Composite energy recovery system and electrostatic spinning equipment

Abstract

The invention discloses a composite energy recovery system and electrostatic spinning equipment, and relates to the technical field of electrostatic spinning, and the composite energy recovery system is integrated by an electrostatic charge capture layer, a kinetic energy-electric energy conversion layer and an intelligent energy management layer, so that multi-energy collaborative recovery is realized; specifically, electrostatic charges of charged fibers are collected and captured through an electrostatic charge capturing layer, and meanwhile, in a kinetic energy-electric energy conversion layer, a piezoelectric effect is triggered by fiber impact and contact electrification of fiber sliding is utilized; static charges collected in the static charge capture layer and pulse type electric energy generated in the kinetic energy-electric energy conversion layer are stored in the intelligent energy management layer, so that energy is recycled, and the problem of waste of electric power resources is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of electrospinning, and in particular to a composite energy recovery system and an electrospinning device. Background Art

[0002] Traditional electrospinning devices generally rely on an external high-voltage power supply to provide a driving voltage of 10 - 30 kV during the fiber preparation process, and use the action of electric field force to promote the stretching and forming of polymer jets. There are significant defects in its energy conversion and recovery mechanism.

[0003] Specifically, the surface static charges carried during the fiber deposition process (10 -5 -10 -3 C / m 2 ) need to be released passively to the ground through a metal collector, and the kinetic energy of the high-speed moving fibers is simply dissipated naturally by air resistance, resulting in the overall efficiency of the electric energy conversion link being lower than 30%. Most of the energy input by the high-voltage power supply is wasted in the form of charge dissipation, Joule heat, and mechanical energy loss, and there is a significant problem of waste of electric power resources.

[0004] The above content is only used to assist in understanding the technical solution of the present application, and does not represent an admission that the above content is prior art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The main purpose of the present application is to provide a composite energy recovery system and an electrospinning device, aiming to solve the technical problems corresponding to the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present application proposes a composite energy recovery system, which includes:

[0007] A static charge capture layer, which is arranged above the fiber deposition area and is used to adsorb the static charges of charged fibers and form directional charges;

[0008] A kinetic energy - electric energy conversion layer, which is arranged between the fiber deposition area and the fiber collector and is used to generate pulsed electric energy according to the mechanical impact and sliding action existing during the fiber deposition process;

[0009] An intelligent energy management layer, which is arranged below the fiber collector and is respectively connected to the static charge capture layer and the kinetic energy - electric energy conversion layer, and is used to store the directional charges and pulsed electric energy.

[0010] In one embodiment, the static charge capture layer is a gradient dielectric - conductive composite structure, including a dielectric layer and a conductive layer.

[0011] In one embodiment, the dielectric layer is a porous dielectric material layer, which is used to adsorb static charges through interfacial polarization;

[0012] The conductive layer is a serpentine conductive nanowire grid with a sheet resistance value of less than or equal to 5 ohms per square meter, which is used to conduct the static charge as a directional charge to the intelligent energy management layer.

[0013] In one embodiment, the porous dielectric material layer is a first composite film composed of carbon nanotubes and polyvinylidene fluoride, or a second composite film composed of graphene and polyimide;

[0014] The dielectric constant of the first composite film is greater than or equal to 15;

[0015] The dielectric constant of the second composite film is greater than or equal to 12.

[0016] In one embodiment, the kinetic energy - electrical energy conversion layer includes a piezoelectric - triboelectric coupling array, which includes alternately arranged piezoelectric units and triboelectric units.

[0017] In one embodiment, the piezoelectric unit triggers the piezoelectric effect through the mechanical impact existing in the fiber deposition process and outputs an output voltage greater than or equal to 8V;

[0018] The triboelectric unit induces triboelectrification to generate an output current through the sliding action existing in the fiber deposition process. Among them, when the sliding action is carried out, the triboelectric unit distributes 2.3 microcoulombs of electric charge per square meter of area;

[0019] Among them, the pulsed electrical energy includes an output voltage and an output current.

[0020] In one embodiment, the piezoelectric unit is composed of a lead zirconate titanate microcolumn array or a zinc oxide nanowire array;

[0021] The triboelectric unit is composed of a polydimethylsiloxane micro - dome structure with surface - modified titanium dioxide nanoparticles or a nylon - film triboelectric material.

