Ranging method and related device

Abstract

A ranging method, the method comprising: a first node determining a first security parameter according to a plurality of input parameters (S1301), obtaining a second measurement sequence according to the first security parameter and a first measurement sequence (S1302), and transmitting a first security measurement signal (S1303); the second node determines a first security parameter according to the plurality of input parameters (S1304), and obtains a first measurement sequence through the first security parameter and the first security measurement signal (S1305). Therefore, a measurement signal is not easy to be intercepted by an attacker. The invention further discloses a distance measuring device, a communication device, a chip, a communication system, a terminal, a computer readable storage medium and a computer program product.

Description

A distance measurement method and related device Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to the field of short-range communication technology, such as communication in scenarios such as smart cars, smart homes, smart terminals, and smart manufacturing, and specifically to a ranging method and related apparatus. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of communication technology, intelligent application scenarios such as smart homes, smart cockpits, smart driving, smart manufacturing, and smart transportation have emerged. In these communication scenarios, whether for communication implementation and network connection stability or for specific application scenarios, it may involve determining the distance and / or location of a communication device in the network.

[0003] Measuring distance and / or positioning by transmitting measurement signals between communication devices is an important approach to solving ranging and positioning problems. For example, two nodes in a vehicle can send measurement signals to each other, obtain measurement results based on the signals, and thus determine the distance between the two nodes. However, while people enjoy the convenience of communication ranging, they also face the threat of security vulnerabilities and privacy leaks. For example, an attacker could communicate with a node by sending measurement signals, compromising its security. Alternatively, an attacker could transmit or eavesdrop on measurement signals to obtain the signal and calculate the distance to the other end.

[0004] In short, how to achieve safe ranging is an urgent problem to be solved.

[0005] Summary of the Invention

[0006] The embodiments of the present application provide a ranging method and related devices, which can achieve secure location information measurement and improve communication security.

[0007] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a ranging method, including:

[0008] determining a first security parameter based on a plurality of input parameters, the plurality of input parameters comprising a first random value and a first communication parameter;

[0009] Obtaining a second measurement sequence according to the first safety parameter and the first measurement sequence;

[0010] A first safety measurement signal is sent, where the first safety measurement signal is associated with the second measurement sequence and is used for position information measurement.

[0011] The position information measurement may include one or more of distance measurement, angle measurement, or positioning, etc. Optionally, the method is applied to the first node, for example, implemented by a chip or software unit in the first node.

[0012] In an embodiment of the present application, when a measurement signal is transmitted, the measurement signal is processed based on a random number and communication parameters to obtain a secure measurement signal, which is then transmitted to complete the position information measurement (or simply, position measurement) process. On the one hand, the random number is random and difficult to crack; on the other hand, the communication parameters may change at any time during the communication process. For example, the time unit and frequency unit may change as the transmission progresses, which is also difficult to crack. By processing the measurement signal using random numbers and communication parameters, the difficulty of cracking the measurement signal is greatly increased, thereby achieving secure position measurement and improving communication security.

[0013] Furthermore, the communication parameters can be changed consistently without requiring a communication connection (referring to a communication connection for transmitting service data) between the first and second nodes, thereby reducing the number of connection establishment steps in the location measurement process, reducing the complexity of location measurement, and increasing the versatility of the location measurement process. This method is also applicable to location measurement in various indirect connection scenarios.

[0014] In another possible implementation of the first aspect, the first communication parameter is related to one or more of the following information:

[0015] The sequence number of a first OFDM symbol, the number of a first time unit, or the number of a first frequency unit, wherein the first OFDM symbol is used to carry the first security measurement signal, the first time unit includes the first OFDM symbol, and the first frequency unit includes a frequency resource used to transmit the first security measurement signal.

[0016] In the above implementation, the communication parameters are related to the symbol sequence number, time unit number and frequency unit number. Since the above information will change with the change of communication, the first communication parameters can be updated along with the communication parameters, which greatly increases the difficulty of cracking the first communication parameters and improves the security of the position measurement process.

[0017] In another possible implementation of the first aspect, the first time unit is included in multiple consecutive time units, and the signals carried by the multiple consecutive time units are frequency-hopped according to a preset frequency unit number sequence during transmission, and the number of the first frequency unit belongs to the preset frequency unit number sequence.

[0018] In the above-described embodiment, the signal can be transmitted using frequency hopping, thereby increasing transmission bandwidth and improving transmission efficiency. Because the first communication parameter is related to the frequency unit number, frequency hopping transmission can increase the frequency of frequency number changes, making it more difficult to crack the first communication parameter and thus enhancing security. The solution of the present application is applicable to frequency hopping transmission, which not only increases security but also improves the accuracy of position measurement through frequency hopping transmission.

[0019] In another possible implementation of the first aspect, the first communication parameter is associated with a position of the first OFDM symbol relative to the second OFDM symbol, wherein the first OFDM symbol carries the first safety measurement signal, the second OFDM symbol is used to carry the second safety measurement signal, and the first communication parameter corresponding to the second safety measurement signal is a preset value.

[0020] In this embodiment, the first communication parameter has different values ​​in different symbols, and these values ​​are correlated. Therefore, to crack a specific first communication parameter, it is necessary to first obtain the preset value of the first communication parameter. Since the previous parameter is difficult to crack, this can increase the difficulty of cracking the first communication parameter and improve security.

[0021] In another possible implementation of the first aspect, obtaining the second measurement sequence according to the first security parameter and the first measurement sequence includes:

[0022] The first measurement sequence is scrambled using the first security parameter to obtain the second measurement sequence.

[0023] In another possible implementation of the first aspect, obtaining the second measurement sequence according to the first security parameter and the first measurement sequence includes:

[0024] The first security parameter and the first measurement sequence are XORed to obtain the second measurement sequence.

[0025] In another possible implementation of the first aspect, determining the first security parameter based on multiple input parameters includes:

[0026] N bit sequences are obtained according to the multiple input parameters, where the N bit sequences include the first security parameter, where N is an integer and N≥1.

[0027] In this embodiment, the first security parameter is obtained based on one or more bit sequences, which can improve the flexibility of the bit length of the first security parameter and is suitable for measurement signal security processing under multiple modulation modes and multiple carrier widths, such as encryption or scrambling.

[0028] As a possible implementation, when the required length of the first security parameter is relatively short, some bits can be truncated from the bit sequence to obtain the first security parameter; when the required length of the first security parameter is relatively long, the first security parameter can be spliced ​​from multiple sequences.

[0029] In yet another possible implementation of the first aspect, when N is greater than 1, the multiple input parameters further include a fresh parameter; and obtaining N bit sequences according to the multiple input parameters includes:

[0030] The N bit sequences are obtained according to the first random value, the first communication parameter, and the fresh parameter, wherein the fresh parameter is updated after each bit sequence in the N bit sequences is obtained.

[0031] In this embodiment, by updating fresh parameters, the input parameters used when generating different bit sequences are different, thereby making the generated security parameters more difficult to crack and improving security.

[0032] In another possible implementation of the first aspect, a fresh parameter corresponding to a first bit sequence among the N bit sequences is a preset value, and a fresh parameter corresponding to a second bit sequence among the N bit sequences is associated with the preset value and a sequence number of the second bit sequence, wherein the second bit sequence is different from the first bit sequence.

[0033] In another possible implementation of the first aspect, when N is greater than 1, obtaining N bit sequences according to the multiple input parameters includes:

[0034] Obtaining a first bit sequence among the N bit sequences according to the multiple input parameters;

[0035] An Ith bit sequence is obtained according to the multiple input parameters and the I-1th bit sequence, where I is an integer and N≥I≥2.

[0036] This implementation method can achieve different input parameters for N bit sequences, thereby obtaining different bit sequences, thereby improving security.

[0037] In another possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the first safety measurement signal includes multiple sub-measurement signals, and the multiple sub-measurement signals are sent by multiple antennas;

[0038] The first measurement sequence includes a plurality of first subsequences, wherein the plurality of subsequences respectively use different parts of the first security parameter to generate a plurality of second subsequences, and the plurality of second subsequences belong to the second measurement sequence;

[0039] Each sub-measurement signal corresponds to one of the multiple second sub-sequences.

[0040] In this embodiment, multiple antennas transmit multiple measurement signals, each of which uses the same first security parameter. However, each measurement signal may use a different portion of the first security parameter. For example, the measurement signal transmitted by antenna 1 uses bits 0-76, while antenna 2 uses bits 77-152, and so on.

[0041] Of course, multiple measurement signals sent by multiple antennas may also use the same part of the security parameter, or different parts used by the multiple measurement signals may overlap. The present application is also applicable to these situations.

[0042] This implementation is applicable to a first node with multiple antennas, and can achieve secure position measurement under Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) technology, thereby improving the utilization of spatial resources and the efficiency of position measurement.

[0043] In yet another possible implementation of the first aspect, the method is applied to a first node, and the method further includes:

[0044] The first safety measurement signal is sent to a second node, where the first safety measurement signal is used to measure a distance between the first node and the second node.

[0045] In another possible implementation of the first aspect, the first random number is determined by the first node; and the method further includes:

[0046] The first random number is sent to the second node.

[0047] In another possible implementation of the first aspect, the method further includes:

[0048] The first random number is received from the second node.

[0049] In another possible implementation of the first aspect, the first random number is determined by the first node, and the method further includes:

[0050] The first random number is sent to the third node.

[0051] In another possible implementation of the first aspect, the method further includes:

[0052] A communication address of the second node is received from the third node.

[0053] In another possible implementation of the first aspect, the third node is a node that sends data scheduling information, and the first node is a node that receives and / or sends data based on the data scheduling information.

[0054] In another possible implementation of the first aspect, the first communication parameter comes from a management node, and the management node is a node that sends data scheduling information.

[0055] Optionally, the first node is a management node, or the third node is a management node, or the second node is a management node.

[0056] In yet another possible implementation of the first aspect, the first measurement sequence is a pseudo-random sequence.

[0057] In another possible implementation of the first aspect, the multiple input parameters further include indication information, where the indication information indicates at least one antenna among the multiple antennas;

[0058] The first safety measurement signal is transmitted via the at least one antenna.

[0059] This implementation is applicable to a first node with multiple antennas, and can achieve secure position measurement under Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) technology, thereby improving the utilization of space resources and the efficiency of position measurement.

[0060] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a ranging method, including:

[0061] determining a first security parameter based on a plurality of input parameters, the plurality of input parameters comprising a first random value and a first communication parameter;

[0062] receiving a first safety measurement signal, where the first safety measurement signal is associated with the second measurement sequence, and the first safety measurement signal is used for position information measurement;

[0063] A first measurement sequence is obtained using the first safety parameter and the first safety measurement signal.

[0064] In a possible implementation of the second aspect, the first communication parameter is related to one or more of the following information:

[0065] The sequence number of a first OFDM symbol, the number of a first time unit, or the number of a first frequency unit, wherein the first OFDM symbol is used to carry the first security measurement signal, the first time unit includes the first OFDM symbol, and the first frequency unit includes a frequency resource used to transmit the first security measurement signal.

[0066] In another possible implementation of the second aspect, the first time unit is included in multiple consecutive time units, and the signals carried by the multiple consecutive time units are frequency-hopped according to a preset frequency unit number sequence during transmission, and the number of the first frequency unit belongs to the preset frequency unit number sequence.

[0067] In another possible implementation of the second aspect, the first communication parameter is associated with a position of the first OFDM symbol relative to the second OFDM symbol, wherein the first OFDM symbol carries the first safety measurement signal, the second OFDM symbol is used to carry the second safety measurement signal, and the first communication parameter corresponding to the second safety measurement signal is a preset value.

[0068] In yet another possible implementation of the second aspect, obtaining a first measurement sequence using the first safety parameter and the first safety measurement signal includes:

[0069] The second measurement sequence is descrambled using the first security parameter to obtain the first measurement sequence.

[0070] In yet another possible implementation of the second aspect, obtaining a first measurement sequence using the first safety parameter and the first safety measurement signal includes:

[0071] The first security parameter and the second measurement sequence are XORed to obtain the first measurement sequence.

[0072] In yet another possible implementation of the second aspect, determining the first security parameter based on multiple input parameters includes:

[0073] N bit sequences are obtained according to the multiple input parameters, where the N bit sequences include the first security parameter, where N is an integer and N≥1.

[0074] In yet another possible implementation of the second aspect, when N is greater than 1, the multiple input parameters further include a fresh parameter; and obtaining N bit sequences according to the multiple input parameters includes:

[0075] The N bit sequences are obtained according to the first random value, the first communication parameter, and the fresh parameter, wherein the fresh parameter is updated after each bit sequence in the N bit sequences is obtained.

[0076] In another possible implementation of the second aspect, a fresh parameter corresponding to a first bit sequence among the N bit sequences is a preset value, and a fresh parameter corresponding to a second bit sequence among the N bit sequences is associated with the preset value and a sequence number of the second bit sequence, wherein the second bit sequence is different from the first bit sequence.

[0077] In yet another possible implementation of the second aspect, when N is greater than 1, obtaining N bit sequences according to the multiple input parameters includes:

[0078] Obtaining a first bit sequence among the N bit sequences according to the multiple input parameters;

[0079] An Ith bit sequence is obtained according to the multiple input parameters and the I-1th bit sequence, where I is an integer and N≥I≥2.

[0080] In another possible implementation of the second aspect, the first safety measurement signal includes multiple sub-measurement signals, and the multiple sub-measurement signals are sent by multiple antennas of the first node and respectively received by multiple antennas of the second node;

[0081] The first measurement sequence includes a plurality of first subsequences, wherein the plurality of subsequences respectively use different parts of the first security parameter to generate a plurality of second subsequences, and the plurality of second subsequences belong to the second measurement sequence;

[0082] Each sub-measurement signal corresponds to one of the multiple second sub-sequences.

[0083] In another possible implementation of the second aspect, the method further includes:

[0084] A first random number is received from the first node.

[0085] In another possible implementation of the second aspect, the method further includes:

[0086] determining a first random number;

[0087] The first random number is sent to the first node.

[0088] In another possible implementation of the second aspect, the method further includes:

[0089] The first random number sent by a third node is received, where the first random number comes from the first node.

[0090] In another possible implementation of the second aspect, the method further includes:

[0091] The communication address of the first node is received from the third node.

[0092] In another possible implementation of the second aspect, the third node is a node that sends data scheduling information, and the first node is a node that receives and / or sends data based on the data scheduling information.

[0093] In another possible implementation of the second aspect, the first communication parameter comes from a management node, and the management node is a node that sends data scheduling information.

[0094] In yet another possible implementation of the second aspect, the first measurement sequence is a pseudo-random sequence.

[0095] In yet another possible implementation of the second aspect, the multiple input parameters further include indication information, where the indication information indicates at least one antenna among the multiple antennas; and the first safety measurement signal is transmitted through the at least one antenna.

[0096] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a communication device, including a processing unit and a communication unit. The communication device is used to implement the ranging method described in any one of the first aspects.

[0097] Optionally, the communication device may be included in the first node.

[0098] In a possible implementation of the third aspect, the processing unit is configured to determine the first security parameter based on a plurality of input parameters, where the plurality of input parameters include a first random value and a first communication parameter;

[0099] The processing unit is further configured to obtain a second measurement sequence based on the first security parameter and the first measurement sequence;

[0100] The communication unit is configured to send a first safety measurement signal, where the first safety measurement signal is associated with the second measurement sequence and is used for position information measurement.

[0101] In another possible implementation of the third aspect, the first communication parameter is related to one or more of the following information:

[0102] The sequence number of a first OFDM symbol, the number of a first time unit, or the number of a first frequency unit, wherein the first OFDM symbol is used to carry the first safety measurement signal, the first time unit includes the first OFDM symbol, and the first frequency unit includes a frequency resource used to transmit the first safety measurement signal.

[0103] In another possible implementation of the third aspect, the first time unit is included in multiple consecutive time units, and the signals carried by the multiple consecutive time units are frequency-hopped according to a preset frequency unit number sequence during transmission, and the number of the first frequency unit belongs to the preset frequency unit number sequence.

[0104] In another possible implementation of the third aspect, the first communication parameter is associated with a position of the first OFDM symbol relative to the second OFDM symbol, wherein the first OFDM symbol carries the first safety measurement signal, the second OFDM symbol is used to carry the second safety measurement signal, and the first communication parameter corresponding to the second safety measurement signal is a preset value.

[0105] In yet another possible implementation of the third aspect, the processing unit is further configured to scramble the first measurement sequence using the first security parameter to obtain the second measurement sequence.

[0106] In yet another possible implementation of the third aspect, the processing unit is further configured to perform an exclusive OR operation on the first security parameter and the first measurement sequence to obtain the second measurement sequence.

[0107] In another possible implementation of the third aspect, the processing unit is further configured to:

[0108] N bit sequences are obtained according to the multiple input parameters, where the N bit sequences include the first security parameter, and N is an integer and N≥1.

[0109] In yet another possible implementation of the third aspect, when N is greater than 1, the multiple input parameters further include a fresh parameter; and the processing unit is further configured to:

[0110] The N bit sequences are obtained according to the first random value, the first communication parameter, and the fresh parameter, wherein the fresh parameter is updated after each bit sequence in the N bit sequences is obtained.

[0111] In another possible implementation of the third aspect, a fresh parameter corresponding to a first bit sequence among the N bit sequences is a preset value, and a fresh parameter corresponding to a second bit sequence among the N bit sequences is associated with the preset value and a sequence number of the second bit sequence, wherein the second bit sequence is different from the first bit sequence.

[0112] In yet another possible implementation of the third aspect, when N is greater than 1, the processing unit is further configured to:

[0113] Obtaining a first bit sequence among the N bit sequences according to the multiple input parameters;

[0114] An Ith bit sequence is obtained according to the multiple input parameters and the I-1th bit sequence, where I is an integer and N≥I≥2.

[0115] In yet another possible implementation manner of the third aspect, the first safety measurement signal includes multiple sub-measurement signals, and the multiple sub-measurement signals are sent by multiple antennas;

[0116] The first measurement sequence includes a plurality of first subsequences, wherein the plurality of subsequences respectively use different parts of the first security parameter to generate a plurality of second subsequences, and the plurality of second subsequences belong to the second measurement sequence;

[0117] Each sub-measurement signal corresponds to one of the multiple second sub-sequences.

