Columnar sediment cutting and sampling device for geological survey of ocean mining area

Abstract

The invention discloses a columnar sediment cutting and sampling device for marine mining area geological survey in the technical field of sampling devices. The columnar sediment cutting and sampling device comprises a mounting frame, supporting legs and a driving drilling machine. When exploration sampling is carried out on geology of a marine mining area, a rotating column and cleaning teeth are utilized, the rotating column and the cleaning teeth can be driven by sludge and chippings to rotate, the sludge discharging effect of a drill bit can be improved through rotation of the rotating column, and the situation that silt and chippings are gathered and attached to gaps between multiple crushing teeth is avoided; the cleaning teeth can stir and clean silt and chippings attached among the multiple crushing teeth, so that the silt and the chippings attached among the crushing teeth can be stripped and flow away along with water flow, the silt and the chippings are prevented from being attached among the multiple crushing teeth, gaps among the crushing teeth are scoured by utilizing flushing holes, and the crushing efficiency is improved. And in cooperation with the cleaning teeth, silt and chippings between the crushing teeth are stripped, and the residual chippings between the crushing teeth can be further removed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of sampling devices, and particularly to a columnar sediment cutting and sampling device for marine mining area geological exploration. Background Technique

[0002] Marine sediments are an important part of the seabed geological layer. Sampling and detecting marine sediments can achieve the detection and traceability of marine pollution, ecological risk assessment, scientific research, and the development and utilization of marine resources.

[0003] In the prior art, when drilling and sampling marine mining area sediments, debris and sludge generated during the drilling process will adhere between the crushing teeth of the drill bit, thereby increasing the friction between the drill bit and the sediments, resulting in an increase in the rotational resistance of the drill bit, a decrease in the drilling speed, and even a jamming situation, reducing the drilling efficiency; in addition, the sludge and debris between the crushing teeth of the drill bit contain salts and sulfides, which will accelerate the corrosion of metal components and shorten the service life of the drill bit. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a columnar sediment cutting and sampling device for marine mining area geological exploration to solve the problems raised in the above background technique.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A columnar sediment cutting and sampling device for marine mining area geological exploration, including an installation frame, support legs, a driving drill, a drilling pipe installed inside the driving drill, a sealing valve installed inside the drilling pipe, and a drill bit installed at the end of the drilling pipe. The drill bit is composed of a connecting pipe and a plurality of crushing teeth arranged at equal angles. A stepped protrusion formed by an increased diameter is provided on the surface of the connecting pipe near the crushing teeth. A rotating shaft is arranged between two adjacent crushing teeth. A rotating column is rotatably connected to the surface of the rotating shaft. A plurality of conical cleaning teeth are fixedly connected to the surface of the rotating column. The cleaning teeth are used to clean the gap between adjacent crushing teeth; Flushing holes are arranged obliquely on the surface of the drill bit. The flushing holes extend from the stepped protrusion position on the side surface of the connecting pipe to between adjacent crushing teeth at the bottom of the connecting pipe.

[0006] As a further solution of the present invention, an extraction port is provided on the surface of the drilling pipe. An arc-shaped sealing cover is fixedly installed in the extraction port. A groove is provided on the inner wall surface of the drilling pipe. A lining pipe is installed in the groove. The sample cut by the drill bit can move into the lining pipe. The extraction port is used to extract the lining pipe.

[0007] As a further solution of the present invention, buffer grooves are provided on both sides of the adjacent crushing teeth close to each other. Both ends of the rotating shaft are respectively located in the two buffer grooves. An elastically telescopic buffer block is fixedly connected in the buffer groove, and the end of the buffer block is attached to the surface of the rotating shaft.

[0008] As a further solution of the present invention, replacement grooves are provided on both sides of the adjacent crushing teeth close to each other. The replacement grooves communicate with the buffer grooves.

[0009] As a further solution of the present invention, a blocking groove is provided on the side wall of the replacement groove. A blocking block is elastically slidably connected in the blocking groove through an elastic block. The side of the blocking block away from the buffer groove is an inclined surface.

[0010] As a further solution of the present invention, an inclined shielding block is fixedly connected to the surface of the connecting pipe. The shielding block is located above the flushing hole.

[0011] As a further solution of the present invention, a fixing frame is fixedly connected in the flushing hole. A sliding rod is elastically slidably connected to the fixing frame. The sliding rod penetrates through the fixing frame and extends between the crushing teeth at the bottom of the connecting pipe. The bottom of the sliding rod is located above the rotating column.

