Voltage and impedance inspection device and method for fuel cell stack or electrolytic cell

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of fuel cells and water electrolysis, and particularly relates to a voltage and impedance inspection device and method for a fuel cell stack or an electrolytic bath, and the voltage and impedance inspection device comprises a fixing mechanism, a probe mechanism, a guide rail, a clamp device and an inspection control device, two ends of the fixing mechanism are connected with end plates of a cathode and an anode of the galvanic pile or the electrolytic cell in an embedded manner; the guide rail is horizontally inserted into the fixing mechanism and is parallel to the side surface of the galvanic pile or the electrolytic cell; a probe mechanism is slidably arranged in the guide rail, the detection end of the probe mechanism is arranged opposite to the galvanic pile or the electrolytic cell, and the extension length of the detection end of the probe mechanism is adjusted through a fixing mechanism; the tail end of the probe mechanism is connected with the inspection control device; the clamp device is fixedly connected to one side of the fixing mechanism and is arranged on one side where the detection end of the probe mechanism points. The position of each group of probes is independently adjustable, and the probe guide rail is in sliding fit with one side end of the galvanic pile, so that the device has the advantage of being suitable for galvanic piles with any size, section number and single-section thickness.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical fields of fuel cells and water electrolysis, and specifically relates to a voltage and impedance inspection device and method for a fuel cell stack or an electrolyzer. Background Art

[0002] The use of fuel cell stacks and water electrolyzers complies with the national industrial support policies and the requirements of current environmental protection and renewable energy utilization. With the rapid development of modern society, higher requirements are put forward for the reliability and lifespan of fuel cell stacks and water electrolyzers. The inspection device is an important tool for improving the operation reliability of fuel cell stacks or electrolyzers. It can monitor the operating status of each single cell of the stack or electrolyzer in real time and promptly detect problems such as single low voltage, high voltage, reverse polarity, blockage, and leakage, which is of great significance for the monitoring iteration of fuel cell failure modes and the reliability and safety of system operation.

[0003] The existing conventional inspection methods for stacks or electrolyzers mostly involve drilling holes on the side of graphite plates to connect inspection terminals, or leading out wiring terminals on metal plates and connecting them to the acquisition device through signal lines. The above methods have the disadvantages of poor reliability leading to inaccurate inspection information or complex structures leading to excessive assembly difficulty. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to address the problems of complex structure and poor reliability of the stack inspection device in the prior art, and provide a voltage and impedance inspection device for a fuel cell stack or an electrolyzer with a modular design and its operation method. This device is applicable to stacks with different structures, single-cell thicknesses, and numbers of cells, and can be installed separately after the stack assembly is completed, with the advantages of simple operation and reliable contact.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to achieve the above purpose is: a voltage and impedance inspection device for a fuel cell stack or an electrolyzer, comprising: a fixing mechanism, a probe mechanism, a guide rail, a fixture device, and an inspection control device;

[0006] Among them, both ends of the fixing mechanism are embedded and connected to the end plates of the anode and cathode of the stack or electrolyzer; the guide rail is horizontally inserted into the fixing mechanism and is parallel to the side of the stack or electrolyzer;

[0007] A probe mechanism is slidably arranged in the guide rail, and the detection end of the probe mechanism is arranged opposite to the stack or electrolyzer. The protrusion length of the detection end of the probe mechanism is adjusted through the fixing mechanism to adapt to stacks or electrolyzers of different sizes; the tail end of the probe mechanism is connected to the inspection control device;

[0008] The fixture device is fixedly connected to one side of the fixing mechanism and is arranged on the side pointed by the detection end of the probe mechanism, for placing the stack, adjusting the position of the stack at different heights, and adjusting and adapting to stacks with different flow field sizes.

[0009] The fixing mechanism includes a fixing base and a bolt cover plate;

[0010] There are two fixing bases, which are respectively fixedly connected to the end plates of the anode and cathode of the fuel cell stack or electrolyzer, and an insulating layer is provided between the fixing base and the end plate; the fixing base is vertically installed on the horizontal plane;

[0011] Each fixing base is provided with two card slots, the shapes of the card slots are adapted to the outer contour of the guide rail, and the guide rails are inserted into the corresponding card slots of the two fixing bases;

[0012] The guide rail is restricted in the card slot by the bolt cover plate, and the pressing force of the bolt cover plate on the guide rail is changed by the bolt connected to the fixing base to adjust the protruding length of the probe mechanism to adapt to fuel cell stacks or electrolyzers of different sizes.

