Coal mine tunnel ventilation and dust reduction device

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of coal mine tunnel ventilation and dust reduction technology, and specifically discloses a coal mine tunnel ventilation and dust reduction device, comprising a support frame, a ventilation and dust reduction pipe, a self-cleaning dust filter device, and a centrifugal water film crushing dust reduction device. The ventilation and dust reduction pipe is mounted on the support frame, the centrifugal water film crushing dust reduction device is mounted in the ventilation and dust reduction pipe, and the self-cleaning dust filter device is connected to the centrifugal water film crushing dust reduction device. The present invention provides a coal mine tunnel ventilation and dust reduction device that has multiple mechanisms for coordinated and efficient dust reduction, generates a uniform and fine water mist to enhance dust reduction effects, prevents dust filter clogging to ensure equipment operation, accelerates clean air discharge, reduces dust hazards, improves the working environment, and enhances production safety.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of ventilation and dust reduction in coal mine tunnels, and in particular relates to a ventilation and dust reduction device for coal mine tunnels. Background Art

[0002] During coal mining operations, large amounts of dust are generated in the tunnels. This dust primarily originates from processes such as coal cutting, loading, and transporting by shearers, and drilling by anchor drills. This dust not only poses a serious health risk to workers, such as causing respiratory illnesses like pneumoconiosis, but also impacts coal mine safety. High dust concentrations can reduce visibility in the tunnels, obstructing workers' vision, increasing the risk of equipment errors, and potentially leading to safety incidents such as explosions. Therefore, effectively reducing dust concentrations in coal mine tunnels is extremely important.

[0003] The traditional method of water sprinkling to suppress dust is to spray water mist into the tunnel through a nozzle to suppress dust. However, the water mist in this way is unevenly distributed and can often only suppress dust in local areas. In addition, the capture effect is poor for some dust particles with smaller particle sizes. In addition, water sprinkling to suppress dust may cause water accumulation in the tunnel, affecting the normal passage of the tunnel and the normal operation of the equipment. It may also increase the humidity in the tunnel and cause certain corrosion to the tunnel support structure. In addition, simple ventilation dust suppression mainly relies on ventilation equipment to discharge dust-containing air out of the tunnel. However, while this method discharges dust, it may also spread a large amount of untreated dust to other areas, and for dust particles with larger particle sizes, they are prone to deposit inside the ventilation equipment, affecting the performance and service life of the ventilation equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above situation, in order to overcome the defects of the existing technology, the present invention provides a coal mine tunnel ventilation and dust reduction device with multiple mechanisms that work together to effectively reduce dust, generate uniform and fine water mist to enhance the dust reduction effect, prevent dust filter clogging to ensure equipment operation, accelerate the discharge of clean air, reduce dust hazards, improve the working environment and enhance production safety.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: The present invention provides a coal mine tunnel ventilation and dust reduction device, including a support frame, a ventilation and dust reduction pipe, a self-cleaning dust filter device and a centrifugal water film crushing dust reduction device, the ventilation and dust reduction pipe is arranged on the support frame, the centrifugal water film crushing dust reduction device is arranged in the ventilation and dust reduction pipe, and the self-cleaning dust filter device is connected to the centrifugal water film crushing dust reduction device; the centrifugal water film crushing dust reduction device includes a multi-stage transmission assembly, an induced draft fan blade, a centrifugal water film crushing atomization component and a guide-type dust reduction collection component, the multi-stage transmission assembly is arranged on the ventilation and dust reduction pipe, the induced draft fan blade is arranged on the multi-stage transmission assembly, the centrifugal water film crushing atomization component is arranged in the ventilation and dust reduction pipe, the centrifugal water film crushing atomization component is connected to the multi-stage transmission assembly, and the guide-type dust reduction collection component is arranged on the ventilation and dust reduction pipe.

