Winch

Abstract

The invention provides a winch with a rope guide mechanism. The winch with the rope guide mechanism can share components with a simple structure. A winch used for moving a hoisting load up and down is used and comprises a winch rack; a rope drum for winding a rope, the rope drum being rotatably supported by a shaft on the winch frame and being driven to rotate by a driving device; and a rope guide mechanism provided in parallel with the rope drum, the rope guide mechanism having a rod supported by the bush on the outside of the rope wound around the rope drum, the rod sliding relative to the rope when the winch winds the rope, and preventing the rope from floating from the rope drum.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an electric winch, a crane equipped with an electric winch, and a device having a rope guide. Background Art

[0002] An electric winch is a winch device of a crane for hoisting and transporting a load, and is a winch provided with an electric motor having a rope drum for driving and winding a steel wire rope for lifting and lowering the load. For the steel wire rope wound around the rope drum, for example, in Patent Document 1, a rope winch is disclosed, which has an unthreaded groove recess where a sliding part of a rope guide mechanism idles in a spiral groove of the rope drum. When the sliding part idles on a flat part of the rope drum, in order to prevent re-engagement with the spiral groove on the end side, a retaining ring is provided on the guide shaft, and an anti-rope expansion ridge for preventing expansion of the steel wire rope is provided in the rope guide mechanism.

[0003] Patent Document 2 discloses a rope winch that uses a rope guide mechanism for preventing irregular winding of a steel wire rope wound around a rope drum of the rope winch, including: a first sliding member having a ridge formed on an inner peripheral side that engages with a spiral rope groove formed on an outer periphery of the rope drum at a certain lead angle, and having a one-end connecting portion and a the other-end connecting portion provided on one side and the other side in the circumferential direction respectively; and a second sliding member having the same shape as the first sliding member and connected to the first sliding member to form an annular ring member. The pitch of the ridges of the first sliding member and the second sliding member is set to be half of the pitch of the rope groove of the rope drum, and the lead of these ridges is set to be the same as the lead of the rope groove.

[0004] Prior Art Documents

[0005] Patent Documents

[0006] Patent Document 1: Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2011-157171

[0007] Patent Document 2: Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2016-16912 Summary of the Invention

[0008] Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0009] The rope guide in an existing electric winch has a steel wire rope fixing part and sliding convex parts arranged in a spiral circumferential shape so as to be embedded in the spiral groove of the rope drum, and the sliding convex parts are embedded in the spiral groove of the rope drum to play a role of guiding the rope fixing part.

[0010] Therefore, the rope fixing part and the sliding convex part need to be designed with different sizes corresponding to the size and shape of the spiral groove determined by the diameter of the rope drum and the diameter of the wire rope. Since there are various types of wire rope guides, it is impossible to achieve component sharing, and it is difficult to reduce costs. Therefore, the price of the electric hoist with a wire rope guide is high, which is one of the reasons why wire rope guides are not popular.

[0011] The present invention has a wire rope guide mechanism that suppresses the expansion of the wire rope without providing a sliding convex part at the wire rope fixing part, and can share components with a simple structure. Thereby, it is possible to prevent the wire rope from jumping out of the groove and multiple winding, and provide an electric hoist with a wire rope guide mechanism at low cost, improving the safety of cranes with electric hoists and equipment with wire rope guides.

[0012] Technical solution for solving the problem

[0013] The above problem is solved by a hoist for moving a load up and down, the hoist comprising: a hoist frame; a rope drum for winding a rope, which is rotatably supported by a shaft on the hoist frame and is rotationally driven by a driving device; and a wire rope guide mechanism arranged in parallel with the rope drum, which has a rod supported by a bushing on the outside of the rope wound around the rope drum, and the rod slides on the rope when the hoist winds the rope, preventing the rope from floating up from the rope drum.

