Silicon carbide fiber wear resistance testing device and testing method

Abstract

The invention discloses a silicon carbide fiber wear resistance testing device and a testing method. The silicon carbide fiber wear resistance testing device comprises an unwinding mechanism, a grinding roller group, a guide ring group and a winding mechanism, wherein the grinding roller group comprises a first grinding roller group and a second grinding roller group, and the first grinding roller group, the guide ring group and the second grinding roller group are arranged in sequence; the guide ring group comprises a first-stage guide ring, a second-stage guide ring, a third-stage guide ring, a fourth-stage guide ring, a tension adjusting mechanism, a tension guide wheel and a balancing weight, the first-stage guide ring and the second-stage guide ring are obliquely arranged to form a guide-in ring group, and the fourth-stage guide ring and the third-stage guide ring are obliquely arranged to form a guide-out ring group; the leading-in ring set and the leading-out ring set are arranged in a front-back staggered mode in the vertical face direction. Compared with the prior art, through the special friction pair design of the grinding roller and the guide ring group, the tension grading control and the multi-section friction path simulation, the test cost is reduced, the detection efficiency is improved, and the real friction scene of the silicon carbide fiber weaving process is comprehensively adapted. The test method can accurately quantify the test of the wear resistance of the fiber.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of ceramic fiber weaving detection, and particularly to a wear resistance test device and test method for silicon carbide fibers. Background Art

[0002] Continuous silicon carbide fibers (SiCF), as high-performance ceramic fibers, are widely used as hot-end composite material reinforcements in fields such as aerospace and nuclear energy due to their high temperature resistance, high modulus, oxidation resistance, etc. However, during the processing of fiber weaving, knitting, etc., the repeated friction between the fibers and the reed, yarn guiding accessories, and between the fibers will cause single-filament breakage, hairiness, and splitting phenomena, seriously reducing the mechanical properties of the fibers and the quality of the fabric.

[0003] With the continuous expansion of the application scale of domestic silicon carbide fibers, scientifically and quantitatively characterizing the wear resistance of silicon carbide fiber tows can analyze the applicability of silicon carbide fibers to subsequent processing technologies such as weaving and winding, providing a scientific basis and guidance for the research, improvement, stable production of silicon carbide fibers and material selection by downstream users. By testing the wear resistance of fiber bundles, the applicability of silicon carbide fibers to the weaving process can be analyzed, providing a scientific basis and guidance for material selection by downstream users of silicon carbide fibers.

[0004] Currently, there is no relevant test for the wear resistance of high-performance fibers at home and abroad. Researchers usually refer to textile industry standards (such as FZ / T 50025-2014, FZ / T 50063-2023) for wear resistance testing, but these standards have significant limitations: 1. Mismatch in test principle: Most textile standards are designed for organic fibers, using uniform linear friction or low-angle wrap friction, while silicon carbide fibers need to withstand multi-directional friction and complex bending stresses in three-dimensional weaving; 2. Poor parameter adaptability: The elastic modulus of silicon carbide fibers (≥350 GPa) is much higher than that of organic fibers (≤100 GPa). The high modulus results in a large bending stiffness of the fibers. The friction speed set by existing standards is likely to cause brittle fracture and cannot simulate the low-speed and high-tension working conditions in actual weaving; 3. Mismatch in the roughness of friction pairs: The Mohs hardness of silicon carbide fibers reaches 9-9.5. Traditional grinding rollers (sandpaper or ordinary metals) have insufficient hardness, resulting in distorted wear rates, and there are no regulations on special friction pairs such as hard chromium-plated grinding rollers (HV≥900) and ceramic guide rings (roughness ≤0.4μm); 4. Defects in efficiency and accuracy: The test of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fibers takes nearly 1000 minutes per time, while silicon carbide fibers require a higher test frequency due to their high hardness. Existing methods are time-consuming and have a large data dispersion. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a dedicated test method that can simulate the real processing friction scenario of silicon carbide fibers and quantify their wear resistance.

