Halbach array-based permanent magnet arrangement optimization design method for permanent magnet damper

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of automobile wheel vibration reduction, in particular to a Halbach array-based permanent magnet vibration damper permanent magnet arrangement optimization design method, which comprises the following steps of S1, designing an arrangement model of permanent magnets in a permanent magnet vibration damper, S2, analyzing the influence of the bearing capacity of the permanent magnet vibration damper model along with the change of the distance between the upper permanent magnet and the lower permanent magnet under different combinations, s3, analyzing the influence of the permanent magnet damper models on the uniformity of the magnetic field of the permanent magnet damper under different combinations, and S4, based on the analysis results of the S2 and S3, selecting the combination with the best performance for arrangement, manufacturing a real object of the permanent magnet damper, and verifying the simulation result. According to the invention, the Halbach array is applied to the arrangement of the permanent magnets in the permanent magnet shock absorber, and the array can effectively improve the bearing capacity and the shock absorption capacity of the shock absorber under the same magnet material, size and space; through mutual verification of simulation and experiment results, the reliability of the simulation result is improved, and the experiment cost is saved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of automotive wheel damping, and specifically to an optimized design method for the arrangement of permanent magnets of a permanent magnet damper based on a Halbach array. Background Art

[0002] A permanent magnet damper is a device that utilizes the characteristics of permanent magnet materials to absorb and isolate vibration energy. It can effectively reduce vibrations and noises caused by road unevenness or engine vibrations during vehicle driving, thereby improving ride comfort and vehicle handling stability. However, the installation space of the permanent magnet damper on the vehicle is limited. How to increase its damping performance without increasing the space is one of the future optimization directions of the permanent magnet damper. Further optimizing the arrangement of permanent magnets through a Halbach array and combining simulation with experiments can effectively improve the design efficiency and reduce the optimization cost. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention proposes an optimized design method for the arrangement of permanent magnets of a permanent magnet damper based on a Halbach array.

[0004] The technical problems to be solved by the present invention are realized by adopting the following technical solutions:

[0005] An optimized design method for the arrangement of permanent magnets of a permanent magnet damper based on a Halbach array includes the following steps:

[0006] S1: Design the arrangement model of permanent magnets in the permanent magnet damper, apply Halbach arrays with different magnetization angles to different models, conduct magnetic field simulation on them, obtain the magnetic field change rules of the permanent magnet damper under different models and different magnetization angles in the combination, and compare with the traditional magnetization model;

[0007] S2: Conduct simulation according to the combination obtained in S1, analyze the influence of the bearing capacity of the permanent magnet damper model under different combinations on the change of the distance between the upper and lower permanent magnets, and compare with the traditional magnetization model;

[0008] S3: Conduct simulation according to the combination obtained in S1, analyze the influence of different combinations on the magnetic field uniformity of the permanent magnet damper model, and compare with the traditional magnetization model;

[0009] S4: Based on the analysis results of S2 and S3, according to the working performance requirements of the permanent magnet damper, select the combination with the best performance for arrangement, manufacture a physical permanent magnet damper, and conduct corresponding magnetic force and bearing capacity tests to verify the simulation results.

[0010] As a further improvement of the present invention, the permanent magnet arrangement model in S1 includes a uniform tile-shaped permanent magnet model and a non-uniform tile-shaped permanent magnet model.

[0011] As a further improvement of the present invention, the central angle of the large permanent magnet in the non-uniform tile-shaped permanent magnet model is twice that of the small permanent magnet.

[0012] As a further improvement of the present invention, the shape of the permanent magnet in the traditional magnetization model in S1 is an annular permanent magnet, and the magnetization direction is vertical magnetization, without using a Halbach array for magnetization.

[0013] As a further improvement of the present invention, the grades and thickness parameters of the permanent magnets in all models in S1 are exactly the same.

[0014] As a further improvement of the present invention, the magnetization angles of the Halbach arrays in S1 include Halbach30°, Halbach60°, and Halbach90°.