[0118] In yet another possible implementation of the third aspect, the communication unit is further configured to send the first safety measurement signal to the second node, where the first safety measurement signal is used to measure a distance between the first node and the second node.

[0119] In another possible implementation of the third aspect, the first random number is determined by the first node; and the communication unit is further configured to send the first random number to the second node.

[0120] In yet another possible implementation of the third aspect, the communication unit is further configured to receive the first random number from the second node.

[0121] In yet another possible implementation of the third aspect, the first random number is determined by the first node, and the communication unit is further configured to send the first random number to a third node.

[0122] In yet another possible implementation of the third aspect, the communication unit is further configured to receive a communication address of the second node from the third node.

[0123] In another possible implementation of the third aspect, the third node is a node that sends data scheduling information, and the first node is a node that receives and / or sends data based on the data scheduling information.

[0124] In yet another possible implementation of the third aspect, the first communication parameter comes from a management node, and the management node is a node that sends data scheduling information.

[0125] Optionally, the first node is a management node, or the third node is a management node, or the second node is a management node.

[0126] In yet another possible implementation of the third aspect, the first measurement sequence is a pseudo-random sequence.

[0127] In yet another possible implementation manner of the third aspect, the multiple input parameters further include indication information, where the indication information indicates at least one antenna among the multiple antennas; and the first safety measurement signal is transmitted through the at least one antenna.

[0128] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a communication device, comprising a processing unit and a communication unit. The communication device is configured to implement the ranging method described in any one of the second aspects.

[0129] Optionally, the communication device may be included in the second node.

[0130] In a possible implementation of the fourth aspect, the processing unit is configured to determine the first security parameter based on a plurality of input parameters, where the plurality of input parameters include a first random value and a first communication parameter;

[0131] The communication unit is configured to receive a first safety measurement signal, where the first safety measurement signal is associated with the second measurement sequence and is used for position information measurement;

[0132] The processing unit is further configured to obtain a first measurement sequence using the first safety parameter and the first safety measurement signal.

[0133] In another possible implementation of the fourth aspect, the first communication parameter is related to one or more of the following information:

[0134] The sequence number of a first OFDM symbol, the number of a first time unit, or the number of a first frequency unit, wherein the first OFDM symbol is used to carry the first security measurement signal, the first time unit includes the first OFDM symbol, and the first frequency unit includes a frequency resource used to transmit the first security measurement signal.

[0135] In another possible implementation of the fourth aspect, the first time unit is included in multiple consecutive time units, and the signals carried by the multiple consecutive time units are frequency-hopped according to a preset frequency unit numbering sequence during transmission, and the number of the first frequency unit belongs to the preset frequency unit numbering sequence.

[0136] In another possible implementation of the fourth aspect, the first communication parameter is associated with a position of the first OFDM symbol relative to the second OFDM symbol, wherein the first OFDM symbol carries the first safety measurement signal, the second OFDM symbol is used to carry the second safety measurement signal, and the first communication parameter corresponding to the second safety measurement signal is a preset value.

[0137] In yet another possible implementation of the fourth aspect, the processing unit is further configured to descramble the second measurement sequence using the first security parameter to obtain the first measurement sequence.

[0138] In yet another possible implementation of the fourth aspect, the processing unit is further configured to perform an exclusive-OR operation on the first security parameter and the second measurement sequence to obtain the first measurement sequence.

[0139] In yet another possible implementation of the fourth aspect, the processing unit is further configured to:

[0140] N bit sequences are obtained according to the multiple input parameters, where the N bit sequences include the first security parameter, where N is an integer and N≥1.

[0141] In another possible implementation of the fourth aspect, when N is greater than 1, the multiple input parameters also include a fresh parameter; the processing unit is further used to obtain the N bit sequences based on the first random value, the first communication parameter and the fresh parameter, wherein the fresh parameter is updated after each bit sequence in the N bit sequences is obtained.

[0142] In another possible implementation of the fourth aspect, a fresh parameter corresponding to a first bit sequence among the N bit sequences is a preset value, and a fresh parameter corresponding to a second bit sequence among the N bit sequences is associated with the preset value and a sequence number of the second bit sequence, wherein the second bit sequence is different from the first bit sequence.

[0143] In yet another possible implementation of the fourth aspect, when N is greater than 1, the processing unit is further configured to:

[0144] Obtaining a first bit sequence among the N bit sequences according to the multiple input parameters;

[0145] An Ith bit sequence is obtained according to the multiple input parameters and the I-1th bit sequence, where I is an integer and N≥I≥2.

[0146] In yet another possible implementation of the fourth aspect, the first safety measurement signal includes multiple sub-measurement signals, and the multiple sub-measurement signals are sent by multiple antennas of the first node and respectively received by multiple antennas of the second node;

[0147] The first measurement sequence includes a plurality of first subsequences, wherein the plurality of subsequences respectively use different parts of the first security parameter to generate a plurality of second subsequences, and the plurality of second subsequences belong to the second measurement sequence;

[0148] Each sub-measurement signal corresponds to one of the multiple second sub-sequences.

[0149] In yet another possible implementation of the fourth aspect, the communication unit is further configured to receive a first random number from the first node.

[0150] In yet another possible implementation of the fourth aspect, the processing unit is further configured to determine a first random number;

[0151] The communication unit is further configured to send the first random number to the first node.

[0152] In yet another possible implementation of the fourth aspect, the communication unit is further configured to receive the first random number sent by a third node, where the first random number comes from the first node.

[0153] In yet another possible implementation of the fourth aspect, the communication unit is further configured to receive the communication address of the first node from the third node.

[0154] In another possible implementation of the fourth aspect, the third node is a node that sends data scheduling information, and the first node is a node that receives and / or sends data based on the data scheduling information.

[0155] In another possible implementation of the fourth aspect, the first communication parameter comes from a management node, and the management node is a node that sends data scheduling information.

[0156] In yet another possible implementation of the fourth aspect, the first measurement sequence is a pseudo-random sequence.

[0157] In yet another possible implementation manner of the fourth aspect, the multiple input parameters further include indication information, where the indication information indicates at least one antenna among the multiple antennas; and the first safety measurement signal is transmitted through the at least one antenna.

[0158] In a fifth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a communication device, which includes a processor; when the processor calls a computer program or instruction in a memory, the method described in any one of the first aspects is executed, or the method described in any one of the second aspects is executed.

[0159] Optionally, the computing device further includes a communication interface, wherein the communication interface is used to receive and / or send data, and / or the communication interface is used to provide input and / or output for the processor.

[0160] It should be noted that the above embodiments are described using a processor (or general-purpose processor) that executes a method by calling a computer instruction. In specific implementations, the processor may also be a dedicated processor, in which case the computer instructions are pre-loaded into the processor. Alternatively, the processor may include both a dedicated processor and a general-purpose processor.

[0161] Optionally, the communication device may further include a memory, which may be used to store computer programs or instructions. Furthermore, the memory may be located outside the processor, or integrated with the memory.

[0162] In a sixth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a chip comprising a processor; when the processor calls a computer program or instruction in a memory, the method described in any one of the first aspects above is executed, or the method described in any one of the second aspects above is executed.

[0163] Optionally, the chip further includes a communication interface, where the communication interface is used to receive and / or send data, and / or the communication interface is used to provide input and / or output for the processor.

[0164] Optionally, the chip may further include a memory, which may be used to store computer programs or instructions. Furthermore, the memory may be located outside the processor, or integrated with the memory.

[0165] In a seventh aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a communication system, wherein the communication system includes a first node and a second node.

[0166] The first node includes the communication device described in any one of the third aspects;

[0167] The second node includes the communication device described in any one of the fourth aspects.

[0168] Optionally, the communication system further includes a management node, and the management node has a communication connection with the first node and the second node.

[0169] In the eighth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a terminal, which includes the communication device described in any one of the third aspects, or the communication device described in any one of the fourth aspects, or the communication device described in any one of the fifth aspects, or the chip described in any one of the sixth aspects, or the communication system described in any one of the seventh aspects.

[0170] Optionally, the terminal may be an intelligent terminal or transportation tool such as a vehicle, a drone, or a robot.

[0171] In the ninth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, which is used to store instructions or computer programs. When the instructions or the computer program are executed, the method described in any one of the first aspects or the method described in any one of the second aspects is implemented.

[0172] In a tenth aspect, the present application provides a computer program product, the computer program product including computer instructions or a computer program,

[0173] When the instruction or the computer program is executed, the method described in any one of the first aspects or the method described in any one of the second aspects is implemented.

[0174] Optionally, the computer program product may be a software installation package or an image package. When the aforementioned method is required, the computer program product may be downloaded and executed on a computing device.

[0175] The beneficial effects of the technical solutions provided in the second to tenth aspects of this application can refer to the beneficial effects of the technical solution in the first aspect, and will not be repeated here. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0176] The following is a brief introduction to the drawings used in describing the embodiments.

[0177] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of a time unit provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0178] FIG2 is a schematic diagram of a carrier signal and subcarriers provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0179] FIG3 is a schematic diagram of another time unit provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0180] FIG4 is a schematic diagram of a frequency hopping method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0181] FIG5 is a schematic diagram of a vehicle-mounted positioning scenario provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0182] FIG6 is a schematic diagram of a communication architecture provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0183] FIG7 is a schematic diagram of another communication architecture provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0184] FIG8 is a schematic diagram of a communication system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0185] FIG9 is a schematic diagram of another communication system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0186] FIG10 is a schematic diagram of a ranging interaction provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0187] FIG11 is a schematic diagram of another communication system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0188] FIG12 is a schematic diagram of a ranging interaction provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0189] FIG13 is a flow chart of a distance measurement method according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0190] FIG14 is a schematic diagram of a change in a first communication parameter provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0191] FIG15 is a schematic diagram of allocation of a bit sequence provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0192] FIG16 is a flow chart of another ranging method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0193] FIG17 is a flow chart of another ranging method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0194] FIG18 is a flow chart of another ranging method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0195] FIG19 is a flow chart of another ranging method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0196] FIG20 is a flow chart of another ranging method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0197] FIG21 is a flow chart of another ranging method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0198] FIG22 is a flow chart of another ranging method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0199] FIG23 is a flow chart of another ranging method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0200] FIG24 is a flow chart of another ranging method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0201] FIG25 is a flow chart of another ranging method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0202] FIG26 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0203] Figure 27 is a structural diagram of another communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0204] In order to facilitate understanding of the detailed implementation of the embodiments of the present application, the technical terms involved in the embodiments of the present application are described below.

[0205] 1. Node

[0206] A node is a device with communication capabilities, including but not limited to one or more of terminal devices, network devices, industrial devices, or entertainment devices.

[0207] Among them, terminal devices include handheld terminals, wearable terminals, vehicles, on-board devices, sensing devices, smart home devices, etc. Handheld terminals include but are not limited to mobile phones, tablets, or laptops, etc. Wearable devices include but are not limited to headphones, smart bracelets, smart watches, or smart glasses, etc. Vehicles include but are not limited to vehicles, ships, aircraft, rail transit (such as subways, high-speed railways, etc.), or logistics robots (such as automated guided vehicles (AGVs)), etc. On-board devices include but are not limited to domain controllers (DC), screens, microphones, speakers, electronic keys, keyless entry, start system controllers, battery management systems (BMS), battery packs, or battery cells, etc. Sensing devices include but are not limited to cameras, radars, lidars, light sensors, temperature sensors, or humidity sensors, etc. Smart home devices include but are not limited to projectors, smart TVs, smart refrigerators, smart home gateways, or security equipment, etc.

[0208] Network devices include, but are not limited to, routers, switches, or base stations. Industrial equipment includes industrial robots and robotic arms. Leisure and entertainment devices include virtual reality (VR) devices, mixed reality (MR) devices, massage chairs, home theaters, game consoles, and 4D cinema cabins.

[0209] The nodes in the embodiments can be applied to various scenarios such as smart cars, smart homes, smart terminals, smart manufacturing, or smart exhibition halls. In some application scenarios or certain network types, devices with similar communication capabilities may not be called nodes. However, for the convenience of description, in the embodiments of this application, devices with communication capabilities are collectively referred to as nodes.

[0210] 2. Terminal (T) nodes and management (Grant, G) nodes

[0211] In a communication system, nodes include G nodes and T nodes. G nodes manage a certain number of T nodes, connecting with these T nodes to jointly complete communication functions. G nodes manage T nodes in multiple ways, such as allocating transmission resources and configuring communication domain parameters for T nodes. As a possible implementation, G nodes can send data scheduling information, while T nodes can receive data scheduling information and send and receive data based on the data scheduling information. The link through which a G node sends signals to other nodes (such as a T node) is called a G link, and the link through which a T node sends signals to other nodes (such as a G node) is called a T link.

[0212] In some possible implementations, a G node and its connected T nodes belong to a communication domain. Optionally, the number of G nodes in a communication domain can be one or more. Exemplarily, a single G node and its connected T nodes together constitute a communication domain.

[0213] 3. Solve nodes

[0214] A node that calculates location information (including ranging, angle measurement, and positioning) based on the measurement results reported by the node. The ranging calculation results include one or more of the following: the distance between the node to be measured and the anchor point, the position of the node to be measured, or the angle of the node to be measured.

[0215] 4. Fresh parameters

[0216] A freshness parameter, also known as freshness, is a parameter used in information security to generate secret values, authentication codes, and other information. It can include one or more of a random number, a counter, a serial number, or a sequence number. A unique random number (NONCE) is a random number that is used only once.

[0217] Fresh parameters generated at different times are usually different. In some scenarios, the value of the fresh parameter changes each time the fresh parameter is generated, so that the fresh parameters used to generate the secret value this time are different from the fresh parameters used when the secret value was generated last time, thereby improving the security of the generated secret value.

[0218] 5. Derivation Algorithm

[0219] A derivation algorithm (or derivation algorithm) is used to derive one or more derived values ​​from one or more secret values, thereby deriving the secret value. A derivation algorithm may include one or more of a hash algorithm, a message authentication code, a key derivation function (KDF), or an algorithm. Some embodiments of this application use KDF as an example to illustrate the derivation algorithm, and are not intended to limit the use of any derivation algorithm.

[0220] Exemplarily, the derivation algorithm includes but is not limited to the Hash-based Message Authentication Code-SM3 (HMAC-SM3) algorithm, the Hash-based Message Authentication Code-Secure Hash Algorithm (HMAC-SHA), the password-based key derivation function (PBKDF), the scrypt algorithm, etc. Optionally, the secure hash algorithm can be SHA-224, SHA-256, SHA-384, or SHA-512. When the secure hash algorithm is SHA-256, HMAC-SHA can also be referred to as HMAC-SHA256. Similarly, when the secure hash algorithm is SHA-224, HMAC-SHA can also be referred to as HMAC-SHA224. Similar name replacements can also be made for the remaining hash algorithms, which are not listed one by one here. Optionally, the PBKDF algorithm includes the first-generation PBKDF1 and the second-generation PBKDF2.

[0221] 6. Time Unit

[0222] A time unit is a concept in the time domain. It can be a superframe, radio frame, symbol, mini-slot, slot, subframe, or symbol. A superframe is a time unit consisting of multiple radio frames, a radio frame is a time unit smaller than a superframe, and a symbol is a time unit even smaller than a radio frame.

[0223] A superframe contains one or more radio frames, and a radio frame contains one or more symbols. Symbols can be, for example, orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols. For example, the SparkLink basic (SLB) standard involved in the Spark Alliance specifies the frame structure of superframes and radio frames. The superframe period is 1 millisecond (ms), that is, the duration of the superframe is 1ms, and a superframe contains 48 radio frames. The duration of each radio frame is 1 / 48 = 20.833 microseconds (us).

[0224] Please refer to Figure 1, which is a schematic diagram of a time unit provided in an embodiment of the present application. A superframe includes 48 radio frames, and the 48 radio frames are numbered from radio frame #0 to radio frame #47. Each radio frame contains one or more of a number of downlink symbols, a number of uplink symbols, overhead symbols, and a switching interval (GAP). Downlink symbols are used for downlink transmission, and uplink symbols are used for uplink transmission. Overhead symbols can also be described as flexible symbols or specific symbols, etc., and are used for synchronization, channel sounding, downlink control information (DCI) transmission, etc. Overhead symbols can be divided into downlink overhead symbols and uplink overhead symbols. The switching interval is used to perform uplink and downlink switching. The duration of a switching interval in a radio frame is, for example, the duration of a symbol in the radio frame. The duration of a downlink symbol = the duration of an uplink symbol = the duration of an overhead symbol.

[0225] For example, in an onboard (or off-board) wireless short-range communication system, uplink typically refers to the direction in which a T node sends data or information to a G node, and is represented by "T." Downlink typically refers to the direction in which a G node sends data or information to a T node, and is represented by "G." In Figure 1, downlink symbols are represented by G symbols, which can also be described as G link symbols, etc.; uplink symbols are represented by T symbols, which can also be described as T link symbols, etc.

[0226] Since in the vehicle-mounted wireless short-range communication system, there is usually a communication demand between different T nodes or different G nodes, the communication between different T nodes or different G nodes may occupy the above-mentioned overhead symbols, or the signal sent by the G node occupies the G symbol, and the signal sent by the T node occupies the T symbol.

[0227] In FIG1 , downlink overhead symbols are represented as special grant (SG) symbols; uplink overhead symbols are represented as special terminal (ST) symbols.

[0228] 7. Sequence number of time unit

[0229] The sequence number of a time unit can change (e.g., accumulate) starting from a preset value (e.g., 0), and the sequence number of the next time unit is different from the sequence number of the current time unit. Furthermore, when the sequence number of a time unit reaches a threshold (e.g., when it is equal to the threshold), the sequence number reverses and counts again from the preset value. The preset value can be pre-configured, indicated by higher-layer signaling, or specified by the protocol. For example, according to the protocol, the sequence number of the time unit starts at 0 and increases sequentially, reverses when it reaches the maximum value, and then returns to 0 and continues to increase sequentially.

[0230] Optionally, when the time unit is a symbol, a radio frame, or a superframe, the sequence number of the time unit may be represented by multiple bits.

[0231] 8. Frequency unit

[0232] A frequency unit is a concept in the frequency domain. The unit of a frequency unit can be a subcarrier, a carrier channel, a carrier channel group, etc.