[0005] In view of this, the inventors of this case conducted in-depth research, resulting in the generation of this case. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a wear resistance test standard and specification applicable to silicon carbide fibers, thereby improving the accuracy of wear resistance performance evaluation and product selection of silicon carbide fibers, as well as a wear resistance test device and test method for silicon carbide fibers.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: A wear resistance test device for silicon carbide fibers, comprising an unwinding mechanism, a friction pair and a winding mechanism. The friction pair includes a grinding roll group and a guide ring group. The grinding roll group includes a first grinding roll group and a second grinding roll group. The first grinding roll group is arranged between the unwinding mechanism and the input end of the wire guide ring group, and the second grinding roll group is arranged between the output end of the guide ring group and the winding mechanism; The guide ring group includes a first-stage guide ring, a second-stage guide ring, a third-stage guide ring, a fourth-stage guide ring and a tension adjusting mechanism. The first-stage guide ring and the second-stage guide ring are obliquely arranged to form an inlet ring group, and the fourth-stage guide ring and the third-stage guide ring are obliquely arranged to form an outlet ring group. The inlet ring group and the outlet ring group are arranged in a front-back dislocation along the vertical plane direction; The tension adjusting mechanism is arranged between the inlet ring group and the outlet ring group. The tension adjusting mechanism includes a tension guide wheel and a counterweight block. The counterweight block is detachably installed on the tension guide wheel, and the tension adjusting mechanism is graded and weighted according to the size of the fiber specification.

[0008] Further, the front-back dislocation distance between the first-stage guide ring and the fourth-stage guide ring is 10 mm to 20 mm, and the dislocation distance between the third-stage guide ring and the second-stage guide ring is 10 mm to 20 mm; The distance between the first-stage guide ring and the fourth-stage guide ring is 40 mm to 60 mm, and the distance between the third-stage guide ring and the second-stage guide ring is 40 mm to 60 mm; The distance between the first-stage guide ring and the second-stage guide ring is 120 mm to 140 mm, and the distance between the third-stage guide ring and the fourth-stage guide ring is 120 mm to 140 mm.

[0009] Further, the guiding ring group is arranged below the grinding roll group. The first grinding roll group includes a first grinding roll and a second grinding roll. The second grinding roll group includes a third grinding roll and a fourth grinding roll. The unwinding mechanism, the first grinding roll, the second grinding roll, and the guiding ring group are arranged in sequence. The guiding ring group, the third grinding roll, and the fourth grinding roll are arranged in sequence. An intersecting friction track is formed between each grinding roll.

[0010] Further, the roughness of each grinding roll of the grinding roll group is 0.7 - 0.9 μm, and the hardness is greater than HV900.

[0011] Further, the surface layer of each grinding roll of the grinding roll group is a hard chromium plating layer; The first-stage guiding ring, the fourth-stage guiding ring, the third-stage guiding ring, the second-stage guiding ring, and the tension guide wheel are all U-shaped ceramic guide wheels. The U-shaped ceramic guide wheel is provided with a U-shaped groove for the fiber to pass through. The roughness of the first-stage guiding ring, the second-stage guiding ring, the third-stage guiding ring, and the fourth-stage guiding ring is all ≤ 0.4 μm.

[0012] Further, the testing device is also provided with a video recorder and a timer.

[0013] Further, a plurality of groups of guiding ring groups are correspondingly arranged for one group of grinding roll groups, and the number of guiding ring groups is at least two groups.

