Tanker cargo oil tank monitoring and alarming system based on inert gas protection

Abstract

The invention relates to a tanker cargo oil tank monitoring and alarming system based on inert gas protection in the field of detection equipment, which performs convective circulation sampling detection on oil gas in crude oil hydrocarbon reservoirs with different distances from the liquid level of crude oil through a left sampling barrel and a right sampling barrel with opposite sampling holes and a detection pipe communicated with the left sampling barrel and the right sampling barrel. The influence of mutual interference between oil gas at different heights during sampling is reduced, the sampling and detection accuracy is improved, and the problem that detection is inaccurate due to the fact that a traditional oil gas concentration detection device can only extract oil gas at the fixed height of the top of a cargo oil tank in a one-way mode is solved; meanwhile, according to the characteristic that the oil gas is not uniformly distributed in the cargo oil tank, the oil gas of the crude oil gas reservoir at different heights is extracted for concentration detection, so that an operator can conveniently obtain the accumulation conditions of the oil gas on the crude oil liquid level at different heights, and whether safety early warning is carried out or not is judged according to the monitoring result.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an oil and gas concentration detection device, in particular to a monitoring and alarm system for an oil tanker cargo oil tank based on inert gas protection applied to the field of detection equipment. Background Art

[0002] Existing oil tankers mostly use the method of filling inert gas into the liquid cargo tank and discharging gas to the atmosphere through the ship's breather valve and breather valve assembly to maintain the oil and gas balance in the tank: that is, a certain amount of inert gas is filled into the upper part of the space of the oil tanker liquid cargo tank, then the volume percentages of oil and gas and oxygen in the liquid cargo tank will decrease, and when the volume percentages of oil and gas and oxygen decrease to a certain value, the occurrence of fire or explosion in the liquid cargo tank can be avoided.

[0003] However, the crude oil stored in the oil tanker cargo oil tank continuously volatilizes oil and gas, and these vapors accumulate at the top of the cargo oil tank, resulting in an increase in the pressure inside the tank, thereby increasing the risk of deformation of the cargo oil tank and the possibility of fire. Therefore, it is particularly important to monitor the oil and gas concentration at the top of the cargo oil tank so that the operator can take measures such as pressure relief, cooling or injection of inert gas in a timely manner according to the actual situation.

[0004] The patent with the publication number CN204694634U discloses an oil and gas concentration detection device for the escaped gas from an oil tanker liquid cargo tank, which is characterized in that it includes: a fan, a pressure vessel, a measurement chamber, a sensor, a microprocessor and a display connected in sequence. Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are that the fan pumps the oil and gas to be measured into the pressure vessel, and then passes it into the measurement chamber for detection. After the current signal output by the sensor is processed by the microprocessor to obtain the oil and gas concentration data, the received oil and gas concentration data is displayed on the display in real time. In this way, not only the real-time online detection is realized, so that the staff can take effective measures in a timely manner, but also the detection of oil and gas is relatively accurate, the cost is relatively low, it is fast, easy to use, meets the calibration requirements of the combustible gas and oil and gas detection alarm, and can greatly reduce the waste of oil and gas and improve the safety of the ship and personnel.

[0005] The above patent is convenient for the operator to take corresponding operations by pumping out the oil and gas at the top of the cargo oil tank, detecting it through the detection chamber and displaying the detection result in real time; however, since the density of oil and gas is greater than that of air, it is easy to sink to the bottom, and the oil and gas concentration in the height layer closer to the crude oil liquid surface in the space at the top of the cargo oil tank is higher, forming an oil and gas layer with different heights and concentrations above the crude oil liquid surface. Sampling and extracting gas directly from the top of the cargo oil tank obtains the oil and gas of the oil and gas layer that is the farthest from the crude oil liquid surface and has the lowest concentration, ignoring the characteristic of uneven distribution of oil and gas, and reducing the accuracy of oil and gas concentration detection. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the above-mentioned prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that the existing oil and gas concentration detection devices cannot accurately obtain the concentration of oil and gas in the cargo oil tank.

