Multi-gap lightning arrester based on Tesla valve principle

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of lightning protection safety of power transmission and distribution lines, and particularly discloses a multi-gap lightning arrester based on the Tesla valve principle. The device is used for power transmission and distribution line lightning protection. Comprising a supporting part and a silica gel spiral disc, the supporting part comprises a core rod, a ball socket and a ball head, the upper end of the core rod is provided with an upper connecting piece, the lower end of the core rod is provided with a lower connecting piece, the upper connecting piece is provided with a grounding side electrode, and the lower connecting piece is provided with a high-voltage side electrode. The silica gel spiral disc is arranged on the core rod between the upper connecting piece and the lower connecting piece in a sleeving mode, the upper side and the lower side of the silica gel spiral disc are each provided with an external electrode, and main gaps are formed between the grounding side electrode and the adjacent external electrodes and between the high-voltage side electrode and the adjacent external electrodes. A Tesla valve channel is arranged in the silica gel spiral disc and comprises a plurality of Tesla valves and a plurality of intermediate electrodes, the adjacent intermediate electrodes form a secondary gap, and a plurality of secondary gaps form a multi-gap string. The high-speed arc extinguishing device is favorable for realizing high-speed arc extinguishing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of lightning protection safety for transmission and distribution lines, and particularly relates to a multi-gap lightning arrester using the principle of Tesla valve. Background Art

[0002] Lightning is one of the main threats to the safe and stable operation of transmission and distribution lines. In recent years, accidents such as lightning trip and insulator flashover of overhead lines at home and abroad have occurred frequently, seriously threatening the safe operation of overhead lines and causing huge economic losses. One of the main lightning protection measures for high-voltage overhead lines is to install line lightning arresters to effectively limit the lightning overvoltage of the line, improve the lightning protection level of the line, and reduce the tripping rate caused by lightning faults in the system.

[0003] Conventional line lightning arresters include zinc oxide lightning arresters and gap lightning arresters, etc. Zinc oxide lightning arresters have poor lightning current discharge capacity, are easy to age, have leakage current, and limited current-carrying capacity. Conventional gap lightning arresters have the advantages of large current-carrying capacity, simplicity and practicality, but after the flashover occurs in their own gaps, the power-frequency arc between the gaps is difficult to extinguish in time, making it difficult to ensure the lightning protection effect.

[0004] The multi-gap arc extinguishing lightning arrester internalizes the discharge gap, divides the arc into several short arcs through multiple intermediate electrodes to reduce the difficulty of arc extinction, has the dual functions of lightning protection and arc extinction, and greatly improves the lightning protection reliability. However, in the case of large line capacity, etc., the power-frequency follow current during lightning strikes is very large, which may exceed the power-frequency follow current extinction ability of the multi-gap lightning arrester and cause tripping. For some special areas with frequent and intense lightning activities, large lightning current amplitudes, and often multiple strokes in lightning flashes, conventional lightning arresters can no longer ensure the safe and stable operation of the line.

[0005] Developing a new type of lightning arrester with large current-carrying capacity, rapid arc extinction, and long service life has become a common demand in the field of lightning safety for transmission lines.

[0006] The present invention provides a lightning protection and arc extinction device based on the principle of Tesla valve for high-voltage transmission and distribution lines such as 110 kV. The present invention utilizes the unidirectional conduction characteristic of the Tesla valve to fully accelerate the air flow, achieve high-speed arc extinction, with stable and reliable performance, and can be applicable to the situation of large line capacity such as 110 kV, solve the long-standing problem of difficult arc extinction of gap type lightning arresters, and inherit its advantages of large current-carrying capacity, reliability and durability. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a multi-gap lightning arrester using the principle of Tesla valve, which effectively solves the problem that conventional lightning arresters cannot ensure the safe and stable operation of the line in special areas with frequent and intense lightning activities, large lightning current amplitudes, and often multiple strokes in lightning flashes.

[0008] To effectively solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0009] A multi-gap lightning arrester using the principle of Tesla valve, comprising a support member and a silicone spiral disc. The support member includes a core rod, a ball socket connected to the low-voltage end of the core rod, and a ball head connected to the high-voltage end of the core rod.

[0010] One end of the core rod close to the ball socket is provided with an upper connecting member, and one end of the core rod close to the ball head is provided with a lower connecting member. A grounding-side electrode is installed on the upper connecting member, and a high-voltage-side electrode is installed on the lower connecting member.

[0011] The silicone spiral disc is sleeved on the core rod between the upper connecting member and the lower connecting member. An external electrode is installed on each of the upper and lower sides of the silicone spiral disc. A main gap is formed between the grounding-side electrode and the external electrode on the upper side of the silicone spiral disc, and between the high-voltage-side electrode and the external electrode on the lower side of the silicone spiral disc.

[0012] The interior of the silicone spiral disc is provided with a Tesla valve channel. The Tesla valve channel includes a plurality of Tesla valves and a plurality of intermediate electrodes. A secondary gap is formed between adjacent intermediate electrodes, and a plurality of the secondary gaps form a multi-gap string.

[0013] Further, both the upper connecting member and the lower connecting member are electrode plates.

[0014] Further, the grounding-side electrode and the external electrode on the upper side of the silicone spiral disc are oppositely arranged, and the high-voltage-side electrode and the external electrode on the lower side of the silicone spiral disc are oppositely arranged.

[0015] Further, the external electrode includes a conductor and a fixing post, and the conductor is installed on the silicone spiral disc through the fixing post.

[0016] Further, the Tesla valve channel includes a main channel. There are a plurality of bifurcated channels on the main channel. The Tesla valve is a valve structure formed by the two ends of the bifurcated channel connecting to the main channel. The intermediate electrode is arranged at the interface of the bifurcated channel and the main channel or is arranged at intervals at the interface of the bifurcated channel and the main channel.

[0017] Further, a metal electrode is fixed on the Tesla valve inside the silicone spiral disc by filling silicone. An arc extinguishing chamber is formed by being wrapped with silicone rubber between adjacent intermediate electrodes.

[0018] Further, a plurality of the intermediate electrodes are evenly distributed in the silicone spiral disc along the spiral ring direction.

[0019] Further, an external discharge gap is formed between the upper connecting member and the ground-side electrode, between the ground-side electrode and the external electrode on the upper side of the silicone spiral disk, between the external electrode on the lower side of the silicone spiral disk and the high-voltage side electrode, and between the high-voltage side electrode and the lower connecting member; an internal discharge gap is formed between each intermediate electrode of the Tesla valve channel inside the silicone spiral disk.

[0020] Further, the core rod is processed from a glass fiber reinforced plastic injection insulated silicone rubber sheath, the upper connecting member and the lower connecting member are both metal bodies processed from aluminum or steel, and the ground-side electrode and the high-voltage side electrode are both processed from copper or stainless steel.

[0021] Further, the silicone spiral disk is made of an insulating silicone rubber material.

[0022] Further, the shape of the conductor is hemispherical, cylindrical or conical, and the conductor is processed from copper or stainless steel.