[0014] A method for testing the wear resistance of silicon carbide fibers according to the present invention uses the testing device described above. The testing method includes the following steps: S1 Sample pretreatment: The fiber tow is balanced in an environment of (23 ± 2) °C and humidity (50 ± 10) % for 24 h to eliminate the influence of temperature and humidity on the sizing film performance of the fiber tow surface layer; S2 Sample loading and path setting: S2.1 Initial positioning: The starting end of the fiber tow is led out from the unwinding mechanism and sequentially passes through the first grinding roll group, the first-stage guiding ring, and the second-stage guiding ring; S2.2 Tension loading: After the fiber tow is pulled around the tension adjusting mechanism, it reversely passes through the third-stage guiding ring in sequence, and then passes through the fourth-stage guiding ring: The fiber segment between the first-stage guiding ring and the fourth-stage guiding ring and the fiber segment between the third-stage guiding ring and the fourth-stage guiding ring cross to form a certain wrap angle, and the wrap angle is 150 - 170°; S2.3 Rewinding and fixing: The fiber tow continues to pass through the second grinding roll group, and the end of the fiber tow is fixed to the rewinding mechanism; S3 Dynamic tension loading: Mount the appropriate counterweight according to the fiber specifications; S4 Cyclic Friction and Data Acquisition: Set the running speed and number of turns of the fiber tow. The running speed is 50 mm / min to 80 mm / min, and the number of forward and reverse reciprocating turns is 3 to 8 turns respectively; Run at the set speed. After the unwinding mechanism reverses the set number of turns, the winding mechanism rotates forward the set number of turns. Repeat the above reciprocating operation until the wire breaks, and record the wire break time after the wire breaks.

[0015] Further, after step S2 and before the first test in step S4, a basic test is first performed to determine the appropriate counterweight and rotational speed parameters; During the dynamic tension loading in step S3, hang a counterweight of matching weight on the tension pulley according to the fiber tow specifications. The gravity pulley is located directly below the tension pulley, and the tension pulley is hung on the fiber tow between the first grinding roller group and the second grinding roller group to apply tension to the fiber. The tension pulley is located between the fourth-stage guide ring and the third-stage guide ring.

[0016] Further, when the fiber tow is wound between the grinding roller groups, it is wound from below the first grinding roller to above the second grinding roller, then wound to the guide ring group, then wound to above the third grinding roller, and finally wound to below the fourth grinding roller; When the temperature of each grinding roller in the grinding roller group > 30 °C, pause the rotation of the grinding roller group until the temperature of each grinding roller in the grinding roller group cools down to room temperature.

[0017] After adopting the above technical solution, a silicon carbide fiber wear-resistant test device of the present invention has the following beneficial effects: A silicon carbide fiber wear-resistant test device of the present invention has a special friction pair design. The combination of grinding rollers + guide ring group is involved to accurately simulate the friction scenario of silicon carbide fiber processing. The tension adjustment mechanism can be graded and allocated according to the fiber specifications to ensure that the test conditions are consistent with the actual process. By setting multi-stage friction simulation, it realizes the reduction of test costs, the improvement of detection efficiency, and fully adapts to the real friction scenario of the silicon carbide fiber weaving process.

[0018] After adopting the above technical solution, for a method for testing the wear resistance of silicon carbide fibers according to the present invention, first, a special wear resistance testing device for silicon carbide fibers is constructed, which combines multi-segment hard chromium-plated grinding rollers and ceramic guide rings to simulate the friction scenarios between fibers-fibers and fibers-components during the weaving process; secondly, the tension is precisely controlled by counterweights, and combined with the optimization of the dynamic friction angle and speed, it is ensured that the test conditions are consistent with the actual processing conditions of the fibers; finally, taking the time when the fibers are completely worn out as a quantitative index, combined with a timer or a video recording system, efficient acquisition and standardized comparison of test results are achieved. Through the above innovations, the present invention can not only scientifically evaluate the wear resistance of silicon carbide fibers, but also provide data basis for optimizing the sizing process (such as regulating the epoxy resin content) and improving the weaving parameters (such as tension, machine speed), thereby improving the quality stability and production efficiency of fiber products and promoting their large-scale application in strategic fields such as aerospace and defense equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 is a schematic structural view (front view angle) of the testing device of the present invention; Figure 2 is a left side view of the four guide rings of the present invention; Figure 3 is a schematic structural view of the guide ring group of the present invention.