[0022] In one embodiment, the intelligent energy management layer includes:

[0023] A high - frequency resonant circuit, which is used to match the output impedance of the kinetic energy - electrical energy conversion layer;

[0024] A synchronous charge extraction module, which is used to convert the energy form of the pulsed electrical energy into a steady - state direct current;

[0025] A capacitor bank, which is used to store the steady - state direct current and the directional charge.

[0026] In one embodiment, the intelligent energy management layer is also used for:

[0027] Based on the energy stored in the capacitor bank, performing reverse compensation on the fiber collector.

[0028] In addition, to achieve the above object, the present application also provides an electrospinning device, which includes the composite energy recovery system as described above.

[0029] One or more technical solutions proposed by the present application have at least the following technical effects:

[0030] A composite energy recovery system is proposed, which includes: a static charge capture layer disposed above the fiber deposition area for adsorbing the static charges of charged fibers and forming directional charges; a kinetic energy - electrical energy conversion layer disposed between the fiber deposition area and the fiber collector for generating pulsed electrical energy according to the mechanical impact and sliding action existing during the fiber deposition process; and an intelligent energy management layer disposed below the fiber collector, connected to the static charge capture layer and the kinetic energy - electrical energy conversion layer respectively, for storing the directional charges and pulsed electrical energy.

[0031] In this embodiment, through the composite energy recovery system integrated by the static charge capture layer, the kinetic energy - electrical energy conversion layer and the intelligent energy management layer, multiple - energy collaborative recovery is achieved. Specifically, the static charges of charged fibers are collected and captured by the static charge capture layer. At the same time, in the kinetic energy - electrical energy conversion layer, the piezoelectric effect triggered by fiber impact and the triboelectrification of fiber sliding are utilized to store the static charges collected in the static charge capture layer and the pulsed electrical energy generated in the kinetic energy - electrical energy conversion layer into the intelligent energy management layer, thereby recovering the energy and avoiding the problem of waste of electric power resources. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] The accompanying drawings here are incorporated into the specification and form a part of this specification, showing embodiments consistent with the present application, and are used together with the specification to explain the principles of the present application.

[0033] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, for those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0034] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the brief structure of the composite energy recovery system of the present application;

[0035] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the static charge capture layer of the present application;

[0036] Figure 3 It is a side - view schematic diagram of the piezoelectric - triboelectric coupling array formed based on the lead zirconate titanate micro - column array and the polydimethylsiloxane micro - dome structure of the present application;

[0037] Figure 4This is a top view schematic diagram of the piezoelectric-triboelectric coupling array formed by the lead zirconate titanate microcolumn array and the polydimethylsiloxane microdome structure in the present application;

[0038] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the intelligent energy management layer in the present application;

[0039] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the result of integrating the composite energy recovery system on the electrospinning device in the present application.

[0040] Explanation of the reference numerals in the drawings:

[0041] 10. Static charge capture layer; 101. Dielectric layer; 102. Conductive layer;

[0042] 20. Kinetic energy-electric energy conversion layer; 201. Piezoelectric unit; 202. Triboelectric unit;

[0043] 30. Intelligent energy management layer; 301. High-frequency resonance circuit; 302. Synchronous charge extraction module; 303. Capacitor bank;

[0044] 40. Fiber collector;

[0045] A. Spinning nozzle; B. Charged jet; VCC. High-voltage power supply.

[0046] The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of the present application will be further described with reference to the embodiments and the accompanying drawings. Detailed implementation manners

[0047] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments in the present application without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0048] It should be noted that if there are directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back...) involved in the embodiments of the present application, the directional indications are only used to explain the relative position relationship and movement conditions between components in a specific posture. If the specific posture changes, the directional indications will also change accordingly.

[0049] In addition, if the descriptions such as "first" and "second" are involved in the embodiments of the present application, the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. are only for descriptive purposes and cannot be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In addition, if "and / or" or "and / or" appears throughout the text, its meaning includes three parallel scenarios. Taking "A and / or B" as an example, it includes scenario A, or scenario B, or the scenario where both A and B are satisfied simultaneously. In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but it must be based on the fact that those of ordinary skill in the art can implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the present application.

[0050] Based on this, the embodiments of the present application provide a composite energy recovery system. Refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 which is a schematic diagram of the brief structure of the composite energy recovery system of the present application.