[0023] Further, the length of the main gap is 30 - 100 mm.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial technical effects of the present invention are:

[0025] (1) Aiming at the defect that the power frequency arc between the gaps of a conventional gap type lightning arrester is difficult to extinguish in time after the flashover of its own gap, the present invention proposes to internalize the discharge gap, divide the arc into several short arcs by multiple intermediate electrodes to reduce the difficulty of arc extinction, and through the cooperation of multiple-stage electrodes and the Tesla valve, realize the pushing of the air flow, and help to completely extinguish the power frequency arc through the ionization activity in the arc extinguishing chamber, which has the dual functions of lightning protection and arc extinction, and greatly improves the lightning protection reliability.

[0026] (2) The series arc extinguishing lightning protection gap of the present invention adopts the Tesla valve structure. The Tesla valve is a one-way valve, which has the one-way conductivity to the fluid and has a blocking effect on the fluid flowing upstream. When the arc enters the arc extinguishing chamber, the air in the arc extinguishing chamber expands to generate a high-speed air flow acting on the arc. By setting multiple-stage Tesla valves, the air flow is transported downward step by step, and the one-way flow performance of the Tesla valve is utilized to fully accelerate the air flow and realize high-speed arc extinction. The performance is stable and reliable, and it can be applied to situations with large line capacities such as 110 kV, solving the long-standing problem of difficult arc extinction of the gap type lightning arrester, and inheriting its advantages of large current-carrying capacity, reliability and durability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] To clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings required for the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are those of some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other accompanying drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0028] Figure 1 is the front view of the multi-gap lightning arrester using the Tesla valve principle of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 is the structural schematic diagram of the Tesla valve channel in Embodiment 1, Embodiment 3, and Embodiment 5 of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 is the structural schematic diagram of the Tesla valve channel in Embodiment 2, Embodiment 4, Embodiment 6, and Embodiment 7 of the present invention.

[0031] In the figure: 1. Silicone spiral disc; 2. Core rod; 3. Ball socket; 4. Ball head; 5. Upper connector; 6. Lower connector; 7. Ground-side electrode; 8. High-voltage side electrode; 9. External electrode; 10. Tesla valve; 11. Intermediate electrode; 12. Main gap. Specific embodiments

[0032] The object of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings and deficiencies of the existing lightning arrester technology, and effectively solve the problem that in special areas where lightning activities are frequent and intense, the lightning current amplitude is large and there are often multiple strokes in lightning flashes, the conventional lightning arrester cannot ensure the safe and stable operation of the line. A multi-gap lightning arrester using the Tesla valve principle is provided, which has the characteristics of fast arc extinguishing and lightning protection functions, large current-carrying capacity, and high reliability. The following is a detailed description in combination with specific embodiments and experimental examples.

[0033] Embodiment 1:

[0034] A multi-gap lightning arrester using the Tesla valve principle, as Figure 1 shown, includes a support component and a silicone spiral disc 1. The support component includes a core rod 2, a ball socket 3 connected to the low-voltage end of the core rod 2, and a ball head 4 connected to the high-voltage end of the core rod 2. Among them, the ball socket 3 is fixed on the AC transmission line tower, the ball head 4 is connected to the high-voltage wire, and the core rod 2 mainly plays a supporting role. The core rod 2 is processed from a glass fiber-reinforced injection of insulating silicone rubber sheath.

[0035] One end of the core rod 2 close to the ball socket 3 is provided with an upper connector 5, one end of the core rod 2 close to the ball head 4 is provided with a lower connector 6, a ground-side electrode 7 is installed on the upper connector 5, and a high-voltage side electrode 8 is installed on the lower connector 6. Both the upper connector 5 and the lower connector 6 are electrode plates.

[0036] The silica gel spiral disk 1 is sleeved on the mandrel 2 between the upper connecting piece 5 and the lower connecting piece 6, and the diameter of the silica gel spiral disk 1 is 100 - 500 mm. An external electrode 9 is respectively installed on the upper and lower sides of the silica gel spiral disk 1. A main gap 12 is formed between the ground-side electrode 7 and the external electrode 9 on the upper side of the silica gel spiral disk 1, and between the high-voltage side electrode 8 and the external electrode 9 on the lower side of the silica gel spiral disk 1.

[0037] The ground-side electrode 7 and the external electrode 9 on the upper side of the silica gel spiral disk 1 are arranged opposite to each other, and the high-voltage side electrode 8 and the external electrode 9 on the lower side of the silica gel spiral disk 1 are arranged opposite to each other.

[0038] The external electrode 9 includes a conductor and a fixing post, and the conductor is installed on the silica gel spiral disk 1 through the fixing post. The shape of the conductor is hemispherical, cylindrical or conical. In this embodiment, the conductor is hemispherical. The external electrode 9 mainly functions to conduct current and assist in arc quenching, and the length of the main gap is 30 - 100 mm.

[0039] A Tesla valve channel is provided inside the silica gel spiral disk 1. The Tesla valve channel includes a plurality of Tesla valves 10 and a plurality of intermediate electrodes 11. A secondary gap is formed between adjacent intermediate electrodes 11, and a plurality of the secondary gaps form a multi-gap string.

[0040] The Tesla valve channel has a forward conduction property. As Figure 2 shown, the positive direction of the Tesla valve channel is from the left end to the right end. The Tesla valve channel includes a main channel, and there are a plurality of branch channels on the main channel. The Tesla valve 10 is a valve structure formed by connecting the two ends of the branch channel to the main channel, and the intermediate electrodes 11 are arranged at intervals at the interfaces of the branch channel and the main channel. The number of the Tesla valves 10 and the intermediate electrodes 11 is selected depending on its special configuration, the pre-calculated overvoltage and other conditions of its operation.

[0041] A metal electrode is fixed on the Tesla valve 10 inside the silica gel spiral disk 1 by filling silica gel, and an arc quenching chamber is formed by wrapping silicon rubber between adjacent intermediate electrodes 11. A plurality of the intermediate electrodes 11 are evenly distributed along the spiral ring direction inside the silica gel spiral disk. The intermediate electrode is made of tungsten copper, copper, stainless steel or graphite, and its shape is spherical, cylindrical or cuboid.

[0042] An external discharge gap is formed between the upper connecting member 5 and the grounding-side electrode 7, between the grounding-side electrode 7 and the external electrode 9 on the upper side of the silicone spiral disk 1, between the external electrode 9 on the lower side of the silicone spiral disk 1 and the high-voltage side electrode 8, and between the high-voltage side electrode 8 and the lower connecting member 6; an internal discharge gap is formed between each intermediate electrode 11 in the Tesla valve channel inside the silicone spiral disk 1.

[0043] In view of the defect that the power-frequency arc between the gaps of a conventional gap type lightning arrester is difficult to extinguish in time after the flashover of its own gap, this embodiment proposes to internalize the discharge gap. The arc is divided into several short arcs by multiple intermediate electrodes to reduce the difficulty of arc extinguishing. Through the cooperation of multiple-stage electrodes and the Tesla valve, the promotion of air flow is realized, and the ionization activity in the arc extinguishing chamber is used to help completely extinguish the power-frequency arc. It has the dual functions of lightning protection and arc extinguishing, greatly improving the lightning protection reliability.

