Automatic deviation adjustment device for conveyor belt

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of material transportation, and in particular to an automatic conveyor belt deviation adjustment device, which includes a horizontally arranged frame for supporting the conveyor belt; a pressure detection unit, including two rows of pressure detectors symmetrically arranged along the width direction of the conveyor belt; a double row of inclined conveyor rollers symmetrically mounted on the frame through supports with rotational damping and in contact with the lower surface of the conveyor belt; an adjustable support assembly, including a top block slidably arranged on the conveyor roller; and a control unit electrically connected to the pressure detection unit, including a comparison module and a signal output module; wherein, when the comparison module detects a pressure difference between the two sides of the same position of the conveyor belt, the signal output module sends a drive signal to the adjustable support assembly corresponding to the side with smaller pressure, prompting the top block to extend out of the conveyor roller surface. The present invention has the effect of solving the hysteresis problem of the deviation adjustment response mechanism of the existing deviation adjustment device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of material transportation, in particular to an automatic deviation-adjusting device for a conveyor belt. Background Art

[0002] In the field of material transportation, conveyor belts serve as a core transport medium, used in industries such as mining, ports, logistics, and manufacturing. With the advancement of industrial automation, conveyor systems are trending towards higher speeds and longer distances. However, their operational stability has long been hampered by conveyor belt misalignment. Currently, the mainstream anti-misalignment measures in the industry still rely primarily on mechanical limiters and regular manual inspections. Some high-end equipment uses photoelectric sensors or ultrasonic detectors for misalignment warnings.

[0003] Reference is made to a Chinese patent document with announcement number CN111994563B, publication date November 3, 2023, entitled A belt conveyor deviation adjustment device. Its core components include a roller assembly arranged under the roller bracket, an arc-shaped track fixed to a preset position of the conveyor, and a limit assembly for limiting the movement of the roller. When the conveyor belt deviates, the force of the conveyor belt on the roller drives the roller to move along the arc track, and the deviation is corrected by the reverse force between the roller and the conveyor belt. The device achieves passive response through a purely mechanical structure. Its deviation correction process relies on the friction between the roller and the track and the restraining effect of the limit assembly. It has the characteristics of simple structure and no need for external energy.

[0004] In existing technical solutions, the correction response lags behind the actual deviation of the conveyor belt. When the conveyor belt initially deviates due to uneven material distribution, traditional devices must wait for the deviation to accumulate to a trigger threshold before initiating correction. During this period, the conveyor belt has already undergone irreversible displacement. Furthermore, the fixed curvature of the curved track and the rigid limiter assembly ensure that the correction force and stroke are fixed, making it difficult to adapt to the dynamic changes in conveyor belt tension and material accumulation under different operating conditions. This passive response mechanism is prone to correction failure due to adjustment lag in scenarios with high speeds, heavy loads, or sudden changes in material distribution, and may even exacerbate wear on the conveyor belt edges. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides an automatic deviation adjustment device for a conveyor belt, which is mainly used to solve the problem of delayed deviation response mechanism of the existing deviation adjustment device.

[0006] The present invention provides an automatic conveyor belt deviation adjustment device that adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A conveyor belt automatic deviation adjustment device includes a horizontally arranged frame for supporting the conveyor belt, and the conveyor belt automatic deviation adjustment device also includes: a pressure detection unit, including two rows of pressure detectors symmetrically arranged along the width direction of the conveyor belt, and each row of pressure detectors is arranged at intervals along the length direction of the conveyor belt; two rows of inclined conveyor rollers are symmetrically installed on the frame through supports with rotation damping and fit with the lower surface of the conveyor belt, and each row of conveyor rollers is distributed at intervals in each row of pressure detectors along the length direction of the conveyor belt; an adjustable support assembly, which includes a top block slidably arranged on the conveyor roller; and a control unit, which is electrically connected to the pressure detection unit, including a comparison module and a signal output module; wherein, when the comparison module detects a pressure difference on both sides of the same position of the conveyor belt, the signal output module sends a drive signal to the adjustable support assembly corresponding to the side with smaller pressure, causing the top block to extend out of the conveyor roller surface.

[0008] By employing this technical solution, the pressure detection unit continuously monitors the pressure conditions on both sides of the conveyor belt at the same location. The pressure detector transmits real-time pressure data to the control unit's comparison module, which performs real-time analysis. If the comparison module detects a pressure difference outside the normal range, it immediately transmits a signal to the signal output module. Based on the direction and magnitude of the pressure difference, the signal output module sends a precise drive signal to the adjustable support assembly corresponding to the side with less pressure.