[0051] Refer to Figure 1 as shown, the composite energy recovery system includes:

[0052] A static charge capture layer 10, which is arranged above the fiber deposition area and is used for adsorbing the static charges of charged fibers and forming oriented charges; a kinetic energy - electrical energy conversion layer 20, which is arranged between the fiber deposition area and the fiber collector and is used for generating pulsed electrical energy according to the mechanical impact and sliding action existing in the fiber deposition process; an intelligent energy management layer 30, which is arranged below the fiber collector and is respectively connected to the static charge capture layer 10 and the kinetic energy - electrical energy conversion layer 20 and is used for storing the oriented charges and the pulsed electrical energy.

[0053] In this embodiment, the systematic optimization of energy recovery during the electrospinning process is realized through a multi - layer composite structure design. Among them, the static charge capture layer 10 adopts a high - dielectric composite material to form an oriented electric field above the fiber deposition area, actively adsorb the surface static charges carried by the fibers, and form stable oriented charges through charge rearrangement, not only realizing the efficient capture of charges, but also the formed electric field gradient can synchronously enhance the orientation arrangement of the fibers. The kinetic energy - electrical energy conversion layer 20 can trigger the piezoelectric effect when the fibers impact the fiber deposition area, convert the mechanical impact into pulsed electrical energy through the piezoelectric effect, and at the same time utilize the sliding friction between the fibers and the fiber collector to stimulate the triboelectrification effect to generate pulsed electrical energy, realizing the efficient conversion of kinetic energy into electrical energy under the dual mechanisms. And the intelligent energy management layer 30 can perform filtering and voltage stabilization processing on the pulsed electrical energy and the oriented charges, and store the DC charges of the static charge capture layer 10 and the pulsed electrical energy of the kinetic energy layer.

[0054] The synergistic effect of the three constructs an energy recovery system of "charge capture - mechanical conversion - intelligent storage", enabling the overall charge recovery efficiency of the system to reach approximately 68.3%. Meanwhile, the active recovery of static charges reduces the charge density in the fiber deposition area, significantly reducing the electrostatic repulsion between fibers and enhancing the denseness and mechanical properties of the fiber membrane.

[0055] Among them, referring to Figure 2 As shown, the static charge capture layer 10 is a gradient dielectric - conductive composite structure, including a dielectric layer 101 and a conductive layer 102.

[0056] The static charge capture layer 10 adopts a gradient dielectric - conductive composite structure, and realizes the synergistic effect of charge capture and directional transfer through the spatial coupling effect of the dielectric layer 101 and the conductive layer 102. Among them, the dielectric layer 101 is composed of a high - dielectric - constant ceramic / polymer composite material, and its dielectric constant shows a gradient increasing distribution along the fiber deposition direction, inducing a non - uniform polarization effect in the electrostatic field, and prompting the surface charges of the charged fibers to be gradually adsorbed and enriched on the surface of the dielectric layer 101. The conductive layer 102 forms an interlaced laminated structure with the dielectric layer 101, directing the static charges captured by the dielectric layer 101 into the conductive layer network, and realizing the rapid transmission and aggregation of charges by virtue of the low - impedance characteristics of the conductive layer 102.

[0057] The gradient polarization characteristic of the dielectric layer 101 not only significantly improves the charge adsorption capacity, but also the asymmetric electric field formed by it prompts the fibers to be arranged orderly along the electric field gradient direction during the deposition process; while the function of the rapid charge export of the conductive layer 102 effectively avoids the charge back - flow phenomenon caused by traditional passive grounding, reducing the residual charge density on the surface of the fiber deposition area.

[0058] This dynamic balance design of the dielectric - conductive composite structure not only ensures high charge capture efficiency, but also forms a self - sustaining electric field through the directional migration of charges, synergistically reducing the energy consumption requirements of the external high - voltage power supply, while reducing the electrostatic repulsion effect between fibers, achieving a double breakthrough in material performance and energy recovery.

[0059] Specifically, it can be referred to Figure 2 as shown.

[0060] The dielectric layer 101 is a porous dielectric material layer for adsorbing static charges through interfacial polarization; the conductive layer 102 is a serpentine conductive nanowire grid with a sheet resistance value per square meter less than or equal to 5 ohms, for forming directional charge conduction of static charges to the intelligent energy management layer 30.

[0061] It should be noted that the porous dielectric material layer is a first composite film composed of carbon nanotubes and polyvinylidene fluoride, or a second composite film composed of graphene and polyimide; the dielectric constant of the first composite film is greater than or equal to 15; the dielectric constant of the second composite film is greater than or equal to 12.