[0007] To solve the above problems, the present invention provides a monitoring and alarm system for an oil tanker cargo oil tank based on inert gas protection, which includes a monitoring device and a controller equipped with an alarm system. The monitoring device includes a mounting base, on which a left sampling cylinder and a right sampling cylinder that extend into the cargo oil tank and are symmetrically arranged are fixedly connected. A plurality of left sampling holes that are vertically and equidistantly distributed are opened on the left sampling cylinder, and right sampling holes that are oppositely arranged to the left sampling holes are opened on the right sampling cylinder; the plurality of left sampling holes are respectively communicated with the same left collecting cylinder through a plurality of left sampling pipes, and electromagnetic valves are respectively fixedly connected at the communication positions between the plurality of left sampling pipes and the left collecting cylinder; the plurality of right sampling holes are respectively communicated with the same right collecting cylinder through a plurality of right sampling pipes, and electromagnetic valves are also respectively fixedly connected at the communication positions between the plurality of right sampling pipes and the right collecting cylinder; a detection pipe is fixedly connected between the left collecting cylinder and the right collecting cylinder, a concentration sensor is fixedly sleeved in the middle of the detection pipe, a fan is arranged in the right collecting cylinder, and the fan pushes the air flow in the right collecting cylinder to flow into the left collecting cylinder through the detection pipe; an infrared liquid level sensor that extends into the cargo oil tank is fixedly connected to the mounting base, and the fan, the infrared liquid level sensor, and the plurality of electromagnetic valves are all connected to the same controller.

[0008] In the above-mentioned monitoring and alarm system for an oil tanker cargo oil tank based on inert gas protection, through the left sampling cylinder and the right sampling cylinder with opposite sampling holes and the detection pipe communicated with the two, circulating convection sampling of oil and gas at different heights in the cargo oil tank is realized.

[0009] As a further improvement of the present application, a pair of floating sampling pipes are slidably connected to the left sampling cylinder and the right sampling cylinder. Oppositely arranged floating sampling holes are opened on the opposite sides of the pair of floating sampling pipes. A sampling channel that is communicated with the floating sampling holes is opened in the floating sampling pipes. The upper ends of the floating sampling pipes are fixedly connected with communicating pipes that are communicated with the sampling channels. The upper ends of the pair of communicating pipes are respectively communicated with the left collecting cylinder and the right collecting cylinder, and electromagnetic valves are also respectively installed at the communication positions; the lower ends of the floating sampling pipes are fixedly connected with floating plates that float on the crude oil liquid surface.

[0010] As a further improvement of the present application, the left sampling cylinder is a vertically arranged hollow cylindrical structure, the left sampling cylinder and the right sampling cylinder have the same structure, and the left sampling holes are opened on the circumferential side wall of the left sampling cylinder; the left collecting cylinder is a horizontally arranged hollow cylindrical structure, the right collecting cylinder has the same structure as the left collecting cylinder and is mirror-symmetric with it, and both the left collecting cylinder and the right collecting cylinder are fixedly connected to the mounting base.

[0011] As a further improvement of the present application, the concentration sensor includes a housing fixedly sleeved on the detection pipe. A light source emitter and a photoelectric sensor that are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the detection pipe are fixedly connected in the housing, and the part of the detection pipe located in the housing is a transparent pipe.

[0012] As a further improvement of the present application, the alarm system includes an alarm module and a transmission module. The output end of the alarm module is connected to a buzzer light fixedly installed on the controller, and the transmission module is connected to the control computer in the oil tanker control room.

[0013] As a further improvement of the present application, the fan includes an impeller disposed in the right collecting cylinder and rotatably connected to its inner wall. A plurality of first permanent magnets are fixedly connected inside the impeller. A disk is rotatably connected inside the mounting seat and disposed opposite to the impeller. A plurality of second permanent magnets are fixedly connected inside the disk. The disk is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the motor, and the motor is fixedly connected to the mounting seat.

[0014] As a further improvement of the present application, its usage method includes the following steps:

[0015] Step 1: Detect the crude oil liquid level in the cargo oil tank through the infrared liquid level sensor. Since the length of the left sampling cylinder and the positions of each left sampling hole are known, the height of each left sampling hole from the crude oil liquid level can be determined.

[0016] Step 2: The controller periodically starts the monitoring and alarm process. Based on the heights of the multiple left sampling holes vertically and equally spaced determined in Step 1, first determine the quasi-sampling holes. First, select the left sampling hole farthest from the crude oil liquid level and the corresponding right sampling hole opposite to it as the quasi-sampling holes.

