Soil deep sampling device for ecological restoration

Abstract

The invention discloses a soil deep sampling device for ecological restoration, and belongs to the technical field of water pollution monitoring, the soil deep sampling device for ecological restoration comprises a base, the base comprises a frame, a vertically arranged lifting part is fixedly mounted on the frame, and rollers are mounted at the bottom of the lifting part; the supporting frame comprises two vertical guide rods, and a sliding frame is installed between the two guide rods in a sliding mode along the axes of the guide rods. Through the design of the base, the supporting frame, the tunneling piece, the rotating assembly and the lifting assembly, when riverbed soil pollution treatment associated with water pollution treatment is carried out, soil in a riverbed is extruded into the sampling pipe along the hollow drill bit and the relay piece by utilizing the tunneling piece which rotates to drill downwards, and a sample is wrapped by utilizing the lining; the whole sample can be conveniently taken out from the sampling pipe, and the bushing can be knotted in a segmented manner by utilizing the relative rotation of the sampling pipe and the drill bit in the sampling process, so that continuous independent sampling is carried out.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of water pollution monitoring, and particularly relates to a deep soil sampling device for ecological restoration. Background Art

[0002] Water pollution monitoring aims to evaluate the pollution degree of water bodies, provide a scientific basis for environmental protection, water resource management and public health. Through detection, pollution sources can be discovered in time, and targeted treatment measures can be taken to ensure water quality safety. Conventional water pollution monitoring not only requires sampling and testing of water, but also can sample and test the waterfront soil such as riverbeds and lake beaches and carry out targeted restoration and treatment.

[0003] The existing Chinese invention patent with the publication number of CN118294200B discloses a deep soil sampling device for ecological restoration, which uses a special sampling tube to realize batch deep sampling of soil. In actual use, due to soil pollution caused by water pollution, the integrity of the soil layer will be damaged during drilling and sampling. In addition, due to the special runny and sandy structure of the river beach soil, the fluidity of the sample is relatively large. During sampling, the sewage and loose samples in different soil layers flow and penetrate each other, and the samples taken at different depths are quite different from the actual soil conditions at different depths. In view of this, a deep soil sampling device for ecological restoration is provided. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned disadvantages of the prior art and provide a deep soil sampling device for ecological restoration.

[0005] The technical solution adopted to solve the above technical problem is as follows:

[0006] A deep soil sampling device for ecological restoration, comprising:

[0007] A base, the base includes a frame, a vertically arranged lifting member is fixedly installed on the frame, and rollers are installed at the bottom of the lifting member;

[0008] A support frame, the support frame includes two vertical guide rods, and a sliding frame is slidably installed between the two guide rods along the axis of the guide rods;

[0009] A tunneling member, the tunneling member includes a main rod, the main rod is vertically installed in the middle of the sliding frame through a bearing, the lower end of the main rod is detachably connected to a sampling tube through a connecting rod, a relay member is installed at the lower end of the sampling tube, a drill bit is installed at the lower end of the relay member, the drill bit, the relay member and the sampling tube are vertically penetrated, and a bushing with an opening downward is installed inside the drill bit;

[0010] The relay comprises a connecting sleeve and a sliding sleeve, wherein a vertical bar is provided at the lower end of the connecting sleeve, and a vertical groove corresponding to the vertical bar is provided on the inner wall of the sliding sleeve, and when the vertical bar is inserted into the vertical groove, the sampling tube and the drill bit are locked with each other, and when the vertical bar is pulled out of the vertical groove, the sampling tube and the drill bit can rotate relative to each other;

[0011] A rotating assembly, the rotating assembly providing a rotating power for the excavation member;

[0012] A lifting assembly provides power for the excavation component to move along the axis direction of the guide rod.

[0013] Furthermore, the relay component also includes a convex edge, which is located at the bottom end of the vertical bar. The sliding sleeve is located above the convex edge and is equipped with a limiting ring. The bottom surface of the limiting ring is provided with an annular gap for the convex edge to rotate.

[0014] Through the above technical scheme, in order to realize the smooth locking and relative rotation of the relay, it is only necessary to pull up the sampling tube and the drill bit is stuck in the soil, so that the vertical bar can be separated from the vertical groove, and the sampling tube and the drill bit can rotate relative to each other. However, the convex edge will be blocked by the limit ring to prevent the connecting sleeve and the sliding sleeve from falling off completely. At the same time, the convex edge can also rotate around the axis of the relay in the annular gap, and the sampling tube can be pressed down to insert the vertical bar into the vertical groove, so that the sampling tube and the drill bit can be locked with each other. The structure is simple and the operation is fast.

[0015] Furthermore, the drill bit includes a through tube, an inner ring is installed on the inner wall of the through tube at the top opening, a lift piece is installed on the circumferential inner wall of the inner ring, and the free end of the lift piece extends toward the center of the inner ring.