[0062] In this embodiment, through the composite design of the porous dielectric material layer and the serpentine conductive nanowire grid, the synergistic enhancement of static charge adsorption and directional conduction is achieved. The dielectric layer 101 is selected from a first composite film composed of carbon nanotubes and polyvinylidene fluoride or a second composite film composed of graphene and polyimide. Among them, the first composite film composed of carbon nanotubes and polyvinylidene fluoride has a dielectric constant greater than or equal to 15, and under an electric field, interfacial polarization occurs, which can efficiently adsorb the static charge on the fiber surface; while the second composite film composed of graphene and polyimide has a dielectric constant greater than or equal to 12, which is suitable for high-temperature spinning environments and can effectively improve the stability of charge capture.

[0063] The conductive layer 102 uses a silver nanowire serpentine grid, and its meandering structure has a sheet resistance of ≤5Ω / m2 under stretching and bending conditions, and through topological optimization, the charge transport path is matched with the polarization direction of the dielectric layer 101, realizing an effective improvement in the charge conduction rate.

[0064] The porous dielectric layer 101 adapts to different process scenarios through the high polarizability of the first composite film composed of carbon nanotubes and polyvinylidene fluoride or the thermal stability of the second composite film composed of graphene and polyimide, while the serpentine conductive grid ensures charge lossless conduction with strain-insensitive characteristics, and under the combined action, a high charge recovery rate is achieved.

[0065] The kinetic energy-electric energy conversion layer 20 includes a piezoelectric-triboelectric coupling array, including alternately arranged piezoelectric units 201 and triboelectric units 202.

[0066] Among them, the piezoelectric unit 201 triggers the piezoelectric effect through the mechanical impact existing in the fiber deposition process, and outputs an output voltage greater than or equal to 8V; the triboelectric unit 202 induces triboelectrification to generate an output current through the sliding action existing in the fiber deposition process. Among them, when the sliding action is carried out, the triboelectric unit 202 has a charge amount of 2.3 microcoulombs distributed per square meter of area; among them, the pulsed electric energy includes the output voltage and the output current.

[0067] It should be noted that the piezoelectric unit 201 is composed of a lead zirconate titanate microcolumn array or a zinc oxide nanowire array; the triboelectric unit 202 is composed of a polydimethylsiloxane microdome structure with surface-modified titanium dioxide nanoparticles or a nylon film triboelectric material.

[0068] In this embodiment, through the material innovation and structural collaborative design of the piezoelectric-triboelectric coupling array, the full-frequency capture and efficient conversion of mechanical impact and sliding friction energy during the fiber deposition process are realized.

[0069] Among them, the piezoelectric unit 201 uses a lead zirconate titanate microcolumn array or a zinc oxide nanowire array as the core functional material. The lead zirconate titanate microcolumn array forms a vertical structure with a diameter of 50 μm and a pitch of 200 μm through the tape casting process. Its high-voltage piezoelectric coefficient can convert the transient stress generated by the piezoelectric effect triggered by the mechanical impact existing during the fiber deposition process into an output voltage greater than or equal to 8V. The zinc oxide nanowire array, relying on its vertically oriented growth characteristics on the flexible substrate, can still maintain a stable piezoelectric effect under low-stress impacts, and is particularly suitable for the gentle deposition scenario of ultra-fine fibers.

[0070] The triboelectric unit 202 realizes enhanced triboelectrification through a polydimethylsiloxane microdome structure or a nylon film with surface-modified titanium dioxide nanoparticles. Among them, the polydimethylsiloxane microdome structure expands the surface work function difference through plasma treatment. When the fiber makes a sliding contact, it can induce an increase in the surface charge density, thereby generating an output current. The nylon film, due to its strong electron capture characteristics, forms a significant double-layer effect when sliding and separating from the positively charged fiber.

[0071] The high-voltage output of the lead zirconate titanate microcolumn array and the high-current characteristics of the polydimethylsiloxane microdome structure achieve voltage-current matching through a parallel circuit; the broadband response characteristics of the zinc oxide nanowire array and the fast charge recovery ability of the nylon film are combined to adapt to the drastic fluctuations in the fiber deposition speed and still maintain a high average energy recovery rate under variable-speed working conditions.

[0072] More importantly, the piezoelectric effect of the piezoelectric unit 201 and the sliding electrification of the triboelectric unit 202 form a coupling effect - when the fiber impacts the array, the lateral deformation of the lead zirconate titanate microcolumn array and the tangential sliding of the polydimethylsiloxane microdome structure occur synchronously. The synergistic effect of the two increases the recovery efficiency of a single composite mechanical energy to 35.7%.

