 119. One end of the filter chamber upper cover water inlet hole channel 118 communicates with the pre-filtration chamber 123, and the other end communicates with the antiseptic plugging cavity 114. One end of the filter chamber upper cover water outlet hole channel 119 communicates with the antiseptic plugging cavity 114, and the other end is opened above the filter membrane 104. One end of the filter water suction joint 107 is fastened to the water inlet tray 101 by a thread and communicates with the pre-filtration chamber 123. The other end of the filter water suction joint 107 is fastened with a filter water suction port fixing member 109 by a screw, and a check valve 108 that can only flow to the pre-filtration chamber 123 is installed between the filter water suction joint 107 and the filter water suction port fixing member 109. The water inlet tray 101 and the water outlet tray 106 are both provided with filter water passage holes 115. The number of filter water passage holes 115 is one more than the number of in-situ filtration and preservation devices 1. The filter water passage holes 115 in each layer of the in-situ filtration and preservation device 1 communicate with each other to form a pipeline that is one more than the number of in-situ filtration and preservation devices 1. The water inlet tray exhaust hole channels 125 in each layer of the in-situ filtration and preservation device 1 are all connected to the same pipeline;The water outlet tray 106 is also provided with a water outlet tray channel 117. One end of the water outlet tray channel 117 in each layer of the in-situ filtration and preservation device 1 is communicated with the filtered chamber 126 of the same layer, and the other end of the water outlet tray channel 117 in each layer of the in-situ filtration and preservation device 1 is communicated with the rest of the pipelines one by one.

[0023] In this embodiment, nine layers of in-situ filtration and preservation devices 1 are provided. The adjacent layers of in-situ filtration and preservation devices 1 are connected and positioned through positioning pins and positioning holes provided on the bottom surface of the water inlet tray 101 and the top surface of the water outlet tray 106. Ten filter water channels 115 are respectively opened on the water inlet tray 101 and the water outlet tray 106 in each layer of the in-situ filtration and preservation device 1. The filter water channels 115 are penetrated along the thickness direction of the water inlet tray 101 and the water outlet tray 106. The top ends of the respective filter water channels 15 on the water inlet tray 101 of the topmost layer of the in-situ filtration and preservation device 1 are provided with plugs. The ten filter water channels 115 on the water inlet tray 101 correspond to the ten filter water channels 115 on the water outlet tray 106 one by one. In this way, the filter water channels 115 in the nine layers of in-situ filtration and preservation devices 1 form ten connected pipelines. One of the ten pipelines is used to communicate with the preservative chamber 121 in each layer of the in-situ filtration and preservation device 1 through the water inlet tray exhaust channel 125, and the other nine pipelines correspond to the nine layers of in-situ filtration and preservation devices 1 and are used for the circulation of seawater in each layer of the in-situ filtration and preservation device 1; that is, among the ten pipelines, one is communicated with the water inlet tray exhaust channel 125 in each layer of the in-situ filtration and preservation device 1, and only one of the remaining nine is communicated with the inside of each layer of the in-situ filtration and preservation device 1. For example, the water outlet tray channel 117 of the first layer is communicated with the first pipeline, the water outlet tray channel 117 of the second layer is communicated with the second pipeline, the water outlet tray channel 117 of the third layer is communicated with the third pipeline, the water outlet tray channel 117 of the fourth layer is communicated with the fourth pipeline, the water outlet tray channel 117 of the fifth layer is communicated with the fifth pipeline, the water outlet tray channel 117 of the sixth layer is communicated with the sixth pipeline, the water outlet tray channel 117 of the seventh layer is communicated with the seventh pipeline, the water outlet tray channel 117 of the eighth layer is communicated with the eighth pipeline, the water outlet tray channel 117 of the ninth layer is communicated with the ninth pipeline, and the tenth pipeline is communicated with the preservative chamber 121 in the nine layers of in-situ filtration and protection devices 1 through the water inlet tray exhaust channels 125 of their respective layers.

[0024] The water inlet tray 101 and the water outlet tray 106 in this embodiment are both discs with the same diameter. The water inlet tray 101 and the water outlet tray 106 are concentrically installed, and are firmly connected by a plurality of screws 120 uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction, and an O-ring A110 is used for sealing on the connection surface.