[0006] Furthermore, the centrifugal water film crushing atomization component includes a rotating shaft, a centrifugal crushing cylinder and a water supply component. The rotating shaft is rotatably arranged on a multi-stage transmission assembly, and the centrifugal crushing cylinder is sleeved on the rotating shaft. The water supply component includes a water tank, a uniform water distribution ring cavity, a transmission pipe and a water pump. The water tank is arranged on a support frame, and the uniform water distribution ring cavity is sleeved on the outside of the rotating shaft. The uniform water distribution ring cavity is not completely arranged in the centrifugal crushing cylinder. The uniform water distribution ring cavity is sealed at the intersection with the centrifugal crushing cylinder. Water supply holes are provided on the circumferential side wall of the uniform water distribution ring cavity in the centrifugal crushing cylinder. The water supply holes are arranged in a ring array. The water pump is arranged on the water tank. One end of the transmission pipe passes through the ventilation and dust reduction pipe and is connected to the uniform water distribution ring cavity, and the other end of the transmission pipe is connected to the water pump.

[0007] Preferably, a centrifugal water outlet hole is provided on the outer circumferential wall of the centrifugal crushing cylinder, and a drainage type water film crushing tooth plate is provided at the centrifugal water outlet hole. The water in the centrifugal crushing cylinder flows out from the centrifugal water outlet hole through rotation and flows to the drainage type water film crushing tooth plate for rotational crushing, forming water mist, which is mixed and settled with the dust in the coal mine tunnel.

[0008] Furthermore, the drainage type water film crushing tooth plate is arranged in an arc shape, and crushing teeth are provided at one end of the drainage type water film crushing tooth plate away from the centrifugal crushing cylinder.

[0009] Among them, the guide-type dust collection component includes a dust collection tube and a guide groove. The dust collection tube passes through the ventilation dust collection pipe and is arranged on the support frame. The guide groove is arranged on the inner wall of the ventilation dust collection pipe. The guide groove can guide the particulate matter after atomized dust collection to the dust collection tube.

[0010] Furthermore, the multi-stage transmission assembly includes a driving gear disc, a transmission gear disc, a fixed frame, a transmission shaft, a planetary transmission member and a motor, the driving gear disc is rotatably arranged on the ventilation and dust reduction pipe, the fixed frame is arranged on the inner wall of the ventilation and dust reduction pipe, the transmission shaft is rotatably arranged on the fixed frame, the transmission gear disc is sleeved and fixed on the transmission shaft, the driving gear disc is meshed and connected with the transmission gear disc, the planetary transmission member is arranged on the transmission shaft, the motor is arranged on the ventilation and dust reduction pipe, the output end of the motor is connected to the driving gear disc, and the induced fan blades are connected to the transmission shaft.

[0011] As a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the planetary transmission member includes a support rod, an outer gear ring, a planetary gear, a planetary bracket and a speed increasing wheel, the support rod is arranged on the outer circumferential wall of the transmission shaft, the outer gear ring is arranged on the support rod, the planetary bracket is sleeved and fixed on the fixed frame, the planetary gear is rotatably arranged on the planetary bracket, the planetary gear is meshed and connected with the outer gear ring, the speed increasing wheel is arranged at the end of the rotating shaft, and the speed increasing wheel is meshed and connected with the planetary gear.

[0012] Among them, the self-cleaning dust filtering device includes a connecting shaft, a cleaning ring plate, a cleaning brush and a dust filter net. The connecting shaft is connected to the driving gear disc, the cleaning ring plate is connected to the connecting shaft, the cleaning brush is arranged on the cleaning ring plate, and the dust filter net is arranged at the opening of the ventilation and dust reduction pipe. The cleaning brush can periodically clean the dust filter net to effectively prevent the dust filter net from being blocked.

[0013] Furthermore, the ventilation dust reduction pipe includes an air inlet pipe, a collision dust reduction collection pipe and a clean air acceleration exhaust pipe. The air inlet pipe is arranged on a support frame, the collision dust reduction collection pipe is sealed and connected to the air inlet pipe, and the clean air acceleration exhaust pipe is arranged on a support frame, the clean air acceleration exhaust pipe is connected to the collision dust reduction collection pipe, and the clean air acceleration exhaust pipe is a pipe type with wide ends and narrow middle. The gas is accelerated when passing through the narrow middle area of ​​the clean air acceleration exhaust pipe and can be discharged quickly, further enhancing the dust reduction efficiency.