[0014] Effect of the invention

[0015] According to the present invention, by sharing components with a simple structure, it is possible to prevent the wire rope from jumping out of the groove and multiple winding, and improve the safety of electric hoists, cranes with electric hoists, and equipment with wire rope guides at low cost. Description of the drawings

[0016] Figure 1 is an external perspective view of the overall structure of a crane with an electric hoist according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 is a partial cross-sectional perspective view of the overall structure of an electric hoist according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 3 is a partial cross-sectional perspective view of a wire rope guide mechanism of a rope drum with a spiral groove according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 4 is a partial cross-sectional perspective view of a wire rope guide mechanism of a rope drum without a spiral groove according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 5 is Figure 3 a partial perspective view of the wire rope guide mechanism in

[0021] Figure 6 is Figure 3 A partial sectional view of the wire guiding mechanism in

[0022] Figure 7 is Figure 6 A partially enlarged view of the sectional view of the wire guiding mechanism in

[0023] Figure 8 is Figure 7 An exploded view of the wire guiding mechanism in

[0024] Figure 9 is a perspective view of the wire guiding mechanism of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 10 is a layout view of the wire guiding mechanism of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 11 is a partial front view of the wire guiding mechanism of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 12 is Figure 11 A sectional view of the wire guiding mechanism in

[0028] Figure 13 is Figure 11 An exploded view of the wire guiding mechanism in Detailed implementation manners

[0029] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In addition, in each of the drawings for explaining the embodiments, the same reference numerals and symbols are attached to the same components as much as possible, and repeated explanations thereof are omitted.

[0030] Embodiment 1

[0031] Hereinafter, Figures 1 to 12 will be used to explain the embodiments of the present invention. In addition, the present invention is not limited to the illustrated examples.

[0032] First, based on Figure 1 the overall structure and operation status of a crane with an electric winch will be described. Figure 1 is an external perspective view of the overall structure of a crane with an electric winch according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] First, the overall structure of the crane with an electric hoist will be described. There are traveling rails 11a and 11b arranged in pairs opposite to each other, and a crane saddle 20a having driving wheels 25a for traveling and driven wheels 26a is movably provided on the traveling rail 11a. A crane saddle 20b having driving wheels 25b for traveling and driven wheels 26b is movably provided on the traveling rail 11b. In addition, the crane saddles 20a and 20b are connected by a bridge 10.

[0034] On the bridge 10, an electric trolley 2 is movably provided, and a saddle control unit 12 for controlling the crane saddles 20a and 20b is provided. An electric hoist 1 for moving the load up and down is installed on the electric trolley 2, and a crane hook 4 for suspending the load is provided on the electric hoist 1. In addition, on the electric hoist 1, there is a hoist control unit 5 for controlling the electric hoist 1 and the electric trolley 2, and an operation input device 3 for operating the crane with an electric hoist.

[0035] The electric hoist of the present invention is composed of an electric trolley 2, an electric hoist 1, a crane hook 4, and a hoist control unit 5.

[0036] Next, use Figure 1 To describe the operation of the crane with an electric hoist. When the operator inputs an operation using the operation input device 3, the hoist control unit 5 controls the movement of the electric hoist 1 and the electric trolley 2 in accordance with the input control signal, and the load installed on the crane hook 4 can be moved in the Z direction and -Z direction or the X direction and -X direction. In addition, the saddle control unit 12 controls the movement of the crane saddles 20a and 20b in accordance with the control signal input using the operation input device 3 in the same manner, and the load installed on the crane hook 4 can be moved in the Y direction and -Y direction.

[0037] Next, use Figure 2 The external perspective view of to illustrate the overall structure of the electric hoist of this embodiment. Figure 2 This is an example of the electric hoist with a rope guide mechanism of the present invention.

[0038] As Figure 2As shown, with respect to the rope drum 37, there is provided a rope drum 37 which is rotatably supported by a shaft 34 inside the hoist frames 30a and 30b and is arranged to wind and unwind a wire rope 36 by being driven to rotate by a driving device. Outside the hoist frame 30a, a motor 31 and a brake 35 which is a braking mechanism of the motor 31 are assembled and installed as a driving device for rotating the rope drum 37. Outside the hoist frame 30b, a speed reducer 40 for adjusting the rotation speed of the rope drum 37 is assembled and installed. A driving shaft 32 of the motor 31 and a driven shaft 41 of the speed reducer 40 are connected by a coupling 33 to transmit rotation. A shaft 34 of the rope drum 37 is connected to the last-stage gear of the speed reducer 40, and the rope drum 37 rotates using the power of the motor 31.

[0039] In Figures 3 to 12 this embodiment is shown.