[0044] The series arc extinguishing lightning protection gap in this embodiment adopts a Tesla valve structure. The Tesla valve is a one-way valve, which has a one-way conductivity to the fluid and a blocking effect on the fluid flowing upstream. When the arc enters the arc extinguishing chamber, the air in the arc extinguishing chamber expands to generate a high-speed air flow acting on the arc. By setting multiple-stage Tesla valves, the air flow is transported downward step by step. Utilizing the one-way flow performance of the Tesla valve, the air flow is fully accelerated to achieve high-speed arc extinguishing. The performance is stable and reliable, and it can be applied to situations with large line capacities such as 110 kV, solving the long-standing problem of difficult arc extinguishing of gap type lightning arresters, and inheriting the advantages of large current-carrying capacity, reliability and durability.

[0045] Embodiment 2:

[0046] A multi-gap lightning arrester using the Tesla valve principle, as Figure 1 shown, includes a support member and a silicone spiral disk 1. The support member includes a core rod 2, a ball socket 3 connected to the low-voltage end of the core rod 2, and a ball head 4 connected to the high-voltage end of the core rod 2. Among them, the ball socket 3 is fixed on the pole tower of the AC transmission line, the ball head 4 is connected to the high-voltage wire, and the core rod 2 mainly plays a supporting role. The core rod 2 is processed from a glass fiber reinforced plastic injection insulating silicone rubber sheath.

[0047] One end of the core rod 2 close to the ball socket 3 is provided with an upper connecting member 5, one end of the core rod 2 close to the ball head 4 is provided with a lower connecting member 6, a grounding-side electrode 7 is installed on the upper connecting member 5, and a high-voltage side electrode 8 is installed on the lower connecting member 6. Both the upper connecting member 5 and the lower connecting member 6 are electrode plates.

[0048] The silica gel spiral disc 1 is sleeved on the mandrel 2 between the upper connecting member 5 and the lower connecting member 6, and the diameter of the silica gel spiral disc 1 is between 100 - 500 mm. External electrodes are respectively installed on the upper and lower sides of the silica gel spiral disc 1. A main gap 12 is formed between the ground side electrode 7 and the external electrode 9 on the upper side of the silica gel spiral disc 1, and between the high voltage side electrode 8 and the external electrode 9 on the lower side of the silica gel spiral disc 1.

[0049] The ground side electrode 7 and the external electrode 9 on the upper side of the silica gel spiral disc 1 are arranged opposite to each other, and the high voltage side electrode 8 and the external electrode 9 on the lower side of the silica gel spiral disc 1 are arranged opposite to each other.

[0050] The external electrode 9 includes a conductor and a fixing post, and the conductor is installed on the silica gel spiral disc 1 through the fixing post. The shape of the conductor is hemispherical, cylindrical or conical. In this embodiment, the conductor is hemispherical. The external electrode 9 mainly functions to conduct current and assist in arc extinction, and the length of the main gap 12 is 30 - 100 mm.

[0051] A Tesla valve channel is provided inside the silica gel spiral disc 1. The Tesla valve channel includes a plurality of Tesla valves 10 and a plurality of intermediate electrodes 11. A secondary gap is formed between adjacent intermediate electrodes 11, and a plurality of the secondary gaps form a multi-gap string.

[0052] The Tesla valve channel has a forward conduction property, as Figure 3 shown, the positive direction of the Tesla valve channel is from the left end to the right end. The Tesla valve channel includes a main channel, and there are a plurality of branch channels on the main channel. The Tesla valve 10 is a valve structure formed by connecting the two ends of the branch channel to the main channel, and the intermediate electrode 11 is arranged at the interface of the branch channel and the main channel. The number of the Tesla valves 10 and the intermediate electrodes 11 is selected depending on its special configuration, pre-calculated overvoltage and other conditions of its operation.

[0053] Metal electrodes are fixed on the Tesla valves 10 inside the silica gel spiral disc 1 by filling silica gel, and an arc extinction chamber is formed by wrapping with silicone rubber between adjacent intermediate electrodes 11. A plurality of the intermediate electrodes 11 are evenly distributed along the spiral ring direction inside the silica gel spiral disc. The intermediate electrode is made of tungsten copper, copper, stainless steel or graphite, and its shape is spherical, cylindrical or cuboid.

[0054] An external discharge gap is formed between the upper connecting member 5 and the grounding side electrode 7, between the grounding side electrode 7 and the external electrode 9 on the upper side of the silicone spiral disc 1, between the external electrode 9 on the lower side of the silicone spiral disc 1 and the high-voltage side electrode 8, and between the high-voltage side electrode 8 and the lower connecting member 6; an internal discharge gap is formed between each intermediate electrode 11 in the Tesla valve channel inside the silicone spiral disc 1.

[0055] In view of the defect that the power frequency arc between the gaps of a conventional gap type lightning arrester is difficult to extinguish in time after the flashover of its own gap, this embodiment proposes to internalize the discharge gap, divide the arc into several short arcs by multiple intermediate electrodes to reduce the arc extinguishing difficulty, and through the cooperation of multiple-stage electrodes and the Tesla valve, realize the promotion of air flow, and help to completely extinguish the power frequency arc through the ionization activity in the arc extinguishing chamber, which has the dual functions of lightning protection and arc extinguishing, and greatly improves the lightning protection reliability.

[0056] The series arc extinguishing lightning protection gap in this embodiment adopts a Tesla valve structure. The Tesla valve is a one-way valve, which has a one-way conductivity to fluids and a blocking effect on the fluids flowing upstream. When the arc enters the arc extinguishing chamber, the air in the arc extinguishing chamber expands to generate a high-speed air flow acting on the arc. By setting multiple-stage Tesla valves, the air flow is transported downward step by step. Utilizing the one-way flow performance of the Tesla valve, the air flow is fully accelerated to achieve high-speed arc extinguishing. The performance is stable and reliable, and it can be applied to situations with large line capacities such as 110 kV, solving the long-standing problem of difficult arc extinguishing of gap type lightning arresters, and inheriting the advantages of large current-carrying capacity, reliability and durability.

[0057] Embodiment 3:

[0058] A multi-gap lightning arrester using the principle of Tesla valve, as Figure 1 shown, includes a support component and a silicone spiral disc 1. The support component includes a core rod 2, a ball socket 3 connected to the low-voltage end of the core rod 2, and a ball head 4 connected to the high-voltage end of the core rod 2. Among them, the ball socket 3 is fixed on the pole tower of the AC transmission line, the ball head 4 is connected to the high-voltage wire, and the core rod 2 mainly plays a supporting role. The core rod 2 is processed from a glass fiber reinforced plastic injection insulation silicone rubber sheath.

[0059] One end of the core rod 2 close to the ball socket 3 is provided with an upper connecting member 5, one end of the core rod 2 close to the ball head 4 is provided with a lower connecting member 6, a grounding side electrode 7 is installed on the upper connecting member 5, and a high-voltage side electrode 8 is installed on the lower connecting member 6. Both the upper connecting member 5 and the lower connecting member 6 are electrode plates.