[0014] The beneficial effects achieved by the present invention using the above structure are as follows:

[0015] (1) Multi-mechanism synergistic dust reduction: The present invention uses multiple dust reduction mechanisms to work together. First, the dust filter intercepts large particles and removes some coarse dust particles in the air. Then, the water mist generated by the high-speed rotation of the centrifugal crushing drum collides and mixes with the dust. This combination of mechanical and water mist can effectively capture dust of different particle sizes, including small dust particles that are difficult to handle with traditional dust reduction methods, greatly improving the overall efficiency of dust reduction.

[0016] (2) Enhanced dust reduction effect of water mist: The high-speed rotation of the centrifugal crushing drum enables water to flow out evenly along the centrifugal water outlet and be crushed at high speed by the crushing teeth to form water mist. The water mist generated in this way is more uniform and dense. Compared with the traditional water spraying dust reduction method, it can better fully contact with the dust, increase the probability of dust and water mist collision, and thus improve the dust reduction effect;

[0017] (3) Prevent dust filter from clogging: The cleaning ring plate and cleaning brush can clean the particles adhering to the dust filter during the operation of the equipment. This design effectively prevents the clogging of the dust filter, ensures the normal ventilation function of the ventilation dust removal pipe, avoids the problems of poor ventilation and reduced dust removal efficiency caused by the clogging of the dust filter, reduces the frequency of equipment maintenance, and improves the reliability and service life of the equipment;

[0018] (4) Optimize air exhaust: The air after dust reduction treatment is quickly discharged through the clean air accelerated exhaust pipe. This design can not only discharge the dust-reduced air out of the tunnel in time, avoiding the secondary pollution caused by the retention of dust-reduced air in the equipment, but also further enhance the dust reduction efficiency by accelerating the exhaust, making the entire dust reduction process more efficient and smoother.

[0019] (5) Reduce dust hazards: Highly efficient dust suppression can significantly reduce the dust concentration in coal mine tunnels, which is crucial for improving the working environment of workers. Reducing dust concentration can effectively reduce the risk of workers suffering from respiratory diseases such as pneumoconiosis and protect the health of workers.

[0020] (6) Improve production safety: As the dust concentration decreases, the visibility in the tunnel is improved, reducing safety hazards such as equipment operation errors caused by dust blocking the line of sight. At the same time, reducing the dust concentration also reduces the possibility of safety accidents such as dust explosions, which is beneficial to the safe production of coal mines. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a coal mine tunnel ventilation and dust reduction device proposed by the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a left view of a coal mine tunnel ventilation and dust reduction device proposed by the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a front view of a coal mine tunnel ventilation and dust reduction device proposed by the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a top view of a coal mine tunnel ventilation and dust reduction device proposed by the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5This is a bottom view of a coal mine tunnel ventilation and dust reduction device proposed by the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of a coal mine tunnel ventilation and dust reduction device proposed by the present invention;

[0027] Figure 7 It is a structural diagram of the water supply component;

[0028] Figure 8 It is a structural diagram of the centrifugal crushing cylinder;

[0029] Figure 9 It is a structural diagram of a multi-stage transmission assembly;

[0030] Figure 10 It is a structural diagram of a self-cleaning dust filter device;

[0031] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the collision dust collection pipe;

[0032] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the clean air acceleration exhaust pipe.