[0020] In the figure: Unwinding mechanism 1; guide ring group 2; first-stage guide ring 21; second-stage guide ring 22; third-stage guide ring 23; fourth-stage guide ring 24; tension guide wheel 25; counterweight 26; first grinding roller 3; second grinding roller 4; third grinding roller 5; fourth grinding roller 6; winding mechanism 7. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0021] I. Preparation A wear resistance testing device for silicon carbide fibers according to the present invention, as Figures 1 to 3 shown, includes an unwinding mechanism 1, a friction pair and a winding mechanism 7. The friction pair includes a grinding roller group and a guide ring group 2. The grinding roller group includes a first grinding roller group and a second grinding roller group. The first grinding roller group is arranged between the unwinding mechanism 1 and the input end of the wire guide ring group, and the second grinding roller group is arranged between the output end of the guide ring group and the winding mechanism 7, forming multiple friction paths in an alternating manner; The guide ring group includes a first-stage guide ring 21, a second-stage guide ring 22, a third-stage guide ring 23, a fourth-stage guide ring 24 and a tension adjusting mechanism. The first-stage guide ring 21 and the second-stage guide ring 22 are obliquely arranged in the vertical direction to form an inlet ring group. The third-stage guide ring 23 and the fourth-stage guide ring 24 are obliquely arranged in the vertical direction to form an outlet ring group. The inlet ring group and the outlet ring group are arranged in a front-back dislocation manner along the vertical plane direction; specifically, takingFigure 1 The shown orientation is the reference orientation. The first-stage guide ring 21 is located at the upper left position, the second-stage guide ring 22 is located at the lower right position, the third-stage guide ring 23 is located at the lower left position, and the fourth-stage guide ring 22 is located at the upper right position.

[0022] In this way, a wrap angle friction (such as 150 - 170° etc.) is formed between the fiber segments between the first-stage guide ring 21 and the second guide ring 22, and between the fiber segments between the third-stage guide ring 23 and the fourth-stage guide ring 24. In the fiber abrasion resistance test, the fiber-to-fiber wrap angle refers to the central angle corresponding to the contact arc formed at the intersection of two fibers when they come into contact and rub against each other. This angle is jointly determined by the geometric path of the fiber cross-winding, the applied tension, and the friction trajectory, and is a core parameter for simulating fiber friction damage (such as splitting and fuzzing) during the fiber weaving process.

[0023] The tension adjusting mechanism is arranged between the inlet ring group and the outlet ring group.

[0024] For a silicon carbide fiber abrasion resistance test device of the present invention, a special friction pair is designed, with the design of combining the grinding roller and the guide ring group, multiple stages of friction are set, and the friction scenario during the processing of silicon carbide fibers is accurately simulated. The tension adjusting mechanism can be graded and adjusted according to the fiber specifications to ensure that the test conditions are consistent with the actual process. The larger the fiber specification, the proportionally increased counterweight, and the smaller the fiber specification, the proportionally decreased counterweight. The present invention realizes reducing the test cost, improving the detection efficiency, and fully adapting to the real friction scenario of the silicon carbide fiber weaving process.

[0025] As a preferred embodiment, the front-back dislocation distance between the first-stage guide ring 21 and the fourth-stage guide ring 24 is 10 mm - 20 mm, and the dislocation distance between the second-stage guide ring 22 and the third-stage guide ring 23 is 10 mm - 20 mm.

[0026] The distance between the first-stage guide ring 21 and the fourth-stage guide ring 24 is 40 mm - 60 mm, and the distance between the third-stage guide ring 23 and the second-stage guide ring 22 is 40 mm - 60 mm.

[0027] The distance between the first-stage guide ring 21 and the second-stage guide ring 22 is 120 mm - 140 mm; the distance between the third-stage guide ring 23 and the fourth-stage guide ring 24 is 120 mm - 140 mm; Specifically, the first-stage guide ring 21 and the fourth-stage guide ring 24 are horizontally arranged.

[0028] The third-stage guide ring 23 and the second-stage guide ring 22 are horizontally arranged.

[0029] In this way, the included angle formed by the intersection of the fibers between the first-stage guide ring 21 and the second-stage guide ring 22 and the fibers between the third-stage guide ring 23 and the fourth-stage guide ring 24 is about 150° to 170°.

[0030] As a preferred embodiment, the guide ring group 2 is arranged below the roller group. The first roller group includes a first roller 3 and a second roller 4, and the second roller group includes a third roller 5 and a fourth roller 6. The unwinding mechanism 1, the first roller 3, the second roller 4, and the guide ring group 2 are arranged in sequence, and the guide ring group 2, the third roller 5, and the fourth roller 6 are arranged in sequence. The first roller 3, the second roller 4, the third roller 5, and the fourth roller 6 are arranged at intervals along the same horizontal line, and staggered friction tracks are formed between the rollers. In this way, the damage mechanism with 80% multi-directional friction in three-dimensional braiding can be restored.