[0017] Step 3: Start a pair of solenoid valves and the fan connected to the quasi-sampling holes. When the start time of the fan reaches the set time threshold, start the concentration sensor to detect the gas concentration of the gas layer at the height corresponding to the quasi-sampling holes and obtain the gas concentration value.

[0018] Step 4: Compare the measured gas concentration value with the preset safety value. When it exceeds the safety value, give a safety warning. When it does not exceed the safety value, proceed to Step 5.

[0019] Step 5: Select the adjacent left sampling hole and right sampling hole below the tested quasi-sampling hole as the new quasi-sampling holes, and then repeat Step 3 and Step 4.

[0020] Step 6: When the sampling detections of all the left sampling holes and right sampling holes at all heights are completed, the controller ends the monitoring and alarm process.

[0021] In summary, the present invention uses a left sampling cylinder and a right sampling cylinder with relative sampling holes, and a detection tube connected to both of them to perform convective circulation sampling and detection on the oil and gas in the oil and gas layers at different distances from the crude oil liquid level, reducing the interference between the oil and gas at different heights during sampling, improving the accuracy of sampling and detection, and overcoming the problem of inaccurate detection caused by the traditional oil and gas concentration detection device that can only unidirectionally extract the oil and gas at a fixed height at the top of the cargo oil tank. At the same time, aiming at the uneven distribution of oil and gas in the cargo oil tank, by extracting the oil and gas from the oil and gas layers at different heights for concentration detection, it is convenient for the operator to obtain the accumulation situation of the oil and gas at different heights above the crude oil liquid surface, further improving the accuracy of detection, and facilitating the operator to perform corresponding operations and improving the timeliness of early warning. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional structure diagram of the present application;

[0023] Figure 2 is an installation diagram of the present application on the cargo oil tank;

[0024] Figure 3 is Figure 2 an enlarged structure diagram of part A in

[0025] Figure 4 is an internal structure diagram of the concentration sensor in the present application;

[0026] Figure 5 is an assembly diagram of the fan in the present application;

[0027] Figure 6 is a flow diagram of the oil and gas during detection;

[0028] Figure 7 is an assembly diagram of the floating sampling tube in the present application;

[0029] Figure 8 is a sectional structure diagram of the floating sampling tube in the present application.

[0030] Description of the reference numerals in the drawings:

[0031] 1. Mounting base; 2. Left sampling cylinder; 201. Left sampling hole; 3. Right sampling cylinder; 301. Right sampling hole; 4. Left sampling pipe; 5. Left collecting cylinder; 6. Solenoid valve; 7. Detection pipe; 8. Concentration sensor; 801. Housing; 802. Light source emitter; 803. Photoelectric sensor; 9. Right sampling pipe; 10. Right collecting cylinder; 11. Fan; 1101. Impeller; 1102. Disk; 1103. Motor; 1104. First permanent magnet; 1105. Second permanent magnet; 12. Infrared liquid level sensor; 13. Controller; 14. Floating sampling pipe; 1401. Floating sampling hole; 1402. Sampling channel; 15. Floating plate; 16. Connecting pipe; 17. Buzzer light. Detailed implementation manners

[0032] The following describes in detail two implementation manners of the present application with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0033] The first implementation manner:

[0034] Figures 1-6 There is shown an oil tanker cargo oil tank monitoring and alarm system based on inert gas protection, including a monitoring device and a controller 13 equipped with an alarm system. The monitoring device includes a mounting base 1, on which there are fixedly connected a left sampling cylinder 2 and a right sampling cylinder 3 that extend into the cargo oil tank and are symmetrically arranged. The left sampling cylinder 2 is provided with a plurality of left sampling holes 201 that are vertically and equidistantly distributed. The right sampling cylinder 3 is provided with right sampling holes 301 that are oppositely arranged to the left sampling holes 201; the plurality of left sampling holes 201 are respectively communicated with the same left collecting cylinder 5 through a plurality of left sampling pipes 4, and solenoid valves 6 are respectively fixedly connected at the communication positions of the plurality of left sampling pipes 4 and the left collecting cylinder 5; the plurality of right sampling holes 301 are respectively communicated with the same right collecting cylinder 10 through a plurality of right sampling pipes 9, and solenoid valves 6 are also respectively fixedly connected at the communication positions of the plurality of right sampling pipes 9 and the right collecting cylinder 10; a detection pipe 7 is fixedly connected between the left collecting cylinder 5 and the right collecting cylinder 10, and a concentration sensor 8 is fixedly sleeved in the middle of the detection pipe 7. A fan 11 is provided in the right collecting cylinder 10, and the fan 11 pushes the air flow in the right collecting cylinder 10 to flow through the detection pipe 7 into the left collecting cylinder 5; an infrared liquid level sensor 12 that extends into the cargo oil tank is fixedly connected to the mounting base 1. The fan 11, the infrared liquid level sensor 12, and the plurality of solenoid valves 6 are all connected to the same controller 13.

[0035] Specifically, when detecting the concentration of escaped oil and gas, please refer to Figure 6 , and its usage method includes the following steps:

[0036] Step 1, the infrared liquid level sensor 12 is used to detect the crude oil liquid level in the cargo oil tank. The length of the left sampling cylinder 2 and the positions of each left sampling hole 201 are known, and thus the height of each left sampling hole 201 from the crude oil liquid level can be determined.

[0037] Specifically, when manufacturing the left sampling cylinder 2 and the right sampling cylinder 3, the lengths of the two and the positions of the left sampling holes 201 and the right sampling holes 301 are known;

[0038] Step 2: The controller 13 periodically starts the monitoring and alarm process. Based on the heights of the multiple left sampling holes 201 vertically and equally spaced determined in Step 1 from the crude oil liquid level, first determine the quasi-sampling holes. First, select the left sampling hole 201 farthest from the crude oil liquid level and the corresponding right sampling hole 301 as the quasi-sampling holes;

[0039] Specifically, since the density of oil and gas is greater than that of air, the concentration of the crude oil and gas layer closer to the crude oil liquid level is higher. Therefore, by first measuring the oil and gas concentration of the crude oil and gas layer farthest from the crude oil liquid level, the farthest range of the diffusion of oil and gas and the oil and gas concentration at the farthest diffusion distance can be quickly obtained, which is convenient for rapid early warning;

[0040] Step 3: Start a pair of solenoid valves 6 and the fan 11 connected to the quasi-sampling holes. When the start time of the fan 11 reaches the set time threshold, start the concentration sensor 8 to detect the oil and gas concentration of the oil and gas layer corresponding to the height of the quasi-sampling holes and obtain the oil and gas concentration value;

[0041] Specifically, the fan 11 causes the air flow to flow from the right collecting cylinder 10 through the detection tube 7 into the left collecting cylinder 5. When the air flow in the right collecting cylinder 10 flows into the detection tube 7, a negative pressure is generated in the right collecting cylinder 10, causing the oil and gas of the crude oil and gas layer corresponding to the height of the right sampling hole 301 to enter the right collecting cylinder 10 through the right sampling hole 301 and the right sampling tube 9, and then the oil and gas enters the detection tube 7. The concentration sensor 8 detects the concentration of the oil and gas flowing through the detection tube 7, and the detected oil and gas flows out of the left sampling hole 201 through the left collecting cylinder 5 and the left sampling tube 4 and is discharged into the crude oil and gas layer at the same height, thereby realizing the cyclic flow of oil and gas between the crude oil and gas layer at a certain height and the detection tube 7, reducing the interference of the oil and gas in the crude oil and gas layers at different height layers, and improving the accuracy of detection;

[0042] It should be particularly noted that in order to ensure that the oil and gas concentration in the detection tube 7 is consistent with the oil and gas concentration of the corresponding extracted crude oil and gas layer, before detection, it is necessary to use the fan 11 to make the oil and gas in the crude oil and gas layer and the oil and gas in the detection tube 7 circulate fully;

[0043] Step 4: Compare the measured oil and gas concentration value with the preset safety value. When it exceeds the safety value, conduct a safety early warning. When it does not exceed the safety value, proceed to Step 5;

[0044] Step 5: Select the left sampling hole 201 and the right sampling hole 301 adjacent to the lower part of the tested quasi-sampling holes as the new quasi-sampling holes, and then repeat Step 3 and Step 4;

[0045] Step 6: When the sampling detections of the left sampling holes 201 and the right sampling holes 301 at all heights are completed, the controller 13 ends the monitoring and alarm process.