[0025] The preservative cover 102 of this embodiment is fixed in the water inlet tray 101 by screws. The upper surface of the preservative cover 102 is an inclined plane that slopes from the edge to the middle. The preservative hole 122 is opened at the lowest point of the upper surface of the preservative cover 102 and penetrates through the preservative cover 102.

[0026] In this embodiment, a rabbet is provided on the open side of the inner cavity of the water inlet tray 101, and the edge of the upper cover 103 of the filter cavity is installed at the rabbet of the water inlet tray 101. The upper cover 103 of the filter cavity in this embodiment is a disc-shaped structure with a protrusion in the middle. The upper surface of the protrusion is sealed with the preservative cover 102 by an O-ring A110. The preservative plugging cavity 114, the water inlet channel 118 of the upper cover of the filter cavity, and the water outlet channel 119 of the upper cover of the filter cavity are respectively opened on the protrusion; the water inlet channel 118 of the upper cover of the filter cavity is opened along the radial direction of the protrusion, and the other end of the water inlet channel 118 of the upper cover of the filter cavity is located below the preservative plugging 113; a plurality of (two in this embodiment) water outlet channels 119 of the upper cover of the filter cavity are evenly provided along the circumferential direction on the periphery of the preservative plugging cavity 114. Each water outlet channel 119 of the upper cover of the filter cavity is opened along the thickness direction of the protrusion and penetrates through the protrusion. The upper end of the water outlet channel 119 of the upper cover of the filter cavity is communicated with the preservative plugging cavity 114.

[0027] The water inlet channel 116 and the water inlet exhaust channel 125 of this embodiment are both opened along the radial direction of the water inlet tray 1. One end of the water inlet channel 116 is communicated with the preservative cavity 121, and preservative or seawater can be injected into the preservative cavity 121 through the water inlet channel 116. The other end of the water inlet channel 116 is opened to the side of the water inlet tray 101 and is provided with a water inlet plugging 111. One end of the water inlet exhaust channel 125 is communicated with the preservative cavity 121, and the other end of the water inlet exhaust channel 125 is communicated with the filter water channel 115 and is opened to the side of the water inlet tray 101 and is provided with an exhaust plugging 124. The preservative in this embodiment can be RNAlater fixative.

[0028] The water outlet channel 117 of this embodiment is opened along the radial direction of the water outlet tray 106. The other end of the water outlet channel 117 is communicated with the filter water channel 115 and then opened to the side of the water outlet tray 106 and is provided with a water outlet plugging 112. The filtered seawater flows out through the filter water channel 115.

[0029] As Figures 1 to 10As shown in the figure, the rotary valve device 2 of this embodiment includes a rotary valve cover, a valve core 202, and a power source. The rotary valve cover is fixed on the mounting frame 7. The valve core 202 is rotatably installed inside the rotary valve cover. The power source is hermetically installed on the rotary valve cover, and the output end of the power source is connected to the valve core 202. The rotary valve cover is evenly provided with rotary valve cover water inlet holes 212 along the circumferential direction, the number of which is the same as that of the pipelines and they are connected one by one. The rotary valve cover is also provided with a water outlet hole channel joint 213. The valve core 202 is respectively provided with a valve core water inlet hole 215 and a valve core water outlet hole 216. One end of the valve core water inlet hole 215 is connected to one end of the valve core water outlet hole 216 through a valve core internal hole channel 218 arranged inside the valve core 202. The other end of the valve core water outlet hole 216 is connected to the water outlet hole channel joint 213 through a rotary valve cover water outlet hole channel 217 arranged inside the rotary valve cover. The other end of the water outlet hole channel joint 213 is connected with a water outlet pipe, and a first seawater pump 3 and a flowmeter 4 are sequentially connected to the water outlet pipe. The first seawater pump 3 and the flowmeter 4 can be fixed on the mounting frame 7.

