Parameterization design method of superplastic forming equipment heating platform device based on SolidWorks

Abstract

The invention discloses a parameterization design method of a superplastic forming equipment heating platform device based on SolidWorks, and the method comprises the steps: a layered composite structure is composed of a heating layer, a ceramic layer and a heat insulation layer in sequence from top to bottom; the surface of the heating layer is provided with a plurality of through holes for mounting heating pipes, and is provided with a T-shaped groove for hanging a mold; the ceramic layer is composed of a plurality of ceramic tiles and ceramic plates, a protective fence is arranged on the outer ring of the ceramic layer, and high-temperature-resistant fiber cloth is laid between the ceramic layer and the heating layer. The heat insulation layer comprises a heat insulation plate and a water cooling plate, and a cooling water channel is arranged in the water cooling plate; the connecting structure is used for connecting all the layers through a first deformation high-temperature alloy bolt and a second deformation high-temperature alloy bolt, and the bolts penetrate through the ceramic layer, the heat insulation plate and the water cooling plate to be fixed to the workbench. According to the method, full-process automation of design can be realized, the design working hours are shortened, the design change response time is shortened, and the development cycle of serialized products is shortened, so that the efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of software design, and particularly to a parametric design method for a heating platform device of a superplastic forming equipment based on SolidWorks. Background Art

[0002] As an advanced manufacturing process, the superplastic forming technology has important applications in high-end manufacturing fields such as aerospace, especially in the manufacture of difficult-to-machine parts such as titanium alloys. By heating up to utilize the superplastic properties of materials, the superplastic forming process can easily manufacture complex curved surfaces and high-precision panel parts, breaking through the limitations of traditional processes, and having the advantages of manufacturing complex shapes, improving material utilization rate, reducing weight and enhancing load-bearing capacity.

[0003] There are many problems in the design of the heating platform for difficult-to-machine materials such as titanium alloys in existing superplastic forming equipment: the traditional heating platform design method relies on manual modeling, resulting in low design efficiency; the temperature control accuracy is difficult to meet the requirements, especially in the superplastic forming of titanium alloys, and it cannot meet the strict requirements for temperature uniformity; in a high-temperature environment, the structural stability is poor and the thermal expansion compensation is insufficient; the equipment maintenance and replacement costs are high, and the downtime is long.

[0004] The design method of superplastic forming equipment lacks systematicness and standardization and is difficult to meet the needs of different specifications. The secondary development of SolidWorks shows significant technical advantages in the engineering field. It can perform parametric modeling and expand the functions of the software through a programming interface (API). Its core lies in transforming design rules into adjustable mathematical parameters and constructing an intelligent drive model. The temperature requirements for the hot forming of titanium alloys are relatively high, and at the same time, the shapes and sizes of titanium alloys are diverse. The use of parametric design allows designers to flexibly change the size and scale of the model by adjusting parameters, thereby achieving rapid modification and optimization of the design scheme, greatly simplifying the design process and improving work efficiency. Its core lies in the constrained modeling process, that is, the designer first gives the platform temperature and size requirements, and then uses dimensional parameters to accurately constrain these models to ensure the accuracy of their shape, thickness, and the number and size of openings. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to solve the technical problems existing in the background art, the present invention proposes a parametric design method for a heating platform device of a superplastic forming equipment based on SolidWorks.

[0006] The parametric design method of the heating platform device of the superplastic forming equipment based on SolidWorks proposed by the present invention includes: a layered composite structure, which is composed of a heating layer, a ceramic layer, and a heat insulation layer from top to bottom in sequence; a plurality of through holes are opened on the surface of the heating layer for installing heating tubes, and T-shaped grooves are provided for hanging molds; the ceramic layer is composed of multiple ceramic tiles and ceramic plates, and a protective fence is provided on the outer circle. A high-temperature resistant fiber cloth is laid between the ceramic layer and the heating layer; the heat insulation layer includes a heat insulation board and a water-cooled board, and a cooling water channel is arranged inside the water-cooled board; a connection structure, which connects each layer through a first deformed superalloy bolt and a second deformed superalloy bolt, and the bolts pass through the ceramic layer, the heat insulation board, and the water-cooled board and are fixed to the workbench; a parametric design system, which is developed based on SolidWorks secondary development, constructs an interactive interface through VBA / C#, dynamically binds the dimension and temperature threshold parameters to the 3D feature tree, and automatically generates engineering drawings and simulation models.