[0015] As a further improvement of the present invention, the specific process of the corresponding magnetic force and bearing capacity tests in S4 is as follows: Place the fixed base on a flat ground, then fix the permanent magnet shock absorber on the fixed base with screws, gradually add counterweight blocks with known weights on the upper plane of the permanent magnet shock absorber and record the distance between the upper and lower permanent magnets in real time, and compare the experimental data with the simulation data.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0017] The present invention provides an optimized design method for the permanent magnet arrangement of a permanent magnet shock absorber based on a Halbach array. By applying the Halbach array to the internal permanent magnet arrangement of the permanent magnet shock absorber, this array can effectively improve the bearing capacity and shock absorption ability of the shock absorber under the same magnet material, size, and space; through simulation and analysis, the influence of different models and different Halbach arrays on the shock absorption effect of the permanent magnet shock absorber is analyzed, and the differences between different Halbach magnetization angles are compared. On this basis, the influence of different Halbach arrays on the magnetic field uniformity of the permanent magnet model is analyzed; through the mutual verification of simulation and experimental results, the reliability of the simulation results is increased and the experimental cost is saved. Description of the Drawings

[0018] The following further illustrates the present invention in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments:

[0019] Figure 1 is the flow chart of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 is the permanent magnet simulation model;

[0021] Figure 3 is the magnetic field distribution of the permanent magnet with radial magnetization in the traditional magnetization model;

[0022] Figure 4For the magnetic field distribution of the permanent magnet of the uniform tile-shaped permanent magnet model with Halbach 30°;

[0023] Figure 5 For the magnetic field distribution of the permanent magnet of the uniform tile-shaped permanent magnet model with Halbach 60°;

[0024] Figure 6 For the magnetic field distribution of the permanent magnet of the uniform tile-shaped permanent magnet model with Halbach 90°;

[0025] Figure 7 For the magnetic field distribution of the permanent magnet of the non-uniform tile-shaped permanent magnet model with Halbach 30°;

[0026] Figure 8 For the magnetic field distribution of the permanent magnet of the non-uniform tile-shaped permanent magnet model with Halbach 60°;

[0027] Figure 9 For the magnetic field distribution of the permanent magnet of the non-uniform tile-shaped permanent magnet model with Halbach 90°;

[0028] Figure 10 For the variation of the bearing capacity of the permanent magnet shock absorber with the spacing under different models and Halbach arrays;

[0029] Figure 11 For the variation of the magnetic field uniformity of the permanent magnet shock absorber of the uniform tile-shaped permanent magnet model under Halbach 30°;

[0030] Figure 12 For the variation of the magnetic field uniformity of the permanent magnet shock absorber of the uniform tile-shaped permanent magnet model under Halbach 60°;

[0031] Figure 13 For the variation of the magnetic field uniformity of the permanent magnet shock absorber of the uniform tile-shaped permanent magnet model under Halbach 90°;

[0032] Figure 14 For the variation of the magnetic field uniformity of the permanent magnet shock absorber of the non-uniform tile-shaped permanent magnet model under Halbach 30°;

[0033] Figure 15 For the variation of the magnetic field uniformity of the permanent magnet shock absorber of the non-uniform tile-shaped permanent magnet model under Halbach 60°;

[0034] Figure 16 For the variation of the magnetic field uniformity of the permanent magnet shock absorber of the non-uniform tile-shaped permanent magnet model under Halbach 90°;

[0035] Figure 17 For the bearing capacity test of the permanent magnet shock absorber of the uniform tile-shaped permanent magnet model under the Halbach 90° array;

[0036] Figure 18 Comparison of the test results and simulation results of a permanent magnet shock absorber under a Halbach 90° array for a uniform tile-shaped permanent magnet model. Specific implementation manners

[0037] In order to make the technical means, creative features, achieved purposes and effects of the present invention easy to understand, the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0038] The Halbach array is a special magnet arrangement. This array is completely composed of rare earth permanent magnet materials. By precisely rotating the magnetization direction of each magnet in a series of magnets, the magnetic field strength in a specific direction can be enhanced, making the magnetic field concentrated on one side and weakened or almost zero on the other side. The goal is to generate the strongest magnetic field with the least amount of magnets. For a permanent magnet shock absorber, its bearing capacity is mainly provided by the repulsive force between permanent magnets. Therefore, the magnetic field should be concentrated between the upper and lower permanent magnets.

[0039] As Figure 1 shown, an optimized design method for the permanent magnet arrangement of a permanent magnet shock absorber based on the Halbach array includes the following steps:

[0040] S1: Design the arrangement model of the permanent magnets in the permanent magnet shock absorber, apply Halbach arrays with different magnetization angles to different models, conduct magnetic field simulation on them, obtain the magnetic field change rules of the permanent magnet shock absorber under different models and different magnetization angles in combination, and compare with the traditional magnetization model.