[0009] Upon receiving the drive signal, the top block slides outward on the conveyor roller, contacting and supporting the lower surface of the conveyor belt. Due to the tilted conveyor roller and the strategically placed top block, the conveyor belt deforms locally under the support of the top block, correcting any deviation. During this process, a support with rotational damping ensures the stability of the conveyor roller, making the entire correction process smooth and precise. As the conveyor belt continues to operate, the pressure detection unit continuously feeds back pressure data, and the control unit adjusts the extension of the top block in real time, achieving dynamic and continuous control of the conveyor belt's deviation and ensuring its stable operation.

[0010] Optionally, the top blocks are linearly arranged in 6-8 groups along the axial direction of the conveyor roller, the spacing between adjacent top blocks is 5-10 times the thickness of the conveyor belt, the top surface of the top block is an arc surface that matches the curvature of the outer surface of the conveyor roller, and the ratio of the curvature radius of the arc surface to the outer diameter of the conveyor roller is 0.95-1.05.

[0011] By adopting this technical solution, multiple groups of top blocks are arranged in a linear array along the conveyor roller axis, with spacing proportional to the thickness of the conveyor belt, and a curved surface design that precisely matches the curvature of the top surface and the outer surface of the conveyor roller. This creates a distributed stress compensation mechanism, effectively eliminating local stress concentrations and achieving a balanced distribution of lateral loads on the conveyor belt. Dynamic deformation compensation through the coordinated action of multiple top blocks suppresses the risk of secondary angular deviation caused by single-point top-up, ensuring the continuity and directional consistency of the conveyor belt's elastic deformation during the correction process.

[0012] Optionally, the extension axis of the top block forms an angle of 35°-55° with the axis of the conveyor roller; and the side wall of the top block close to the starting end of the conveyor belt is provided with a chamfer.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, a precise and efficient conveyor belt correction mechanism is constructed by making the extension axis of the top block and the axis of the conveyor roller form a specific angle, and setting a chamfer on the side wall of the top block near the starting end of the conveyor belt. The chamfer design on the top block causes the conveyor belt and the top block to form a surface contact form at the moment of contact, effectively dispersing the contact stress and avoiding local stress concentration from causing damage to the conveyor belt. At the same time, the specific angle setting between the top block and the conveyor roller, combined with the inclined arrangement of the conveyor roller itself, enables the top block to use the inclined force of the conveyor roller to apply a component force to the conveyor belt pointing to the center of the conveyor belt during the contact process. This ingenious mechanical structure design can correct the running trajectory of the conveyor belt in real time, effectively reduce the possibility of angular deviation of the conveyor belt, improve the stability and reliability of the conveyor belt operation, and ensure the smooth progress of the material transportation process.

[0014] Optionally, the protruding height of the top blocks in the same group increases gradually by 0.5-1.2 mm in the direction away from the central axis of the conveyor belt, the top surface of the top block forms an inclination angle of 3°-8° with the axis of the conveyor roller, and the top surfaces of the top blocks in the same group are coplanar after all protruding from the conveyor roller.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the protruding height of the same group of top blocks increases gradually in the direction away from the central axis of the conveyor belt, and the top surface forms a specific inclination angle with the axis of the conveyor roller. At the same time, it is ensured that the top surfaces of the same group of top blocks are coplanar after being extended, thus constructing a smooth and efficient conveyor belt deviation adjustment guide mechanism. This design enables the top surfaces of multiple top blocks to jointly form a continuous guide surface with a specific slope. During the operation of the conveyor belt, the guide surface forms a uniform and stable contact stress distribution with the surface of the conveyor belt. Through this uniform contact stress, a continuous and stable lateral force can be applied to the conveyor belt, effectively avoiding the phenomenon of conveyor belt jitter or sudden deviation caused by local uneven force, thereby significantly improving the smoothness and stability of the top block's conveyor belt deviation adjustment function, and ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the conveyor belt's running trajectory.

[0016] Optionally, the following relationship shall be satisfied between the inclination angle formed between the top surface of the top block and the axis of the conveying roller and the gradient increment: tanα = Δh / L; where α is the inclination angle, Δh is the gradient increment, and L is the axial length between two adjacent top blocks.