[0033] Among them, 1. Support frame, 2. Ventilation dust suppression pipe, 3. Self-cleaning dust filter device, 4. Centrifugal water film crushing dust suppression device, 5. Multi-stage transmission assembly, 6. Induced fan blades, 7. Centrifugal water film crushing atomization parts, 8. Diversion type dust collection parts, 9. Rotating shaft, 10. Centrifugal crushing cylinder, 11. Water supply parts, 12. Centrifugal water outlet, 13. Diversion type water film crushing tooth plate, 14. Crushing teeth, 15. Water tank, 16. Uniform water distribution ring cavity, 17. Transmission pipe, 18. Water pump, 19. Water supply hole, 20. Dust collection cylinder, 21. Diversion groove, 22. Driving gear disc, 23. Transmission gear disc, 24. Fixed frame, 25. Transmission shaft, 26. Planetary transmission part, 27. Motor, 28. Support rod, 29. Outer gear ring, 30. Planetary gear, 31. Planetary bracket, 32. Speed ​​increase wheel, 33. Connecting shaft, 34. Cleaning ring plate, 35. Cleaning brush, 36. Dust filter, 37. Air inlet pipe, 38. Collision dust collection pipe, 39. Clean air acceleration discharge pipe.

[0034] The accompanying drawings are used to provide further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. They are used to explain the present invention together with the embodiments of the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments; based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that terms such as "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inside" and "outside" indicating directions or positional relationships are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, they should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0037] like Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 4 、 Figure 5 、 Figure 6 As shown, the present invention provides a ventilation and dust reduction device for a coal mine tunnel, comprising a support frame 1, a ventilation and dust reduction pipe 2, a self-cleaning dust filter device 3 and a centrifugal water film crushing dust reduction device 4. The ventilation and dust reduction pipe 2 is arranged on the support frame 1, the centrifugal water film crushing dust reduction device 4 is arranged in the ventilation and dust reduction pipe 2, and the self-cleaning dust filter device 3 is connected to the centrifugal water film crushing dust reduction device 4.

[0038] like Figure 1 、 Figure 6 、 Figure 9 As shown, the multi-stage transmission assembly 5 includes a driving gear disc 22, a transmission gear disc 23, a fixing frame 24, a transmission shaft 25, a planetary transmission member 26 and a motor 27. The driving gear disc 22 is rotatably arranged on the ventilation and dust reduction pipe 2, the fixing frame 24 is arranged on the inner wall of the ventilation and dust reduction pipe 2, the transmission shaft 25 is rotatably arranged on the fixing frame 24, the transmission gear disc 23 is sleeved and fixed on the transmission shaft 25, the driving gear disc 22 is meshed with the transmission gear disc 23, the planetary transmission member 26 is arranged on the transmission shaft 25, the motor 27 is arranged on the ventilation and dust reduction pipe 2, and the output end of the motor 27 is connected to the output end of the motor 27. The driving gear disc 22 is connected, and the induced fan blades 6 are connected to the transmission shaft 25; the planetary transmission member 26 includes a support rod 28, an outer gear ring 29, a planetary gear 30, a planetary bracket 31 and a speed increasing wheel 32. The support rod 28 is arranged on the outer circumferential wall of the transmission shaft 25, the outer gear ring 29 is arranged on the support rod 28, the planetary bracket 31 is sleeved and fixed on the fixed frame 24, the planetary gear 30 is rotatably arranged on the planetary bracket 31, the planetary gear 30 is meshed with the outer gear ring 29, and the speed increasing wheel 32 is arranged at the end of the rotating shaft 9, and the speed increasing wheel 32 is meshed with the planetary gear 30.