[0041] In order to more intuitively observe the advantages of the Halbach array of permanent magnets, two-dimensional models of permanent magnets under different combinations are established respectively. Model 1: Uniform tile-shaped permanent magnet model; Model 2: Non-uniform tile-shaped permanent magnet model. The permanent magnet grades of each model are exactly the same, and their dimensions are shown in Table 1.

[0042] Table 1 Dimension parameters of the two-dimensional model of the permanent magnet of different models

[0043]

[0044] The shape of the permanent magnet in the traditional magnetization model in S1 is a ring-shaped permanent magnet, and the magnetization direction is up and down magnetization, without using the Halbach array for magnetization. The magnetization angles of the Halbach array in S1 include Halbach 30°, Halbach 60°, and Halbach 90°. When conducting simulation analysis on it in the finite element software, a body coordinate system is established on each permanent magnet, and each permanent magnet is magnetized separately according to different Halbach angle changes.

[0045] Analyze the magnetic field distribution of permanent magnets under different combinations. From Figure 2 It can be concluded that compared with the traditional radial magnetization method, using a Halbach array of permanent magnets can concentrate the magnetic field intensity on one side. And as the magnetization angle increases, the magnetic field outside the permanent magnet becomes larger. In addition, it is not difficult to find that the magnetic field intensity of the Halbach array is significantly greater than that of the traditional magnetization model, which means that without changing the permanent magnet material and size, only by changing the magnetic field arrangement of the permanent magnet, a better magnetic field condition than the traditional magnetization model can be obtained. And as the size of the permanent magnet in the uneven tile-shaped permanent magnet model changes, when the central angle ratio between permanent magnets is 2:1, the magnetic field intensity outside is larger and the influence range is larger. Therefore, changing the size ratio between permanent magnets can also enhance the circumferential magnetic field intensity to a certain extent.

[0046] Specifically, there are 7 kinds of Halbach combinations for the permanent magnet damper, as shown in Table 2.

[0047] Table 2 Combinations of Halbach array simulation models for permanent magnet dampers

[0048]

[0049] S2: Perform simulations according to the combinations obtained in S1, analyze the influence of the bearing capacity of the permanent magnet damper model under different combinations on the change of the distance between the upper and lower permanent magnets, and compare it with the traditional magnetization model.

[0050] Specifically, the Halbach array of permanent magnets has a great influence on the bearing capacity of the permanent magnet damper. See Figures 3 to 9 . Except for the Halbach 30° magnetization array of the uneven tile-shaped permanent magnet model, the bearing capacity of the Halbach magnetization angle of the other models is greater than that of the traditional magnetization model, and it increases with the decrease of the distance between the upper and lower permanent magnets. Comparing the bearing capacity of the two models under different Halbach arrays, it can be seen that the bearing capacity of the uniform tile-shaped permanent magnet model is better than that of the uneven tile-shaped permanent magnet model when the Halbach is 30°, 60°, and 90°. Among them, the maximum bearing capacity of the uniform tile-shaped permanent magnet model performs best when magnetized at Halbach 90°, and the average bearing capacity is greater than that of the traditional magnetization model at a distance of 5 mm to 65 mm.

[0051] S3: Perform simulations according to the combinations obtained in S1, analyze the influence of different combinations on the magnetic field uniformity of the permanent magnet damper model, and compare it with the traditional magnetization model.

[0052] Specifically, the Halbach array of permanent magnets has a great influence on the magnetic field uniformity of the permanent magnet damper. See Figures 10 to 16。Compare the Halbach magnetization angles in the two models. The larger magnetic field is mainly concentrated at the junction of the permanent magnets, and the larger the Halbach magnetization angle, the more uniform the magnetic field. Compare the two models under the Halbach 90° array. Obviously, the magnetic field of the uniform trapezoidal permanent magnet model is more uniform than that of the non-uniform trapezoidal permanent magnet model.

[0053] S4: Based on the analysis results of S2 and S3, according to the working performance requirements of the permanent magnet shock absorber, select the combination with the best performance for arrangement, manufacture the physical object of the permanent magnet shock absorber, and conduct corresponding magnetic force and bearing capacity tests to verify the simulation results.