[0013] The probe mechanism includes a probe, a probe fixing sleeve, and a limiting platform;

[0014] Among them, the probe is a spring probe with a spring built-in, which is used to apply a pressing force to the side of the electrolyzer or fuel cell stack through the detection end of the probe to obtain reliable contact required for voltage and impedance testing;

[0015] The probe is inserted into the probe fixing sleeve, and the tail end of the probe is connected to the inspection control device through a signal line;

[0016] There is a limiting platform in the probe fixing sleeve, and the probe is fixed in the probe fixing sleeve through the limiting platform;

[0017] The outer contour of the probe fixing sleeve is provided with two parallel protruding sleeve extensions, and the sleeve extensions are square or circular.

[0018] The material of the probe fixing sleeve is any one or more of polyether ether ketone, glass fiber reinforced polyamide, phenolic resin, vinyl ester resin, polytetrafluoroethylene, and tetrafluoroethylene-hexafluoropropylene copolymer.

[0019] There are multiple probe mechanisms, and the number of probe mechanisms on each guide rail is equal;

[0020] The distance between each probe mechanism is adjusted by sliding the probe fixing sleeve in the guide rail.

[0021] There are two guide rails, and each guide rail includes a symmetric upper guide rail and a lower guide rail, and two parallel guide grooves are provided in both the upper guide rail and the lower guide rail;

[0022] The guide grooves of the upper guide rail and the lower guide rail are arranged oppositely, and the probe mechanisms are slidably arranged in the corresponding guide grooves of the upper guide rail and the lower guide rail.

[0023] The width between the two guide grooves of the guide rail is equal to the width of the sleeve extension on the probe fixing sleeve, and the distance between the two guide grooves is equal to the distance of the sleeve extension on the probe fixing sleeve.

[0024] The inspection control device is integrated with an inspection control circuit;

[0025] The inspection control circuit includes: a multiplexer, a differential amplifier, an analog-to-digital converter, a microcontroller, a signal generator, a power amplifier, a current sampling module, and a communication interface;

[0026] The input end of the multiplexer is connected to the signal line of the probe mechanism, and is used to switch the voltage signal input channels of different probes;

[0027] The input end of the differential amplifier is connected to the output end of the multiplexer, and is used to amplify the collected voltage signal and suppress the common-mode noise;

[0028] The input end of the analog-to-digital converter is connected to the output end of the differential amplifier, converts the analog voltage signal into a digital signal and then transmits it to the microcontroller;

[0029] The signal generator is controlled by the microcontroller and outputs an AC excitation signal with a preset frequency to the power amplifier;

[0030] The output end of the power amplifier is connected to the positive and negative end plates of the fuel cell stack or electrolytic cell, and is used to inject an alternating current into the fuel cell stack for impedance measurement;

[0031] The current sampling module includes a sampling resistor and an instrumentation amplifier, which are connected in series in the excitation loop, collect the current signal, amplify it through the instrumentation amplifier and then transmit it to the analog-to-digital converter;

[0032] The communication interface is connected to the microcontroller and is used to transmit the voltage and impedance data to the upper computer.

[0033] A method for using a voltage and impedance inspection device for a fuel cell stack or electrolytic cell, characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0034] S1: Install the fixing mechanism: Fasten the two fixing bases to the outside of the positive and negative end plates of the fuel cell stack or electrolytic cell with bolts, and ensure that the insulating layer between the fixing base and the end plate is closely attached;

[0035] S2: Adjust the position of the guide rail: Loosen the bolt cover plate, slide the guide rail along the card slot until it is parallel to the side of the fuel cell stack, and then lock the bolts to make the detection end of the probe mechanism align with the voltage acquisition point of a single cell of the fuel cell stack;

[0036] S3: Arrange the probe mechanism: According to the number and spacing of single cells of the fuel cell stack, slide the position of the probe fixing sleeve in the guide groove so that the detection ends of the probes are aligned with the contact areas of the single cell electrode plates;

[0037] S4: Fix the stack: Place the stack on the magnetic base of the fixture device, adjust the horizontal position of the stack by moving the positioning module in the Y-axis direction to align the edge of the flow field plate with the probe detection end; lift the stack by moving the positioning module in the Z-axis direction until the compression of the probe spring reaches the preset contact pressure.