[0046] Specifically, the oil and gas concentrations of the oil and gas layers at different heights from the crude oil liquid level are detected one by one, which is convenient for the operator to perform corresponding operations.

[0047] Compared with the traditional oil and gas concentration detection device, the present invention uses the left sampling cylinder 2 and the right sampling cylinder 3 with opposite sampling holes to perform convective circulation sampling detection on the oil and gas in the oil and gas layers at different distances from the crude oil liquid level, reducing the mutual interference between the oil and gas at different heights during sampling, improving the accuracy of detection, and overcoming the problem of low accuracy caused by the traditional oil and gas concentration detection device that can only unidirectionally extract the oil and gas at the top of the cargo oil tank for concentration detection when in use; at the same time, by extracting the oil and gas from the oil and gas layers at different heights for concentration detection, it is convenient for the operator to obtain the accumulation situation of the oil and gas at different heights above the crude oil liquid level, which is convenient for the operator to perform corresponding operations and improve the timeliness of early warning.

[0048] Please refer to Figure 3 , the left sampling cylinder 2 is a vertically arranged hollow cylindrical structure. The left sampling cylinder 2 and the right sampling cylinder 3 have the same structure. The left sampling hole 201 is opened on the circumferential side wall of the left sampling cylinder 2; the left collecting cylinder 5 is a horizontally arranged hollow cylindrical structure. The right collecting cylinder 10 has the same structure as the left collecting cylinder 5 and is arranged in a mirror image with it. Both the left collecting cylinder 5 and the right collecting cylinder 10 are fixedly connected to the mounting base 1.

[0049] Specifically, through the sampling holes provided in the left sampling cylinder 2 and the right sampling cylinder 3, it is convenient to extract the gas from the oil and gas layers at different heights above the crude oil liquid level, and through the left collecting cylinder 5, the right collecting cylinder 10 and the electromagnetic valve 6, the switching suction of the sampling gas of the oil and gas layers at different heights is realized.

[0050] Please refer to Figure 4 , the concentration sensor 8 includes a housing 801 fixedly sleeved on the detection tube 7. A light source emitter 802 and a photoelectric sensor 803 symmetrically arranged on both sides of the detection tube 7 are fixedly connected inside the housing 801. The part of the detection tube 7 located inside the housing 801 is a transparent tube.

[0051] Specifically, the light source emitter 802 emits detection light into the detection tube 7. The detection light is blocked by the oil and gas, and the blocked detection light is received by the photoelectric sensor 803, resulting in a decrease in the intensity of the light. The degree of absorption of this light is proportional to the concentration of the oil and gas. The concentration of the oil and gas is derived based on Beer's law, which is prior art and will not be elaborated in this application. It should be particularly noted that since the concentration of the oil and gas layer at the same height as the crude oil liquid surface is basically the same, under the condition of not considering the influence of the sampling tube and the volume of the detection tube 7 itself (sampling tubes and detection tubes 7 with smaller internal volumes can be used) on the concentration of the crude oil and gas, the concentration of the oil and gas entering the detection tube 7 is equal to the concentration of the crude oil and gas layer at this height.

[0052] In this embodiment, the alarm system includes an alarm module and a transmission module. The output end of the alarm module is connected to a buzzer light 17 fixedly installed on the controller 13, and the transmission module is connected to the control computer in the oil tanker control room.

[0053] Specifically, the alarm module compares the real-time oil and gas vacancy of each crude oil and gas layer monitored in real time with the set oil and gas safety value. When the real-time oil and gas concentration value is greater than the set oil and gas safety value, the alarm module activates the buzzer light 17 and generates an alarm instruction, which is transmitted to the control computer in the oil tanker control room through the transmission module.

[0054] Please refer to Figure 5 , the fan 11 includes an impeller 1101 disposed in the right collecting cylinder 10 and rotatably connected to its inner wall. A plurality of first permanent magnets 1104 are fixedly connected inside the impeller 1101. A disk 1102 disposed opposite to the impeller 1101 is rotatably connected inside the mounting seat 1. A plurality of second permanent magnets 1105 are fixedly connected inside the disk 1102. The disk 1102 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of a motor 1103, and the motor 1103 is fixedly connected to the mounting seat 1.