[0017] Optionally, each group of the top blocks is provided with 4 - 8. The number n of the top blocks is determined by the width W of the conveyor belt and shall meet the following requirements: when W ≤ 800 mm, n is 4 or 5; when 800 mm < W ≤ 1200 mm, n is 6 or 7; when W > 1200 mm, n is 8.

[0018] Optionally, the adjustable support assembly further includes: a hydraulic cavity axially penetrating through the conveying roller, the top block is in sealed sliding fit with the hydraulic cavity, the inner end of the top block is connected to the bottom of the hydraulic cavity through a tension spring with adjustable pre - tightening force, and the pre - tightening force range of the tension spring is 50 - 200 N; a hydraulic oil passage provided at the end of the conveying roller, the hydraulic oil passage is connected to the signal output module and can receive the hydraulic oil conveyed by the hydraulic pump station under the control of the signal output module.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, the unique structural design of the adjustable support assembly constructs an accurate and reliable driving and reset mechanism for the top block. The hydraulic cavity axially penetrating through the conveying roller provides a stable and sealed moving space for the top block, ensuring that the hydraulic oil can effectively act on the top block to achieve a smooth jacking - out action. The design of the sealed sliding fit guarantees the sealing performance of the hydraulic system, avoids hydraulic oil leakage, and improves the working efficiency and stability of the system.

[0020] The tension spring with adjustable pre - tightening force is connected to the bottom of the hydraulic cavity, endowing the top block with adjustable reset ability. Under different working conditions, the pre - tightening force of the tension spring can be adjusted according to actual requirements to provide an appropriate pulling force for the reset of the top block. The hydraulic oil passage provided at the end of the conveying roller is closely connected to the signal output module, enabling the conveying of hydraulic oil to be carried out under the precise control of the signal output module. When the top block needs to be jacked out, the signal output module precisely controls the hydraulic oil to flow into the hydraulic cavity to push the top block out smoothly; when the top block needs to be retracted, the signal output module can precisely regulate the outflow of the hydraulic oil, and the top block is smoothly retracted under the action of the pre - tightening force of the tension spring. This accurately controlled driving and reset method of the top block effectively improves the response speed and action accuracy of the conveyor belt automatic deviation - adjusting device, enhances the overall stability and reliability of the device, and provides a strong guarantee for the stable operation of the conveyor belt.

[0021] Optionally, the comparison module includes: two pressure rollers slidably arranged on both sides of the frame and located below the conveyor belt, the pressure rollers are in close contact with the lower surface of the conveyor belt; a balance beam, the middle part of which is hinged to the frame, and the two ends are respectively connected to the two pressure rollers to form an equal - arm lever structure.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, a precise pressure comparison and perception mechanism is constructed by sliding pressure rollers on both sides of the frame and tightly fitting against the lower surface of the conveyor belt, in conjunction with a balance beam hinged to the frame in the middle to form an equal-arm lever structure. Under this structural layout, when the pressure on both sides of the conveyor belt becomes unbalanced, the pressure difference will be immediately transmitted to the pressure roller, and then act on the balance beam. Due to the characteristics of the equal-arm lever structure, the balance beam will rotate based on the difference in pressure on the pressure rollers on both sides. This rotation behavior can accurately and intuitively reflect the relationship between the pressures on both sides of the conveyor belt at the same position, thereby achieving an effective judgment of the pressure magnitude. This design can not only keenly capture changes in conveyor belt pressure, but also has high stability and durability based on a simple and reliable mechanical structure, providing a basis for subsequent correction actions, and effectively ensuring that the automatic deviation adjustment device of the conveyor belt can accurately judge and effectively respond to conveyor belt deviation conditions.

[0023] Optionally, the signal output module includes: a trigger push rod symmetrically fixed at both ends of the balance beam, and the installation position of the trigger push rod is located between the two ends of the balance beam and the hinge point; two groups of micro-stroke switches, each group comprising normally open contacts and normally closed contacts arranged at intervals; a solenoid valve, whose valve body is connected to the hydraulic cavity on the other side through an oil circuit, and the control end of the solenoid valve is electrically connected to the normally open contacts and normally closed contacts of the micro-stroke switch; wherein, the trigger end of the trigger push rod is provided with a wear-resistant head, and the wear-resistant head forms a rolling fit with the contact part of the micro-stroke switch.