[0039] like Figure 1 、 Figure 6 、 Figure 7 、 Figure 8 、 Figure 11 As shown, the centrifugal water film crushing dust reduction device 4 includes a multi-stage transmission component 5, an induced draft fan blade 6, a centrifugal water film crushing atomization component 7 and a guide dust reduction collection component 8. The multi-stage transmission component 5 is arranged on the ventilation dust reduction pipe 2, the induced draft fan blade 6 is arranged on the multi-stage transmission component 5, the centrifugal water film crushing atomization component 7 is arranged in the ventilation dust reduction pipe 2, the centrifugal water film crushing atomization component 7 is connected to the multi-stage transmission component 5, and the guide dust reduction collection component 8 is arranged on the ventilation dust reduction pipe 2; the centrifugal water film crushing atomization component 7 includes a rotating shaft 9, a centrifugal crushing cylinder 10 and The water supply part 11, the rotating shaft 9 is rotatably arranged on the multi-stage transmission assembly 5, the centrifugal crushing cylinder 10 is sleeved on the rotating shaft 9, the water supply part 11 includes a water tank 15, a uniform water distribution annular cavity 16, a transmission pipe 17 and a water pump 18, the water tank 15 is arranged on the support frame 1, the uniform water distribution annular cavity 16 is sleeved on the outside of the rotating shaft 9, the uniform water distribution annular cavity 16 is not completely arranged in the centrifugal crushing cylinder 10, the uniform water distribution annular cavity 16 and the centrifugal crushing cylinder 10 are sealed at the intersection, and the uniform water distribution annular cavity 16 circumference of the centrifugal crushing cylinder 10 is formed. A water supply hole 19 is provided on the side wall, and the water supply holes 19 are arranged in a ring array. A water pump 18 is provided on the water tank 15. One end of the transmission pipe 17 passes through the ventilation and dust suppression pipe 2 and is connected to the uniform water distribution ring cavity 16. The other end of the transmission pipe 17 is connected to the water pump 18. A centrifugal water outlet hole 12 is provided on the outer circumferential wall of the centrifugal crushing cylinder 10. A drainage type water film crushing tooth plate 13 is provided at the centrifugal water outlet hole 12. The water in the centrifugal crushing cylinder 10 flows out from the centrifugal water outlet hole 12 through rotation and flows to the drainage type water film crushing tooth plate 13 for rotation. The centrifugal crushing cylinder 10 is provided with a crushing tooth 14 at one end thereof; the guide dust collection element 8 includes a dust collection cylinder 20 and a guide groove 21. The dust collection cylinder 20 passes through the ventilation dust reduction pipe 2 and is arranged on the support frame 1. The guide groove 21 is arranged on the inner wall of the ventilation dust reduction pipe 2. The guide groove 21 can guide the particulate matter after the atomized dust reduction to the dust collection cylinder 20.

[0040] like Figure 1 、 Figure 11 、 Figure 12 As shown, the ventilation dust reduction pipe 2 includes an air inlet pipe 37, a collision dust reduction collection pipe 38 and a clean air acceleration exhaust pipe 39. The air inlet pipe 37 is arranged on the support frame 1, and the collision dust reduction collection pipe 38 is sealed and connected to the air inlet pipe 37. The clean air acceleration exhaust pipe 39 is arranged on the support frame 1. The clean air acceleration exhaust pipe 39 is connected to the collision dust reduction collection pipe 38. The clean air acceleration exhaust pipe 39 is a pipe type with wide ends and narrow middle. The gas is accelerated when passing through the middle narrow area of ​​the clean air acceleration exhaust pipe 39 and can be discharged quickly, further enhancing the dust reduction efficiency.

[0041] like Figure 1 、 Figure 9 、 Figure 10 As shown, the self-cleaning dust filtering device 3 includes a connecting shaft 33, a cleaning ring plate 34, a cleaning brush 35 and a dust filter 36. The connecting shaft 33 is connected to the driving gear disc 22, the cleaning ring plate 34 is connected to the connecting shaft 33, the cleaning brush 35 is arranged on the cleaning ring plate 34, and the dust filter 36 is arranged at the opening of the ventilation dust reduction pipe 2. The cleaning brush 35 can periodically clean the dust filter 36 to effectively prevent the dust filter 36 from being blocked.