[0054] Specifically, based on the analysis results of S2 and S3, it can be concluded that the uniform trapezoidal permanent magnet model has the best performance under the Halbach 90° array. Use this permanent magnet model to manufacture the physical object of the permanent magnet shock absorber, conduct a bearing capacity test on the physical object, and verify the simulation results.

[0055] The specific process of the corresponding magnetic force and bearing capacity tests is as follows: Place the fixed base on a flat ground, then fix the permanent magnet shock absorber on the fixed base with screws. Gradually add counterweight blocks with known weights on the upper plane of the permanent magnet shock absorber and record the distance between the upper and lower permanent magnets in real time. Compare the experimental data with the simulation data. The test is as Figure 17 shown.

[0056] For verifying the simulation results, see Figure 18 。As the distance between the two magnets decreases, the bearing capacity of all curves shows an upward trend. The curve of the experimental results of the bearing capacity of the Halbach 90° magnetization method of the uniform trapezoidal permanent magnet model almost coincides with the simulation result curve. It can be seen from the curve that the difference between the simulation result and the experimental result is the largest at 25 mm, and the error is about 6.0%, which is within the allowable error range. The bearing capacity of the Halbach 90° magnetization array of the uniform trapezoidal permanent magnet model is the best among other magnetization arrays and models.

[0057] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art of this industry should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above embodiments. What is described in the above embodiments and the specification is only the principle of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention will have various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the present invention claimed. The scope of protection claimed by the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An optimized design method for the arrangement of permanent magnets of a permanent magnet shock absorber based on a Halbach array, characterized in that: It includes the following steps: S1: Design the arrangement model of permanent magnets in the permanent magnet damper, apply Halbach arrays with different magnetization angles to different models, conduct magnetic field simulation on them, obtain the magnetic field variation laws of the permanent magnet damper under different models and different magnetization angles in the combination, and compare with the traditional magnetization model; S2: Conduct simulation according to the combination obtained in S1, analyze the influence of the bearing capacity of the permanent magnet damper model under different combinations on the variation of the distance between the upper and lower permanent magnets, and compare with the traditional magnetization model; S3: Conduct simulation according to the combination obtained in S1, analyze the influence of the permanent magnet damper model under different combinations on the magnetic field uniformity of the permanent magnet damper, and compare with the traditional magnetization model; S4: Based on the analysis results of S2 and S3, according to the working performance requirements of the permanent magnet damper, select the combination with the best performance for arrangement, manufacture the physical object of the permanent magnet damper, conduct corresponding magnetic force and bearing capacity tests, and verify the simulation results.

2. The optimized design method for the permanent magnet arrangement of a permanent magnet shock absorber based on a Halbach array according to claim 1, wherein: The permanent magnet arrangement model in S1 includes a uniform tile-shaped permanent magnet model and a non-uniform tile-shaped permanent magnet model.

3. A method for optimizing the permanent magnet arrangement of a permanent magnet shock absorber based on a Halbach array according to claim 2, characterized in that: In the non-uniform tile-shaped permanent magnet model, the central angle of the large permanent magnet is twice that of the small permanent magnet.

4. A method for optimizing the arrangement of permanent magnets of a permanent magnet shock absorber based on a Halbach array according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shape of the permanent magnet in the traditional magnetization model in S1 is a ring-shaped permanent magnet, the magnetization direction is up and down magnetization, and the Halbach array is not used for magnetization.

5. A method for optimizing the arrangement of permanent magnets in a permanent magnet shock absorber based on a Halbach array according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grades and thickness parameters of the permanent magnets in all models in S1 are exactly the same.

6. The optimized design method for the permanent magnet arrangement of a permanent magnet shock absorber based on a Halbach array according to claim 1, wherein: The magnetization angles of the Halbach array in S1 include Halbach30°, Halbach60°, and Halbach90°.

7. A method for optimizing the arrangement of permanent magnets in a permanent magnet shock absorber based on a Halbach array according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific processes of the corresponding magnetic force and bearing capacity tests in S4 are as follows: Place the fixed base on a flat ground, then fix the permanent magnet damper on the fixed base with screws, gradually add counterweight blocks with known weights on the upper plane of the permanent magnet damper and record the distance between the upper and lower permanent magnets in real time, and compare the experimental data with the simulation data.

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