[0030] The rotary valve cover of this embodiment is divided into a detachable rotary valve upper cover 201 and a rotary valve lower cover 203. Both the rotary valve upper cover 201 and the rotary valve lower cover 203 are disc-shaped and are provided with connecting ears, and are fastened and connected by screws at their respective connecting ears, and an O-ring B209 is provided on the joint surface; the rotary valve lower cover 203 is fixed on the mounting frame 7. The valve core 202 is rotatably installed inside the space formed by the sealed connection of the rotary valve upper cover 201 and the rotary valve lower cover 203. The axial cross-section of the valve core 202 in this embodiment is in the shape of a "plus" sign. The upper end of the vertical side of the "plus" sign is rotatably connected to the rotary valve upper cover 201 through a bearing 11 and is sealed by setting an O-ring B209. The valve core water outlet hole 216 is opened at the upper end of the vertical side of the "plus" sign; the lower end of the vertical side of the "plus" sign is rotatably connected to the rotary valve lower cover 203 through a bearing 11 and is sealed by setting an O-ring B209. The rotary valve upper cover 201 is evenly provided with a plurality of rotary valve cover water inlet holes 212 along the circumferential direction. Driven by the power source, the valve core 202 rotates, and the rotary valve cover water inlet holes 212 are sequentially connected to the valve core water inlet holes 215 on the valve core 202; the number of the rotary valve cover water inlet holes 212 in this embodiment is ten, which are correspondingly connected one by one with the ten pipelines in the in-situ filtration and preservation device 1. The position of the rotary valve cover water inlet hole 212 connected to the pipeline communicating with the water inlet tray exhaust hole channel 125 in each layer of the in-situ filtration and preservation device 1 is the reference position. The rotary valve cover water outlet hole channel 217 and the water outlet hole channel joint 213 are both arranged on the rotary valve upper cover 201. The axial direction of each rotary valve cover water inlet hole 212 is the same as the axial direction of the rotary valve upper cover 201 and penetrates through the rotary valve upper cover 201; the axial centerlines of each rotary valve cover water inlet hole 212 are parallel to each other and parallel to the axial centerlines of the valve core 202, the rotary valve upper cover 201, and the rotary valve lower cover 203. The axial centerlines of the rotary valve upper cover 201, the valve core 202, and the rotary valve lower cover 203 are collinear.

[0031] The spool 202 corresponding to the horizontal side of the "plus" shape is disc-shaped, and the spool water inlet hole 215 is opened on the horizontal side of the "plus" shape. The internal hole passage 218 of the spool in this embodiment is "U"-shaped. The two ends of the opening of the "U" shape are respectively communicated with the spool water inlet hole 215 and the spool water outlet hole 216. The bottom of the "U" shape is opened along the radial direction of the horizontal side of the "plus" shape, and a spool plug 214 is hermetically installed on the end face of the hole passage corresponding to the bottom of the "U" shape; in order to radially open the bottom hole passage of the "U" shape inside the spool 202, a hole needs to be radially opened on the side surface of the spool 202. After the bottom hole passage of the "U" shape is processed, the spool plug 214 and the O-ring B209 are installed at the opening on the side surface of the spool 2 to achieve sealing.

[0032] In this embodiment, sealing ring grooves are provided around the spool water inlet hole 215 and each rotary valve cover water inlet hole 212, and the O-ring B209 is accommodated in the sealing ring groove. The O-ring B209 around the spool water inlet hole 215 is used to achieve sealing when the spool water inlet hole 215 is communicated with the rotary valve cover water inlet hole 212, and the O-ring B209 around the rotary valve cover water inlet hole 212 is used for sealed connection with the filter.

[0033] The power source of this embodiment is a stepper motor 205. The output end of the stepper motor 205 is connected to the lower end of the vertical side of the "plus" shape of the spool 202 through a coupling 204; the stepper motor 205 is covered with a motor cover 206. The lower surface of the rotary valve lower cover 203 is hermetically fixed with a stepper motor fixing member 210. The stepper motor fixing member 210 is fixed on the lower surface of the rotary valve lower cover 203 by screws and sealed through the O-ring B209. The lower end of the vertical side of the "plus" shape of the spool 202, the coupling 204 and the output end of the stepper motor 205 are connected inside the stepper motor fixing member 210. The upper end of the motor cover 206 is fixed on the stepper motor fixing member 210 by screws and sealed through the O-ring B209. The lower end of the motor cover 206 is fixedly connected with a motor end cover 207 by screws and sealed through the O-ring B209. A feedthrough connector 208 is threadedly connected to the motor end cover 207 and sealed through the O-ring B209. The feedthrough connector 208 is respectively connected to the stepper motor 205 and an external control system to control the rotation of the stepper motor 205 through the external control system.