[0040] First, Figures 3 to 9 The wire guide mechanism of the embodiment of the present invention shown includes: bushings 52a and 52b rotatably supported by ball bearings 51a and 51b at both end portions of the hoist frame 30, anti-drop members 54a and 54b of the ball bearings 51a and 51b installed on the outer diameters of the bushings 52a and 52b, a rod 50 screwed with a thread formed in the inner diameter portions of the bushings 52a and 52b, and lock nuts 53a and 53b for fixing the position of the rod 50 to prevent the rod 50 from accidentally moving in the direction of the central axis of the cylinder due to vibration.

[0041] The structure and operation of the wire guide mechanism of this embodiment used as described below when the wire rope 36 comes into contact with the rod 50 due to expansion will be described hereinafter.

[0042] As Figure 3 shown, when the groove height dimension of the spiral groove of the rope drum 37 is L, the position of the rod 50 when the wire rope 36 is in contact with the spiral groove of the rope drum 37 is at a position where the distance Ld between the outer periphery of the rod 50 and the outer periphery of the wire rope 36 is less than the dimension L. Thus, when the wire rope 36 expands and floats (bulges) from the spiral groove of the rope drum 37, it comes into direct contact with the rod 50, thereby restricting the floating height dimension so that the wire rope 36 does not float to a height at which it can jump out of the spiral groove of the rope drum 37.

[0043] As Figure 4 shown, when the rope drum 37 does not have a spiral groove, the position of the rod 50 when the wire rope 36 is in contact with the outer periphery of the rope drum 37 is at a position where the distance Ln between the outer periphery of the rod 50 and the outer periphery of the wire rope 36 is less than the diameter of the wire rope. Thus, when the wire rope 36 expands and floats from the spiral groove of the rope drum 37, it comes into direct contact with the rod 50, thereby restricting the floating height dimension so that the wire rope 36 does not catch on the wound wire rope 36.

[0044] As Figures 5 to 7 shown, the rod 50 has threads formed on its surface, and the rod 50 is screwed with the bushings 52a and 52b by engaging with the threads formed on the inner diameter portions of the bushings 52a and 52b.

[0045] The bushings 52a and 52b are fixed by the lock nuts 53a and 53b in such a way that the large diameter shaft end faces on the small diameter shaft side are respectively pressed against the end faces of the winch frames 30a and 30b, and the lock nuts 53a and 53b are used to prevent the rod 50 from accidentally moving in the cylinder central axis direction due to vibration.

[0046] Threads that engage with the threads formed on the rod 50 are formed on the inner diameter portion of the bushing 52, and the rod 50 and the bushing 52 are screwed together by the threads, whereby the rod 50 rotates along the threads that engage with the bushing 52, thus becoming an adjustment mechanism capable of moving the rod in the central axis direction.

[0047] Ball bearings 51a and 51b are respectively fixed on the small diameter shafts of the bushings 52a and 52b, and the ball bearings 51a and 51b are inserted into the hole portions of the winch frames 30a and 30b to support the rod 50 and the bushings 52a and 52b. In addition, in order to prevent the rod 50 from being damaged by the rope tension of the wire rope 36 when the wire rope 36 expands and contacts the rod 50, the ball bearings 51a and 51b that disperse the pressure caused by the rope tension by rotation are provided. The ball bearings 51a and 51b are positioned by the anti - detachment members 54a and 54b in order to prevent the bushings 52a and 52b from moving in the cylinder central axis direction.

[0048] In Figure 8 a partial exploded view of, an example of the anti - detachment members 54a and 54b is shown. The anti - detachment members 54a and 54b fix the shaft C - rings with the grooves provided on the bushings 52a and 52b for positioning.

[0049] Figure 9 and Figure 10 show an example of the configuration of the wire guiding mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0050] As Figure 9 shown, for the wire rope 36, the wire rope 36 is wound around the movable sheaves 42a and 42b on which the crane hook 4 is installed, and the wire rope 36 is wound and unwound by the rope drum 37, whereby the crane hook 4 changes its central position in the height direction. At this time, for the wire rope 36, the wire rope 36 is also wound around the fixed sheave 43 with a fixed position, and the angles θ and θ' of the wire rope 36 wound around the fixed sheave 43 and the movable sheaves 42a and 42b are equal with the movable sheaves 42a and 42b as the centers.

