Radiating unit and antenna

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of antennas, in particular to a low-frequency radiation unit and an antenna. The radiation unit comprises a dielectric substrate, a radiation part and a decoupling part, the radiation part and the decoupling part are arranged on the dielectric substrate, and the radiation part and the decoupling part are in coupling connection. The radiation part comprises a feed balun, a first radiation arm group and a second radiation arm group, and the feed balun supports the dielectric substrate and is electrically connected with the first radiation arm group and the second radiation arm group; the polarization direction of the first radiation arm group is perpendicular to the polarization direction of the second radiation arm group. The decoupling part, the first radiation arm group and the second radiation arm group are arranged on the same side of the dielectric substrate, the first radiation arm group and the second radiation arm group are correspondingly provided with decoupling parts, and the decoupling part and the corresponding first radiation arm group or the second radiation arm group are arranged at intervals. The electromagnetic waves of the high-frequency radiation unit generate secondary resonance on the decoupling part, so that the effect of enhancing high-frequency radiation is achieved, and the effect of transmitting the high-frequency electromagnetic waves is equivalently enhanced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of antenna technology, and in particular, to a radiation element and an antenna. Background Art

[0002] In a multi-band integrated antenna, due to electromagnetic coupling, radiation elements in different frequency ranges interfere with each other. In principle, the radiation aperture size and balun size of the low-frequency radiation element are larger than those of the high-frequency radiation element, that is, the projection of the high and low-frequency radiation elements on the reflector. The low-frequency radiation element will physically or electromagnetically block the normal operation of the high-frequency radiation element, seriously affecting the radiation pattern of the high-frequency radiation element. Therefore, an electromagnetic structure for removing the coupling effect on the high-frequency radiation element is often added to the radiation surface of the low-frequency radiation element to reduce the influence on the high-frequency radiation element around or below the low-frequency radiation element.

[0003] The current main technical problem is that the decoupling bandwidth function of the low-frequency decoupling radiation element is based on narrow-band bandwidth filtering, that is, the filtering function of the low-frequency radiation element on the high-frequency radiation element can only transmit high-frequency radiation energy in a narrow band, generally 1710 - 1880 MHz or 1920 - 2170 MHz or 2300 - 2600 MHz, and broadband decoupling cannot be achieved.

[0004] In traditional base station antennas, in order to improve the filtering effect of the low-frequency radiation element on the high-frequency radiation element, the structure and electrical properties of the low-frequency radiation element are usually improved to filter the secondary induced current generated by the high-frequency radiation element on the low-frequency radiation element and reduce the influence of the low-frequency radiation element on the high-frequency radiation element. However, even so, the energy of the high-frequency radiation element will still be lost during propagation, the achievable decoupling bandwidth is limited, and the gain loss of the high-frequency radiation element is large, while the performance of the low-frequency radiation element is relatively poor. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems or at least partially solve the above technical problems, this application provides a radiation element and an antenna.

[0006] The first aspect of this application provides a radiation element, including:

[0007] A dielectric substrate, and a radiation part and a decoupling part arranged on the dielectric substrate, the radiation part and the decoupling part are coupled and connected;

[0008] The radiation part includes a feeding balun, a first radiation arm group and a second radiation arm group. The feeding balun supports the dielectric substrate and is electrically connected to the first radiation arm group and the second radiation arm group; the polarization directions of the first radiation arm group and the second radiation arm group are perpendicular to each other;

[0009] The decoupling part, the first radiation arm group, and the second radiation arm group are all single-layer and disposed on the same side surface of the dielectric substrate. The first radiation arm group and the second radiation arm group are both correspondingly provided with the decoupling part. The decoupling part is spaced from the corresponding first radiation arm group or second radiation arm group, and the decoupling part is located inside the corresponding first radiation arm group or second radiation arm group. The operating frequency of the decoupling part is equal to the operating frequency of the radiation unit to be adjusted, so that the decoupling part resonates with the high-frequency radiation unit to be adjusted.

[0010] In some embodiments, the decoupling part includes a plurality of decoupling branches arranged at intervals, and there are gaps between the plurality of decoupling branches and the first radiation arm group and the second radiation arm group.

[0011] In some embodiments, the plurality of decoupling branches include a first decoupling branch and a second decoupling branch, and both the first decoupling branch and the second decoupling branch are spaced from the first radiation arm group and the second radiation arm group.

[0012] In some embodiments, the first radiation arm group includes two first radiation circuits, and the two first radiation circuits are symmetrically arranged about the center of the dielectric substrate; the second radiation arm group includes two second radiation circuits, and the two second radiation circuits are symmetric about the center of the dielectric substrate; the two second radiation circuits and the two first radiation circuits are arranged in a rectangular array.

[0013] In some embodiments, there is a gap between adjacent first radiation circuits and second radiation circuits, and the dielectric substrate is provided with a spaced groove at the gap.