[0034] The working principle of the present invention is: When the underwater clean automatic sampling system of the present invention performs biological sampling, preservatives are pre-loaded, and when performing chemical sampling, deionized water is pre-loaded. First, each layer of the in-situ filtration and preservation device 1 is separately tilted at a set angle and immersed in preservatives or deionized water for pre-loading and air exhaust, and then the nine-layer in-situ filtration and preservation device 1 is assembled with the rotary valve device 2. The water inlet hole 212 of the rotary valve cover in the reference position on the rotary valve device 2 is communicated with the valve core water inlet hole 215, the inner hole channel 218 of the valve core, the valve core water outlet hole 216, the water outlet hole channel 217 of the rotary valve cover, and the water outlet hole channel joint 213. The air exhaust plug 124 is pulled out, and a second seawater pump is externally connected to the joint here through a plastic pipe. The externally connected second seawater pump is used to add deionized water or preservatives to the preservative cavity 121 in the nine-layer in-situ filtration and preservation device 1 for air exhaust again. After air exhaust, the air exhaust plug 124 is inserted at the joint.

[0035] When the sampling system reaches the underwater sampling depth, the stepping motor 205 drives the valve core 202 to rotate. The water outlet hole channel 117 of the first-layer in-situ filtration and preservation device 1 is communicated with the first rotary valve cover water inlet hole 212 through the first pipeline; the first seawater pump 3 operates, and the pre-loaded deionized water in the inner cavity of the first-layer in-situ filtration and preservation device 1 is pumped out, resulting in a decrease in the pressure in the inner cavity of the first-layer in-situ filtration and preservation device 1. At this time, the ambient seawater flows through the one-way valve 108 in the first-layer in-situ filtration and preservation device 1 to the pre-filtration chamber 123 in the water inlet tray 101, and then flows into the water inlet hole channel 118 of the upper cover of the filtration chamber. The seawater pressure lifts the preservative plug 113 to fit with the lower end of the preservative cover 102 and seals the preservative hole 122. Subsequently, the seawater sequentially flows out through the water outlet hole channel 119 of the upper cover of the filtration chamber, the filter membrane 104, the sand core 105, the water outlet hole channel 117, the filter water passage 115, the rotary valve cover water inlet hole 212, the valve core water inlet hole 215, the inner hole channel 218 of the valve core, the valve core water outlet hole 216, the water outlet hole channel 217 of the rotary valve cover, and the water outlet hole channel joint 213. When the flowmeter 4 detects the set volume of filtered seawater, the first seawater pump 3 stops working, that is, the seawater at the corresponding depth of the first-layer in-situ filtration and preservation device 1 is sampled. If it is biological sampling, the preservative plug 113 falls due to gravity, and the preservative at the upper end of the preservative cover 102 automatically falls and stays on the filter membrane 104 through the preservative hole 122 and the water outlet hole channel 119 of the upper cover of the filtration chamber because its density is greater than that of seawater, realizing the fixed preservation of the preservatives for the in-situ plankton and particulate matter samples filtered by the filter membrane 104.

[0036] When reaching the next sampling depth, the stepper motor 205 drives the valve core 202 to rotate again, so that the water outlet tray hole 117 of the second-layer in-situ filtration and preservation device 1 is communicated with the water inlet hole 212 of the second rotary valve cover through the second pipeline, and the seawater at the second depth is sampled according to the above operation. According to this operation, the automatic sampling system can sample the seawater at nine different depths, realizing the automatic switching sampling of the sampling system at different depth water layers.