[0016] Through the above technical scheme, the specific configuration of the drill bit is disclosed, and the lifter adopts an elastic structure, which can make it easier for the soil to squeeze the lifter and move upward when drilling downwards. At the same time, the opening at the bottom end of the bushing is pressed, so that when the sampling tube and the drill bit can rotate relatively, the lower end of the bushing is fixed to ensure that it is smoothly tied at the relay position, and the free end of the lifter is tilted upward, and can support the soil sample above the inner side of the drill bit through its own elasticity, ensuring that the sample can be smoothly lifted to the ground after sampling.

[0017] Furthermore, a corrugated protrusion is provided at the bottom end of the through tube, a grinding head is installed at the crest position of the corrugated protrusion, the grinding head is a cylindrical structure extending along the radial direction of the through tube, and the end face of the grinding head is provided with a hemispherical head protruding from the circumferential side wall of the through tube, the bushing includes a membrane cylinder with an opening at the bottom end, a reinforcement ring is installed at the opening position of the membrane cylinder, and the reinforcement ring is located on the inner side of the membrane cylinder and a guide sleeve is installed.

[0018] Through the above technical solution, to ensure that the soil sample can smoothly enter the bushing, during the downhole drilling, the corrugated protrusions of the through pipe can break through the soil more smoothly, while the grinding head can break up the soil near the drill bit to produce a wider borehole. In this way, the radius of the hard sample entering the through pipe will decrease, creating a large gap between the inner wall of the through pipe, the relay piece, and the inner wall of the sampling pipe. After passing through the guide sleeve, it squeezes the top end of the membrane cylinder, and the membrane cylinder stacked between the inner walls of the guide sleeve and the sliding sleeve is gradually pushed upward from top to bottom and unfolded, smoothly loading the sample into the membrane cylinder.

[0019] Further, the inner ring is coaxially and slidably installed inside the through pipe. A blind hole is radially opened in the middle of the circumferential outer wall of the inner ring. A through bolt is installed at the position of the blind hole. A counterbore is provided in the through pipe corresponding to the position of the through bolt. An end cap is sleeved on one end of the through bolt located in the counterbore.

[0020] Through the above technical solution, to facilitate the replacement of the fin, a blind hole is opened on the outer wall of the inner ring, and the connection with the through bolt is achieved by threading in the blind hole. Removing the through bolt can detach the fin and the inner ring as a whole for replacement. At the same time, the counterbore on the through pipe is a stepped hole that can accommodate the entire through bolt, and together with the end cap, it ensures the flatness of the outer wall of the through pipe.

[0021] Further, the sampling pipe includes a half-ring shell one and a half-ring shell two. A plurality of hinges are provided on the vertical side walls along the axial direction of the half-ring shell one and the half-ring shell two to connect them. Openings are provided on the vertical side walls of the half-ring shell one and the half-ring shell two on the side opposite to the hinges. A locking member is installed at the position of the opening, and a retaining cover is sleeved on the end of the locking member.

[0022] Through the above technical solution, the specific configuration of the sampling pipe is disclosed. The split design of the half-ring shell one and the half-ring shell two allows the locking member to be removed, enabling the half-ring shell two to swing around the hinge to completely open the half-ring shell one, facilitating the complete removal of the sample with the bushing inside the sampling pipe. Moreover, during drilling, the half-ring shell one and the half-ring shell two are locked by the locking member to form a hollow cylindrical whole, and the locking member is covered by the retaining cover to ensure the integrity of the outer wall of the sampling pipe and reduce the wear of the locking member.

[0023] Further, an upper joint is provided at the top end of the half-ring shell one. The upper joint is connected to the connecting rod by a thread. A lower joint is provided at the bottom end of the sampling pipe. An installation head is provided at the top end of the connecting sleeve. The lower joint is connected to the installation head by a thread.

[0024] Through the above technical solution, to achieve the quick disassembly and assembly of the sampling pipe, upper joints and lower joints with threads are respectively provided at the top and bottom ends of the half-ring shell one. The sampling pipe is installed between the connecting rod and the relay piece by means of threaded connection, making the disassembly, assembly, and replacement quicker and more convenient.

[0025] Furthermore, a first support plate and a second support plate are respectively installed near the two ends of the guide rods of the carriage. The tops of the first support plate and the second support plate extend upward beyond the top surface of the carriage.

[0026] Through the above technical solution, to ensure the verticality of the tunneling member during drilling, the first support plate and the second support plate are in a semi-circular arc shape and can fit on the outer wall of the cylindrical guide rod. At the same time, by extending the lengths of the first support plate and the second support plate, the contact distance between the first support plate and the second support plate and the guide rod in the vertical direction is longer, applying a horizontal limit to the carriage to prevent the carriage from twisting, ensuring the vertical stability of the carriage, and further ensuring the vertical stability of the tunneling member.

[0027] Furthermore, the lifting assembly includes a winch, which is fixed to one end of the base away from the tunneling member. The winch is respectively wound with a lower steel cable and an upper steel cable in opposite directions. The upper steel cable bypasses the upper reversing pulley from top to bottom and is connected to the top surface of the carriage, and the lower steel cable bypasses the lower reversing pulley from bottom to top and is connected to the bottom surface of the carriage.