[0012] As a further solution of the present invention, an L-shaped pushing rod is elastically slidably connected to the surface of the connecting pipe. The bottom of the pushing rod is located above the upper end of the sliding rod. The upper end of the sliding rod penetrates through the shielding block and extends above the shielding block. The upper end of the pushing rod is fixedly connected with a shielding ring. An inclined communication hole is provided on the surface of the drilling pipe away from the sealing cover. The communication hole penetrates through the drilling pipe and communicates with the groove.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: When the present invention conducts geological exploration and sampling on a marine mining area, by using the rotating column and the cleaning teeth, the rotating column and the cleaning teeth can rotate driven by silt and debris. The rotation of the rotating column can increase the mud discharge effect of the drill bit, avoiding the aggregation and adhesion of sediment and debris in the gaps between multiple crushing teeth. And the cleaning teeth can dial and clean the sediment and debris that have adhered between multiple crushing teeth, so that the sediment and debris adhered between the crushing teeth can be peeled off and flow away with the water flow, avoiding the adhesion of sediment and debris between multiple crushing teeth, which will increase the friction between the drill bit and the seabed sediment, thereby increasing the burden on the drill bit during the drilling process, increasing unnecessary energy consumption, reducing the service life of the drill bit, and flushing the gaps between the crushing teeth through the flushing holes, cooperating with the cleaning teeth to peel off the sediment and debris between the crushing teeth, which can further remove the remaining debris between the crushing teeth.

[0014] During the drilling sampling process of the present invention, the sealing valve is opened, and the sample passes through the drill bit and the sealing valve and moves to the interior of the liner pipe. After the drilling sampling is completed, the sealing valve is closed to seal the sample inside the drilling pipe. The drilling pipe moves to bring the sample out, and then the sealing cover is removed, and the liner pipe and the sample inside the liner pipe are taken out through the removal port, which is conducive to quickly taking the sample out of the drilling pipe. The liner pipe can protect the sample, ensure the integrity of the sample, and avoid sample breakage during the removal process.

[0015] During the drilling sampling process of the present invention, there will be a large amount of mud and debris between adjacent crushing teeth. The rotating column and the rotating shaft will move toward the side close to the connecting pipe due to the squeezing of the mud and sand. The rotating shaft will move in the buffer groove, and the buffer block will be compressed. The buffer block can reduce the impact on the rotating shaft when it moves, thereby ensuring the normal operation of the rotating shaft and the rotating column. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention after being cut apart; Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the drilling pipe in the present invention; Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the drill bit in the present invention; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the explosion structure of the drilling pipe, the liner pipe and the sealing cover in the present invention; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the drilling pipe after being cut open in the present invention; Figure 7 for Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure at A in the middle; Figure 8 for Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure at B in the middle; Figure 9 for Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure at point C in the middle.