[0060] The silica gel spiral disc 1 is sleeved on the mandrel 2 between the upper connecting member 5 and the lower connecting member 6, and the silica gel spiral disc 1 is made of insulating silicone rubber material. The diameter of the silica gel spiral disc 1 is between 100 - 500 mm. An external electrode 9 is installed on each of the upper and lower sides of the silica gel spiral disc 1. A main gap 12 is formed between the ground-side electrode 7 and the external electrode 9 on the upper side of the silica gel spiral disc 1, and between the high-voltage-side electrode 8 and the external electrode 9 on the lower side of the silica gel spiral disc 1.

[0061] The ground-side electrode 7 and the external electrode 9 on the upper side of the silica gel spiral disc 1 are arranged opposite to each other, and the high-voltage-side electrode 8 and the external electrode 9 on the lower side of the silica gel spiral disc 1 are arranged opposite to each other.

[0062] The external electrode 9 includes a conductor and a fixing post, and the conductor is installed on the silica gel spiral disc 1 through the fixing post. The shape of the conductor is hemispherical, cylindrical or conical. In this embodiment, the conductor is hemispherical. The external electrode 9 mainly functions to conduct current and assist in arc quenching, and the length of the main gap 12 is 30 - 100 mm.

[0063] A Tesla valve channel is provided inside the silica gel spiral disc 1. The Tesla valve channel includes a plurality of Tesla valves 10 and a plurality of intermediate electrodes 11. A secondary gap is formed between adjacent intermediate electrodes 11, and a plurality of the secondary gaps form a multi-gap string.

[0064] The Tesla valve channel has a forward conduction property, as Figure 2 shown, the positive direction of the Tesla valve channel is from the left end to the right end. The Tesla valve channel includes a main channel, and there are a plurality of branch channels on the main channel. The Tesla valve 10 is a valve structure formed by connecting the two ends of the branch channel to the main channel, and the intermediate electrodes 11 are arranged at intervals at the interfaces of the branch channel and the main channel. The number of the Tesla valves 10 and the intermediate electrodes 11 is selected depending on its special configuration, the pre-calculated overvoltage and other conditions of its operation.

[0065] A metal electrode is fixed on the Tesla valve 10 inside the silica gel spiral disc 1 by filling silica gel, and an arc quenching chamber is formed by wrapping with silicone rubber between adjacent intermediate electrodes 11. A plurality of the intermediate electrodes 11 are evenly distributed along the spiral ring direction inside the silica gel spiral disc. The intermediate electrode is processed from tungsten copper, copper, stainless steel or graphite, and its shape is spherical, cylindrical or cuboid.

[0066] An external discharge gap is formed between the upper connecting member 5 and the grounding-side electrode 7, between the grounding-side electrode 7 and the external electrode 9 on the upper side of the silicone spiral disc 1, between the external electrode 9 on the lower side of the silicone spiral disc 1 and the high-voltage-side electrode 8, and between the high-voltage-side electrode 8 and the lower connecting member 6; an internal discharge gap is formed between each intermediate electrode 11 in the Tesla valve channel inside the silicone spiral disc 1.

[0067] In view of the defect that the power-frequency arc between the gaps of a conventional gap-type lightning arrester is difficult to extinguish in time after flashover occurs in its own gap, this embodiment proposes to internalize the discharge gap. The arc is divided into several short arcs by multiple intermediate electrodes to reduce the difficulty of arc extinguishing. Through the cooperation of multiple-stage electrodes and the Tesla valve, the pushing of the air flow is realized, and the ionization activity in the arc extinguishing chamber is used to help completely extinguish the power-frequency arc. It has the dual functions of lightning protection and arc extinguishing, greatly improving the lightning protection reliability.

[0068] The series arc extinguishing and lightning protection gap in this embodiment adopts a Tesla valve structure. The Tesla valve is a one-way valve, which has a one-way conductivity to the fluid and has a blocking effect on the fluid flowing upstream. When the arc enters the arc extinguishing chamber, the air in the arc extinguishing chamber expands to generate a high-speed air flow acting on the arc. By setting multiple-stage Tesla valves, the air flow is transported downward step by step. Utilizing the one-way flow performance of the Tesla valve, the air flow is fully accelerated to achieve high-speed arc extinguishing. The performance is stable and reliable, and it can be applied to situations with large line capacities such as 110 kV, solving the long-standing problem of difficult arc extinguishing of gap-type lightning arresters, and inheriting the advantages of large current-carrying capacity, reliability, and durability.

[0069] Embodiment 4:

[0070] A multi-gap lightning arrester using the Tesla valve principle, as Figure 1 shown, includes a support member and a silicone spiral disc 1. The support member includes a core rod 2, a ball socket 3 connected to the low-voltage end of the core rod 2, and a ball head 4 connected to the high-voltage end of the core rod 2. Among them, the ball socket 3 is fixed on the pole tower of the AC transmission line, the ball head 4 is connected to the high-voltage wire, and the core rod 2 mainly plays a supporting role. The core rod 2 is processed from a glass fiber reinforced plastic injection insulation silicone rubber sheath.

[0071] One end of the core rod 2 close to the ball socket 3 is provided with an upper connecting member 5, one end of the core rod 2 close to the ball head 4 is provided with a lower connecting member 6, a grounding-side electrode 7 is installed on the upper connecting member 5, and a high-voltage-side electrode 8 is installed on the lower connecting member 6. Both the upper connecting member 5 and the lower connecting member 6 are electrode plates.

[0072] The silicone spiral disc 1 is sleeved on the mandrel 2 between the upper connecting member 5 and the lower connecting member 6, and the silicone spiral disc 1 is made of insulating silicone rubber material. The diameter of the silicone spiral disc 1 is 100 - 500 mm. An external electrode 9 is installed on each of the upper and lower sides of the silicone spiral disc 1. A main gap 12 is formed between the ground-side electrode 7 and the external electrode 9 on the upper side of the silicone spiral disc 1, and between the high-voltage side electrode 8 and the external electrode 9 on the lower side of the silicone spiral disc 1.

[0073] The ground-side electrode 7 and the external electrode 9 on the upper side of the silicone spiral disc 1 are arranged opposite to each other, and the high-voltage side electrode 8 and the external electrode 9 on the lower side of the silicone spiral disc 1 are arranged opposite to each other.

[0074] The external electrode 9 includes a conductor and a fixing post, and the conductor is installed on the silicone spiral disc 1 through the fixing post. The shape of the conductor is hemispherical, cylindrical or conical. In this embodiment, the conductor is hemispherical. The external electrode 9 mainly functions to conduct current and assist in arc extinction, and the length of the main gap 12 is 30 - 100 mm.

[0075] A Tesla valve channel is provided inside the silicone spiral disc 1. The Tesla valve channel includes a plurality of Tesla valves 10 and a plurality of intermediate electrodes 11. A secondary gap is formed between adjacent intermediate electrodes 11, and a plurality of the secondary gaps form a multi-gap string.