[0014] In some embodiments, the dielectric substrate is provided with decoupling windows, and the number of the decoupling windows is equal to the sum of the numbers of the first radiation circuits and the second radiation circuits. Moreover, one decoupling window corresponds to one first radiation circuit or one second radiation circuit, and the first radiation circuit and the second radiation circuit are arranged around the corresponding decoupling window.

[0015] In some embodiments, the decoupling part is disposed on the dielectric substrate between the decoupling opening window and the first radiation circuit or the second radiation circuit.

[0016] In some embodiments, multiple sets of decoupling parts are correspondingly disposed in each first radiation circuit or second radiation circuit.

[0017] The second aspect of the present application provides an antenna, which includes a reflector, a first radiation unit, and a second radiation unit. The first radiation unit adopts the radiation unit described in any one of the above, and the second radiation unit is the radiation unit to be adjusted. The first radiation unit operates in a first frequency band, the second radiation unit operates in a second frequency band, the second frequency band is higher than the first frequency band, and both the second radiation unit and the first radiation unit are disposed on the reflector.

[0018] In some embodiments, the decoupling portion includes a first decoupling stub and a second decoupling stub. The total length of the first decoupling stub is equal to a positive integer multiple of a quarter wavelength of the operating center frequency of the second radiation unit, so that the operating frequency of the first decoupling stub is equal to the operating center frequency of the second radiation unit.

[0019] In some embodiments, the length of the second decoupling stub is equal to a positive integer multiple of a half wavelength of the operating center frequency of the second radiation unit, so that the operating frequency of the second decoupling stub is equal to the operating center frequency of the second radiation unit.

[0020] The technical solution provided by the embodiments of the present application has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0021] The radiation unit provided by the embodiments of the present application couples the radiation unit and the decoupling portion. At the same time, the decoupling portion, the first radiation arm group, and the second radiation arm group are disposed on the same side of the dielectric substrate and there is no ground layer, and the decoupling structure is simple. The decoupling portion of the embodiments of the present application is spaced from the first radiation arm group and the second radiation arm group. Parameters such as the position and length of the decoupling portion can be adjusted according to the operating frequency band of the high-frequency radiation unit, so that the operating frequency of the decoupling portion is consistent with the operating frequency of the high-frequency radiation unit. Furthermore, the electromagnetic wave of the high-frequency radiation unit generates a secondary resonance on the low-frequency radiation unit, equivalently enhancing the effect of the high-frequency electromagnetic wave. In principle, the low-frequency radiation unit in the embodiments of the present application is different from the traditional decoupling method of filtering. It uses the electromagnetic wave of the high-frequency radiation unit to generate a secondary resonance on the decoupling portion of the low-frequency radiation unit, playing a role in enhancing the high-frequency radiation and equivalently enhancing the effect of transmitting the high-frequency electromagnetic wave.

[0022] Meanwhile, the decoupling part, the first radiation arm group, and the second radiation arm group are all single-layer and disposed on the same side surface of the dielectric substrate, and the first radiation arm group, the second radiation arm group, and the decoupling part are all integrally arranged and located on the same side of the dielectric substrate, avoiding the problem of reconnection through a connection structure in the case of separate setting, and reducing the production cost; the decoupling part is located inside the corresponding first radiation arm group or second radiation arm group. On the premise that the sizes and shapes of the first radiation arm group and the second radiation arm group are fixed, compared with the case where the decoupling component is disposed outside or on both the inside and outside of the first radiation arm group or the second radiation arm group, the overall size of the radiation unit can be reduced, which is more suitable for the miniaturization and integration design of the antenna. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] The accompanying drawings herein are incorporated into and constitute a part of this specification, showing embodiments consistent with the present application, and are used together with the specification to explain the principles of the present application.

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, for those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the first radiation unit according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0026] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the dielectric substrate and the radiation part according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the decoupling part according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the first decoupling stub according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of the second decoupling stub according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Figure 6 It is a simulation diagram of the decoupling bandwidth of the low-frequency radiation unit according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0031] Wherein, 1. dielectric substrate; 2. first radiation circuit; 3. second radiation circuit; 4. decoupling window; 5. first decoupling stub; 6. second decoupling stub; 7. feeding balun; 8. spacing slot; 51. first stub segment; 52. second stub segment; 511. first decoupling segment; 512. second decoupling segment; 521. third decoupling segment; 522. fourth decoupling segment; 61. third stub segment; 62. fourth stub segment; 63. fifth stub segment; 64. sixth stub segment; 65. seventh stub segment. Detailed implementation manners

[0032] In order to more clearly understand the above objects, features and advantages of the present application, the solutions of the present application will be further described below. It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0033] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to fully understand the present application, but the present application can also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein; obviously, the embodiments in the specification are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all of the embodiments.

