High-temperature experimental furnace capable of applying magnetic field

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of material performance tests, in particular to an experimental device suitable for testing mechanical properties of a material in a high-temperature and magnetic field environment. Comprising a furnace body, a furnace chamber is arranged in the furnace body, and a test piece and a Hopkinson pressure bar are arranged in the furnace chamber; the device further comprises a heating part, a magnetic field loading part and a control part, the heating part is located in the furnace body, a water cooling circulation part is arranged on the annular outer side of the furnace body, the magnetic field loading part is arranged on the outer side of the water cooling circulation part, and the control part is connected with the heating part, the water cooling circulation part and the magnetic field loading part. The device can apply a stable and uniform magnetic field to a sample in a high-temperature environment, and can be effectively integrated with dynamic mechanical testing equipment such as a Hopkinson pressure bar, so that the dynamic mechanical property of a material under the high-temperature magnetic field coupling effect is accurately evaluated, and a foundation is laid for deeply researching the influence of the magnetic field and the high-temperature coupling effect on the material property. Particularly, an efficient and reliable experiment platform is provided for response under a high strain rate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of material property testing, and particularly to an experimental device suitable for testing the mechanical properties of materials under high-temperature and magnetic field environments. Background Art

[0002] In the field of materials science and engineering, studying the deformation behavior of materials under high strain rates is crucial for understanding their mechanical properties. High strain rates generally refer to loading conditions where the strain rate is greater than 1 / s. Under such conditions, the deformation behavior of materials is significantly different from that under static loading. During the cutting process, the material undergoes a typical plastic deformation, characterized by large strain and extremely high strain rate. At such high strain rates, the flow stress of the material will increase significantly because the movement speed of dislocations inside the material is restricted, resulting in enhanced dislocation pile-up and interaction. In addition, the dynamic hardening phenomenon of materials is more obvious under high strain rates, which is caused by changes in the dislocation structure during the plastic deformation process.

[0003] High temperature is a common extreme environmental factor, and magnetic fields can also affect material properties. Many engineering materials exhibit different mechanical properties under the combined action of high temperature and magnetic fields compared to normal temperature and normal magnetic fields. Therefore, developing an experimental device capable of testing material properties under high-temperature and magnetic field environments has important scientific significance and engineering application value.

[0004] Currently, the testing technology for the mechanical properties of materials under high-temperature environments has been relatively mature, and there are various types of high-temperature furnaces, such as resistance furnaces, induction furnaces, etc. These furnaces can provide a high-temperature environment for materials and combine with corresponding mechanical testing equipment (such as tensile testing machines, compression testing machines, creep testing machines, etc.) to test the mechanical properties of materials.

[0005] At the same time, as an important physical field, magnetic fields can affect the magnetic, electrical, mechanical and other properties of materials. To study the influence of magnetic fields on material properties, various magnetic field application devices have also been developed, such as permanent magnets, electromagnets, superconducting magnets, etc. These devices can provide a static or dynamic magnetic field environment for materials. However, combining high-temperature environments and magnetic field environments to achieve the performance testing of materials under the combined action of high temperature and magnetic fields still faces many technical challenges: (1) It is difficult to ensure magnetic field uniformity; (2) The high-temperature tolerance of electromagnetic coils is insufficient: As the core component for magnetic field loading, electromagnetic coils need to operate stably in high-temperature environments. However, traditional electromagnetic coils mostly use copper wires and ordinary iron core materials, and these materials are prone to causing fluctuations in magnetic field strength or even magnetic field failure in high-temperature environments, seriously affecting the stability and controllability of experiments. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The object of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned defects existing in the prior art, and a high-temperature experimental furnace capable of applying a magnetic field is proposed. It can apply a stable and uniform magnetic field to a sample in a high-temperature environment, and can be effectively integrated with dynamic mechanical testing equipment such as a Hopkinson bar, so as to achieve an accurate evaluation of the dynamic mechanical properties of materials under the coupling action of high temperature and magnetic field, and provide an efficient and reliable experimental platform for in-depth study of the influence of the coupling action of magnetic field and high temperature on material properties, especially the response at high strain rates.