[0076] The Tesla valve channel has a forward conduction property, as Figure 3 shown, the positive direction of the Tesla valve channel is from the left end to the right end. The Tesla valve channel includes a main channel, and there are a plurality of branch channels on the main channel. The Tesla valve 10 is a valve structure formed by connecting the two ends of the branch channel to the main channel, and the intermediate electrode 11 is arranged at the interface of the branch channel and the main channel. The number of the Tesla valves 10 and the intermediate electrodes 11 is selected depending on its special configuration, pre-calculated overvoltage and other conditions of its operation.

[0077] A metal electrode is fixed on the Tesla valve 10 inside the silicone spiral disc 1 by filling silicone, and an arc extinguishing chamber is formed by wrapping the adjacent intermediate electrodes 11 with silicone rubber. A plurality of the intermediate electrodes 11 are evenly distributed along the spiral ring direction inside the silicone spiral disc. The intermediate electrode is processed from tungsten copper, copper, stainless steel or graphite, and its shape is spherical, cylindrical or cuboid.

[0078] An external discharge gap is formed between the upper connecting member 5 and the grounding-side electrode 7, between the grounding-side electrode 7 and the external electrode 9 on the upper side of the silicone spiral disk 1, between the external electrode 9 on the lower side of the silicone spiral disk 1 and the high-voltage side electrode 8, and between the high-voltage side electrode 8 and the lower connecting member 6; an internal discharge gap is formed between each intermediate electrode 11 in the Tesla valve channel inside the silicone spiral disk 1.

[0079] In view of the defect that the power-frequency arc between the gaps of a conventional gap-type lightning arrester is difficult to extinguish in time after the flashover of its own gap, this embodiment proposes to internalize the discharge gap. The arc is divided into several short arcs by multiple intermediate electrodes to reduce the difficulty of arc extinction. Through the cooperation of multiple-stage electrodes and the Tesla valve, the air flow is promoted, and the ionization activity in the arc extinguishing chamber is used to help completely extinguish the power-frequency arc, which has the dual functions of lightning protection and arc extinction, greatly improving the lightning protection reliability.

[0080] The series arc extinguishing lightning protection gap in this embodiment adopts a Tesla valve structure. The Tesla valve is a one-way valve, which has a one-way conductivity to the fluid and a blocking effect on the fluid flowing upstream. When the arc enters the arc extinguishing chamber, the air in the arc extinguishing chamber expands to generate a high-speed air flow acting on the arc. By setting multiple-stage Tesla valves, the air flow is transported downward step by step. Utilizing the one-way flow performance of the Tesla valve, the air flow is fully accelerated to achieve high-speed arc extinction. The performance is stable and reliable, and it can be applied to situations with large line capacities such as 110 kV, solving the long-standing problem of difficult arc extinction of gap-type lightning arresters, and inheriting the advantages of large current-carrying capacity, reliability and durability.

[0081] Embodiment 5:

[0082] A multi-gap lightning arrester using the principle of Tesla valve, as Figure 1 shown, includes a support member and a silicone spiral disk 1. The support member includes a core rod 2, a ball socket 3 connected to the low-voltage end of the core rod 2, and a ball head 4 connected to the high-voltage end of the core rod 2. Among them, the ball socket 3 is fixed on the tower of the AC transmission line, the ball head 4 is connected to the high-voltage wire, and the core rod 2 mainly plays a supporting role. The core rod 2 is processed from a glass fiber reinforced plastic injection insulating silicone rubber sheath.

[0083] One end of the core rod 2 close to the ball socket 3 is provided with an upper connecting member 5, one end of the core rod 2 close to the ball head 4 is provided with a lower connecting member 6, a grounding-side electrode 7 is installed on the upper connecting member 5, and a high-voltage side electrode 8 is installed on the lower connecting member 6. Both the upper connecting member 5 and the lower connecting member 6 are electrode plates.

[0084] In this embodiment, both the upper connecting member 5 and the lower connecting member 6 are metal bodies processed from aluminum or steel, and both the grounding-side electrode 7 and the high-voltage side electrode 8 are processed from copper or stainless steel.

[0085] The silica gel spiral disc 1 is sleeved on the mandrel 2 between the upper connecting member 5 and the lower connecting member 6, and the silica gel spiral disc 1 is made of insulating silicone rubber material. The diameter of the silica gel spiral disc 1 is 100 - 500 mm. An external electrode 9 is installed on each of the upper and lower sides of the silica gel spiral disc 1. A main gap 12 is formed between the ground side electrode 7 and the external electrode 9 on the upper side of the silica gel spiral disc 1, and between the high voltage side electrode 8 and the external electrode 9 on the lower side of the silica gel spiral disc 1.

[0086] The ground side electrode 7 and the external electrode 9 on the upper side of the silica gel spiral disc 1 are arranged opposite to each other, and the high voltage side electrode 8 and the external electrode 9 on the lower side of the silica gel spiral disc 1 are arranged opposite to each other.

[0087] The external electrode 9 includes a conductor and a fixing post, and the conductor is installed on the silica gel spiral disc 1 through the fixing post. The shape of the conductor is hemispherical, cylindrical or conical. In this embodiment, the conductor is hemispherical. The external electrode 9 mainly functions to conduct current and assist in arc extinction, and the length of the main gap 12 is 30 - 100 mm.

[0088] A Tesla valve channel is provided inside the silica gel spiral disc 1. The Tesla valve channel includes a plurality of Tesla valves 10 and a plurality of intermediate electrodes 11. A secondary gap is formed between adjacent intermediate electrodes 11, and a plurality of the secondary gaps form a multi-gap string.

[0089] The Tesla valve channel has a forward conduction property, as Figure 2 shown, the positive direction of the Tesla valve channel is from the left end to the right end. The Tesla valve channel includes a main channel, and there are a plurality of bifurcated channels on the main channel. The Tesla valve 10 is a valve structure formed by connecting the two ends of the bifurcated channel to the main channel, and the intermediate electrodes 11 are arranged at intervals at the interfaces of the bifurcated channel and the main channel. The number of the Tesla valves 10 and the intermediate electrodes 11 is selected depending on its special configuration, the pre-calculated overvoltage and other conditions of its operation.

[0090] A metal electrode is fixed on the Tesla valve 10 inside the silica gel spiral disc 1 by filling silica gel, and an arc extinction chamber is formed by wrapping silicon rubber between adjacent intermediate electrodes 11. A plurality of the intermediate electrodes 11 are evenly distributed along the spiral ring direction inside the silica gel spiral disc. The intermediate electrode is processed from tungsten copper, copper, stainless steel or graphite, and its shape is spherical, cylindrical or cuboid.

[0091] An external discharge gap is formed between the upper connecting member 5 and the grounding-side electrode 7, between the grounding-side electrode 7 and the external electrode 9 on the upper side of the silicone spiral disk 1, between the external electrode 9 on the lower side of the silicone spiral disk 1 and the high-voltage side electrode 8, and between the high-voltage side electrode 8 and the lower connecting member 6; an internal discharge gap is formed between each intermediate electrode 11 in the Tesla valve channel inside the silicone spiral disk 1.