[0055] Specifically, the motor 1103 drives the disk 1102 to rotate. The disk 1102 drives the impeller 1101 to rotate through magnetic adsorption, thereby realizing the flow of air. At the same time, the connection tightness between the detection tube 7 and the right collecting cylinder 10 is improved, and the safety of the oil and gas circulating flow is improved.

[0056] The second implementation method:

[0057] Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 7 and Figure 8Disclosed is a monitoring and alarm system for the cargo oil tank of an oil tanker based on inert gas protection. On the basis of the first implementation manner, a pair of floating sampling tubes 14 are slidably connected to the left sampling cylinder 2 and the right sampling cylinder 3. Opposite sides of the pair of floating sampling tubes 14 are provided with relatively arranged floating sampling holes 1401. A sampling channel 1402 communicating with the floating sampling holes 1401 is provided in the floating sampling tubes 14. A connecting pipe 16 communicating with the sampling channel 1402 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the floating sampling tube 14. Upper ends of the pair of connecting pipes 16 are respectively communicated with the left collecting cylinder 5 and the right collecting cylinder 10, and electromagnetic valves 6 are also respectively installed at the communicating positions; a floating plate 15 floating on the crude oil liquid surface is fixedly connected to the lower end of the floating sampling tube 14.

[0058] Specifically, through the floating sampling tube 14 connected with the floating plate 15, the oil and gas in the oil and gas layer at a set height from the crude oil liquid surface are extracted and the concentration is detected. Compared with the fixedly arranged left sampling cylinder 2 and right sampling cylinder 3, the floating sampling tube 14 can move up and down with the fluctuation of the crude oil liquid surface, further expanding the sampling range and making the sampling point closer to the crude oil liquid surface, improving the timeliness of early warning. At the same time, by setting the floating plate 15, the influence of the fluctuation of the crude oil liquid surface during the driving of the oil tanker on the accuracy of concentration detection is reduced.

[0059] Combined with the current actual requirements, the above implementation manner adopted in this application, the protection scope is not limited thereto. Within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art, various changes made without departing from the concept of this application still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An oil tanker cargo oil tank monitoring and alarm system based on inert gas protection, characterized in that, It includes a monitoring device and a controller (13) equipped with an alarm system. The monitoring device includes a mounting base (1). On the mounting base (1), a left sampling cylinder (2) and a right sampling cylinder (3) that extend into the cargo oil tank and are symmetrically arranged are fixedly connected. A plurality of left sampling holes (201) that are vertically and equidistantly distributed are opened on the left sampling cylinder (2). On the right sampling cylinder (3), right sampling holes (301) that are oppositely arranged with respect to the left sampling holes (201) are opened. The plurality of left sampling holes (201) are respectively communicated with the same left collecting cylinder (5) through a plurality of left sampling pipes (4). Solenoid valves (6) are respectively fixedly connected at the communicating positions of the plurality of left sampling pipes (4) and the left collecting cylinder (5). The plurality of right sampling holes (301) are respectively communicated with the same right collecting cylinder (10) through a plurality of right sampling pipes (9). Solenoid valves (6) are also respectively fixedly connected at the communicating positions of the plurality of right sampling pipes (9) and the right collecting cylinder (10). A detection pipe (7) is fixedly connected between the left collecting cylinder (5) and the right collecting cylinder (10). A concentration sensor (8) is fixedly sleeved in the middle of the detection pipe (7). A blower (11) is arranged in the right collecting cylinder (10). The blower (11) pushes the air flow in the right collecting cylinder (10) to flow into the left collecting cylinder (5) through the detection pipe (7). An infrared liquid level sensor (12) that extends into the cargo oil tank is fixedly connected to the mounting base (1). The blower (11), the infrared liquid level sensor (12), and the plurality of solenoid valves (6) are all connected to the same controller (13).