[0017] In the accompanying drawings: 1-mounting frame, 2-sealing valve, 3-supporting leg, 4-driving drill, 5-drilling pipe, 6-drill bit, 7-connecting pipe, 8-crushing tooth, 9-removal port, 10-sealing cover, 11-groove, 12-lining pipe, 13-rotating shaft, 14-rotating column, 15-cleaning tooth, 16-buffer groove, 17-buffer block, 18-replacement groove, 19-blocking groove, 20-blocking block, 21-elastic block, 22-flushing hole, 23-blocking block, 24-fixed frame, 2401-sliding rod, 25-pushing rod, 26-blocking ring, 27-connecting hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] See alsoFigures 1-9 , the present invention provides a technical solution: a columnar sediment cutting and sampling device for marine mining area geological exploration, including a mounting frame 1, support legs 3, a driving drill 4, a drilling pipe 5 installed inside the driving drill 4, a sealing valve 2 installed inside the drilling pipe 5, and a drill bit 6 installed at the end of the drilling pipe 5. The drill bit 6 is composed of a connecting pipe 7 and a plurality of broken teeth 8 arranged at equal angles. A stepped protrusion formed due to an increase in diameter is provided on the surface of the connecting pipe 7 near one side of the broken teeth 8. A rotating shaft 13 is arranged between two adjacent broken teeth 8. A rotating column 14 is rotatably connected to the surface of the rotating shaft 13. A plurality of conical cleaning teeth 15 are fixedly connected to the surface of the rotating column 14. The cleaning teeth 15 are used to clean the gaps between adjacent broken teeth 8; The surface of the drill bit 6 is provided with inclined flushing holes 22, and the flushing holes 22 extend from the stepped protrusion position on the side surface of the connecting pipe 7 to between the adjacent broken teeth 8 at the bottom of the connecting pipe 7; When conducting geological exploration and sampling in a marine mining area, first, the cutting and sampling device stably supports the mounting frame 1 through the support legs 3. The driving drill 4 drives the drilling pipe 5 and the drill bit 6 to rotate to drill the marine sediment. The sealing valve 2 is opened, and the broken teeth 8 cut into the internal part of the seabed sediment to break the marine sediment. There will be a large amount of sediment and debris between adjacent broken teeth 8. The sediment and debris generated during the drilling process flow through the surface of the rotating column 14. The rotating column 14 and the cleaning teeth 15 can rotate driven by the silt and debris. The rotation of the rotating column 14 can guide the movement of the debris, thereby increasing the mud discharge effect of the drill bit 6, preventing sediment and debris from aggregating and adhering in the gaps between the plurality of broken teeth 8, which may lead to an increase in the friction between the drill bit 6 and the marine sediment, increasing the burden on the drill bit 6, causing unnecessary energy consumption loss, and affecting the drilling efficiency of the drill bit 6. Moreover, the cleaning teeth 15 can stir and clean the sediment and debris between the plurality of broken teeth 8, so that the sediment and debris adhering between the broken teeth 8 can be cleaned and peeled off and washed away by the water flow, preventing the salt and sulfide contained in the sediment and debris adhering between the plurality of broken teeth 8 from accelerating the corrosion of the drill bit 6, affecting the strength of the drill bit 6, and reducing the service life of the drill bit 6; When the drilling pipe 5 and the drill bit 6 move upward after the drilling is completed, the sealing valve 2 is closed, and water flows into the gaps between the broken teeth 8 through the flushing holes 22 on the side surface of the connecting pipe 7, cooperating with the cleaning teeth 15 to peel off the sediment and debris between the broken teeth 8, which can further remove the remaining debris between the broken teeth 8. During the drilling process, the drilling range of the broken teeth 8 is relatively large. The flushing holes 22 are located at the stepped protrusion position on the surface of the connecting pipe 7. When the drilling pipe 5 and the connecting pipe 7 move upward, there is a certain gap between the flushing holes 22 and the drill hole, and the water flow can flow into the flushing holes 22.

[0019] When conducting geological exploration and sampling of marine mining areas, the sampled samples are usually discharged from the end of the drilling pipe 5, which is rather cumbersome to take out, and the samples are likely to be broken during the taking-out process. As a further solution of the present invention, an extraction opening 9 is provided on the surface of the drilling pipe 5, and an arc-shaped sealing cover 10 is fixedly installed in the extraction opening 9. A groove 11 is provided on the inner wall surface of the drilling pipe 5, and a lining pipe 12 is installed in the groove 11. The samples cut by the drill bit 6 can move into the inner part of the lining pipe 12, and the extraction opening 9 is used to take out the lining pipe 12; During the process of drilling and sampling, the sealing valve 2 is opened, and the samples pass through the drill bit 6 and the sealing valve 2 and move into the inner part of the lining pipe 12. Subsequently, after the drilling and sampling are completed, the sealing valve 2 is closed to seal the samples inside the drilling pipe 5. The drilling pipe 5 is moved to take out the samples, and then the sealing cover 10 is removed, and the lining pipe 12 and the samples inside the lining pipe 12 are taken out through the extraction opening 9, which is beneficial to quickly take out the samples from the drilling pipe 5. The lining pipe 12 can protect the samples and ensure the integrity of the samples, avoiding the samples being broken during the taking-out process.

[0020] During the process of drilling and sampling, the impact force on the rotating shaft 13 is relatively large. As a further solution of the present invention, buffer grooves 16 are provided on both sides of adjacent crushing teeth 8 close to each other. Both ends of the rotating shaft 13 are respectively located in the two buffer grooves 16, and an elastically telescopic buffer block 17 is fixedly connected in the buffer grooves 16, and the end of the buffer block 17 is in contact with the surface of the rotating shaft 13; During the process of drilling and sampling, there will be a large amount of sediment and debris between adjacent crushing teeth 8. The rotating column 14 and the rotating shaft 13 move towards the side close to the connecting pipe 7 under the extrusion of the sediment. The rotating shaft 13 will move in the buffer groove 16, and the buffer block 17 is compressed. The buffer block 17 can slow down the impact force received when the rotating shaft 13 moves, ensuring the normal operation of the rotating shaft 13 and the rotating column 14.