[0028] Through the above technical solution, the specific configuration of the lifting assembly is disclosed. The winch is a spool with a rotational power source, and the rotational power source can be a servo motor. When the servo motor rotates forward, the lower steel cable can be wound and the upper steel cable can be released, causing the carriage to move downward for drilling. Similarly, when the servo motor rotates in the reverse direction, the upper steel cable can be wound and the lower steel cable can be released, causing the carriage to move upward to complete the knotting and segmenting of the sample in the bushing and the action of bringing it out of the ground.

[0029] Furthermore, the rotating assembly includes a motor. The pulley of the motor is connected to a speed reduction shaft through a belt. The speed reduction shaft is connected to an output shaft through a belt. A driven wheel is fixedly installed on the circumferential outer wall of the main rod. The output shaft is engaged with the driven wheel through bevel gears.

[0030] Through the above technical solution, the specific configuration of the rotating assembly is disclosed. The motor is a constant-speed motor. At the same time, the pulley of the motor is a small-diameter pulley, and the speed reduction shaft has two pulleys of different sizes. The large pulley of the speed reduction shaft is engaged with the small-diameter pulley of the motor, driving the small pulley of the speed reduction shaft to rotate synchronously. The end of the output shaft is also a large-diameter pulley. The small pulley of the speed reduction shaft is engaged with the large-diameter pulley of the output shaft, and the driven wheel is rotated through the bevel gears at the end of the output shaft. Finally, through multiple-stage speed reduction, the tunneling member rotates at a reasonable speed to complete the rotation-assisted downhole drilling and the bushing knotting action.

[0031] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0032] (1) Through the design of the base, support frame, tunneling component, rotating assembly and lifting assembly, when treating the riverbed soil pollution associated with water pollution treatment, the tunneling component that rotates and drills down is used to squeeze the soil in the riverbed into the sampling tube along the hollow drill bit and relay piece, and the sample is wrapped with a bushing, which facilitates the overall extraction of the sample from the sampling tube. The relative rotation of the sampling tube and the drill bit can also be used during sampling to tie knots in sections on the bushing for continuous independent sampling, avoiding the mutual penetration and interference of samples at different depths;

[0033] (2) Through the design of the relay piece, when drilling down, the vertical bars of the relay piece move downward and insert into the vertical grooves. The sampling tube can drive the drill bit to rotate through the locked relay piece to complete the rotation and drilling action. After drilling a certain distance, the sampling tube is lifted upward so that the bushing and the sample inside the sampling tube move upward synchronously. The drill bit cannot move upward synchronously due to the relative sliding of the connecting sleeve and the sliding sleeve. Since the lower end of the bushing is located in the drill bit, when the vertical bars are completely withdrawn from the vertical grooves, the relative rotation of the sampling tube and the drill bit can be achieved, and the bushing at the position of the relay piece can be twisted and knotted to complete quick sampling and sectioning, improving the efficiency of independent sampling. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 is the structural diagram of the first perspective of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 is the structural diagram of the second perspective of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 3 is the schematic diagram of the position between the lifting assembly, rotating assembly and the upper half of the tunneling component of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 4 is the schematic diagram of the position between the base and the lower half of the tunneling component of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 5 is the structural schematic diagram between the rotating assembly and the tunneling component of the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0039] Figure 6 is the structural schematic diagram between the rotating assembly and the tunneling component of the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0040] Figure 7 is the structural schematic diagram of the tunneling component of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 8 is the exploded schematic diagram of the sampling tube of the tunneling component of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 9 is the exploded schematic diagram between the relay piece and the drill bit of the tunneling component of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 10It is a schematic cross-sectional view between the intermediate piece and the drill bit of the excavation piece of the present invention.

[0044] Figure numerals: 1, base; 11, frame; 12, lifting member; 13, roller; 14, limit frame; 2, support frame; 21, guide rod; 22, slide; 23, support plate 1; 24, support plate 2; 3, rotating assembly; 31, motor; 32, speed reduction shaft; 33, output shaft; 4, excavation member; 41, main rod; 42, rotating joint; 43, air pipe; 44, driven wheel; 45, connecting rod; 46, sampling tube; 461, semi-ring shell 1; 462, upper joint; 463, lower joint; 464, semi-ring shell 2; 465, hinge; 466, notch; 467, locking 468. Card cover; 47. Relay; 471. Connecting sleeve; 472. Mounting head; 473. Vertical bar; 474. Flange; 475. Sliding sleeve; 476. Vertical groove; 477. Limiting ring; 478. Annular gap; 48. Drill bit; 481. Through pipe; 482. Grinding head; 483. Warping piece; 484. Inner ring; 485. Through bolt; 49. Bushing; 491. Reinforcement ring; 492. Guide sleeve; 493. Membrane cylinder; 5. Lifting assembly; 51. Winder; 52. Lower steel cable; 53. Upper steel cable; 54. Upper reversing wheel; 55. Lower reversing wheel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0046] Embodiment 1