[0031] The roughness of the first roller 3, the second roller 4, the third roller 5, and the fourth roller 6 is 0.7 - 0.9 um, and the hardness is greater than HV900. In this way, the friction scenario of silicon carbide fiber processing can be simulated more accurately.

[0032] Furthermore, the surface layer of each roller in the roller group is a hard chromium plating layer, that is, the roughness of the hard chromium plating layer is 0.7 - 0.9 um.

[0033] As a preferred embodiment, the tension adjusting mechanism includes a tension guide wheel 25 and a counterweight 26, and the counterweight 26 is detachably mounted on the tension guide wheel 25. In this way, dynamic tension control is achieved, and the counterweights are graded according to the fiber specifications to ensure that the test conditions are consistent with the actual process. Different counterweights 26 are used for 0.5K fibers and 1K fibers.

[0034] The first-stage guide ring 21, the second-stage guide ring 22, the third-stage guide ring 23, the fourth-stage guide ring 24, and the tension guide wheel 25 are all U-shaped ceramic guide wheels, and the U-shaped ceramic guide wheels are provided with U-shaped grooves for the fibers to pass through. The roughness of the first-stage guide ring 21, the second-stage guide ring 22, the third-stage guide ring 23, and the fourth-stage guide ring 24 is all ≤ 0.4 μm.

[0035] As a preferred embodiment, multiple groups of guide ring groups 2 are correspondingly arranged for one group of roller groups, and the number of guide ring groups 2 is at least two groups. In this way, multi-channel parallel testing can be achieved, and the efficiency is high.

[0036] A method for testing the wear resistance of silicon carbide fibers according to the present invention uses the above test device and includes the following steps: S1. Sample pretreatment: The fiber tow is balanced in an environment of (23 ± 2) °C and humidity (50 ± 10) % for 24 h to eliminate the influence of temperature and humidity on the film properties.

[0037] S2. Sample Loading and Path Setting: S2.1 (Initial Positioning): Lead out the starting end of the fiber from the unwinding mechanism 1 and thread it through in the following order: The first grinding roller group (hard chromium plated grinding roller group): below the first grinding roller 3 from the left → above the second grinding roller 4; The guide ring group: successively pass through the first-stage guide ring 21 → the second-stage guide ring 22; S2.2 (Tension Loading): After pulling the fiber around the tension guide pulley 25, thread it back into the guide ring group in the reverse direction: The third-stage guide ring 23 → the fourth-stage guide ring 24; S2.3 (Rewinding and Fixing): The fiber continues to pass through the second grinding roller group (i.e., the hard chromium plated grinding roller group): above the third grinding roller 5 from the left → below the fourth grinding roller 6; The end of the fiber is fixed to the winding mechanism 7.

[0038] Furthermore, start the device to rotate forward (clockwise) 20 turns; cut off the excess fiber and fix the end back to the unwinding mechanism 1.

[0039] S3. Dynamic Tension Loading: Mount counterweights according to the fiber specifications (0.5K / 1K) (e.g., for 1K fiber, 600g counterweight corresponds to a machine speed of 30r / min).

[0040] S4. Cyclic Friction and Data Acquisition: Run at a speed of 60mm / min. After the unwinding mechanism 1 rotates in reverse (counterclockwise) 5 turns, the winding mechanism 7 rotates forward (clockwise) 5 turns. Repeat the above reciprocating operation until the wire breaks, and record the wire break time after the wire breaks. If the temperature of the grinding roller > 30°C, pause and cool it to room temperature to avoid data deviation caused by heat accumulation.

[0041] Preferably, before step S4 is tested for the first time and after step S2, a basic test is first carried out to determine appropriate counterweight and rotational speed parameters; Furthermore, for the winding device, add the realization of channel parallel testing, and the fiber is synchronously fixed on the unwinding mechanism 1 and the winding mechanism 7.