[0021] During the process of drilling and sampling, the cleaning teeth 15 are worn out and consumed relatively quickly and need to be replaced. As a further solution of the present invention, replacement grooves 18 are provided on both sides of adjacent crushing teeth 8 close to each other, and the replacement grooves 18 communicate with the buffer grooves 16; During the process of drilling and sampling, when the cleaning teeth 15 are worn out and need to be replaced, the rotating shaft 13 and the rotating column 14 can be taken out through the replacement grooves 18, which is beneficial to disassemble and replace the rotating shaft 13 and the rotating column 14 after the cleaning teeth 15 are worn out, ensuring the continuous use of the drill bit 6 and extending the service life of the drill bit 6.

[0022] During the process of drilling and sampling, the rotating shaft 13 is likely to move into the replacement groove 18. As a further solution of the present invention, a blocking groove 19 is provided on the side wall of the replacement groove 18, and a blocking block 20 is elastically slidably connected in the blocking groove 19 through an elastic block 21. The side of the blocking block 20 away from the buffer groove 16 is an inclined surface; During the drilling and sampling process, the blocking block 20 can block the replacement groove 18 during the drilling of the drill bit 6, preventing the rotating shaft 13 from moving out through the replacement groove 18 during the drilling process, thus affecting the normal drilling.

[0023] When the drilling pipe 5 moves upward after the drilling is completed, the debris scattered in the borehole will fall into the flushing hole 22. As a further solution of the present invention, the surface of the connecting pipe 7 is fixedly connected with an inclined shielding block 23, and the shielding block 23 is located above the flushing hole 22; When the drilling pipe 5 moves upward after the drilling is completed, the shielding block 23 can block the upper part of the flushing hole 22, so that the falling debris will fall to one side of the flushing hole 22 along the shielding block 23, preventing the scattered debris from moving into the flushing hole 22 along with the water flow and causing blockage of the flushing hole 22, thus affecting the cleaning of the drill bit 6.

[0024] During the drilling process, a large amount of sediment and debris will move with the water flow, and there will still be sediment or debris moving into the flushing hole 22 and causing blockage of the flushing hole 22. As a further solution of the present invention, a fixing frame 24 is fixedly connected inside the flushing hole 22. An elastic sliding connection is provided between the fixing frame 24 and a sliding rod 2401. The sliding rod 2401 penetrates through the fixing frame 24 and extends between the crushing teeth 8 at the bottom of the connecting pipe 7. The bottom of the sliding rod 2401 is located above the rotating column 14; During the drilling process, the rotating shaft 13 and the rotating column 14 move upward under the extrusion of sediment and debris. The rotating column 14 will push the sliding rod 2401 upward. The bottom of the sliding rod 2401 will abut against the surface of the rotating column 14 where there is no cleaning tooth 15. When the rotating column 14 rotates, the sliding rod 2401 will move along the surface of the rotating column 14, and can clean the sediment or debris attached to the surface of the rotating column 14. Subsequently, after the drilling is completed and the drilling pipe 5 moves upward, the rotating shaft 13 and the rotating column 14 will move downward, and the sliding rod 2401 will move under the action of elastic force. The movement of the sliding rod 2401 inside the flushing hole 22 can loosen the sediment and debris blocked in the flushing hole 22, so that they will flow away with the water flow, avoiding the flushing hole 22 from being blocked during the drilling process and thus unable to flush the gap between the crushing teeth 8.

[0025] When taking out the sample at the end of drilling, the inner lining pipe 12 will fit tightly against the inner wall of the groove 11, and there will be water between the inner lining pipe 12 and the drilling pipe 5. Under the action of the water tension, it will be more difficult to take out the inner lining pipe 12 from the inside of the drilling pipe 5. There is a further solution to the present invention. The surface of the connecting pipe 7 is elastically slidably connected with an L-shaped pushing rod 25. The bottom of the pushing rod 25 is above the upper end of the sliding rod 2401. The upper end of the sliding rod 2401 penetrates through the shielding block 23 and extends above the shielding block 23. The upper end of the pushing rod 25 is fixedly connected with a shielding ring 26. An inclined communication hole 27 is provided on the surface of the drilling pipe 5 on the side away from the sealing cover 10. The communication hole 27 penetrates through the drilling pipe 5 and extends to communicate with the groove 11; During the drilling process, the rotating shaft 13 and the rotating column 14 move upward. The rotating column 14 will push the sliding rod 2401 upward. The sliding rod 2401 will push the pushing rod 25 and the shielding ring 26 to move upward together. The shielding ring 26 can move to the position of the communication hole 27 to block the communication hole 27. Subsequently, after the drilling is completed, the sliding rod 2401 and the pushing rod 25 move downward, and the shielding ring 26 moves downward to below the communication hole 27. When taking out the inner lining pipe 12 and the sample, the sealing cover 10 is opened. The communication hole 27 can allow air to enter the inside of the groove 11 through the communication hole 27 when taking out the inner lining pipe 12, so that the inner lining pipe 12 can be taken out quickly.