[0047] like Figure 1 - Figure 10 As shown, this embodiment provides a deep soil sampling device for ecological restoration, which is used to sample the water-contaminated soil to be treated, so as to test the content of pollutants inside the soil and provide a data basis for subsequent water pollution treatment. Regarding the base 1, refer to Figure 4 The base 1 includes a frame 11. The frame 11 is a cage-shaped structure welded by angle steels. It has a firm structure and a light weight. A vertically arranged lifting member 12 is fixedly installed on the frame 11. The lifting member 12 can be vertically extended and retracted. When sampling, it can be shortened to make the base 1 contact the ground. It can also be extended to different lengths to counter the inclination and potholes of the ground, so as to ensure the overall position of the device is stable and vertical. A roller 13 is installed at the bottom of the lifting member 12. The roller 13 can suspend the device when the lifting member 12 is extended, so as to facilitate dragging. Two limit frames 14 are installed on the frame 11, and are symmetrically located on both sides of the excavation member 4. A clamping guide structure can be added at the lower end of the excavation member 4, that is, the free end of the excavation member 4, so that the excavation member 4 can be drilled vertically and stably;

[0048] For support frame 2, refer to Figure 2 The support frame 2 includes two vertical guide rods 21, the guide rods 21 are vertical rod-shaped structures, and a slide 22 is slidably installed between the two guide rods 21 along the axis of the guide rod 21, and the slide 22 is in sliding contact with the vertical outer wall of the guide rod 21 to ensure the vertical movement stability of the slide 22;

[0049] For boring part 4, refer to Figure 7 The excavation member 4 includes a main rod 41, which is a hollow tubular casting. The main rod 41 is vertically mounted in the middle of the slide 22 through a bearing and can be rotated for drilling and sampling. The lower end of the main rod 41 is detachably connected to a sampling tube 46 through a connecting rod 45. The sampling tube 46 can be detached to replace the connecting rod 45 of different lengths to achieve drilling sampling at different depths. A relay 47 is installed at the lower end of the sampling tube 46. A drill bit 48 is installed at the lower end of the relay 47. The drill bit 48 adopts a grinding drill, and drilling is directly carried out without adding water when selecting a drill, so as to avoid the distortion of the sample caused by the water introduced from the outside eroding the soil layer. The relay 47, the drill bit 48 and the sampling tube 46 are all hollow tubular structures. When the drill bit 48 is drilling, the drill bit 48, the relay 47 and the sampling tube 46 are vertically connected, and the soil enters the sampling tube 46 from the bottom to the top, so that the internal space of the sampling tube 46 can be filled to complete the sampling. A bushing 49 is installed on the inner side of the head 48. The bushing 49 is a deformable rubber cylinder. The opening is downward and can wrap the sample before the sample enters the sampling tube 46, forming a sausage-like sample in the sampling tube 46, which is convenient for directly pulling out the sample from the bottom after the sampling is completed. There is no need for sampling actions such as knocking, so as to ensure the integrity of the sample. It should be noted that an air pipe 43 can be installed at the top of the main rod 41 through a rotating joint 42. After the sampling is completed, the sample needs to be taken out and then the drilling is continued for deep sampling. During this process, the seepage water in the soil layer may infiltrate a large amount or even fill the upper space of the borehole. Direct drilling will introduce the upper seepage water into the lower soil layer to interfere with the authenticity of the sampling. Therefore, a negative pressure device can be installed at the end of the air pipe 43. The seepage water is first drained through the drill bit 48, the connecting rod 45 and the main rod 41, and then drilling can avoid the interference of the upper seepage water on the pollution degree in the lower soil layer.

[0050] Reference Figure 9, the relay member 47 includes a connecting sleeve 471 and a sliding sleeve 475. Both the connecting sleeve 471 and the sliding sleeve 475 are hollow cylinders. The lower end of the connecting sleeve 471 is provided with vertical bars 473. Multiple vertical bars 473 can be provided, and gaps are left between the vertical bars 473. The inner wall of the upper part of the sliding sleeve 475 is provided with vertical grooves 476 corresponding to the vertical bars 473. In this way, the vertical bars 473 can be inserted into the sliding sleeve 475 from top to bottom through the vertical grooves 476. When the vertical bars 473 are inserted into the vertical grooves 476, the sampling tube 46 and the drill bit 48 are locked with each other, and when the vertical bars 473 are pulled out of the vertical grooves 476, the sampling tube 46 and the drill bit 48 can rotate relative to each other;

[0051] Regarding the rotating assembly 3, the rotating assembly 3 provides rotational power for the tunneling member 4. Specifically, the rotating assembly 3 can be a vertically arranged motor, and the motor shaft is connected to the top end of the tunneling member 4 through a coupling, so as to achieve rotational drive;

[0052] Regarding the lifting assembly 5, the lifting assembly 5 provides power for the tunneling member 4 to move along the axis direction of the guide rod 21. At the same time, the lifting assembly 5 can be a hydraulic cylinder and is fixed between the carriage 22 and the base 1. By the telescopic movement of the hydraulic cylinder, the carriage 22 can be driven to move up and down.