[0051] As Figure 10As shown, the first rod 50 of the embodiment of the present invention is disposed near the entrance and exit where the wire rope 36 is wound and unwound by the rope drum 37. When the point P where the wire rope 36 starts to be in close contact with the rope drum 37 when the wire rope 36 is wound to the limit on the rope drum 37 is connected to the center point O of the cylinder of the rope drum 37 by a straight line, the angle θ1 based on the 6 o'clock direction of the clock, and when the point Q where the wire rope 36 starts to contact the rope drum 37 when the wire rope 36 is unwound from the rope drum 37 to the maximum extent is connected to the center point O of the cylinder of the rope drum 37 by a straight line, among the angles θ2 based on the 6 o'clock direction of the clock, the angle of the angle θ2 is larger.

[0052] Therefore, in order to prevent breakage of the wire guide mechanism such as the rod caused by frequent contact between the wire rope 36 that is not in close contact with the rope drum 37 due to the swaying of the crane hook 4 and the rod 50, the first wire guide mechanism is disposed at an angle of θ2 or more based on the 6 o'clock direction when observing the rope drum from the axial direction, and Figure 3 at a position where the distance Ld between the outer periphery of the rod 50 shown and the outer periphery of the wire rope 36 is less than the dimension L. In addition, when the rope drum 37 does not have a spiral groove, it is disposed at an angle of θ2 or more, and Figure 4 at a position where the distance Ln between the outer periphery of the rod 50 shown and the outer periphery of the wire rope 36 is less than the diameter of the wire rope.

[0053] Thus, when the crane hook 4 is repeatedly moved up and down in a no-load state where no load is suspended on the crane hook 4, or when the crane saddles 20a, 20b and the electric trolley 2 are moved, at the portion where the wire rope 36 starts to float from the rope drum 37 due to vibration, by suppressing the floating of the wire rope 36 with the first wire guide mechanism, it is possible to prevent the wire rope 36 from coming out of the spiral groove of the rope drum 37, jumping to a spiral groove where the wire rope should not be wound originally, and multi-layer winding of the wire rope overlapping on the spiral groove where the wire rope has been wound.

[0054] However, when the operation of the electric hoist 1 is not performed by the operator using the operation input device 3 but automatically performs an operation action determined by programming, etc., and the position of the crane hook 4 is not visually confirmed when the crane hook 4 moves, after the crane hook 4 contacts the ground, the wire rope 36 is unwound from the rope drum 37 without stopping, and the unwound wire rope 36 is pushed out not towards the ground side but towards the rope drum 37 side, and the wire rope 36 floats around the entire circumference of the rope drum 37.

[0055] In this case, since only one rope guide mechanism is insufficient, a rod 50 is added to the winch frame in the order of the positions of 12 o'clock, 3 o'clock, and 6 o'clock when the rope drum is viewed from the axial direction in the unwinding direction of the wire rope 36 relative to the rope drum 37. At this time, if the core wire of the wire rope 36 is hemp or the like, and a wire rope that is easier to bend than the steel core wire rope 36 is wound, the number of rope guide mechanisms can be increased and the intervals can be set to equal intervals.

[0056] then, Figures 11 to 13 In the rope guide mechanism of the embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. Figures 3 to 10 The rope guide mechanism of the embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 1 is a rod 50, a long nut 55, and lock nuts 56a and 56b. Figures 11 to 13 When replacing the parts of the rope guide mechanism of the embodiment of the present invention shown, the rope guide mechanism can be removed and installed without disassembling the parts other than the rope guide mechanism. The structures of the ball bearings 51a and 51b, the bushings 52a and 52b, the anti-dropping parts 54a and 54b, and the locking nuts 53a and 53b remain unchanged.

[0057] In addition, the long nut 55 is Figure 2 and Figure 3 and Figure 5 and Figure 9 In this way, when the number of windings of the wire rope 36 around the rope drum 37 is two, the wire rope 36 is arranged at a portion of the rope drum 37 where there is no spiral groove in the center.

[0058] like Figure 11 and Figure 12 As shown, the rod 50 is divided into two parts, the partial rod 50a and 50b, which are screwed together by a long nut 55 having a substantially cylindrical shape and having threads on the inner surface that match the partial rods 50a and 50b. The long nut 55 is fixed in position by locking nuts 56a and 56b installed in a manner of pressing on both end surfaces of the long nut 55, respectively, and the locking nuts 56a and 56b are used to prevent the long nut 55 from accidentally moving in the direction of the central axis of the cylinder due to vibration.