Claims

1. An underwater clean automatic sampling system, characterized in that: The invention comprises an in-situ filtering and storage device (1), a rotary valve device (2), a first seawater pump (3), a flow meter (4), a clamping cover (5), a connecting rod (6) and a mounting frame (7), wherein the rotary valve device (2) is fixed on the mounting frame (7), multiple layers of in-situ filtering and storage devices (1) having the same structure are stacked on the rotary valve device (2), a clamping cover (5) is provided above the in-situ filtering and storage device (1) at the top layer, and the clamping cover (5) is connected to the mounting frame (7) via a connecting rod (6) to clamp and fix the in-situ filtering and storage devices (1) at each layer; The in-situ filtration and preservation device (1) includes a water inlet tray (101), a preservative cover (102), an upper cover of the filtration chamber (103), a filter membrane (104), a sand core (105), a water outlet tray (106), a water suction joint of the filter (107), and a check valve (108). The water inlet tray (101) is hermetically connected to the water outlet tray (106), and both are internally hollow structures. The inner cavities of the water inlet tray (101) and the water outlet tray (106) are both structures that are closed on one side and open on the other side. The inner cavity of the water outlet tray (106) is a post-filtration chamber (126). A sand core (105) is provided on the open side of the post-filtration chamber (126), and a filter membrane (104) is placed on the sand core (105). A preservative cover (102) is hermetically installed in the inner cavity of the water inlet tray (101). A upper cover of the filtration chamber (103) is provided between the preservative cover (102) and the filter membrane (104). The upper cover of the filtration chamber (103) is hermetically clamped between the water inlet tray (101) and the water outlet tray (106). The upper surface of the upper cover of the filtration chamber (103) is in sealed contact with the lower surface of the preservative cover (102), and the lower surface of the upper cover of the filtration chamber (103) presses the filter membrane (104). The inner cavity of the water inlet tray (101) is divided into a relatively independent preservative chamber (121) and a pre-filtration chamber (123) by the preservative cover (102) and the upper cover of the filtration chamber (103). A preservative plugging cavity (114) is formed on the upper cover of the filtration chamber (103), and a preservative plug (113) is placed in the preservative plugging cavity (114). A preservative hole (122) for communicating the preservative chamber (121) and the preservative plugging cavity (114) is formed on the preservative cover (102). A water inlet hole passage (116) and a water inlet exhaust hole passage (125) are respectively provided on the water inlet tray (101). A water inlet hole passage (118) and a water outlet hole passage (119) of the upper cover of the filtration chamber are respectively formed on the upper cover of the filtration chamber (103). One end of the water inlet hole passage (118) of the upper cover of the filtration chamber is communicated with the pre-filtration chamber (123), and the other end is communicated with the preservative plugging cavity (114). One end of the water outlet hole passage (119) of the upper cover of the filtration chamber is communicated with the preservative plugging cavity (114), and the other end is opened above the filter membrane (104). One end of the water suction joint of the filter (107) is connected to the water inlet tray (101) and is communicated with the pre-filtration chamber (123), and a check valve (108) that can only flow into the pre-filtration chamber (123) is provided at the other end of the water suction joint of the filter (107).The water inlet tray (101) and the water outlet tray (106) are both provided with filter water channels (115). The number of the filter water channels (115) is one more than the number of the in-situ filtration and preservation devices (1). The filter water channels (115) in each layer of the in-situ filtration and preservation devices (1) are communicated with each other to form pipelines that are one more than the number of the in-situ filtration and preservation devices (1). The water inlet tray exhaust channels (125) in each layer of the in-situ filtration and preservation devices (1) are all connected to the same pipeline. An outlet tray channel (117) is also provided on the water outlet tray (106). One end of the outlet tray channel (117) in each layer of the in-situ filtration and preservation devices (1) is communicated with the filtered chamber (126) of the same layer, and the other end of the outlet tray channel (117) in each layer of the in-situ filtration and preservation devices (1) is connected to the rest of the pipelines one by one; The rotary valve device (2) comprises a rotary valve cover, a valve core (202) and a power source, wherein the rotary valve cover is fixed on a mounting frame (7), the valve core (202) is rotatably mounted in the rotary valve cover, the power source is sealably mounted on the rotary valve cover, and the output end of the power source is connected to the valve core (202); the rotary valve cover is provided with rotary valve cover water inlet holes (212) which are the same in number as the pipelines and are connected one by one, and the rotary valve cover is also provided with a water outlet channel joint (213). 13), the valve core (202) is provided with a valve core water inlet hole (215) and a valve core water outlet hole (216), one end of the valve core water inlet hole (215) is connected to one end of the valve core water outlet hole (216) through a valve core internal hole (218) provided inside the valve core (202), and the other end of the valve core water outlet hole (216) is connected to one end of the water outlet hole joint (213) through a rotary valve cover water outlet hole (217) provided inside the rotary valve cover; The other end of the water outlet channel joint (213) is connected to a water outlet pipe, and a first seawater pump (3) and a flow meter (4) are respectively installed on the water outlet pipe.

2. The underwater clean automatic sampling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filter water passages (115) are opened through the water inlet tray (101) and the water outlet tray (106) in the thickness direction, and a plug is provided at the top end of each filter water passage (15) on the water inlet tray (101) in the topmost in-situ filtering and preservation device (1).