[0233] Please refer to Figure 2, which is a schematic diagram of a carrier signal and subcarriers provided in an embodiment of the present application. As a possible example, the physical bandwidth of the carrier channel (or simply referred to as carrier) can be predefined, for example, 20MHz, 40MHz, etc. A carrier channel contains multiple subcarriers. As shown in Figure 2, a carrier channel contains 39 consecutive subcarriers, and the 39 subcarriers are numbered in order from low to high in terms of corresponding frequencies as #0, #1,…, #38, where #19 subcarrier is a direct current (DC) subcarrier. Except for the DC subcarrier, the other 38 subcarriers are called effective subcarriers.

[0234] A node may operate on multiple carrier channels, which can be aggregated to form a carrier channel group. For example, a carrier channel group may include carrier channel 1, carrier channel 2, and carrier channel 3, as shown in Figure 2. If the original carrier channel bandwidth is 20 MHz, the carrier channel group formed by these three channels may have a bandwidth of 60 MHz.

[0235] Herein, for the convenience of description, some embodiments refer to the carrier channel as simply a channel, and the terms “channel” and “carrier channel” are interchangeable.

[0236] In addition, the number of the frequency unit is an identifier indicating the frequency unit, and may also be replaced by the center frequency, starting frequency, etc. of the frequency unit. For example, when the frequency unit is a carrier, the number of the frequency unit may be the carrier channel number.

[0237] 9.OFDM

[0238] OFDM technology is a multi-carrier frequency division multiplexing (FDM) technique that uses multiple carriers operating simultaneously. These carriers are called subcarriers in FDM technology. OFDM, also known as discrete multitone modulation (DMT), enables high-speed transmission and effectively combats frequency-selective fading. In OFDM, multiple subcarriers are orthogonal, hence the name orthogonal frequency division multiplexing. From a spectrum perspective, each subcarrier occupies a specific bandwidth, centered around its own frequency.

[0239] By adjusting the number of subcarriers, OFDM can flexibly change the operating bandwidth, meet the demand for large bandwidth, and achieve better capacity expansion effects.

[0240] 10. Frequency Hopping

[0241] Frequency hopping refers to switching the center frequency of a transmitted signal by changing the center frequency of the node's radio channel (for example, by changing the carrier frequency of the local oscillator signal) or by digitally changing the center frequency of the generated transmitted signal. Frequency hopping can also refer to frequency hopping based on OFDM signals.

[0242] OFDM frequency hopping is defined as the switching of the DC subcarrier of an OFDM symbol from the center frequency of one carrier channel to the center frequency of another. Frequency hopping switching for a single carrier refers to the switching of the DC subcarrier from one carrier channel to another; frequency hopping switching for multiple carriers refers to the switching of the carrier channel groups corresponding to the multiple carriers to another carrier channel group. For example, the G node and the T node originally operated on carrier channel groups 1 to 3, and after frequency hopping, they switched to carrier channel groups 4 to 6. Carrier channel groups 1 to 3 are called initial carrier channel groups or initial channel groups, and carrier channel groups 4 to 6 are called frequency hopping carrier channel groups or frequency hopping channel groups.

[0243] In this application, the frequency hopping methods of different nodes can be the same (for example, both are RF frequency hopping or digital frequency hopping), or different (for example, the frequency hopping method of the first node is RF frequency hopping, and the frequency hopping method of the second node is digital frequency hopping). This application does not impose any restrictions.

[0244] 11. Distance measurement

[0245] Ranging is achieved by sending measurement signals between at least two nodes to measure the distance between them. For example, a measurement signal is sent between a G node and a T node to measure the distance between them. Another example is that a measurement signal is sent between a G node and T node 1 to measure the distance between them; a measurement signal is sent between a G node and T node 2 to measure the distance between them; and a measurement signal is sent between T nodes 1 and 2 to measure the distance between them.

[0246] The measurement signal is carried in a measurement symbol, and the measurement symbol occupies a certain duration in a time unit.

[0247] Please refer to Figure 3, which is a schematic diagram of another time unit provided in an embodiment of the present application. The measurement signal is carried in a G ranging symbol or a T ranging symbol. The G ranging symbol is transmitted in ranging frame 1, and the T ranging symbol is transmitted in ranging frame 2. Ranging frame 1 and ranging frame 2 occupy a certain duration in the time domain. Ranging frame 1 contains one or more G ranging symbols, and ranging frame 2 contains one or more T ranging symbols. The GAP indicates the switching between G ranging frames and T ranging frames.

[0248] As shown in Figure 3 (a), Ranging Frame 1 and Ranging Frame 2 each contain a GAP, which is used to switch between transmitting and receiving. As shown in Figure 3 (b), a GAP exists between Ranging Frame 1 and Ranging Frame 2, but the GAP does not occupy the duration of Radio Frame 1 or Radio Frame 2.

[0249] In some possible implementations, the G-node ranging frame and the T-node ranging frame may be included in a ranging interaction, which is also a possible time unit. A ranging interaction may include one or more ranging frames.

[0250] In some possible implementations, ranging interactions can frequency hop across multiple carrier channels or multiple carrier channel groups. Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of frequency hopping provided in an embodiment of the present application. The initial channel for frequency hopping ranging is channel 3. After completing ranging interaction 1 on channel 3, ranging interaction 2 is performed on channel 2. After completing ranging interaction 2 on channel 2, ranging interaction 3 is performed on channel 1. That is, the frequency hopping channel sequence for ranging interactions is {channel 3, channel 2, channel 1}.

[0251] Optionally, after completing ranging interactions 1, 2, and 3, the first node and the second node may feedback measurement results on channel 3. The measurement results fed back on channel 3 may be obtained based on channel state information of channel 3, channel 2, and channel 1.

[0252] Of course, Figure 4 illustrates frequency hopping using ranging interactions as an example. In specific implementations, frequency hopping can also be performed in units of radio frames, ranging frames, or superframes. It should be understood that with multi-carrier frequency hopping, signals can be transmitted only on a portion of the frequencies included in the multi-carrier. For example, only 40 MHz of an 80 MHz frequency band can be used to transmit ranging signals. In this case, the carrier channel number corresponding to the frequency hopping transmission can only be for the 40 MHz used for transmission.

[0253] In addition, the frequency hopping process shown in Figure 4 is an example of multi-carrier frequency hopping (the hopping channel is a carrier group obtained by aggregating multiple single carriers). For the case of single-carrier frequency hopping, the frequency hopping in Figure 4 is also applicable.

[0254] It is understood that the position information measurement in the embodiments of this application includes ranging, angle measurement, positioning, and perception, and that the specific implementation process involves similar steps to achieve ranging, positioning, angle measurement, and perception. Some embodiments of this application use ranging as an example to illustrate the position information measurement process. In the specific implementation process, "ranging" can be replaced with "positioning," "angle measurement," "perception," and the like.

[0255] 12. Anchors and Labels

[0256] An anchor point, also known as a position anchor or measurement node, is a node that serves as the reference position for distance measurement (or angle measurement, or positioning). A tag, also known as a measurement node, is a node that serves as the object of measurement for distance measurement (or angle measurement, or positioning).

[0257] 13. Measuring Signals

[0258] Measurement signals are also called measurement information. In some scenarios, measurement signals may include positioning reference signals (PRS) or demodulation reference signals (DMRS). PRSs include, but are not limited to, channel state information reference signals (CSI-RS), sounding reference signals (SRS), first training signals (FTS), and second training signals (STS). Among them, CSI-RS is usually the channel state information reference signal sent by the G node, which is used by other nodes to measure the transmission channel characteristics (i.e., channel state information) from the G node to the other node; SRS is usually the channel detection signal sent by the T node, which is used to measure the transmission channel characteristics (i.e., channel state information) from the T node to other nodes; FTS is a signal used for time and frequency synchronization, such as the signal used for time and frequency synchronization in the SparkLink Basic (SLB) standard, and FTS can also be used to transmit channel characteristics (i.e., channel state information); STS is a signal used for time and frequency synchronization, such as the signal used for time and frequency synchronization in the SLB standard, and can also be used to transmit channel characteristics (i.e., channel state information).

[0259] Symbols carrying CSI-RS are called CSI-RS symbols, symbols carrying DMRS are called DMRS symbols, symbols carrying SRS are called SRS symbols, symbols carrying FTS are called FTS symbols, and symbols carrying STS are called STS symbols. For rational purposes, the G symbol or T symbol shown in Figure 3 includes one or more of the following symbols: CSI-RS symbol, DMRS symbol, SRS symbol, FTS symbol, and STS symbol.

[0260] As you can understand, in wireless short-range communication systems, measurement signals appear in pairs; that is, two measurement signals are considered a measurement signal group. Of the OFDM symbols that carry a measurement signal group, the OFDM symbol that appears first in the time domain is called the FTS, and the OFDM symbol that appears first in the time domain is called the STS.

[0261] 14. Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO)

[0262] MIMO refers to the technology used in wireless communications to transmit and receive signals using multiple antennas. Multiple transmit and receive antennas are used at the transmitter and receiver, respectively, allowing signals to be transmitted and received via these multiple antennas. This technology fully utilizes spatial resources, enabling multiple transmissions and multiple receptions through multiple antennas. This significantly increases system channel capacity without increasing spectrum resources or antenna transmit power, demonstrating significant advantages.

[0263] A×B MIMO means the transmitter has A antennas and the receiver has B antennas. In a MIMO system, if the number of transmit and receive antennas is unequal, the number of spatial streams that can be transmitted between the two is less than or equal to the smaller number of antennas in the transmit / receiver pair. For example, a 4×4 MIMO system can transmit four or fewer spatial streams, while a 3×2 MIMO system can transmit two or one spatial stream.

[0264] The above exemplary descriptions of terms may optionally be used in the following embodiments.

[0265] The system architecture and business scenarios of this application are described below. It should be noted that the system architecture and business scenarios described in this application are intended to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of this application and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions provided by this application. With the evolution of the system architecture and the emergence of new business scenarios, the technical solutions provided by this application are also applicable to similar technical problems.

[0266] In communication scenarios, it is often necessary to determine the distance and / or position of a node in the network. Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a vehicle-mounted positioning scenario provided by an embodiment of the present application. Measurement nodes are deployed at the four corners outside the vehicle, and PEPS measurement nodes are deployed inside the vehicle (such as the center console, rearview mirror, or ceiling (inside the roof, etc.). The display screen, microphone, speaker, camera, or T-BOX and other vehicle-mounted wireless communication equipment in the vehicle can also serve as measurement nodes. The measurement node and / or PEPS measurement node can be used to locate the node under test. For example, the node under test can be a car key, a mobile phone, a headset, or special equipment.

[0267] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the application scenario shown in FIG5 is only one exemplary scenario to which the solution of the present application may be applied. In addition to the application scenario shown in FIG5 , the solution of the present application may also be applied to any other suitable application scenario, such as but not limited to home, office, exhibition hall, production, and the like.

[0268] In the aforementioned embodiment, the PEPS measurement node can be a G-node and the remaining devices can be T-nodes; or, the measured node can be a G-node and the remaining devices can be T-nodes. The location measurement architecture between the G-node and the T-node can include the following two types:

[0269] Architecture 1. Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of a communication architecture provided by an embodiment of the present application. A G node can transmit service data to multiple connected T nodes, and measurement signals can be transmitted between a G node and a T node (GT) and between a T node and a T node (TT). Service data may optionally include signaling, parameters, or indication information related to ranging. For example, the architecture shown in Figure 6 may include a SparkLink Basic (SLB) access layer architecture.

[0270] Architecture 2, Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of another communication architecture provided by an embodiment of the present application. Business data can be transmitted between GTs and between TTs, and measurement signals can be transmitted between GTs and between TTs. Exemplarily, the architecture can be a SparkLink Basic (SLB) access layer architecture. Exemplarily, the architecture shown in Figure 7 can include a SparkLink Low Energy (SLE) access layer architecture.

[0271] The structure of the communication system of the embodiment of the present application is introduced below.

[0272] Please refer to Figure 8, which is a schematic diagram of a communication system provided in an embodiment of the present application. The communication system 80 can be a communication system based on the architecture shown in Figure 6, or a communication system based on the architecture shown in Figure 7. The first node can be a G node or a T node, and the second node can be a G node or a T node.

[0273] Specifically, the communication system 80 includes a first node 801 and a second node 802. The first node 801 sends a measurement signal to the second node 802 to measure the distance between the first node 801 and the second node 802.

[0274] As an example of a ranging process, when first node 801 transmits a measurement signal, it obtains a measurement result (referred to as measurement result M1 for ease of distinction), and when second node 802 receives the measurement signal, it obtains a measurement result (referred to as measurement result M2 for ease of distinction). These two measurement results can be used to obtain the distance between node T1 and node G. For example, measurement results M1 and M2 can be provided to a solver node, which calculates the distance between first node 801 and second node 802 based on measurement results M1 and M2.

[0275] As another example of a ranging process, the first node 801 and the second node 802 complete a ranging interaction (i.e., send a measurement signal to each other and receive a measurement signal sent from each other), and obtain a measurement result based on the ranging interaction. The measurement result is used to obtain the distance between the first node 801 and the second node 802.

[0276] It should be understood that the communication link between the first node 801 and the second node 802 may include one or more types of connection media, such as a wired link, a wireless link, or a combination of a wired link and a wireless link.

[0277] As an example of a wired link, the wired link includes but is not limited to one or more of vehicle-mounted wired communication technology, controller area network (CAN), local interconnect network bus (LIN), CAN flexible data rate (CANFD), or vehicle-mounted Ethernet.

[0278] As an example of a wireless link, the wireless link includes but is not limited to short-range connection technologies including SparkLink, 802.11b / g, Bluetooth, Zigbee, radio frequency identification technology (RFID), ultra-wideband (UWB) technology, or wireless short-range communication system (such as a vehicle-mounted wireless short-range communication system), etc., or, it can also be a long-range connection technology including communication technology based on Long Term Evolution (Long Term Evolution), fifth-generation mobile communication technology (5th generation mobile networks or 5th generation wireless systems, 5th-Generation, referred to as 5G or 5G technology), global system for mobile communications (global system for mobile communications, GSM), general packet radio service (general packet radio service, GPRS), universal mobile telecommunications system (universal mobile telecommunications system, UMTS) and other wireless access type technologies.

[0279] When the first node 801 and the second node 802 support communication via a wireless link, the first node 801 includes multiple antennas and can send / receive measurement signals via the multiple antennas. Similarly, the second node 802 includes multiple antennas and can send / receive measurement signals via the multiple antennas.

[0280] Figure 8 above illustrates the distance measurement between a first node 801 and a second node 802. In practice, distance measurement can be performed between multiple nodes. When multiple anchor points measure the same node, not only distance but also angle, position, and other parameters can be measured.

[0281] As an example of multi-node ranging, please refer to Figure 9, which is a schematic diagram of another communication system provided by an embodiment of the present application. Taking the node to be measured as the G node as an example, a possible angle measurement process is as follows: the T1 node (anchor point 1) and the T2 node (anchor point 2) can respectively measure the distance between themselves and the G node, thereby obtaining the angle between the G node and the T1 node (for example, the pointing angle) based on the distance between the G node and the two, and / or the angle between the G node and the T2 node. Further, a possible positioning process is as follows: the T3 node can also measure the distance to the G node. At this time, the position of the G node can be obtained based on the distance between the G node and the three.

[0282] As a possible implementation, a ranging interaction needs to be completed between the measuring node and the ranging node. Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of a ranging interaction provided in an embodiment of the present application. The G node can send a measurement signal (referred to as the measurement signal S1 for easy distinction). The T1 node can also send a measurement signal (referred to as the measurement signal S2 for easy distinction) and receive the measurement signal S1 from the G node. The measurement result of the measurement signal S1 and the measurement signal S2 are used to calculate the distance between the T1 node and the G node. It should be noted that the sending order and sending method of S1 and S2 are not restricted here. The sending method can, for example, be sent in the form of unicast, multicast or broadcast.

[0283] Similarly, S1 and S3 (measurement signals sent by node T2) are used to calculate the distance between node T2 and node G; S1 and S4 (measurement signals sent by node T3) are used to calculate the distance between point T3 and node G.

[0284] Furthermore, the angle, position, etc. of the G node can be calculated by the distances between multiple anchor points and the G node. Optionally, the distance calculation is a possible intermediate result provided for the convenience of description, and the intermediate result may not be obtained during the specific implementation process. For example: measurement signal S1, measurement signal S2, and measurement signal S3 are used to calculate the angle of the G node. For another example, measurement signal S1, measurement signal S2, measurement signal S3, and measurement signal S4 are used to calculate the angle of the G node. The above measurement signals S1-S4 can be sent via unicast, multicast, or broadcast.

[0285] As another example of multi-node ranging, please refer to Figure 11, which is a schematic diagram of another communication system provided by an embodiment of the present application. Taking the node to be measured as the T1 node as an example, a possible angle measurement process is as follows: the G node (anchor point 1) and the T2 node (anchor point 2) can respectively measure the distance between themselves and the T1 node, thereby obtaining the angle between the T1 node and the G node (for example, the pointing angle) based on the distance between the T1 node and the two, and / or the angle between the T1 node and the T2 node. Further, a possible positioning process is as follows: the T3 node can also measure the distance to the T1 node. At this time, the position of the T1 node can be obtained based on the distance between the T1 node and the three.

[0286] Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of a ranging interaction provided by an embodiment of the present application. The T1 node can send a measurement signal (S5). The G node can also send a measurement signal (S6) and receive the measurement signal S5 from the T1 node. The measurement result of the measurement signal S5 and the measurement signal S6 are used to calculate the distance between the G node and the T1 node. Similarly, S5 and S7 (the measurement signals sent by the T2 node) are used to calculate the distance between the T2 node and the T1 node; S5 and S8 (the measurement signals sent by the T3 node) are used to calculate the distance between the T3 point and the T1 node. The above measurement signals S5-S8 can be sent by unicast, multicast or broadcast.

[0287] Furthermore, the angle and position of the G node can be calculated using the distances between multiple anchor points and the G node. Optionally, calculating the distance is a possible intermediate result provided for ease of description. This intermediate result may not be obtained during implementation, allowing the angle and position to be directly calculated.

[0288] The method of the embodiment of the present application is introduced below.

[0289] Please refer to Figure 13, which is a flowchart of a distance measurement method provided in an embodiment of the present application. Optionally, the method can be implemented based on the system shown in Figure 8, Figure 9 or Figure 11.