[0034] In a multi-band integrated antenna, due to electromagnetic coupling, the radiation units in different frequency ranges will interfere with each other. In principle, the radiation aperture size and balun size of the low-frequency radiation unit are larger than those of the high-frequency radiation unit, that is, the projection of the high- and low-frequency radiation units on the reflector. The low-frequency radiation unit will physically or electromagnetically block the normal operation of the high-frequency radiation unit, seriously affecting the radiation pattern of the high-frequency radiation unit. Therefore, an electromagnetic structure for removing the coupling influence on the high-frequency radiation unit is often added to the radiation surface of the low-frequency radiation unit to reduce the influence on the high-frequency radiation unit around or below the low-frequency radiation unit.

[0035] The current main technical problem is that the decoupling bandwidth function of the low-frequency decoupling radiation unit is based on narrow-band bandwidth filtering, that is, the filtering function of the low-frequency radiation unit on the high-frequency radiation unit can only transmit narrow-band high-frequency radiation energy, generally 1710 - 1880 MHz or 1920 - 2170 MHz or 2300 - 2600 MHz, and cannot achieve broadband decoupling.

[0036] The patent application with the application number: CN202111371096.9 and the invention title: Radiation Unit and Array Antenna discloses a radiation unit and an array antenna. The first feeding section, the third feeding section, the second grounding layer, and the third grounding layer are all arranged on the first side of the first substrate; the second feeding section, the first grounding layer, and the fourth grounding layer are all arranged on the second side of the first substrate. In this solution, the feeding sections and the grounding layers are arranged on both sides of the substrate, and a grounding structure is required. The filtering structure is complex. In principle, the filtering principle is adopted to reduce the loss of the low-frequency radiation unit to the high-frequency radiation unit. The decoupling bandwidth is limited, and the gain loss of the high-frequency radiation unit is relatively large. At the same time, the performance of the low-frequency radiation unit will be relatively poor.

[0037] The patent application with the application number: 202010876023.4 and the invention title: A Low-Frequency Oscillator Unit and a Hybrid Array Antenna discloses that a second circuit is printed on the oscillator sheet. One end of the oscillator sheet is fixed on the base plate, and the second circuit is electrically connected to the first circuit; the first radiation arm is made of thick copper foil and thin copper foil connected at intervals, the second radiation arm is made of thin copper foil, and the second circuit is electrically connected to the oscillator arm. Filtering is achieved by using wide and narrow copper foils in series, with a complex structure, limited decoupling bandwidth, relatively large gain loss for the high-frequency radiation unit, and relatively poor performance of the low-frequency radiation unit.

[0038] The patent application with the application number: 202210935204.9 and the invention title: Radiation Element and Base Station Antenna uses a resonant circuit of parasitic clusters to block the induced current in the second operating frequency band on the radiation arm. The filtering structure is complex, the decoupling bandwidth is limited, and the gain loss of the high-frequency radiation unit is relatively large. The performance of the low-frequency radiation unit is relatively poor.

[0039] The patent application with the application number: 202210489803.2 and the invention title: Decoupled Radiation Unit Antenna Device, Antenna Array and Antenna Equipment discloses a decoupled radiation unit, an antenna device, an antenna array and an antenna equipment. On the one hand, the matching line segment includes a plurality of sequentially connected branches, and the matching line segment is recessed towards the center of the decoupled radiation unit, that is, the matching line segment is set as a curve, with a longer actual electrical length, and a radiation function in a relatively wide frequency band can be achieved within a very small aperture size, achieving about 80% of the size of a conventional oscillator; on the other hand, the setting method of the first coupling structure on the radiation structure can enable the interfering current coupled by the first coupling structure and the interfering current coupled by the radiation structure to cancel each other out, achieving the purpose of canceling the interfering current, thereby reducing the radiation of the antenna to the interfering current. The adopted filtering structure is complex, the decoupling bandwidth is limited, and the gain loss of the high-frequency radiation unit is relatively large. The performance of the low-frequency radiation unit is relatively poor.

[0040] The patent application with the application number 202011350025.6 and the invention title "A broadband filtering unit and an antenna array" discloses a broadband filtering unit, which includes a grounding support base, a feeding balun, and a square radiation surface. Both the front and back sides of the square radiation surface are copper-clad. Among them, the shape of the copper cladding on the front side is similar to four combined square structures. Two square structures located on the diagonal form two dipole arms in one polarization direction. The middle positions of each dipole arm are all hollowed out. The dipole arm is composed of multiple cascaded LC circuits, and multiple open-circuit filtering stubs are also arranged on the dipole arm. Both the front and back sides of the square radiation surface are copper-clad, the filtering structure is complex, the decoupling bandwidth is limited, only 1.695 GHz - 2.2 GHz, and the gain loss of the high-frequency radiation unit is relatively large, and the performance of the low-frequency radiation unit is relatively poor.