[0007] The technical solution of the present invention is: a high-temperature experimental furnace capable of applying a magnetic field, including a furnace body. Among them, a furnace cavity is provided inside the furnace body, and a specimen and a Hopkinson bar are provided inside the furnace cavity; It also includes a heating part, a magnetic field loading part and a control part. The heating part is located inside the furnace body, a water-cooling circulation part is provided on the annular outer side of the furnace body, a magnetic field loading part is provided on the outer side of the water-cooling circulation part, and the control part is respectively connected to the heating part, the water-cooling circulation part and the magnetic field loading part.

[0008] In the present invention, the furnace body is horizontally arranged, and the axial direction of the furnace body is arranged along the horizontal direction.

[0009] The furnace body includes a furnace body; Flanges are fixed on both end faces of the furnace body. Through holes are provided at the axial centers of the flanges and the furnace body, and the through holes are sequentially communicated with each other to form a furnace cavity; A water-cooling pipe is provided on the annular outer side of the furnace body.

[0010] Outside the annular of the furnace cavity and inside the furnace body, a resistance wire groove and a wire groove are provided. The resistance wire heating element is arranged in the resistance wire groove, and the power supply wire of the resistance wire heating element, as well as the thermocouple and Hall sensor wires, are arranged in the wire groove.

[0011] The water-cooling circulation part includes a spiral water-cooling pipe and a cooling water tank. The spiral water-cooling pipe is arranged on the annular outer side of the furnace body, and the cooling water tank is communicated with the spiral water-cooling pipe. Cold water in the cooling water tank is continuously injected into the spiral water-cooling pipe through a water pump.

[0012] The magnetic field loading part includes an iron core, an inner wire and an outer wire. The iron core is arranged on the annular outer side of the spiral water-cooling pipe, the inner wire is wound around the annular outer side of the iron core, and the outer wire is arranged outside the inner wire.

[0013] The control part includes a K-type thermocouple and a temperature controller. The K-type thermocouple is arranged in the furnace cavity, and the temperature controller is connected to the K-type thermocouple.

[0014] The control part also includes a power supply control module for controlling the magnitude of the electromagnetic coil current.

[0015] The control part includes a Hall sensor, and the Hall sensor is arranged in the furnace cavity.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: (1) Integrated multi-functionality: Existing high-temperature experimental furnaces usually focus on providing a high-temperature environment, while the devices for applying magnetic fields and the Hopkinson bar system for dynamic mechanical testing are often independent. This application integrates the capabilities of high-temperature heating, applying a stable and uniform magnetic field, and providing an experimental environment for Hopkinson bar dynamic mechanical testing. There is no need to transfer samples between different devices, greatly improving the experimental efficiency and convenience. (2) Controllable and uniform magnetic field environment: Although the magnetic field loading part in this application includes an inner-layer spiral main coil and an outer-layer spiral auxiliary coil, the inner-layer main coil is wound in a spiral manner and is mainly responsible for generating the magnetic field strength required for the experiment. The outer-layer auxiliary coil is arranged outside the main coil, with a denser number of turns and a spiral direction opposite to that of the inner-layer main coil. The auxiliary coil does not directly enhance the magnetic field strength but is used to adjust the magnetic field distribution, suppress the magnetic field gradient and edge effect generated by the main coil, play a role in stabilizing the magnetic field and improving uniformity, and combined with an accurate control system, can provide a stable and uniform magnetic field environment for samples in the high-temperature furnace cavity, providing reliable experimental conditions for studying the behavior of materials under the coupling action of magnetic fields and high temperatures. (3) Precise temperature control: The present invention uses resistance wire heating and combines with a K-type thermocouple for temperature detection and feedback control, which can achieve precise control of the temperature inside the furnace cavity, ensuring the accuracy and stability of the experimental temperature, which is crucial for studying the temperature-dependent behavior of materials. (4) Excellent heat dissipation performance: A closed-type water-cooled circulation device is installed on the outside of the furnace body, effectively reducing heat dissipation, improving heating efficiency, reducing energy consumption, protecting external components from high temperatures, and ensuring the long-term stable operation of the equipment. At the same time, the water-cooled circulation device can also, to a certain extent, prevent the heat generated by the furnace body from being transferred to the magnetic field loading part, minimizing the working environment of the magnetic field loading part and enabling the magnetic field loading part to provide a stable and uniform magnetic field environment for samples. Description of the Drawings

[0017] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram when the present invention is used in cooperation with the Hopkinson bar; Figure 2 is a sectional structural schematic diagram when the present invention is used in cooperation with the Hopkinson bar; Figure 3 is a front view structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 4 is a partial internal structural schematic diagram of the furnace body.