[0024] By employing this technical solution, a precise mechanical triggering structure is cleverly constructed by symmetrically placing trigger push rods at both ends of the balance beam and utilizing their unique mounting position between the two ends of the balance beam and the hinge point. Two sets of micro-travel switches with normally open and normally closed contacts spaced apart provide reliable assurance for accurate signal capture and transmission. The wear-resistant tip at the trigger end of the trigger push rod forms a rolling fit with the contact element of the micro-travel switch, effectively reducing contact wear and improving triggering reliability and device durability.

[0025] When a pressure difference occurs on both sides of the conveyor belt at the same position, the side with greater pressure pushes the balance beam to rotate, driving the trigger push rod to move. The trigger push rod accurately triggers the travel switch, and the normally open and normally closed contacts work together to convert mechanical action into an electrical signal, precisely controlling the solenoid valve. The solenoid valve is connected to the hydraulic chamber on the other side through an oil circuit, and the valve is opened according to the signal to achieve precise oil supply to the hydraulic chamber on the other side. This structure realizes an efficient and precise conversion from pressure difference perception to hydraulic control, ensuring rapid and stable adjustment when the conveyor belt pressure is uneven, effectively improving the response speed and control accuracy of the conveyor belt automatic deviation adjustment device, and ensuring the stable operation of the conveyor belt.

[0026] Optionally, the solenoid valve is a three-way proportional servo valve.

[0027] In summary, the present invention includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0028] 1. The pressure detection units, arranged symmetrically across the width of the conveyor belt, monitor the load distribution differences on both sides of the conveyor belt in real time. Combined with a double-row inclined conveyor roller structure with rotational damping, the control unit drives the top block of the adjustable support assembly to dynamically compensate for local belt deformation when a pressure imbalance is detected, achieving early intervention and proactive suppression of conveyor belt deviation trends.

[0029] 2. By making the extension axis of the top block form a specific angle with the axis of the conveyor roller, and setting a chamfer on the side wall of the top block close to the starting end of the conveyor belt, a precise and efficient conveyor belt correction mechanism is constructed. The chamfer design on the top block causes the conveyor belt and the top block to form a surface contact form at the moment of contact, effectively dispersing the contact stress and avoiding damage to the conveyor belt caused by local stress concentration. At the same time, the specific angle setting between the top block and the conveyor roller, combined with the inclined arrangement of the conveyor roller itself, enables the top block to use the inclined force of the conveyor roller to apply a component force to the conveyor belt pointing to the center of the conveyor belt during the contact process. This ingenious mechanical structure design can correct the running trajectory of the conveyor belt in real time, effectively reduce the possibility of angular deviation of the conveyor belt, improve the stability and reliability of the conveyor belt operation, and ensure the smooth progress of the material transportation process;

[0030] 3. By sliding pressure rollers on both sides of the frame and fitting tightly against the lower surface of the conveyor belt, and cooperating with a balance beam that is hinged to the frame in the middle and forms an equal-arm lever structure, a precise pressure comparison and perception mechanism is constructed. Under this structural layout, when the pressure on both sides of the conveyor belt becomes unbalanced, the pressure difference will be immediately transmitted to the pressure roller, and then act on the balance beam. Due to the characteristics of the equal-arm lever structure, the balance beam will rotate based on the difference in pressure on the pressure rollers on both sides. This rotation behavior can accurately and intuitively reflect the relationship between the pressures on both sides of the conveyor belt at the same position, thereby achieving an effective judgment of the pressure magnitude. This design can not only keenly capture changes in conveyor belt pressure, but also has high stability and durability based on a simple and reliable mechanical structure, providing a basis for subsequent correction actions, and effectively ensuring that the automatic deviation adjustment device of the conveyor belt can accurately judge and effectively respond to conveyor belt deviation conditions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the deviation adjustment device in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the top block in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3Schematic diagram of the structure of the tension spring in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the comparison module and the signal output module in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 5 This is a schematic structural diagram of a pressure roller and a balance beam in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a trigger push rod and a solenoid valve in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the top block and the hydraulic oil channel in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] Description of reference numerals:

[0039] 1. Pressure detection unit;

[0040] 2. Conveyor roller;

[0041] 3. Adjustable support assembly; 31. Top block; 32. Tension spring; 33. Hydraulic oil channel;

[0042] 4. Control unit; 41. Comparison module; 411. Pressure roller; 412. Balance beam; 42. Signal output module; 421. Trigger push rod; 422. Solenoid valve;

[0043] 100. Deflection adjustment device; 101. Frame; 102. Conveyor belt. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] To make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the following will be combined with the appended drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Figure 1 -Attached Figure 7 , clearly and completely describe the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0045] An embodiment of the present invention provides an automatic deviation-adjusting device for a conveyor belt.