[0041] The patent application with the application number 202011112359.X and the invention title "Low-frequency radiation unit and base station antenna" discloses a low-frequency radiation unit, which includes a dielectric substrate, a radiator, and a feeding balun; the radiator includes two groups of dipoles orthogonally distributed on the dielectric substrate. Each group of dipoles includes two radiation arms with a circular structure as the main body. Multiple open-circuit stubs are arranged on the inner side of the radiation arm. The open-circuit stub includes a first line segment and a second line segment connected in a bent shape. The outer end of the first line segment is connected to the radiation arm, the outer end of the second line segment is open, and the second line segment is parallel to the inner side of the radiation arm; the feeding balun has an orthogonal structure, the lower end of the feeding balun is connected to the reflector, and the upper end of the feeding balun is connected to the radiator.

[0042] The patent application with the application number 202111563403.3 and the invention title "Radiation unit, antenna and base station" discloses a radiation unit, which includes a radiation part and a feeding part for feeding the radiation part. The radiation part includes a radiator and a suppression conductor. The suppression conductor is arranged along the edge of the contour of the radiator, and there is a gap between the suppression conductor and the radiator to form a gap coupling relationship. The suppression conductor and the radiator excite two induction currents flowing in opposite directions in response to the high-frequency resonance generated when an external high-frequency signal passes through the gap. Using the filtering principle, it has an impact on the low-frequency performance, the decoupling bandwidth for high frequencies is limited, and the bandwidth with a radar cross section (RCS) lower than -15 dB is only 2400 MHz - 3850 MHz. The gain loss of the high-frequency radiation unit is relatively large, and the performance of the low-frequency radiation unit is relatively poor.

[0043] The above patent applications are all based on the filtering stub principle in terms of principle, that is, filtering the secondary induced current generated by the high-frequency radiation unit on the low-frequency radiation unit to reduce the influence of the low-frequency radiation unit on the high-frequency radiation unit. However, even so, there is still energy loss when the high-frequency radiation unit propagates, the achievable decoupling bandwidth is limited, and the gain loss of the high-frequency radiation unit is large, which also leads to relatively poor performance of the low-frequency radiation unit.

[0044] Therefore, an antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application includes a first radiation unit, a second radiation unit, and a reflector. The first radiation unit and the second radiation unit are both disposed on the reflector. Among them, the first radiation unit operates in a first frequency band, and the second radiation unit operates in a second frequency band, and the second frequency band is higher than the first frequency band. That is to say, the first radiation unit is a low-frequency radiation unit, and the second radiation unit is a high-frequency radiation unit. A decoupling portion is provided on the first radiation unit, and the operating frequency of the decoupling portion is equal to the operating frequency of the second radiation unit. Since the low-frequency radiation unit is large in size, it will block the high-frequency radiation unit. In some embodiments of the present application, the operating frequency of the decoupling portion on the low-frequency radiation unit is set to be equal to the operating frequency of the high-frequency radiation unit, and the high-frequency radiation unit can generate secondary resonance on the decoupling portion of the low-frequency radiation unit, enhancing the effect of transmitting high-frequency electromagnetic waves.

[0045] As Figure 1 described, the low-frequency radiation unit provided by the embodiment of the present application includes a dielectric substrate 1, a radiation portion, and a decoupling portion. Among them, the radiation portion and the decoupling portion are both disposed on the dielectric substrate 1, and the radiation portion and the decoupling portion are not connected to each other and are connected by a coupling method.

[0046] The radiation portion includes a feeding balun 7, a first radiation arm group, and a second radiation arm group. The feeding balun 7 supports the dielectric substrate 1 and is electrically connected to the first radiation arm group and the second radiation arm group; the polarization directions of the first radiation arm group and the second radiation arm group are perpendicular to each other. The feeding balun 7 can directly feed, capacitively feed, or use other forms of feeding methods for the first radiation arm group and the second radiation arm group.

[0047] The decoupling portion, the first radiation arm group, and the second radiation arm group are disposed on the same side of the dielectric substrate 1. The first radiation arm group and the second radiation arm group are both correspondingly provided with a decoupling portion, and the decoupling portion is spaced from the corresponding first radiation arm group or second radiation arm group.

[0048] The dielectric substrate 1 has a first side and a second side. The decoupling part, the first radiation arm group, and the second radiation arm group are simultaneously arranged on the first side or simultaneously arranged on the second side. In this way, copper plating only needs to be performed on one side of the dielectric substrate 1. During the process of manufacturing the board, less raw material metal copper is required, and the carbon emissions generated by the entire processing technology are less, making it more environmentally friendly. For the secondary processing process of the raw material dielectric substrate, only one side needs to be processed, avoiding other process operations such as turning over. Existing mature printed circuit board processing technologies such as chemical etching, laser engraving, or mechanical processing can be directly adopted, resulting in less pollution, higher processing efficiency, simpler operation, and cost savings in production.