[0290] The ranging method shown in FIG13 may include one or more steps from step S1301 to step S1305. It should be understood that for the sake of convenience, the description here is based on the order of S1301 to S1305, and is not intended to limit the execution to the above order. The embodiment of the present application does not limit the order of execution, execution time, number of executions, etc. of the above one or more steps. S1301 to step S1305 are as follows:

[0291] Step S1301: The first node determines a first security parameter according to multiple input parameters.

[0292] The multiple input parameters include one or more of a first random value or a first communication parameter. The first security parameter is used to perform security processing on the first measurement sequence. The security processing may include scrambling / descrambling, encryption / decryption, XOR processing, and the like. For detailed descriptions, see steps S1302 and S1304. It should be noted that the input parameters herein do not limit these parameters to those entered by a user through an input device, but rather describe the parameters involved in the process of "determining the first security parameter."

[0293] The first random number is a random number, which may be a NONCE. Optionally, the first random number may be obtained in the following ways, including but not limited to: determined by the first node, received from other nodes (such as the G node or the second node, etc.) to the first node, input by a user, or assigned by other devices.

[0294] The first communication parameter is a parameter related to communication. Optionally, the communication parameter may change as the signal is transmitted.

[0295] As a possible implementation, the first communication parameter is related to one or more of the following information: an OFDM symbol sequence number, a time unit number, a frequency unit number, a frequency hopping channel sequence, etc. The time unit includes, but is not limited to, a superframe, a radio frame, or a subframe. The frequency unit includes, but is not limited to, a carrier channel, a carrier signal group, or a subcarrier.

[0296] The “related” here includes: the first communication parameter may be the above information, or the first communication parameter has a mapping relationship with the above information, or the first communication parameter is updated based on the above information.

[0297] The following is an exemplary description of possible situations of the first communication parameter:

[0298] In case 1, the first communication parameter is determined based on the sequence number of the symbol (eg, OFDM symbol). For example, the first communication parameter is the sequence number of the symbol. For another example, the first communication parameter has a mapping relationship with the sequence number of the symbol.

[0299] As a possible implementation, the first measurement sequence is carried on a first symbol (or the first measurement sequence can be modulated to obtain the first symbol), and the first communication parameter is the sequence number of the first symbol, or has a mapping relationship with the sequence number of the first symbol. For example, the sequence number of the first symbol is N1, and the first communication parameter is N1.

[0300] As a possible implementation manner, the first communication parameter is transmitted in a symbol numbered N2, and the first communication parameter is N2 or has a mapping relationship with N2.

[0301] In another possible implementation, the value of the first communication parameter may be updated, with its initial value being a preset value, and the value of the first communication parameter being updated every one or more symbols. For example, in a ranging interaction, the value of the first communication parameter is the sequence number of the ranging symbol. For the first ranging symbol, COUNTERr is 0, and the value of COUNTERr is incremented by 1 for each additional ranging symbol sent thereafter.

[0302] As another possible implementation, the preset value of the first communication parameter is transmitted in the symbol numbered N3, and the first communication parameter is N3 or has a mapping relationship with N3.

[0303] In one possible implementation, the first communication parameter is associated with a position of a first OFDM symbol relative to a second OFDM symbol. The first OFDM symbol carries a first safety measurement signal, the second OFDM symbol carries a second safety measurement signal, and the first communication parameter corresponding to the second safety measurement signal is a preset value.

[0304] Please refer to Figure 14, which is a schematic diagram of the change of a first communication parameter provided by an embodiment of the present application. When the second safety measurement signal is carried by G#0, the value of the first communication parameter is 0x00000 (which can be regarded as the initial value); the value of the communication parameter increases by 1 after each symbol. If the first safety measurement signal is carried by G#9, when the first safety parameter is generated, the value of the first communication parameter is 0x01001. At this time, since G#9 is offset by 8 symbols relative to G#0, the value of the first communication parameter can also be understood as the value obtained by updating 0x00000 8 times.

[0305] In case 2, the first communication parameter is determined based on the sequence number of the radio frame (referred to as the radio frame number). For example, the first communication parameter is the radio frame number. For another example, the first communication parameter and the radio frame number have a mapping relationship.

[0306] As a possible implementation manner, the first communication parameter includes a sequence number of a radio frame carrying the first safety measurement signal. Alternatively, the first communication parameter has a mapping relationship with the sequence number of the radio frame carrying the first safety measurement signal.

[0307] As a possible implementation, the first communication parameter starts from a preset value and is updated based on the radio frame number. For example, the first communication parameter is updated once every radio frame, so that the first communication parameter used in each radio frame is different.

[0308] As a possible implementation manner, the preset value of the first communication parameter is the sequence number of the radio frame in which the first communication parameter is sent, or has a mapping relationship with the sequence number of the radio frame in which the first communication parameter is sent.

[0309] For related descriptions, please refer to the description in Case 1.

[0310] In case 3, the first communication parameter is determined based on the sequence number of the superframe (referred to as the superframe number). For example, the first communication parameter is the superframe number. For another example, the first communication parameter and the superframe number have a mapping relationship.

[0311] As a possible implementation, the first communication parameter includes the sequence number of the superframe carrying the first safety measurement signal. Alternatively, the first communication parameter has a mapping relationship with the sequence number of the superframe carrying the first safety measurement signal.

[0312] As a possible implementation, the first communication parameter starts from a preset value and is updated based on the superframe number. For example, the first communication parameter is updated once every superframe number, so that the first communication parameter used in each superframe number is different.

[0313] As a possible implementation manner, the preset value of the first communication parameter is the sequence number of the superframe in which the first communication parameter is sent, or has a mapping relationship with the sequence number of the superframe in which the first communication parameter is sent.

[0314] For related descriptions, please refer to the description in Case 1.

[0315] In case 4, the first communication parameter is determined based on the frequency unit number. For example, the first communication parameter is the number of the frequency unit, or the first communication parameter has a mapping relationship with the number of the frequency unit. The frequency unit includes a carrier channel, a carrier channel group, a subcarrier, etc.

[0316] Optionally, the first communication parameter is determined based on the number of the first frequency unit. The first safety measurement signal is carried in the first time unit, and the first time unit is included in multiple consecutive time units. The signals carried by the multiple consecutive time units are frequency-hopped according to a preset frequency unit number sequence during transmission, and the number of the first frequency unit belongs to the preset frequency unit number sequence. Taking Figure 8 as an example, multiple consecutive ranging interactions are frequency-hopped. When the first safety measurement signal is transmitted in carrier channel 3, the first communication parameter can be determined based on the carrier channel number of carrier channel 3. It should be noted that the time unit in the "multiple consecutive time units" here refers to the frequency-hopping time unit during frequency-hopping transmission, which may be the same as the granularity of the time unit used to determine the first communication parameter, or it may not be used.

[0317] Optionally, when the first node and the second node perform ranging using a frequency hopping mode, the frequency unit number may be used in the process of determining the first security parameter. Of course, when the first node and the second node perform ranging without using a frequency hopping mode, the frequency unit number may also be used in the process of determining the first security parameter.

[0318] It should be noted that the above-mentioned situations can be combined.

[0319] As an example of a combination, the first communication parameter can be determined based on the superframe number, the radio frame number, the symbol sequence number, and the channel number. For example, when the first safety measurement signal is carried on G#9, the number of G#9 is, for example, 0x01, and the G#9 is included in the radio frame with the sequence number 0x001, the radio frame is included in the superframe with the sequence number 0x1001, and the carrier channel number of the radio frame is 0x11. The first communication parameter is obtained by concatenating the symbol sequence number, the radio frame number, the superframe number, and the channel number, that is, 01||001||1001||11, where "||" represents concatenation.

[0320] In some possible implementations, the method for obtaining the first communication parameter may include but is not limited to the following methods: determined by the first node, received from other nodes (such as G node, or second node, etc.) sent to the first node, input by the user, or assigned by other devices.

[0321] In some other possible implementations, the first communication parameter need not be generated by a single node, but rather determined according to pre-set rules. For example, the first communication parameter is updated starting from a preset value and updated every time unit and / or frequency unit (e.g., a symbol). Therefore, when the first node and the second node update the value of the first communication parameter according to consistent rules, consistent communication parameters can be obtained.

[0322] Optionally, the first node (or management node, second node) may set the communication parameter to a preset value at a certain moment; or optionally, when each measurement starts, the first communication parameter is set to the preset value.

[0323] As a possible implementation, COUNTERr is updated starting from 0 for each measurement and is updated once for each symbol. That is, the communication parameter COUNTERr corresponding to the current symbol is x, and when the next measurement symbol is reached, COUNTERr=x+1.

[0324] Optionally, the first random number and the first communication parameter are part of the parameters used to determine the first security parameter, and the multiple input parameters may further include other parameters. Exemplarily, the other parameters include, but are not limited to, a freshness parameter, antenna indication information, an identity of the first node, or an identity of the second node.

[0325] The antenna indication information is used to indicate at least one antenna. For example, if the first node has six antennas, they are distinguished as antenna 1, antenna 2, antenna 3, antenna 4, antenna 5, and antenna 6. The first safety measurement signal is transmitted via at least one of the six antennas. Optionally, the antenna indication information includes, but is not limited to, the antenna number, antenna ID, and antenna name. For example, when the antenna indication information is 0x000, it indicates antenna 1, and when the antenna indication information is 0x001, it indicates antenna 2.

[0326] As a possible implementation manner, when the first safety measurement signal is sent by antenna 1 , the input parameter for determining the first safety parameter includes antenna indication information, and the antenna indication information indicates antenna 1 .

[0327] As mentioned above, the first security parameter is a parameter used for security processing of the first measurement sequence. Optionally, the first security parameter may include multiple bits. The following description uses the example of the first security parameter including E1 bits (E1 is an integer and E1>1). Furthermore, the information bit length of the first security parameter is the same as the information bit length of the first measurement sequence, or there is a mapping relationship between them. For example, when the information bit length of the first measurement sequence is 78 bits, the information bit length of the first security parameter is also 78 bits.

[0328] As a possible implementation, the first node obtains the first security parameter based on a derivation algorithm according to multiple input parameters, wherein the derivation algorithm includes but is not limited to a key derivation function, a digest algorithm, a message authentication code algorithm, etc.

[0329] For example, the first security parameter = KDF (rand, COUNTERr), where rand is a first random number and COUNTERr is a first communication parameter. For another example, the first security parameter = KDF (rand, COUNTERr || frequency hopping carrier channel number).

[0330] Of course, in various embodiments of the present application, KDF can be replaced by a derived algorithm such as HMAC-SM3 or HMAC-SHA256.

[0331] In some scenarios, the first security parameter may be included in multiple derived values ​​(such as KDF output results). In the following scenarios: Scenario 1, the bit length of the first measurement sequence may be long, and the length of the information bit of a derived value may not meet the security processing requirements of the first measurement sequence. Scenario 2, in order to improve security, the first node obtains multiple derived values ​​based on multiple input parameters, and then obtains the first security parameter based on one or more derived values, further increasing the difficulty of cracking the first security parameter. Scenario 3, the first node uses the first security parameter to encrypt or scramble multiple measurement signals transmitted within a frequency hopping cycle (the three ranging interactions shown in Figure 4 are regarded as one frequency hopping cycle). The first node needs to generate a security parameter with a larger number of bits to meet the scrambling of the data carried by the multiple measurement signals.

[0332] As a possible implementation, the first node obtains N bit sequences based on multiple input parameters, where the N bit sequences include the first security parameter, where N is an integer and N ≥ 1. A bit sequence is a sequence comprising multiple bits, and the N bit sequences may have the same or different lengths. For example, the information bit length of the bit sequence may be 128 bits, 224 bits, 256 bits, etc.

[0333] For example, the bit sequence = KDF(rand, COUNTERr, [counter]), where rand is the first random number, COUNTERr is the first communication parameter, counter is an optional fresh parameter (described below), and [] indicates optional.

[0334] For another example, in frequency hopping mode, the bit sequence = KDF(rand, COUNTERr|| carrier channel number, [counter]), where || represents connection.

[0335] The carrier channel number can be used to distinguish different carrier channels. The carrier channel number can be the carrier channel number (e.g., starting frequency, center frequency, etc.). Alternatively, the carrier channel number can be the sequence number of the carrier channel within a period of time. For example, within a superframe, the first carrier channel used for transmission has the carrier channel number 0, and the second carrier channel has the carrier channel number 1. Furthermore, the carrier channel number can be replaced with other parameters that reflect the frequency hopping channel.

[0336] Of course, when the frequency hopping mode is not used, the number of the frequency hopping channel can also be used in the process of generating the bit sequence.

[0337] Exemplarily, the first node obtains a 256-bit bit sequence based on multiple input parameters. The first security parameter (E1=76) is 76 bits from the bit sequence. For example, the first node extracts the first 76 bits of the bit sequence as the first security parameter. For another example, the first node selects 76 bits from the bit sequence as the first security parameter.

[0338] For another example, the first node obtains two bit sequences of 256 bits in length based on multiple input parameters, and obtains a first security parameter (E1=304) of 304 bits in length based on the two bit sequences. For example, the first node selects the first 256 bits of the first bit sequence and the first 48 bits of the second bit sequence as the first security parameter. For another example, the first node selects 304 bits from the two bit sequences as the first security parameter.

[0339] In some possible implementations, when N is greater than 1, the values ​​of any two bit sequences in the N bit sequences are different, which can increase the difficulty of cracking the security parameters and improve security.

[0340] Here are several ways to generate N (N>1) bit sequences:

[0341] Implementation method 1: The input parameters further include a fresh parameter, and the value of the fresh parameter used when generating each bit in the N bit sequence is different.

[0342] As a possible implementation, the fresh parameter is updated after each bit sequence among the N bit sequences is obtained.

[0343] For example, bit sequence = KDF(rand, COUNTERr, counter). When generating the first bit sequence, counter = counter1; when generating the second bit sequence, counter = counter2, where counter1 and counter2 are different. This implementation allows different input parameters for N bit sequences to be used, thereby generating different bit sequences.

[0344] For example, if the information bit length of the first security parameter required for a security measurement symbol is greater than 256 bits but less than (optionally equal to) 512 bits, then the counter takes the values ​​0 and 1 (refreshed twice) to generate two 256-bit bit sequences. The security parameter is part or all of the bits in the two bit sequences.

[0345] In another example, the freshness parameter is determined by a pre-defined rule. For example, the freshness parameter is determined based on pi, where the first value of the freshness parameter is the 1st to 10th digits of pi, and after the first update, the freshness parameter is the 11th to 20th digits of pi, and so on. In another example, the freshness parameter is determined by a pseudo-random sequence.

[0346] As a possible implementation, the fresh parameter corresponding to the first bit sequence among the N bit sequences is a preset value, and the fresh parameter corresponding to the second bit sequence among the N bit sequences is associated with the preset value and the sequence number of the second bit sequence, wherein the second bit sequence is different from the first bit sequence.

[0347] For example, the freshness parameter increases by 1 after each bit sequence. If the preset value of the freshness parameter is x, when the second bit sequence is the first bit sequence among N bit sequences, the freshness parameter is x; when the second bit sequence is the second bit sequence among N bit sequences, the freshness parameter is x+1. Similarly for other cases, the freshness parameter corresponding to the first bit sequence is x+(I-1). This implementation enables different bit sequences to be obtained by using different input parameters for N bit sequences.

[0348] Implementation method 2: The first node obtains the first bit sequence of N bit sequences based on multiple input parameters, and obtains the Ith bit sequence based on the multiple input parameters and the (I-1)th bit sequence, where I is an integer and N ≥ I ≥ 2. That is, starting from the second bit sequence, the previous bit sequence is used as one of the input parameters when determining the current bit sequence.

[0349] Exemplarily, N bit sequences are represented as B1, B2, B3, etc., and the determination method can be:

[0350] B1=KDF(rand,COUNTERr),

[0351] B2=KDF(rand,COUNTERr,B1),

[0352] B3=KDF(rand,COUNTERr,B2),

[0353] …

[0354] This implementation can achieve different input parameters for N bit sequences, thereby obtaining different bit sequences. It should be noted that this is a possible determination method listed here to represent the parameters, and does not limit the order and input method of the parameters.

[0355] The above two implementations are exemplary descriptions of how to generate N bit sequences. In the specific implementation process, other methods can also be used. In addition, the above two implementations can be combined, for example:

[0356] B1=KDF(rand, COUNTERr, counter1),

[0357] B2=KDF(rand, COUNTERr, B1, counter2),

[0358] B3=KDF(rand, COUNTERr, B2, counter3), where counter1, counter2, and counter3 are different. For the design of counter, see implementation method 1.

[0359] Optionally, when N is equal to 1, counter may be defaulted or set to a first value, where the first value is a predefined value, such as 0 or 1.

[0360] Step S1302: The first node obtains a second measurement sequence according to the first security parameter and the first measurement sequence.

[0361] The first measurement sequence is a sequence comprising multiple bits. In one possible implementation, the first node may generate a pseudo-random sequence, process the pseudo-random sequence, and carry it on an OFDM symbol (such as a CSI-RS symbol, an SRS symbol, or a DMRS symbol) to perform position information measurement. In this case, the first measurement sequence is the pseudo-random sequence. Optionally, the pseudo-random sequence is a Gold sequence.

[0362] Optionally, the first node obtains the second measurement sequence according to the first security parameter and the first measurement sequence in the following ways:

[0363] In the first approach, the first node scrambles the first measurement sequence using the first security parameter to obtain the second measurement sequence.

[0364] As a possible implementation, the first measurement sequence includes M information bits, denoted as C(i), where i=1, 2, ..., M. The first security parameter includes E1 information bits, denoted as K(j), where j=1, 2, ..., E1. M is generally equal to E1, or has a mapping relationship therewith.

[0365] Exemplarily, the first node may scramble corresponding bits of the first measurement sequence using the first security parameter to obtain a second measurement sequence. The second measurement sequence (also known as a frequency domain scrambling sequence) may be represented as D(j), where j = 1, 2, ..., M. It should be understood that the "corresponding bit scrambling" described herein is an optional scrambling method. In specific implementations, the embodiments of the present application are also applicable to cases where scrambling is performed using other methods.

[0366] The scrambling of the corresponding bits refers to scrambling one or more bits of the first security parameter with one or more bits of the first measurement sequence. For example, C(1) is scrambled with K(1) to obtain D(1), and C(2) is scrambled with K(2) to obtain D(2). The same is true for the remaining bits to obtain the second measurement sequence.