[0046] Figure 1The structural schematic diagram when the deviation adjustment device 100 is installed on the frame 101 is shown. The frame 101 of the deviation adjustment device 100 can be set at a certain inclination angle. In this embodiment, for the convenience of description, the frame 101 is in a horizontally set state. The frame 101 adopts a box girder frame structure, and parallel double guide rails are provided on its top surface for installing the conveyor belt 102. The conveyor belt 102 is made of multi-layer composite rubber material, and a steel wire rope reinforcement layer is embedded inside it. The drive system of the conveyor belt 102 is driven by a double-end synchronous servo motor. The output shaft of the double-end synchronous servo motor is connected to the driving roller through a flange coupling, and the driving roller is installed on the frame 101 through a bearing seat with a self-tensioning function. The deviation adjustment device 100 includes a pressure detection unit 1, a conveyor roller group, an adjustable support assembly 3, and a control unit 4. The conveyor roller group includes a double-row inclined conveyor roller 2 symmetrically distributed below the conveyor belt 102. Each group of conveyor rollers 2 is connected to the frame 101 through a hinged support with rotational damping, and its axis forms an angle of 30° - 45° with the center line of the conveyor belt 102.

[0047] As an implementation manner, the pressure detection unit 1 is composed of a piezoelectric film sensor array and is embedded in the gap between the conveyor rollers 2 in two columns along the width direction of the conveyor belt 102. The surface of the sensor is covered with a polyurethane protective layer at the same time. The top block 31 of the adjustable support assembly 3 is in sliding fit with the conveyor roller 2 through a slide rail and is driven to lift by a hydraulic actuator. A pressure feedback sensor is provided at the end of the piston rod of the hydraulic actuator. The control unit 4 integrates a CAN bus communication module, receives pressure data in real time, and generates a PWM control signal to drive the hydraulic proportional valve. During the operation of the conveyor belt 102, when the pressure detection unit 1 recognizes a lateral pressure difference, the control unit 4 dynamically adjusts the extension amount of the top block 31, makes the top block 31 corresponding to the side with smaller pressure extend, and forms a progressive deformation compensation. At the same time, the damping characteristics of the inclined conveyor roller 2 suppress the vibration transmission, ensuring the smoothness and stability of the deviation correction action.

[0048] Refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 , the top blocks 31 are linearly arranged in 6 - 8 groups along the axial direction of the conveyor roller 2. The distance between adjacent top blocks 31 is 5 - 10 times the thickness of the conveyor belt 102. The jacking surface of the top block 31 is an arc surface matching the outer surface curvature of the conveyor roller 2, and the ratio of the curvature radius of the arc surface to the outer diameter of the conveyor roller 2 is 0.95 - 1.05. Among them, 4 - 8 top blocks 31 are provided in each group, and the specific number of settings is determined by the width W of the conveyor belt 102 and meets the following requirements:

[0049] When W ≤ 800mm, n is 4 or 5;

[0050] When 800mm < W ≤ 1200mm, n is 6 or 7;

[0051] When W > 1200mm, n is 8.

[0052] By linearly arranging the top blocks 31 in a specific number along the axial direction of the conveyor roller 2, and reasonably setting the spacing between adjacent top blocks 31, and making the top surface of the top block 31 an arc surface that matches the curvature of the outer surface of the conveyor roller 2, more uniform and effective support for the conveyor belt 102 is achieved. The layout of multiple groups of top blocks 31 effectively disperses the force acting on the conveyor belt 102, avoids local pressure concentration, and ensures that the conveyor belt 102 is evenly stressed when passing through this area. This uniform support force can accurately counteract the imbalance of force on the conveyor belt 102 caused by factors such as uneven material distribution, significantly reducing the probability of angular deviation of the conveyor belt 102, improving the stability and reliability of the conveyor belt 102 operation, and ensuring the smooth progress of the material transportation process.