[0007] Preferably, the heating layer is made of heat-resistant alloy steel and is divided into five sub-blocks for design, and gaps are reserved between the five sub-blocks to compensate for high-temperature linear expansion.

[0008] Preferably, the heating layer is provided with a plurality of heating tubes, the wiring of the heating tubes is pluggable, and an independent circulating air-cooling channel is provided at the joint end of the heating tubes.

[0009] Preferably, the heating layer includes a plurality of independent heating areas and a plurality of independent temperature measurement points, the highest working temperature is 1050 °C, the steady-state surface temperature uniformity is ≤ ±10 °C, and the heating rate is 50 - 100 °C / h.

[0010] Preferably, the ceramic tiles of the ceramic layer are made of ceramics with a low coefficient of thermal expansion, the gap between sub-blocks is filled with silica nano-aerogel material, and the expansion of the outer ceramic tiles is restricted by the protective fence.

[0011] Preferably, a stainless steel water-cooled heat insulation layer is arranged between the water-cooled board of the heat insulation layer and the ceramic layer, and a plurality of cooling water channels are arranged along the front and back directions of the machine tool.

[0012] Preferably, a butterfly spring pre-tightening bolt is adopted in the connection structure to adapt to thermal expansion deformation, and two bolt holes are reserved at each of the left and right ends of the heating platform.

[0013] Preferably, the parametric design system calculates the sheet thickness and hole position coordinates through an internal algorithm, drives the real-time update of the 3D model, generates engineering drawings that meet the GB / ISO standards, and the device is verified by COMSOL Multiphysics 6.2 simulation. The deformation of the platform is less than 0.5 mm, and the structural stability retention rate is ≥ 95% after 5000 hours of thermal cycling.

[0014] Preferably, it further includes the following steps:

[0015] S1. Parameter dynamic binding;

[0016] Dynamically bind the key design parameters of the heating platform to the feature tree of the SolidWorks 3D model to ensure that parameter changes are automatically synchronized to the model structure;

[0017] S2. Automated modeling and calculation;

[0018] After the user inputs the basic parameters, the system automatically derives key data such as the sheet thickness and hole position coordinates through built-in algorithms and drives the 3D model to update in real time;

[0019] S3. Automatic generation of drawings and models;

[0020] After modifying the parameters, SolidWorks automatically generates the updated 2D engineering drawing and 3D model of the heating platform, achieving a rapid response to design changes;

[0021] S4. Simulation verification and optimization;

[0022] Export the modified model as a STEP format, import it into COMSOL Multiphysics 6.2 for thermodynamic simulation, and optimize the design parameters according to the simulation results.

[0023] The parametric design method of the heating platform device of the superplastic forming equipment based on SolidWorks proposed by the present invention has the following advantages:

[0024] 1. Significantly improved design efficiency; Through SolidWorks parametric design and secondary development technology, the entire design process is automated. The design man-hours are reduced from 120 hours to 18 hours, the design change response time is reduced by 90%, and the development cycle of serialized products is shortened by 70%. The built-in algorithm automatically derives key parameters (such as sheet thickness and hole position coordinates), and the design error rate is reduced from 12% to 1.5%.

[0025] 2. Optimization of temperature control accuracy and uniformity; Independent temperature control in different regions (15 heating zones + 15 temperature measurement points). Under steady state, the surface temperature uniformity of the metal platform is ≤ ±10°C (the traditional scheme is ±15°C), and the heating rate is stable at 50 - 100°C / h. The ceramic layer is designed in blocks and filled with nano-aerogel to reduce heat diffusion. Combined with the water-cooled heat insulation layer (304 stainless steel + cooling channels), the overall heat loss is reduced by 65%.