[0042] During specific use, the motor 27 is started, and the rotation of the motor 27 drives the driving gear disc 22 to rotate, and the rotation of the driving gear disc 22 drives the transmission gear disc 23 to rotate, and the rotation of the transmission gear disc 23 drives the transmission shaft 25 to rotate, and the rotation of the transmission shaft 25 drives the induced fan blades 6 to rotate, and the induced fan blades 6 rotate to introduce polluted air into the ventilation dust reduction pipe 2, and large particles in the air are intercepted by the dust filter 36. At the same time, the rotation of the transmission shaft 25 drives the support rod 28 to rotate, and the rotation of the support rod 28 drives the planetary gear 30 to rotate, and the rotation of the planetary gear 30 drives the speed increaser 32 to rotate, and the rotation of the speed increaser 32 drives the rotating shaft 9 to rotate, and the rotation of the rotating shaft 9 drives the centrifugal crushing drum 10 to accelerate the rotation, and at the same time, the water pump 18 is started, and the water pump 18 transmits the water in the water tank 15 to the transmission pipe 17, and the water is transmitted to the uniform water distribution annular cavity 16 through the transmission pipe 17, and the water supply in the uniform water distribution annular cavity 16 is The holes 19 flow evenly to the inner wall of the centrifugal crushing drum 10. Due to the high-speed rotation of the centrifugal crushing drum 10, water can flow out evenly along the centrifugal water outlet holes 12 and flow to the drainage type water film crushing tooth plate 13. It is crushed at high speed by the crushing teeth 14 to form water mist, which collides and mixes with the dust in the coal mine tunnel and falls into the dust collection barrel 20 along the guide groove 21. The air after dust reduction treatment is quickly discharged through the clean air acceleration exhaust pipe 39, further enhancing the dust reduction efficiency. The toothed disc 22 is driven to rotate and the connecting shaft 33 is driven to rotate at the same time. The rotation of the connecting shaft 33 drives the cleaning ring plate 34 to rotate. The rotation of the cleaning ring plate 34 drives the cleaning brush 35 to rotate. The rotation of the cleaning brush 35 can clean the particulate matter adhered to the dust filter 36, effectively preventing the dust filter 36 from being blocked. The above is the specific work flow of the present invention. Repeat this step when you use it next time.

[0043] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second, etc., are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that includes a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0044] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the foregoing and their equivalents.