3. The underwater clean automatic sampling system according to claim 1, wherein: The water inlet pan channel (116) and the water inlet pan exhaust channel (125) are both opened along the radial direction of the water inlet pan (1); one end of the water inlet pan channel (116) is in communication with the preservative chamber (121), and the other end of the water inlet pan channel (116) is opened to the side of the water inlet pan (101) and is provided with a water inlet pan plug (111); one end of the water inlet pan exhaust channel (125) is in communication with the preservative chamber (121), and the other end of the water inlet pan exhaust channel (125) is in communication with the filter water channel (115), is opened to the side of the water inlet pan (101), and is provided with an exhaust plug (124).

4. The underwater clean automatic sampling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper surface of the preservative sealing cap (102) is an inclined surface that slopes from the edge to the middle, and the preservative hole (122) is opened to the lowest point of the upper surface of the preservative sealing cap (102) and penetrates the preservative sealing cap (102).

5. The underwater clean automatic sampling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper cover (103) of the filter chamber is a disc-shaped structure with a protrusion in the middle. The preservative plugging chamber (114), the water inlet channel (118) of the upper cover of the filter chamber, and the water outlet channel (119) of the upper cover of the filter chamber are respectively opened on the protrusion. The water inlet channel (118) of the upper cover of the filter chamber is opened along the radial direction of the protrusion, and the other end of the water inlet channel (118) of the upper cover of the filter chamber is located below the preservative plugging (113). A plurality of water outlet channels (119) of the upper cover of the filter chamber are evenly arranged along the circumferential direction on the periphery of the preservative plugging chamber (114). Each of the water outlet channels (119) of the upper cover of the filter chamber is opened along the thickness direction of the protrusion and penetrates the protrusion. The upper end of the water outlet channel (119) of the upper cover of the filter chamber is communicated with the preservative plugging chamber (114).

6. The underwater clean automatic sampling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water outlet channel (117) of the water outlet tray is opened along the radial direction of the water outlet tray (106). The other end of the water outlet channel (117) of the water outlet tray is communicated with the filter channel (115) and then opened to the side of the water outlet tray (106), and a water outlet tray plugging (112) is provided.

7. The underwater clean automatic sampling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotary valve cover is divided into a detachable upper cover (201) and a lower cover (203) of the rotary valve. The lower cover (203) of the rotary valve is fixed on the mounting frame (7). The valve core (202) is rotatably installed in the space formed by the sealing connection of the upper cover (201) and the lower cover (203) of the rotary valve. The power source is hermetically installed on the lower surface of the lower cover (203) of the rotary valve. A plurality of water inlet holes (212) of the rotary valve cover are evenly opened along the circumferential direction on the upper cover (201) of the rotary valve. Each of the water inlet holes (212) of the rotary valve cover is communicated with the space where the valve core (202) is installed. The number of the water inlet holes (212) of the rotary valve cover is the same as the number of pipelines and is connected in one-to-one correspondence. The water outlet channel (217) and the water outlet hole joint (213) of the rotary valve cover are both arranged on the upper cover (201) of the rotary valve.

8. The underwater clean automatic sampling system according to claim 1, wherein: Each of the water inlet holes (212) of the rotary valve cover is opened along the axial direction of the upper cover (201) of the rotary valve and penetrates the upper cover (201) of the rotary valve. The axial centerlines of each of the water inlet holes (212) of the rotary valve cover are parallel to each other and parallel to the axial centerlines of the valve core (202), the upper cover (201) of the rotary valve, and the lower cover (203) of the rotary valve. The axial centerlines of the upper cover (201) of the rotary valve, the valve core (202), and the lower cover (203) of the rotary valve are collinear.

9. The underwater clean automatic sampling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The axial cross-section of the valve core (202) is in the shape of a "plus" sign. The two ends of the vertical sides of the "plus" sign are respectively rotatably connected to the rotary valve cover through bearings. The output end of the power source is connected to the lower end of the vertical side of the "plus" sign. A valve core water outlet hole (216) is opened at the upper end of the vertical side of the "plus" sign. The valve core water inlet hole (215) is opened on the horizontal side of the "plus" sign.

10. The underwater clean automatic sampling system according to claim 1, wherein: The internal channel (218) of the valve core is in the shape of a "U". The two ends of the opening of the "U" are respectively communicated with the valve core water inlet hole (215) and the valve core water outlet hole (216). The bottom of the "U" is opened along the radial direction of the valve core (202), and a valve core plugging (214) is hermetically installed on the corresponding channel end face of the bottom of the "U".

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