[0026] 3. Enhanced high-temperature structural stability; the heating layer adopts a segmented design (5 segments, with gap compensation for thermal expansion) and butterfly spring pre-tightened bolts (reserving expansion gaps), enabling the platform to have a thermal deformation of ≤0.5 mm at 1050°C (the traditional solution is 2.0 mm). The ceramic layer uses a low-expansion coefficient material + guardrail limit, reducing the risk of fragmentation by 80% and extending the service life from 5000 hours to 6000 hours.

[0027] 4. Reduced equipment maintenance costs; the modular layered structure (heating / ceramic / insulation layer) and the pluggable heating tube design eliminate the need for overall disassembly when replacing components, reducing the maintenance downtime by 60%. The anti-corrosion design of the water-cooled plate + optimization of the circulating water channel prevent heat transfer to the main unit and extend the equipment life.

[0028] 5. Improved forming quality and process stability; the thermal deformation of the heating platform is extremely small (<0.5 mm), the welding rate is increased from 80% to over 90%, and the forming accuracy compliance rate is increased to over 80%. Through COMSOL Multiphysics 6.2 simulation verification, the structural stability retention rate of the platform remains ≥95% after 5000 hours of thermal cycling, meeting the high-precision forming requirements of complex titanium alloy parts. Description of the Drawings

[0029] Figure 1 Is the top view of the heating device;

[0030] Figure 2 Is the front view of the heating device;

[0031] Figure 3 Is the half-sectional view of the heating device;

[0032] Figure 4 Is the bolt feature diagram of the heating device;

[0033] Figure 5 Is the detailed view of the heating layer of the heating device;

[0034] Figure 6 Is the regional control diagram of the heating platform;

[0035] Figure 7 Is the dimensional database of each component of the heating platform;

[0036] Figure 8 Is the flow chart of parameter design and simulation optimization of the heating platform;

[0037] Figure 9 Is the simplified heating platform heating rate simulation diagram based on COMSOL Multiphysics 6.2 simulation software;

[0038] Figure 10 Is the part drawing processed by the superplastic forming equipment;

[0039] Figure 11 It is the standardized dimension series drawing of the platform module;

[0040] Figure 12 It is the detailed parameter drawing of the heating layer;

[0041] Figure 13 It is the detailed parameter drawing of the ceramic layer;

[0042] Figure 14 It is the detailed parameter drawing of the heat insulation layer;

[0043] Figure 15 It is the parameter drawing of the connecting piece;

[0044] Figure 16 It is the drawing of the relationship between material parameters and temperature;

[0045] Figure 17 It is the drawing of the parameter correlation formula;

[0046] Figure 18 It is the parameter mapping drawing of SolidWorks API.

[0047] In the figure: 1 guardrail, 2 ceramic plate, 3 heating layer, 5 first deformed superalloy bolt, 6 ceramic tile, 7 heating tube, 8 second deformed superalloy bolt, 9 heat insulation plate, 10 water-cooled plate, 11 disc spring, 12 through hole, 13 T-shaped groove, 16 pre-tightening bolt. Specific implementation mode

[0048] Refer to Figure 1-18 , the present invention proposes a parametric design method for the heating platform device of the superplastic forming equipment based on SolidWorks, including:

[0049] A layered composite structure, which is composed of a heating layer, a ceramic layer and a heat insulation layer from top to bottom in sequence;

[0050] A plurality of through holes 12 are opened on the surface of the heating layer for installing the heating tube 7, and a T-shaped groove 13 is provided for hanging the mold;

[0051] The ceramic layer is composed of multiple ceramic tiles 6 and a ceramic plate 2, and a guardrail 1 is arranged on the outer circle. A high-temperature resistant fiber cloth is laid between the ceramic layer and the heating layer;

[0052] The heat insulation layer includes a heat insulation plate 9 and a water-cooled plate 10, and a cooling water channel is arranged inside the water-cooled plate;

[0053] A connection structure, which connects each layer through the first deformed superalloy bolt 5 and the second deformed superalloy bolt 8. The bolts pass through the ceramic layer, the heat insulation plate and the water-cooled plate and are fixed to the workbench;

[0054] The parametric design system is developed based on SolidWorks secondary development. An interactive interface is built through VBA / C#. The size and temperature threshold parameters are dynamically bound to the 3D feature tree, and engineering drawings and simulation models are automatically generated.