[0042] A wear resistance test method for silicon carbide fibers. First, a special wear resistance test device for silicon carbide fibers is constructed, which combines multiple segments of hard chromium plated grinding rollers and ceramic guide rings to simulate the friction scenarios between fiber-fiber and fiber-machine parts during the weaving process. Second, the tension is precisely controlled through counterweights, and combined with the optimization of the dynamic friction angle and speed, it is ensured that the test conditions are consistent with the actual processing conditions of the fibers. Finally, taking the complete fiber breakage time as a quantitative index, combined with a timer or a video recording system, efficient acquisition and standardized comparison of test results are achieved. Through the above innovations, the present invention can not only scientifically evaluate the wear resistance of silicon carbide fibers, but also provide data basis for optimizing the sizing process (such as regulating the epoxy resin content) and improving the weaving parameters (such as tension, machine speed), thereby improving the quality stability and production efficiency of fiber products and promoting their large-scale application in strategic fields such as aerospace and defense equipment.

[0043] II. Test Case 1 Continuous silicon carbide fiber sample 1, rotational speed: 30 r / min, tow tensile strength 4044 MPa, tow tensile modulus 368 GPa, tow sizing rate 1.81%; The test results are as shown in Table 1 below

[0044] Case 2 Continuous silicon carbide fiber sample 2, counterweight 400 g, tow tensile strength 3236 MPa, tow tensile modulus 285 GPa, tow sizing rate 2.29%; The test results are as shown in Table 2 below

[0045] As can be seen from Table 1 and Table 2 above, with the increase of the counterweight, the dispersion within the batch gradually decreases and the results tend to be stable; while with the increase of the rotational speed, the dispersion within the batch shows an upward trend. Therefore, when conducting the first test, it is necessary to first conduct a basic test to determine appropriate counterweight and rotational speed parameters, laying a solid foundation for subsequent batch stability tests.

[0046] The above embodiments and drawings do not limit the product form and style of the present invention. Any appropriate changes or modifications made by those of ordinary skill in the art shall be regarded as not departing from the patent scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A wear-resistant test device for silicon carbide fibers, characterized in that: It includes an unwinding mechanism, a friction pair, and a winding mechanism. The friction pair includes a grinding roll group and a guiding ring group. The grinding roll group includes a first grinding roll group and a second grinding roll group. The first grinding roll group is arranged between the unwinding mechanism and the input end of the guiding ring group, and the second grinding roll group is arranged between the output end of the guiding ring group and the winding mechanism; The guiding ring group includes a first-stage guiding ring, a second-stage guiding ring, a third-stage guiding ring, a fourth-stage guiding ring, and a tension adjusting mechanism. The first-stage guiding ring and the second-stage guiding ring are obliquely arranged to form an inlet ring group. The fourth-stage guiding ring and the third-stage guiding ring are obliquely arranged to form an outlet ring group. The inlet ring group and the outlet ring group are arranged in a front-back offset manner along the vertical plane direction; The tension adjusting mechanism is arranged between the inlet ring group and the outlet ring group, The tension adjusting mechanism includes a tension guide wheel and a counterweight. The counterweight is detachably installed on the tension guide wheel, and the tension adjusting mechanism is graded and weighted according to the size of the fiber specification.

2. The silicon carbide fiber wear-resistant testing device according to claim 1, wherein: The front-back offset distance between the first-stage guiding ring and the fourth-stage guiding ring is 10 mm to 20 mm, and the offset distance between the third-stage guiding ring and the second-stage guiding ring is 10 mm to 20 mm; The distance between the first-stage guiding ring and the fourth-stage guiding ring is 40 mm to 60 mm, and the distance between the third-stage guiding ring and the second-stage guiding ring is 40 mm to 60 mm; The distance between the first-stage guiding ring and the second-stage guiding ring is 120 mm to 140 mm, and the distance between the third-stage guiding ring and the fourth-stage guiding ring is 120 mm to 140 mm.