[0073] In addition, the fatigue resistance of the lead zirconate titanate microcolumn array and the wear resistance of the polydimethylsiloxane microdome structure jointly ensure the long-term stability of the array, and the flexible substrate design of the zinc oxide nanowire array and the nylon film enables the array to fit the curved surface collector to achieve three-dimensional energy recovery.

[0074] The collaborative innovation of this multi-material system and cross-scale structure can not only improve the kinetic energy recovery rate of the fibers, but also effectively suppress fiber rebound through the directional dissipation of impact energy. At the same time, the electric energy output by the coupled array can be dynamically allocated by the intelligent energy management layer 30 to make up for the driving energy consumption of the electrospinning system, forming a closed-loop technology system from energy recovery to material property enhancement.

[0075] Among them, the piezoelectric-triboelectric coupled array formed by the lead zirconate titanate microcolumn array and the polydimethylsiloxane microdome structure can be referred to Figure 3 and Figure 4 as shown.

[0076] Specifically, refer to Figure 5 as shown.

[0077] The intelligent energy management layer 30 includes:

[0078] A high-frequency resonant circuit 301 for matching the output impedance of the kinetic energy-electric energy conversion layer 20; a synchronous charge extraction module 302 for converting the energy form of pulsed electric energy into steady-state direct current; a capacitor bank 303 for storing steady-state direct current and directional charges.

[0079] Among them, the intelligent energy management layer 30 is also used for: based on the energy stored in the capacitor bank 303, performing reverse compensation on the fiber collector.

[0080] In this embodiment, through the multi-level collaborative control architecture of the intelligent energy management layer 30, the full-chain optimization of pulsed mechanical energy conversion, storage, and feedback is realized. Its core value lies in converting the unsteady and multi-band energy output into stable and controllable power resources and reversely empowering the fiber deposition process.

[0081] The high-frequency resonant circuit 301 adopts an LC matching network composed of an adjustable inductor and an equivalent capacitor. By dynamically adjusting the resonant frequency to precisely match the output impedance of the kinetic energy-electric energy conversion layer 20, the energy loss caused by impedance mismatch is reduced, effectively improving the energy capture efficiency of the piezoelectric-triboelectric coupled array.

[0082] The synchronous charge extraction module 302 is based on the timing control strategy of an active gating switch and a storage inductor. It triggers energy interception at the moment of the output voltage peak of the piezoelectric unit 201, and at the same time uses the continuous characteristic of the current pulse of the triboelectric unit 202 for charge integration, integrating the intermittent pulsed electric energy into steady-state direct current through interleaved charging and discharging.

[0083] The capacitor bank 303 is a supercapacitor bank using a graphene-carbon nanotube composite electrode, which can quickly store the DC electrical energy output by the synchronous charge extraction module 302, and through a bidirectional DC-DC converter, the stored energy is fed back to the surface of the fiber collector in the form of reverse pulses at irregular intervals, providing 15-20% of the feedback compensation power supply for the fiber collector to form a dynamic charge neutralization effect.

[0084] The low-loss characteristic of the high-frequency resonant circuit 301 provides an energy input with a high signal-to-noise ratio for the synchronous charge extraction module 302, and the multi-mode charge management strategy of the synchronous charge extraction module 302 significantly expands the effective energy storage interval of the capacitor bank 303, avoiding capacity attenuation caused by overcharging and over-discharging. The multi-stage buffer energy storage and intelligent feedback mechanism of the capacitor bank 303 can not only suppress the residual charge density on the surface of the fiber collector, but also break the space charge barrier during the fiber deposition process through the irregular compensation of the reverse electric field, improving the maximum available deposition thickness and fiber orientation degree of the fiber.

[0085] Based on Figure 6 the specific structure of the composite energy recovery system shown, a brief description of the specific energy recovery and feedback process is given.