[0018] In the figure: 1 water pump; 2 cooling water tank; 3 support base; 4 Hopkinson bar; 5 front flange; 6 spiral water-cooled pipe; 7 iron core; 8 inner conductor; 9 rear flange; 10 K-type thermocouple; 11 Hall sensor; 12 ceramic bushing; 13 resistance wire groove; 14 furnace cavity; 15 furnace body; 16 specimen; 17 outer conductor; 18 conductor groove; 19 temperature controller. Detailed implementation manners

[0019] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the following detailed description of the specific implementation manners of the present invention will be given in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0020] In the following description, specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar generalizations without departing from the connotation of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited by the specific implementation manners disclosed below.

[0021] The high-temperature experimental furnace capable of applying a magnetic field described in the present invention needs to be used in cooperation with a Hopkinson bar to perform dynamic performance tests on specimens at high strain rates through the Hopkinson bar. Therefore, when designing the structure of the high-temperature experimental furnace described in this application, the integration of the Hopkinson bar needs to be considered.

[0022] As Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, the high-temperature experimental furnace capable of applying a magnetic field described in the present invention includes a furnace body, a heating part, a magnetic field loading part, a control part and a water-cooling circulation part. The furnace body is cylindrical and is horizontally arranged, that is, the axial direction of the furnace body is arranged horizontally. A furnace cavity 14 is provided at the axial center of the furnace body, and the Hopkinson bar 4 passes through the furnace cavity 14 to perform dynamic mechanical tests on the specimen 16 located at the center of the furnace cavity.

[0023] A heating part is provided inside the furnace body to heat the inside of the furnace cavity through the heating part, so as to achieve a high-temperature environment. A water-cooling circulation part is provided outside the furnace body, and the water-cooling circulation part is used to reduce the heat dissipation of the furnace cavity, improve the heating efficiency, and keep the outer shell of the experimental furnace at a relatively low temperature. A magnetic field loading part is provided outside the water-cooling circulation part, and the magnetic field generated by the magnetic field loading part can act on the specimen 16 in the furnace cavity, so that the specimen is in a magnetic field environment. The control part is respectively connected to the heating part, the magnetic field loading part and the water-cooling circulation part, and the control part can accurately control the heating temperature of the heating part, the cooling temperature of the water-cooling circulation part, and the magnetic field strength generated by the magnetic field loading part.

[0024] As Figures 1 to 2As shown in the figure, the furnace body in this embodiment is cylindrical. The furnace body includes the furnace body 15, and the furnace body 15 is placed horizontally, that is, the axial direction of the furnace body 15 is arranged along the horizontal direction. One end face of the furnace body 15 is fixedly connected to the front flange 5, and the other end face of the furnace body 15 is fixedly connected to the rear flange 9. Through holes are provided at the axial centers of the front flange 5, the furnace body 15, and the rear flange 9, and the through holes communicate with each other, thereby forming a furnace cavity 2 arranged along the horizontal direction at the axial center of the furnace body.

[0025] The furnace cavity 2 is the internal experimental space of the experimental furnace and is used to place the specimen 16 to be tested. In order to conduct mechanical tests at high temperatures, the Hopkinson bar 4 can also be accommodated in the furnace cavity. The specimen 16 is located between the Hopkinson bars 4 on both sides, and a high strain rate load is directly applied to the specimen through the Hopkinson bars 4.

[0026] In this embodiment, the front flange 5 and the rear flange 9 are respectively fixedly connected to both end faces of the furnace body 15 by bolt connections. Ceramic guide sleeves 12 are provided at both ends of the through hole of the furnace cavity. The ceramic guide sleeves 12 are fixed in the furnace cavity. In this embodiment, the ceramic guide sleeves and the furnace wall are fixedly connected by high-temperature resistant metal flanges. The Hopkinson bar 4 passes through the ceramic guide sleeve 12, and a sliding seal connection is formed between the Hopkinson bar 4 and the ceramic guide sleeve 12, allowing the Hopkinson bar to move freely in a high-temperature environment while ensuring the airtightness inside the furnace cavity. The ceramic guide sleeve 12 is used to enclose the furnace cavity and maintain the temperature uniformity inside the furnace cavity.