[0367] For example, the first measurement sequence includes 76 bits, which are represented as C(i), i=1, 2, ..., 76. The first security parameter includes 76 bits, which are represented as K(j), j=1, 2, ..., 76. The first measurement sequence is scrambled using the first security parameter to obtain D(j), j=1, 2, ..., 76.

[0368] For another example, the first measurement sequence contains 76 bits, represented as C(i), where i = 1, 2, ..., 76. The first security parameter contains 38 bits, represented as K1(j), where j = 1, 2, ..., 38. The first node repeats the first security parameter bit by bit to obtain K2(j), where j = 1, 2, ..., 76. K2(j) is used to scramble the first measurement sequence to obtain D(j), where j = 1, 2, ..., 76.

[0369] Optionally, bit repetition can be achieved by extending some of the multiple bits to obtain a longer bit sequence. For example, if the first security parameter is 4 bits, such as 0x1010, each of the 4 bits can be extended to 2 bits to obtain 8 bits, namely 0x11001100.

[0370] Alternatively, bit repetition can be achieved by repeating some or all of the original multiple bits and concatenating them to the front or back of the original multiple bits to obtain a bit sequence with a longer bit length. For example, taking the first security parameter as 4 bits, such as 0x1010, all of the 4 bits are repeated and the repeated bits are concatenated to the back of the original bits to obtain an 8-bit bit stream, namely: 0x11001100.

[0371] In a second approach, the first node performs an XOR operation on the first security parameter and the first measurement sequence to obtain a second measurement sequence.

[0372] For example, the first measurement sequence includes M information bits, denoted as C(i), where i = 1, 2, ..., M. The first security parameter includes M information bits, denoted as K(j), where j = 1, 2, ..., M. The first security parameter and the first measurement sequence are XORed to obtain a second measurement sequence, denoted as D(j), where j = 1, 2, ..., M.

[0373] For related descriptions, please refer to the above.

[0374] In a third approach, the first node encrypts the first measurement sequence using the first security parameter to obtain a second measurement sequence.

[0375] For example, a first security parameter and a first measurement sequence are input into an encryption algorithm, and a second measurement sequence is output, wherein the first security parameter can be used as a key.

[0376] The above manner is an exemplary description made for ease of understanding. In a specific implementation, the second measurement sequence may be obtained based on the first security parameter and the first measurement sequence in other manners.

[0377] As a possible implementation, the information bit length of the first measurement sequence is related to the modulation mode, the number of effective subcarriers, etc. Exemplarily, the first node uses at least one OFDM symbol for channel measurement (such as CSI-RS, SRS, or DMRS, etc.), and each carrier channel contains 38 effective subcarriers and one DC subcarrier. At this time, the first security parameter is applied to a pseudo-random sequence for pseudo-random quadrature phase-shift keying (QPSK) modulation. The first node can take part of the bits in one or more bit sequences (each bit sequence contains 128 bits or 256 bits) to process the measurement signal. Since the pseudo-random QPSK modulation ignores the DC subcarrier, the information bits carried by the modulated OFDM symbol are 76 bits. That is, the first measurement sequence is 76 bits or less than 76 bits.

[0378] In some scenarios, multiple OFDM symbols are aggregated in the frequency domain using carrier aggregation to form an OFDM symbol that occupies a larger bandwidth. In this case, the information bit length of the measurement signal carried by the OFDM symbol is correspondingly increased. For example, three 20MHz OFDM symbols are aggregated in the frequency domain using carrier aggregation to form a 60MHz OFDM symbol.

[0379] Similar to the scrambling and modulation methods of a single carrier, in the carrier aggregation scenario, the 38 effective subcarriers in each carrier are pseudo-randomly modulated, and the DC subcarrier and the three interval subcarriers between adjacent carriers are not modulated.

[0380] For example, in a 60MHz OFDM, carrier channels 1 / 2 / 3 include subcarriers 0 to 38, plus 3 subcarriers between carrier channels 1 and 2, and 2 and 3, for a total of 39*3+3*2=123 subcarriers. The number of effective subcarriers is 114. The measurement signal corresponding to the second measurement sequence is carried in a 60MHz OFDM symbol. When the modulation mode of the second measurement sequence is QPSK modulation, the number of bits of the measurement signal is 228 (not considering the case of bit repetition). Furthermore, in this case, when the first node determines the security parameter, it can obtain a 228-bit security parameter based on one or more bit sequences to process the first measurement sequence.

[0381] In some scenarios, the first node includes Ntx antennas, where Ntx is an integer and Ntx > 1. The first node generates a first security parameter based on a first random number. The information bit length of the first security parameter is greater than or equal to (M × Ntx). For example, the first security parameter includes M × Ntx bits. The first security parameter is represented as D(i, j), where i = 1, 2, ..., M; j = 1, 2, 3, ..., Ntx. The M bits are used for the measurement signal of one spatial stream (or spatial layer).

[0382] Exemplarily, the bandwidth of the measurement symbol (such as CSI-RS symbol, SRS symbol, DMRS symbol) corresponding to each spatial stream may be 20 to 320 MHz, where the bandwidth of a single carrier is 20 MHz.

[0383] As a possible example, taking 4x4 MIMO as an example, the transmitting device has 4 transmit antennas and 4 spatial streams (i.e., Ntx = 4), and the measurement symbol bandwidth is 20 MHz per carrier. When using QPSK modulation with 38 effective subcarriers, each spatial stream requires a 76-bit security parameter to generate the modulation sequence required for the 38 effective subcarriers. When using QPSK modulation with 38 effective subcarriers, 304 bits of security parameters are required for the four spatial streams.

[0384] As another possible example, taking 4x4 MIMO as an example, the number of transmitting antennas and the number of spatial streams of the transmitting device are both Ntx=4, and the symbol bandwidth is a single carrier of 20 MHz. Each spatial stream requires a different 76-bit KDF sequence to generate the random QPSK sequence required for 38 subcarriers. The first node needs to generate two 256-bit bit sequences and concatenate them to obtain a 512-bit bit sequence, which is used to scramble the four symbols of spatial streams 1 to 4 in sequence.

[0385] In this case, the first node can generate multiple bit sequences and obtain the first security parameter based on the multiple bit sequences. For example, the first node generates two bit sequences, each containing 256 bits, and concatenates the two bit sequences to obtain a 512-bit sequence. The first node selects some bits from the 512 bits and processes the first measurement sequence (e.g., scrambling, XORing, or encryption) to obtain the first security measurement signal.

[0386] Figure 15 is a schematic diagram of a bit sequence allocation provided in an embodiment of the present application. One or more bit sequences are concatenated to generate at least 152 bits of data, where bits 1-76 are used to scramble the measurement signal carried on spatial stream 1, and bits 77-152 are used to scramble the measurement signal carried on spatial stream 2.

[0387] Optionally, when multi-carrier and multi-port exist at the same time, the low-order bits of D(i, j) are first used to scramble the multi-carrier ranging symbols of the first spatial stream, and then used to scramble the multi-carrier ranging symbols of the high-order spatial streams in sequence.

[0388] Step S1303: The first node sends a first safety measurement signal.

[0389] Exemplarily, the first safety measurement signal may be carried on a CSI-RS symbol, an SRS symbol, or a DMRS symbol.

[0390] Therein, the first safety measurement signal is associated with the second measurement sequence.

[0391] As a possible implementation, the first security measurement signal is modulated by the second measurement sequence. For example, a random QPSK sequence is generated using a frequency domain scrambling sequence D(j), and each effective subcarrier is modulated to obtain the first security measurement signal. The QPSK symbols generated by D(1) and D(2) are used to modulate effective subcarrier #1, and the QPSK symbols generated by D(3) and D(4) are used to modulate effective subcarrier #2.

[0392] The first secure measurement signal is used for ranging. For example, the first secure measurement signal may be sent during a ranging interaction between a first node and a second node. Alternatively, the first node may obtain a measurement result using the first secure measurement signal, which may be used to calculate the distance between the first node and the other node.

[0393] It is understood that the first node transmits the first safety measurement signal, which can be received by other nodes. In this example, the receiving end is the second node, and the second node receives the first safety measurement signal from the first node. Optionally, the first node may transmit the first safety measurement signal via unicast, broadcast, or multicast.

[0394] In a possible implementation, the first node may receive a destination address (eg, the address of the second node) sent by the third node. In some scenarios, the first node may obtain the receiving node of the first safety measurement signal through the destination address.

[0395] In another possible implementation, the first node may also receive a source address (ie, the address of the first node) from a third node. In some scenarios, the source address may be used to instruct the first node to perform channel measurement.

[0396] Similarly, the second node may also receive the destination address and / or source address from the third node.

[0397] As a possible implementation, the third node may be a management node, such as a G node in the Star Flash communication system.

[0398] It should be noted that, when there is no communication connection between the first node and the second node, the management node may send the source address and / or the destination address to the first node and / or the second node.

[0399] Step S1304: The second node determines a first security parameter according to multiple input parameters.

[0400] The multiple input parameters include but are not limited to one or more of a first random value, a first communication parameter, a fresh parameter, antenna indication information, an identity of the first node, or an identity of the second node.

[0401] For related descriptions, please refer to the related descriptions in step S1301.

[0402] As a possible implementation, the second node generates the first security parameter in the same manner as the first node generates the first security parameter, so that the first node and the second node have consistent security parameters.

[0403] Step S1305: The second node obtains a first measurement sequence through the first security parameter and the first security measurement signal.

[0404] It is understandable that the second node performs an inverse operation of the operation performed by the first node on the first safety measurement signal, thereby obtaining the first measurement sequence.

[0405] For example, the second node demodulates the first safety measurement signal to obtain a second measurement sequence; and obtains the first measurement sequence according to the second measurement sequence.

[0406] Exemplarily, the second node may obtain the first measurement sequence in the following ways:

[0407] In the first approach, the second node descrambles the second measurement sequence using the first security parameter to obtain the first measurement sequence.

[0408] The second measurement sequence contains M information bits, which can be expressed as D(j), where j = 1, 2, ..., M. The first security parameter contains E1 information bits, which can be expressed as K(j), where j = 1, 2, ..., E1. The first security parameter is used to descramble the corresponding bits of the second measurement sequence to obtain a first measurement sequence, which is expressed as C(i), where i = 1, 2, ..., M.

[0409] In the second method, the second node performs an XOR operation on the first security parameter and the second measurement sequence to obtain the first measurement sequence.

[0410] In a third approach, the second node uses the first security parameter to decrypt the second measurement sequence to obtain the first measurement sequence.

[0411] For related descriptions, please refer to step S1302, which will not be explained here one by one.

[0412] In the embodiment shown in Figure 13, when the first node transmits a measurement signal, it processes it using a random number and communication parameters to generate a secure measurement signal. This secure measurement signal is then sent to complete the ranging process. The random number's randomness makes it difficult to crack. Furthermore, communication parameters, such as time units and frequency units, can change over time during communication, making them difficult to crack. Processing the measurement signal using random numbers and communication parameters significantly increases the difficulty of cracking the signal, achieving secure ranging and improving communication security.

[0413] Furthermore, the communication parameters can be changed consistently without a communication connection (referring to a communication connection for transmitting service data) between the first and second nodes, thereby reducing the number of connection establishment steps in the ranging process, reducing the complexity of ranging, and improving the versatility of the ranging process. This method is also applicable to ranging in various non-direct connection situations, such as ranging between two T nodes.

[0414] Figure 13 above illustrates the transmission and reception of measurement signals using the first and second nodes as examples. Because there are multiple possible ways to determine input parameters, the following describes several possible methods based on Figures 16, 17, 18, and 19. It should be noted that for concepts and logic not explained below, please refer to the relevant description of Figure 13.

[0415] Design 1

[0416] In one possible design, the first random number and the first communication parameter are determined by a sender of the measurement signal, and the sender sends the first random number and the first communication parameter to a receiver. The sender and the receiver obtain a first security parameter based on the first random number and the first communication parameter, and implement secure transmission of the measurement signal based on the first security parameter.

[0417] Optionally, the transmitting end and the receiving end have a communication connection and support transmission of service data based on the communication connection, where the service data includes a first random number and a first communication parameter. Exemplarily, as shown in FIG6 , this design can be applied to GT ranging. Exemplarily, as shown in FIG7 , this design can be applied to GT ranging or TT ranging.

[0418] As a possible implementation manner, the transmitter of the measurement signal is a management node, and / or the receiver of the measurement signal is a management node.

[0419] Please refer to Figure 16, which is a flow chart of another ranging method provided by an embodiment of the present application. It should be understood that for the sake of convenience, the description here is based on the order of S1601 to S1606, and is not intended to limit the execution to the above order. The embodiment of the present application does not limit the order of execution of one or more steps, the execution time, the number of executions, etc. The details of S1601 to S1606 are as follows:

[0420] Step S1601: The first node determines a first random number and a first communication parameter.

[0421] Optionally, the first communication parameter may be determined based on one or more of the following: a superframe number, a radio frame number, a channel number, or a symbol sequence number, etc.

[0422] Optionally, when determining the first communication parameter, the determining may include generating, or updating the first communication parameter based on the original communication parameter.

[0423] In some scenarios, the first node does not need to generate new first communication parameters before each measurement signal is sent. For example, after the first node generates the communication parameters, the communication parameters are updated, so that the first communication parameters can be updated based on the original communication parameters in multiple measurement signals to determine the first communication parameters.

[0424] Step S1602: The first node sends a first random number and a first communication parameter.

[0425] Correspondingly, the second node receives the first communication parameter and the first random number sent from the first node.

[0426] Optionally, the first node does not need to send the first communication parameter each time before sending the measurement signal. That is, the step of the first node sending the first communication parameter is an optional step when sending the measurement signal.

[0427] As a possible implementation, the first node only determines a preset value of the first communication parameter, and the first node and the second node may change the preset value of the first communication parameter to obtain a new communication parameter.

[0428] Optionally, the first node may send the first communication parameter in a broadcast, multicast, or unicast manner. Optionally, the first node may send the first random number in a broadcast, multicast, or unicast manner.

[0429] Step S1603: The first node determines a first security parameter.

[0430] The first communication parameter and the first random number are used in the process of determining the first security parameter.

[0431] Exemplarily: bit sequence 1 = KDF (rand, COUNTERr || carrier channel number), where rand is a first random number, COUNTERr is a first communication parameter, and the carrier channel number is the number or sequence number of the carrier channel to which the transmission signal is applicable. The first security parameter includes some or all bits in bit sequence 1.

[0432] Exemplarily: bit sequence 1 = KDF (rand, COUNTERr), where rand is a first random number, COUNTERr is a first communication parameter. The first security parameter includes part or all of the bits in bit sequence 1.

[0433] For another example, N bit sequences are represented as B(1), B(2), B(3), etc. B(d) = KDF(rand, COUNTERr, [counter]), where N≥d≥1, [counter] represents a fresh parameter, and counter is an optional parameter.

[0434] As a possible design, when N is 1, no counter is needed when determining the bit sequence, or the counter is a preset value, such as 0, 1, or a default value. When N is greater than 1, the counter is incremented by 1 after each bit sequence is obtained.

[0435] Optionally, when the information bit length of the security parameter required for a symbol is less than 256 bits, the counter is not required (or the counter is a preset value), and a bit sequence is used to process the data carried by a symbol. That is, one KDF output corresponds to one symbol.

[0436] Optionally, when the information bit length of the security parameter required for a symbol is greater than 256 bits, multiple bit sequences are obtained through counter; according to the information bit length of the security parameter required for a symbol, the multiple bit sequences are staged or spliced ​​to obtain the security parameter.

[0437] In a possible implementation manner, different symbols correspond to different first communication parameters.

[0438] In one possible implementation, during each measurement interaction, the communication parameters are updated starting from a preset value and are updated after each symbol. For example, during each measurement interaction, COUNTERr is updated starting from 0; if the communication parameter COUNTERr corresponding to the current symbol is x, when the next measurement symbol is reached, COUNTERr = x + 1.

[0439] For related descriptions, please refer to the related descriptions of step S1301.

[0440] Step S1604: The second node determines the first security parameter.

[0441] See the relevant description on the first node side in step S1603.

[0442] Step S1605: The first node sends a first safety measurement signal. Correspondingly, the second node receives the first safety measurement signal from the first node.

[0443] The first safety measurement signal corresponds to the second measurement sequence. For related descriptions, see step S1302 and step S1303.

[0444] Step S1606: The second node obtains a first measurement sequence through the first security parameter and the first security measurement signal.

[0445] For example, the first node performs a certain processing to obtain the first safety measurement signal, and accordingly, the second node performs an inverse processing upon receiving the first safety measurement signal, thereby obtaining the first measurement sequence.

[0446] In some scenarios, the first node updates the first communication parameter to obtain the second communication parameter. The first node determines a second random number and obtains a second security parameter based on the second communication parameter and the second random number. The second security parameter is used to send or receive the second measurement signal.

[0447] For example, the first node scrambles the third measurement sequence based on the second security parameter to obtain a fourth measurement sequence, and obtains a second security measurement signal based on the fourth measurement sequence and sends the second security measurement signal to the third node.

[0448] For another example, the first node receives a second safety measurement signal from another node, and obtains a measurement sequence carried in the second safety measurement signal according to the second safety parameter and the second safety measurement signal.

[0449] In the embodiment shown in Figure 16, the first node determines a random number and communication parameters and sends them to the second node. When sending a measurement signal, the first node processes the measurement signal based on the random number and communication parameters to obtain a secure measurement signal, and then transmits the secure measurement signal to complete the ranging process. Correspondingly, the second node receives the measurement signal based on the random number and communication parameters.

[0450] On the one hand, random numbers are difficult to crack due to their randomness. On the other hand, communication parameters can change at any time during communication. For example, the sequence number of time units and the number of frequency units change as transmission progresses, making them also difficult to crack. By processing the measurement signal using random numbers and communication parameters, the measurement signal is significantly more difficult to crack, achieving secure position measurement and improving communication security.

[0451] Design 2

[0452] In one possible design, a first random number and a first communication parameter are determined by a receiving end of the measurement signal. The receiving end sends the first random number and the first communication parameter to a transmitting end. The transmitting end and the receiving end obtain a first security parameter based on the first random number and the first communication parameter, and securely transmit the measurement signal based on the first security parameter. Optionally, the receiving end is a management node.