[0053] The working principle of this embodiment is as follows:

[0054] Only the lifting component 5 needs to work, driving the carriage 22 to press down the tunneling part 4. Then, the sampling tube 46 at the lower part of the tunneling part 4 will squeeze the drill bit 48 and move downward synchronously. At this time, the vertical bar 473 of the relay part 47 will move downward and insert into the vertical groove 476. The vertical bar 473 contacts the vertical side wall of the vertical groove 476. Then, the rotating component 3 can drive the drill bit 48 to rotate through the sampling tube 46, completing the rotation and drilling action, and enabling the sample to enter the sampling tube 46 through the hollow drill bit 48 and the relay part 47. The bushing 49 is installed at the entrance of the sampling tube 46. The upper part of the bushing 49 is a telescopic rubber sleeve. The sample enters the bushing 49 and squeezes it to deform and enter the sampling tube 46 together. After drilling a certain distance, the sampling tube 46 is lifted upward so that the bushing 49 and the sample inside the sampling tube 46 move upward synchronously. The drill bit 48 is stuck in the soil and cannot move upward synchronously. Because the upper part of the bushing 49 and the sample are both located in the sampling tube 46, and because the sample is squeezed into the sampling tube 46 during downward drilling, the upper part of the bushing 49 containing the sample will fit tightly with the inner wall of the sampling tube 46. The lower end of the bushing 49 is located in the drill bit 48. When the sampling tube 46 moves upward beyond the vertical length of the vertical bar 473, the vertical bar 473 can be completely withdrawn from the vertical groove 476, realizing the function that the sampling tube 46 and the drill bit 48 can rotate relative to each other. Through the relative rotation of the sampling tube 46 and the drill bit 48, the upper part of the bushing 49 rotates relative to the lower part of the bushing 49, and finally the bushing 49 at the position of the relay part 47 is twisted and knotted. When drilling down again, a new section of the sample enters the bushing 49 and squeezes the new section of the bushing 49 into the sampling tube 46. Repeating the operation of lifting and knotting can obtain multiple independent continuous samples in one bushing 49. The structure of independent sampling is simple and the operation is fast, realizing efficient independent sampling, avoiding the mutual penetration and mixing of adjacent samples, and the extracted samples are closer to the actual situation.

[0055] Embodiment 2

[0056] On the basis of Embodiment 1, to achieve the smooth actions of locking and relative rotation of the relay part 47, refer to Figure 9 and Figure 10, the relay member 47 further includes a flange 474 located at the bottom end of the vertical bar 473. When tying the bushing 49, the upper sampling tube 46 is lifted, causing the bushing 49 and the sample inside the sampling tube 46 to move upward synchronously. The drill bit 48 is stuck in the soil and cannot move upward synchronously. When the length of the vertical bar 473 in the vertical direction is exceeded, the vertical bar 473 can be completely withdrawn from the vertical groove 476. A limiting ring 477 is installed above the flange 474 on the sliding sleeve 475. After the vertical bar 473 moves upward and is withdrawn from the vertical groove 476, the flange 474 will be blocked by the limiting ring 477 to prevent the connecting sleeve 471 and the sliding sleeve 475 from completely falling off and prevent the drill bit 48 from falling. Moreover, an annular gap 478 for the flange 474 to rotate is provided on the bottom surface of the limiting ring 477, that is, the height of the annular gap 478 in the vertical direction exceeds the height of the flange 474 in the vertical direction, and the flange 474 can be relaxed to rotate around the axis of the relay member 47 in the annular gap 478, realizing the function that the sampling tube 46 and the drill bit 48 can rotate relative to each other.

[0057] Embodiment III

[0058] Based on Embodiment I, the specific configuration of the drill bit 48 is improved. Refer to Figure 10 , the drill bit 48 includes a through pipe 481, the through pipe 481 is a circular pipe with an equal shaft diameter. An inner ring 484 is installed on the inner wall of the through pipe 481 at the top opening. Elastic fins 483 are installed on the inner circumferential wall of the inner ring 484. The fins 483 adopt an elastic structure. The free ends of the fins 483 extend towards the center of the inner ring 484 and remain in a horizontal position. The fins 483 can be bent upward by the soil extrusion when drilling downward, allowing the soil to smoothly push aside the fins 483 and move upward into the sampling tube 46. At the same time, the bottom opening of the bushing 49 is pressed against the bottom surface of the relay member 47 by the inner ring 484, and the lower end of the bushing 49 can be fixed when the sampling tube 46 and the drill bit 48 rotate relative to each other, ensuring that the bushing 49 is successfully tied at the position of the relay member 47. Moreover, the free ends of the fins 483 are upturned, and after sampling, the soil sample above the inner side of the drill bit 48 can be supported by its own elasticity, ensuring that the sample can be successfully lifted to the ground after sampling and preventing the dripping sample or sandy loose sample from falling out of the sampling tube 46.