[0055] The heating layer is made of heat-resistant alloy steel and is divided into five sub-blocks. A gap is reserved between the five sub-blocks to compensate for high-temperature linear expansion.

[0056] The heating layer is provided with a plurality of heating tubes 7. The wiring of the heating tubes is pluggable. The joint end of the heating tube 7 is equipped with an independent circulating air-cooling channel.

[0057] The heating layer includes a plurality of independent heating areas and a plurality of independent temperature measurement points. The maximum working temperature is 1050°C, the steady-state surface temperature uniformity is ≤±10°C, and the heating rate is 50-100°C / h.

[0058] The ceramic tiles 6 of the ceramic layer are made of ceramics with a low coefficient of thermal expansion. The block gaps are filled with silica nanoscale aerogel materials, and the expansion of the outer ceramic tiles is restricted by the guardrail 1.

[0059] A stainless-steel water-cooled heat-insulating layer is arranged between the water-cooled plate 10 of the heat-insulating layer and the ceramic layer, and a plurality of cooling water channels are arranged along the front and back directions of the machine tool.

[0060] In the connection structure, a disc spring 11 is used to pre-tighten the bolt 16 to adapt to thermal expansion deformation. Two bolt holes are reserved at each of the left and right ends of the heating platform.

[0061] The parametric design system calculates the plate thickness and hole position coordinates through built-in algorithms and drives the real-time update of the 3D model to generate engineering drawings that meet the GB / ISO standards. The device is verified by COMSOL Multiphysics 6.2 simulation. The deformation of the platform is less than 0.5mm, and the structural stability retention rate is ≥95% after 5000 hours of thermal cycling.

[0062] It also includes the following steps:

[0063] S1. Parameter dynamic binding;

[0064] Dynamically bind the key design parameters of the heating platform to the feature tree of the SolidWorks 3D model to ensure that parameter changes are automatically synchronized to the model structure;

[0065] S2. Automatic modeling and calculation;

[0066] After the user inputs the basic parameters, the system automatically derives key data such as the plate thickness and hole position coordinates through built-in algorithms and drives the real-time update of the 3D model;

[0067] S3. Automatic generation of drawings and models;

[0068] After modifying the parameters, SolidWorks automatically generates the updated 2D engineering drawing and 3D model of the heating platform, achieving a rapid response to design changes;

[0069] S4. Simulation verification and optimization;

[0070] Export the modified model in STEP format and import it into COMSOL Multiphysics 6.2 for thermodynamic simulation, and optimize the design parameters according to the simulation results;