[0038] S5: Start the inspection: Set the voltage / impedance detection mode and parameters through the inspection control device, control the probe mechanism to switch channels in sequence, and the inspection control device detects the voltage and impedance data of each single cell.

[0039] S6: Data analysis: The host computer receives the detection data, draws the voltage distribution curve and impedance spectrogram, identifies the abnormal single cells and generates a diagnostic report.

[0040] The inspection control device detects the voltage and impedance data of each single cell, and its detection method is specifically as follows:

[0041] S1-1: Initialize the multiplexer channel and select the target probe.

[0042] S1-2: Collect the voltage of the target single cell through the differential amplifier and ADC.

[0043] S1-3: Switch to the impedance detection mode, and the microcontroller controls the signal generator to output a swept-frequency signal, which drives the stack through the power amplifier.

[0044] S1-4: Synchronously collect the current signal of the current sampling module and the voltage response signal of the corresponding probe.

[0045] S1-5: Calculate the impedance amplitude and phase through fast Fourier transform to generate an impedance spectrum.

[0046] S1-6: Repeat S1-1 to S1-5 until all single cell detections are completed, and upload the data through the communication interface.

[0047] The present invention has the following beneficial effects and advantages:

[0048] 1. The present invention is modularly designed, can be applied to stacks with different structures, single cell thicknesses and numbers of cells, and can be installed separately after the stack is assembled, with the advantages of simple operation and reliable contact.

[0049] 2. Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the advantages that the position of each group of probes is independently adjustable, and the probe guide rail is in sliding fit with one side end plate of the stack, and is applicable to stacks of any size, any number of cells and any single cell thickness.

[0050] 3. The sliding fit design of the guide rail and the probe mechanism of the present invention, combined with the adjustable fixing mechanism, enables the device to adapt to any size, number of sections, and single-section thickness of the stack or electrolytic cell. By adjusting the protruding length of the guide rail and the probe spacing, different specifications of detection requirements can be covered without customized modification, significantly reducing the equipment cost.

[0051] 4. The probe of the present invention adopts an elastic structure with a built-in spring to ensure a constant contact pressure between the detection end and the electrode plate of the stack, avoiding poor contact caused by vibration or thermal expansion. At the same time, the probe fixing sleeve uses a high-strength insulating material, which not only ensures mechanical strength but also effectively isolates electrical interference and improves the signal acquisition accuracy.

[0052] 5. The inspection control device of the present invention integrates a multiplexer, a differential amplifier, and a Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) algorithm, supporting multi-channel switching and synchronous data acquisition. Through the swept-frequency excitation signal and the synchronous sampling of current / voltage, the impedance spectrum of a single cell can be accurately calculated, and the performance degradation or faulty unit can be quickly located, providing data support for the health status assessment of the stack.

[0053] 6. The probe mechanism of the present invention has an independent detachable design. If a single probe is damaged, it can be directly replaced without the need for overall shutdown for maintenance. The modular split structure of the guide rail and the fixed base is also convenient for transportation and storage, especially suitable for multi-scenario applications in laboratories and industrial sites. Description of the Drawings

[0054] Figure 1 Installation schematic diagram of the voltage and impedance inspection device for a fuel cell stack or electrolytic cell according to the present invention;

[0055] Figure 2 Overall structure schematic diagram of the voltage and impedance inspection device for a fuel cell stack or electrolytic cell according to the present invention;

[0056] Figure 3 Structure schematic diagram of the probe mechanism of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 4 Structure schematic diagram of the probe fixing seat of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 5 Structure schematic diagram of the sliding guide rail of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 6 Assembly schematic diagram of the sliding guide rail fixed base and the cover plate of the present invention;

[0060] Among them, 1 is the fixing mechanism, 101 is the fixing base, 102 is the bolt cover plate, 103 is the card slot, 2 is the probe mechanism, 201 is the probe body, 202 is the probe fixing sleeve, 203 is the detection end, 204 is the probe tail end, 3 is the guide rail, 301 is the upper guide rail, 302 is the lower guide rail, 303 is the guide rail groove, and 304 is the sleeve extension. Detailed implementation mode