[0059] Embodiment IV

[0060] Based on Embodiment III, to ensure that the soil sample can smoothly enter the bushing 49, refer to Figure 10, the bottom end of the through pipe 481 is provided with corrugated protrusions. When drilling down, the corrugated protrusions of the through pipe 481 can break through the soil more smoothly. A grinding head 482 is installed at the peak position of the corrugated protrusions. The grinding head 482 is a cylindrical structure extending along the radial direction of the through pipe 481. The end face of the grinding head 482 is provided with a hemispherical head protruding from the circumferential side wall of the through pipe 481. The grinding head 482 can break the soil near the drill bit 48, generating a drilling hole with a larger width. In this way, the radius of the hard sample entering the through pipe 481 will be reduced, avoiding the liner 49 being punctured due to too small a gap between the outer edge of the hard sample and the inner wall of the sampling pipe 46. Moreover, the liner 49 includes a membrane cylinder 493 with an open bottom end. The membrane cylinder 493 is a plastic cylinder with a length far exceeding the depth of the sampling pipe 46. A guide sleeve 492 is installed inside the membrane cylinder 493 where a reinforcing ring 491 is located. Before use, the membrane cylinder 493 with a redundant length design does not need to have great elasticity and can adopt a more ductile material, which is not easily damaged. The membrane cylinder 493 is stacked between the guide sleeve 492 and the inner wall of the sliding sleeve 475 for standby. When the sample enters, it will be guided by the guide sleeve 492 to the closed position at the top of the membrane cylinder 493. Then, the stacked membrane cylinder 493 between the guide sleeve 492 and the inner wall of the sliding sleeve 475 is gradually pushed upward from top to bottom by the sample squeezing the closed end at the top of the membrane cylinder 493, smoothly loading the sample into the membrane cylinder 493 and also avoiding the friction of the sample on the connection between the membrane cylinder 493 and the drill bit 48. At the same time, a reinforcing ring 491 is installed at the opening position of the membrane cylinder 493 to improve the structural strength of the port of the membrane cylinder 493 and prevent tearing.

[0061] Embodiment Five

[0062] On the basis of Embodiment Three, for the convenience of replacing the fin 483, refer to Figure 9 , the inner ring 484 is coaxially and slidably installed inside the through pipe 481. A blind hole is radially opened in the middle of the circumferential outer wall of the inner ring 484. A through bolt 485 is installed at the position of the blind hole. The blind hole is opened on the outer wall of the inner ring 484, and the connection with the through bolt 485 is realized by threading in the blind hole. Removing the through bolt 485 can detach the fin 483 and the inner ring 484 as a whole for replacement. A counterbore is provided at the position of the through pipe 481 corresponding to the through bolt 485. A end cap is sleeved on one end of the through bolt 485 located in the counterbore. At the same time, the counterbore on the through pipe 481 is a stepped hole, which can accommodate the whole through bolt 485, ensuring the flatness of the outer wall of the through pipe 481 with the end cap and also avoiding the wear of the through bolt 485 caused by rotary sampling.

[0063] Embodiment Six

[0064] On the basis of Embodiment One, a specific configuration of the sampling pipe 46 is disclosed. Refer to Figure 8The sampling tube 46 includes a semi-ring shell 1 461 and a semi-ring shell 2 464. The semi-ring shell 1 461 and the semi-ring shell 2 464 are formed by cutting an integral cylindrical tube along the diameter. At the same time, a plurality of hinges 465 are provided at the vertical side walls along the axial direction to connect with each other. The semi-ring shell 1 461 and the semi-ring shell 2 464 are provided with a notch 466 at the vertical side walls on the opposite side of the hinge 465. The split design of the semi-ring shell 1 461 and the semi-ring shell 2 464 allows the locking piece 467 to be removed, so that the semi-ring shell 2 464 can swing around the hinge 465 to fully open the semi-ring shell 1 461, which is more convenient and complete. Take out the sample with the bushing 49 inside the sampling tube 46 to prevent the bushing 49 from being damaged when pulling the sample, and a locking piece 467 is installed at the position of the notch 466, and a card cover 468 is provided on the end of the locking piece 467. When drilling, the semi-annular shell 1 461 and the semi-annular shell 2 464 are locked by the locking piece 467 to form a hollow cylindrical whole. The card cover 468 wraps the end of the locking piece 467 to fill the entire notch 466 to the same degree as the circumferential outer wall of the sampling tube 46, so that the outer wall of the sampling tube 46 is kept intact and the wear of the locking piece 467 is reduced.