[0053] The extended axis of the top block 31 forms an angle of 35°-55° with the axis of the conveyor roller 2, and the side wall of the top block 31 near the starting end of the conveyor belt 102 is provided with a chamfer. The synergistic effect of the chamfered geometric parameters and the axis angle causes the conveyor belt 102 to form a progressive surface contact along the chamfered slope when contacting the top block 31, guiding the direction of the contact stress distribution to deflect toward the center area of ​​the conveyor belt 102. The initial contact at the chamfered part generates a controllable lateral component of force, and the damping support effect of the inclined conveyor roller 2 converts the local deformation into a precisely directional corrective torque. While suppressing the lateral fluctuation of the conveyor belt 102, it optimizes the contact stress gradient distribution, avoids the risk of edge tearing caused by sudden stress changes, and ensures the coordination of elastic deformation and directional stability during the correction process. At the same time, the possibility of lateral displacement of the conveyor belt 102 is reduced.

[0054] The extension height of the top blocks 31 in the same group increases in a gradient of 0.5-1.2 mm away from the central axis of the conveyor belt 102. The top surfaces of the top blocks 31 form an inclination angle of 3°-8° with the axis of the conveyor roller 2. After all top surfaces of the top blocks 31 in the same group extend beyond the conveyor roller 2, they become coplanar. It should be noted that the inclination angle formed between the top surfaces of the top blocks 31 and the axis of the conveyor roller 2 and the gradient increment must satisfy the following relationship: tanα = Δh / L; where α is the inclination angle, Δh is the gradient increment, and L is the axial length between two adjacent top blocks 31.

[0055] The height of the top blocks 31 of the same group increases gradually in the direction away from the central axis of the conveyor belt 102, and the top surface forms a specific inclination angle with the axis of the conveyor roller 2. At the same time, it is ensured that the top surfaces of the top blocks 31 of the same group are coplanar after being extended, thus constructing a smooth and efficient conveyor belt deviation guide mechanism. This design enables the top surfaces of multiple top blocks 31 to jointly form a continuous guide surface with a specific slope. During the operation of the conveyor belt 102, the guide surface and the surface of the conveyor belt 102 form a uniform and stable contact stress distribution. Through this uniform contact stress, a continuous and stable lateral force can be applied to the conveyor belt 102, effectively avoiding the vibration or sudden deviation of the conveyor belt 102 caused by local uneven force, thereby significantly improving the smoothness and stability of the conveyor belt 102 deviation adjustment function of the top blocks 31, and ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the running trajectory of the conveyor belt 102.

[0056] Reference Figures 4 to 7 As another embodiment, the top block 31 can be driven by a mechanical linkage mechanism, and the functions of the control unit 4 can also be realized by a mechanical structure, thereby omitting some electronic control modules and making the operation process of the equipment more stable. Next, the specific setting form of the top block 31, its driving method and the mechanical control form of the control unit 4 are described in detail.

[0057] Specifically, the control unit 4 also includes a comparison module 41 and a signal output module 42. When the comparison module 41 detects a pressure difference on both sides of the same position of the conveyor belt 102, the signal output module 42 sends a drive signal to the adjustable support assembly 3 corresponding to the side with smaller pressure, prompting the top block 31 to extend out of the surface of the conveyor roller 2.

[0058] The adjustable support assembly 3 includes an axially through hydraulic cavity and an integrated hydraulic oil channel 33. The top block 31 is connected to the hydraulic cavity in a sealed manner. The inner end of the top block 31 can be fixed to the base of the hydraulic cavity by a preload-adjustable tension spring 32. The tension spring 32 can also be installed between the two opposite top blocks 31 on the conveyor roller 2 (refer to Figure 3 The tension spring has a preload range of 50-200N. Hydraulic oil channel 33 receives hydraulic oil from the hydraulic pump station under the control of signal output module 42. The sealing interface of the hydraulic chamber utilizes a redundant sealing structure, comprising a primary sealing ring and a dynamic compensating sealing assembly, to ensure stable pressure transmission. The specific implementation of the seal is well known to those skilled in the art and will not be detailed here.

[0059] The tension spring 32 in this embodiment can also be in the form of a fixed preload (that is, the tension spring 32 does not need to be replaced). As an implementation method of the tension spring 32 with adjustable preload, when the preload of the tension spring 32 needs to be adjusted, the tension spring 32 can be directly replaced, or a threaded adjustment rod can be provided at the base of the hydraulic chamber, and the end of the adjustment rod is connected to the fixed end of the tension spring 32 by a ball joint. By rotating the adjustment rod, the effective working length of the tension spring 32 is changed, thereby linearly adjusting the preload.