3. The wear-resistant test device for silicon carbide fibers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guiding ring group is arranged below the grinding roll group. The first grinding roll group includes a first grinding roll and a second grinding roll. The second grinding roll group includes a third grinding roll and a fourth grinding roll. The unwinding mechanism, the first grinding roll, the second grinding roll, and the guiding ring group are arranged in sequence. The guiding ring group, the third grinding roll, and the fourth grinding roll are arranged in sequence. An alternating friction track is formed between each grinding roll.

4. The wear-resistant testing device for silicon carbide fibers according to claim 1, wherein: The roughness of each grinding roll of the grinding roll group is 0.7 to 0.9 μm, and the hardness is greater than HV900.

5. The wear-resistant testing device for silicon carbide fibers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface layer of each grinding roll of the grinding roll group is a hard chromium plating layer; the first-stage guiding ring, the fourth-stage guiding ring, the third-stage guiding ring, the second-stage guiding ring, and the tension guide wheel are all U-shaped ceramic guide wheels. The U-shaped ceramic guide wheels are provided with U-shaped grooves for the fibers to pass through. The roughness of the first-stage guiding ring, the second-stage guiding ring, the third-stage guiding ring, and the fourth-stage guiding ring is ≤0.4 μm.

6. The wear-resistant testing device for silicon carbide fibers according to claim 1, wherein: The testing device is also provided with a video recorder and a timer.

7. The wear resistance testing device for silicon carbide fibers according to claim 1, characterized in that: One group of the grinding roll group corresponds to multiple groups of guiding ring groups, and the number of guiding ring groups is at least two groups.

8. A wear resistance test method for silicon carbide fibers according to the present invention is characterized in that: Using the testing device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, the testing method includes the following steps: S1 Sample pretreatment: The fiber tow is balanced in an environment of 23 ± 2°C and a humidity of 50 ± 10% for 24 h to eliminate the influence of temperature and humidity on the sizing film performance of the fiber tow surface layer; S2 Sample loading and path setting: S2.1 Initial positioning: Leading the starting end of the fiber tow out from the unwinding mechanism and passing through the first grinding roller group, the first-stage guide ring and the second-stage guide ring in sequence; S2.2 Tension loading: After the drawn fiber tow passes around the tension adjustment mechanism, it passes through the third-stage guide ring in reverse order, and then passes through the fourth-stage guide ring: the fiber segment between the first-stage guide ring and the fourth-stage guide ring intersects with the fiber segment between the third-stage guide ring and the fourth-stage guide ring to form a certain wrap angle, which is 150°~170°; S2.3 Rolling and fixing: The fiber bundle continues to pass through the second grinding roller group, and the end of the fiber bundle is fixed to the winding mechanism; S3 dynamic tension loading: Mount appropriate counterweights according to fiber specifications; S4 Cyclic Friction and Data Collection: Set the running speed and number of turns of the fiber tow. The running speed is 50mm / min~80mm / min, and the number of forward and reverse reciprocating turns is 3~8 turns respectively; Run at the set speed. After the unwinding mechanism reverses the set number of turns, the rewinding mechanism rotates forward the set number of turns. Repeat the above reciprocating operation until the wire breaks. After the wire breaks, the wire breaking time is recorded.

9. A method for testing the wear resistance of silicon carbide fibers as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that: After step S2 and before the first test in step S4, a basic test is performed to determine appropriate weight and rotation speed parameters; Step S3: During dynamic tension loading, a counterweight block of matching weight is hung on the tension guide wheel according to the specifications of the fiber bundle, the gravity wheel is located directly below the tension guide wheel, and the tension guide wheel is hung on the fiber bundle between the first grinding roller group and the second grinding roller group to apply tension to the fiber, and the tension guide wheel is located between the fourth-level guide ring and the third-level guide ring.

10. A method for testing the wear resistance of silicon carbide fibers according to claim 8, characterized in that: When the fiber bundle is wound between the grinding roller groups, it is wound from the bottom of the first grinding roller to the top of the second grinding roller, then wound to the guide ring group, then wound to the top of the third grinding roller, and finally wound to the bottom of the fourth grinding roller; When the temperature of each grinding roller of the grinding roller group is greater than 30° C., the rotation of the grinding roller group is suspended until each grinding roller of the grinding roller group cools down to room temperature.

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