[0061] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0062] As Figures 1-2 shown, it is the installation schematic diagram and overall structure schematic diagram of the present invention. A voltage and impedance inspection device for a fuel cell stack or electrolyzer of the present invention includes: a fixing mechanism 1, a probe mechanism 2, a guide rail 3, a fixture device, and an inspection control device;

[0063] Among them, both ends of the fixing mechanism 1 are embedded and connected to the end plates of the anode and cathode of the fuel cell stack or electrolyzer; the guide rail 3 is horizontally inserted into the fixing mechanism 1, and the guide rail 3 is parallel to the side surface of the fuel cell stack or electrolyzer;

[0064] A probe mechanism 2 is slidably arranged in the guide rail 3. The detection end of the probe mechanism 2 is arranged opposite to the fuel cell stack or electrolyzer. The protruding length of the detection end of the probe mechanism 2 is adjusted through the fixing mechanism 1 to adapt to fuel cell stacks or electrolyzers of different sizes; the tail end of the probe mechanism 2 is connected to the inspection control device;

[0065] The fixture device is fixedly connected to one side of the fixing mechanism 1 and is arranged on the side where the detection end of the probe mechanism 2 points, for placing the fuel cell stack, adjusting the position of the fuel cell stack at different heights, and adjusting and adapting to fuel cell stacks with different flow field sizes.

[0066] As Figure 6 shown, it is the assembly schematic diagram of the sliding guide rail fixing base and the cover plate of the present invention. The fixing mechanism 1 includes: a fixing base 101 and a bolt cover plate 102;

[0067] There are two fixing bases 101, which are respectively fixedly connected to the end plates of the anode and cathode of the fuel cell stack or electrolyzer, and an insulating layer is provided between the fixing base 101 and the end plate; the fixing base 101 is vertically installed on the horizontal plane;

[0068] Each of the fixing bases 101 is provided with two card slots 103, and the shape of the card slots 103 is adapted to the outer contour of the guide rail 3. The guide rail 3 is inserted into the corresponding card slots 103 of the two fixing bases 101;

[0069] The guide rail 3 is restricted in the card slot 103 by the bolt cover plate 102, and the pressing force of the bolt cover plate 102 on the guide rail 3 is changed through the bolt connected to the fixing base 101 to adjust the protruding length of the probe mechanism 2 to adapt to fuel cell stacks or electrolyzers of different sizes.

[0070] As Figure 3 shown, it is a schematic structural diagram of the probe mechanism of the present invention. The probe mechanism 2 includes: a probe body 201, a probe fixing sleeve 202, and a limiting platform;

[0071] Among them, the probe body 201 is a spring probe with a built-in spring, which is used to apply a pressing force to the side of the electrolytic cell or the stack through the detection end 203 of the probe to obtain reliable contact required for voltage and impedance testing;

[0072] The probe body 201 is inserted into the probe fixing sleeve 202, and the probe tail end 204 is connected to the inspection control device through a signal line;

[0073] As Figure 4 shown, it is a schematic structural diagram of the probe fixing seat of the present invention. There is a limiting platform in the probe fixing sleeve 202, and the probe body 201 is fixed in the probe fixing sleeve 202 through the limiting platform;

[0074] The outer contour of the probe fixing sleeve 202 is provided with two parallel protruding sleeve extensions 304, and the sleeve extensions 304 are square or circular.

[0075] The material of the probe fixing sleeve 202 is any one of polyether ether ketone, glass fiber reinforced polyamide, phenolic resin, vinyl ester resin, polytetrafluoroethylene, and tetrafluoroethylene-hexafluoropropylene copolymer.

[0076] There are multiple probe mechanisms 2, and the number of probe mechanisms on each guide rail is equal;

[0077] The distance between each probe mechanism 2 is adjusted by sliding the probe fixing sleeve 202 in the guide rail 3.

[0078] As Figure 5 shown, it is a schematic structural diagram of the sliding guide rail of the present invention. There are two guide rails 3, and each guide rail 3 includes: a symmetric upper guide rail 301 and a lower guide rail 302, and there are two parallel guide grooves 303 in both the upper guide rail 301 and the lower guide rail 302;

[0079] The guide grooves of the upper guide rail 301 and the lower guide rail 302 are arranged oppositely, and the probe mechanism 2 is slidably arranged corresponding to the guide grooves of the upper guide rail 301 and the lower guide rail 302.