[0060] When ejector block 31 is ejected, hydraulic fluid is injected into the hydraulic chamber, driving it to overcome the spring preload and produce a linear displacement output, creating an elastic contact-type deformation intervention. When ejector block 31 is retracted, the hydraulic chamber is depressurized, hydraulic fluid flows out, and the elastic return properties of the tension spring drive ejector block 31 back.

[0061] The comparison module 41 comprises symmetrically arranged pressure rollers 411 and a balance beam 412. The two pressure rollers 411 are vertically slidably mounted on either side of the frame 101 via low-friction guide rails. The roller surfaces of the pressure rollers 411 form a dynamic contact interface with the lower surface of the conveyor belt 102. The balance beam 412 is hinged to the frame 101 at its center via a high-precision slewing bearing. Its ends are connected to the pressure roller 411 brackets on either side via a rigid linkage, forming a strict equal-arm lever constraint. To further maintain the stability of the balance beam 412, at least one set of return springs is positioned between the balance beam 412 and the frame 101. Each set of return springs is symmetrically distributed about the hinge point of the balance beam 412.

[0062] This mechanical detection mechanism utilizes the principle of proportional force transmission to directly convert differences in lateral pressure distribution on the conveyor belt 102 into angular displacement of the balance beam 412. When pressure on one side of the conveyor belt 102 increases abnormally, the vertical load on the pressure roller 411 on the corresponding side is transmitted via a rigid connecting rod, driving the balance beam 412 to produce a measurable deflection about its hinge center. The symmetrical moment arm structure of the balance beam 412 ensures geometric uniformity between the detection datums on both sides. Its self-stabilizing properties automatically compensate for dynamic tension fluctuations during conveyor belt 102 operation. Through mechanical amplification, minute pressure differences are converted into visible displacement, providing a reliable mechanical basis for triggering deviation correction.

[0063] The signal output module 42 includes a trigger push rod 421 symmetrically fixed at both ends of the balance beam 412, a micro-stroke switch with a split contact layout, and a cross-controlled solenoid valve 422. The installation positioning point of the trigger push rod 421 is located in the equal-ratio force arm interval between the end of the balance beam 412 and the hinged fulcrum, and a hard alloy wear-resistant head is configured at the end of the trigger push rod 421. Two groups of micro-stroke switches are provided, and each group of micro-stroke switches includes normally open contacts and normally closed contacts arranged at intervals, and the wear-resistant heads form a rolling fit with the contact parts of the micro-stroke switches. The solenoid valve 422 is connected to the hydraulic actuator unit on the corresponding side through a high-pressure oil circuit. As one of the implementation methods of the solenoid valve 422, the solenoid valve 422 in the present invention can be a three-way proportional servo valve or an electro-hydraulic proportional flow valve.

[0064] When the pressure differential deflects balance beam 412, it triggers linear movement of push rod 421, which in turn triggers the switching of the micro-travel switch contacts. The switching logic of solenoid valve 422 controls the directional distribution of hydraulic fluid. This design, through dual contacts, automatically switches signal paths, ensuring the timing accuracy of correction commands and the system's fault tolerance, achieving high-fidelity conversion from mechanical trigger signals to hydraulic action.

[0065] The implementation principle of an automatic conveyor belt deviation adjustment device according to an embodiment of the present invention is as follows: the deviation adjustment device 100 monitors the lateral pressure distribution of the conveyor belt 102 in real time through symmetrically arranged inclined conveyor rollers 2 and a pressure detection unit 1. When a pressure differential is caused by material overloading, the control unit 4 drives the top block 31 of the adjustable support assembly 3 to extend along the axial gradient of the conveyor roller 2. The top block 31 adopts a curved surface design with a specific inclination angle and curvature matching. Combined with the progressive lifting of the hydraulic actuator, a continuous guided stress field is formed on the contact surface of the conveyor belt 102. A mechanical detection mechanism converts the pressure differential into angular displacement using a balance beam 412, triggering a microswitch to switch the hydraulic circuit, achieving precise compensation adjustment of the top block 31 on the side with less pressure.