[0071] In the present invention, the heating layer is made of heat-resistant alloy steel, which has better creep resistance and thermal stability and can operate stably for a long time under the working conditions of repeated thermal cycles and compression. The heating platform is mostly connected by deformed superalloy spirals. Light holes are reserved on the parts passed through in the middle. This solution can ensure reliable connection between the equipment platform and the machine tool body, facilitate maintenance and component replacement. T-shaped grooves are opened on the heating layer for hanging molds. This solution can ensure the dimensional accuracy of the T-shaped grooves during the long-term use of the metal platform, and at the same time contribute to the stability of the thermal field, avoiding problems such as the inability to install the pressure plate bolts and uneven temperature of the heating platform. The heating platform is surrounded by ceramic tiles on all sides to prevent heat from spreading to the surroundings, and at the same time forms a heating chamber in combination with the heat preservation door. Two bolt holes are reserved at each end of the heating platform in the left-right direction, and a butterfly spring is used for pre-tightening to adapt to thermal expansion. To ensure the position accuracy of the heating platform during service, the heating platform is composed of five metal heating blocks and adopts a segmented design. Enough gaps are left between each block to compensate for the linear expansion generated by the high temperature of the heating platform and prevent the platform from being extruded and deformed due to high-temperature expansion. Each metal heating block is provided with 12 heating tubes, and a single heating platform contains 60 heating tubes to meet the equipment heating rate requirements. Each heating layer has 15 independent heating zones and 15 independent temperature measurement points to ensure safe operation and uniform temperature in the heating chamber. The maximum working temperature of the heating layer is 1050 °C, the heating rate range is 50-100 °C / h, the temperature difference between different regions of the metal during heating is ≤50 °C, and the surface temperature uniformity of the heating layer under steady state is ≤±10 °C. The wiring method of the heating tubes laid on the heating platform is pluggable, and the joint end is equipped with an independent circulating air-cooling channel to effectively reduce the temperature at the joint. The heating tubes have quick replaceability and can be directly drawn out from the heating layer after removing the outer shell cover without disassembling other platform components. Low-thermal-expansion ceramics are selected as the ceramic layer, and the ceramic layer adopts a segmented design to avoid the fragmentation of ceramic tiles and linear thermal expansion factors. The intermediate reserved gap is filled with silica nano-aerogel material. There is a 100-mm 304 stainless steel water-cooled heat insulation layer between the ceramic layer and the machine tool platform. There are multiple cooling water channels along the front and back directions of the machine tool. The cooling water circulation starts before heating and ends after heating to prevent heat from being transferred to the machine tool slider and workbench and ensure that the main body of the machine tool does not deform due to high temperature. Compared with the traditional CAD manual modeling, the present invention adopts SolidWorks parametric design + VBA / C# secondary development. To complete the design of a set of heating platforms by the traditional design method requires 120 man-hours, while this solution only requires 18 man-hours. The design change response time is reduced from 48 hours to 4 hours, and the design efficiency is increased by about 85%. The modification cycle is shortened by about 90%. The key parameters of the heating platform are dynamically bound to the 3D feature tree, and parameter changes are automatically transmitted to ensure design consistency. At the same time, the built-in algorithm automatically derives associated parameters, and the design error rate is reduced from 12% to 1.5%, improving design accuracy. Based on continuous modification, a parameter family can be established to support the rapid design of serialized products, and the product development cycle is shortened by about 70%.The present invention is composed of three layers: a heating layer, a ceramic layer, and a heat insulation layer. The temperature control accuracy is increased by 3 times, and the heat loss is reduced by about 65%. Heat-resistant alloy steel, ceramics with low coefficient of thermal expansion, and water-cooled plates are selected as materials respectively. It has a large working temperature range and the service life can be extended by 2 times. The heating platform adopts zone control, including 15 independent heating zones, and the temperature uniformity is improved to within ±5°C, while the original solution was ±15°C. The present invention adopts a connection method with deformed high-temperature alloy bolts and a pre-tightening structure of disc springs, and the connection reliability is increased by 30%, and the thermal cycle stability is significantly enhanced. After working for 5000 hours, the deformation of the platform is less than 0.5mm, while the deformation of the traditional solution can reach 2.0mm. In the thermal expansion compensation design of the present invention, block design is adopted, gaps are reserved between layers, and disc springs are used for pre-tightening, which reduces the high-temperature deformation by about 25% and doubles the positioning accuracy. The ceramic layer adopts a block ceramic design and is filled with silica nano-aerogel, reducing the risk of ceramic fragmentation by 80%, and the service life of the ceramic layer is increased from the original 5000 hours to 6000 hours.