[0049] The dielectric substrate 1 is generally made of non-metallic materials. The feeding balun 7 feeds and matches the first radiation arm group and the second radiation arm group in terms of electrical function, and can be in the form of a printed circuit board, or can also be in the form of sheet metal, coaxial transmission line, or die-cast metal parts, etc. The feeding balun 7 and the dielectric substrate 1 support the first radiation arm group and the second radiation arm group in terms of structural function, ensuring the height position and reliability requirements of the first radiation arm group and the second radiation arm group with respect to the reflector or radome.

[0050] The first radiation arm group and the second radiation arm group function to radiate electromagnetic waves and can be in the form of metal microstrip lines. The length dimensions of the first radiation arm group and the second radiation arm group generally form a dual-polarization structure with a physical length of half a wavelength; the width dimension generally has less impact on high-frequency performance as it gets narrower, but considering the power capacity and heat dissipation conditions, the width dimension needs to be comprehensively compromised.

[0051] The radiation unit provided in the embodiment of the present application couples and connects the radiation part and the decoupling part. At the same time, the decoupling part, the first radiation arm group, and the second radiation arm group are all single-layer and arranged on the surface of the same side of the dielectric substrate, and there is no ground layer, so the decoupling structure is simple; in the embodiment of the present application, the decoupling part is spaced from the first radiation arm group and the second radiation arm group, and the decoupling part is located inside the corresponding first radiation arm group or second radiation arm group. The position, length, and other parameters of the decoupling part can be adjusted according to the operating frequency band of the high-frequency radiation unit, so that the operating frequency of the decoupling part is consistent with the operating frequency of the high-frequency radiation unit. Furthermore, the electromagnetic waves of the high-frequency radiation unit generate secondary resonance on the low-frequency radiation unit, equivalently enhancing the effect of high-frequency electromagnetic waves. In principle, the low-frequency radiation unit in the embodiment of the present application is different from the traditional filtering method for decoupling. It uses the electromagnetic waves of the high-frequency radiation unit to generate secondary resonance on the decoupling part of the low-frequency radiation unit, playing a role in enhancing high-frequency radiation and equivalently enhancing the effect of transmitting high-frequency electromagnetic waves.

[0052] The first radiation arm group, the second radiation arm group, and the decoupling part are all integrally arranged and located on the same side of the dielectric substrate, avoiding the problem of having to open metal vias on the dielectric substrate for electrical connection in a layered arrangement, and reducing the production cost; the decoupling part is located inside the corresponding first radiation arm group or second radiation arm group. On the premise that the sizes and shapes of the first radiation arm group and the second radiation arm group are fixed, compared with the case where the decoupling component is arranged outside or on both the inside and outside of the first radiation arm group or the second radiation arm group, the overall size of the radiation unit can be reduced, which is more suitable for the miniaturization and integration design of the antenna.

[0053] Further, in some embodiments of the present application, the decoupling part includes a first decoupling stub 5 and a second decoupling stub 6 arranged at intervals, and both the first decoupling stub 5 and the second decoupling stub 6 are arranged at intervals from the first radiation arm group and the second radiation arm group. The first decoupling stub 5 and the second decoupling stub 6 determine the decoupling effect and the frequency band range.

[0054] Further, in some embodiments of the present application, the first radiation arm group includes two first radiation circuits 2, and the two first radiation circuits 2 are symmetrically arranged about the center of the dielectric substrate 1; the second radiation arm group includes two second radiation circuits 2, and the two second radiation circuits 2 are symmetric about the center of the dielectric substrate 1; the two second radiation circuits 3 and the two first radiation circuits 2 are arranged in a rectangular array.

[0055] Exemplarily, as Figure 2 shown, in some embodiments of the present application, the first radiation circuit 2 and the second radiation circuit 3 have the same structure and are respectively arranged in four quadrants centered on the dielectric substrate 1. Taking the center of the dielectric substrate 1 as the origin, the horizontal center line as the X-axis, and the vertical center line as the Y-axis; both the first radiation circuit 2 and the second radiation circuit 3 are rectangular frame structures. Under the condition of meeting the performance indicators, the metal wires of the first radiation circuit 2 and the second radiation circuit 3 are required to be as thin as possible. Among them, the two first radiation circuits 2 are respectively arranged in the first quadrant and the third quadrant, and the two second radiation circuits 3 are respectively arranged in the second quadrant and the fourth quadrant. Multiple groups of decoupling parts are correspondingly arranged in each first radiation circuit 2 and each second radiation circuit 3, and each group of decoupling parts includes a first decoupling stub 5 and a second decoupling stub 6. As Figure 3 shown, taking one first radiation circuit as an example, the first radiation circuit 2 is correspondingly provided with 4 groups of decoupling parts, and the 4 groups of decoupling parts are respectively arranged corresponding to the 4 sides of the first radiation circuit 2.