[0066] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "vertical", "horizontal", etc. indicating orientations or positional relationships are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

Claims

1. A conveyor belt automatic deviation adjustment device, comprising a horizontally arranged frame for supporting the conveyor belt, characterized in that: The automatic belt deviation adjusting device further includes: A pressure detection unit, including two columns of pressure detectors symmetrically arranged along the width direction of the conveyor belt, and each column of pressure detectors is arranged at intervals along the length direction of the conveyor belt; A double-column inclined conveyor roller, symmetrically installed on the frame through a support with rotational damping, and is in contact with the lower surface of the conveyor belt, and each column of conveyor rollers is distributed at intervals along the length direction of the conveyor belt between each column of pressure detectors; An adjustable support assembly, which includes a top block slidably arranged on the conveyor roller, and the top blocks are linearly arranged in 6-8 groups along the axial direction of the conveyor roller, and the distance between adjacent top blocks is 5-10 times the thickness of the conveyor belt; the extension axis of the top block forms an angle of 35°-55° with the axis of the conveyor roller, and a chamfer is provided on the side wall of the top block close to the starting end of the conveyor belt, and the jacking surface of the top block is an arc surface matching the curvature of the outer surface of the conveyor roller; the protruding height of the same group of top blocks increases in a gradient of 0.5-1.2 mm along the direction away from the central axis of the conveyor belt, and the top surface of the top block forms an inclination angle of 3°-8° with the axis of the conveyor roller, and the top surfaces of the same group of top blocks are coplanar after all protruding from the conveyor roller; and a hydraulic cavity is provided through the conveyor roller axially, the top block is in sealed sliding fit with the hydraulic cavity, and the inner end of the top block is connected to the bottom of the hydraulic cavity through a tension spring with adjustable pre-tightening force; A control unit, electrically connected to the pressure detection unit, including a comparison module and a signal output module; The comparison module includes: two pressure rollers slidably arranged on both sides of the frame and located below the conveyor belt, and the roller surfaces of the pressure rollers form a dynamic contact interface with the lower surface of the conveyor belt, and the pressure rollers are in close contact with the lower surface of the conveyor belt; a balance beam, the middle of which is hinged on the frame, and both ends are respectively connected to the two pressure rollers to form an equal-arm lever structure; at least one group of return springs is provided between the balance beam and the frame, and each group of return springs is symmetrically distributed about the hinge point of the balance beam; The signal output module includes: trigger push rods symmetrically fixed at both ends of the balance beam, and the installation positions of the trigger push rods are between both ends of the balance beam and the hinge point; two groups of microswitch travel switches, each group including a normally open contact and a normally closed contact arranged at intervals; a solenoid valve, the valve body of which is communicated with the hydraulic cavity on the other side through an oil circuit, and the control end of the solenoid valve is electrically connected to the normally open contact and the normally closed contact of the microswitch travel switch; When the comparison module detects a pressure difference on both sides of the same position of the conveyor belt, the signal output module sends a driving signal to the adjustable support assembly corresponding to the side with smaller pressure, so as to prompt the top block to protrude from the surface of the conveyor roller.

2. The automatic deviation adjustment device for conveyor belt according to claim 1, characterized in that: The following relationship needs to be satisfied between the inclination angle formed between the top surface of the top block and the axis of the conveyor roller and the gradient increment: tanα = Δh / L; Where, α is the inclination angle, Δh is the gradient increment, and L is the axial length between adjacent two top blocks.

3. The automatic deviation adjustment device for conveyor belt according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each group of the top blocks is provided with 4-8, and the number n of the top blocks is determined by the width W of the conveyor belt and satisfies the following requirements: When W ≤ 800 mm, n is 4 or 5; When 800 mm < W ≤ 1200 mm, n is 6 or 7; When W > 1200 mm, n is 8.

4. The automatic deviation adjustment device for conveyor belt according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pre-tightening force range of the tension spring is 50-200 N; A hydraulic oil channel is provided at the end of the conveying roller, and the hydraulic oil channel is connected to the signal output module and can receive the hydraulic oil delivered by the hydraulic pump station under the control of the signal output module.

5. The automatic deviation adjustment device for conveyor belt according to claim 4, characterized in that: The trigger end of the trigger push rod is provided with a wear-resistant head, and the wear-resistant head forms a rolling fit with the contact component of the micro travel switch.

6. The automatic deviation adjustment device for conveyor belt according to claim 5, characterized in that: The solenoid valve is a three-way proportional servo valve.

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