[0092] In view of the defect that the power-frequency arc between the gaps of a conventional gap-type lightning arrester is difficult to extinguish in time after the flashover of its own gap, this embodiment proposes to internalize the discharge gap, divide the arc into several short arcs through multiple intermediate electrodes to reduce the difficulty of arc extinction, and through the cooperation of multiple-stage electrodes and the Tesla valve, realize the promotion of the air flow, and rely on the ionization activity in the arc extinguishing chamber to help completely extinguish the power-frequency arc, which has the dual functions of lightning protection and arc extinction, and greatly improves the lightning protection reliability.

[0093] The series arc extinguishing lightning protection gap in this embodiment adopts the Tesla valve structure. The Tesla valve is a one-way valve, which has the one-way conductivity to the fluid and at the same time has a blocking effect on the fluid flowing upstream. When the arc enters the arc extinguishing chamber, the air in the arc extinguishing chamber expands to generate a high-speed air flow acting on the arc. By setting multiple-stage Tesla valves, the air flow is transported downward step by step, and the one-way flow performance of the Tesla valve is utilized to fully accelerate the air flow and achieve high-speed arc extinction. The performance is stable and reliable, and it can be applied to situations with large line capacities such as 110 kV, solving the long-standing problem of difficult arc extinction of gap-type lightning arresters, and inheriting the advantages of large current-carrying capacity, reliability and durability.

[0094] Embodiment 6:

[0095] A multi-gap lightning arrester using the Tesla valve principle, as Figure 1 shown, includes a support component and a silicone spiral disk 1. The support component includes a core rod 2, a ball socket 3 connected to the low-voltage end of the core rod 2, and a ball head 4 connected to the high-voltage end of the core rod 2. Among them, the ball socket 3 is fixed on the AC transmission line tower, the ball head 4 is connected to the high-voltage wire, and the core rod 2 mainly plays a supporting role. The core rod 2 is processed from a glass fiber reinforced plastic injection insulating silicone rubber sheath.

[0096] One end of the core rod 2 close to the ball socket 3 is provided with an upper connecting member 5, one end of the core rod 2 close to the ball head 4 is provided with a lower connecting member 6, a grounding-side electrode 7 is installed on the upper connecting member 5, and a high-voltage side electrode 8 is installed on the lower connecting member 6. Both the upper connecting member 5 and the lower connecting member 6 are electrode plates.

[0097] In this embodiment, both the upper connecting member 5 and the lower connecting member 6 are metal bodies processed from aluminum or steel, and both the grounding-side electrode 7 and the high-voltage side electrode 8 are processed from copper or stainless steel.

[0098] The silica gel spiral disk 1 is sleeved on the mandrel 2 between the upper connecting member 5 and the lower connecting member 6, and the silica gel spiral disk 1 is made of insulating silicone rubber material. The diameter of the silica gel spiral disk 1 is 100 - 500 mm. An external electrode 9 is installed on each of the upper and lower sides of the silica gel spiral disk 1. A main gap 12 is formed between the ground side electrode 7 and the external electrode 9 on the upper side of the silica gel spiral disk 1, and between the high voltage side electrode 8 and the external electrode 9 on the lower side of the silica gel spiral disk 1.

[0099] The ground side electrode 7 is arranged opposite to the external electrode 9 on the upper side of the silica gel spiral disk 1, and the high voltage side electrode 8 is arranged opposite to the external electrode 9 on the lower side of the silica gel spiral disk 1.

[0100] The external electrode 9 includes a conductor and a fixing post, and the conductor is installed on the silica gel spiral disk 1 through the fixing post. The shape of the conductor is hemispherical, cylindrical or conical. In this embodiment, the conductor is hemispherical. The external electrode 9 mainly functions to conduct current and assist in arc extinction, and the length of the main gap 12 is 30 - 100 mm.

[0101] A Tesla valve channel is provided inside the silica gel spiral disk 1. The Tesla valve channel includes a plurality of Tesla valves 10 and a plurality of intermediate electrodes 11. A secondary gap is formed between adjacent intermediate electrodes 11, and a plurality of the secondary gaps form a multi-gap string.

[0102] The Tesla valve channel has forward conductivity, as Figure 3 shown, the positive direction of the Tesla valve channel is from the left end to the right end. The Tesla valve channel includes a main channel, and there are a plurality of branch channels on the main channel. The Tesla valve 10 is a valve structure formed by connecting the two ends of the branch channel to the main channel, and the intermediate electrode 11 is arranged at the interface between the branch channel and the main channel. The number of the Tesla valves 10 and the intermediate electrodes 11 is selected depending on its special configuration, the pre-calculated overvoltage and other conditions of its operation.

[0103] A metal electrode is fixed on the Tesla valve 10 inside the silica gel spiral disk 1 by filling with silica gel, and an arc extinction chamber is formed by wrapping with silicone rubber between adjacent intermediate electrodes 11. A plurality of the intermediate electrodes 11 are evenly distributed along the spiral ring direction inside the silica gel spiral disk. The intermediate electrode is made of tungsten copper, copper, stainless steel or graphite, and its shape is spherical, cylindrical or cuboid.

[0104] An external discharge gap is formed between the upper connecting member 5 and the grounding-side electrode 7, between the grounding-side electrode 7 and the external electrode 9 on the upper side of the silicone spiral disk 1, between the external electrode 9 on the lower side of the silicone spiral disk 1 and the high-voltage side electrode 8, and between the high-voltage side electrode 8 and the lower connecting member 6; an internal discharge gap is formed between each intermediate electrode 11 in the Tesla valve channel inside the silicone spiral disk 1.

[0105] In view of the defect that the power-frequency arc between the gaps of a conventional gap-type lightning arrester is difficult to extinguish in time after the flashover of its own gap, this embodiment proposes to internalize the discharge gap. The arc is divided into several short arcs by multiple intermediate electrodes to reduce the difficulty of arc extinction. Through the cooperation of multiple-stage electrodes and the Tesla valve, the air flow is promoted, and the ionization activity in the arc extinguishing chamber is used to help completely extinguish the power-frequency arc. It has the dual functions of lightning protection and arc extinguishing, greatly improving the lightning protection reliability.

[0106] The series arc extinguishing and lightning protection gap in this embodiment adopts the Tesla valve structure. The Tesla valve is a one-way valve, which has one-way conductivity to the fluid and has a blocking effect on the fluid flowing upstream. When the arc enters the arc extinguishing chamber, the air in the arc extinguishing chamber expands to generate a high-speed air flow acting on the arc. By setting multiple-stage Tesla valves, the air flow is transported downward step by step. Utilizing the one-way flow performance of the Tesla valve, the air flow is fully accelerated to achieve high-speed arc extinguishing. The performance is stable and reliable, and it can be applied to situations with large line capacities such as 110 kV, solving the long-standing problem of difficult arc extinction of gap-type lightning arresters, and inheriting its advantages of large current-carrying capacity, reliability and durability.