[0056] It should be noted that the first radiation circuit 2, the second radiation circuit 3, and the decoupling part may not be centrosymmetric either, and it is also feasible to adopt a non-centrosymmetric structure and an axisymmetric structure.

[0057] Further, in some embodiments of the present application, a gap is provided between adjacent first radiation circuits 2 and second radiation circuits 3, and a spacer groove 8 is provided on the dielectric substrate 1 at the gap. The spacer groove 8 prevents the decoupling portions in the adjacent first radiation circuits 2 and second radiation circuits 3 from interfering with each other. The resonant frequency of the high-frequency radiation unit on the low-frequency radiation unit can be finely adjusted by adjusting the width and length of the spacer groove 8, thereby finely adjusting the decoupling effect.

[0058] Exemplarily, as Figure 1 shown, in some embodiments of the present application, two spacer grooves 8 are provided on the dielectric substrate 1 along the X direction, two spacer grooves 8 are provided along the Y direction, a spacer groove 8 along the X direction is provided between the first radiation circuit 2 in the first quadrant and the second radiation circuit 3 in the second quadrant, a spacer groove 8 along the Y direction is provided between the second radiation circuit 3 in the second quadrant and the first radiation circuit 2 in the third quadrant, an X-direction spacer groove 8 is provided between the first radiation circuit 2 in the third quadrant and the second radiation circuit 3 in the fourth quadrant, and a Y-direction spacer groove 8 is provided between the second radiation circuit 3 in the fourth quadrant and the first radiation circuit 2 in the first quadrant. By adjusting the length and width of each spacer groove 8, the decoupling effect can be finely adjusted.

[0059] Further, in some embodiments of the present application, decoupling windows 4 are provided on the dielectric substrate 1. The number of decoupling windows 4 is equal to the sum of the numbers of the first radiation circuits 2 and the second radiation circuits 3, and one decoupling window 4 corresponds to one first radiation circuit 2 or one second radiation circuit 3. The first radiation circuits 2 and the second radiation circuits 3 are arranged around the corresponding decoupling windows 4.

[0060] Exemplarily, in some embodiments of the present application, 4 decoupling windows 4 are provided, which are respectively provided in 4 quadrants. The decoupling windows 4 are formed by removing the dielectric substrate 1. By adjusting the size of the decoupling windows 4, the resonant frequency of the high-frequency radiation unit on the low-frequency radiation unit can be finely adjusted, thereby finely adjusting the decoupling effect. The combined adjustment of the decoupling windows 4 and the spacer grooves 8 assists the decoupling portion to achieve the decoupling effect. The decoupling windows not only play a role in optimizing the electrical performance, but also can reduce the weight of the radiation unit, save raw materials, and thus reduce the product cost. The decoupling windows can also improve the space utilization rate of the radiation array, such as being used for other structural support and other functions.

[0061] Further, in some embodiments of the present application, the decoupling portion is provided on the dielectric substrate 1 between the decoupling window 4 and the first radiation circuit 2 or the second radiation circuit 3. The decoupling portion has the same operating frequency as the high-frequency radiation unit, and finally realizes the second resonance with the high-frequency radiation unit, equivalently realizing the decoupling effect on the high-frequency radiation unit.

[0062] Further, multiple decoupling parts are correspondingly arranged in each first radiation circuit 2 or second radiation circuit 3. Specifically, in some embodiments of the present application, 4 groups of decoupling parts are correspondingly arranged in each first radiation circuit 2, and 4 groups of decoupling parts are correspondingly arranged in each second radiation circuit 3.

[0063] As Figure 3 shown, the decoupling part includes a plurality of decoupling stubs arranged at intervals, and there are gaps between the plurality of decoupling stubs and both the first radiation arm group and the second radiation arm group. By adjusting parameters such as the number, total length, and position of the decoupling stubs, the operating frequency on the decoupling stubs can be made equal to the operating frequency of the high-frequency radiation unit, so that the decoupling stubs and the high-frequency radiation unit form a secondary resonance, equivalently realizing the decoupling effect on the high-frequency radiation unit.

[0064] As Figure 3 shown, in some embodiments of the present application, the multiple decoupling parts include a first decoupling stub 5 and a second decoupling stub 6. Among them, the first decoupling stub 5 includes a first stub segment 51 and a second stub segment 52. The first stub segment 51 and the second stub segment 52 are arranged at intervals and are both arranged at intervals from the first radiation circuit 2 or the second radiation circuit 3. The shape of the first stub segment 51 is L-shaped, the shape of the second stub segment 51 is L-shaped, the first stub segment 51 includes a first decoupling section 511 and a second decoupling section 512, the first decoupling section 511 and the second decoupling section 512 are vertically arranged, the second stub segment 52 includes a third decoupling section 521 and a fourth decoupling section 522, and the third decoupling section 521 and the fourth decoupling section 522 are vertically arranged; and the first decoupling section 511 is arranged at intervals from the first radiation circuit 2, and the third decoupling section 521 is arranged at intervals from the first radiation circuit 2.