2. The monitoring and alarm system for the cargo oil tank of an oil tanker based on inert gas protection according to claim 1, wherein A pair of floating sampling pipes (14) are slidably connected to the left sampling cylinder (2) and the right sampling cylinder (3). Oppositely arranged floating sampling holes (1401) are opened on the opposite sides of the pair of floating sampling pipes (14). A sampling channel (1402) that is communicated with the floating sampling holes (1401) is opened in the floating sampling pipes (14). A communicating pipe (16) that is communicated with the sampling channel (1402) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the floating sampling pipes (14). The upper ends of the pair of communicating pipes (16) are respectively communicated with the left collecting cylinder (5) and the right collecting cylinder (10), and solenoid valves (6) are also respectively installed at the communicating positions. A floating plate (15) that floats on the crude oil liquid surface is fixedly connected to the lower end of the floating sampling pipes (14).

3. The monitoring and alarm system for the oil tanker cargo oil tank based on inert gas protection according to claim 1, characterized in that The left sampling cylinder (2) is a vertically arranged hollow cylindrical structure. The left sampling cylinder (2) and the right sampling cylinder (3) have the same structure. The left sampling holes (201) are opened on the circumferential side wall of the left sampling cylinder (2). The left collecting cylinder (5) is a horizontally arranged hollow cylindrical structure. The right collecting cylinder (10) has the same structure as the left collecting cylinder (5) and is arranged in a mirror image with it. Both the left collecting cylinder (5) and the right collecting cylinder (10) are fixedly connected to the mounting base (1).

4. The monitoring and alarm system for the tanker cargo oil tank based on inert gas protection according to claim 1, wherein The concentration sensor (8) includes a housing (801) fixedly sleeved on the detection pipe (7). A light source emitter (802) and a photoelectric sensor (803) that are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the detection pipe (7) are fixedly connected inside the housing (801). The part of the detection pipe (7) located inside the housing (801) is a transparent pipe.

5. The monitoring and alarm system for the oil tanker cargo oil tank based on inert gas protection according to claim 1, characterized in that, The alarm system includes an alarm module and a transmission module. The output end of the alarm module is connected to a buzzer light (17) fixedly installed on the controller (13), and the transmission module is connected to the control computer in the oil tanker control room.

6. The monitoring and alarm system for the oil tanker cargo oil tank based on inert gas protection according to claim 1, wherein, The fan (11) includes an impeller (1101) arranged in the right collecting cylinder (10) and rotatably connected to its inner wall. A plurality of first permanent magnets (1104) are fixedly connected inside the impeller (1101). A disk (1102) opposite to the impeller (1101) is rotatably connected inside the mounting seat (1). A plurality of second permanent magnets (1105) are fixedly connected inside the disk (1102). The disk (1102) is fixedly connected to the output shaft of a motor (1103), and the motor (1103) is fixedly connected to the mounting seat (1).

7. The monitoring and alarm system for the tanker cargo oil tank based on inert gas protection according to claim 1, characterized in that, Its usage method includes the following steps: Step 1, the infrared liquid level sensor (12) is used to detect the crude oil liquid level in the cargo oil tank. The length of the left sampling cylinder (2) and the positions of each left sampling hole (201) are known, so that the height of each left sampling hole (201) from the crude oil liquid level can be determined. Step 2, the controller (13) periodically starts the monitoring and alarm process: Based on the heights of the multiple left sampling holes (201) vertically and equally spaced determined in Step 1, first determine the quasi-sampling holes. First, select the left sampling hole (201) farthest from the crude oil liquid level and the corresponding right sampling hole (301) as the quasi-sampling holes. Step 3, start a pair of solenoid valves (6) and the fan (11) connected to the quasi-sampling holes. When the startup time of the fan (11) reaches the set time threshold, start the concentration sensor (8) to detect the gas concentration of the gas layer at the height corresponding to the quasi-sampling holes and obtain the gas concentration value. Step 4, compare the measured gas concentration value with the preset safety value. When it exceeds the safety value, give a safety warning. When it does not exceed the safety value, proceed to Step 5. Step 5, select the adjacent left sampling hole (201) and right sampling hole (301) below the tested quasi-sampling holes as the new quasi-sampling holes, and then repeat Step 3 and Step 4. Step 6, when the sampling detections of all the left sampling holes (201) and right sampling holes (301) at all heights are completed, the controller (13) ends the monitoring and alarm process.

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