[0045] The present invention and its embodiments are described above. This description is not restrictive. The drawings show only one embodiment of the present invention, and the actual structure is not limited thereto. In short, if a person skilled in the art is inspired by this and, without departing from the purpose of the present invention, designs structures and embodiments similar to this technical solution without inventiveness, they shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A coal mine tunnel ventilation and dust reduction device, characterized by: The invention comprises a support frame (1), a ventilation dust reduction pipe (2), a self-cleaning dust filter device (3) and a centrifugal water film crushing dust reduction device (4), wherein the ventilation dust reduction pipe (2) is arranged on the support frame (1), the centrifugal water film crushing dust reduction device (4) is arranged in the ventilation dust reduction pipe (2), and the self-cleaning dust filter device (3) is connected to the centrifugal water film crushing dust reduction device (4); the centrifugal water film crushing dust reduction device (4) comprises a multi-stage transmission component (5), an induced draft fan blade (6), a centrifugal water film crushing atomizing component (7) and a guide dust reduction collecting component (8), wherein the multi-stage transmission component (5) is arranged on the ventilation dust reduction pipe (2), and the induced draft fan blade (6) is arranged in the multi-stage transmission component. The centrifugal water film crushing atomizing component (7) is arranged in the ventilation dust reduction pipe (2), the centrifugal water film crushing atomizing component (7) is connected to the multi-stage transmission component (5), and the guide dust reduction collecting component (8) is arranged on the ventilation dust reduction pipe (2); the centrifugal water film crushing atomizing component (7) includes a rotating shaft (9), a centrifugal crushing cylinder (10) and a water supply component (11), the rotating shaft (9) is rotatably arranged on the multi-stage transmission component (5), the centrifugal crushing cylinder (10) is sleeved on the rotating shaft (9), the water supply component (11) includes a water tank (15), a uniform water distribution annular cavity (16), a transmission pipe (17) and a water pump (18), the water tank (15) is provided on the support frame (1), the uniform water distribution annular cavity (16) is sleeved and provided on the outside of the rotating shaft (9), the uniform water distribution annular cavity (16) is not completely provided in the centrifugal crushing cylinder (10), the uniform water distribution annular cavity (16) and the centrifugal crushing cylinder (10) are sealed at the intersection, and water supply holes (19) are provided on the circumferential side wall of the uniform water distribution annular cavity (16) in the centrifugal crushing cylinder (10), and the water supply holes (19) are provided in a ring array. The water pump (18) is provided on the water tank (15), one end of the transmission pipe (17) passes through the ventilation and dust suppression pipe (2) and is connected to the uniform water distribution annular cavity (16), and the other end of the transmission pipe (17) is connected to the uniform water distribution annular cavity (16). One end is connected to a water pump (18); a centrifugal water outlet hole (12) is provided on the outer circumferential wall of the centrifugal crushing cylinder (10), and a drainage type water film crushing tooth plate (13) is provided at the centrifugal water outlet hole (12); the drainage type water film crushing tooth plate (13) is arranged in an arc shape, and a crushing tooth (14) is provided at one end of the drainage type water film crushing tooth plate (13) away from the centrifugal crushing cylinder (10); the diversion type dust collection component (8) includes a dust collection cylinder (20) and a diversion groove (21); the dust collection cylinder (20) passes through the ventilation dust collection pipe (2) and is provided on the support frame (1), and the diversion groove (21) is provided on the inner wall of the ventilation dust collection pipe (2);The self-cleaning dust filter device (3) comprises a connecting shaft (33), a cleaning ring plate (34), a cleaning brush (35) and a dust filter (36), wherein the connecting shaft (33) is connected to the driving gear disc (22), the cleaning ring plate (34) is connected to the connecting shaft (33), the cleaning brush (35) is arranged on the cleaning ring plate (34), and the dust filter (36) is arranged at the opening of the ventilation dust reduction pipe (2); the ventilation dust reduction pipe (2) comprises an air inlet pipe (37), A collision dust collection pipe (38) and a clean air acceleration discharge pipe (39), wherein the air inlet pipe (37) is arranged on the support frame (1), the collision dust collection pipe (38) and the air inlet pipe (37) are connected in a sealed manner, and the clean air acceleration discharge pipe (39) is arranged on the support frame (1), the clean air acceleration discharge pipe (39) and the collision dust collection pipe (38) are connected in a sealed manner, and the clean air acceleration discharge pipe (39) is a pipe type with wide ends and narrow in the middle.

2. A coal mine tunnel ventilation and dust reduction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-stage transmission assembly (5) comprises a driving gear disc (22), a transmission gear disc (23), a fixing frame (24), a transmission shaft (25), a planetary transmission member (26) and a motor (27), wherein the driving gear disc (22) is rotatably mounted on the ventilation and dust reduction pipe (2), the fixing frame (24) is mounted on the inner wall of the ventilation and dust reduction pipe (2), the transmission shaft (25) is rotatably mounted on the fixing frame (24), the transmission gear disc (23) is sleeved and fixedly mounted on the transmission shaft (25), the driving gear disc (22) is meshed and connected to the transmission gear disc (23), the planetary transmission member (26) is mounted on the transmission shaft (25), the motor (27) is mounted on the ventilation and dust reduction pipe (2), the output end of the motor (27) is connected to the driving gear disc (22), and the induced fan blades (6) are connected to the transmission shaft (25).

3. The coal mine tunnel ventilation and dust reduction device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The planetary transmission member (26) includes a support rod (28), an outer gear ring (29), a planetary gear (30), a planetary bracket (31) and a speed increasing wheel (32), wherein the support rod (28) is arranged on the outer circumferential wall of the transmission shaft (25), the outer gear ring (29) is arranged on the support rod (28), the planetary bracket (31) is sleeved and fixed on the fixing frame (24), the planetary gear (30) is rotatably arranged on the planetary bracket (31), the planetary gear (30) is meshed and connected with the outer gear ring (29), and the speed increasing wheel (32) is arranged at the end of the rotating shaft (9), and the speed increasing wheel (32) is meshed and connected with the planetary gear (30).

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