[0027] As Figure 2 shown, a resistance wire groove 13 is provided inside the furnace body 15 and outside the annular furnace cavity 2. The resistance wire heating element is located in the resistance wire groove 13. After the resistance wire heating element is energized, it generates heat to heat the inside of the furnace cavity, thereby realizing a high-temperature environment inside the furnace cavity 2 and enabling the specimen 16 to be tested to be in a high-temperature environment. In this embodiment, since the resistance wire heating element is spiral, the resistance wire groove 13 is also correspondingly spiral and is arranged along the axial direction of the furnace cavity 2. By providing the resistance wire groove 13, the resistance wire heating element is effectively isolated from the furnace cavity 2, ensuring experimental safety.

[0028] At the same time, a wire groove 18 is also provided inside the furnace body 15, and the power supply wires of the resistance wire heating element are arranged in the wire groove 18 to ensure the neatness and safety of the circuit.

[0029] The water cooling circulation part includes a spiral water cooling pipe 6, a water pump 1, and a cooling water tank 2. The spiral water cooling pipe 6 is located outside the annular furnace body 15. The spiral water cooling pipe 6 is used to reduce the heat dissipation of the furnace cavity, improve the heating efficiency, and keep the outer shell of the experimental furnace at a relatively low temperature. The spiral water cooling pipe 6 is connected to the cooling water tank 2 through a pipe, and a constant water flow is provided to the spiral water cooling pipe 6 by the water pump 1. The spiral water cooling pipe 6 can effectively block heat conduction and heat convection.

[0030] The magnetic field loading part is arranged on the annular outer side of the spiral water-cooled pipe 6. The magnetic field loading part includes an iron core 7, an inner wire 8 and an outer wire 17. The iron core 7 is arranged on the annular outer side of the spiral water-cooled pipe 6. The inner wire 8 is wound around the annular outer side of the iron core 7, and the inner wire 8 provides the main magnetic field intensity. The outer wire 17 is wound around the outer side of the inner wire 8, and the outer wire 17 provides stability for the magnetic field. The iron core 7, the inner wire 8 and the outer wire 17 form an electromagnetic coil, which is the core of the magnetic field loading part.

[0031] When an electric current is passed through the inner wire 8, the iron core 7 will generate a magnetic field. Through the reverse winding design of the outer wire 17, the generated magnetic field component can cancel out the uneven magnetic field generated by the main coil in the edge area, reducing the magnetic field gradient. This magnetic field acts on the specimen 16 in the furnace cavity 2, making the specimen 16 located in the magnetic field environment. By adjusting the magnitude of the current, the intensity of the magnetic field can be controlled. In this embodiment, the electromagnetic coil can be powered by an external power supply.

[0032] The control part includes a temperature controller 19 and a K-type thermocouple 10. The K-type thermocouple 10 is arranged in the furnace cavity 2. The K-type thermocouple 10 is used to detect the temperature near the specimen in the furnace cavity 2 in real time and feed back the temperature signal to the temperature controller 19. The K-type thermocouple 10 has the advantages of a wide measurement range and high accuracy, and is suitable for temperature measurement in a high-temperature environment. The temperature controller 19 receives the temperature signal from the K-type thermocouple 10 and adjusts the power supply power of the resistance wire according to the set target temperature, so as to accurately control the temperature in the furnace cavity 2.

[0033] The control part also includes a Hall sensor 11. The Hall sensor 11 is also arranged in the furnace cavity 2. The Hall sensor 11 is used to detect the magnetic field intensity near the specimen in the furnace cavity 2 in real time.

[0034] The control part also includes a power supply control module for controlling the magnitude of the current of the electromagnetic coil. At the same time, this power supply control module can control the magnitude of the current of the electromagnetic coil so as to adjust the magnetic field intensity applied to the specimen 16.