[0065] Embodiment 7

[0066] On the basis of the sixth embodiment, in order to realize the rapid disassembly and assembly of the sampling tube 46, refer to Figure 8 An upper joint 462 is provided at the top of the semi-annular shell 461, and the inner wall of the upper joint 462 has an internal thread. The upper joint 462 is connected to the connecting rod 45 through threads. A lower joint 463 is provided at the bottom of the sampling tube 46, and the outer wall of the lower joint 463 has an external thread. A mounting head 472 is provided at the top of the connecting sleeve 471, and the lower joint 463 is connected to the mounting head 472 through threads. An upper joint 462 and a lower joint 463 with threads are respectively provided at the top and bottom ends of the semi-annular shell 461, and the sampling tube 46 is installed between the connecting rod 45 and the relay 47 by screwing, so that disassembly and replacement are faster and more convenient.

[0067] Embodiment 8

[0068] On the basis of the first embodiment, in order to ensure the verticality of the excavation member 4 during drilling, refer to Figure 5 The slide 22 is respectively provided with a support plate 23 and a support plate 24 near the ends of the two guide rods 21. The support plate 23 and the support plate 24 are semicircular in shape and can be attached to the outer wall of the cylindrical guide rod 21. Figure 6 The top ends of the support plates 1 23 and 24 extend upward beyond the top surface of the slide 22. By extending the lengths of the support plates 1 23 and 24, the contact distance between the support plates 1 23 and 24 and the guide rod 21 in the vertical direction is made longer, and a horizontal limit is imposed on the slide 22 to prevent the slide 22 from twisting, thereby ensuring the vertical stability of the slide 22 and further ensuring the vertical stability of the excavation member 4.

[0069] Embodiment Nine

[0070] Based on Embodiment One, the specific configuration of the lifting assembly 5 is disclosed. Refer to Figure 3 , the lifting assembly 5 includes a cable winder 51. The cable winder 51 is a spool with a rotary power source. The cable winder 51 is fixed to one end of the base 1 away from the tunneling member 4 to avoid interfering with the drilling and sampling operations. The lower steel cable 52 and the upper steel cable 53 are respectively wound around the cable winder 51 in opposite directions. The rotary power source can be a servo motor. When the servo motor rotates forward, the lower steel cable 52 can be wound and the upper steel cable 53 can be released, causing the carriage 22 to move downward for drilling. Similarly, when the servo motor rotates in the reverse direction, the upper steel cable 53 can be wound and the lower steel cable 52 can be released, causing the carriage 22 to move upward to complete the knotting and segmenting of the sample in the bushing 49 and the operation of bringing it out of the ground. The upper steel cable 53 bypasses the upper reversing pulley 54 from top to bottom and is connected to the top surface of the carriage 22. The lower steel cable 52 bypasses the lower reversing pulley 55 from bottom to top and is connected to the bottom surface of the carriage 22. The upper reversing pulley 54 and the lower reversing pulley 55 keep the sections of the upper steel cable 53 and the lower steel cable 52 connected to the carriage 22 vertical, thereby ensuring that the winding and release of the cable winder 51 can be converted into a vertical force to drive the vertical movement of the carriage 22, reducing the component forces in other directions, thus ensuring that the driving force is fully utilized for drilling, and also reducing the wear of the contact surface between the carriage 22 and the guide rod 21.

[0071] Embodiment Ten

[0072] Based on Embodiment One, the specific configuration of the rotating assembly 3 is disclosed. Refer to Figure 5 and Figure 6 , the rotating assembly 3 includes a motor 31. The motor 31 is a constant-speed motor. The pulley of the motor 31 is connected to a speed-reducing shaft 32 through a belt. The pulley of the motor 31 is a small-diameter pulley, while the speed-reducing shaft 32 has two pulleys of different sizes. The large pulley of the speed-reducing shaft 32 meshes with the small-diameter pulley of the motor 31 through a belt, driving the small pulley of the speed-reducing shaft 32 to rotate synchronously. The speed-reducing shaft 32 is connected to an output shaft 33 through a belt, and the end of the output shaft 33 is also a large-diameter pulley. The small pulley of the speed-reducing shaft 32 meshes with the large-diameter pulley of the output shaft 33 through a belt. A driven wheel 44 is fixedly installed on the circumferential outer wall of the main rod 41. The output shaft 33 meshes with the driven wheel 44 through bevel gears. The driven wheel 44 is rotated by the bevel gear at the end of the output shaft 33. Finally, through multiple-stage speed reduction, the tunneling member 4 rotates at a reasonable low speed to complete the rotation-assisted drilling and the knotting operation of the bushing 49.