[0080] The width between the two guide grooves 303 of the guide rail 3 is equal to the width of the sleeve extension 304 on the probe fixing sleeve 202, and the distance between the two guide grooves is equal to the distance between the sleeve extensions 304 on the probe fixing sleeve 202.

[0081] The inspection control circuit is integrated in the inspection control device;

[0082] The inspection control circuit includes: a multiplexer, a differential amplifier, an analog-to-digital converter, a microcontroller, a signal generator, a power amplifier, a current sampling module, and a communication interface;

[0083] The input end of the multiplexer is connected to the signal line of the probe mechanism 2, and is used to switch the voltage signal input channels of different probes;

[0084] The input end of the differential amplifier is connected to the output end of the multiplexer, and is used to amplify the collected voltage signal and suppress the common-mode noise;

[0085] The input end of the analog-to-digital converter is connected to the output end of the differential amplifier, and converts the analog voltage signal into a digital signal and then transmits it to the microcontroller;

[0086] The signal generator is controlled by the microcontroller, and outputs an AC excitation signal with a preset frequency to the power amplifier;

[0087] The output end of the power amplifier is connected to the anode and cathode end plates of the stack or electrolytic cell, and is used to inject an alternating current into the stack for impedance measurement;

[0088] The current sampling module includes a sampling resistor and an instrumentation amplifier, which are connected in series in the excitation circuit, collect the current signal, amplify it through the instrumentation amplifier, and then transmit it to the analog-to-digital converter;

[0089] The communication interface is connected to the microcontroller, and is used to transmit the voltage and impedance data to the upper computer.

[0090] As Figures 1-6 shown, according to a method of using a voltage and impedance inspection device for a fuel cell stack or electrolytic cell, it includes the following steps:

[0091] S1: Install the fixing mechanism 1: Fasten the two fixing bases 101 to the outside of the anode and cathode end plates of the stack or electrolytic cell with bolts, and ensure that the insulating layer between the fixing base and the end plate fits tightly;

[0092] S2: Adjust the position of the guide rail 3: Loosen the bolt cover plate 102, slide the guide rail 3 along the card slot 103 until it is parallel to the side of the stack, and then lock the bolt, so that the detection end 203 of the probe mechanism 2 is aligned with the single-cell voltage acquisition point of the stack;

[0093] S3: Arrange the probe mechanism 2: According to the number and spacing of the single cells of the stack, slide the position of the probe fixing sleeve 202 in the guide rail groove 303, so that the detection ends 203 of the probe bodies 201 are aligned with the contact areas of the single-cell electrode plates;

[0094] S4: Fix the stack: Place the stack on the magnetic base of the fixture device, adjust the horizontal position of the stack through the positioning module moving in the Y-axis direction to align the edge of the flow field plate with the detection end of the probe; lift the stack through the positioning module moving in the Z-axis direction until the compression of the probe spring reaches the preset contact pressure.

[0095] In step 4), the fixture device integrates a magnetic base and a multi-axis positioning module (Y-axis, Z-axis), which can quickly fix the stack and finely adjust the position to accurately align the probe with the flow field plate. In addition, the slot limit structure of the guide rail combined with the bolt pressing mechanism simplifies the installation process. The user only needs to loosen or tighten the bolts to complete the overall adaptation of the probe mechanism, greatly shortening the debugging time.

[0096] S5: Start the inspection: Set the voltage / impedance detection mode and parameters through the inspection control device, control the probe mechanism 2 to switch channels in sequence, and the inspection control device detects the voltage and impedance data of each single cell.

[0097] S6: Data analysis: The host computer receives the detection data, draws the voltage distribution curve and impedance spectrogram, identifies the abnormal single cells and generates a diagnostic report.

[0098] Among them, the inspection control device in the present invention detects the voltage and impedance data of each single cell, and its detection method is specifically as follows:

[0099] S1-1: Initialize the multiplexer channel and select the target probe.

[0100] S1-2: Collect the voltage of the target single cell through the differential amplifier and ADC.

[0101] S1-3: Switch to the impedance detection mode, and the microcontroller controls the signal generator to output a swept-frequency signal to drive the stack through the power amplifier.