[0453] Optionally, the transmitting end and the receiving end have a communication connection and support transmission of service data based on the communication connection, where the service data includes a first random number and a first communication parameter. Exemplarily, as shown in FIG6 , this design can be applied to GT ranging. Exemplarily, as shown in FIG7 , this design can be applied to GT ranging or TT ranging.

[0454] Please refer to Figure 17, which is a flow chart of another ranging method provided by an embodiment of the present application. It should be understood that for the sake of convenience, the description here is based on the order of S1701 to S1706, and is not intended to limit the execution to the above order. The embodiment of the present application does not limit the order of execution of one or more steps, the execution time, the number of executions, etc. The details of S1701 to S1706 are as follows:

[0455] Step S1701: The second node determines a first communication parameter and a first random number.

[0456] Refer to the relevant description on the first node side in step S1601 , this step is applicable to the second node side.

[0457] Step S1702: The second node sends a first random number and a first communication parameter.

[0458] Refer to the relevant description on the first node side in step S1602 , this step is applicable to the second node side.

[0459] Step S1703: The first node determines a first security parameter.

[0460] Step S1704: The second node determines the first security parameter.

[0461] Step S1705: The first node sends a first safety measurement signal. Correspondingly, the second node receives the first safety measurement signal from the first node.

[0462] Step S1706: The second node obtains a first measurement sequence through the first security parameter and the first security measurement signal.

[0463] Steps S1703 to S1706 refer to steps S1603 to S1606.

[0464] In the embodiment shown in Figure 17, the second node determines a random number and communication parameters and sends them to the first node. When sending a measurement signal, the first node processes the measurement signal based on the random number and communication parameters to obtain a secure measurement signal, and then sends the secure measurement signal to complete the ranging process, thereby achieving secure ranging and improving communication security.

[0465] Design 3

[0466] In one possible design, a first communication parameter is determined by a third node, which then sends the first communication parameter to a transmitter and a receiver. A first random number is determined by the transmitter and then sent to the receiver via the third node. The transmitter and receiver then derive a first security parameter based on the first random number and the first communication parameter, and securely transmit the measurement signal based on the first security parameter.

[0467] Optionally, the third node is a management node.

[0468] Alternatively, optionally, the third node is a node that has a communication connection with the first node and has a communication connection with the second node.

[0469] Optionally, the transmitting end and the receiving end do not have a communication connection, or the transmission of service data between the two ends is not supported. Exemplarily, as shown in FIG6 , this design can be applied to TT ranging, where the third node is a G node.

[0470] Please refer to Figure 18, which is a flowchart of another ranging method provided by an embodiment of the present application. It should be understood that for the sake of convenience, the description here is based on the order of S1801 to S1809, and is not intended to limit the execution to the above order. The embodiment of the present application does not limit the order of execution of one or more steps, the execution time, the number of executions, etc. The details of S1801 to S1809 are as follows:

[0471] Step S1801: The first node determines a first random number.

[0472] Step S1802: The first node sends a first random number to the third node.

[0473] Step S1803: The third node determines the first communication parameter.

[0474] Step S1803 is an optional step, that is, the third node may not execute step S1803.

[0475] As a possible implementation, the third node does not need to generate new first communication parameters each time before sending a measurement signal. For example, after the first node generates the communication parameters, the communication parameters are updated. The first node and the second node can update the communication parameters based on the original communication parameters to determine the first communication parameters.

[0476] Optionally, the third node may determine a preset value of the communication parameter and send it to the first node and the second node. The first node and the second node update based on the preset value of the communication parameter, thereby determining the security parameter based on the new communication parameter during multiple transmissions / receptions of the measurement signal.

[0477] Step S1804: The third node sends the first random number and the first communication parameter to the second node. Correspondingly, the second node receives the first random number and the first communication parameter from the third node.

[0478] Optionally, the first communication parameter is an optional parameter.

[0479] Step S1805: The third node sends the first communication parameter to the first node. Correspondingly, the second node receives the first communication parameter from the first node.

[0480] Step S1805 is an optional step, that is, the third node may not execute step S1805.

[0481] Step S1806: The first node determines a first security parameter.

[0482] Step S1807: The second node determines the first security parameter.

[0483] Step S1808: The first node sends a first safety measurement signal.

[0484] Step S1809: The second node obtains a first measurement sequence through the first security parameter and the first security measurement signal.

[0485] Steps S1806 to S1809 refer to steps S1603 to S1606.

[0486] In the embodiment shown in Figure 18, the first node determines a random number and sends it to the third node, which then forwards it to the second node. The third node may also determine communication parameters and send them to the first and second nodes.

[0487] When sending the measurement signal, the first node processes the measurement signal based on the random number and the communication parameter to obtain a secure measurement signal, and sends the secure measurement signal to complete the ranging process, thereby achieving secure ranging and improving the security of the node.

[0488] Furthermore, in the embodiment shown in FIG18 , ranging can be achieved without a communication connection (referring to a communication connection for transmitting service data) between the first and second nodes. For example, a third node forwards a random number, etc., to ensure that the random numbers of the first and second nodes are consistent. Communication parameters can also be changed consistently based on preset values. In summary, the above embodiment reduces the steps in the ranging process, reduces the complexity of ranging, and improves the versatility of ranging.

[0489] Design 4

[0490] In one possible design, a first communication parameter is determined by a third node, which transmits the first communication parameter to a transmitter and a receiver. A first random number is determined by a receiver and transmitted to the transmitter via the third node. The transmitter and receiver derive a first security parameter based on the first random number and the first communication parameter, and securely transmit the measurement signal based on the first security parameter.

[0491] For related descriptions, please refer to the related descriptions of the embodiment shown in FIG18 , but the first random number is determined by the second node and provided to the third node, which is then forwarded to the first node.

[0492] Design 5

[0493] In one possible design, a third node determines the first random number and the first communication parameter, which are then sent to a transmitter and a receiver. The transmitter and the receiver then obtain a first security parameter based on the first random number and the first communication parameter, and securely transmit the measurement signal based on the first security parameter.

[0494] Optionally, the third node is a management node.

[0495] Alternatively, optionally, the third node is a node that has a communication connection with the first node and has a communication connection with the second node.

[0496] Optionally, the transmitting end and the receiving end do not have a communication connection, or the transmission of service data between the two ends is not supported. Exemplarily, as shown in FIG6 , this design can be applied to TT ranging, where the third node is a G node.

[0497] Please refer to Figure 19, which is a flowchart of another ranging method provided by an embodiment of the present application. It should be understood that for the sake of convenience, the description here is based on the order of S1901 to S1906, and is not intended to limit the execution to the above order. The embodiment of the present application does not limit the order of execution of one or more steps, the execution time, the number of executions, etc. The details of S1901 to S1906 are as follows:

[0498] Step S1901: The third node determines a first communication parameter.

[0499] Furthermore, the third node provides the first random number to the first node and the second node. It should be understood that step S1901 is an optional step, that is, the third node may not perform step S1901.

[0500] In the case where the third node sends the first communication parameter to the second node, the second node receives the first communication parameter from the third node accordingly.

[0501] In the case where the third node sends the first communication parameter to the first node, the first node accordingly receives the first communication parameter from the third node.

[0502] Step S1902: The third node determines a first random number.

[0503] Furthermore, the third node provides the first random number to the first node and the second node.

[0504] Step S1903: The first node determines a first security parameter.

[0505] Step S1904: The second node determines the first security parameter.

[0506] Step S1905: The first node sends a first safety measurement signal.

[0507] Step S1906: The second node obtains a first measurement sequence through the first security parameter and the first security measurement signal.

[0508] Steps S1903 to S1906 refer to steps S1603 to S1606.

[0509] In the embodiment shown in Figure 19, ranging can be achieved without a communication connection (referring to a communication connection for transmitting service data) between the first and second nodes. A third node sends a random number to both ends of the measurement, ensuring that the random numbers of the first and second nodes are consistent. Communication parameters can also be changed consistently based on preset values. In summary, the above embodiment reduces the steps in the ranging process, reduces the complexity of ranging, and improves the versatility of ranging.

[0510] The above illustrates the sending and receiving process of a single measurement signal. The following illustrates the ranging interaction process of multiple nodes.

[0511] As a possible example, the ranging process of multiple nodes is described based on the ranging process shown in Figure 10 and in combination with Figures 20 and 21. Optionally, the measured node G establishes a connection with the measuring node T1, measuring node T2, and measuring node T3, and the connection mode can be a star flash connection, such as a connection based on SLB or SLE.

[0512] The following first describes the sending process of the measurement signal S1 by way of example with reference to FIG. 20 .

[0513] Please refer to Figure 20, which is a flow chart of another ranging method provided by an embodiment of the present application. It should be understood that for the sake of convenience, the description here is based on the order of S2001 to S2007, and is not intended to limit the execution to the above order. The embodiment of the present application does not limit the order of execution of one or more steps, the execution time, the number of executions, etc. The specific steps of S2001 to S2007 are as follows:

[0514] Step S2001: The measured node G determines communication parameter 1.

[0515] Furthermore, the measured node G provides the communication parameter 1 (for example, represented as COUNTERr) to the measuring nodes, such as the measuring node T1 , the measuring node T2 , and the measuring node T3 .

[0516] Optionally, when frequency hopping is required, the first node determines a channel sequence for frequency hopping, and sends the channel sequence to the measuring node T1 , the measuring node T2 , and the measuring node T3 .

[0517] Step S2002: The tested node G determines a random number 1.

[0518] Furthermore, the measured node G provides a random number 1 (for example, represented as rand1) to the measuring nodes, such as the measuring node T1, the measuring node T2, and the measuring node T3.

[0519] Optionally, the measured node G further provides the source address and / or destination address of the measurement signal S1 to the measuring node.

[0520] Step S2003: The measured node G determines the security parameter 1.

[0521] The security parameter includes part or all of the bits in a bit sequence (referred to as bit sequence 1 for easy distinction). There may be one or more bit sequences.

[0522] As an example, bit sequence 1 = KDF (rand1, COUNTERr, [counter]), where COUNTERr is the first communication parameter and rand1 is a random number 1. Exemplarily, the information bit length of bit sequence 1 is 256 bits or 128 bits.

[0523] As a possible implementation, COUNTERr can be determined based on one or more of the following: a superframe number, a radio frame number, a channel number (when frequency hopping is required), or a symbol sequence number. Optionally, COUNTERr is different for different symbols. For example, COUNTERr corresponding to symbol #1 is 1, and COUNTERr corresponding to symbol #2 is 2.

[0524] As another possible implementation, for each positioning measurement, COUNTERr starts from 0 and increases by 1 in symbol units. When the next measurement symbol is reached, COUNTERr increases by 1.

[0525] Optionally, when the security parameter length required for a symbol is less than 256 bits, the counter is not required (or the counter is a preset value, such as 0, 1, or the default), and one KDF output result (a bit sequence) corresponds to one symbol. When the security parameter length required for a symbol is greater than 256 bits, the counter is added by 1 to obtain multiple KDF output results. The multiple KDF output results are truncated or concatenated into a single security parameter based on the required symbol length.

[0526] Step S2004: Measuring node T1 determines security parameter 1. See step S2003.

[0527] Step S2005: The measuring node T2 determines the security parameter 1. See step S2003.

[0528] Step S2006: The measuring node T3 determines the security parameter 1. See step S2003.

[0529] Step S2007: the measured node G sends a measurement signal S1.

[0530] The measurement signal S1 is a scrambled measurement signal obtained based on the security parameter 1. Accordingly, the measurement nodes T1, T2, and T3 receive the scrambled measurement signal S1 based on the security parameter 1.

[0531] The following is an exemplary description of the sending process of the measurement signal S2 , the measurement signal S3 , and the measurement signal S4 with reference to FIG. 21 .

[0532] Please refer to Figure 21, which is a flow chart of another ranging method provided by an embodiment of the present application. It should be understood that for the sake of convenience, the description here is based on the order of S2101 to S2113, and is not intended to limit the execution to the above order. The embodiment of the present application does not limit the order of execution of one or more steps, the execution time, the number of executions, etc. The specific steps S2101 to S2113 are as follows:

[0533] Step S2101: The measured node G determines communication parameter 2.

[0534] Furthermore, the measured node G provides the communication parameter 2 to the measuring nodes, such as the measuring node T1 , the measuring node T2 , and the measuring node T3 .

[0535] Optionally, when frequency hopping is required, the measured node G determines a channel sequence for frequency hopping and sends the channel sequence to the measuring node T1 , the measuring node T2 , and the measuring node T3 .

[0536] Step S2102: The measuring node T1 determines a random number 2.

[0537] The random number 2 is represented as rand2. Further, the measuring node T1 provides the random number 2 to the measured node G.

[0538] Step S2103: The measured node G determines the security parameter 2.

[0539] For example, security parameter 2 is determined based on a bit sequence (referred to as bit sequence 2 for ease of distinction): Bit sequence 2 = KDF (rand2, COUNTERr, [counter]). Exemplarily, the information bit length of bit sequence 2 is 256 bits or 128 bits.

[0540] For related description, please refer to step S2003.

[0541] Step S2104: The measuring node T1 determines the security parameter 2. See step S2103.

[0542] Step S2105: the measuring node T1 sends a measurement signal S2 to the measured node G.

[0543] The measurement signal S2 is a scrambled measurement signal obtained based on the security parameter 2. Accordingly, the measured node G receives the scrambled measurement signal S2 based on the security parameter 2.

[0544] Step S2106: The measuring node T2 determines the random number 3.

[0545] The random number 3 is represented as rand3. Further, the measuring node T2 provides the random number 3 to the measured node G.

[0546] Step S2107: The measured node G determines the security parameter 3.

[0547] For example, security parameter 3 is determined based on a bit sequence (referred to as bit sequence 3 for ease of distinction): Bit sequence 3 = KDF (rand3, COUNTERr, [counter]). Exemplarily, the information bit length of bit sequence 3 is 256 bits or 128 bits.

[0548] For related description, please refer to step S2003.

[0549] Step S2108: The measuring node T2 determines the security parameter 3. See step S2107.

[0550] Step S2109: the measuring node T2 sends a measurement signal S3 to the measured node G.

[0551] The measurement signal S3 is a scrambled measurement signal obtained based on the security parameter 3. Accordingly, the measured node G receives the scrambled measurement signal S3 based on the security parameter 3.

[0552] Step S2110: The measuring node T3 determines a random number 4.

[0553] The random number 4 is represented as rand4. Further, the measuring node T3 provides the random number 4 to the measured node G.

[0554] Step S2111: The measured node G determines the security parameter 4.

[0555] For example, security parameter 4 is determined based on a bit sequence (referred to as bit sequence 4 for easy distinction): bit sequence 4 = KDF (rand4, COUNTERr, [counter]). Exemplarily, the information bit length of bit sequence 4 is 256 bits or 128 bits.

[0556] For related description, see step S2003.

[0557] Step S2112: The measuring node T3 determines the security parameter 4. See step S2111.

[0558] Step S2113: The measuring node T3 sends a measurement signal S4 to the measured node G.

[0559] The measurement signal S4 is a scrambled measurement signal obtained based on the security parameter 4. Accordingly, the measured node G receives the scrambled measurement signal S4 based on the security parameter 4.

[0560] In conjunction with Figures 20 and 21 , a ranging interaction (measurement signal S1 and measurement signal S2) is completed between the measured node G and the measuring node T1, thereby calculating the distance between the measured node G and the measuring node T1. Similarly, a ranging interaction (measurement signal S1 and measurement signal S3) is completed between the measured node G and the measuring node T2, thereby calculating the distance between the measured node G and the measuring node T2. Similarly, a ranging interaction (measurement signal S1 and measurement signal S4) is completed between the measured node G and the measuring node T3, thereby calculating the distance between the measured node G and the measuring node T3.

[0561] Based on the measurement signals S1 , S2 , S3 and S4 , the angle and position of the node under test G can be determined, thereby achieving positioning of the node under test G.

[0562] The following takes the ranging process shown in FIG12 as an example, and combines FIG22 and FIG23 to illustrate a possible situation of multi-node ranging.

[0563] The following first describes the sending process of the measurement signal S5 by way of example.

[0564] Please refer to Figure 22, which is a flowchart of another ranging method provided by an embodiment of the present application. It should be understood that for the sake of convenience, the description here is based on the order of S2201 to S2207, and is not intended to limit the execution to the above order. The embodiment of the present application does not limit the order of execution of one or more steps, the execution time, the number of executions, etc. The specific steps S2201 to S2207 are as follows:

[0565] Step S2201: Measuring node G determines communication parameter 3.

[0566] Furthermore, the measuring node G provides the communication parameter 3 (for example, represented as COUNTERr) to the measured node T1 , the measuring node T2 , and the measuring node T3 .

[0567] Optionally, the measuring node G further provides the source address and / or destination address of the measurement signal S4 to the measured node T1 , the measuring node T2 , and the measuring node T3 .

[0568] Optionally, when frequency hopping is required, the first node determines a channel sequence for frequency hopping, and sends the channel sequence to the measuring node T1 , the measuring node T2 , and the measuring node T3 .

[0569] Step S2202: The tested node T1 determines the random number 5.

[0570] The random number 5 is represented as rand5. Further, the measured node T1 provides the random number 5 (for example, represented as rand5) to the measuring node G, which then forwards the random number 5 to other measuring nodes, such as the measuring node T2 and the measuring node T3.

[0571] Step S2203: The measured node T1 determines the security parameter 5.

[0572] For example, security parameter 5 is determined based on a bit sequence (referred to as bit sequence 5 for easy distinction): Bit sequence 5 = KDF (rand5, COUNTERr, [counter]). Exemplarily, the information bit length of bit sequence 5 is 256 bits or 128 bits.

[0573] For related description, please refer to step S2003.

[0574] Step S2204: The measuring node G determines the security parameter 5. See step S2203.

[0575] Step S2205: The measuring node T2 determines the security parameter 5. See step S2203.

[0576] Step S2206: The measuring node T3 determines the security parameter 5. See step S2203.

[0577] Step S2207: the measured node T1 sends a measurement signal S5.

[0578] The measurement signal S5 is a scrambled measurement signal obtained based on the security parameter 5. Accordingly, the measurement node G, the measurement node T2, and the measurement node T3 receive the scrambled measurement signal S1 based on the security parameter 5.