[0107] Embodiment 7:

[0108] A multi-gap lightning arrester using the Tesla valve principle, as Figure 1 shown, includes a support member and a silicone spiral disk 1. The support member includes a core rod 2, a ball socket 3 connected to the low-voltage end of the core rod 2, and a ball head 4 connected to the high-voltage end of the core rod 2. Among them, the ball socket 3 is fixed on the pole tower of the AC transmission line, the ball head 4 is connected to the high-voltage wire, and the core rod 2 mainly plays a supporting role. The core rod 2 is processed from a glass fiber reinforced plastic injection insulation silicone rubber sheath.

[0109] One end of the core rod 2 close to the ball socket 3 is provided with an upper connecting member 5, one end of the core rod 2 close to the ball head 4 is provided with a lower connecting member 6, a grounding-side electrode 7 is installed on the upper connecting member 5, and a high-voltage side electrode 8 is installed on the lower connecting member 6. Both the upper connecting member 5 and the lower connecting member 6 are electrode plates.

[0110] In this embodiment, both the upper connecting member 5 and the lower connecting member 6 are metal bodies processed from aluminum or steel, and both the grounding-side electrode 7 and the high-voltage side electrode 8 are processed from copper or stainless steel.

[0111] The silica gel spiral disk 1 is sleeved on the mandrel 2 between the upper connecting member 5 and the lower connecting member 6. An external electrode 9 is respectively installed on the upper and lower sides of the silica gel spiral disk 1. A main gap 12 is formed between the ground side electrode 7 and the external electrode 9 on the upper side of the silica gel spiral disk 1 and between the high voltage side electrode 8 and the external electrode 9 on the lower side of the silica gel spiral disk 1.

[0112] The ground side electrode 7 and the external electrode 9 on the upper side of the silica gel spiral disk 1 are arranged opposite to each other, and the high voltage side electrode 8 and the external electrode 9 on the lower side of the silica gel spiral disk 1 are arranged opposite to each other.

[0113] The external electrode 9 includes a conductor and a fixing post, and the conductor is installed on the silica gel spiral disk 1 through the fixing post. The shape of the conductor is hemispherical, cylindrical or conical. In this embodiment, the conductor is hemispherical. The external electrode 9 mainly functions to conduct current and assist in arc extinction. The length of the main gap 12 is 30 - 100 mm.

[0114] A Tesla valve channel is provided inside the silica gel spiral disk 1. The Tesla valve channel includes a plurality of Tesla valves 10 and a plurality of intermediate electrodes 11. A secondary gap is formed between adjacent intermediate electrodes 11, and a plurality of the secondary gaps form a multi-gap string.

[0115] The Tesla valve channel has a forward conduction property. As Figure 3 shown, the positive direction of the Tesla valve channel is from the left end to the right end. The Tesla valve channel includes a main channel, and there are a plurality of branch channels on the main channel. The Tesla valve 10 is a valve structure formed by connecting the two ends of the branch channel to the main channel, and the intermediate electrode 11 is arranged at the interface between the branch channel and the main channel. The number of the Tesla valves 10 and the intermediate electrodes 11 is selected depending on its special configuration, the pre-calculated overvoltage and other conditions of its operation.

[0116] A metal electrode is fixed on the Tesla valve 10 inside the silica gel spiral disk 1 by filling silica gel. An arc extinction chamber is formed by wrapping silicon rubber between adjacent intermediate electrodes 11. A plurality of the intermediate electrodes 11 are evenly distributed along the spiral ring direction inside the silica gel spiral disk. The intermediate electrode is made of tungsten copper, copper, stainless steel or graphite, and its shape is spherical, cylindrical or cuboid.

[0117] An external discharge gap is formed between the upper connecting member 5 and the grounding-side electrode 7, between the grounding-side electrode 7 and the external electrode 9 on the upper side of the silica gel spiral disk 1, between the external electrode 9 on the lower side of the silica gel spiral disk 1 and the high-voltage-side electrode 8, and between the high-voltage-side electrode 8 and the lower connecting member 6; an internal discharge gap is formed between the respective intermediate electrodes 11 of the Tesla valve channel inside the silica gel spiral disk 1.

[0118] In view of the defect that the power-frequency arc between the gaps of a conventional gap-type lightning arrester is difficult to extinguish in time after the flashover of its own gap, this embodiment proposes to internalize the discharge gap. The arc is divided into several short arcs by multiple intermediate electrodes to reduce the difficulty of arc extinction, and through the cooperation of multiple-stage electrodes and the Tesla valve, the promotion of air flow is realized, and the ionization activity in the arc extinguishing chamber is used to help completely extinguish the power-frequency arc, which has the dual functions of lightning protection and arc extinction, greatly improving the lightning protection reliability.

[0119] The series arc extinguishing and lightning protection gap in this embodiment adopts the Tesla valve structure. The Tesla valve is a one-way valve, which has the one-way conductivity to the fluid and at the same time has a blocking effect on the fluid flowing upstream. When the arc enters the arc extinguishing chamber, the air in the arc extinguishing chamber expands to generate a high-speed air flow acting on the arc. By setting multiple-stage Tesla valves, the air flow is transported downward step by step. Utilizing the one-way flow performance of the Tesla valve, the air flow is fully accelerated to achieve high-speed arc extinction. The performance is stable and reliable, and it can be applied to situations with larger line capacities such as 110 kV, solving the long-standing problem of difficult arc extinction of gap-type lightning arresters, and inheriting its advantages of large current-carrying capacity, reliability and durability.

[0120] Carry out simulation verification on the multi-gap lightning arrester using the Tesla valve principle of the present invention.

[0121] Establish a Tesla arc extinguishing channel, carry out air flow compression analysis according to the characteristics of the tortuous and synchronous strong compression of the Tesla channel, select laminar flow for the COMSOL simulation module, and simulate the air flow motion characteristics of the forward channel and the reverse channel respectively.

[0122] The Tesla channel has a certain compression effect, which can accelerate the air flow at a specific position in the channel to a certain effect. The Tesla arc extinguishing structure can extinguish the magnetohydrodynamic arc within 1500 μs, meeting the requirement of extinguishing the power-frequency follow current arc within half a power-frequency cycle (0.01 s), and can extinguish the follow current arc at the first zero crossing of the power-frequency current.

[0123] The analysis result of the Tesla channel velocity field shows that the way of extinguishing the arc by compressing the Tesla channel can meet the extinguishing conditions of the high-energy transient arc magnetohydrodynamics, thereby extinguishing the high-temperature and high-pressure gas generated by the arc.

[0124] Experimental Example 1:

[0125] For the multi-gap lightning arrester using the Tesla valve principle of the present invention, tests such as 50% lightning impulse discharge voltage, lightning impulse volt-time characteristics test, power frequency withstand voltage, large current impulse withstand, and lightning discharge capacity are carried out for verification. The verification process and results are as follows.