[0072] The above is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, according to the technical solution of the present invention and its inventive concept, makes equivalent substitutions or changes, and should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A parametric design method for the heating platform device of a superplastic forming equipment based on SolidWorks, characterized in that, Comprising: A layered composite structure, which is composed of a heating layer, a ceramic layer and a heat insulation layer from top to bottom in sequence; Multiple through holes (12) are formed on the surface of the heating layer for installing heating tubes (7), and a T-shaped groove (13) is provided for hanging a mold; The ceramic layer is composed of multiple ceramic bricks (6) and a ceramic plate (2), and a protective fence (1) is arranged on the outer circle. A high-temperature resistant fiber cloth is laid between the ceramic layer and the heating layer; The heat insulation layer includes a heat insulation plate (9) and a water-cooling plate (10), and a cooling water channel is arranged inside the water-cooling plate; A connection structure, which connects each layer through a first deformed high-temperature alloy bolt (5) and a second deformed high-temperature alloy bolt (8), and the bolts pass through the ceramic layer, the heat insulation plate and the water-cooling plate and are fixed to the workbench; A parametric design system, which is developed based on SolidWorks secondary development, constructs an interactive interface through VBA / C#, dynamically binds dimension and temperature threshold parameters to the three-dimensional feature tree, and automatically generates engineering drawings and simulation models.

2. The parametric design method of the heating platform device of the superplastic forming equipment based on SolidWorks according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heating layer is made of heat-resistant alloy steel and is divided into five sub-block designs. A gap is reserved between the five sub-blocks to compensate for high-temperature linear expansion.

3. The parametric design method of the heating platform device of the superplastic forming equipment based on SolidWorks according to claim 2, characterized in that, The heating layer is provided with multiple heating tubes (7), the wiring of the heating tubes is pluggable, and an independent circulating air-cooling channel is provided at the joint end of the heating tubes (7).

4. The parametric design method of the heating platform device of the superplastic forming equipment based on SolidWorks according to claim 3, characterized in that, The heating layer includes multiple independent heating areas and multiple independent temperature measurement points, the maximum working temperature is 1050 °C, the steady-state surface temperature uniformity is ≤ ±10 °C, and the heating rate is 50 - 100 °C / h.

5. The parametric design method of the heating platform device of the superplastic forming equipment based on SolidWorks according to claim 4, characterized in that, The ceramic bricks (6) of the ceramic layer adopt ceramics with a low coefficient of thermal expansion, the gap between sub-blocks is filled with silica nano-aerogel material, and the expansion of the outer circle ceramic bricks is restricted by the protective fence (1).

6. The parametric design method of the heating platform device of the superplastic forming equipment based on SolidWorks according to claim 5, characterized in that, A stainless-steel water-cooling heat insulation layer is arranged between the water-cooling plate (10) of the heat insulation layer and the ceramic layer, and multiple cooling water channels are arranged along the front and back directions of the machine tool.

7. The parametric design method of the heating platform device of the superplastic forming equipment based on SolidWorks according to claim 6, characterized in that, A disc spring (11) is adopted in the connection structure to pre-tighten the bolt (16) to adapt to thermal expansion deformation, and two bolt holes are reserved at each of the left and right ends of the heating platform.

8. The parametric design method of the heating platform device of the superplastic forming equipment based on SolidWorks according to claim 7, characterized in that The parametric design system calculates the plate thickness and hole position coordinates through an internal algorithm, and drives the three-dimensional model to be updated in real time, generates engineering drawings that meet the GB / ISO standards. The device is verified by COMSOL Multiphysics 6.2 simulation, the deformation of the platform is less than 0.5 mm, and the structural stability retention rate is ≥ 95% after 5000 hours of thermal cycling.

9. A parametric design method applicable to the heating platform device of the superplastic forming equipment based on SolidWorks according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, It also includes the following steps: S1. Dynamic parameter binding; Dynamically bind the key design parameters of the heating platform to the feature tree of the SolidWorks three-dimensional model to ensure that parameter changes are automatically synchronized to the model structure; S2. Automatic modeling and calculation; After the user inputs the basic parameters, the system automatically deduces key data such as the plate thickness and hole position coordinates through an internal algorithm, and drives the three-dimensional model to be updated in real time; S3. Automatic generation of drawings and models; After modifying the parameters, SolidWorks automatically generates the updated two-dimensional engineering drawing and three-dimensional model of the heating platform, realizing a rapid response to design changes; S4. Simulation verification and optimization; Export the modified model as a STEP format, import it into COMSOL Multiphysics 6.2 for thermodynamic simulation, and optimize the design parameters according to the simulation results.

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