[0579] The following describes the sending process of the measurement signal S6 , the measurement signal S7 , and the measurement signal S8 by way of example.

[0580] Please refer to Figure 23, which is a flowchart of another ranging method provided by an embodiment of the present application. It should be understood that for the sake of convenience, the description here is based on the order of S2301 to S2313, and is not intended to limit the execution to the above order. The embodiment of the present application does not limit the order of execution of one or more steps, the execution time, the number of executions, etc. The specific details of S2301 to S2313 are as follows:

[0581] Step S2301: The measuring node G determines the communication parameter 4.

[0582] Furthermore, the measuring node G provides the communication parameter 4 to the measured node T1 , the measuring node T2 , and the measuring node T3 .

[0583] Optionally, when frequency hopping is required, the measuring node G determines a channel sequence for frequency hopping and sends the channel sequence to the measured node T1 , the measuring node T2 , and the measuring node T3 .

[0584] Step S2302: Measurement node G determines the random number 6.

[0585] The random number 6 is represented as rand6. Further, the measurement node G provides the random number 6 to the measurement node T1.

[0586] Step S2303: The measured node T1 determines the security parameter 6.

[0587] For example, security parameter 6 is determined based on a bit sequence (referred to as bit sequence 6 for easy distinction): bit sequence 6 = KDF (rand6, COUNTERr, [counter]). Exemplarily, the information bit length of bit sequence 6 is 256 bits or 128 bits.

[0588] For related description, please refer to step S2003.

[0589] Step S2304: Measurement node G determines security parameter 6. See step S2303.

[0590] Step S2305: The measuring node G sends a measurement signal S6 to the measured node T1.

[0591] The measurement signal S6 is a scrambled measurement signal obtained based on the security parameter 6. Accordingly, the measured node T1 receives the scrambled measurement signal S6 based on the security parameter 6.

[0592] Step S2306: The measuring node T2 determines the random number 7.

[0593] The random number 7 is represented as rand7. Further, the measuring node T2 provides the random number 7 to the measuring node G, and the measuring node G forwards the random number 7 to the node to be measured T1.

[0594] Step S2307: The measured node T1 determines the security parameter 7.

[0595] For example, security parameter 7 is determined based on a bit sequence (referred to as bit sequence 7 for ease of distinction): Bit sequence 7 = KDF(rand3, COUNTERr, [counter]). Exemplarily, the information bit length of bit sequence 7 is 256 bits or 128 bits.

[0596] For related description, please refer to step S2003.

[0597] Step S2308: The measuring node T2 determines the security parameter 7. See step S2303.

[0598] Step S2309: The measuring node T2 sends a measurement signal S7 to the measured node T1.

[0599] The measurement signal S7 is a scrambled measurement signal obtained based on the security parameter 7. Accordingly, the measured node T1 receives the scrambled measurement signal S7 based on the security parameter 7.

[0600] Step S2310: The measuring node T3 determines the random number 8.

[0601] The random number 8 is represented as rand8. Further, the measuring node T3 provides the random number 8 to the measuring node G, and the measuring node 8 provides the random number to the measured node T1.

[0602] Step S2311: The measured node T1 determines the security parameter 8.

[0603] For example, security parameter 8 is determined based on a bit sequence (referred to as bit sequence 8 for easy distinction): Bit sequence 8 = KDF (rand4, COUNTERr, [counter]). Exemplarily, the information bit length of bit sequence 8 is 256 bits or 128 bits.

[0604] For related description, see step S2003.

[0605] Step S2312: The measuring node T3 determines the security parameter 8. See step S2312.

[0606] Step S2313: The measuring node T3 sends a measurement signal S8 to the measured node T1.

[0607] The measurement signal S8 is a scrambled measurement signal obtained based on the security parameter 8. Accordingly, the measured node T1 receives the scrambled measurement signal S8 based on the security parameter 8.

[0608] 22 and 23 , a ranging interaction (measurement signal S5 and measurement signal S6) is performed between the measured node T1 and the measuring node G, thereby calculating the distance between the measured node T1 and the measuring node G. Similarly, a ranging interaction (measurement signal S5 and measurement signal S7) is performed between the measured node T1 and the measuring node T2, thereby calculating the distance between the measured node T1 and the measuring node T2. Similarly, a ranging interaction (measurement signal S5 and measurement signal S8) is performed between the measured node T1 and the measuring node T3, thereby calculating the distance between the measured node T1 and the measuring node T2.

[0609] Based on the measurement signals S5 , S6 , S7 and S8 , the angle and position of the measured node T1 can be determined, thereby achieving positioning of the measured node T1 .

[0610] The following takes the ranging process shown in FIG12 as an example, and combines FIG24 and FIG25 to illustrate a possible situation of multi-node ranging.

[0611] The following first describes the sending process of the measurement signal S5 by way of example.

[0612] Please refer to Figure 24, which is a flowchart of another ranging method provided by an embodiment of the present application. It should be understood that for the sake of convenience, the description here is based on the order of S2401 to S2407, and is not intended to limit the execution to the above order. The embodiment of the present application does not limit the order of execution of one or more steps, the execution time, the number of executions, etc. The specific steps S2401 to S2407 are as follows:

[0613] Step S2401: The measuring node G determines the communication parameter 3. See step S2201.

[0614] Step S2402: Measurement node G determines a random number 5.

[0615] The random number 5 is represented as rand5. Further, the measuring node G provides the random number 5 to the measured node T1, the measuring node T2 and the measuring node T3.

[0616] Step S2403: The measured node T1 determines the security parameter 5.

[0617] Step S2404: Measuring node G determines security parameter 5.

[0618] Step S2405: The measuring node T2 determines the security parameter 5.

[0619] Step S2406: The measuring node T3 determines the security parameter 5.

[0620] Step S2407: The measured node T1 sends a measurement signal S5. For steps S2403 to S2407, refer to steps S2203 to S2207.

[0621] The following describes the sending process of the measurement signal S6 , the measurement signal S7 , and the measurement signal S8 by way of example.

[0622] Please refer to Figure 25, which is a flowchart of another ranging method provided by an embodiment of the present application. It should be understood that for the sake of convenience, the description here is based on the order of S2501 to S2513, and is not intended to limit the execution to the above order. The embodiment of the present application does not limit the order of execution of one or more steps, the execution time, the number of executions, etc. The specific details of S2501 to S2513 are as follows:

[0623] Step S2501: The measuring node G determines the communication parameter 4.

[0624] Step S2502: The measuring node G determines the random number 6.

[0625] Step S2503: The measured node T1 determines the security parameter 6.

[0626] Step S2504: The measuring node G determines the security parameter 6.

[0627] Step S2505: The measuring node G sends a measurement signal S6 to the measured node T1. For steps S2501 to S2505, refer to steps S2301 to S2305.

[0628] Step S2506: The measuring node G determines the random number 7.

[0629] The random number 7 is represented as rand7. Further, the measuring node G provides the random number 7 to the measuring node T2 and the measured node T1.

[0630] Step S2507: The measured node T1 determines the security parameter 7.

[0631] Step S2508: The measuring node T2 determines the security parameter 7.

[0632] Step S2509: The measuring node T2 sends a measurement signal S7 to the measured node T1. For steps S2507 to S2509, refer to steps S2307 to S2309.

[0633] Step S2510: The measuring node G determines the random number 8.

[0634] The random number 7 is represented as rand8. Furthermore, the measuring node G provides the random number 8 to the measuring node T2 and the measured node T1.

[0635] Step S2511: The measured node T1 determines the security parameter 8.

[0636] Step S2512: The measuring node T3 determines the security parameter 8.

[0637] Step S2513: The measuring node T3 sends a measurement signal S8 to the measured node T1. For steps S2511 to S2513, refer to steps S2311 to S2313.

[0638] 24 and 25 , a ranging interaction (measurement signal S5 and measurement signal S6) is performed between the measured node T1 and the measuring node G, thereby calculating the distance between the measured node T1 and the measuring node G. Similarly, a ranging interaction (measurement signal S5 and measurement signal S7) is performed between the measured node T1 and the measuring node T2, thereby calculating the distance between the measured node T1 and the measuring node T2. Similarly, a ranging interaction (measurement signal S5 and measurement signal S8) is performed between the measured node T1 and the measuring node T3, thereby calculating the distance between the measured node T1 and the measuring node T2.

[0639] Based on the measurement signals S5 , S6 , S7 and S8 , the angle and position of the measured node T1 can be determined, thereby achieving positioning of the measured node T1 .

[0640] The above describes in detail the method of the embodiment of the present application. The following provides an apparatus of the embodiment of the present application.

[0641] It should be understood that the division of units in the device provided in the embodiments of the present application is only a division of logical functions. In actual implementation, they can be fully or partially integrated into one physical entity, or they can be physically separated. In addition, the units in the device can be implemented in the form of a processor calling software; for example, the device includes a processor, the processor is connected to a memory, and the memory stores instructions. The processor calls the instructions stored in the memory to implement any of the above methods or realize the functions of each unit of the device, wherein the processor is, for example, a general-purpose processor, such as a central processing unit (CPU) or a microprocessor, and the memory is a memory within the device or a memory outside the device. Alternatively, the units in the device can be implemented in the form of hardware circuits, and the functions of some or all of the units can be realized by designing the hardware circuits. The hardware circuit can be understood as one or more processors. For example, in one implementation, the hardware circuit is an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), which realizes the functions of some or all of the above units by designing the logical relationship of the components in the circuit. For another example, in another implementation, the hardware circuit can be implemented by a programmable logic device (PLD). Taking a field programmable gate array (FPGA) as an example, it can include a large number of logic gate circuits, and the connection relationship between the logic gate circuits is configured by configuring the configuration file, thereby realizing the functions of some or all of the above units. All units of the above devices can be implemented in the form of software called by the processor, or in the form of hardware circuits, or in part by the form of software called by the processor, and the rest by hardware circuits.

[0642] In an embodiment of the present application, a processor is a circuit with a signal processing capability. In one implementation, the processor may be a circuit with an instruction reading and execution capability, such as a central processing unit (CPU), a microprocessor, a graphics processing unit (GPU) (which may be understood as a microprocessor), or a digital signal processor (DSP); in another implementation, the processor may implement certain functions through the logical relationship of a hardware circuit, and the logical relationship of the hardware circuit may be fixed or reconfigurable, such as a hardware circuit implemented by an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) or a programmable logic device (PLD), such as an FPGA. In a reconfigurable hardware circuit, the process of the processor loading a configuration document to implement the hardware circuit configuration may be understood as the process of the processor loading instructions to implement the functions of some or all of the above units. In addition, it can also be a hardware circuit designed for artificial intelligence, which can be understood as an ASIC, such as a neural network processing unit (NPU), a tensor processing unit (TPU), a deep learning processing unit (DPU), etc.

[0643] It can be seen that each unit in the above device can be one or more processors (or processing circuits) configured to implement the above method, such as: CPU, GPU, NPU, TPU, DPU, microprocessor, DSP, ASIC, FPGA, or a combination of at least two of these processor forms.

[0644] In addition, the various units in the above devices can be fully or partially integrated together, or can be implemented independently. In one implementation, these units are integrated together and implemented in the form of a system-on-a-chip (SOC). The SOC may include at least one processor for implementing any of the above methods or implementing the functions of the various units of the device. The type of the at least one processor can be different, for example, including a CPU and FPGA, a CPU and an artificial intelligence processor, a CPU and a GPU, etc.

[0645] Several possible arrangements are listed below.

[0646] Please refer to Figure 26, which is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application. Optionally, the communication device 260 can be an independent device, such as a node. Alternatively, the communication device 260 can also be a device in an independent device (such as a node), such as a chip or an integrated circuit. The communication device 260 is used to implement the aforementioned ranging method, such as the ranging method shown in Figures 13, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, or 25.

[0647] In one possible design, the communication device 260 includes a processing unit 2601 and a communication unit 2602, and the communication device 260 is used to implement the method of measuring the transmitting end side of the signal in the aforementioned ranging method. For example, the first node in the embodiments of Figures 13, 16, 17, 18, or 19.

[0648] In one possible implementation, the processing unit 2601 is configured to determine a first security parameter based on a plurality of input parameters, where the plurality of input parameters include a first random value and a first communication parameter;

[0649] The processing unit 2601 is further configured to obtain a second measurement sequence according to the first security parameter and the first measurement sequence;

[0650] The communication unit 2602 is configured to send a first safety measurement signal, where the first safety measurement signal is associated with the second measurement sequence and is used for position information measurement.

[0651] In another possible implementation, the first communication parameter is related to one or more of the following information:

[0652] The sequence number of a first OFDM symbol, the number of a first time unit, or the number of a first frequency unit, wherein the first OFDM symbol is used to carry the first security measurement signal, the first time unit includes the first OFDM symbol, and the first frequency unit includes a frequency resource used to transmit the first security measurement signal.

[0653] In another possible embodiment, the first time unit is included in multiple consecutive time units, and the signals carried by the multiple consecutive time units are frequency-hopped according to a preset frequency unit number sequence during transmission, and the number of the first frequency unit belongs to the preset frequency unit number sequence.

[0654] In another possible implementation, the first communication parameter is associated with a position of the first OFDM symbol relative to the second OFDM symbol, wherein the first OFDM symbol carries the first safety measurement signal, the second OFDM symbol is used to carry the second safety measurement signal, and the first communication parameter corresponding to the second safety measurement signal is a preset value.

[0655] In yet another possible implementation, the processing unit 2601 is further configured to scramble the first measurement sequence using the first security parameter to obtain the second measurement sequence.

[0656] In yet another possible implementation, the processing unit 2601 is further configured to perform an exclusive OR operation on the first security parameter and the first measurement sequence to obtain the second measurement sequence.

[0657] In yet another possible implementation, the processing unit 2601 is further configured to:

[0658] N bit sequences are obtained according to the multiple input parameters, where the N bit sequences include the first security parameter, and N is an integer and N≥1.

[0659] In yet another possible implementation, when N is greater than 1, the multiple input parameters further include a fresh parameter; and the processing unit 2601 is further configured to:

[0660] The N bit sequences are obtained according to the first random value, the first communication parameter, and the fresh parameter, wherein the fresh parameter is updated after each bit sequence in the N bit sequences is obtained.

[0661] In another possible implementation, the fresh parameter corresponding to the first bit sequence among the N bit sequences is a preset value, and the fresh parameter corresponding to the second bit sequence among the N bit sequences is associated with the preset value and the sequence number of the second bit sequence, wherein the second bit sequence is different from the first bit sequence.

[0662] In yet another possible implementation, when N is greater than 1, the processing unit 2601 is further configured to:

[0663] Obtaining a first bit sequence among the N bit sequences according to the multiple input parameters;

[0664] An Ith bit sequence is obtained according to the multiple input parameters and the I-1th bit sequence, where I is an integer and N≥I≥2.

[0665] In yet another possible implementation, the first safety measurement signal includes multiple sub-measurement signals, and the multiple sub-measurement signals are sent by multiple antennas;

[0666] The first measurement sequence includes a plurality of first subsequences, wherein the plurality of subsequences respectively use different parts of the first security parameter to generate a plurality of second subsequences, and the plurality of second subsequences belong to the second measurement sequence;

[0667] Each sub-measurement signal corresponds to one of the multiple second sub-sequences.

[0668] In yet another possible implementation, the communication unit 2602 is further configured to send the first safety measurement signal to the second node, where the first safety measurement signal is used to measure a distance between the first node and the second node.

[0669] In yet another possible implementation, the first random number is determined by the first node; and the communication unit 2602 is further configured to send the first random number to the second node.

[0670] In yet another possible implementation, the communication unit 2602 is further configured to receive the first random number from the second node.

[0671] In yet another possible implementation, the first random number is determined by the first node, and the communication unit 2602 is further configured to send the first random number to a third node.

[0672] In yet another possible implementation, the communication unit 2602 is further configured to receive the communication address of the second node from the third node.

[0673] In yet another possible implementation, the third node is a node that sends data scheduling information, and the first node is a node that receives and / or sends data based on the data scheduling information.

[0674] In yet another possible implementation, the first communication parameter comes from a management node, and the management node is a node that sends data scheduling information.

[0675] Optionally, the first node is a management node, or the third node is a management node, or the second node is a management node.

[0676] In yet another possible implementation, the first measurement sequence is a pseudo-random sequence.

[0677] In yet another possible implementation, the multiple input parameters further include indication information, where the indication information indicates at least one antenna among the multiple antennas; and the first safety measurement signal is transmitted through the at least one antenna.

[0678] In another possible design, communication device 260 includes a processing unit 2601 and a communication unit 2602, and is configured to implement the aforementioned ranging method for measuring the receiving end side of the signal. For example, the second node in the embodiments of FIG. 13 , FIG. 16 , FIG. 17 , FIG. 18 , or FIG. 19 .

[0679] In one possible implementation, the processing unit 2601 is configured to determine a first security parameter based on a plurality of input parameters, where the plurality of input parameters include a first random value and a first communication parameter;

[0680] The communication unit 2602 is configured to receive a first safety measurement signal, where the first safety measurement signal is associated with the second measurement sequence and is used for position information measurement;

[0681] The processing unit 2601 is further configured to obtain a first measurement sequence using the first safety parameter and the first safety measurement signal.

[0682] In another possible implementation, the first communication parameter is related to one or more of the following information:

[0683] The sequence number of a first OFDM symbol, the number of a first time unit, or the number of a first frequency unit, wherein the first OFDM symbol is used to carry the first security measurement signal, the first time unit includes the first OFDM symbol, and the first frequency unit includes a frequency resource used to transmit the first security measurement signal.

[0684] In another possible embodiment, the first time unit is included in multiple consecutive time units, and the signals carried by the multiple consecutive time units are frequency-hopped according to a preset frequency unit number sequence during transmission, and the number of the first frequency unit belongs to the preset frequency unit number sequence.

[0685] In another possible implementation, the first communication parameter is associated with a position of the first OFDM symbol relative to the second OFDM symbol, wherein the first OFDM symbol carries the first safety measurement signal, the second OFDM symbol is used to carry the second safety measurement signal, and the first communication parameter corresponding to the second safety measurement signal is a preset value.

[0686] In yet another possible implementation, the processing unit 2601 is further configured to descramble the second measurement sequence using the first security parameter to obtain the first measurement sequence.

[0687] In yet another possible implementation, the processing unit 2601 is further configured to perform an exclusive OR operation on the first security parameter and the second measurement sequence to obtain the first measurement sequence.