[0073] The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An apparatus for deep soil sampling for ecological restoration, characterized in that, Comprising: A base (1), the base (1) includes a frame (11), a vertically arranged lifting member (12) is fixedly installed on the frame (11), and a roller (13) is installed at the bottom of the lifting member (12); A support frame (2), the support frame (2) includes two vertical guide rods (21), and a sliding frame (22) is slidably installed between the two guide rods (21) along the axis of the guide rods (21); An excavation member (4), the excavation member (4) includes a main rod (41), the main rod (41) is vertically installed in the middle of the sliding frame (22) through a bearing, a sampling tube (46) is detachably connected to the lower end of the main rod (41) through a connecting rod (45), a relay member (47) is installed at the lower end of the sampling tube (46), a drill bit (48) is installed at the lower end of the relay member (47), the drill bit (48), the relay member (47) and the sampling tube (46) are vertically penetrated, and a bushing (49) with an opening downward is installed inside the drill bit (48); The relay member (47) includes a connecting sleeve (471) and a sliding sleeve (475), a vertical bar (473) is provided at the lower end of the connecting sleeve (471), a vertical groove (476) corresponding to the vertical bar (473) is provided on the inner wall of the sliding sleeve (475), when the vertical bar (473) is inserted into the vertical groove (476), the sampling tube (46) and the drill bit (48) are locked with each other, and when the vertical bar (473) is pulled out of the vertical groove (476), the sampling tube (46) and the drill bit (48) can rotate relative to each other; A rotating assembly (3), the rotating assembly (3) drives the excavation member (4) to rotate around the axis; A lifting assembly (5), the lifting assembly (5) drives the excavation member (4) to reciprocate vertically.

2. The soil deep sampling device for ecological restoration according to claim 1, characterized in that The relay member (47) further includes a convex edge (474), the convex edge (474) is located at the bottom end of the vertical bar (473), a limiting ring (477) is installed above the convex edge (474) on the sliding sleeve (475), and an annular gap (478) for the convex edge (474) to rotate is provided on the bottom surface of the limiting ring (477).

3. The deep soil sampling device for ecological restoration according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drill bit (48) includes a through pipe (481), an inner ring (484) is installed on the inner wall of the through pipe (481) at the top opening, a fin (483) is installed on the circumferential inner wall of the inner ring (484), and the free end of the fin (483) extends towards the center of the inner ring (484).

4. The soil deep sampling device for ecological restoration according to claim 3, characterized in that, The bottom end of the through pipe (481) is provided with a corrugated protrusion, a grinding head (482) is installed at the peak position of the corrugated protrusion, the grinding head (482) is a cylindrical structure extending along the radius direction of the through pipe (481), a hemispherical head protruding from the circumferential side wall of the through pipe (481) is provided on the end face of the grinding head (482), the bushing (49) includes a film tube (493) with an opening at the bottom end, a reinforcing ring (491) is installed at the opening position of the film tube (493), and a guide sleeve (492) is installed inside the reinforcing ring (491) on the film tube (493).

5. The deep soil sampling device for ecological restoration according to claim 3, wherein, The inner ring (484) is coaxially and slidably installed inside the through pipe (481). A blind hole is radially formed in the middle of the circumferential outer wall of the inner ring (484). A through bolt (485) is installed at the position of the blind hole. A counterbore is provided in the through pipe (481) corresponding to the position of the through bolt (485). A end cap is sleeved on one end of the through bolt (485) located in the counterbore.

6. The deep soil sampling device for ecological restoration according to claim 1, wherein, The sampling pipe (46) includes a half-ring shell one (461) and a half-ring shell two (464). A plurality of hinges (465) are connected to each other at the vertical side walls of the half-ring shell one (461) and the half-ring shell two (464) along the axial direction. Cuts (466) are formed at the vertical side walls of the half-ring shell one (461) and the half-ring shell two (464) on the side opposite to the hinges (465). A locking member (467) is installed at the position of the cuts (466). A retaining cover (468) is sleeved on the end of the locking member (467).

7. The deep soil sampling device for ecological restoration according to claim 6, characterized in that, An upper joint (462) is provided at the top of the half-ring shell one (461). The upper joint (462) is connected to the connecting rod (45) by a thread. A lower joint (463) is provided at the bottom of the sampling pipe (46). An installation head (472) is provided at the top of the connecting sleeve (471). The lower joint (463) is connected to the installation head (472) by a thread.

8. The deep soil sampling device for ecological restoration according to claim 1, characterized in that, Support plates one (23) and two (24) are respectively installed at the ends of the carriage (22) close to the two guide rods (21). The tops of the support plates one (23) and two (24) extend upward beyond the top surface of the carriage (22).

9. The deep soil sampling device for ecological restoration according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lifting assembly (5) includes a winder (51). The winder (51) is fixed to one end of the base (1) away from the tunneling member (4). A lower steel cable (52) and an upper steel cable (53) are respectively wound around the winder (51) in opposite directions. The upper steel cable (53) bypasses the upper reversing pulley (54) from top to bottom and is connected to the top surface of the carriage (22). The lower steel cable (52) bypasses the lower reversing pulley (55) from bottom to top and is connected to the bottom surface of the carriage (22).

10. The soil deep sampling device for ecological restoration according to claim 1, wherein The rotating assembly (3) includes a motor (31). The pulley of the motor (31) is connected to a speed-reducing shaft (32) by a belt. The speed-reducing shaft (32) is connected to an output shaft (33) by a belt. A driven wheel (44) is fixedly installed on the circumferential outer wall of the main rod (41). The output shaft (33) is engaged with the driven wheel (44) through bevel gears.

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