[0102] S1-4: Synchronously collect the current signal of the current sampling module and the voltage response signal of the corresponding probe.

[0103] S1-5: Calculate the impedance amplitude and phase through the fast Fourier transform to generate an impedance spectrum.

[0104] S1-6: Repeat steps S1-1 to S1-5 until all single cells are detected, and upload the data through the communication interface.

[0105] Embodiment 1: Taking the detection and adaptation of the entire stack as an example, the specific principle of the device in this embodiment is as follows:

[0106] As Figures 1-6As shown, the probe body 201 of the probe mechanism 2 applies a pressing force to the side of the electrolytic cell or the stack through a built-in spring to obtain reliable contact required for voltage and impedance testing. The probe tail 204 is connected to the signal line by welding or screwing, and the signal line is connected to the inspection and control device at the rear end.

[0107] The probe fixing sleeve 202 is made of high-strength insulating materials such as polyether ether ketone, glass fiber-reinforced polyamide, phenolic resin, vinyl ester resin, polytetrafluoroethylene, and tetrafluoroethylene-hexafluoropropylene copolymer.

[0108] There is a limiting platform inside the probe fixing sleeve 202, and the probe body 201 is fixed in the sleeve through the limiting platform. The outer contour of the probe fixing sleeve 202 has a protruding sleeve extension 304. In this embodiment, the sleeve extension 304 is selected to be circular.

[0109] The effective length regions of the two parallel guide rails 3 can cover the entire stack. The two guide rail grooves 303 cooperate with the protruding sleeve extension 304 on the outer contour of the probe fixing sleeve 202 for limiting. The probe fixing sleeve 202 can slide along the direction of the guide rail 3, and the spacing between each group of probe bodies 201 can be adjusted by sliding the probe fixing sleeve 202 in the guide rail groove 303. The resistance of this sliding is restricted by the friction between the sleeve extension 304 on the probe fixing sleeve and the inner wall of the guide rail groove 303. The contact pressure of the friction interface is provided by the reaction force of the elastic force of the spring probe on the stack or the electrolytic cell. The probes fixed by the two parallel guide rails 3 are arranged in a staggered pattern to adapt to the structure of the thin single-cell thickness.

[0110] Both ends of the guide rail 3 are connected to the end plates of the anode and cathode of the stack (or electrolytic cell) through the fixing base 101, and the mechanical connection between the fixing base 101 and the end plate is blocked by an insulating layer. The fixing base 101 and the end plate are fixed by bolts. The guide rail and the base are fixed on the side close to the stack through a card slot, and the other side of the guide rail is restricted in the card slot by the bolt cover plate 102, and the protruding length of the probe body 201 in the probe mechanism 2 can be adjusted by changing the pressing force of the bolt cover plate 102 to adapt to stacks (or electrolytic cells) of different sizes.

[0111] Embodiment 2: Taking the detection adaptation of a single-cell stack as an example, the device in this embodiment realizes the adaptation through the following steps:

[0112] 1) Adjustment of the guide rail spacing:

[0113] Loosen the bolt cover plate 102, slide the two guide rails 3 inward along the card slot 103 of the fixing base 101 to reduce the guide rail spacing to match the thickness of a single cell of the stack. After tightening the bolts, the guide rail spacing is fixed at 1.5 mm (including a redundant space of 0.3 mm) to ensure the tight fit between the sleeve extension 304 of the probe mechanism 2 and the guide rail groove 303.

[0114] 2) Probe density optimization:

[0115] Since the thickness of a single section is relatively thin, the spacing of the probe mechanism 2 is set to arrange a group of probe bodies 201 every 10 mm. By sliding the position of the probe fixing sleeve 202 in the guide rail groove 303, it is ensured that the central area of the electrode plate of each battery is covered by the probe.

[0116] 3) Contact pressure calibration:

[0117] The stack is lifted by the Z-axis positioning module of the fixture device until the compression amount of the probe spring is 0.8 mm (corresponding to a contact pressure of 2 N), ensuring the stable contact of the probe body 201 on the thin plate, and at the same time avoiding the deformation of the plate caused by excessive compression.

[0118] Combined with the above embodiments, the present invention has been verified through laboratory and pilot production lines and has been successfully applied to various scenarios such as fuel cells and electrolyzers. Actual tests show that the device can work stably in an environment of -20°C to 80°C, the voltage detection accuracy reaches ±0.5 mV, and the impedance phase error is less than 1°, fully meeting the industrial-grade detection standards.