[0688] In yet another possible implementation, the processing unit 2601 is further configured to:

[0689] N bit sequences are obtained according to the multiple input parameters, where the N bit sequences include the first security parameter, where N is an integer and N≥1.

[0690] In another possible implementation, when N is greater than 1, the multiple input parameters further include a fresh parameter; the processing unit 2601 is further used to obtain the N bit sequences based on the first random value, the first communication parameter and the fresh parameter, wherein the fresh parameter is updated after each bit sequence among the N bit sequences is obtained.

[0691] In another possible implementation, the fresh parameter corresponding to the first bit sequence among the N bit sequences is a preset value, and the fresh parameter corresponding to the second bit sequence among the N bit sequences is associated with the preset value and the sequence number of the second bit sequence, wherein the second bit sequence is different from the first bit sequence.

[0692] In yet another possible implementation, when N is greater than 1, the processing unit 2601 is further configured to:

[0693] Obtaining a first bit sequence among the N bit sequences according to the multiple input parameters;

[0694] An Ith bit sequence is obtained according to the multiple input parameters and the I-1th bit sequence, where I is an integer and N≥I≥2.

[0695] In another possible implementation, the first safety measurement signal includes multiple sub-measurement signals, which are sent by multiple antennas of the first node and respectively received by multiple antennas of the second node;

[0696] The first measurement sequence includes a plurality of first subsequences, wherein the plurality of subsequences respectively use different parts of the first security parameter to generate a plurality of second subsequences, and the plurality of second subsequences belong to the second measurement sequence;

[0697] Each sub-measurement signal corresponds to one of the multiple second sub-sequences.

[0698] In yet another possible implementation, the communication unit 2602 is further configured to receive a first random number from the first node.

[0699] In another possible implementation, the processing unit 2601 is further configured to determine a first random number;

[0700] The communication unit 2602 is further configured to send the first random number to the first node.

[0701] In yet another possible implementation, the communication unit 2602 is further configured to receive the first random number sent by a third node, where the first random number comes from the first node.

[0702] In yet another possible implementation, the communication unit 2602 is further configured to receive the communication address of the first node from the third node.

[0703] In yet another possible implementation, the third node is a node that sends data scheduling information, and the first node is a node that receives and / or sends data based on the data scheduling information.

[0704] In yet another possible implementation, the first communication parameter comes from a management node, and the management node is a node that sends data scheduling information.

[0705] In yet another possible implementation, the first measurement sequence is a pseudo-random sequence.

[0706] In yet another possible implementation, the multiple input parameters further include indication information, where the indication information indicates at least one antenna among the multiple antennas; and the first safety measurement signal is transmitted through the at least one antenna.

[0707] Please refer to Figure 27, which is a structural diagram of another communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0708] The communication device 270 may be a standalone device, such as a node, or a device included in a standalone device, such as a chip, software module, or integrated circuit. The communication device 270 may include at least one processor 2701 and a communication interface 2702. Optionally, it may also include at least one memory 2703. Further optionally, it may also include a connection line 2704, wherein the processor 2701, communication interface 2702, and / or memory 2703 are connected via the connection line 2704 and / or communicate with each other via the connection line 2704 to transmit control signals and / or data signals.

[0709] in:

[0710] (1) The processor 2701 is a module that performs arithmetic operations and / or logical operations, and may specifically include one or more of the following modules: a filter, a modem, a power amplifier, a low noise amplifier (LNA), a baseband processor, a radio frequency processor, a radio frequency circuit, a central processing unit (CPU), an application processor (AP), a microcontroller unit (MCU), an electronic control unit (ECU), a graphics processing unit (GPU), a microprocessor unit (MPU), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), an image signal processor (ISP), a digital signal processor (DSP), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), a complex programmable logic device (CPLD), or a coprocessor, etc.

[0711] (2) The communication interface 2702 may be used to provide information input or output for the at least one processor, or to receive externally transmitted signals and / or send signals to the outside.

[0712] For example, communication interface 2702 may include interface circuitry.

[0713] For example, the communication interface 2702 may include a wired link interface such as an Ethernet cable, or a wireless link interface (Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, general wireless transmission, vehicle-mounted short-range communication technology, and other short-range wireless communication technologies, etc.).

[0714] Optionally, the communication interface 2702 may further include a radio frequency transmitter, an antenna, etc. When the communication interface 2702 includes an antenna, the number of antennas may be one or more.

[0715] As a possible design, if the communication device 270 is a standalone device, the communication interface 2702 may include a receiver and a transmitter. The receiver and the transmitter may be the same component or different components. When the receiver and the transmitter are the same component, the component may be referred to as a transceiver.

[0716] As another possible design, if the communication device 270 is a chip or a circuit, the communication interface 2702 may include an input interface and an output interface. The input interface and the output interface may be the same interface, or may be different interfaces.

[0717] Optionally, the functions of the communication interface 2702 may be implemented by a transceiver circuit or a dedicated transceiver chip.

[0718] (3) Memory 2703 is used to provide storage space, which can store data such as operating systems and computer programs. Memory 2703 can be one or a combination of random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), or compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM).

[0719] The functions and actions of the modules or units in the communication device 270 listed above are only for illustrative purposes.

[0720] Each functional unit in the communication device 270 can be used to implement the aforementioned ranging method, such as the ranging method shown in Figures 13, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, or 25.

[0721] Optionally, the processor 2701 may be a processor specifically used to execute the aforementioned method (for convenience of distinction, referred to as a dedicated processor), or a processor that executes the aforementioned method by calling a computer program (for convenience of distinction, referred to as a dedicated processor). Optionally, the at least one processor may include both a dedicated processor and a general-purpose processor.

[0722] Optionally, in the case where the communication device 270 includes at least one memory 2703 , if the processor 2701 implements the aforementioned ranging method by calling a computer program, the computer program may be stored in the memory 2703 .

[0723] An embodiment of the present application further provides a chip comprising a logic circuit and a communication interface. The communication interface is configured to receive or transmit signals, and the logic circuit is configured to receive or transmit signals via the communication interface. The chip is configured to implement the aforementioned ranging methods, such as those shown in Figures 13, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, or 25.

[0724] An embodiment of the present application further provides a computer-readable storage medium, wherein the computer-readable storage medium stores instructions. When the instructions are executed on at least one processor (or communication device), the aforementioned ranging method is implemented, for example, the ranging method shown in Figures 13, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, or 25.

[0725] An embodiment of the present application also provides a computer program product, which includes computer instructions, and the computing instructions are used to implement the aforementioned ranging method, such as the ranging method shown in Figures 13, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, or 25.

[0726] The embodiment of the present application further provides a terminal, which includes the aforementioned communication device 260 and / or communication device 270.

[0727] As a possible implementation, the terminal includes a first node and / or a second node, wherein the first node includes the aforementioned communication device 260 , and the second node includes the aforementioned communication device 260 .

[0728] Among them, the terminal can be an intelligent terminal or transportation tool such as a vehicle, a drone, or a robot.

[0729] It should be noted that in the embodiments of this application, words such as "exemplary" or "for example" are used to indicate examples, illustrations, or descriptions. Any embodiment or design described in this application as "exemplary" or "for example" should not be construed as being preferred or advantageous over other embodiments or designs. Rather, the use of words such as "exemplary" or "for example" is intended to present the relevant concepts in a concrete manner.

[0730] In the embodiments of this application, "at least one" refers to one or more, and "more" refers to two or more. "At least one of the following" or similar expressions refers to any combination of these items, including any combination of single or plural items.

[0731] For example, at least one of a, b, or c can represent: a, b, c, (a and b), (a and c), (b and c), or (a and b and c), where a, b, and c can be single or plural. "And / or" describes the relationship between associated objects, indicating that three possible relationships exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A alone, A and B together, or B alone, where A and B can be singular or plural. The character " / " generally indicates that the associated objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0732] Furthermore, unless otherwise specified, ordinal numbers such as "first" and "second" in the embodiments of this application are used to distinguish multiple objects and are not used to define the order, timing, priority, or importance of multiple objects. For example, the terms "first node" and "second node" are merely used to facilitate the description of new parameters in different implementations and do not indicate differences in their execution operations, importance, structure, etc.

[0733] In the above embodiments, the term "when" can be interpreted to mean "if...", "after...", "in response to determining...", or "in response to detecting...", depending on the context. The above are merely optional embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the concepts and principles of the present application shall be included in the scope of protection of the present application.

[0734] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the steps to implement the above embodiments may be accomplished by hardware, or may be accomplished by a program to instruct the relevant hardware, and the program may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, which may be a read-only memory, a disk, or an optical disk, etc.

Claims

1. A distance measurement method, characterized in that: The method comprises: determining a first security parameter based on a plurality of input parameters, the plurality of input parameters comprising a first random value and a first communication parameter; Obtaining a second measurement sequence according to the first safety parameter and the first measurement sequence; A first safety measurement signal is sent, where the first safety measurement signal is associated with the second measurement sequence and is used for position information measurement.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The first communication parameter is related to one or more of the following information: The sequence number of a first OFDM symbol, the number of a first time unit, or the number of a first frequency unit, wherein the first OFDM symbol is used to carry the first security measurement signal, the first time unit includes the first OFDM symbol, and the first frequency unit includes a frequency resource used to transmit the first security measurement signal.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that The first time unit is included in multiple continuous time units. The signals carried by the multiple continuous time units are frequency-hopped according to a preset frequency unit number sequence during transmission. The number of the first frequency unit belongs to the preset frequency unit number sequence.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein The first communication parameter is associated with a position of a first OFDM symbol relative to a second OFDM symbol, wherein the first OFDM symbol carries the first safety measurement signal, the second OFDM symbol is used to carry a second safety measurement signal, and the first communication parameter corresponding to the second safety measurement signal is a preset value.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that The obtaining of a second measurement sequence according to the first security parameter and the first measurement sequence includes: Scrambling the first measurement sequence by using the first security parameter to obtain the second measurement sequence, or, The first security parameter and the first measurement sequence are XORed to obtain the second measurement sequence.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that Determining the first security parameter according to the multiple input parameters includes: N bit sequences are obtained according to the multiple input parameters, where the N bit sequences include the first security parameter, where N is an integer and N≥1.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that When N is greater than 1, the multiple input parameters further include a fresh parameter; and obtaining N bit sequences according to the multiple input parameters includes: The N bit sequences are obtained according to the first random value, the first communication parameter, and the fresh parameter, wherein the fresh parameter is refreshed after each bit sequence in the N bit sequences is obtained.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that The fresh parameter corresponding to the first bit sequence among the N bit sequences is a preset value, and the fresh parameter corresponding to the second bit sequence among the N bit sequences is associated with the preset value and the sequence number of the second bit sequence, wherein the second bit sequence is different from the first bit sequence.

9. The method according to any one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that When N is greater than 1, obtaining N bit sequences according to the multiple input parameters includes: Obtaining a first bit sequence among the N bit sequences according to the multiple input parameters; An Ith bit sequence is obtained according to the multiple input parameters and the I-1th bit sequence, where I is an integer and N≥I≥2.

10. The method according to any one of claims 6 to 9, characterized in that: The first safety measurement signal includes a plurality of sub-measurement signals, and the plurality of sub-measurement signals are sent by a plurality of antennas; The first measurement sequence includes a plurality of first subsequences, wherein the plurality of subsequences respectively use different parts of the first security parameter to generate a plurality of second subsequences, and the plurality of second subsequences belong to the second measurement sequence; Each sub-measurement signal corresponds to one of the multiple second sub-sequences.

11. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that The method is applied to a first node, and the method further includes: The first safety measurement signal is sent to a second node, where the first safety measurement signal is used to measure a distance between the first node and the second node.

12. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that The first random number is determined by the first node; and the method further includes: The first random number is sent to the second node.

13. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that The method further comprises: The first random number is received from the second node.

14. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that The first random number is determined by the first node, and the method further includes: The first random number is sent to a third node.

15. The method according to claim 14, characterized in that The method further comprises: A communication address of the second node is received from the third node.

16. The method according to claim 14 or 15, characterized in that The third node is a node that sends data scheduling information, and the first node is a node that receives and / or sends data based on the data scheduling information.

17. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that The first communication parameter comes from a management node, and the management node is a node that sends data scheduling information.

18. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 17, characterized in that The first measurement sequence is a pseudo-random sequence.

19. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 18, characterized in that The multiple input parameters further include indication information, where the indication information indicates at least one antenna among the multiple antennas; The first safety measurement signal is transmitted via the at least one antenna.

20. A distance measurement method, characterized in that: The method comprises: determining a first security parameter based on a plurality of input parameters, the plurality of input parameters comprising a first random value and a first communication parameter; receiving a first safety measurement signal, where the first safety measurement signal is associated with the second measurement sequence, and the first safety measurement signal is used for position information measurement; A first measurement sequence is obtained using the first safety parameter and the first safety measurement signal.

21. The method according to claim 20, characterized in that The first communication parameter is related to one or more of the following information: The sequence number of a first OFDM symbol, the number of a first time unit, or the number of a first frequency unit, wherein the first OFDM symbol is used to carry the first security measurement signal, the first time unit includes the first OFDM symbol, and the first frequency unit includes a frequency resource used to transmit the first security measurement signal.

22. The method according to claim 21, characterized in that The first time unit is included in multiple continuous time units. The signals carried by the multiple continuous time units are frequency-hopped according to a preset frequency unit number sequence during transmission. The number of the first frequency unit belongs to the preset frequency unit number sequence.

23. The method according to claim 19, wherein The first communication parameter is associated with a position of a first OFDM symbol relative to a second OFDM symbol, wherein the first OFDM symbol carries the first safety measurement signal, the second OFDM symbol is used to carry a second safety measurement signal, and the first communication parameter corresponding to the second safety measurement signal is a preset value.

24. The method according to any one of claims 20 to 23, characterized in that The obtaining of a first measurement sequence by using the first safety parameter and the first safety measurement signal includes: Descrambling the second measurement sequence using the first security parameter to obtain the first measurement sequence, or, The first security parameter and the second measurement sequence are XORed to obtain the first measurement sequence.

25. The method according to any one of claims 20 to 24, characterized in that Determining the first security parameter according to the multiple input parameters includes: N bit sequences are obtained according to the multiple input parameters, where the N bit sequences include the first security parameter, where N is an integer and N≥1.

26. The method according to claim 25, characterized in that When N is greater than 1, the multiple input parameters further include a fresh parameter; and obtaining N bit sequences according to the multiple input parameters includes: The N bit sequences are obtained according to the first random value, the first communication parameter, and the fresh parameter, wherein the fresh parameter is refreshed after each bit sequence in the N bit sequences is obtained.

27. The method according to claim 26, characterized in that The fresh parameter corresponding to the first bit sequence among the N bit sequences is a preset value, and the fresh parameter corresponding to the second bit sequence among the N bit sequences is associated with the preset value and the sequence number of the second bit sequence, wherein the second bit sequence is different from the first bit sequence.

28. The method according to any one of claims 25 to 27, characterized in that When N is greater than 1, obtaining N bit sequences according to the multiple input parameters includes: Obtaining a first bit sequence among the N bit sequences according to the multiple input parameters; An Ith bit sequence is obtained according to the multiple input parameters and the I-1th bit sequence, where I is an integer and N≥I≥2.

29. The method according to claim 25, characterized in that The first safety measurement signal includes a plurality of sub-measurement signals, wherein the plurality of sub-measurement signals are sent by a plurality of antennas of the first node and are respectively received by a plurality of antennas of the second node; The first measurement sequence includes a plurality of first subsequences, wherein the plurality of subsequences respectively use different parts of the first security parameter to generate a plurality of second subsequences, and the plurality of second subsequences belong to the second measurement sequence; Each sub-measurement signal corresponds to one of the multiple second sub-sequences.

30. The method according to any one of claims 20 to 29, characterized in that The method further comprises: A first random number is received from the first node.

31. The method according to claim 30, wherein The method further comprises: determining a first random number; The first random number is sent to the first node.

32. The method according to any one of claims 20 to 29, characterized in that The method further comprises: The first random number sent by a third node is received, where the first random number comes from the first node.

33. The method according to claim 32, characterized in that The method further comprises: The communication address of the first node is received from the third node.

34. The method according to claim 32 or 33, characterized in that The third node is a node that sends data scheduling information, and the first node is a node that receives and / or sends data based on the data scheduling information.

35. The method according to any one of claims 20 to 34, characterized in that The first communication parameter comes from a management node, and the management node is a node that sends data scheduling information.

36. The method according to any one of claims 20 to 35, characterized in that The first measurement sequence is a pseudo-random sequence.

37. The method according to any one of claims 20 to 36, characterized in that The multiple input parameters further include indication information, where the indication information indicates at least one antenna among the multiple antennas; the first safety measurement signal is transmitted through the at least one antenna.

38. A communication device, characterized in that: The communication device comprises a processing unit and a communication unit, and is used to implement the ranging method according to any one of claims 1 to 19.

39. A communication device, characterized in that: The communication device comprises an acquisition unit and a sending unit, and is used to implement the ranging method described in any one of claims 20-37.

40. A communication device, characterized in that: The communication device includes a processor; When the processor calls the computer program or instruction in the memory, the method according to any one of claims 1 to 19 is executed, or the method according to any one of claims 20 to 37 is executed.

41. A chip, characterized in that: The chip includes a processor; When the processor calls the computer program or instruction in the memory, the method according to any one of claims 1 to 19 is executed, or the method according to any one of claims 20 to 37 is executed.

42. A communication system, characterized in that The communication system comprises a first node and a second node, The first node comprises the communication device according to claim 39; The second node comprises the communication device according to claim 40.

43. The communication system according to claim 42, wherein: The communication system further includes a management node having a communication connection with the first node and the second node.

44. A terminal, characterized in that: The terminal includes the communication device according to claim 39, or the communication device according to claim 40, or the communication device according to claim 41, or the communication device according to claim 42 or 43.

45. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that The computer-readable storage medium is used to store instructions or computer programs; When the instructions or the computer program are executed, the method according to any one of claims 1 to 19 is implemented, or the method according to any one of claims 20 to 37 is implemented.

46. ​​A computer program product, characterized in that include: instructions or computer programs; When the instructions or the computer program are executed, the method according to any one of claims 1 to 19 or the method according to any one of claims 20 to 37 is implemented.

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