[0065] It should be noted that according to actual needs, the multiple decoupling stubs may further include other decoupling stub segments in addition to the first decoupling stub and the second decoupling stub. The specific number, length, and position of the decoupling stubs can be designed according to the operating frequency of the high-frequency radiation unit to be adjusted. The shapes of the stubs of the decoupling part can be the same or different. This embodiment in which the multiple decoupling stubs include the first decoupling stub and the second decoupling stub is used as an example for illustration.

[0066] In some embodiments, the first stub segment 51 and the second stub segment 52 are symmetrically arranged and located on the dielectric substrate 1 inside the first radiation circuit 2 or the second radiation circuit 3. The physical length of the first stub segment 51 (i.e., the sum of the physical lengths of the first decoupling segment 511 and the second decoupling segment 512) or the physical length of the second stub segment 51 (i.e., the sum of the physical lengths of the third decoupling segment 521 and the fourth decoupling segment 522) resonates near an integer multiple of a quarter wavelength of the operating center frequency of the high-frequency radiation unit. Specifically, in some embodiments of the present application, the physical length of the first stub segment 51 or the physical length of the second stub segment 52 is equal to a quarter wavelength of the operating center frequency of the high-frequency radiation unit. The purpose of fine-tuning the decoupling effect can be achieved by adjusting the relative positions of the first stub segment 51 or the second stub segment 52 and the first radiation circuit 2 or the second radiation circuit 3.

[0067] The shape of the second decoupling stub 6 is similar to an open rectangular frame, including a third stub segment 61, a fourth stub segment 62, a fifth stub segment 63, a sixth stub segment 64, and a seventh stub segment 65. The second decoupling stub 6 and the first radiation circuit 2 or the second radiation circuit 3 do not contact each other. The physical length of the second decoupling stub 6 (i.e., the sum of the physical lengths of the third stub segment 61, the fourth stub segment 62, the fifth stub segment 63, the sixth stub segment 64, and the seventh stub segment 65) resonates near an integer multiple of a half wavelength of the operating center frequency of the high-frequency radiation unit. By adjusting the physical length of the second decoupling stub 6, the resonance frequency can be changed, thereby realizing the secondary resonance of the high-frequency radiation unit and equivalently realizing the decoupling effect on the high-frequency radiation unit. In some embodiments of the present application, the total physical length of the second decoupling stub 6 is equal to a half wavelength of the operating center frequency of the high-frequency radiation unit. In addition, the decoupling effect can also be fine-tuned by adjusting the relative positions of each part of the second coupling stub 6 and the first radiation circuit 2 or the second radiation circuit 3.

[0068] The first stub segment and the second stub segment are set in an L shape. There is no first stub segment or second stub segment between the second decoupling stub and the corresponding first radiation arm group or second radiation arm group. That is to say, in the direction perpendicular to the first radiation circuit or the second radiation circuit, there are only two layers of the first radiation circuit or the second radiation circuit and the third stub segment. From the perspective of layout, the occupied space is smaller. The first stub segment and the second stub segment are only bent once, with higher design freedom and lower cost.

[0069] Exemplarily, when the sizes of the spacer groove 8 and the decoupling window 4 remain unchanged, by changing the physical lengths and positions of the first decoupling stub 5 and the second decoupling stub 6, the operating frequency of the decoupling part is changed, thereby resonating with high-frequency radiation units in different operating frequency bands and enhancing the radiation effect of the high-frequency radiation units.

[0070] Such asFigure 6 As shown, the decoupling level of the high-frequency radiation unit at operating frequencies from 1710 MHz to 3800 MHz is less than -15 dB, and the ultra-wideband decoupling effect is very obvious. Among them, the decoupling level from 2300 MHz to 2650 MHz and from 2940 - 3500 MHz is less than -20 dB, and the multi-band decoupling and filtering effect is very obvious.

[0071] The low-frequency radiation unit provided by the embodiment of the present application provides a decoupling part arranged on the low-frequency radiation unit, so that the power frequency of the decoupling part is consistent with the operating frequency of the high-frequency radiation unit, so that the electromagnetic wave of the high-frequency radiation unit generates a secondary resonance on the decoupling unit of the low-frequency radiation unit, and the decoupled high-frequency bandwidth reaches an ultra-wide bandwidth, which can be from 1700 MHz to 3900 MHz. At the same time, the decoupling part is coupled to the radiation part on the low-frequency radiation unit, and has little influence on the low-frequency performance. The decoupling part, the first radiation arm group, and the second radiation arm group are arranged on the same side of the dielectric substrate, with single-sided decoupling, without the need for a grounding or filtering structure, and the decoupling structure is simple. According to the combination of the high-frequency radiation unit and the low-frequency radiation unit, only by adjusting the position and size of the decoupling stub, the slot or the decoupling window on the low-frequency radiation unit, the decoupling effect can be achieved, with strong versatility and high design freedom.