[0119] Those skilled in the art can understand that the above description is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention. The features described in each embodiment and / or claim of the present disclosure can be combined or combined in various ways, even if such combinations or combinations are not explicitly described in the present disclosure. It is not used to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements on some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A voltage and impedance inspection device for a fuel cell stack or electrolyzer, characterized in that Comprising: A fixing mechanism (1), a probe mechanism (2), a guide rail (3), a fixture device, and an inspection control device; Among them, both ends of the fixing mechanism (1) are embedded and connected to the end plates of the anode and cathode of the fuel cell stack or electrolytic cell; the guide rail (3) is horizontally inserted into the fixing mechanism (1), and the guide rail (3) is parallel to the side surface of the fuel cell stack or electrolytic cell; The probe mechanism (2) is slidably arranged in the guide rail (3), the detection end of the probe mechanism (2) is arranged opposite to the fuel cell stack or electrolytic cell, and the protruding length of the detection end of the probe mechanism (2) is adjusted through the fixing mechanism (1) to adapt to fuel cell stacks or electrolytic cells of different sizes; the tail end of the probe mechanism (2) is connected to the inspection control device; The fixture device is fixedly connected to one side of the fixing mechanism (1), and is arranged on the side where the detection end of the probe mechanism (2) points, and is used for placing the fuel cell stack, adjusting the position of the fuel cell stack at different heights, and adjusting and adapting to fuel cell stacks with different flow field sizes.

2. A voltage and impedance inspection device for a fuel cell stack or electrolytic cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fixing mechanism (1) includes: a fixing base (101) and a bolt cover plate (102); There are two fixing bases (101), which are respectively fixedly connected to the end plates of the anode and cathode of the fuel cell stack or electrolytic cell, and an insulating layer is arranged between the fixing base (101) and the end plate; the fixing base (101) is vertically installed on the horizontal plane; Each fixing base (101) is provided with two card slots (103), the shape of the card slots (103) is adapted to the outer contour of the guide rail (3), and the guide rail (3) is inserted into the corresponding card slots (103) of the two fixing bases (101); the guide rail (3) is restricted in the card slots (103) by the bolt cover plate (102), and by changing the pressing force of the bolt cover plate (102) on the guide rail (3) through the bolts connected to the fixing base (101), the protruding length of the probe mechanism (2) is adjusted to adapt to fuel cell stacks or electrolytic cells of different sizes.

3. A voltage and impedance inspection device for a fuel cell stack or electrolytic cell according to claim 1, characterized in that The probe mechanism (2) includes: a probe body (201), a probe fixing sleeve (202), and a limiting platform; Among them, the probe body (201) is a spring probe with a spring built-in, and is used to apply a pressing force to the side surface of the electrolytic cell or fuel cell stack through the detection end (203) of the probe to obtain reliable contact required for voltage and impedance testing; The probe body (201) is inserted into the probe fixing sleeve (202), and the probe tail end (204) is connected to the inspection control device through a signal line; There is a limiting platform in the probe fixing sleeve (202), and the probe body (201) is fixed in the probe fixing sleeve (202) through the limiting platform; The outer contour of the probe fixing sleeve (202) is provided with two parallel protruding sleeve extensions (304), and the sleeve extensions (304) are square or circular.

4. A voltage and impedance inspection device for a fuel cell stack or electrolytic cell according to claim 3, characterized in that The material of the probe fixing sleeve (202) is any one or more of polyether ether ketone, glass fiber reinforced polyamide, phenolic resin, vinyl ester resin, polytetrafluoroethylene, and tetrafluoroethylene-hexafluoropropylene copolymer.

5. A voltage and impedance inspection device for a fuel cell stack or electrolyzer according to claim 3, characterized in that, There are a plurality of probe mechanisms (2), and the number of probe mechanisms on each guide rail is equal; and the spacing between each probe mechanism (2) is adjusted by sliding the probe fixing sleeve (202) within the guide rail (3).