[0059] By setting the gap dimension Y between the end faces of the partial rods 50a and 50b after the rope guide mechanism is assembled to a dimension X that exceeds the total length of the partial rod 50a protruding from the bushing 52a and the bushing 52a, and the total length of the partial rod 50b protruding from the bushing 52b and the bushing 52b, as shown in FIG. Figure 13 As shown in the partial exploded view, by disassembling the partial rod 50b, locking nut 53b, and locking nut 56b that constitute the rope guide mechanism without disassembling the parts other than the rope guide mechanism, the bushing 52b and ball bearing 51b that are integrated by the anti-slip part 54b can be easily removed.

[0060] By similarly removing partial rod 50a, lock nut 53a, and lock nut 56a, bushing 52a and ball bearing 51a integrated by anti-disengagement member 54a can be removed.

[0061] In this embodiment, an example is described in which rod 50 is constituted by two partial rods 50a and 50b, but three or more partial rods may be used.

[0062] Thus, according to the present invention, there is no need to guide the rope fixing portion by providing a sliding convex portion at the wire rope fixing portion and fitting it into the spiral groove of the rope drum, so that the structure of the wire guide mechanism can be made simple. Furthermore, by making the constituent members not affected by the diameter of the wire rope and the diameter of the rope drum, and making the constituent members common among various rope drums, it is possible to inexpensively prevent the wire rope from jumping out of the groove and multi-layer winding, and inexpensively improve the safety of electric hoists, cranes equipped with electric hoists, and devices with wire guides.

[0063] Description of Reference Numerals

[0064] 1... Electric hoist, 2... Electric trolley, 3... Operation input device, 4... Crane hook, 5... Hoist control unit, 10... Bridge, 11a, 11b... Traveling rails, 12... Saddle control unit, 20a, 20b... Crane saddles, 25a, 25b... Driving wheels for travel, 26a, 26b... Driven wheels, 30a, 30b... Hoist frames, 31... Electric motor, 32... Drive shaft, 33... Coupling, 34... Shaft, 35... Brake, 36... Wire rope, 37... Drum, 40... Reducer, 41... Driven shaft, 42a, 42b... Movable sheave, 43... Fixed sheave, 50... Rod, 50a, 50b... Partial rods, 51a, 51b... Ball bearings, 52a, 52b... Bushings, 53a, 53b... Lock nuts, 54a, 54b... Anti-disengagement members, 55... Long nut, 56a, 56b... Lock nuts.

Claims

1. A hoist for moving a suspended load up and down, characterized in that, Comprising: A hoist frame; A rope drum for winding a rope, which is rotatably supported on the hoist frame by a shaft and is rotationally driven by a driving device; And A rope guide mechanism arranged in parallel with the rope drum, which has a rod supported by a bushing on the outer side of the rope wound around the rope drum, When the hoist winds the rope, the rod slides on the rope to prevent the rope from floating up from the rope drum.

2. The hoist according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rod is installed on the hoist frame in such a way that it is located at the position where the rope starts to contact the rope drum when the rope is unwound to the maximum extent when viewed from a cross-section perpendicular to the axis of the rope drum.

3. The hoist according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the surface of the rope drum does not have a spiral groove for holding the rope, it is arranged such that the distance between the rod and the outer circumference of the rope is less than the diameter of the rope.

4. The hoist according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the surface of the rope drum has a spiral groove for holding the rope, it is arranged such that the distance between the rod and the outer circumference of the rope is less than the groove height of the spiral groove.

5. The hoist according to claim 1, characterized in that: A bearing is provided between the rod and the hoist frame, and the bearing is arranged on the hoist frame in such a way that the rod can rotate when the rope slides relative to the rod.

6. The hoist according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rod is composed of a plurality of partial rods, and the partial rods are joined by long threaded members.

7. The hoist according to claim 2, characterized in that: When observing the rope drum axially in the state where the hoist is fixedly installed, the rod is provided on the hoist frame at the 12 o'clock position, 3 o'clock position, and 6 o'clock position.

8. The hoist according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both ends of the rod are cylindrical and have threads formed on their surfaces, The hoist has an adjusting mechanism, which has a substantially cylindrical bushing inserted into the inner surface of a hole provided in the hoist frame, and threads capable of meshing with the threads formed on the rod are formed on the inner diameter of the bushing. The rod and the bushing are screwed together by the threads, so that the rod can rotate along the threads meshing with the bushing, and thus the position of the rod can move in the direction of the central axis of the cylinder of the rod.

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