[0035] In this embodiment, the material of the furnace body should be selected as a non-magnetic and high-temperature-resistant material to avoid the influence of the magnetic field on the furnace body itself and ensure the structural stability at high temperatures.

[0036] When conducting an experiment using the high-temperature experimental furnace described in this application, first fix the specimen 16 on the incident rod and ensure that the Hopkinson bar 4 passes through the furnace cavity 2 and is aligned with the specimen. Then, set the target temperature through the temperature controller 19, and the resistance wire heating element starts to heat. At the same time, according to the experimental requirements, adjust the current of the electromagnetic coil through the power supply control module in the control part to apply a magnetic field of the required intensity. When the temperature and the magnetic field are stable, the dynamic mechanical test of the Hopkinson bar on the specimen 16 in the furnace cavity 2 can be carried out.

[0037] During the experiment, one end of the Hopkinson bar 4 is located inside the furnace chamber 2, and the other end of the Hopkinson bar 4 is located outside the furnace chamber 2. Moreover, the support base 13 plays a supporting role for the Hopkinson bar 4, keeping the working Hopkinson bar 4 in a horizontal state.

[0038] The high-temperature experimental furnace capable of applying a magnetic field provided by the present invention has been introduced in detail above. Specific examples are used in this article to elaborate on the principle and implementation manner of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and its core idea of the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art of this technology, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and modifications can still be made to the present invention, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention. The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be obvious to those skilled in the art. The general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to these embodiments shown in this article, but will conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A high-temperature experimental furnace capable of applying a magnetic field, comprising a furnace body, characterized in that, The furnace body is provided with a furnace cavity, and a specimen and a Hopkinson bar are arranged in the furnace cavity; It further includes a heating part, a magnetic field loading part, a water cooling circulation part and a control part. The heating part is located inside the furnace body. A water cooling circulation part is arranged on the annular outer side of the furnace body, and a magnetic field loading part is arranged on the outer side of the water cooling circulation part. The control part is respectively connected to the heating part, the water cooling circulation part and the magnetic field loading part.

2. The high-temperature experimental furnace capable of applying a magnetic field according to claim 1, characterized in that, The furnace body is horizontally arranged, and the axial direction of the furnace body is arranged along the horizontal direction.

3. The high-temperature experimental furnace capable of applying a magnetic field according to claim 1, characterized in that, The furnace body includes the furnace body; Flanges are fixed on both end faces of the furnace body. Through holes are provided at the axial centers of the flanges and the furnace body. The through holes are sequentially communicated with each other to form a furnace cavity; Water cooling pipes are arranged on the annular outer side of the furnace body.

4. The high-temperature experimental furnace capable of applying a magnetic field according to claim 1, wherein A resistance wire groove and a wire groove are arranged on the annular outer side of the furnace cavity and inside the furnace body. A resistance wire heating element is arranged in the resistance wire groove, and the power supply wires of the resistance wire heating element, as well as the thermocouple and Hall sensor wires, are arranged in the wire groove.

5. The high-temperature experimental furnace capable of applying a magnetic field according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water cooling circulation part includes a spiral water cooling pipe and a cooling water tank. The spiral water cooling pipe is arranged on the annular outer side of the furnace body. The cooling water tank is communicated with the spiral water cooling pipe, and cold water in the cooling water tank is continuously injected into the spiral water cooling pipe by a water pump.

6. The high-temperature experimental furnace capable of applying a magnetic field according to claim 5, characterized in that, The magnetic field loading part includes an iron core, an inner wire and an outer wire. The iron core is arranged on the annular outer side of the spiral water cooling pipe. The inner wire is wound around the annular outer side of the iron core, and the outer wire is arranged outside the inner wire.

7. The high-temperature experimental furnace capable of applying a magnetic field according to claim 1, wherein The control part includes a K-type thermocouple and a temperature controller. The K-type thermocouple is arranged in the furnace cavity, and the temperature controller is connected to the K-type thermocouple.

8. The high-temperature experimental furnace capable of applying a magnetic field according to claim 7, characterized in that, The control part further includes a power supply control module for controlling the magnitude of the electromagnetic coil current.

9. The high-temperature experimental furnace capable of applying a magnetic field according to claim 7, wherein, The control part includes a Hall sensor, and the Hall sensor is arranged in the furnace cavity.

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