[0072] It should be noted that in this article, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprise", "include" or any other variant thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not expressly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. Without further limitation, an element defined by the statement "comprising one..." does not exclude the existence of another identical element in the process, method, article or device including the said element.

[0073] The above are only specific embodiments of the present application, enabling those skilled in the art to understand or implement the present application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be obvious to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present application. Therefore, the present application will not be limited to the embodiments described herein, but will conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A radiation unit, characterized in that, Comprising: A dielectric substrate (1), a radiation part and a decoupling part disposed on the dielectric substrate (1), with the radiation part and the decoupling part being coupled to each other; The radiation part includes a feeding balun (7), a first radiation arm group and a second radiation arm group. The feeding balun (7) supports the dielectric substrate (1) and is electrically connected to the first radiation arm group and the second radiation arm group; the polarization directions of the first radiation arm group and the second radiation arm group are perpendicular to each other; The decoupling part, the first radiation arm group and the second radiation arm group are all single-layer and disposed on the same side surface of the dielectric substrate (1). The first radiation arm group and the second radiation arm group are both correspondingly provided with the decoupling part. The decoupling part is spaced from the corresponding first radiation arm group or second radiation arm group, and the decoupling part is located inside the corresponding first radiation arm group or second radiation arm group; the operating frequency of the decoupling part is equal to the operating frequency of the radiation unit to be adjusted, so that the decoupling part resonates with the radiation unit to be adjusted at high frequency.

2. The radiation unit according to claim 1, wherein The decoupling part includes a plurality of decoupling branches arranged at intervals, and there are gaps between the plurality of decoupling branches and the first radiation arm group and the second radiation arm group.

3. The radiation unit according to claim 2, characterized in that, The plurality of decoupling branches include a first decoupling branch (5) and a second decoupling branch (6), and both the first decoupling branch (5) and the second decoupling branch (6) are spaced from the first radiation arm group and the second radiation arm group.

4. The radiation unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first radiation arm group includes two first radiation circuits (2), and the two first radiation circuits (2) are symmetrically arranged about the center of the dielectric substrate (1); the second radiation arm group includes two second radiation circuits (3), and the two second radiation circuits (3) are symmetrically arranged about the center of the dielectric substrate (1); the two second radiation circuits (3) and the two first radiation circuits (2) are arranged in a rectangular array; there is a gap between adjacent first radiation circuit (2) and the second radiation circuit (3), and the dielectric substrate (1) is provided with a spacer groove (8) at the gap.

5. The radiation unit according to claim 4, characterized in that, Decoupling windows (4) are provided on the dielectric substrate (1), the number of the decoupling windows (4) is equal to the sum of the numbers of the first radiation circuits (2) and the second radiation circuits (3), and one decoupling window (4) corresponds to one first radiation circuit (2) or one second radiation circuit (3), and the first radiation circuit (2) and the second radiation circuit (3) are arranged around the corresponding decoupling window (4).

6. The radiation unit according to claim 5, wherein The decoupling part is disposed on the dielectric substrate (1) between the decoupling window (4) and the first radiation circuit (2) or the second radiation circuit (3).

7. The radiation unit according to claim 6, characterized in that, Multiple groups of the decoupling part are correspondingly arranged in each of the first radiation circuits (2) or the second radiation circuits (3).

8. An antenna, characterized in that, It includes a reflector, a first radiation unit, and a second radiation unit, where the first radiation unit adopts the radiation unit described in any one of claims 1-7, the second radiation unit is the radiation unit to be adjusted, the first radiation unit operates in a first frequency band, the second radiation unit operates in a second frequency band, the second frequency band is higher than the first frequency band, and both the second radiation unit and the first radiation unit are disposed on the reflector.

9. The antenna according to claim 8, characterized in that, The decoupling part includes a first decoupling stub (5) and a second decoupling stub (6). The first decoupling stub (5) includes a first stub segment (51) and a second stub segment (52) that are spaced apart. The total length of the first stub segment (51) or the total length of the second stub segment (52) is equal to a positive integer multiple of a quarter wavelength of the operating center frequency of the second radiation unit, so that the operating frequency of the first decoupling stub (5) is equal to the operating center frequency of the second radiation unit.

10. The antenna according to claim 8, wherein The total length of the second decoupling stub (6) is equal to a positive integer multiple of a half wavelength of the operating center frequency of the second radiation unit, so that the operating frequency of the second decoupling stub (6) is equal to the operating center frequency of the second radiation unit.

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