[0126] The 50% lightning impulse discharge voltage of the 110 kV multi-chamber lightning arrester meets the standard requirement of ≤ 530 kV. The volt-time characteristic curve is always lower than that of the insulator, effectively protecting the safe operation of the transmission line. After continuously applying a power frequency voltage of 230 kV for 1 min, no external insulation flashover or partial breakdown discharge phenomenon occurs, meeting the standard requirements. When a large current impulse is applied to the lightning arrester, no obvious cracking or damage occurs. The lightning discharge capacity test is carried out, and the test results show that the lightning discharge capacity of the lightning arrester > 3.5 C, meeting the standard requirements.

[0127] Experimental Example 2:

[0128] The following is the process in which the multi-gap lightning arrester using the Tesla valve principle of the present invention can successfully discharge the lightning current and block the power frequency follow current when the 110 kV transmission line is struck by lightning.

[0129] The multi-gap lightning arrester of the present invention is installed on the phase A or phase C line of the 110 kV overhead transmission line. The installation method is in parallel. The top is bolted to the transmission line, and the bottom is bolted to the transmission line tower.

[0130] Lightning discharge has the characteristic of occurring along the shortest and most easily air-ionized breakdown flashover path. When the multi-gap lightning arrester is subjected to a lightning overvoltage exceeding its withstand voltage peak, according to the insulation coordination principle, the impulse discharge voltage of the multi-gap lightning arrester should be lower than the discharge voltage of the protected insulator string. When the lightning current directly strikes the transmission line equipped with the multi-gap lightning arrester of the present invention, the line current increases instantaneously. When the lightning overvoltage reaches the conduction voltage of the multi-gap lightning arrester, the multi-gap lightning arrester comes into play at this time, and the Tesla valve channel is quickly conducted, and the lightning current is discharged to the ground through the multi-gap lightning arrester.

[0131] The specific path of the lightning current discharge arc is from the top through the ball socket 3, the upper connecting piece 5, the grounding side electrode 6, the external electrode 9 on the upper side of the silica gel spiral disc 1, the first end electrode of the Tesla valve channel inside the silica gel spiral disc 1, the middle electrode of the Tesla valve channel inside the silica gel spiral disc 1... the end electrode of the Tesla valve channel inside the silica gel spiral disc 1, the external electrode 9 on the lower side of the silica gel spiral disc 1, the high-voltage side electrode 8, the lower connecting piece 6, the ball head 4 to the metal tower, and finally into the ground.

[0132] After the lightning current reaches the connector through the top connection bolt, an arc channel is established through the discharge between two non-adjacent electrodes. When the arc enters the arc extinguishing chamber, the air in the arc extinguishing chamber expands to generate a high-speed airflow acting on the arc. By setting multiple Tesla valves, the airflow is transported downward step by step. Utilizing the unidirectional flow performance of the Tesla valve channels, the airflow is fully accelerated to achieve high-speed arc extinguishing. Eventually, an arc channel cannot be established, achieving the effect of preventing power frequency follow current.

[0133] It should be noted that in the present invention, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more.

[0134] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, terms such as "set" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or integrated; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; if the connection method is not specifically described, conventional means well-known in the prior art are adopted. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0135] In the description of this specification, the description referring to the term "in this embodiment" means that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0136] Of course, the above description is not a limitation of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above examples. Changes, modifications, additions, or substitutions made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the essence of the present invention should also fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-gap lightning arrester using the Tesla valve principle, characterized in that, It includes a support component and a silicone spiral disc. The support component includes a mandrel, a ball socket connected to the low-voltage end of the mandrel, and a ball head connected to the high-voltage end of the mandrel. One end of the mandrel near the ball socket is provided with an upper connecting piece, and one end of the mandrel near the ball head is provided with a lower connecting piece. A ground-side electrode is installed on the upper connecting piece, and a high-voltage-side electrode is installed on the lower connecting piece. The silicone spiral disc is sleeved on the mandrel between the upper connecting piece and the lower connecting piece. An external electrode is installed on each of the upper and lower sides of the silicone spiral disc. A main gap is formed between the ground-side electrode and the external electrode on the upper side of the silicone spiral disc, and between the high-voltage-side electrode and the external electrode on the lower side of the silicone spiral disc. The inside of the silicone spiral disc is provided with a Tesla valve channel. The Tesla valve channel includes a plurality of Tesla valves and a plurality of intermediate electrodes. A secondary gap is formed between adjacent intermediate electrodes, and a plurality of the secondary gaps form a multi-gap string.

2. The multi-gap lightning arrester using the Tesla valve principle according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the upper connecting piece and the lower connecting piece are electrode plates.

3. The multi-gap lightning arrester using the Tesla valve principle according to claim 2, characterized in that, The ground-side electrode and the external electrode on the upper side of the silicone spiral disc are arranged opposite to each other, and the high-voltage-side electrode and the external electrode on the lower side of the silicone spiral disc are arranged opposite to each other.

4. The multi-gap lightning arrester using the Tesla valve principle according to claim 3, characterized in that, The external electrode includes a conductor and a fixing post. The conductor is installed on the silicone spiral disc through the fixing post.

5. The multi-gap lightning arrester using the Tesla valve principle according to claim 4, characterized in that, The Tesla valve channel includes a main channel. There are a plurality of branch channels on the main channel. The Tesla valve is a valve structure formed by the two ends of the branch channel connecting to the main channel. The intermediate electrode is arranged at the interface of the branch channel and the main channel or is arranged at intervals at the interface of the branch channel and the main channel.

6. The multi-gap lightning arrester using the Tesla valve principle according to claim 5, characterized in that, A metal electrode is fixed on the Tesla valve inside the silicone spiral disc by filling silicone. An arc extinguishing chamber is formed by being wrapped with silicone rubber between adjacent intermediate electrodes.

7. The multi-gap lightning arrester using the Tesla valve principle according to claim 6, characterized in that, A plurality of the intermediate electrodes are evenly distributed inside the silicone spiral disc along the spiral ring direction.

8. The multi-gap lightning arrester using the Tesla valve principle according to claim 7, characterized in that, An external discharge gap is formed between the upper connecting piece and the ground-side electrode, between the ground-side electrode and the external electrode on the upper side of the silicone spiral disc, between the external electrode on the lower side of the silicone spiral disc and the high-voltage-side electrode, and between the high-voltage-side electrode and the lower connecting piece. An internal discharge gap is formed between each intermediate electrode in the Tesla valve channel inside the silicone spiral disc.

9. The multi-gap lightning arrester using the Tesla valve principle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mandrel is processed from a glass fiber reinforced plastic injection insulated silicone rubber sheath. Both the upper connecting piece and the lower connecting piece are metal bodies processed from aluminum or steel. Both the ground-side electrode and the high-voltage-side electrode are processed from copper or stainless steel.

10. The multi-gap lightning arrester using the Tesla valve principle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The silicone spiral disc is made of an insulating silicone rubber material.

11. The multi-gap lightning arrester using the Tesla valve principle according to claim 4, characterized in that, The shape of the conductor is hemispherical, cylindrical or conical. The conductor is processed from copper or stainless steel.

12. The multi-gap lightning arrester using the Tesla valve principle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The length of the main gap is 30 - 100 mm.

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