Claims

1. A columnar sediment cutting and sampling device for marine mining area geological exploration, comprising a mounting frame (1), support legs (3), a driving drill (4), a drilling pipe (5) installed inside the driving drill (4), a sealing valve (2) installed inside the drilling pipe (5), and a drill bit (6) installed at the end of the drilling pipe (5), characterized in that: The drill bit (6) is composed of a connecting pipe (7) and a plurality of crushing teeth (8) arranged at equal angles. A stepped protrusion formed by an increased diameter is provided on the surface of the connecting pipe (7) near the side of the crushing teeth (8). A rotating shaft (13) is arranged between two adjacent crushing teeth (8). A rotating column (14) is rotatably connected to the surface of the rotating shaft (13). A plurality of conical cleaning teeth (15) are fixedly connected to the surface of the rotating column (14). The cleaning teeth (15) are used to clean the gaps between adjacent crushing teeth (8). The surface of the drill bit (6) is provided with inclined flushing holes (22). The flushing holes (22) extend from the position of the stepped protrusion on the side surface of the connecting pipe (7) to between the adjacent crushing teeth (8) at the bottom of the connecting pipe (7).

2. The columnar sediment cutting and sampling device for marine mining area geological exploration according to claim 1, characterized in that: An extraction port (9) is provided on the surface of the drilling pipe (5). An arc-shaped sealing cover (10) is fixedly installed in the extraction port (9). A groove (11) is provided on the inner wall surface of the drilling pipe (5). A lining pipe (12) is installed in the groove (11). The sample cut by the drill bit (6) can move into the inner part of the lining pipe (12). The extraction port (9) is used to extract the lining pipe (12).

3. The columnar sediment cutting and sampling device for marine mining area geological exploration according to claim 1, characterized in that: Buffer grooves (16) are provided on both sides of adjacent crushing teeth (8) close to each other. Both ends of the rotating shaft (13) are respectively located in the two buffer grooves (16). An elastically telescopic buffer block (17) is fixedly connected in the buffer grooves (16). The end of the buffer block (17) is in contact with the surface of the rotating shaft (13).

4. A columnar sediment cutting and sampling device for marine mining area geological exploration according to claim 3, characterized in that: Replacement grooves (18) are provided on both sides of adjacent crushing teeth (8) close to each other. The replacement grooves (18) communicate with the buffer grooves (16).

5. A columnar sediment cutting and sampling device for marine mining area geological exploration according to claim 4, characterized in that: A blocking groove (19) is provided on the side wall of the replacement groove (18). A blocking block (20) is elastically slidably connected in the blocking groove (19) through an elastic block (21). The side of the blocking block (20) away from the buffer groove (16) is an inclined surface.

6. The columnar sediment cutting and sampling device for marine mining area geological exploration according to claim 2, wherein: An inclined shielding block (23) is fixedly connected to the surface of the connecting pipe (7). The shielding block (23) is located above the flushing holes (22).

7. The columnar sediment cutting and sampling device for marine mining area geological exploration according to claim 6, wherein: A fixing frame (24) is fixedly connected in the flushing holes (22). A sliding rod (2401) is elastically slidably connected to the fixing frame (24). The sliding rod (2401) penetrates through the fixing frame (24) and extends to between the crushing teeth (8) at the bottom of the connecting pipe (7). The bottom of the sliding rod (2401) is located above the rotating column (14).

8. A columnar sediment cutting and sampling device for marine mining area geological exploration according to claim 7, characterized in that: An L-shaped pushing rod (25) is elastically slidably connected to the surface of the connecting pipe (7). The bottom of the pushing rod (25) is located above the upper end of the sliding rod (2401). The upper end of the sliding rod (2401) penetrates through the shielding block (23) and extends above the shielding block (23). A shielding ring (26) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the pushing rod (25). An inclined communication hole (27) is provided on the surface of the drilling pipe (5) away from the sealing cover (10). The communication hole (27) penetrates through the drilling pipe (5) and communicates with the groove (11).

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