6. The voltage and impedance inspection device for a fuel cell stack or electrolytic cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, There are two guide rails (3), each of which comprises an upper guide rail (301) and a lower guide rail (302) that are symmetrical to each other, and two parallel guide rail grooves (303) are provided in each of the upper guide rail (301) and the lower guide rail (302); The guide rail grooves of the upper guide rail (301) and the lower guide rail (302) are arranged opposite to each other, and a probe mechanism (2) is slidably arranged corresponding to the guide rail grooves of the upper guide rail (301) and the lower guide rail (302).

7. A voltage and impedance inspection device for a fuel cell stack or electrolytic cell according to claim 6, characterized in that, The width between the two guide rail grooves (303) of the guide rail (3) is equal to the width of the sleeve extension (304) on the probe fixing sleeve (202), and the spacing between the two guide rail grooves is equal to the spacing between the sleeve extension (304) on the probe fixing sleeve (202).

8. A voltage and impedance inspection device for a fuel cell stack or electrolytic cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inspection control device is integrated with an inspection control circuit; The inspection control circuit includes: a multiplexer, a differential amplifier, an analog-to-digital converter, a microcontroller, a signal generator, a power amplifier, a current sampling module and a communication interface; The input end of the multiplexer is connected to the signal line of the probe mechanism (2) and is used to switch the voltage signal input channels of different probes; The input end of the differential amplifier is connected to the output end of the multiplexer, and is used to amplify the collected voltage signal and suppress common-mode noise; The input end of the analog-to-digital converter is connected to the output end of the differential amplifier, and the analog voltage signal is converted into a digital signal and then transmitted to the microcontroller; The signal generator is controlled by a microcontroller and outputs an AC excitation signal of a preset frequency to the power amplifier; The output end of the power amplifier is connected to the positive and negative electrodes of the battery stack or electrolytic cell, and is used to inject an alternating current into the battery stack for impedance measurement; The current sampling module includes a sampling resistor and an instrument amplifier, which are connected in series in the excitation circuit, collect current signals and transmit them to the analog-to-digital converter after being amplified by the instrument amplifier; The communication interface is connected to the microcontroller and is used to transmit voltage and impedance data to the host computer.

9. A method for using a voltage and impedance inspection device for a fuel cell stack or electrolytic cell according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, The following steps are involved: S1: Install the fixing mechanism (1): fasten the two fixing bases (101) to the outer sides of the cathode and anode end plates of the stack or electrolyzer by means of bolts, and ensure that the insulating layer between the fixing bases and the end plates is tightly fitted; S2: Adjust the position of the guide rail (3): loosen the bolt cover (102), slide the guide rail (3) along the slot (103) until it is parallel to the side of the battery stack, and then tighten the bolts to align the detection end (203) of the probe mechanism (2) with the voltage collection point of the single cell of the battery stack; S3: Arrange the probe mechanism (2): according to the number and spacing of the battery stack cells, slide the probe fixing sleeve (202) in the guide rail groove (303) to align the detection end (203) of each probe body (201) with the contact area of the cell electrode plate; S4: Fix the stack: Place the stack on the magnetic base of the fixture device, adjust the horizontal position of the stack by moving the positioning module in the Y-axis direction to align the edge of the flow field plate with the probe detection end; lift the stack by moving the positioning module in the Z-axis direction until the compression of the probe spring reaches the preset contact pressure. S5: Start the inspection: Set the voltage / impedance detection mode and parameters through the inspection control device, control the probe mechanism (2) to switch channels in sequence, and the inspection control device detects the voltage and impedance data of each single cell. S6: Data analysis: The host computer receives the detection data, draws the voltage distribution curve and impedance spectrogram, identifies the abnormal single cells and generates a diagnostic report.

10. The method of using a voltage and impedance inspection device for a fuel cell stack or electrolytic cell according to claim 9, characterized in that, The inspection control device detects the voltage and impedance data of each single cell, and the specific detection method is as follows: S1-1: Initialize the multiplexer channel and select the target probe. S1-2: Collect the voltage of the target single cell through the differential amplifier and ADC. S1-3: Switch to the impedance detection mode, and the microcontroller controls the signal generator to output a swept-frequency signal to drive the stack through the power amplifier. S1-4: Synchronously collect the current signal of the current sampling module and the voltage response signal of the corresponding probe. S1-5: Calculate the impedance amplitude and phase through fast Fourier transform to generate an impedance spectrum. S1-6: Repeat S1-1 to S1-5 until all single cells are detected, and upload the data through the communication interface.

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