[0086] The high-voltage power supply VCC applies a voltage to the spinning nozzle A to form a charged jet B from the polymer solution. The charged jet B moves rapidly towards the fiber collector 40 under the drive of the electric field. When passing through the static charge capture layer 10, the surface charge of the charged jet B is adsorbed by the gradient dielectric material and forms a directional charge to be exported to the capacitor bank for storage; subsequently, the charged jet B impacts the kinetic energy-electric energy conversion layer 20, and the piezoelectric and triboelectric coupling units respectively convert the mechanical impact energy and sliding friction energy into pulsed electrical energy. The high-frequency resonant circuit 301 performs frequency matching and impedance tuning on the pulsed electrical energy, and the synchronous charge extraction module 302 intercepts the energy peak through a gating switch and integrates it into a steady DC, which is stored by the capacitor bank. The intelligent energy management circuit monitors the system state in real time and dynamically regulates the energy distribution: on the one hand, the stored electrical energy is fed back to the fiber collector 40 through the reverse compensation power supply module to neutralize the residual charge to optimize the fiber deposition uniformity; on the other hand, it coordinates the timing actions of each module to ensure the efficient connection of the charge capture, energy conversion and storage links. The entire system significantly reduces the dependence on external power supplies through the energy recovery and closed-loop feedback mechanism, while improving the structural compactness and mechanical properties of the fiber membrane.

[0087] In addition, this embodiment also proposes an electrospinning device, which includes the composite energy recovery system described above.

[0088] The above are only some embodiments of the present application, and thus do not limit the patent scope of the present application. Any equivalent structural transformation made under the technical concept of the present application by using the content of the specification and drawings of the present application, or any direct / indirect application in other related technical fields, is included in the patent protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A composite energy recovery system, characterized in that, The composite energy recovery system includes: A static charge capture layer, which is disposed above the fiber deposition area and is used to adsorb the static charges of charged fibers and form directional charges; A kinetic energy - electrical energy conversion layer, which is disposed between the fiber deposition area and the fiber collector and is used to generate pulsed electrical energy according to the mechanical shock and sliding action existing in the fiber deposition process; An intelligent energy management layer, which is disposed below the fiber collector and is connected to the static charge capture layer and the kinetic energy - electrical energy conversion layer respectively, and is used to store the directional charges and the pulsed electrical energy.

2. The composite energy recovery system according to claim 1, wherein The static charge capture layer is a gradient dielectric - conductive composite structure, including a dielectric layer and a conductive layer.

3. The composite energy recovery system according to claim 2, wherein The dielectric layer is a porous dielectric material layer, which is used to adsorb the static charges through interfacial polarization; The conductive layer is a serpentine conductive nanowire grid, and the sheet resistance value per square meter is less than or equal to 5 ohms, which is used to conduct the static charges to form the directional charges to the intelligent energy management layer.

4. The composite energy recovery system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The porous dielectric material layer is a first composite film composed of carbon nanotubes and polyvinylidene fluoride, or a second composite film composed of graphene and polyimide; The dielectric constant of the first composite film is greater than or equal to 15; The dielectric constant of the second composite film is greater than or equal to 12.

5. The composite energy recovery system according to claim 1, characterized in that The kinetic energy - electrical energy conversion layer includes a piezoelectric - triboelectric coupling array, including alternately arranged piezoelectric units and triboelectric units.

6. The composite energy recovery system according to claim 5, wherein The piezoelectric unit triggers the piezoelectric effect through the mechanical shock existing in the fiber deposition process and outputs an output voltage greater than or equal to 8V; The triboelectric unit induces triboelectrification to generate an output current through the sliding action existing in the fiber deposition process. Among them, when the sliding action occurs, the charge amount distributed per square meter area of the triboelectric unit is 2.3 microcoulombs; Among them, the pulsed electrical energy includes the output voltage and the output current.

7. The composite energy recovery system according to claim 6, wherein, The piezoelectric unit is composed of a lead zirconate titanate microcolumn array or a zinc oxide nanowire array; The triboelectric unit is composed of a polydimethylsiloxane microdome structure with surface - modified titanium dioxide nanoparticles or a nylon film triboelectric material.

8. The composite energy recovery system according to claim 1, wherein, The intelligent energy management layer includes: A high - frequency resonant circuit, which is used to match the output impedance of the kinetic energy - electrical energy conversion layer; A synchronous charge extraction module, which is used to convert the energy form of the pulsed electrical energy into steady - state direct current; A capacitor bank, which is used to store the steady - state direct current and the directional charges.

9. The composite energy recovery system according to claim 8, wherein The intelligent energy management layer is also used for: Based on the energy stored in the capacitor bank, performing reverse compensation on the fiber collector.

10. An electrospinning device, characterized in that, The electrospinning device includes the composite energy recovery system according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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